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Blanco S, Morán P, Diz AP, Olabarria C, Vázquez E. Effects of short-term hyposalinity stress on four commercially important bivalves: A proteomic perspective. Environ Res 2022; 215:114371. [PMID: 36162473 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increased heavy rainfall can reduce salinity to values close to 0 in estuaries. Lethal and sublethal physiological and behavioural effects of decreases in salinity below ten have already been found to occur in the commercially important clam species Venerupis corrugata, Ruditapes decussatus and R. philippinarum and the cockle Cerastoderma edule, which generate an income of ∼74 million euros annually in Galicia (NW Spain). However, studies of the molecular response to hyposaline stress in bivalves are scarce. This 'shotgun' proteomics study evaluates changes in mantle-edge proteins subjected to short-term hyposaline episodes in two different months (March and May) during the gametogenic cycle. We found evidence that the mantle-edge proteome was more responsive to sampling time than to hyposalinity, strongly suggesting that reproductive stages condition the stress response. However, hyposalinity modulated proteome profiles in V. corrugata and C. edule in both months and R. philippinarum in May, involving proteins implicated in protein folding, redox homeostasis, detoxification, cytoskeleton modulation and the regulation of apoptotic, autophagic and lipid degradation pathways. However, proteins that are essential for an optimal osmotic stress response but which are highly energy demanding, such as chaperones, osmoprotectants and DNA repair factors, were found in small relative abundances. In both months in R. decussatus and in March in R. philippinarum, almost no differences between treatments were detected. Concordant trends in the relative abundance of stress response candidate proteins were also obtained in V. corrugata and C. edule in the different months, but not in Ruditapes spp., strongly suggesting that the osmotic stress response in bivalves is complex and possibly influenced by a combination of controlled (sampling time) and uncontrolled variables. In this paper, we report potential molecular targets for studying the response to osmotic stress, especially in the most osmosensitive native species C. edule and V. corrugata, and suggest factors to consider when searching for biomarkers of hyposaline stress in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Blanco
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - P Morán
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - A P Diz
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - C Olabarria
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - E Vázquez
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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Romeo F, Louge Uriarte E, Delgado SG, González-Altamiranda E, Pereyra S, Morán P, Odeón A, Pérez S, Verna A. Effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus on subsequent infectivity of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 in endometrial cells in primary culture: An in vitro model of viral co-infection. J Virol Methods 2021; 291:114097. [PMID: 33600847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) infect the uterus of cattle, being responsible for huge economic losses. Most of the pathogenesis of BoHV-4 in the bovine reproductive tract has been elucidated by conducting tests on primary cultures. Thus, it is important to have optimal in vitro conditions, avoiding the presence of other pathogens that can alter the results. BVDV is one of the most frequent viral contaminants of cell cultures. Considering that non-cytopathic (NCP) BVDV biotype can generate persistently infected (PI) cattle, which are the major source for virus transmission in susceptible herds, it is important to check products derived from cattle that are intended to be used in research laboratories. The aim of this work was to evaluate how the natural infection of bovine endometrial cells (BEC) with a NCP BVDV strain (BEC + BVDV) affects BoHV-4 replication. We have demonstrated a delay in BoHV-4 gene expression and a decrease in viral load in the extracellular environment in BEC + BDVD cells compared to BEC (BVDV-free) cells. These results confirm that replication of BoHV-4 in BEC primary cultures is affected by previous infection with BVDV. This finding highlights the importance of ruling out BVDV infection in bovine primary cell cultures to avoid biological interference or misinterpretation of results at the time of performing in vitro studies with BoHV-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Romeo
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Godoy Cruz 2370, C1425FQD, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - E Louge Uriarte
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S G Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - E González-Altamiranda
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S Pereyra
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Morán
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA)/CIVETAN, Sede Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Odeón
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - S Pérez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA)/CIVETAN, Sede Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Verna
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Suarez-Bregua P, Pérez-Figueroa A, Hernández-Urcera J, Morán P, Rotllant J. Temperature-independent genome-wide DNA methylation profile in turbot post-embryonic development. J Therm Biol 2020; 88:102483. [PMID: 32125973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.102483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The morphological and biological characteristics of ectothermic vertebrates are known to be strongly influenced by environmental conditions, particularly temperature. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation have been reported to contribute to the phenotypic plasticity observed in vertebrates in response to environmental changes. Additionally, DNA methylation is a dynamic process that occurs throughout vertebrate ontogeny and it has been associated with the activation and silencing of gene expression during post-embryonic development and metamorphosis. In this study, we investigated genome-wide DNA methylation profiles during turbot metamorphosis, as well as the epigenetic effects of temperature on turbot post-embryonic development. Fish growth and rates of development were greatly affected by rearing temperature. Thus, turbot raised at ambient temperature (18 °C) achieved greater body weights and progressed through development more quickly than those reared at a colder temperature (14 °C). Genome-wide DNA methylation dynamics analyzed via a methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) technique were not significantly different between animals reared within the two different thermal environments. Furthermore, comparisons between phenotypically similar fish revealed that genome-wide DNA methylation profiles do not necessarily correlate with specific developmental stages in turbot.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Suarez-Bregua
- Department of Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Institute of Marine Research (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
| | - A Pérez-Figueroa
- Dep. Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Spain; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Univ. Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Hernández-Urcera
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Vigo, Spain
| | - P Morán
- Dep. Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
| | - J Rotllant
- Department of Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Institute of Marine Research (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
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Morán P, Labbé L, Garcia de Leaniz C. The male handicap: male-biased mortality explains skewed sex ratios in brown trout embryos. Biol Lett 2016; 12:20160693. [PMID: 27928001 PMCID: PMC5206587 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile sex ratios are often assumed to be equal for many species with genetic sex determination, but this has rarely been tested in fish embryos due to their small size and absence of sex-specific markers. We artificially crossed three populations of brown trout and used a recently developed genetic marker for sexing the offspring of both pure and hybrid crosses. Sex ratios (SR = proportion of males) varied widely one month after hatching ranging from 0.15 to 0.90 (mean = 0.39 ± 0.03). Families with high survival tended to produce balanced or male-biased sex ratios, but SR was significantly female-biased when survival was low, suggesting that males sustain higher mortality during development. No difference in SR was found between pure and hybrid families, but the existence of sire × dam interactions suggests that genetic incompatibility may play a role in determining sex ratios. Our findings have implications for animal breeding and conservation because skewed sex ratios will tend to reduce effective population size and bias selection estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Morán
- Universidad de Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - L Labbé
- IFREMER-INRA, BP 117, 29450 Sizun, France
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Saura M, Chtioui A, Fernández AI, Morán P, Kent MP, Villanueva B. P4035 Exploiting Genomic Data of Spanish Atlantic salmon to identify genes involved in sex determination and to estimate effective population size. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.94supplement495a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Alonso M, Builes L, Morán P, Ortega A, Fernández E, Reinoso-Barbero F. Clinical experience with desflurane for paediatric anaesthesia outside the operating room. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 64:6-12. [PMID: 27381256 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desflurane has been used in paediatric patients for several surgical indications. This article analyses the efficacy and safety of desflurane for diagnostic-therapeutic procedures in remote areas far from operating room in a group of selected patients with no known associated respiratory disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 2,072 general anaesthesia procedures stored in a computer database, in which desflurane was used in a Paediatric Pain Unit during the years 2013 and 2014. An analysis was also performed using the patient demographics, type of procedure, anaesthetic technique, type of airway management, patient cooperation, and incidence of anaesthetic complications. RESULTS The study included 876 patients, with a mean age of 8.8 years. The main procedures were bone marrow aspirates (23%), lumbar punctures (20%), panendoscopies (15%), and colonoscopies (5%). Induction was intravenous with propofol (26%) or inhalation with sevoflurane in the remaining 74%. Maintenance consisted of remifentanil and desflurane at mean end tidal concentrations of 6.2±2.1%. The airway was managed through a nasal cannula or face mask in spontaneous ventilation. The effectiveness was 98%, and the incidence of side effects was 15%, which included agitation (6%), headache (4%), nausea-vomiting (3%), and laryngospasm (2%). CONCLUSION The maintenance with desflurane (at concentrations close to the hypnotic-MAC in spontaneous ventilation) was effective, with a rapid recovery, and with a low incidence of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alonso
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación, Tratamiento del Dolor Infantil, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
| | - L Builes
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación, Tratamiento del Dolor Infantil, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
| | - P Morán
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación, Tratamiento del Dolor Infantil, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
| | - A Ortega
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación, Tratamiento del Dolor Infantil, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
| | - E Fernández
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación, Tratamiento del Dolor Infantil, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
| | - F Reinoso-Barbero
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación, Tratamiento del Dolor Infantil, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
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Covelo-Soto L, Leunda PM, Pérez-Figueroa A, Morán P. Genome-wide methylation study of diploid and triploid brown trout (Salmo trutta L.). Anim Genet 2015; 46:280-8. [PMID: 25917300 DOI: 10.1111/age.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The induction of triploidization in fish is a very common practice in aquaculture. Although triploidization has been applied successfully in many salmonid species, little is known about the epigenetic mechanisms implicated in the maintenance of the normal functions of the new polyploid genome. By means of methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) techniques, genome-wide methylation changes associated with triploidization were assessed in DNA samples obtained from diploid and triploid siblings of brown trout (Salmo trutta). Simple comparative body measurements showed that the triploid trout used in the study were statistically bigger, however, not heavier than their diploid counterparts. The statistical analysis of the MSAP data showed no significant differences between diploid and triploid brown trout in respect to brain, gill, heart, liver, kidney or muscle samples. Nonetheless, local analysis pointed to the possibility of differences in connection with concrete loci. This is the first study that has investigated DNA methylation alterations associated with triploidization in brown trout. Our results set the basis for new studies to be undertaken and provide a new approach concerning triploidization effects of the salmonid genome while also contributing to the better understanding of the genome-wide methylation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Covelo-Soto
- Dpto Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, 36210, Spain
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Seco J, Rodríguez-Pérez V, López-Rodríguez AF, Torres-Unda J, Echevarria E, Díez-Alegre MI, Ortega A, Morán P, Mendoza-Laíz N, Abecia Inchaurregui LC. Effects of Vibration Therapy on Hormone Response and Stress in Severely Disabled Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Rehabil Nurs 2015; 40:166-78. [DOI: 10.1002/rnj.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Catena M, Teruel M, Morán P, Chiapparrone M, Echevarria H, Soto P. In vitro Development of Murine Embryos in presence of Campylobacter fetus. INT J MORPHOL 2013. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022013000400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Galindo J, Morán P, Rolán-Alvarez E. Comparing geographical genetic differentiation between candidate and noncandidate loci for adaptation strengthens support for parallel ecological divergence in the marine snail Littorina saxatilis. Mol Ecol 2011; 18:919-30. [PMID: 19207246 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The Galician sympatric ecotypes of Littorina saxatilis have been proposed as a model system for studying parallel ecological speciation. Such a model system makes a clear prediction: candidate loci (for divergent adaptation) should present a higher level of geographical differentiation than noncandidate (neutral) loci. We used 2356 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and four microsatellite loci to identify candidate loci for ecological adaptation using the F(ST) outlier method. Three per cent of the studied AFLP loci were identified as candidate loci associated with adaptation, after multitest adjustments, thus contributing to ecotype differentiation (candidate loci were not detected within ecotypes). Candidate and noncandidate loci were analysed separately at four different F(ST) partitions: differences between ecotypes (overall and local), differences between localities and micro-geographical differences within ecotypes. The magnitude of F(ST) differed between candidate and noncandidate loci for all partitions except in the case of micro-geographical differentiation within ecotypes, and the microsatellites (putatively neutral) showed an identical pattern to noncandidate loci. Thus, variation in candidate loci is determined partially independent by divergent natural selection (in addition to stochastic forces) at each locality, while noncandidate loci are exclusively driven by stochastic forces. These results support the evolutionary history described for these particular populations, considered to be a clear example of incomplete sympatric ecological speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Galindo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Deive FJ, Domínguez A, Barrio T, Moscoso F, Morán P, Longo MA, Sanromán MA. Decolorization of dye Reactive Black 5 by newly isolated thermophilic microorganisms from geothermal sites in Galicia (Spain). J Hazard Mater 2010; 182:735-742. [PMID: 20655659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, thermophilic microbial strains from thermal spots in northwestern Spain displaying excellent decolorization capability were isolated. The research work tackled: (i) the ability of consortia to degrade a model di-azo dye Reactive Black at different pHs in flask cultures, obtaining that just neutral pHs licensed degradation levels near to 70%, (ii) the isolation of tree of the bacteria, which rendered possible reaching high levels of decolorization (80%) after just 24 h in aerobic conditions, and which were identified through 16S rRNA sequencing to possess high homology (99%) with Anoxybacillus pushchinoensis, Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis and Anoxybacillus flavithermus, and (iii) the cultivation of the isolates in a bench-scale bioreactor, which led to a decolorization rate two-fold higher than that obtained in flask cultures. Therefore, this work makes up the first time that a decolorization process of an azo dye by thermophilic microorganisms in aerobic conditions is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Deive
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Morán P, Gómez A, Valadez A, García G, Ramos F, González E, Limón A, Riebeling C, Valenzuela O, Rojas L, Melendro EI, Ximénez C. Periodicity and patterns of Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar infection in HIV+/AIDS patients in Mexico. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2010; 103:307-15. [PMID: 19508748 DOI: 10.1179/136485909x435030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In a 12-month longitudinal study, a cohort of Mexican HIV+/AIDS patients was checked several times for Entamoeba infection, with the parasites identified, as E. histolytica or E. dispar, using PCR. The polymorphic region of the parasites' chitinase genes was investigated by PCR, with the variation in amplicon sizes being used as a measure of the genetic variation among the isolates. The patients found infected with Entamoeba at the start of the study displayed varied patterns of infection clearance and re-infection. The analysis of the polymorphisms in the chitinase gene revealed seven polymorphic patterns in the E. histolytica isolates investigated and three in the E. dispar isolates. Many of the patients were each re-infected with Entamoeba at least once during the 12 months of follow-up. As seen in a previous study in Mexico, none of the E. histolytica-infected patients developed any clinical symptoms of invasive amoebiasis during the follow-up period. The results highlight the complexity of the host-parasite relationship in human amoebiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Morán
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, and Unidad de Investigación Médical en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Hospital de Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI IMSS, México, Mexico
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Catena M, Teruel M, Morán P, Chiapparrone M, Echevarría H, Monteavaro C, Soto P. Evaluación del desarrollo preimplantacional de embriones murinos in vitro en presencia de Campylobacter fetus venerealis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.30972/vet.1921888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
<p>La campylobacteriosis genital bovina es una enfermedad distribuida mundialmente que causa infertilidad y aborto. Los mecanismos relacionados con la patogenia de Campylobacter fetus sobre el embrión bovino son aún poco conocidos. Para estudiar el efecto de Campylobacter fetus venerealis en el desarrollo embrionario se utilizaron mórulas y blastocistos murinos. Las mórulas se cultivaron en medio Ham F10 como grupo control (GA; n: 97), más la adición de Campylobacter fetus venerealis (GB; n: 129), adicionado con filtrado libre de células (GC; n: 119) y con caldo Brucella (GD; n: 94). Los blastocistos se cultivaron en medio MEM, grupo control (G1: n: 24), y en MEM más suspensión de Campylobacter fetus venerealis, grupo desafiado (G2; n: 35). A partir de mórulas se evaluaron los porcentajes de diferenciación y hatching. En blastocistos se evaluaron los porcentajes de: hatching, hatched, adhesión y expansión. Los resultados se analizaron mediante Chi². La diferenciación resultó menor a las 24 horas para los grupos GB (66,6%), GC (65,3%) y GD (67,0%) respecto al control (82,5%; p<0,05). A las 48 horas sólo el grupo GC fue menor al control (70,7% y 89,6% respectivamente; p<0,05). El porcentaje de hatching a las 48 horas fue superior en los grupos GB (71,2%) y GC (70,3%) respecto al control (49,4%; p>0,05). A las 72 horas el hatching resultó superior en los grupos GB (79,2%) y GC (83,5%) comparado con el control (65,5%); el GD no<br />mostró diferencias con el control tanto a las 48 como a las 72 horas de cultivo (p>0,05). En el ensayo de blastocistos no hubo diferencias entre grupos para ninguno de los parámetros evaluados. Se concluye que en este modelo experimental, Campylobacter fetus venerealis no afectó negativamente el desarrollo temprano de embriones murinos, aunque los porcentajes de diferenciación y hatching en GC mostraron diferencias respecto al control.</p>
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Valenzuela O, Morán P, Gómez A, Cordova K, Corrales N, Cardoza J, Gómez N, Cano M, Ximénez C. Epidemiology of amoebic liver abscess in Mexico: the case of Sonora. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2008; 101:533-8. [PMID: 17716437 DOI: 10.1179/136485907x193851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O Valenzuela
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico, Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Boulevard Luis Encinas Jhonson y Blvd Rosales s/n, CP 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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Rodríguez R, Calzado A, Gómez-León N, Arenas A, Cuevas A, García-Castaño B, Morán LM, Morán P, Turrero A. [Quality assessment in single-slice spiral brain CT examinations of patients with cerebrovascular accident]. Radiologia 2006; 48:147-54. [PMID: 17058636 DOI: 10.1016/s0033-8338(06)73145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to apply quality criteria proposed by the European Commission (EC) Guidelines to the brain CT examinations for cerebrovascular accident (CVA) diagnosis at single-slice spiral CT scanners from five different hospitals in the Madrid area. MATERIAL AND METHODS A sample of 100 brain CT examinations was collected and independently reviewed by five radiologists, to determine the degree of fulfilment of image quality criteria. Dose measurements were performed to estimate the values of the CT dose indexes (CTDIw, CTDIair), the dose length product (DLP), and the effective dose (E). RESULTS Once the McNemar test was applied to the sample, the number of observers' readings was reduced to three. The quality criteria were, in general, fulfilled, since mean values of image quality score between 80% and 92% were deduced, with variation coefficients per centre in the range of 0.07-0.1. However, both visualization criteria 1.1.2 and 1.1.3 exhibited similar ranges of fulfilment (38% - 94%). The good compliance with critical reproduction criteria in the study reflected the capability of these CT scanners to create images of adequate quality, although optimisation should be achieved in some of the centres. Concerning radiation exposure, the mean values per centre of the dose quantities were in the range of 42-64 mGy for the weighted CTDI (CTDIw), 423-744 mGy x cm for DLP, and 1.1-1.9 mSv for E. CONCLUSIONS The mean values at three centres were close to but above the reference value proposed by the EC Guidelines for CTDIw (60 mGy), and lower than the corresponding reference level for DLP (1050 mGy x cm). Dose optimisation techniques focused on the adjustment of the CTDIw-related examination parameters were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rodríguez
- Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid.
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Rodríguez-Ramilo ST, Morán P, Caballero A. Relaxation of selection with equalization of parental contributions in conservation programs: an experimental test with Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 2005; 172:1043-54. [PMID: 16299385 PMCID: PMC1456204 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.105.051003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Equalization of parental contributions is one of the most simple and widely recognized methods to maintain genetic diversity in conservation programs, as it halves the rate of increase in inbreeding and genetic drift. It has, however, the negative side effect of implying a reduced intensity of natural selection so that deleterious genes are less efficiently removed from the population with possible negative consequences on the reproductive capacity of the individuals. Theoretical results suggest that the lower fitness resulting from equalization of family sizes relative to that for free contribution schemes is expected to be substantial only for relatively large population sizes and after many generations. We present a long-term experiment with Drosophila melanogaster, comparing the fitness performance of lines maintained with equalization of contributions (EC) and others maintained with no management (NM), allowing for free matings and contributions from parents. Two (five) replicates of size N = 100 (20) individuals of each type of line were maintained for 38 generations. As expected, EC lines retained higher gene diversity and allelic richness for four microsatellite markers and a higher heritability for sternopleural bristle number. Measures of life-history traits, such as egg-to-adult viability, mating success, and global fitness declined with generations, but no significant differences were observed between EC and NM lines. Our results, therefore, provide no evidence to suggest that equalization of family sizes entails a disadvantage on the reproductive capacity of conserved populations in comparison with no management procedures, even after long periods of captivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Rodríguez-Ramilo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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17
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Morán P, Chevalier M, Ten JI, Fernández Soto JM, Vañó E. A survey of patient dose and clinical factors in a full-field digital mammography system. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2005; 114:375-9. [PMID: 15933140 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we analyse the dose to 5034 patients (20 137 images) who underwent mammographic examinations with a full-field digital mammography (FFDM) system over a 2-y period. The information relevant to this study has been extracted from the image Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) headers. Entrance surface air-kerma (ESAK) without backscatter and average glandular dose (AGD) were estimated following the methodology proposed in the European Protocol on Dosimetry in Mammography. Mean values for patient age and compressed breast thickness were 56 +/- 11 y and 52 +/- 13 mm, respectively. The mean ESAK value was 8.1 mGy and the mean AGD was 1.9 mGy. In addition, the dose values from both FFDM and screening-film mammographic (SFM) examinations were compared. The third quartile (TQ) of the ESAK values delivered by the FFDM system was 33% lower and 32% higher than the TQ for SFM with slow and fast screen/film receptors. Differences between dose values for cranio-caudal (CC) and medio-lateral oblique (MLO) images (about 27% for SFM) decreased to 11% for FFDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Morán
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Morán LM, Rodríguez R, Calzado A, Turrero A, Arenas A, Cuevas A, García-Castaño B, Gómez N, Morán P. Image quality and dose evaluation in spiral chest CT examinations of patients with lung carcinoma. Br J Radiol 2004; 77:839-46. [PMID: 15482995 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/71539623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was undertaken to assess the quality of general chest CT examinations for indication of lung carcinoma according to the criteria proposed in the European Commission (EC) Guidelines, and to investigate their usefulness in the optimization of this practice. The criteria were evaluated for a sample of 100 examinations from five radiology departments in the Madrid area featuring single slice helical CT scanners with special emphasis on radiation dose and image quality. To determine the degree of compliance with the image criteria considered, the examinations were independently evaluated twice by five radiologists from the participating centres. A subsequent selection of the observers was made according to the consistency and independence of their readings. Dose measurements carried out in parallel supplied data to estimate the values of the CT dose indices (CTDI), dose-length product (DLP) and effective dose (E). The results show good compliance with the image criteria used - between 93% and 98% on average at the different sites, with variable degrees of internal deviation. 10 out of a total of 16 criteria proposed in the EC guidelines were met by practically all the examinations in the sample. The average weighted CTDI (CTDI(w)) values per site were in the range of 13-19 mGy; those of DLP were between 263 mGy cm and 577 mGy cm, and those of effective dose between 4 mSv and 9 mSv. The highest mean DLP value was below but close to the reference value proposed in the EC Document (650 mGy cm). In general, a weak correlation or no correlation at all was found between image quality scores and patient dose (DLP).
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Morán
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital de El Escorial, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Pérez J, Morán P, García-Vázquez E. Physical mapping of three minisatellite sequences in the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar
) genome. Anim Genet 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2052.1999.00471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Valenzuela O, Ramos F, Morán P, González E, Valadez A, Gómez A, Melendro EI, Ramiro M, Muñoz O, Ximénez C. Persistence of secretory antiamoebic antibodies in patients with past invasive intestinal or hepatic amoebiasis. Parasitol Res 2001; 87:849-52. [PMID: 11688892 DOI: 10.1007/s004360100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, it was demonstrated that in amoebic dysentery and amoebic liver abscess patients, the secretory response is long-lasting (> 12 months); and 50% of amoebic dysentery patients developed circulating antiamoebic IgG in comparison with 100% of amoebic liver abscess individuals. A total of 83% of these individuals developed high levels of serum anti-Entamoeba histolytica IgA. However, only 10.4% of the dysentery patients showed this anti-E. histolytica antibody isotype in serum. There was no correlation between secretory and serum antiamoebic response, suggesting independent inductive and effector sites in both compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Valenzuela
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, México DF, México
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ramiro
- Hospital Regional 1 de Octubre ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
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22
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González E, Rico G, Morán P, Ramos F, García G, Padilla G, Ramiro M, Valdez E, Muñoz O, Gómez A, Kretschmer R, Melendro EI, Ximénez C. Purification and biochemical characterization of three cysteine proteases of Entamoeba histolytica with potential application in epidemiologic trials. Arch Med Res 2000; 31:S49-52. [PMID: 11070220 DOI: 10.1016/s0188-4409(00)00218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E González
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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23
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Ramos F, Valdez E, Morán P, González E, Padilla G, Gómez A, Ramiro M, Melendro EI, Muñoz O, Clark CG, Ximénez C. Prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar in a highly endemic rural population. Arch Med Res 2000; 31:S34-5. [PMID: 11070214 DOI: 10.1016/s0188-4409(00)00106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Ramos
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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24
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Trichet V, Buisine N, Mouchel N, Morán P, Pendás AM, Le Pennec JP, Wolff J. Genomic analysis of the vitellogenin locus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reveals a complex history of gene amplification and retroposon activity. Mol Gen Genet 2000; 263:828-37. [PMID: 10905350 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitellogenins (Vtg) are the major yolk proteins in most oviparous organisms. They are encoded by a small number of genes--between one and four depending on the species. Characterization of the Vtg region in the genome of the rainbow trout reveals unusual features, however, in that this locus contains twenty complete genes and ten pseudogenes per haploid genome. The Vtg genes differ from each other by insertion, deletion and rearrangement events, although, at the sequence level, they show a high degree of similarity. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Southern analysis indicate that all gene copies are contained in a single 1,500-kb region, and that most of the genes form tandem arrays separated by a conserved 4.5-kb intergenic region. The presence of large reiterated fragments indicates that this region has been subjected to several amplification events. The presence of a retroposon element (called 19) in Vtg intron 9 appears to be responsible for the silencing of at least nine of the ten pseudogenes. Two other incomplete retrotransposons (one LTR- and one LINE-type) and sequences derived from a HIV-like retrovirus are inserted into the conserved intergenic region, very close to the transcription start site. Their presence in all Vtg 5'-flanking regions suggests a possible role in gene amplification at this locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Trichet
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Chimie Moléculaires, Université de Bretagne Sud, Vannes, France
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25
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Valdez E, del Carmen Martínez M, Gómez A, Cedillo R, Arellano J, Pérez ME, Ramos F, Morán P, González E, Valenzuela O, Melendro EI, Ramiro M, Kretschmer R, Muñoz O, Ximénez C. HLA characterization in adult asymptomatic cyst passers of Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar. Parasitol Res 1999; 85:833-6. [PMID: 10494810 DOI: 10.1007/s004360050641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed at studying the possible association of HLA antigens with Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar asymptomatic infection in a Mexican mestizo population. A case-control design was selected for evaluation of the role of genetic markers in parasite infection. For this purpose the HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR profiles of a population of asymptomatic E. histolytica/E. dispar adult cyst passers (cases) and a corresponding nonparasitized adult group (controls) followed for 12 months were identified. Entamoeba species were identified through zymodeme patterns and/or amplification of species-specific DNA sequences. A healthy, nonparasitized group of individuals was included as a control. Our results show that apparently, no specific HLA marker is associated with the asymptomatic cyst passers' condition. These findings have to be added to previous results in which, in contrast to a demonstrated association between HLA-DR3 and amebic liver abscess in Mexican mestizo adults and infants, no significant association with amebic rectocolitis was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Valdez
- Hospital de Pediatría Centro Médico Siglo XXI, IMSS, México
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26
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Martínez JL, Morán P, Pendas AM, Taggart JB, García-Vázquez E. Genetic characterization and chromosomal location of a single locus GT microsatellite from Atlantic salmon. Anim Genet 1999; 30:399-400. [PMID: 10582305 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2052.1999.00526-22.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J L Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- P Morán
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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28
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Ramos F, Zurabian R, Morán P, Ramiro M, Gómez A, Clark CG, Melendro EI, García G, Ximénez C. The effect of formalin fixation on the polymerase chain reaction characterization of Entamoeba histolytica. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1999; 93:335-6. [PMID: 10492774 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Formalin fixation is the most common storage, transportation and preservation method for stool samples. However, fixation dramatically reduces our ability to extract from stool samples DNA that is a suitable template for polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic tests. In this study we evaluated the effects of formalin concentration and of the time stored in fixative on the success of PCR amplification. We found that the deleterious effects of formalin are both time and concentration dependent and may result from fragmentation of fixed DNA during its purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ramos
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico
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29
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Ramos F, Valenzuela O, Morán P, González E, Ramiro M, Cedillo R, Martínez MC, Gómez A, Muñoz O, Melendro EI, Ximénez C. Anti-E. histolytica IgA antibodies in saliva of E. histolytica or E.dispar infected individuals: longitudinal study of cohorts. Arch Med Res 1997; 28 Spec No:327-9. [PMID: 9033120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Ramos
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico
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Abstract
During 1990-1992 a study of dose and image quality in mammography was carried out in the Madrid area. Values of air kerma and mean glandular dose per film estimated at 14 public and private centres (17 X-ray units) by means of the Leeds TOR(MAX) mammographic phantom and from a sample of patients were reported in a previous paper. This second paper describes image quality results obtained by the same Leeds TOR(MAX) phantom. Inferior image quality was found for units without a grid (most of them older systems) and/or using aluminium filtration. In units with a grid, inferior image quality was due to the low optical density of the images, the use of inadequate image receptors and the use of an aluminium filter. Image quality results were compared with the standards of the UK Breast Screening Programme and proposed European Guidelines. It is concluded that mammography image quality might be considered as acceptable when TOR(MAX) phantom films achieved at least 10 lp mm-1 and 1.2% for high contrast resolution and threshold contrast visibility (6 mm details) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chevalier
- Medical Physics Group, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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31
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Martínez JL, Morán P, García-Vázquez E, Pendás AM. Chromosomal localization of the major and 5S rRNA genes in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Cytogenet Cell Genet 1996; 73:149-52. [PMID: 8646885 DOI: 10.1159/000134328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The major (18S, 5.8S, and 28S) and 5S rRNA genes have been mapped by double fluorescent in situ hybridization to European eel metaphase chromosomes. The major rRNA genes were localized to a submetacentric pair of chromosomes that showed a consistent size polymorphism among the individuals studied. The 5S rRNA genes were clustered in a single locus that mapped to the centromeric region of an acrocentric pair. In contrast to the major rRNA genes, no detectable polymorphism, in either size or intensity of the fluorescent signal, was observed. The chromosomal organization of both families of rRNA genes are discussed in terms of genomic organization and chromosomal evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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32
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Abstract
Dose values and image quality in mammography resulting from a study carried out in the area of Madrid during 1990-1991 are presented in a two-part sequence. In this paper are reported the values of air kerma and mean glandular dose per film estimated at 14 centres by means of the Leeds TOR(MAX) mammographic phantom and from patient samples. The results obtained from patient measurements allow us to deduce that the TOR(MAX) phantom assembly used (4.5 cm thick) is equivalent to an average 5 cm thick compressed breast from the population in the area of Madrid. Approximately 75% of the air kerma values resulting from phantom estimations are below 6.6 and 12.2 mGy for X-ray units with and without grid, respectively. The mean glandular doses per film for 75% of the units with and without grid are below 1.5 and 1.7 mGy, respectively. The results showed that the higher values of both air kerma and mean glandular dose obtained for the units without grid result from the use of slow speed recording systems. On the other hand, the quality control programme carried out shows important faults in the performance of the X-ray units which have an important impact on both dose and image quality. Finally, the third quartile values of the air kerma and mean glandular dose per film (10.4 and 1.7 mGy, respectively), deduced by considering all the units (with and without grid), are proposed to be the reference values of the mammographic examinations during the aforementioned period. In a second paper, the image quality is analysed by using the same Leeds TOR(MAX) phantom. Results for each test object included in the phantom are discussed as a function of the X-ray unit characteristics. Subsequently, the phantom images obtained with each X-ray system are scored and the resulting values are compared with the corresponding dose values, so that the dose-image quality relationship for each unit is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Morán
- Medical Physics Group, Medical School, Complutense University of Madrid Spain
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33
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Pendás AM, Morán P, García-Vázquez E. Organization and chromosomal location of the major histone cluster in brown trout, Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. Chromosoma 1994; 103:147-52. [PMID: 8055712 DOI: 10.1007/bf00352324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The major histone cluster (hisDNA) was mapped by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to mitotic chromosomes of Atlantic salmon, brown trout, and rainbow trout. The data reveal that in the three species hisDNA is tandemly repeated in a single locus. Southern blots of genomic DNA indicate that these clusters are representative of the vast majority of the histone genes in these species. Similar reiteration values were found among the three species. Genetic variability in the hisDNA was found only in brown trout for an EcoRI site.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Pendás
- Departamento de Biologia Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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Vañó E, Velasco A, Morán P, González L, Alvarez Pedrosa CS. Evolution of diagnostic radiology in a big hospital during a 5 year period, and the derived collective dose. Br J Radiol 1993; 66:892-8. [PMID: 8220972 DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-66-790-892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An analysis is presented of the trends in the annual number of radiological examinations and in the average effective dose equivalent for each type of examination in a big Spanish hospital. Annual frequencies for each type of examination, annual average effective dose equivalent values for each study group, and the contribution of each examination group to the collective dose are presented. Also, sex and age distributions for several important examinations are given, and their impact on the collective dose is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vañó
- School of Medicine, San Carlos University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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35
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Abstract
Replication banding patterns have been obtained from in vivo treatment of Salmo salar using a modification of the 5-BrdU technique and in kidney cultures using the FPG staining method. Most of the chromosome pairs were identified in the karyotype based on the banding pattern, chromosome size, and centromere position. C-banding and replication banding patterns were compared.Key words: karyotype, replication banding, Salmo salar.
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Abstract
The ribosomal rRNA genes have been mapped by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to brown trout chromosomes. One major NOR chromosome pair and 8 novel minor NOR chromosome pairs have been found. Both major and minor NORs were closely related to polymorphic heterochromatin, as revealed by FISH and C-banding. These results are discussed with respect to NOR expression, the relationship between rDNA and heterochromatin, and evolutionary aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Pendás
- Departmento de Biologia Funcional, Area de Genetica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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37
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Ximénez C, Leyva O, Morán P, Ramos F, Melendro EI, Ramiro M, Martinez MC, Muñoz O, Kretschmer R, Arellano J. Entamoeba histolytica: antibody response to recent and past invasive events. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1993; 87:31-9. [PMID: 8346990 DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1993.11812737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Sero-epidemiological data from endemic amoebiasis areas are difficult to evaluate because the serology of individuals affected by an active process of Entamoeba histolytica tissue invasion is, at present, almost impossible to distinguish from that of individuals who have had an invasive event in the past. The present study compares serum antigenic recognition frequencies among three groups of individuals with different infective conditions: amoebic liver abscess patients; asymptomatic cyst passers; and individuals who have had amoebic liver abscess from one to three years before the study. Control groups consisted of Mexican and Canadian healthy adults. Western blots of E. histolytica membrane extract antigen were reacted with sera from the studied individuals, recognition frequency values were calculated and immunoplots of frequency differences were constructed. The results obtained suggest that the identification and purification of antigenic fractions, which are frequently recognized by sera of amoebic liver abscess patients (136, 132, 93, 70 and 62 kDa), or preferentially associated with past invasive events (144, 140 and 49 kDa), or related to the E. histolytica cyst passer condition (62 and 136 kDa), are important improvements in the use of serology for diagnosis and epidemiological studies in endemic areas of amoebiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ximénez
- UNAM, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Experimental, México City, D. F
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Pendás AM, Morán P, Garcia-Vázquez E. Ribosomal RNA genes are interspersed throughout a heterochromatic chromosome arm in Atlantic salmon. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1993; 63:128-30. [PMID: 8467712 DOI: 10.1159/000133517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) have been mapped by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using four rDNA probes (rDNA/FISH) to Atlantic salmon chromosomes. Signals appeared over the whole heterochromatic chromosome arm displaying the secondary constriction and satellites. The size polymorphism of this sort arm, revealed by C-banding, was confirmed by rDNA/FISH, supporting large interindividual differences in the number of rDNA copies. Conventional techniques for the detection of nucleolar organizer regions are discussed, and their results are compared with those of rDNA/FISH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Pendás
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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García-Vázquez E, Morán P, Pendás AM, Linde AR, Izquierdo JI. Studies in individual spawnings of Salmo salar: a model to explain chromosome polymorphism patterns. Theor Appl Genet 1992; 85:61-67. [PMID: 24197229 DOI: 10.1007/bf00223845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/1991] [Accepted: 02/26/1992] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Atlantic salmon fry from nine offspring belonging to individual spawnings were karyotyped. Different patterns of Robertsonian chromosome polymorphism were obtained. A theoretical model is developed to explain the different chromosome polymorphism patterns in Salmo salar offspring in terms of the chromosome numbers of the parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E García-Vázquez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional (Genética), Universidad de Oviedo, 33071, Oviedo, Spain
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Ximénez C, Sosa O, Leyva O, Morán P, Melendro EI, Ramiro M. Western blot of Entamoeba histolytica antigenic fractions: reactivity analysis with sera from intestinal amoebiasis patients. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1992; 86:121-7. [PMID: 1417202 DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1992.11812641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of sera from acute-phase intestinal amoebiasis patients (two weeks evolution) was studied to determine which of the Entamoeba histolytica antigens are most frequently immunogenic. Sera were examined by means of immunoelectrotransferase assay using crude extract of HM1:IMSS E. histolytica trophozoites. Three populations of clinically healthy adults from Mexico, Canada and Germany, with no evidence of parasites in faeces, were used as controls. The frequency of antigen recognition was analysed. In ailing individuals, the bands of 23, 24, 26 and 51 kDa were recognized most frequently (65 and 60%) followed by the 62 kDa band (56%). The combination of some of these bands, namely 3.4, 4.1 and 6.7, with molecular weights of 62, 51 and 24 kDa, increased the recognition frequency of patients to 91.4%. These results constitute a first but important step towards the design of more accurate methods for the successful immunodiagnosis and epidemiology of acute intestinal amoebiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ximénez
- Subdivisión de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM Mexico City
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Abstract
A numerical method has been developed to estimate the organ doses and effective dose-equivalent for patients undergoing three "complex" examinations (barium meal, barium enema and intravenous urography). The separation of radiological procedures into a set of standard numerical views is based on the use of Monte Carlo conversion factors and measurements within a Remab phantom. The radiation doses measured in a phantom for such examinations have been compared with the predictions of the "numerical" method. Dosimetric measurements with thermoluminescent dosemeters attached to the patient's skin along with measurements of the dose-area product during the examination have enabled us to derive organ doses and to estimate the effective dose-equivalent. Mean frequency weighted values of dose-area product, energy imparted to the patient, doses to a set of organs and effective dose-equivalent in the area of Madrid are reported. Comparisons of the results with those from similar surveys in other countries have been made.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Calzado
- Cátedra de Física Médica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
The Medical Physics Group at the Complutense University of Madrid has been co-ordinating, for approximately 1 year, a project on optimization of radiation protection in diagnostic radiology, in co-operation with the other states of the European Community. Exhaustive data on the subject, which offer accurate results on patient dosimetry for the different types of examination, are the final aim of the project. So far, it has been possible to analyse in detail the data from the National Institute of Health (NIH), which manages the care of about 96% of the Spanish population, plus the findings from several hospitals, outpatient centres and private clinics of the community of Madrid, which allowed us to perform the first dose estimations and to extrapolate them to the rest of Spain. The following estimations are presented: annual frequency of different examinations, their variation from 1985 to 1986, number of diagnostic rooms used for a given minimum of annual examinations, organ doses for different examinations, effective dose-equivalent, genetically significant dose for some examinations, as well as the collective dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vañó
- Medical Physics Group, Medical School, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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