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Duflot M, Cresson P, Julien M, Chartier L, Bourgau O, Palomba M, Mattiucci S, Midelet G, Gay M. Black spot diseases in seven commercial fish species from the English Channel and the North Sea: infestation levels, identification and population genetics of Cryptocotyle spp. Parasite 2023; 30:28. [PMID: 37417833 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2023028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish are often speckled with "black spots" caused by metacercarial trematode infection, inducing a host response. Cryptocotyle spp. (Opisthorchiidae) are among the parasites responsible for this phenomenon. So far, the impact on human health is still unknown. In addition, few publications dealing with black spot recovery, identification, distribution and diversity among commercially important fish are available. Moreover, "black spots" have been observed by fishermen on marine fish, revealing an appreciable but unquantified presence in consumed fish. An epidemiological survey of 1,586 fish from seven commercial species (herring, sprat, whiting, pout, dab, flounder, and plaice) was conducted in the Eastern English Channel and the North Sea in January 2019 and 2020. Encysted metacercariae were found in 325 out of 1,586 fish, with a total prevalence of 20.5%. Intensity of infection varied from 1 to 1,104 parasites. The recorded encysted metacercariae were identified either by microscopic examination or with molecular tools. Partial sequences of the mtDNA cox1 gene and of the rDNA ITS region were obtained. Two species of Cryptocotyle, Cryptocotyle lingua (Creplin, 1825) and Cryptocotyle concava (Creplin, 1825) were found. Metacercariae belonging to other trematode families were also identified. Molecular phylogenetic analysis and haplotype network construction were performed to confirm the identification and to study the potential presence of different populations of Cryptocotyle spp. This survey enabled us to describe the distribution of two species of Cryptocotyle in the English Channel and North Sea ecosystems. The observed differences in infestation levels between fish species and geographical areas will contribute to better understanding of the ecology of these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Duflot
- ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France - University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Pierre Cresson
- Ifremer, RBE/HMMN, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques Manche Mer du Nord, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Maéva Julien
- ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Léa Chartier
- ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Odile Bourgau
- ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Marialetizia Palomba
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, Viale dell'Università s/n, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Simonetta Mattiucci
- Department of Public Health And Infectious Diseases, Section of Parasitology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mélanie Gay
- ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
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Duflot M, Midelet G, Bourgau O, Buchmann K, Gay M. Optimization of tools for the detection and identification of Cryptocotyle metacercariae in fish: Digestion method and viability studies. J Fish Dis 2021; 44:1777-1784. [PMID: 34289140 PMCID: PMC9290975 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Some trematode metacercariae, including marine digeneans belonging to the genus Cryptocotyle, induce black spots in target tissues due to the attraction of fish host melanophores. To promote precise quantification of infection, the counting of black spots has to be confirmed by reliable quantification of metacercariae after tissue digestion. This process ensures the isolation of undamaged parasites for morphological and molecular identification. The aim of this work was to optimize the pepsin digestion protocol and to assess the duration of viability of Cryptocotyle metacercariae in fish post-mortem (pm). Four digestion protocols were compared by measuring the viability rate of metacercariae. The present study shows that the orbital digestion method was the least destructive for metacercariae and allowed better quantification of Cryptocotyle infection. Moreover, morphological identification seemed reliable up to 8 days pm for Cryptocotyle infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Duflot
- ANSES, Laboratory for Food SafetyBoulogne‐sur‐MerFrance
- University of Littoral Côte d'OpaleBoulogne‐sur‐MerFrance
| | | | - Odile Bourgau
- ANSES, Laboratory for Food SafetyBoulogne‐sur‐MerFrance
| | - Kurt Buchmann
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Mélanie Gay
- ANSES, Laboratory for Food SafetyBoulogne‐sur‐MerFrance
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Duflot M, Gay M, Midelet G, Kania PW, Buchmann K. Morphological and molecular identification of Cryptocotyle lingua metacercariae isolated from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) from Danish seas and whiting (Merlangius merlangus) from the English Channel. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:3417-3427. [PMID: 34448921 PMCID: PMC8460567 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Trematode larvae (metacercariae) causing black spot disease occur frequently in gills, fins, skin and the superficial muscle layers of marine fish. Species within the genus Cryptocotyle Lühe, 1899 are frequently associated with this disease. Descriptions of the metacercarial stage are relatively limited and none has hitherto been reported from fish from the English Channel. The present study reports the morphological and molecular identifications of encysted black spot-inducing parasites from whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) caught respectively from the north coast of France (English Channel) and from Danish sea waters. Metacercariae were characterised morphologically based on microscopic observations and molecularly using Sanger sequencing of fragments of the mitochondrial cox1 gene and rDNA ITS region. Morphological data were compared with available data in the literature. Phylogenetic trees including reference sequences were built to confirm morphological and molecular identifications. This survey constitutes the first description of C. lingua metacercariae in the English Channel ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Duflot
- Laboratory for Food Safety, ANSES, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.,University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Mélanie Gay
- Laboratory for Food Safety, ANSES, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.
| | | | - Per Walter Kania
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Kurt Buchmann
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Gryadunova A, Kasamkattil J, Gay M, Dasen B, Pelttari K, Mironov V, Martin I, Schaeren S, Barbero A, Krupkova O, Mehrkens A. Spheroids derived from human nasal chondrocytes for nucleus pulposus repair. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921002930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dupouy-Camet J, Gay M, Houin R. [New eating habits, new parasitic risks: The example of fish]. Bull Acad Natl Med 2020; 204:1010-1016. [PMID: 33078025 PMCID: PMC7550275 DOI: 10.1016/j.banm.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In the past decades, the massive explosion of "Japanese" restaurants serving raw fish popularised new culinary habits in France. At the same time, consumers have made a habit of preparing raw or pickled fish dishes themselves at home. As a result, the identification of live parasitic worm larvae in raw fish flesh is common and a source of concern for professionals or amateur cooks. Sometimes, these worms are spit out or removed after fibroscopy in patients developing severe epigastric pain quickly after eating raw fish. This paper is aiming at having a quick review of the main parasites transmitted to humans by eating raw fish in France. Methods This article is based on the personal experience of the authors, on references preferentially from the French literature and on the results of the Fish Parasites (ANR) research program. Results From 2011 to 2014, Fish-Parasites (ANR) assessed the prevalence of parasitism in sea and freshwater fish belonging to 29 species. About 57% of sea fish were parasitised by Anisakidae. Larvae of Dibothriocephalus latus were found in pike, perch, and burbot in Lake Geneva but in none of the fish examined from Annecy or Le Bourget lakes. Concerning human anisakidosis, a retrospective survey was carried out in the years 2010 to 2014 among all medical parasitology laboratories from university hospitals in France. Thirty-seven cases of anisakidosis have been reported, including 18 cases of allergic anisakidosis. Six additional cases of severe Anisakidae allergy were reported to the National Allergovigilance Network over the same period. Conclusions Despite the increase in consumption of raw fish, and compared to previous studies, cases of anisakidosis are decreasing, but their allergenic potential is increasing. The incidence of dibothriocephalosis, after some trend of emergence on the shores of Lake Geneva some 20 years ago, is currently decreasing, but sporadic cases of importation are still reported. Actions with professionals (investigation, providing of information) and research programs on management of parasitic risk control are being pursued and have resulted in an update of the technical instruction of the French General Directorate for Food on the control of parasitic risk in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dupouy-Camet
- Professeur Émérite, faculté de médecine de l'université de Paris, 15, rue de l'école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - M Gay
- Chef d'unité adjoint, ANSES, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - R Houin
- Professeur honoraire, faculté de médecine de Créteil, ancien président de l'Académie vétérinaire de France, Créteil, France
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Gantois N, Lamot A, Seesao Y, Creusy C, Li LL, Monchy S, Benamrouz-Vanneste S, Karpouzopoulos J, Bourgain JL, Rault C, Demaret F, Baydoun M, Chabé M, Fréalle E, Aliouat-Denis CM, Gay M, Certad G, Viscogliosi E. First Report on the Prevalence and Subtype Distribution of Blastocystis sp. in Edible Marine Fish and Marine Mammals: A Large Scale-Study Conducted in Atlantic Northeast and on the Coasts of Northern France. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030460. [PMID: 32213897 PMCID: PMC7144014 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Blastocystis is frequently identified in humans and animal hosts and exhibits a large genetic diversity with the identification of 17 subtypes (STs). Despite its zoonotic potential, its prevalence and ST distribution in edible marine fish and marine mammals remain unknown. A large-scale survey was thus conducted by screening 345 fish caught in Atlantic Northeast and 29 marine mammals stranded on the coasts of northern France for the presence of the parasite using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR. The prevalence of the parasite was about 3.5% in marine fish. These animals were mostly colonized by poikilotherm-derived isolates not identified in humans and corresponding to potential new STs, indicating that fish are natural hosts of Blastocystis. Marine fishes are also carriers of human STs and represent a likely limited source of zoonotic transmission. 13.8% of the marine mammals tested were colonized and 6 different STs were identified including 3 potential new STs. The risk of zoonotic transmission through marine mammals is insignificant due to the lack of repeated contact with humans. The present survey represents the first data regarding the prevalence and ST distribution of Blastocystis in marine fish and marine mammals and provides new insights into its genetic diversity, host range and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausicaa Gantois
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
| | - Angélique Lamot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
| | - Yuwalee Seesao
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Food Safety, F-62200 Boulogne-sur-mer, France; (Y.S.); (L.-L.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Colette Creusy
- Service d’Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l’Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Luen-Luen Li
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Food Safety, F-62200 Boulogne-sur-mer, France; (Y.S.); (L.-L.L.); (M.G.)
- Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930 Wimereux, France;
| | - Sébastien Monchy
- Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930 Wimereux, France;
| | - Sadia Benamrouz-Vanneste
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biodiversité, Faculté de Gestion Economie et Sciences, Institut Catholique de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jacky Karpouzopoulos
- Coordination Mammalogique du Nord de la France, Groupe Mammifères Marins, F-62850 Alembon, France; (J.K.); (J.-L.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Jean-Luc Bourgain
- Coordination Mammalogique du Nord de la France, Groupe Mammifères Marins, F-62850 Alembon, France; (J.K.); (J.-L.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Célia Rault
- Coordination Mammalogique du Nord de la France, Groupe Mammifères Marins, F-62850 Alembon, France; (J.K.); (J.-L.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Fabien Demaret
- Observatoire PELAGIS - UMS 3462, La Rochelle Université/CNRS, F-17000 La Rochelle, France;
| | - Martha Baydoun
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
| | - Magali Chabé
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
| | - Emilie Fréalle
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
| | - Cécile-Marie Aliouat-Denis
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
| | - Mélanie Gay
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Laboratory for Food Safety, F-62200 Boulogne-sur-mer, France; (Y.S.); (L.-L.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Gabriela Certad
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l’Innovation, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l’Institut Catholique de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eric Viscogliosi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (A.L.); (S.B.-V.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (E.F.); (C.-M.A.-D.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Certad G, Follet J, Gantois N, Hammouma-Ghelboun O, Guyot K, Benamrouz-Vanneste S, Fréalle E, Seesao Y, Delaire B, Creusy C, Even G, Verrez-Bagnis V, Ryan U, Gay M, Aliouat-Denis C, Viscogliosi E. Prevalence, Molecular Identification, and Risk Factors for Cryptosporidium Infection in Edible Marine Fish: A Survey Across Sea Areas Surrounding France. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1037. [PMID: 31156581 PMCID: PMC6530514 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium, a zoonotic pathogen, is able to infect a wide range of hosts including wild and domestic animals, and humans. Although it is well known that some parasites are both fish pathogens and recognized agents of zoonosis with a public health impact, little information is available concerning the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in wild aquatic environments. To evaluate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in commercially important edible marine fish in different European seas (English channel, North sea, Bay of Biscay, Celtic sea and Mediterranean sea), 1,853 specimens were collected as part of two surveys. Nested PCR followed by sequence analysis at the 18S rRNA gene locus was used to identify Cryptosporidium spp. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in sampled fish reached 2.3% (35 out of 1,508) in a first campaign and 3.2% (11 out of 345) in a second campaign. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of positive samples identified Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 10) and seven genotypes which exhibited between 7.3 and 10.1% genetic distance from C. molnari, with the exception of one genotype which exhibited only 0.5–0.7% genetic distance from C. molnari. Among 31 analyzed fish species, 11 (35.5%) were identified as potential hosts for Cryptosporidium. A higher prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was observed in larger fish, in fish collected during the spring-summer period, and in those caught in the North East Atlantic. Pollachius virens (saithe) was the most frequently Cryptosporidium positive species. In fish infected by other parasites, the risk of being Cryptosporidium positive increased 10-fold (OR: 9.95, CI: 2.32–40.01.04, P = 0.0002). Four gp60 subtypes were detected among the C. parvum positive samples: IIaA13G1R1, IIaA15G2R1, IIaA17G2R1, and IIaA18G3R1. These C. parvum subtypes have been previously detected in terrestrial mammals and may constitute an additional source of infection for other animals and in particular for humans. Microscopical examination of histological sections confirmed the presence of round bodies suggestive of the development of C. parvum within digestive glands. We report herein the first epidemiological and molecular data concerning the detection of Cryptosporidium in edible marine fish in European seas surrounding France broadening its host range and uncovering potential novel infection routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Certad
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'innovation, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jérôme Follet
- ISA-YNCREA Hauts-de-France, Lille, France.,CNRS, ISEN, UMR 8520 - IEMN, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nausicaa Gantois
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Karine Guyot
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sadia Benamrouz-Vanneste
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Laboratoire Ecologie et Biodiversité, Faculté de Gestion Economie et Sciences, Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Emilie Fréalle
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Yuwalee Seesao
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Baptiste Delaire
- Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Colette Creusy
- Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gaël Even
- Gènes Diffusion, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Verrez-Bagnis
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Ecosystèmes Microbiens et Molécules Marines pour les Biotechnologies, Nantes, France
| | - Una Ryan
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mélanie Gay
- Laboratory for Food Safety, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Boulogne-sur-mer, France
| | - Cécile Aliouat-Denis
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Eric Viscogliosi
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
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Deniel L, Gay M, Galacho DP, Baudot C, Bramerie L, Ozolins O, Boeuf F, Vivien L, Peucheret C, Marris-Morini D. DAC-less PAM-4 generation in the O-band using a silicon Mach-Zehnder modulator. Opt Express 2019; 27:9740-9748. [PMID: 31045123 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.009740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate 20-Gb/s 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) signal generation using a silicon Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) in the O-band. The modulator is driven by two independent binary streams, and the PAM-4 signal is thus generated directly on the chip, avoiding the use of power-hungry digital-to-analog converters (DACs). With optimized amplitude levels of the binary signals applied to the two arms of the MZM, a pre-forward error correction (FEC) bit-error rate (BER) as low as 7.6 × 10-7 is obtained. In comparison with a commercially available LiNbO3 modulator, the penalty is only 2 dB at the KP4 FEC threshold of 2.2 × 10-4.
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Gay M, Goldwag J, Brugh V, McCammon K. 025 Conservative Management of Testicular Abscesses with Oral Antibiotics: Report of a Case Series. J Sex Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bonnin-Jusserand M, Copin S, Le Bris C, Brauge T, Gay M, Brisabois A, Grard T, Midelet-Bourdin G. Vibrio species involved in seafood-borne outbreaks (Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus): Review of microbiological versus recent molecular detection methods in seafood products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:597-610. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1384715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryse Bonnin-Jusserand
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, convention ANSES, EA 7394 – ICV – Institut Charles Viollette, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- INRA, France
- Univ. Lille, Lille, France
- ISA, Lille, France
- Univ. Artois, Arras, France
| | - Stéphanie Copin
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Cédric Le Bris
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, convention ANSES, EA 7394 – ICV – Institut Charles Viollette, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Thomas Brauge
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Mélanie Gay
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Anne Brisabois
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Thierry Grard
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, convention ANSES, EA 7394 – ICV – Institut Charles Viollette, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Graziella Midelet-Bourdin
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
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Morel H, Raynard B, Dixmier A, Asselain B, Debieuvre D, Badour K, Perrus G, Gay M, Dion P, Lierman Y, Rangasamy R, De Groote E, Grivaux M. Étude KBP-2010-CPHG : valeur pronostique de l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) au diagnostic dans le cancer bronchique primitif (CBP). Rev Mal Respir 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2015.10.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Norton C, Czuber-Dochan W, Bassett P, Berliner S, Bredin F, Darvell M, Forbes A, Gay M, Ream E, Terry H. Assessing fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease: comparison of three fatigue scales. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 42:203-11. [PMID: 25989464 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is commonly reported by patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), both in quiescent and active disease. Few fatigue scales have been tested in IBD. AIM To assess three fatigue assessment scales in IBD and to determine correlates of fatigue. METHODS Potential participants (n = 2131) were randomly selected from an IBD organisation's members' database; 605 volunteered and were posted three fatigue scales: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Fatigue scale, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory and Multidimensional Assessment Fatigue scale and questionnaires assessing anxiety, depression, quality of life (QoL) and IBD activity. The questionnaires were tested for stability over time with another group (n = 70) of invited participants. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Four hundred and sixty-five of 605 (77%) questionnaires were returned; of 70 invited, 48/70 returned test (68.6%) and 41/70 (58.6%) returned retest. The three scales are highly correlated (P < 0.001). Test-retest suggests reasonable agreement with ICC values between 0.65 and 0.84. Lower age, female gender, IBD diagnosis, anxiety, depression and QoL were associated with fatigue (P < 0.001) on univariable analysis. However, on multivariable analysis only depression and low QoL were consistently associated with fatigue, while female gender was associated on most scales. IBD diagnosis, age and other factors were not consistently associated with severity or impact of fatigue once other variables were controlled for. CONCLUSIONS All three fatigue scales are likely to measure IBD fatigue adequately. Responsiveness to change has not been tested. Depression, poorer QoL and probably female gender are the major associations of fatigue in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Norton
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK
| | - W Czuber-Dochan
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - F Bredin
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Trust, King's Lynn, UK
| | - M Darvell
- Crohn's and Colitis UK, St Albans, UK
| | - A Forbes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - M Gay
- Crohn's and Colitis UK, St Albans, UK
| | - E Ream
- School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - H Terry
- Crohn's and Colitis UK, St Albans, UK
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13
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Robert-Pillot A, Copin S, Himber C, Gay M, Quilici ML. Occurrence of the three major Vibrio species pathogenic for human in seafood products consumed in France using real-time PCR. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 189:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Seesao Y, Audebert C, Verrez-Bagnis V, Merlin S, Jérôme M, Viscogliosi E, Dei-Cas E, Aliouat-Denis CM, Gay M. Monitoring of four DNA extraction methods upstream of high-throughput sequencing of Anisakidae nematodes. J Microbiol Methods 2014; 102:69-72. [PMID: 24845469 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Different methods were evaluated to extract DNA from pooled nematodes belonging to Anisakis, Contracaecum, Pseudoterranova and Hysterothylacium genera isolated from edible fish. Pooled DNA extraction is the first and compulsory step to allow the identification of a large number of samples through high-throughput DNA sequencing with drastic time and cost reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Seesao
- ANSES, Lab. Sécurité des Aliments, Dept Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-mer, France; Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, Inserm U1019, Univ. Lille Nord de France, France
| | - C Audebert
- Gènes Diffusion, Douai, France; PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
| | | | - S Merlin
- Gènes Diffusion, Douai, France; PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
| | | | - E Viscogliosi
- Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, Inserm U1019, Univ. Lille Nord de France, France
| | - E Dei-Cas
- Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, Inserm U1019, Univ. Lille Nord de France, France
| | - C M Aliouat-Denis
- Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, Inserm U1019, Univ. Lille Nord de France, France.
| | - M Gay
- ANSES, Lab. Sécurité des Aliments, Dept Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-mer, France
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15
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Lengle K, Nguyen TN, Gay M, Bramerie L, Simon JC, Bazin A, Raineri F, Raj R. Modulation contrast optimization for wavelength conversion of a 20 Gbit/s data signal in hybrid InP/SOI photonic crystal nanocavity. Opt Lett 2014; 39:2298-301. [PMID: 24978977 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.002298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystal cavity-based switching is studied both theoretically and experimentally in order to identify the best configuration to maximize "wavelength conversion" efficiency. In particular, it is shown that an enhanced contrast can be reached when the probe is blueshifted with respect to the resonance. The use of an InP/SOI hybrid photonic crystal nanocavity is reported for the first time for all-optical error-free "wavelength conversion" at 20 Gbit/s with a nonreturn to zero on-off keying signal.
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16
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Dupouy-Camet J, Gay M, Bourgau O, Nouchi A, Léger E, Dei-Cas E. [Oesophageal localization: a rare complication of anisakidosis due to Pseudoterranova]. Presse Med 2013; 43:81-3. [PMID: 23727011 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mélanie Gay
- ANSES, laboratoire de sécurité des aliments, site de Boulogne sur Mer, 62200 Boulogne sur Mer, France
| | - Odile Bourgau
- ANSES, laboratoire de sécurité des aliments, site de Boulogne sur Mer, 62200 Boulogne sur Mer, France
| | - Agathe Nouchi
- CHU Cochin, laboratoire de parasitologie, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Elsa Léger
- CHU Cochin, laboratoire de parasitologie, 75014 Paris, France
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17
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Copin S, Robert-Pillot A, Malle P, Quilici ML, Gay M. Evaluation of most-probable-number-PCR method with internal amplification control for the counting of total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in frozen shrimps. J Food Prot 2012; 75:150-3. [PMID: 22221369 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The most-probable-number (MPN) method is often time-consuming for the isolation, detection, and quantification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from natural sources. MPN counting of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria usually involves the isolation of typical V. parahaemolyticus colonies on selective medium, with subsequent confirmation by biochemical identification. In this study, we evaluated the use of a PCR on MPN enrichment cultures (MPN-PCR) for the direct detection of total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus cells in frozen shrimp. This reaction targeted the R72H, tdh, and trh sequences. An internal amplification control was added to the samples before R72H amplification. There was an excellent correlation between the results of the two methods for artificially inoculated and natural shrimp samples. Of 36 natural samples, 28 tested positive for the presence of V. parahaemolyticus, with an MPN value of 2 × 10(-1) to 9.2 × 10(1) per g. No pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus cells were detected. The test had a detection limit of one V. parahaemolyticus organism per g and was completed within two working days. These results support the use of the combination of PCR with MPN for the detection of total or potentially pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus cells in frozen shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Copin
- Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Laboratoire des Produits de la Pêche, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.
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18
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Muixí L, Gay M, Muñoz-Torres PM, Guitart C, Cedano J, Abian J, Alvarez I, Jaraquemada D. The peptide-binding motif of HLA-DR8 shares important structural features with other type 1 diabetes-associated alleles. Genes Immun 2011; 12:504-12. [PMID: 21654843 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2011.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the peptide-binding motif of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II HLA-DR8 molecule included in the type 1 diabetes-associated haplotype DRB1(*)0801-DQA1(*)0401/DQB1(*)0402 (DR8-DQ4), and compare it with that of other diabetes-associated MHC class II alleles; DR8-bound peptides were eluted from an HLA-DR homozygous lymphoblastoid cell line. The repertoire was characterized by peptide sequencing using a LTQ ion trap mass spectrometer coupled to a multidimensional liquid chromatography system. After validation of the spectra identification, the definition of the HLA-DR8 peptide-binding motif was achieved from the analysis of 486 natural ligands, based on serial alignments of all possible HLA-DR-binding cores. The DR8 motif showed a strong similarity with the peptide-binding motifs of other MHC class II diabetes-associated alleles, HLA-DQ8 and H-2 I-A(g7). Similar to HLA-DQ8 and H-2 I-A(g7), HLA-DR8 preferentially binds peptides with an acidic residue at position P9 of the binding core, indicating that DR8 is the susceptibility component of the DR8-DQ4 haplotype. Indeed, some DR8 peptides were identical to peptides previously identified as DQ8- or I-A(g7) ligands, and several diabetes-specific peptides associated with DQ8 or I-A(g7) could theoretically bind to HLA-DR8. These data further strengthen the association of HLA-DR8 with type I diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Muixí
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Immunology Unit, Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Prieto N, Gay M, Vidal S, Aagaard O, de Saja JA, Rodriguez-Mendez ML. Analysis of the influence of the type of closure in the organoleptic characteristics of a red wine by using an electronic panel. Food Chem 2011; 129:589-594. [PMID: 30634272 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An electronic panel formed by an electronic nose, an electronic tongue and an electronic eye has been successfully used to evaluate the organoleptic characteristics of red wines vinified using different extraction techniques and micro-oxygenation methods and bottled using closures of different oxygen transmission rates (OTR). The three systems have demonstrated a good capability of discrimination by means of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) has permitted to establish prediction models based on the type of closure, the polyphenol content or the effect of micro-oxygenation. The best correlations found using the e-eye and the e-nose are related to the OTR of the closure. In contrast, the electronic tongue is more sensitive to the polyphenol content. The discrimination and prediction capabilities of the system are significantly improved when signals from each module are combined. The electronic panel can be a useful tool for the characterisation and control of oxygen and antioxidant capability of red wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prieto
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, University of Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - M Gay
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, University of Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Unidad Asociada Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Spain
| | - S Vidal
- Nomacorc, ZI Les Plénesses, 7 Chemin de Xhénorie, 4890 Thimister Clermont, Belgium
| | - O Aagaard
- Nomacorc, ZI Les Plénesses, 7 Chemin de Xhénorie, 4890 Thimister Clermont, Belgium
| | - J A de Saja
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Unidad Asociada Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Spain
| | - M L Rodriguez-Mendez
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Unidad Asociada Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, CSIC, Spain.
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20
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Slobounov SM, Gay M, Zhang K, Johnson B, Pennell D, Sebastianelli W, Horovitz S, Hallett M. Alteration of brain functional network at rest and in response to YMCA physical stress test in concussed athletes: RsFMRI study. Neuroimage 2011; 55:1716-27. [PMID: 21255654 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is still controversy in the literature whether a single episode of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) results in short- and/or long-term functional and structural deficits in the concussed brain. With the inability of traditional brain imaging techniques to properly assess the severity of brain damage induced by a concussive blow, there is hope that more advanced applications such as resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsFMRI) will be more specific in accurately diagnosing mTBI. In this rsFMRI study, we examined 17 subjects 10±2 days post-sports-related mTBI and 17 age-matched normal volunteers (NVs) to investigate the possibility that the integrity of the resting state brain network is disrupted following a single concussive blow. We hypothesized that advanced brain imaging techniques may reveal subtle alterations of functional brain connections in asymptomatic mTBI subjects. There are several findings of interest. All mTBI subjects were asymptomatic based upon clinical evaluation and neuropsychological (NP) assessments prior to the MRI session. The mTBI subjects revealed a disrupted functional network both at rest and in response to the YMCA physical stress test. Specifically, interhemispheric connectivity was significantly reduced in the primary visual cortex, hippocampal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex networks (p<0.05). The YMCA physical stress induced nonspecific and similar changes in brain network connectivity patterns in both the mTBI and NV groups. These major findings are discussed in relation to underlying mechanisms, clinical assessment of mTBI, and current debate regarding functional brain connectivity in a clinical population. Overall, our major findings clearly indicate that functional brain alterations in the acute phase of injury are overlooked when conventional clinical and neuropsychological examinations are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Slobounov
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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21
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Rodríguez-Méndez M, Gay M, Apetrei C, De Saja J. Biogenic amines and fish freshness assessment using a multisensor system based on voltammetric electrodes. Comparison between CPE and screen-printed electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Maguire PJ, Roncin V, O'Hare A, Reid D, Lobo S, Gay M, Bramerie L, Barry LP, Simon JC. Characterisation of an optical clock recovery method based on a mode-locked laser diode using spectrographic pulse measurement. Opt Express 2008; 16:10933-10942. [PMID: 18648407 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.010933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As channels rates in optical networks are expected to exceed 100 Gb/s in the near future, new optical techniques for clock recovery will have to be developed for optical regeneration. This paper describes an optical clock recovery method based on a mode-locked laser diode. Experimental results show that a 42 GHz high quality optical clock can be retrieved from a 170 Gb/s OTDM data signal. Chirp transfer between the incident signal and the recovered clock signal is investigated using the SHG-FROG method. Results demonstrate that this clock recovery technique is invariant to input dispersion varying between +/-75 ps/nm, making it ideal for use in 3R regenerators.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Maguire
- Research Institute for Networks and Communications Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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23
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Rodríguez-Méndez ML, Parra V, Apetrei C, Villanueva S, Gay M, Prieto N, Martinez J, de Saja JA. Electronic tongue based on voltammetric electrodes modified with materials showing complementary electroactive properties. Applications. Mikrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-007-0907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Fiszman P, Berra P, Ducamp A, Gay M, Gouzer D, Hochart G, Castel-Tallet A, Lorenzo P, Tellier V, Berghmans L. P9-5 - Une géographie de la mortalité dans un espace transfrontalier franco-belge (NHANA). Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0398-7620(06)76929-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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25
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Roux FL, Goubet A, Thompson FL, Faury N, Gay M, Swings J, Saulnier D. Vibrio gigantis sp. nov., isolated from the haemolymph of cultured oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2005; 55:2251-2255. [PMID: 16280478 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.63666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphasic analysis of four new Vibrio isolates originating from the haemolymph of diseased cultured oysters is described. The new isolates were closely related to Vibrio splendidus, having 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB), RNA polymerase σ
70 factor (rpoD), replication origin-binding protein (rctB) and transmembrane regulatory protein (toxR) genes, fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism and DNA–DNA hybridization experiments clearly showed that the new isolates form a tight genomic group that is different from the currently known Vibrio species. It is proposed that these new isolates should be accommodated in a novel species, Vibrio gigantis sp. nov. Phenotypic features that differentiate V. gigantis from other known Vibrio species include arginine dihydrolase, gelatinase and β-galactosidase activities, NO2 production, growth at 35 °C, and utilization of sucrose, melibiose, amygdalin, glycerol, galactose, starch and glycogen. The type strain is LGP 13T (=LMG 22741T=CIP 108656T).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Le Roux
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - A Goubet
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - F L Thompson
- Laboratory for Microbiology and BCCMTM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Laboratory for Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - N Faury
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - M Gay
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - J Swings
- Laboratory for Microbiology and BCCMTM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Laboratory for Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - D Saulnier
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
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Losa F, Mesia C, Domenech M, Heras L, Español I, Perez-Oleguer J, Miguel A, Gay M, Martínez V, Janártz J. P-527 Phase II trial of sequential treatment with cisplatin-gemcitabinefollowed by weekly paclitaxel in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)81020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gay M, Renault T, Pons AM, Le Roux F. Two vibrio splendidus related strains collaborate to kill Crassostrea gigas: taxonomy and host alterations. Dis Aquat Organ 2004; 62:65-74. [PMID: 15648832 DOI: 10.3354/dao062065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
For several years, strains phenotypically related to Vibrio splendidus have been associated with mortality outbreaks of molluscs. A former study on Crassostrea gigas demonstrated the genetic diversity of V. splendidus strains associated with diseased animals. Another study suggested that different strains may act in an additive/synergistic way leading to higher C. gigas mortality rates. Here, a strain pair (31+32) was characterised at taxonomic and virulence levels. Using a polyphasic approach, these strains were confirmed to be V. splendidus-related, without a clear discrimination between V. kanaloae and V. pomeroyi since hybridisation rates with both these strains were above 70 %. Following experimental infection of C. gigas by injection in the adductor muscle or in the pallial cavity, the host alterations induced were described. After injection of strains 31 and/or 32, bacteria were localised at the periphery of the muscle and induced extensive lesions of the translucent part of the adductor muscle. Muscle alterations were of 3 kinds: (1) presence of isolated rounded muscular fibres containing non-homogenous granular material and surrounded by a translucent halo; (2) presence of non-homogenous granular material in the cytoplasm of entire muscle bands; (3) affection of wide muscle areas with extremely condensed muscle fibres. Infiltration associated with these lesions was notably absent in the vast majority of the individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Gay
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), 17390 La Tremblade, France
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Faury N, Saulnier D, Thompson FL, Gay M, Swings J, Roux FL. Vibrio crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from the haemolymph of oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:2137-2140. [PMID: 15545447 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.63232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphasic analysis of five new Vibrio isolates originating from the haemolymph of diseased cultured oysters is described. The new isolates were closely related to Vibrio splendidus, having 98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. gyrB phylogenetic analysis, fluorescent amplified-fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) fingerprinting and DNA–DNA hybridization experiments clearly showed that the new isolates form a tight genomic group that is different from the currently known Vibrio species. It is proposed to accommodate these isolates in a novel species, Vibrio crassostreae sp. nov. (type strain LGP 7T=LMG 22240T=CIP 108327T). Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic features that differentiate V. crassostreae from other known Vibrio species include arginine dihydrolase, utilization and fermentation of various carbon sources, β-galactosidase activity, NO2 production and the presence of the fatty acids 14 : 0 iso and 16 : 0 iso.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Faury
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - D Saulnier
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - F L Thompson
- Laboratory for Microbiology and BCCMTM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Laboratory for Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - M Gay
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
| | - J Swings
- Laboratory for Microbiology and BCCMTM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Laboratory for Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - F Le Roux
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), 17390 La Tremblade, France
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Gay M, Berthe FCJ, Le Roux F. Screening of Vibrio isolates to develop an experimental infection model in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Dis Aquat Organ 2004; 59:49-56. [PMID: 15212292 DOI: 10.3354/dao059049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to develop a reproducible experimental model of bacterial infection in Crassostrea gigas, oysters taken from very localised sub-populations suffering natural mortality outbreaks were used in cohabitation trials under laboratory conditions. From these trials, a collection of Vibrio strains was isolated from moribund and healthy oysters. In a second step, strains were experimentally tested for virulence by means of injection into healthy oysters. This screening revealed a span of virulence among isolated strains from none to medium. When pooling injected strains, results suggest increased virulence. Vibrio strains may have additive/synergistic action leading to higher C. gigas mortality rates in experimental challenges. Although the study initially aimed to develop a simple experimental model, a complex of interactions emerged between several bacterial strains during the pathogenic process in their molluscan host. Selected strains provide a suitable model of experimental disease for further studies and better understanding of bacterial interaction and pathogenesis in C. gigas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Gay
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (IFREMER), 17390 La Tremblade, France
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Le Roux F, Gay M, Lambert C, Nicolas JL, Gouy M, Berthe F. Phylogenetic study and identification of Vibrio splendidus-related strains based on gyrB gene sequences. Dis Aquat Organ 2004; 58:143-150. [PMID: 15109135 DOI: 10.3354/dao058143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Different strains related to Vibrio splendidus have been associated with infection of aquatic animals. An epidemiological study of V. splendidus strains associated with Crassostrea gigas mortalities demonstrated genetic diversity within this group and suggested its polyphyletic nature. Recently 4 species, V. lentus, V. chagasii, V. pomeroyi and V. kanaloae, phenotypically related to V. splendidus, have been described, although biochemical methods do not clearly discriminate species within this group. Here, we propose a polyphasic approach to investigate their taxonomic relationships. Phylogenetic analysis of V. splendidus-related strains was carried out using the nucleotide sequences of 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) and gyrase B subunit (gyrB) genes. Species delineation based on 16S rDNA-sequencing is limited because of divergence between cistrons, roughly equivalent to divergence between strains. Despite a high level of sequence similarity, strains were separated into 2 clades. In the phylogenetic tree constructed on the basis of gyrB gene sequences, strains were separated into 5 independent clusters containing V. splendidus, V. lentus, V. chagasii-type strains and a putative new genomic species. This phylogenetic grouping was almost congruent with that based on DNA-DNA hybridisation analysis. V. pomeroyi, V. kanaloae and V. tasmaniensis-type strains clustered together in a fifth clade. The gyrB gene-sequencing approach is discussed as an alternative for investigating the taxonomy of Vibrio species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredérique Le Roux
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie, Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer, 17390 La Tremblade, France.
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Helloin E, Bouttefroy A, Gay M, Phan Thanh L. Impact of preheating on the behavior of Listeria monocytogenes in a broth that mimics Camembert cheese composition. J Food Prot 2003; 66:265-71. [PMID: 12597487 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-66.2.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The effect of preheating on the survival of L. monocytogenes in Richard's broth, which mimics the composition of Camembert cheese composition, was examined. Experiments were carried out to reproduce contamination of cheese with environmental heat-stressed cells of L. monocytogenes surviving hot-cleaning procedures. Cells in mid-log phase were heated for 30 min at 56 degrees C before being inoculated into Richard's broth. The pHs and temperatures of Richard's broth were chosen to recreate the conditions of curd dripping (pH 5, 25 degrees C), of the beginning of cheese ripening (pH 5, 12 degrees C), and of the beginning (pH 5, 4 degrees C) and the end (pH 7, 4 degrees C) of cheese storage. Immediately after heat treatment, the viability loss was especially high for strain 306715, which exhibited only 0.6% +/- 0.2% survival, compared with 22% +/- 8.7% for strain EGD. The percentages of the surviving heated cells that were injured were 93% +/- 8% for strain 306715 and 98% +/- 3% for strain EGD. The destruction of the surviving L. monocytogenes cells was accelerated when they encountered the pH and temperature conditions of Camembert cheese during manufacturing, ripening, and cold storage (pH 5 at 25, 12, and 4 degrees C, respectively). The multiplication of the surviving heated cells was retarded under favorable growth conditions similar to those of storage by the distributor and the consumer (pH 7 at 4 and 12 degrees C, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Helloin
- Association ASEPT, BP 2047, 53020 Laval cedex 9, France
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32
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Garin B, Aïdara A, Spiegel A, Arrive P, Bastaraud A, Cartel JL, Aissa RB, Duval P, Gay M, Gherardi C, Gouali M, Karou TG, Kruy SL, Soares JL, Mouffok F, Ravaonindrina N, Rasolofonirina N, Pham MT, Wouafo M, Catteau M, Mathiot C, Mauclere P, Rocourt J. Multicenter study of street foods in 13 towns on four continents by the food and environmental hygiene study group of the international network of pasteur and associated institutes. J Food Prot 2002; 65:146-52. [PMID: 11808786 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-65.1.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An international multicenter study of ready-to-eat foods, sandwiches, and ice creams or sorbets sold in the streets and their vendors was carried out to assess the microbiological quality of these foods and to identify characteristics of the vendors possibly associated with pathogens. Thirteen towns in Africa, America, Asia, and Oceania were involved in the study. A single protocol was used in all 13 centers: representative sampling was by random selection of vendors and a sample of foods bought from each of these vendors at a time and date selected at random. Microbiological analyses were carried out using standardized Association Française de Normalisation methods, and the use of a standardized questionnaire to collect data concerning the characteristics of the vendors. Fifteen surveys were carried out, with 3,003 food samples from 1,268 vendors. The proportion of unsatisfactory food samples was between 12.7 and 82.9% for ice creams and sorbets and between 11.3 and 92% for sandwiches. For ice creams and sorbets, the sale of a large number of units (>80 per day) increased the risk of unsatisfactory food by a factor of 2.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5 to 5.1), lack of training in food hygiene by 6.6 (95% CI: 1.1 to 50). and by a factor of 2.8 (95% CI: 1.4 to 5.4) for mobile vendors. These risk factors were not identified for sandwiches, this difference may be due to the presence of a cooking step in their preparation. These results show that the poor microbiological quality of these street foods constitutes a potential hazard to public health, that the extent of this hazard varies between the cities studied, and that vendors' health education in food safety is a crucial factor in the prevention of foodborne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Garin
- Pasteur Institute in Noumea, New Caledonia.
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Gay M, Okamura B, de Kinkelin P. Evidence that infectious stages of Tetracapsula bryosalmonae for rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss are present throughout the year. Dis Aquat Organ 2001; 46:31-40. [PMID: 11592700 DOI: 10.3354/dao046031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is a hyperplastic condition of the lymphoid tissue of salmonids infected with the spores of Tetracapsula bryosalmonae, a myxozoan parasite formerly designated PKX, which has recently been described as a parasite of several species of bryozoans. The occurrence of PKD is generally associated with seasonal increase in water temperature, with research indicating that transmission of the disease does not occur below 12 to 13 degrees C. This suggested that the infectious stages are absent from about November to March/April. Here we document the transmission of PKD at water temperatures and seasons previously considered to be non permissive for PKD infection. The exposure of naive rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) to PKD-infected water ranging from 8 to 13 degrees C during the Autumn, Winter and early Spring, resulted in the infection of kidney interstitium once the trout were transferred to 16 degrees C. In addition, cohabitation studies were conducted with the bryozoan host Fredericella sultana collected from a river at times of low seasonal temperatures because this bryozoan species overwinters as living colonies. Cohabitation of trout with colonies of F sultana in parasite-free city water at 16 degrees C, also led to renal lymphoid tissue infection with the parasite and even to nephromegaly. Our results provide evidence that the infectious stages of T bryosalmonae for rainbow trout were present in the water throughout the entire year and that the impact of temperature on the development of PKD is primarily a result of the kinetics of Tetracapsula multiplication in bryozoan and fish hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gay
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Virologie et d'Immunologie Moléculaires, Pathologie Infectieuse et Immunité des Poissons, Jouy en Josas, France
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34
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Pepe PE, Gay M, Cobb LA, Handley AJ, Zaritsky A, Hallstrom A, Hickey RW, Jacobs I, Berg RA, Bircher NG, Zideman DA, de Vos R, Callanan V. Action sequence for layperson cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Ann Emerg Med 2001; 37:S17-25. [PMID: 11290966 DOI: 10.1067/mem.2001.114175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although some minor modifications were forged, the general consensus was to maintain most of the current guidelines for phone first/phone fast, no-assisted-ventilation CPR, the A-B-C (vs C-A-B) sequence of CPR, and the recovery position. The decisions to leave these guidelines as they are were based on a lack of evidence to justify the proposed changes, coupled with a reluctance to make revisions that would require major changes in worldwide educational practices without such evidence.Nonetheless, some major changes were made. The time-honored procedure ol pulse check by lay rescuers was eliminated altogether and replaced with an assessment for other signs of circulation. Likewise, it was recommended that even the professional rescuer now check for these other signs of circulation. Although professional rescuers may simultaneously check for a pulse, they should do so only for a short period of time (within 10 seconds). There was also enthusiasm for deleting the ventilation aspect of EMS dispatcher-assisted CPR instructions that are provided to rescuers at the scene who are inexperienced in CPR. lt was made clear, though, that the data are applicable only to adult patients who are receiving CPR and that the data are appropriate most for EMS systems with rapid response times.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Pepe
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Parkland Health and Hospitals System, Dallas, TX 75390-8579, USA.
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Coluzzi PH, Schwartzberg L, Conroy JD, Charapata S, Gay M, Busch MA, Chavez J, Ashley J, Lebo D, McCracken M, Portenoy RK. Breakthrough cancer pain: a randomized trial comparing oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) and morphine sulfate immediate release (MSIR). Pain 2001; 91:123-30. [PMID: 11240084 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00427-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC); Actiq) is a drug delivery formulation used for management of breakthrough cancer pain. Previous studies with open-label comparisons indicated OTFC was more effective than patients' usual opioid for breakthrough pain. The objective of this study was to compare OTFC and morphine sulfate immediate release (MSIR) for management of breakthrough pain in patients receiving a fixed scheduled opioid regimen. This double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, multiple crossover study was conducted at 19 US university- and community-based hospitals and clinics and comprised 134 adult ambulatory cancer patients. Patients were receiving a fixed scheduled opioid regimen equivalent to 60-1000 mg/day oral morphine or 50-300 microg/h transdermal fentanyl, were using a 'successful' MSIR dose (15-60 mg) as defined by entry criteria, and were experiencing 1-4 episodes of breakthrough pain per day. In open-label fashion, OTFC was titrated such that a single unit (200-1600 microg) provided adequate pain relief with acceptable side effects. Successfully titrated patients entered the double-blind phase of the study and received ten prenumbered sets of randomized capsules and oral transmucosal units. Five sets were the successful OTFC dose paired with placebo capsules, and five sets were placebo OTFC paired with capsules containing the successful MSIR dose. Patients took one set of study medication for each episode of target breakthrough pain. Pain intensity (PI), pain relief (PR) and global performance of medication (GP) scores were recorded. Pain intensity differences (PID) were calculated and 15-min PID was the primary efficacy variable. Adverse events were recorded. Sixty-nine percent of patients (93/134) found a successful dose of OTFC. OTFC yielded outcomes (PI, PID, and PR) at all time points that were significantly better than MSIR. GP also favored OTFC and more patients opted to continue with OTFC than MSIR following the study. Somnolence, nausea, constipation, and dizziness were the most common drug-associated side effects. In conclusion, OTFC was more effective than MSIR in treating breakthrough cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Coluzzi
- The Oncology Center at St. Joseph Medical Plaza, 1140 West LaVeta, Suite 450, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
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Gay M, Enderby JE, Copestake AP. The structure and electronic properties of liquid semiconductors. III. Structural evidence for ionicity in liquid Tl2Te. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/15/22/010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Nguyen VT, Gay M, Enderby JE, Newport RJ, Howe RA. The structure and electrical properties of liquid semiconductors. I. The structure of liquid NiTe2and NiTe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/15/22/008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hedrick RP, McDowell TS, Gay M, Marty GD, Georgiadis MP, MacConnell E. Comparative susceptibility of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and brown trout Salmo trutta to Myxobolus cerebralis, the cause of salmonid whirling disease. Dis Aquat Organ 1999; 37:173-183. [PMID: 10546047 DOI: 10.3354/dao037173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The susceptibility of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and brown trout Salmo trutta to Myxobolus cerebralis, the cause of salmonid whirling disease, was assessed following dosed exposures to the infectious stages (triactinomyxons). Parallel groups of age-matched brown trout and rainbow trout were exposed to 10, 100, 1000 or 10,000 triactinomyxons per fish for 2 h and then placed in aquaria receiving single pass 15 degrees C well water. Severity of infection was evaluated by presence of clinical signs (whirling and/or black tail), prevalence of infection, severity of microscopic lesions, and spore counts 5 mo after exposure. Clinical signs of whirling disease, including a darkened caudal region (black tail) and radical tail chasing swimming (whirling), occurred first among rainbow trout at the highest dose at 6 to 7 wk post exposure. Black tail and whirling occurred among rainbow trout receiving 1000 and 100 triactinomyxons per fish at 8 to 9 wk post exposure. Only 1 of 20 fish had a black tail among rainbow trout receiving 10 triactinomyxons per fish, although 30% of the fish were infected at 5 mo post exposure. Black tails were observed in brown trout at 1000 and 10,000 triactinomyxons per fish beginning at 11 and 7 wk post exposure, respectively. There was no evidence of the tail chasing swimming (whirling) in any group of brown trout. The prevalence of infection, spore numbers, and severity of microscopic lesions due to M. cerebralis among brown trout were less at each exposure dose when compared to rainbow trout. Infections were found among rainbow trout at all doses of exposure but only among brown trout exposed to doses of 100 triactinomyxons per fish or greater. Risk of infection analyses showed that rainbow trout were more apt to be infected at each exposure dose than brown trout. Spore counts reached 1.7 x 10(6) per head among rainbow trout at the highest dose of exposure compared to 1.7 x 10(4) at the same exposure dose among brown trout. Spore numbers increased with dose of exposure in rainbow trout but not in brown trout. As microscopic lesion scores increased from mild to moderate, spore numbers increased in rainbow trout but not brown trout. The mechanisms by which brown trout resist infections with M. cerebralis were not determined. Cellular immune functions, including those of eosinophilic granular leukocytes that were more prominent in brown trout than rainbow trout, may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Hedrick
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
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Abstract
The government has highlighted the importance of reducing inequalities in health and providing an equal and high quality service to all patients. The district nursing service in Wolverhampton monitors the provision of services across the town to ensure high quality care for all patients.
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Abstract
A procedure is presented for constructing the spectral sensitivity functions of biological dosimeters, using five polychromatic UV sources possessing different emission spectra. Phage T7 and uracil biological dosimeters have been used for measuring the dose rates of the lamps. Their spectral sensitivity functions consisting of two exponential terms have been constructed. The parameters of the spectral sensitivity functions have been determined by comparing the directly measured and calculated dose-rate values. The parameters of the sensitivity function are accepted as correct values when the deviation of the measured and calculated values is a minimum. Based on the deviations between the constructed and the experimentally determined spectral sensitivities with monochromatic sources, the differences between the measured and calculated results are interpreted. The importance of the correct spectral sensitivity data is demonstrated through the effectiveness spectra of a TL 01 lamp for phage T7 killing, uracil dimerization and erythema induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Modos
- Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
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42
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The pharmacokinetics of a single dose (15 microg/kg) of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) have been characterized. A range of doses may eventually be used in clinical practice. The goal of this study was to determine if the pharmacokinetics of OTFC are dose proportional for doses ranging from 200 to 1,600 microg. METHODS Twelve healthy male volunteers were studied on four different occasions, receiving 200, 400, 800, and 1,600 microg OTFC in a double-blind, randomized protocol. Venous blood samples were collected at selected times during and after dosing for a 24-h period and assayed for fentanyl using a radioimmunoassay. Maximum concentration, time to maximum concentration, area under the curve, and elimination half-life were determined for each dose administered. In addition, respiratory rate, need for verbal prompting to breathe, and supplemental oxygen requirements were noted. RESULTS Mean fentanyl concentration time curves were similarly shaped with increasing doses. Both peak concentrations and area under the curve increased linearly with an increase in dose, whereas time to reach peak serum concentrations did not vary significantly between doses. Except for the 200-microg dose, the apparent elimination half-life remained relatively constant (358-386 min). The incidence of low respiratory rate, supplemental oxygen requirement, and number of breathing prompts significantly increased with increasing doses. CONCLUSIONS Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate exhibits dose-proportional pharmacokinetics over the dose range of 200-1,600 microg.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Streisand
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84132, USA.
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Howdieshell TR, Gay M, DiPiro JT, Mooney S, Duvall R, Eckles S, Baisden R. Heparin versus citrate regional anticoagulation during autotransfusion in a porcine intra-abdominal hemorrhage model. Am Surg 1997; 63:1014-8. [PMID: 9358794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to determine the effects of anticoagulants and blood loss on hemodynamic, hematologic, and coagulation parameters following autotransfusion in an animal model of intraabdominal hemorrhage. We performed a prospective, randomized observational animal study at an animal research laboratory at a university medical center. Eight Landrace, domestic pigs, weighing 17-23 kg, each underwent jugular venous and iliac arterial catheterization and laparotomy with retroperitoneal dissection for aortic exposure to simulate an operative environment. Following baseline laboratory and hemodynamic determinations, intra-abdominal hemorrhage was accomplished via aortotomy in three sequential 10 mL/kg blood volumes. After allowing pooling in the exposed retroperitoneum to ensure tissue contact, the shed blood was suctioned, processed, and washed in an autotransfusion device utilizing either heparin (n = 4) or acid-citrate-dextrose (n = 4) as a system anticoagulant. Prior to autologous transfusion, each pig received a 20 mL/kg intravenous bolus of 0.9 per cent saline to treat shock. The processed blood was then infused, and laboratory and hemodynamic measurements were repeated following each cycle of hemorrhage and autotransfusion. Sequential fixed volume hemorrhage resulted in significant reductions in mean arterial pressure. Despite crystalloid infusion and transfusion of processed shed blood, postresuscitation mean arterial pressure did not return to baseline values, with no difference noted between anticoagulant groups. Infusion of increasing volumes of autologous blood resulted in significant reductions in hematocrit, platelet count, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, ionized calcium, and total protein. The decrease in concentration of each variable was independent of the choice of anticoagulant with the exception of antithrombin III, with higher levels noted in animals receiving blood anticoagulated with acid-citrate-dextrose. Prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were unaffected by volume of autologous transfusion or choice of anticoagulant. We conclude that changes in hemodynamic, hematologic, and coagulation parameters associated with hemorrhage and autotransfusion appear related more to the volume of blood loss and the cumulative pheresis of plasma than to the choice of anticoagulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Howdieshell
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-4000, USA
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46
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Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogenic bacterium that can be found in soft cheese. At the beginning of cheese ripening, the pH is about 4.85-4.90. The aim of this work was to study the influence of temperature, preincubation temperature (temperature at which the inoculum was cultivated) and initial bacterial concentration on the survival of L. monocytogenes (strain Scott A) at pH 4.8. It was demonstrated in an earlier study that these factors did influence growth kinetics. Survival studies of L. monocytogenes were done in a laboratory broth simulating cheese composition. Four test temperatures (2, 6, 10 and 14 degrees C) and two preincubation temperatures were studied (30 degrees C or the test temperature). Listeria monocytogenes (strain Scott A) was unable to grow at pH 4.8 under all conditions tested. The time for 10% survival was about 11 and 2 d, at 2 degrees C with preincubation at 2 degrees C and 30 degrees C, respectively; 9 d at 6 degrees C with preincubation at 6 degrees C; 4 d at 6 degrees C with preincubation at 30 degrees C; and 1 d at 14 degrees C with preincubation at 14 degrees C or at 30 degrees C. The results show that survival of L. monocytogenes (strain Scott A) at pH 4.8 is not dependent on initial bacterial concentration but on both the test and preincubation temperatures.
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47
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Gay M, North J. The Stonestreet Medical Museum: rural medicine in Montgomery County. Md Med J 1996; 45:856-8. [PMID: 8897780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Gay M, Cerf O, Davey K. Significance of pre-incubation temperature and inoculum concentration on subsequent growth of Listeria monocytogenes at 14°C. J Appl Microbiol 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1996.tb01937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gay M, Cerf O, Davey KR. Significance of pre-incubation temperature and inoculum concentration on subsequent growth of Listeria monocytogenes at 14 degrees C. J Appl Bacteriol 1996; 81:433-8. [PMID: 8896354 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1996.tb03530.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the bacterial concentration of an inoculum (10(1) or 10(3) cfu ml-1) of two strains of Listeria monocytogenes (Scott A: serotype 4b and V7: serotype 1) and one strain of L. innocua (Lin 11), and the time and temperature at which the inoculum was stored (cold storage: 4 degrees C for 4 weeks, or without cold storage: -20 degrees C before immediate transfer), and the temperature at which cells were pre-incubated (30 degrees C and 14 degrees C) on subsequent growth in Richard's broth at 14 degrees C was investigated. Richard's broth at a pH 5.9 was used to simulate potential growth in soft cheese (camembert type) and an incubation temperature of 14 degrees C was used to simulate storage-temperature ripening of cheese. Enumeration of the number of viable cells was by plate count method, except where viable cell numbers were less that 10(3) cfu ml-1, when the MPN (Most Probable Number) technique was used. With cold storage and an inoculum of 10(3) cfu ml-1 (high bacterial concentration) the pre-incubation temperatures (30 degrees C and 14 degrees C) did not significantly influence the subsequent growth curve: there was no significant lag (less that 21 h) and cell numbers peaked in about 8.5 d. However, with cold storage and an inoculum of 10(1) cfu ml-1 (low bacterial concentration) and a pre-incubation temperature of 30 degrees C a significant shift in the growth curve was observed over that pre-incubated at f14 degrees C, with the appearance of a lag of about 7.7 d. At a pre-incubation temperature of 14 degrees C with the low inoculum concentration, there was a measurable lag of about 1 d. Without cold storage and a pre-incubation temperature of 30 degrees C, there was a lag time of 2.3 d. Storage conditions, pre-incubation temperature and inoculum concentration therefore appear to influence the subsequent growth curve. Importantly, however, the growth curves for cultures from inocula, pre-incubated at either 30 degrees C or 14 degrees C, appeared to involve two distinct values of the exponential growth rate (k): the initial portion of the growth curve described by a low value of k and the subsequent portion by a consistently and significantly greater value. The appearance of two distinct growth phases was reproduced in further data determined for all the studied strains of the microorganism. Further study to explain these unexpected and reproducible findings is being conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gay
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Hygiène et des Procédés Alimentaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Massy, France
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Gay M. Children's psychiatric services: crisis or media hype? Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 1992; 48:80-1. [PMID: 1504705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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