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Valadbeigi H, Khoshnood S, Negahdari B, Abdullah MA, Haddadi MH. Antibacterial and Immunoregulatory Effects of Metformin against Helicobacter pylori Infection in Rat Model. Biomed Res Int 2023; 2023:5583286. [PMID: 38192437 PMCID: PMC10774005 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5583286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) induces gastritis by stimulating Th17 cells and related cytokines. The aim of our study was to investigate the synergistic effect of metformin with amoxicillin as an antibiotic in inhibiting H. pylori and modulating the immune response in a rat model. Methods Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups and infected with H. pylori. Over the course of 14 days, all animals were treated with metformin and amoxicillin alone and in combination. The antibacterial activity of metformin was evaluated by growth curves and colony counts. The immunoregulatory effect on Treg/Th17 balance was assessed by flow cytometry, and the cytokine profile of IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β, and IL-10 was determined by ELISA. The effect of metformin on gene expression of cagA and IL-8 was investigated by RT-PCR. Pathological changes were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results Metformin showed weak antibacterial activity against clinically isolated H. pylori. However, the combination of metformin and amoxicillin (AMX) showed strong synergistic antibacterial activity (ΣFIC = 0.24). Compared with AMX, metformin reduced inflammation and tissue damage but resulted in increased bacterial growth. During metformin administration, both TGF-β levels and Treg cells increased dramatically (P = 0.002). In synergy with AMX, metformin decreased the effective dose of antibiotic to eradicate H. pylori. Conclusions The combination of metformin with potential antibiotics such as AMX had a positive effect on the relief of H. pylori-related inflammation by inducing Treg cells while successfully eliminating H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Valadbeigi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- SciCo Science and Technology Center, Mody Rd 62. Yau Tsim Mong District, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Harish CC, Ayed AA, Alhanshani AA, Youssef AA, Esther P, Riyad AAM, Abdullah MA, Anandalakshmi S, Ashish K, Ahmed MAH. Zika virus antibody-positivity among symptomatic/asymptomatic pregnant women in the Aseer region displays pre-exposure to dengue viruses. Trop Biomed 2023; 40:337-343. [PMID: 37897167 DOI: 10.47665/tb.40.3.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Antibody cross-reactivity among flaviviruses is a major limitation in understanding the prevalence without vector control measures. In this study, we investigated the presence of Zika virus (ZIKV)-specific antibodies and the significance of their cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses, which could affect the serological specificity in both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women. Among the results obtained from 217 serum samples tested for ZIKV-specific IgM and IgG, no specific predictions regarding seropositivity or exposure due to extensive cross-reactivity with dengue virus (DENV) serology could be made. Clear-cut positivity was observed in 1.8% (n = 4) and 1.0% (n = 2) for ZIKV IgM and IgG, respectively. The same samples assessed for DENV showed 1.3% (n = 3) seropositivity each for IgM and IgG levels. None of the samples were positive for ZIKV and DENV IgM or IgG. However, one sample (0.4%) tested positive for ZIKV and DENV IgM. No significant correlation was observed between DENV IgM and IgG when comparing the overlapped serotiters. On the other hand, the ZIKV IgG-positive sample showed higher serotiters for DENV IgG, indicating cross-reactivity with ZIKV but without statistical significance. Therefore, screening for the incidence of ZIKV becomes particularly challenging in a population where the presence or pre-exposure to DENV is observed. Our observations further suggest that unless flavivirus prevalence is properly addressed, determining the prevalence of ZIKV antibodies, which may be confounded with other uninvestigated flaviviruses, will be complicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Harish
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Ayed
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Alhanshani
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Youssef
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - P Esther
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A M Riyad
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Abdullah
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Anandalakshmi
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Ashish
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A H Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box: 641, Post Code: 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Khoshnood S, Negahdari B, Kaviar VH, Sadeghifard N, Abdullah MA, El-Shazly M, Haddadi MH. Amoxicillin-docosahexaenoic acid encapsulated chitosan-alginate nanoparticles as a delivery system with enhanced biocidal activities against Helicobacter pylori and improved ulcer healing. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1083330. [PMID: 36846798 PMCID: PMC9948253 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1083330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation of amoxicillin (AMX) for drug delivery against Helicobacter pylori infection and aspirin-induced ulcers in rat's stomachs was performed using docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-loaded chitosan/alginate (CA) nanoparticles (NPs) developed by ionotropic gelation method. The physicochemical analyses of the composite NPs were performed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. The encapsulation efficiency of AMX was increased to 76% by incorporating DHA, which resulted in a reduction in the particle size. The formed CA-DHA-AMX NPs effectively adhered to the bacteria and rat gastric mucosa. Their antibacterial properties were more potent than those of the single AMX and CA-DHA NPs as demonstrated by the in vivo assay. The composite NPs attained higher mucoadhesive potential during food intake than during fasting (p = 0.029). At 10 and 20 mg/kg AMX, the CA-AMX-DHA showed more potent activities against H. pylori than the CA-AMX, CA-DHA, and single AMX. The in vivo study showed that the effective dose of AMX was lower when DHA was included, indicating better drug delivery and stability of the encapsulated AMX. Both mucosal thickening and ulcer index were significantly higher in the groups receiving CA-DHA-AMX than in the groups receiving CA-AMX and single AMX. The presence of DHA declines the pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17A. The synergistic effects of AMX and the CA-DHA formulation increased the biocidal activities against H. pylori infection and improved ulcer healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahab Hassan Kaviar
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Department of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Hossein Haddadi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran,*Correspondence: Mohammad Hossein Haddadi,✉ ;✉
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Khoshnood S, Fathizadeh H, Neamati F, Negahdari B, Baindara P, Abdullah MA, Haddadi MH. Bacteria-derived chimeric toxins as potential anticancer agents. Front Oncol 2022; 12:953678. [PMID: 36158673 PMCID: PMC9491211 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.953678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death globally, requiring everlasting efforts to develop novel, specific, effective, and safe treatment strategies. Despite advances in recent years, chemotherapy, as the primary treatment for cancer, still faces limitations such as the lack of specificity, drug resistance, and treatment failure. Bacterial toxins have great potential to be used as anticancer agents and can boost the effectiveness of cancer chemotherapeutics. Bacterial toxins exert anticancer effects by affecting the cell cycle and apoptotic pathways and regulating tumorigenesis. Chimeric toxins, which are recombinant derivatives of bacterial toxins, have been developed to address the low specificity of their conventional peers. Through their targeting moieties, chimeric toxins can specifically and effectively detect and kill cancer cells. This review takes a comprehensive look at the anticancer properties of bacteria-derived toxins and discusses their potential applications as therapeutic options for integrative cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hadis Fathizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Foroogh Neamati
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Piyush Baindara
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Department of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam Campus, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Hossein Haddadi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Hossein Haddadi,
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Hussein HA, Kassim MNI, Maulidiani M, Abas F, Abdullah MA. Cytotoxicity and 1H NMR metabolomics analyses of microalgal extracts for synergistic application with Tamoxifen on breast cancer cells with reduced toxicity against Vero cells. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09192. [PMID: 35846482 PMCID: PMC9280575 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the cytotoxic activity of Tamoxifen (TMX), an anti-estrogen drug, with microalgal crude extracts (MCEs) in single and synergistic application (TMX-MCEs) on MCF-7 and 4T1 breast cancer cells, and non-cancerous Vero cells. The MCEs of Nannochloropsis oculata, Tetraselmis suecica and Chlorella sp. from five different solvents (methanol, MET; ethanol, ETH; water, W; chloroform, CHL; and hexane, HEX) were developed. The TMX-MCEs-ETH and W at the 1:2 and 1:3 ratios, attained IC50 of 15.84–29.51 μg/mL against MCF-7; 13.8–31.62 μg/mL against 4T1; and 24.54–85.11 μg/mL against Vero cells. Higher late apoptosis was exhibited against MCF-7 by the TMX-N. oculata-ETH (41.15 %); and by the TMX-T. suecica-ETH (65.69 %) against 4T1 cells. The TMX-T. suecica-ETH also showed higher ADP/ATP ratios, but comparable Caspase activities to control. For Vero cells, overall apoptotic effects were lowered with synergistic application, and only early apoptosis was higher with TMX-T. suecica-ETH but at lower levels (29.84 %). The MCEs-W showed the presence of alanine, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lactic acid, and fumaric acid. Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the spectral signals for polar solvents such as MET and ETH, were found in the same cluster, while the non-polar solvent CHL was with HEX, suggesting similar chemical profiles clustered for the same polarity. The CHL and HEX were more effective with N. oculata and T. suecica which were of the marine origin, while the ETH and MET were more effective with Chlorella sp., which was of the freshwater origin. The synergistic application of microalgal bioactive compounds with TMX can maintain the cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells whilst reducing the toxicity against non-cancerous Vero cells. These findings will benefit the biopharmaceutical, and functional and healthy food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Ali Hussein
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Murni Nur Islamiah Kassim
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - M. Maulidiani
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- SIBCo Medical and Pharmaceuticals Sdn. Bhd., No. 2, Level 5, Jalan Tengku Ampuan Zabedah, D9/D, Seksyen 9, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.
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Al-Ali AAA, Al-Tamimi SQ, Al-Maliki SJ, Abdullah MA. Toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and histopathological and caspase-9 expression changes in the liver and lung tissues of male mice model. Appl Nanosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abdul Majeed RH, Hussein HA, Abdullah MA. Preparation and Characterization of Novel Schiff Base Derived From 4-Nitro Benzaldehyde and Its Cytotoxic Activities. Int J Mol Cell Med 2022; 11:285-296. [PMID: 37727641 PMCID: PMC10506673 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.11.4.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Normal drugs exhibit activities against both normal and cancer cells. Furthermore, cancer cells may develop resistance to these drugs that alternative treatment must be explored. The main objective of this study was to examine the anticancer activity of Schiff base against Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Fibroblasts (TSCCF) and normal human gingival fibroblasts (NHGF) and to propose its mechanism. A Novel Schiff base ligand was synthesized from the reaction of 5-C-2-4-NABA (5-chloro-2-((4-nitrobenzylidene) amino) benzoic acid). These Schiff bases possessed azomethine group (-HC=N-) and aromatic group (CH) as analyzed by Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectra. The in vitro cytotoxicity screening assay suggested promising activity against TSCCF with IC50 of 446.68 µg/mL, but insignificant activity against NHGF cells (IC50 of 977.24 µg/mL) after 72 h. The evidence of apoptotic induction was supported by DAPI staining of apoptotic nuclei with reduced cell numbers, suggesting that Schiff base could induce apoptotic bodies in cancer cells being observed. Based on the Schiff base structure, the anti-cancer mechanism may be attributed to the -HC=N- azomethine group. For the first time, our findings highlighted the anticancer activities of the new Schiff base against oral cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- SIBCo Medical and Pharmaceuticals Sdn. Bhd., No. 2, Level 5, Jalan Tengku Ampuan Zabedah, D9/D, Seksyen 9, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Abdullah MA, Hussein HA. Integrated algal and oil palm biorefinery as a model system for bioenergy co-generation with bioproducts and biopharmaceuticals. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:40. [PMID: 38650258 PMCID: PMC10992906 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a greater call for greener and eco-friendly processes and bioproducts to meet the 2030's core agenda on 17 global sustainable development goals. The challenge lies in incorporating systems thinking with a comprehensive worldview as a guiding principle to develop the economy, whilst taking cognisance of the need to safeguard the environment, and to embrace the socio-cultural diversity dimension as an equal component. Any discussion on climate change, destruction of eco-system and habitat for wildlife, poverty and starvation, and the spread of infectious diseases, must be addressed together with the emphasis on the development of cleaner energy, air and water, better management of resources and biodiversity, improved agro-practices for food production and distribution, and affordable health care, as the outcomes and key performance indicators to be evaluated. Strict regulation, monitoring and enforcement to minimize emission, pollution and wastage must also be put in place. CONCLUSION This review article focuses on the research and development efforts to achieve sustainable bioenergy production, environmental remediation, and transformation of agro-materials into value-added bioproducts through the integrated algal and oil palm biorefinery. Recent development in microalgal research with nanotechnology as anti-cancer and antimicrobial agents and for biopharmaceutical applications are discussed. The life-cycle analysis in the context of palm oil mill processes is evaluated. The way forward from this integrated biorefinery concept is to strive for inclusive development strategies, and to address the immediate and pressing problems facing the Planet and the People, whilst still reaping the Profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Ahmad S, Palvasha BA, Abbasi BBK, Nazir MS, Akhtar MN, Tahir Z, Abdullah MA. Preparation and Applications of Polysaccharide‐Based Composites. Polysaccharides 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119711414.ch26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mohd Ariffin K, Abd Ghani F, Hussin H, Md Said S, Yunus R, Veerakumarasivam A, Abdullah MA. Hedgehog signalling molecule, SMO is a poor prognostic marker in bladder cancer. Malays J Pathol 2021; 43:49-54. [PMID: 33903305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hedgehog (HH) pathway is an important signalling cascade for growth and patterning during embryonic development. Constitutive activation of Hedgehog pathway can be found in various types of malignancies including medulloblastoma, basal cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal, breast, pancreatic, prostate cancer and leukaemia. Little is known about the expression and role of Hedgehog signalling in bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of SMO in 112 bladder cancer cases and determine their association with demographic and clinicopathological parameters. Bladder cancer tissues were obtained from the Hospital Kuala Lumpur. RESULTS SMO was expressed in the cytoplasm of all cases of bladder cancer. 6 cases (5.4%) showed low expression, while 106 cases (94.6%) showed high expression. Positive expression of SMO protein was correlated with a few variables which include grade and stage of tumour, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. SMO expression showed statistically significant association with higher grade (p=0.001) and higher stage (p=0.042) of bladder cancer. SMO expression also showed borderline association with lymph node metastasis (p=0.056). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that SMO expression may be a poor prognostic marker in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mohd Ariffin
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pathology, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M A Abdullah
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pathology, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Abd-Talib N, Abdullah MA, Abidin MHSZ, Afzal M, Asli UA, Azeem F, Azman NR, Bahamid AAA, Benvenuti J, Bucio E, Bustamante-Torres M, da Silva WL, dos Santos JHZ, El Hamd MA, El-Maghrabey M, El-Shaheny R, Heidari S, Hidalgo-Bonilla S, Hussein HA, Iftikhar K, Imran M, Kargari A, Kishikawa N, Kumaravel S, Kundu S, Kuroda N, Len KYT, Muzammil S, Nadeem HU, Nazir MS, Pa’ee KF, Palvasha BA, Rasul I, Rezaei FS, Romero-Fierro D, Sadaf-ul-Hassan, Sadatshojaei E, Sakaria ND, Siddique MH, Solaiappan V, Stawiński W, Tahir Z, Thiruvengetam P, Tian G, Wood DA, Zubair M. Contributors. Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science 2021:xi-xiv. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821884-6.09992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Shanab SMM, Partila AM, Ali HEA, Abdullah MA. Impact of gamma-irradiated silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on growth, lipid, and carbohydrates of Chlorella vulgaris and Dictyochloropsis splendida. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2020.1856599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abir M. Partila
- Department of Radiation Microbiology, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Egypt
| | - Hamdy Elsayed Ahmed Ali
- Department of Radiation Microbiology, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Egypt
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Hussein HA, Maulidiani M, Abdullah MA. Microalgal metabolites as anti-cancer/anti-oxidant agents reduce cytotoxicity of elevated silver nanoparticle levels against non-cancerous vero cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05263. [PMID: 33102866 PMCID: PMC7578694 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has become a major concern globally as it contaminates eco-system, water networks and as finely suspended particles in air. In this study, the effects of elevated silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) levels as a model system of heavy metals, in the presence of microalgal crude extracts (MCEs) at different ratios, were evaluated against the non-cancerous Vero cells, and the cancerous MCF-7 and 4T1 cells. The MCEs were developed from water (W) and ethanol (ETH) as green solvents. The AgNPs-MCEs-W at the 4:1 and 5:1 ratios (v/v) after 48 and 72 h treatment, respectively, showed the IC50 values of 83.17-95.49 and 70.79-91.20 μg/ml on Vero cells, 13.18-28.18 and 12.58-25.7 μg/ml on MCF-7; and 16.21-33.88 and 14.79-26.91 μg/ml on 4T1 cells. In comparison, the AgNPs-MCEs-ETH formulation achieved the IC50 values of 56.23-89.12 and 63.09-91.2 μg/ml on Vero cells, 10.47-19.95 and 13.48-26.61 μg/ml on MCF-7; 14.12-50.11 and 15.13-58.88 μg/ml on 4T1 cells, respectively. After 48 and 72 h treatment, the AgNPs-MCE-CHL at the 4:1 and 5:1 ratios exhibited the IC50 of 51.28-75.85 and 48.97-69.18 μg/ml on Vero cells, and higher cytotoxicity at 10.47-16.98 and 6.19-14.45 μg/ml against MCF-7 cells, and 15.84-31.62 and 12.58-24.54 μg/ml on 4T1 cells, respectively. The AgNPs-MCEs-W and ETH resulted in low apoptotic events in the Vero cells after 24 h, but very high early and late apoptotic events in the cancerous cells. The Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Electrospray Ionization (LC-MS-ESI) metabolite profiling of the MCEs exhibited 64 metabolites in negative ion and 56 metabolites in positive ion mode, belonging to different classes. The microalgal metabolites, principally the anti-oxidative components, could have reduced the toxicity of the AgNPs against Vero cells, whilst retaining the cytotoxicity against the cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Ali Hussein
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - M. Maulidiani
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Kanwal, Mungroo MR, Anwar A, Ali F, Khan S, Abdullah MA, Siddiqui R, Khan KM, Khan NA. Synthetic nanoparticle-conjugated bisindoles and hydrazinyl arylthiazole as novel antiamoebic agents against brain-eating amoebae. Exp Parasitol 2020; 218:107979. [PMID: 32866583 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Balamuthia mandrillaris and Naegleria fowleri are free-living amoebae that can cause life-threatening infections involving the central nervous system. The high mortality rates of these infections demonstrate an urgent need for novel treatment options against the amoebae. Considering that indole and thiazole compounds possess wide range of antiparasitic properties, novel bisindole and thiazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated against the amoebae. The antiamoebic properties of four synthetic compounds i.e., two new bisindoles (2-Bromo-4-(di (1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)phenol (denoted as A1) and 2-Bromo-4-(di (1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (A2)) and two known thiazole (4-(3-Nitrophenyl)-2-(2-(pyridin-3-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)thiazole (A3) and 4-(Biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(2-(1-(pyridin-4-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole (A4)) were evaluated against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri. The ability of silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) conjugation to enrich antiamoebic activities of the compounds was also investigated. The synthetic heterocyclic compounds demonstrated up to 53% and 69% antiamoebic activities against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri respectively, while resulting in up to 57% and 68% amoebistatic activities, respectively. Antiamoebic activities of the compounds were enhanced by up to 71% and 51% against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri respectively, after conjugation with AgNPs. These compounds exhibited potential antiamoebic effects against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri and conjugation of synthetic heterocyclic compounds with AgNPs enhanced their activity against the amoebae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia; H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ridwane Mungroo
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Farman Ali
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Simal Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 26666, United Arab Emirates.
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Hussein HA, Syamsumir DF, Radzi SAM, Siong JYF, Zin NAM, Abdullah MA. Phytochemical screening, metabolite profiling and enhanced antimicrobial activities of microalgal crude extracts in co-application with silver nanoparticle. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-020-00322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Microalgae is one of the major sources of natural compounds with antimicrobial activity. The metabolite profiling of the extracts could identify the bioactive compounds based on methanol (MET), ethanol (ETH), chloroform (CHL), hexane (HEX) and water (W) solvent systems. The microalgal crude extracts in co-application with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) had enhanced antimicrobial activity with potential to overcome the global problem of microbial antibiotic resistance.
Results
Chlorella sp. exhibited the highest lipid, N. oculata the highest total saturated fatty acids (TSFA), and T. suecica the highest mono-unsaturated (MUFA) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The highest carbohydrate, protein and total phenolics contents (TPCs) were attained by N. oculata. The highest total flavonoids contents (TFCs), and chlorophyll a and b were in T. suecica, while comparable level of carotenoids were found in all species. For high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analyses, the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) with high peaks were detected in T. suecica-HEX and N. oculata-CHL; and β-carotene in Chlorella sp.-ETH. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses showed high 13-docosenamide (Z)- in T. suecica-HEX; phytol in N. oculata-HEX; and neophytadiene in Chlorella sp.-ETH. The AgNPs–MCEs–MET and HEX at the 1.5:1 ratios exhibited strong activities against Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus uberis, and Salmonella sp.; and the AgNPs–T. suecica-HEX and MET and AgNPs–Chlorella sp.-HEX at the 1.5:1 ratios exhibited activities against Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Conclusion
Different bioactive components were detected in the MCEs based on the HPTLC and GC–MS analyses. Significant antimicrobial activities against the pathogenic microbes were demonstrated by the synergistic effects of the MCEs in co-application with the AgNPs. This could be beneficial in the fight against sensitive and multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Chaudhry GES, Akim A, Zafar MN, Abdullah MA, Sung YY, Muhammad TST. Induction of apoptosis and role of paclitaxel-loaded hyaluronic acid-crosslinked nanoparticles in the regulation of AKT and RhoA. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2020; 11:101-106. [PMID: 33102192 PMCID: PMC7574732 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_26_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex multifactorial disease and leading causes of death worldwide. Despite the development of many anticancer drugs, there is a reduced survival rate due to severe side effects. The nontargeted approach of convention drugs is one of the leading players in context to toxicity. Hyaluronan is a versatile bio-polymer and ligand of the receptor (CD44) on cancer cells. The MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cell lines treated with hyaluronic acid-paclitaxel (HA-PTX) showed the distinguishing morphological features of apoptosis. Flow cytometric analysis showed that HA-PTX induces apoptosis as a significant mode of cell death. The activation level of tumor suppressor protein (p53) increased after PTX treatment in MCF-7, but no changes observed in HT-29 might be due to hereditary mutations. The lack of suppression in AKT and Rho A protein suggest the use of possible inhibitors in future studies which might could play a role in increasing the sensitivity of drug towards mutated cells line and reducing the possibilities for cancer cell survival, migration, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul-E-Saba Chaudhry
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Abdah Akim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - M A Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yeong Yik Sung
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
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Abstract
Cancer is the main cause of death worldwide, so the discovery of new and effective therapeutic agents must be urgently addressed. Diatoms are rich in minerals and secondary metabolites such as saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, esters, acyl lipids, sterols, proteins, and flavonoids. These bioactive compounds have been reported as potent anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial agents. Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic organisms, which are important in the biogeochemical circulation of silica, nitrogen, and carbon, attributable to their short growth-cycle and high yield. The biosilica of diatoms is potentially effective as a carrier for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy due to its high surface area, nano-porosity, bio-compatibility, and bio-degradability. In vivo studies have shown no significant symptoms of tissue damage in animal models, suggesting the suitability of a diatoms-based system as a safe nanocarrier in nano-medicine applications. This review presents an overview of diatoms' microalgae possessing anti-cancer activities and the potential role of the diatoms and biosilica in the delivery of anticancer drugs. Diatoms-based antibodies and vitamin B12 as drug carriers are also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Ali Hussein
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
- College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah 00964, Iraq
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
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Ajab H, Ali Khan AA, Nazir MS, Yaqub A, Abdullah MA. Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. Environ Res 2019; 176:108563. [PMID: 31280029 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring is important to determine the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated. In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. Zinc, cadmium, and copper with lead were simultaneously detected using this method. The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. It has great potential in both clinical and environmental use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Ajab
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Amanat Ali Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, 1-Km Defense Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asim Yaqub
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Laith AA, Abdullah MA, Nurhafizah WWI, Hussein HA, Aya J, Effendy AWM, Najiah M. Efficacy of live attenuated vaccine derived from the Streptococcus agalactiae on the immune responses of Oreochromis niloticus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 90:235-243. [PMID: 31009810 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae species have been recognized as the main pathogen causing high mortality in fish leading to significant worldwide economical losses to the aquaculture industries. Vaccine development has become a priority in combating multidrug resistance in bacteria; however, there is a lack of commercial live attenuated vaccine (LAV) against S. agalactiae in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to compare two methods using attenuated bacteria as live vaccine and to evaluate the efficacy of selected LAV on the immune responses and resistance of Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia) against S. agalactiae. The LAV derived from S. agalactiae had been weakened using the chemical agent Acriflavine dye (LAV1), whereas the second vaccine was weakened using serial passages of bacteria on broth media (LAV2). Initial immunization was carried out only on day one, given twice-in the morning and evening, for the 42 day period. Serum samples were collected to determine the systemic antibody (IgM) responses and lysozymal (LSZ) activity using ELISA. On day 43 after immunization, the fish were injected intraperitoneally (i.p) with 0.1 mL of S. agalactiae at LD50 = 1.5 × 105 (CFU)/fish. Fish were monitored daily for 10 days. Clinical signs, mortality and the relative percent of survival (RPS) were recorded. Trial 1 results showed a significant increased (P < 0.05) in serum IgM titers and LSZ activity as compared to LAV2 and the control group (unvaccinated fish). The efficacy of LAV1 was proven effective as determined by the RPS values, LAV1 at 81.58% as compared to LAV2 at 65.79%. Trial 2 of LAV1 and control group were further determined by administering primary and booster doses revealed a RPS value for LAV1 of 82.05%, with the significant enhancement on the immune responses of tilapia as compared to control group. In conclusion, LAV revealed to elevate antibody IgM levels, LSZ activity and provide long-term protection when added to feed. LAV is a low-cost vaccine shown to rapidly increase the immune response of fish and increase survival rates of fish against S. agalactiae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Laith
- School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - M A Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - W W I Nurhafizah
- School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - H A Hussein
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - J Aya
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - A W M Effendy
- School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - M Najiah
- School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Chaturvedi S, Ahmed AR, Hussain MW, Alshehre AS, Abdullah MA. Acquaintance of dental implants as a treatment modality in edentulous states among health workers in Aseer Province, KSA. Niger J Clin Pract 2019; 22:24-33. [PMID: 30666016 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_469_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To identify the acquaintance of dental implant (DI) as a treatment modality in edentulous states among health workers in the Aseer region and also to assess the level of understanding about DI among them. Materials and Methods A questionnaire set of 18 questions was used for 500 health workers from the concerned area about DI. Questionnaire set basically consists of questions to assess the attitude, perception, and knowledge among them about DI. The data collected and association with the factors were tested for significance using the Chi-square test and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The response rate was 89%. More than 75% were aware of DI, but only 50% of the total respondents were knowing about the difference between the DI, fixed prosthesis, and removable prosthesis. Of the latter, 47.4% have suggested implants for patients and about 55% respondents were agreeing to get DI done for themselves. Dental health care workers have more knowledge than the medical health workers, and the difference was found to be statistically significant. Of respondents, >90% were willing to know more about DI. Conclusion The practice of implant dentistry is growing in the Aseer region. However, general health workers are not fully aware of proper DI information. In addition, all the efforts should be made to include basic implant education in all the branches of health sciences and the CDE program should be conducted regularly to enhance the knowledge, so that correct information can be channelized to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaturvedi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A R Ahmed
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M W Hussain
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S Alshehre
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Abdullah
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Ajab H, Dennis JO, Abdullah MA. Synthesis and characterization of cellulose and hydroxyapatite-carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection and its validation in blood serum. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:376-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Md Akhir MKA, Hussin H, Veerakumarasivam A, Choy CS, Abdullah MA, Abd Ghani F. Immunohistochemical expression of NANOG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Malays J Pathol 2017; 39:227-234. [PMID: 29279584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma is a common malignant neoplasm that has a poor prognosis and a high frequency of recurrence and metastasis. Constant disease surveillance with periodic and long term cystoscopy examination is necessary for management of the disease. However, the monitoring and therapy regimen is expensive, incurring a massive burden to patients and the government. Therefore, the development of specific biomarkers for urothelial carcinoma at an early stage and recurrence detection becomes a priority. Homeobox genes are a family of genes that are involved in tumourigenesis. They might be potential prognostic markers for urothelial carcinoma. The study investigated the expression pattern of NANOG which is one of a homeobox gene in different stages and grades of urothelial carcinoma. NANOG expressions were also correlated with patient demographic factors and clinicopathological parameters. The expression of NANOG in 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded urothelial carcinoma tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry showed positive expression of NANOG in all specimens with detection in the cytoplasm, nuclei and the nuclear membrane of the cancer cells. The immunohistochemical expression of NANOG increased across stages and grades of the tumour. The expression of NANOG was not significantly associated with demographic factors; gender (p = 0.376), race (p = 0.718) and age (p = 0.058) as well as with most of the clinicopathological parameters; pathological stage (p = 0.144), grade (p = 0.625), lymph node involvement (p = 0.174) and distant metastasis (p = 0.228). However, NANOG expression showed significant correlation with tumour invasion (p = 0.019). We concluded that NANOG might be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K A Md Akhir
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Department of Pathology, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Abdullah MA, Nazir MS, Ajab H, Daneshfozoun S, Almustapha S. Advances in Eco-Friendly Pre-Treatment Methods and Utilization of Agro-Based Lignocelluloses. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315366562-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Yadzir ZHMY, Gafar AA, Yakasai MH, Rahman MFA, Abdullah MA, Halmi MIE. Characterization of a molybdenum-reducing Acinetobacter baumannii strain Serdang 1 with the capacity to grow on phenol and acrylamide. Bioremed Sci Technol Res 2016; 4:18-24. [DOI: 10.54987/bstr.v4i2.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of organic xenobiotic pollutants and heavy metals in a contaminated site allows the use of multiple bacterial degraders or bacteria with the ability to detoxify numerous toxicants at the same time. A previously isolated SDS- degrading bacterium, Acinetobacter baumannii strain Serdang 1 was shown to reduce molybdenum to molybdenum-blue. The bacterium works optimally at pH 6.5, the temperature range between 25 and 34°C with glucose serves as the best electron donor for molybdate reduction. This bacterium required additional concentration of phosphate at 5.0 mM and molybdate between 15 and 25 mM. The absorption spectrum of the molybdenum blue obtained is similar to the molybdenum blue from other earlier reported molybdate reducing bacteria, as it resembles a reduced phosphomolybdate closely. Ag(i), As(v), Pb(ii) and Cu(ii) inhibited molybdenum reduction by 57.3, 36.8, 27.7 and 10.9%, respectively, at 1 p.p.m. Acrylamide was efficiently shown to support molybdenum reduction at a lower efficiency than glucose. Phenol, acrylamide and propionamide could support the growth of this bacterium independently of molybdenum reduction. This bacterium capability to detoxify several toxicants is an important tool for bioremediation in the tropical region
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Abdullah MA, Ahmad A, Shah SMU, Shanab SMM, Ali HEA, Abo-State MAM, Othman MF. Integrated algal engineering for bioenergy generation, effluent remediation, and production of high-value bioactive compounds. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-015-0388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ahmad A, Shah SMU, Othman MF, Abdullah MA. Enhanced palm oil mill effluent treatment and biomethane production by co-digestion of oil palm empty fruit bunches withChlorellaSp. CAN J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS; Bandar Seri Iskandar 31750 Tronoh Perak Malaysia
| | - Syed Muhammad Usman Shah
- Department of Bio Sciences; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Park Road, 44000 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Mohd Fariduddin Othman
- Department of Freshwater Fisheries Research Division; FRI Glami Lemi, Jelebu; 71650 Titi Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS; Bandar Seri Iskandar 31750 Tronoh Perak Malaysia
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Ajab H, Yaqub A, Malik SA, Junaid M, Yasmeen S, Abdullah MA. Characterization of toxic metals in tobacco, tobacco smoke, and cigarette ash from selected imported and local brands in Pakistan. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:413614. [PMID: 24672317 PMCID: PMC3929383 DOI: 10.1155/2014/413614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, concentrations of Cd, Ni, Pb, and Cr were determined in tobacco, tobacco smoke-condensate, and cigarette ash for selected brands used in Pakistan. Smoking apparatus was designed for metal extraction from cigarette smoke. Samples were digested through microwave digester and then analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). Higher concentration of Ni was detected in imported brands than the counterparts in the local brands. Pb levels were however higher in local brands while significant concentration of Cd was observed in both brands. For Cr, the level in tobacco of local brands was higher than their emitted smoke, whereas imported brands showed higher level in smoke than in tobacco. The cigarette ash retained 65 to 75% of the metal and about 25 to 30% went into the body. While this study revealed the serious requirement to standardize the manufacturing of tobacco products, more importantly is the urgent need for stronger enforcements to put in place to alert the general population about the hazardous effects of cigarettes and the health risks associated with these toxic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Ajab
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Asim Yaqub
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Salman Akbar Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Information Technology Department, University of Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Yasmeen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
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Shah SMU, Che Radziah C, Ibrahim S, Latiff F, Othman MF, Abdullah MA. Effects of photoperiod, salinity and pH on cell growth and lipid content of Pavlova lutheri. ANN MICROBIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-013-0645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Abdullah MA, Rahmah AU, Man Z. Physicochemical and sorption characteristics of Malaysian Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. as a natural oil sorbent. J Hazard Mater 2010; 177:683-91. [PMID: 20060641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn (kapok) is a natural sorbent that exhibits excellent hydrophobic-oleophilic characteristics. The effect of packing density, the oil types and solvent treatment on the sorption characteristics of kapok was studied in a batch system. Oil sorption capacity, retention capacity, entrapment stability and kapok reusability were evaluated. Based on SEM and FTIR analyses, kapok fiber was shown to be a lignocellulosic material with hydrophobic waxy coating over the hollow structures. Higher packing density at 0.08 g/ml showed lower sorption capacity, but higher percentage of dynamic oil retention, with only 1% of oil drained out from the test cell. Kapok remained stable after fifteen cycles of reuse with only 30% of sorption capacity reduction. The oil entrapment stability at 0.08 g/ml packing was high with more than 90% of diesel and used engine oil retained after horizontal shaking. After 8h of chloroform and alkali treatment, 2.1% and 26.3% reduction in sorption capacity were observed, respectively, as compared to the raw kapok. The rigid hollow structure was reduced to flattened-like structure after alkali treatment, though no major structural difference was observed after chloroform treatment. Malaysian kapok has shown great potential as an effective natural oil sorbent, owing to high sorption and retention capacity, structural stability and high reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750, Tronoh, Perak DR, Malaysia.
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Abdullah MA, Chong FK. Preparation and characterization of tungsten-loaded titanium dioxide photocatalyst for enhanced dye degradation. J Hazard Mater 2010; 176:451-458. [PMID: 19969415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten-loaded TiO(2) photocatalyst has been successfully prepared and characterized. TEM analysis showed that the photocatalysts were nanosize with the tungsten species forming layers of coverage on the surface of TiO(2), but not in clustered form. This was confirmed by XRD and FT-Raman analyses where tungsten species were well dispersed at lower loading (<6.5 mol%), but were in crystalline WO(3) at higher loadings (>12 mol%). In addition, loading with tungsten could stabilize the anatase phase from transforming into inactive rutile phase and did not shift the optical absorption to the visible region as shown by DRUV-vis analysis. PZC value of TiO(2) was found at 6.4, but the presence of tungsten at 6.5 mol% WO(3), decreased the PZC value to 3. Tungsten-loaded TiO(2) was superior to unmodified TiO(2) with 2-fold increase in degradation rate of methylene blue, and equally effective for the degradation of different class of dyes such as methyl violet and methyl orange at 1 mol% WO(3) loading.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitiligo is a chronic skin disease that causes loss of pigment, resulting in irregular pale patches of skin. The disease has profound psychological consequences. These effects range from mild embarrassment to a severe loss of self-confidence and social anxiety, especially for those who have lesions on exposed skin. The study sought to determine the psychological impact of vitiligo in Sudanese patients. METHOD This study is a cross-sectional, clinical-epidemiological and hospital-based study, undertaken in Khartoum Dermatologic Hospital (KDH). The data was collected between June 2007 and November 2007. 111 adult patients were enrolled sequentially during the study period and they were tested using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). RESULTS Psychological disturbances as a consequence of vitiligo were found in 36 (31 %) adult patients. Patients with mild psychological disturbances were found in 20 of these patients and severe disturbances in 16. CONCLUSION Psychological consequences are common in patients with vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Osman
- University of Juba, Omduman-Sudan, Sudan.
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Abstract
Samples were collected from southern, central and eastern regions of Saudi Arabia using Malaise traps and sweep nets. Nine species of Tabanidae were identified, two for the first time from Saudi Arabia, Hybomitra peculiaris (Szilády) and Atylotus pulchellus (Loew). Therefore, the total number of Tabanidae in Saudi Arabia is 31 species. Remarks of the species recorded in this study were given. A key to the genera of Tabanidae occurring in the Arabian Peninsula is also provided. Available literature for Saudi Arabian Tabanidae is summarized and provided. It is concluded that the tabanid fauna of Saudi Arabia is more similar to that of the Palaearctic region than to the Afrotropical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Al Dhafer
- King Saud University, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Yip WK, Abdullah MA, Yusoff SM, Seow HF. Increase in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes with regulatory T cell immunophenotypes and reduced zeta-chain expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 155:412-22. [PMID: 19220831 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03793.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological significance of the mechanisms of tumour immune-evasion and/or immunosuppression, such as loss of T cell signalling and increase in regulatory T cells (T(regs)), has not been well established in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) microenvironment. To evaluate the T(reg) immunophenotypes in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we performed a double-enzymatic immunostaining for detection of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) and other markers including CD4, CD8, and CD25 on 64 NPC and 36 non-malignant nasopharyngeal (NP) paraffin-embedded tissues. Expression of CD3 zeta and CD3 epsilon was also determined. The prevalence of CD4(+)FoxP3(+) cells in CD4(+) T cells and the ratio of FoxP3(+)/CD8(+) were increased significantly in NPC compared with those in NP tissues (P < 0.001 and P = 0.025 respectively). Moreover, the ratio of FoxP3(+)/CD25(+)FoxP3(-) in NPC was significantly lower than that in NP tissues (P = 0.005), suggesting an imbalance favouring activated phenotype of T cells in NPC. A significant negative correlation between the abundance of FoxP3(+) and CD25(+)FoxP3(-) cells (P < 0.001) was also identified. When histological types of NPC were considered, a lower ratio of FoxP3(+)/CD25(+)FoxP3(-) was found in non-keratinizing and undifferentiated carcinomas. Increased CD4(+)FoxP3(+)/CD4(+) proportion and FoxP3(+)/CD8(+) ratio were associated with keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. A reduced expression of CD3 zeta in TILs was found in 20.6% of the NPC tissues but none of the NP tissues. These data provide evidence for the imbalances of T(reg) and effector T cell phenotypes and down-regulation of signal-transducing molecules in TILs, supporting their role in suppression of immune response and immune evasion of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Yip
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Osman AM, Elkordufani Y, Abdullah MA. The Socio-demography and Clinical Profile of Vitiligo in Sudan. Sud Jnl Med Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.4314/sjms.v3i4.38550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Adam AA, Mohamed EO, Abdullah MA. Cryptosporidiosis among Patients with Diarrhoea Attending Nyala Hospital. Sud Jnl Med Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.4314/sjms.v2i1.38466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Chong TM, Abdullah MA, Fadzillah NM, Lai OM, Lajis NH. Anthraquinones production, hydrogen peroxide level and antioxidant vitamins in Morinda elliptica cell suspension cultures from intermediary and production medium strategies. Plant Cell Rep 2004; 22:951-958. [PMID: 15067428 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-004-0793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2003] [Revised: 03/02/2004] [Accepted: 03/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of medium strategies [maintenance (M), intermediary (G), and production (P) medium] on cell growth, anthraquinone (AQ) production, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant vitamins in Morinda elliptica cell suspension cultures were investigated. These were compared with third-stage leaf and 1-month-old callus culture. With P medium strategy, cell growth at 49 g l(-1), intracellular AQ content at 42 mg g(-1) DW, and H2O2 level at 9 micromol g(-1) FW medium were the highest as compared to the others. However, the extent of lipid peroxidation at 40.4 nmol g(-1) FW and total carotenoids at 13.3 mg g(-1) FW for cultures in P medium were comparable to that in the leaf, which had registered sevenfold lower AQ and 2.2-fold lower H2O2 levels. Vitamin C content at 30-120 microg g(-1) FW in all culture systems was almost half the leaf content. On the other hand, vitamin E content was around 400-500 microg g(-1) FW in 7-day-old cultures from all medium strategies and reduced to 50-150 microg g(-1) FW on day 14 and 21; as compared to 60 microg g(-1) FW in callus and 200 microg g(-1) FW in the leaf. This study suggests that medium strategies and cell growth phase in cell culture could influence the competition between primary and secondary metabolism, oxidative stresses and antioxidative measures. When compared with the leaf metabolism, these activities are dynamic depending on the types and availability of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Chong
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor D.E
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Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the tensile bond strengths of two impression material systems (polysulphide and polyvinyl siloxane) to two custom tray materials [autopolymerizing and visible light-cured (VLC) acrylic resin]. The effect of polymerizing the tray materials directly against wax spacer and tin foil was evaluated for each material. Polymerizing tray materials against tin foil significantly increased the bond strengths of polysulphide and polyvinyl siloxane impression materials to VLC and autopolymerizing acrylic resin tray materials. Polyvinyl siloxane VLC cured against tin foil combination produced the strongest bond. The VLC resin tray material generated greater bond strength than autopolymerizing acrylic resin when polymerized against tin foil.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Abdullah MA, Ariff AB, Marziah M, Ali AM, Lajis NH. Growth and anthraquinone production of Morinda elliptica cell suspension cultures in a stirred-tank bioreactor. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:4432-4438. [PMID: 10995375 DOI: 10.1021/jf991014v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effects of medium strategy, number of impellers, aeration mode, and mode of operation on Morinda elliptica cell suspension cultures in a stirred-tank bioreactor are described. A lower number of impellers and continuous aeration contributed toward high cell growth rate, whereas a higher number of impellers reduced cell growth rate, although not anthraquinone yield. The semicontinuous mode could indirectly imitate the larger scale version of production medium strategy and improved anthraquinone production even with 0. 012% (v/v) antifoam addition. Production medium promoted both growth (maximum dry cell weight of 24.6 g/L) and anthraquinone formation (maximum content of 19.5 mg/g of dry cell weight), without any necessity for antifoam addition. Cultures in production medium or with higher growth rate and anthraquinone production were less acidic than cultures in growth medium or with lower growth rate and anthraquinone production. Using the best operating variables, growth of M. elliptica cells (24.6 g/L) and anthraquinone yield (0.25 g/L) were 45% and 140%, respectively, lower than those using a shake flask culture after 12 days of cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lutfi SA, Abdullah MA, Abumelha A, al Bakry L, Coode P. Pulmonary haemosiderosis in Saudi children: report of two cases and review of the literature. Ann Trop Paediatr 2000; 20:153-9. [PMID: 10945068 DOI: 10.1080/02724936.2000.11748126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Two children with idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis are reported. These are the first cases of this disease from Saudi Arabia and highlight the diagnostic problem caused by their presentation as cases of iron deficiency anaemia. The aetiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management are discussed. The attention of paediatricians is drawn to this relatively rare cause of iron deficiency anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Lutfi
- Department of Pediatrics, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abdullah MA, Al-Hasnan Z, Okamoto E, Abomelha AM. Arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction and cholestasis syndrome. Saudi Med J 2000; 21:297-9. [PMID: 11533803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We report for the first time from the Arabian Gulf area 3 patients with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, cholestasis and renal tubular dysfunction from a Saudi family with 2 other siblings and 3 cousins who possibly died with a similar clinical picture. We also document for the second time in literature other findings in this syndrome including cerebral abnormalities (hypoplastic corpus callosum), congenital heart disease and nerve deafness. We suggest that some of these cases might benefit from ursodeoxycholic acid therapy. We believe that this autosomal recessive disorder is possibly under-diagnosed in this region with a high consanguineous marriage rate.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis
- Abnormalities, Multiple/drug therapy
- Abnormalities, Multiple/epidemiology
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Acidosis, Renal Tubular/diagnosis
- Acidosis, Renal Tubular/drug therapy
- Acidosis, Renal Tubular/epidemiology
- Acidosis, Renal Tubular/genetics
- Arthrogryposis/diagnosis
- Arthrogryposis/drug therapy
- Arthrogryposis/epidemiology
- Arthrogryposis/genetics
- Atrophy
- Cholestasis/diagnosis
- Cholestasis/drug therapy
- Cholestasis/epidemiology
- Cholestasis/genetics
- Consanguinity
- Corpus Callosum/pathology
- Female
- Genes, Recessive/genetics
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/drug therapy
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/epidemiology
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/genetics
- Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis
- Heart Defects, Congenital/drug therapy
- Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology
- Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Pedigree
- Retrospective Studies
- Saudi Arabia/epidemiology
- Syndrome
- Ursodeoxycholic Acid/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Unit, Deparment of Pediatrics, Box 9, Security Forces Hospital, PO Box 3643, Riyadh 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Abdullah MA, Al-Salhi HS, Anani MA, Melendrez LQ. Adolescent endocrinology in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2000; 21:24-30. [PMID: 11533746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The importance of providing special health care services for adolescents has been recently stressed. In Saudi Arabia, adolescents have no special services. In this study, we describe our first 5 years experience of an adolescent endocrinology clinic in Security Forces Hospital. We believe it is the first clinic with this objective in the Kingdom. METHODS An adolescent endocrinology clinic was run by a team composed of pediatric endocrinologist, diabetic nurse educator, clinic nurse and a dietician in collaboration with other supportive staff and consultants from other disciplines. The methodology of setting up, staffing and running the clinic is described. RESULTS About 223 cases were registered over 5 years. The most common problems were short stature 53 (24%), diabetes mellitus 49 (22%), obesity 40 (18%), thyroid disorders 28 (13%), delayed puberty 20 (9%) and rickets (8%). The clinic was well accepted by parents and their families. We learned a lot on how to handle these problems locally. CONCLUSION Based on our experience, we recommend establishing special health care services for adolescents both at the primary care, as well as secondary and tertiary care levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- Department of Pediatrics, Security Forces Hospital, PO Box 3643, Riyadh 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
We describe a girl with physical anomalies, accelerated skeletal maturation, failure to thrive, and respiratory difficulties consistent with a diagnosis of Marshall-Smith syndrome (MSS). Chromosome analysis showed an inverted duplication of chromosome 2 [46,XX,inv dup(2)(q37q32) de novo] identified by G banding and confirmed by FISH. Several cases of trisomy 2q3 have been reported and established a syndrome, but the present case is the first to be associated with accelerated skeletal maturation and a clinical picture resembling MSS. This raises the possibility that the cause of MSS involves the q3 region of chromosome 2. Few reports of MSS include study of the karyotype, although the chromosomes were apparently normal in those cases where they have been examined. We suggest that karyotyping be undertaken with particular attention to the 2q3 region in patients with suspected MSS. It also would be prudent to assess bone age in all children with trisomy 2q.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Seidahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Numerous factors are involved in making a void-free dental stone cast from a polyvinyl siloxane impression. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine whether frequency and amplitude of vibration had any effect on the formation of voids on the cast surface poured from polyvinyl siloxane impression with a mechanical model vibrator. MATERIAL AND METHODS Impressions were poured in dental stone with a mechanical model vibrator that was set at vibration frequency 3000 cycles/min (low) and 6000 cycles/min (high) by a knob. The amplitude of vibration is provided in 5 steps and remained constant for the step set on the instrument. A total of 240 casts were prepared. The vibrator was set at low frequency and 30 impressions were poured for each of the 5 steps of amplitude. The vibrator was then set at high frequency and 30 impressions were poured for each of the 5 steps of amplitude. The resultant casts were examined for the presence of surface voids under 10 x magnification. RESULTS Means for voids in all cast groups calculated for low and high vibration frequencies indicated that an increase in the amplitude of vibration caused an increase in the number of voids on the die surface. CONCLUSION Use of high frequency of vibration 6000 cycles/min and 0.40 mm amplitude produced significantly fewer voids (P < .0001) compared with steps 4 (0.45 mm) and 5 (0.80 mm) amplitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Thirty-two Saudi children (aged 1.5-14 years) with goitre were seen over a 6.5-year period in a paediatric endocrinology clinic. There was a female to male ratio of 1.9:1. Of these, 27 (84.3%) had diffuse thyroid enlargement and five (15.7%) nodular goitre. The commonest causes were dyshormonogenesis (37.5%) followed by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (34.4%). Three boys and one girl had Graves' disease. There were three (9.4%) with simple goitre and one case each of iodine deficiency goitre and tuberculous thyroiditis. Further study of the prevalence and causes of goitre, including iodine deficiency goitre, in Saudi Arabia is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- Department of Pediatrics, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
A 13-year-old Saudi boy was referred to the paediatric endocrinology clinic for evaluation of rapidly progressive goitre with weight loss of 6 months duration. A clinical diagnosis of possible thyroid malignancy was made. On exploration the mass was found to be tuberculous in origin, attached to the thyroid gland, and responded to partial excision and anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. Tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of anterior midline neck masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- Department of Pediatrics, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
The occurrence of canine tooth dimorphism in Indian subjects has been investigated and the use of two statistical methods of evaluation compared. These were the methods of N.G. Rao and co-workers published in 1988 and quadratic discriminant analysis for correct classification of sex. Parameters considered were (i) the mesiodistal width of maxillary and mandibular canines, (ii) the maxillary canine arch width (intercanine distance) and (iii) the mandibular canine arch width. The results indicated significant dimorphism of the maxillary and mandibular canine teeth. When the results of the arch widths were subjected to the two statistical methods, differing results were obtained in the accuracy of sex classification. The percentage of correct classifications of sex was higher when using quadratic discriminant analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sherfudhin
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Al Herbish AS, Al Jurayyan NA, Abo Bakr AM, Abdullah MA, Al Husain M, Al Rabeah AA, Patel PJ, Jawad A, Al Samarrai AI. Sex reassignment: A challenging problem - current medical and islamic guidelines. Ann Saudi Med 1996; 16:12-5. [PMID: 17372394 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.1996.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual ambiguity is a complex and often confusing medical problem. In addition to the life-threatening adrenal crises which may accompany some forms, ambiguity of the genitalia may lead to incorrect sex assignment by parents and/or health personnel. Children who present to medical attention beyond the neonatal period constitute a challenging problem due to the grave consequences of this condition. Thirty cases in whom sex reassignment was indicated were seen at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, over a 10-year period. Of these, 27 (90%) were genetic females (20 were 21- and seven were 11-hydroxylase deficient) and three (10%) were genetic males (two partial androgen insensitive and one 5alpha-reductase deficient). All genetic males who were incorrectly assigned as females accepted reassignment. But 9 out of 27 (33%) of the genetic females who were incorrectly assigned as males refused reassignment. Preference for male sex assignment, delayed diagnosis and sociocultural circumstances seem to be the contributing factors for refusal. A national consensus about this important issue strengthened by the existing religious recommendations in demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Al Herbish
- Departments of Pediatrics, Surgery, and Radiology, King Khalid University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Security Forces Hospital, and Pediatric Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abdullah MA, Merdan AI. Distribution and ecology of the mosquito fauna in the southwestern Saudi Arabia. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 1995; 25:815-37. [PMID: 8586876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A mosquito Larval survey was carried out in the Southwestern region of Saudi Arabia for a two subsequent years period. Nine mosquito species were identified; 4 Anopheline species; Anopheles arabiensis, An. sergentii, An. multicolor and An. tenebrosus and 3 Culicine species, Culex pipiens, Cx. quinquefaciatus and Cx. theileri as well as one Aedine species, Aedes caspius and Culiseta subochrea. A map was made showing the distribution of the encountered species and a full description of all breeding places was made also. The association of different species in each breeding site was also recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdullah
- Biology Department, College of Education, King Saud University, Abha Branch, Saudi Arabia
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50
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Lwin M, Abdullah MA. Non-fatal strangulation: an uncommon parachute-related accident. Med J Malaysia 1995; 50:419-20. [PMID: 8668068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A case of non-fatal strangulation of the neck by rigging lines of a parachute during military training is presented. It is an unusual but potentially life-threatening injury. Probable factors leading to such injury are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lwin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan
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