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Christiansen C, Potier L, Martin TC, Villicaña S, Castillo-Fernandez JE, Mangino M, Menni C, Tsai PC, Campbell PJ, Mullin S, Ordoñana JR, Monteagudo O, Sachdev PS, Mather KA, Trollor JN, Pietilainen KH, Ollikainen M, Dalgård C, Kyvik K, Christensen K, van Dongen J, Willemsen G, Boomsma DI, Magnusson PKE, Pedersen NL, Wilson SG, Grundberg E, Spector TD, Bell JT. Enhanced resolution profiling in twins reveals differential methylation signatures of type 2 diabetes with links to its complications. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105096. [PMID: 38574408 PMCID: PMC11004697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Previous findings suggest DNA methylation as a potential mechanism in T2D pathogenesis and progression. METHODS We profiled DNA methylation in 248 blood samples from participants of European ancestry from 7 twin cohorts using a methylation sequencing platform targeting regulatory genomic regions encompassing 2,048,698 CpG sites. FINDINGS We find and replicate 3 previously unreported T2D differentially methylated CpG positions (T2D-DMPs) at FDR 5% in RGL3, NGB and OTX2, and 20 signals at FDR 25%, of which 14 replicated. Integrating genetic variation and T2D-discordant monozygotic twin analyses, we identify both genetic-based and genetic-independent T2D-DMPs. The signals annotate to genes with established GWAS and EWAS links to T2D and its complications, including blood pressure (RGL3) and eye disease (OTX2). INTERPRETATION The results help to improve our understanding of T2D disease pathogenesis and progression and may provide biomarkers for its complications. FUNDING Funding acknowledgements for each cohort can be found in the Supplementary Note.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louis Potier
- APHP, Paris Cité University, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- King's College London, UK; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Shelby Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kirsi H Pietilainen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland; HealthyWeightHub, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Scott G Wilson
- King's College London, UK; Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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Lafontaine N, Shore CJ, Campbell PJ, Mullin BH, Brown SJ, Panicker V, Dudbridge F, Brix TH, Hegedüs L, Wilson SG, Bell JT, Walsh JP. Epigenome-wide Association Study Shows Differential DNA Methylation of MDC1, KLF9, and CUTA in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:992-999. [PMID: 37962983 PMCID: PMC10940258 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) includes Graves disease (GD) and Hashimoto disease (HD), which often run in the same family. AITD etiology is incompletely understood: Genetic factors may account for up to 75% of phenotypic variance, whereas epigenetic effects (including DNA methylation [DNAm]) may contribute to the remaining variance (eg, why some individuals develop GD and others HD). OBJECTIVE This work aimed to identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) comparing GD to HD. METHODS Whole-blood DNAm was measured across the genome using the Infinium MethylationEPIC array in 32 Australian patients with GD and 30 with HD (discovery cohort) and 32 Danish patients with GD and 32 with HD (replication cohort). Linear mixed models were used to test for differences in quantile-normalized β values of DNAm between GD and HD and data were later meta-analyzed. Comb-p software was used to identify DMRs. RESULTS We identified epigenome-wide significant differences (P < 9E-8) and replicated (P < .05) 2 DMPs between GD and HD (cg06315208 within MDC1 and cg00049440 within KLF9). We identified and replicated a DMR within CUTA (5 CpGs at 6p21.32). We also identified 64 DMPs and 137 DMRs in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION Our study reveals differences in DNAm between GD and HD, which may help explain why some people develop GD and others HD and provide a link to environmental risk factors. Additional research is needed to advance understanding of the role of DNAm in AITD and investigate its prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lafontaine
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Christopher J Shore
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Vijay Panicker
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Thomas H Brix
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, 5000, Denmark
| | - Laszlo Hegedüs
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, 5000, Denmark
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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3
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Burns K, Mullin BH, Moolhuijsen LME, Laisk T, Tyrmi JS, Cui J, Actkins KV, Louwers YV, Davis LK, Dudbridge F, Azziz R, Goodarzi MO, Laivuori H, Mägi R, Visser JA, Laven JSE, Wilson SG, Day FR, Stuckey BGA. Body mass index stratified meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of polycystic ovary syndrome in women of European ancestry. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:208. [PMID: 38408933 PMCID: PMC10895801 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-09990-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex multifactorial disorder with a substantial genetic component. However, the clinical manifestations of PCOS are heterogeneous with notable differences between lean and obese women, implying a different pathophysiology manifesting in differential body mass index (BMI). We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from six well-characterised cohorts, using a case-control study design stratified by BMI, aiming to identify genetic variants associated with lean and overweight/obese PCOS subtypes. RESULTS The study comprised 254,588 women (5,937 cases and 248,651 controls) from individual studies performed in Australia, Estonia, Finland, the Netherlands and United States of America, and separated according to three BMI stratifications (lean, overweight and obese). Genome-wide association analyses were performed for each stratification within each cohort, with the data for each BMI group meta-analysed using METAL software. Almost half of the total study population (47%, n = 119,584) were of lean BMI (≤ 25 kg/m2). Two genome-wide significant loci were identified for lean PCOS, led by rs12000707 within DENND1A (P = 1.55 × 10-12) and rs2228260 within XBP1 (P = 3.68 × 10-8). One additional locus, LINC02905, was highlighted as significantly associated with lean PCOS through gene-based analyses (P = 1.76 × 10-6). There were no significant loci observed for the overweight or obese sub-strata when analysed separately, however, when these strata were combined, an association signal led by rs569675099 within DENND1A reached genome-wide significance (P = 3.22 × 10-9) and a gene-based association was identified with ERBB4 (P = 1.59 × 10-6). Nineteen of 28 signals identified in previous GWAS, were replicated with consistent allelic effect in the lean stratum. There were less replicated signals in the overweight and obese groups, and only 4 SNPs were replicated in each of the three BMI strata. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variation at the XBP1, LINC02905 and ERBB4 loci were associated with PCOS within unique BMI strata, while DENND1A demonstrated associations across multiple strata, providing evidence of both distinct and shared genetic features between lean and overweight/obese PCOS-affected women. This study demonstrated that PCOS-affected women with contrasting body weight are not only phenotypically distinct but also show variation in genetic architecture; lean PCOS women typically display elevated gonadotrophin ratios, lower insulin resistance, higher androgen levels, including adrenal androgens, and more favourable lipid profiles. Overall, these findings add to the growing body of evidence supporting a genetic basis for PCOS as well as differences in genetic patterns relevant to PCOS BMI-subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kharis Burns
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Loes M E Moolhuijsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Triin Laisk
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaakko S Tyrmi
- Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jinrui Cui
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ky'Era V Actkins
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yvonne V Louwers
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lea K Davis
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ricardo Azziz
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medicine, and Healthcare Organization & Policy, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannele Laivuori
- Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, hiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop S E Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Felix R Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bronwyn G A Stuckey
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Keogh Institute for Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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4
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Sterenborg RBTM, Steinbrenner I, Li Y, Bujnis MN, Naito T, Marouli E, Galesloot TE, Babajide O, Andreasen L, Astrup A, Åsvold BO, Bandinelli S, Beekman M, Beilby JP, Bork-Jensen J, Boutin T, Brody JA, Brown SJ, Brumpton B, Campbell PJ, Cappola AR, Ceresini G, Chaker L, Chasman DI, Concas MP, Coutinho de Almeida R, Cross SM, Cucca F, Deary IJ, Kjaergaard AD, Echouffo Tcheugui JB, Ellervik C, Eriksson JG, Ferrucci L, Freudenberg J, Fuchsberger C, Gieger C, Giulianini F, Gögele M, Graham SE, Grarup N, Gunjača I, Hansen T, Harding BN, Harris SE, Haunsø S, Hayward C, Hui J, Ittermann T, Jukema JW, Kajantie E, Kanters JK, Kårhus LL, Kiemeney LALM, Kloppenburg M, Kühnel B, Lahti J, Langenberg C, Lapauw B, Leese G, Li S, Liewald DCM, Linneberg A, Lominchar JVT, Luan J, Martin NG, Matana A, Meima ME, Meitinger T, Meulenbelt I, Mitchell BD, Møllehave LT, Mora S, Naitza S, Nauck M, Netea-Maier RT, Noordam R, Nursyifa C, Okada Y, Onano S, Papadopoulou A, Palmer CNA, Pattaro C, Pedersen O, Peters A, Pietzner M, Polašek O, Pramstaller PP, Psaty BM, Punda A, Ray D, Redmond P, Richards JB, Ridker PM, Russ TC, Ryan KA, Olesen MS, Schultheiss UT, Selvin E, Siddiqui MK, Sidore C, Slagboom PE, Sørensen TIA, Soto-Pedre E, Spector TD, Spedicati B, Srinivasan S, Starr JM, Stott DJ, Tanaka T, Torlak V, Trompet S, Tuhkanen J, Uitterlinden AG, van den Akker EB, van den Eynde T, van der Klauw MM, van Heemst D, Verroken C, Visser WE, Vojinovic D, Völzke H, Waldenberger M, Walsh JP, Wareham NJ, Weiss S, Willer CJ, Wilson SG, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Wouters HJCM, Wright MJ, Yang Q, Zemunik T, Zhou W, Zhu G, Zöllner S, Smit JWA, Peeters RP, Köttgen A, Teumer A, Medici M. Multi-trait analysis characterizes the genetics of thyroid function and identifies causal associations with clinical implications. Nat Commun 2024; 15:888. [PMID: 38291025 PMCID: PMC10828500 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
To date only a fraction of the genetic footprint of thyroid function has been clarified. We report a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of thyroid function in up to 271,040 individuals of European ancestry, including reference range thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free and total triiodothyronine (T3), proxies for metabolism (T3/FT4 ratio) as well as dichotomized high and low TSH levels. We revealed 259 independent significant associations for TSH (61% novel), 85 for FT4 (67% novel), and 62 novel signals for the T3 related traits. The loci explained 14.1%, 6.0%, 9.5% and 1.1% of the total variation in TSH, FT4, total T3 and free T3 concentrations, respectively. Genetic correlations indicate that TSH associated loci reflect the thyroid function determined by free T3, whereas the FT4 associations represent the thyroid hormone metabolism. Polygenic risk score and Mendelian randomization analyses showed the effects of genetically determined variation in thyroid function on various clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular risk factors and diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In conclusion, our results improve the understanding of thyroid hormone physiology and highlight the pleiotropic effects of thyroid function on various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie B T M Sterenborg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inga Steinbrenner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Tatsuhiko Naito
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eirini Marouli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Digital Environment Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tessel E Galesloot
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Oladapo Babajide
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Andreasen
- Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Obesity and Nutritional Sciences, The Novo Nordisk Foundation, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - John P Beilby
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ben Brumpton
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 7600, Norway
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Anne R Cappola
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Graziano Ceresini
- Oncological Endocrinology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simone M Cross
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy
- Università di Sassari, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, V.le San Pietro, 07100, Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - Ian J Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alisa Devedzic Kjaergaard
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 11, Entrance A, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Justin B Echouffo Tcheugui
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Christina Ellervik
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Faculty of Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National University Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Study Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Martin Gögele
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Sarah E Graham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivana Gunjača
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Barbara N Harding
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stig Haunsø
- Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jennie Hui
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Population Health Unit, Helsinki and Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jørgen K Kanters
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center of Physiological Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Line L Kårhus
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lambertus A L M Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C M Liewald
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center of Physiological Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesus V T Lominchar
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Antonela Matana
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Marcel E Meima
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute for Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Baltimore, USA
- Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Line T Møllehave
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Samia Mora
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Silvia Naitza
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Romana T Netea-Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Casia Nursyifa
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Stefano Onano
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Areti Papadopoulou
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Division of Population Health Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, DD19SY, Dundee, UK
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maik Pietzner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ante Punda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Paul Redmond
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Brent Richards
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Tom C Russ
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Baltimore, USA
| | - Morten Salling Olesen
- Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla T Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV - Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Moneeza K Siddiqui
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Carlo Sidore
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 09042, Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Enrique Soto-Pedre
- Division of Population Health Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, DD19SY, Dundee, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- The Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Campus, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Beatrice Spedicati
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sundararajan Srinivasan
- Division of Population Health Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, DD19SY, Dundee, UK
| | - John M Starr
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David J Stott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Study Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vesela Torlak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna Tuhkanen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik B van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Tibbert van den Eynde
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Melanie M van der Klauw
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Verroken
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - W Edward Visser
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stefan Weiss
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Scott G Wilson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- The Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Campus, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke J C M Wouters
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Wei Zhou
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gu Zhu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Johannes W A Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Marco Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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5
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Kenny J, Mullin BH, Tomlinson W, Robertson B, Yuan J, Chen W, Zhao J, Pavlos NJ, Walsh JP, Wilson SG, Tickner J, Morahan G, Xu J. Age-dependent genetic regulation of osteoarthritis: independent effects of immune system genes. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:232. [PMID: 38041181 PMCID: PMC10691153 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease with a heritable component. Genetic loci identified via genome-wide association studies (GWAS) account for an estimated 26.3% of the disease trait variance in humans. Currently, there is no method for predicting the onset or progression of OA. We describe the first use of the Collaborative Cross (CC), a powerful genetic resource, to investigate knee OA in mice, with follow-up targeted multi-omics analysis of homologous regions of the human genome. METHODS We histologically screened 275 mice for knee OA and conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in the complete cohort (> 8 months) and the younger onset sub-cohort (8-12 months). Multi-omic analysis of human genetic datasets was conducted to investigate significant loci. RESULTS We observed a range of OA phenotypes. QTL mapping identified a genome-wide significant locus on mouse chromosome 19 containing Glis3, the human equivalent of which has been identified as associated with OA in recent GWAS. Mapping the younger onset sub-cohort identified a genome-wide significant locus on chromosome 17. Multi-omic analysis of the homologous region of the human genome (6p21.32) indicated the presence of pleiotropic effects on the expression of the HLA - DPB2 gene and knee OA development risk, potentially mediated through the effects on DNA methylation. CONCLUSIONS The significant associations at the 6p21.32 locus in human datasets highlight the value of the CC model of spontaneous OA that we have developed and lend support for an immune role in the disease. Our results in mice also add to the accumulating evidence of a role for Glis3 in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Kenny
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - William Tomlinson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Brett Robertson
- Australian Institute of Robotic Orthopaedics, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jinbo Yuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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6
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Mullin BH, Zhu K, Brown SJ, Mullin S, Dudbridge F, Pavlos NJ, Richards JB, Grundberg E, Bell JT, Zeggini E, Walsh JP, Xu J, Wilson SG. Leveraging osteoclast genetic regulatory data to identify genes with a role in osteoarthritis. Genetics 2023; 225:iyad150. [PMID: 37579195 PMCID: PMC10550309 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a growing interest in the role of the subchondral bone and its resident osteoclasts in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 100 independent association signals for OA traits. Most of these signals are led by noncoding variants, suggesting that genetic regulatory effects may drive many of the associations. We have generated a unique human osteoclast-like cell-specific expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) resource for studying the genetics of bone disease. Considering the potential role of osteoclasts in the pathogenesis of OA, we performed an integrative analysis of this dataset with the recently published OA GWAS results. Summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) and colocalization analyses identified 38 genes with a potential role in OA, including some that have been implicated in Mendelian diseases with joint/skeletal abnormalities, such as BICRA, EIF6, CHST3, and FBN2. Several OA GWAS signals demonstrated colocalization with more than one eQTL peak, including at 19q13.32 (hip OA with BCAM, PRKD2, and BICRA eQTL). We also identified a number of eQTL signals colocalizing with more than one OA trait, including FAM53A, GCAT, HMGN1, MGAT4A, RRP7BP, and TRIOBP. An SMR analysis identified 3 loci with evidence of pleiotropic effects on OA-risk and gene expression: LINC01481, CPNE1, and EIF6. Both CPNE1 and EIF6 are located at 20q11.22, a locus harboring 2 other strong OA candidate genes, GDF5 and UQCC1, suggesting the presence of an OA-risk gene cluster. In summary, we have used our osteoclast-specific eQTL dataset to identify genes potentially involved with the pathogenesis of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Shelby Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - J Brent Richards
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Elin Grundberg
- Genomic Medicine Center, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Children’s Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Translational Genomics, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
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7
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Mulder TA, Campbell PJ, Taylor PN, Peeters RP, Wilson SG, Medici M, Dayan C, Jaddoe VVW, Walsh JP, Martin NG, Tiemeier H, Korevaar TIM. Genetic determinants of thyroid function in children. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:164-174. [PMID: 37530217 PMCID: PMC10402705 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genome-wide association studies in adults have identified 42 loci associated with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and 21 loci associated with free thyroxine (FT4) concentrations. While biologically plausible, age-dependent effects have not been assessed. We aimed to study the association of previously identified genetic determinants of TSH and FT4 with TSH and FT4 concentrations in newborns and (pre)school children. METHODS We selected participants from three population-based prospective cohorts with data on genetic variants and thyroid function: Generation R (N = 2169 children, mean age 6 years; N = 2388 neonates, the Netherlands), the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; N = 3382, age 7.5 years, United Kingdom), and the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study (BLTS; N = 1680, age 12.1 years, Australia). The association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with TSH and FT4 concentrations was studied with multivariable linear regression models. Weighted polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were defined to combine SNP effects. RESULTS In childhood, 30/60 SNPs were associated with TSH and 11/31 SNPs with FT4 after multiple testing correction. The effect sizes for AADAT, GLIS3, TM4SF4, and VEGFA were notably larger than in adults. The TSH PRS explained 5.3%-8.4% of the variability in TSH concentrations; the FT4 PRS explained 1.5%-4.2% of the variability in FT4 concentrations. Five TSH SNPs and no FT4 SNPs were associated with thyroid function in neonates. CONCLUSIONS The effects of many known thyroid function SNPs are already apparent in childhood and some might be notably larger in children as compared to adults. These findings provide new knowledge about genetic regulation of thyroid function in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa A Mulder
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Peter N Taylor
- Thyroid Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, United Kingdom
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands
| | - Colin Dayan
- Center for Endocrine and Diabetes Science, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent V W Jaddoe
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Tim I M Korevaar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CA 3000, The Netherlands
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8
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Medina-Gomez C, Mullin BH, Chesi A, Prijatelj V, Kemp JP, Shochat-Carvalho C, Trajanoska K, Wang C, Joro R, Evans TE, Schraut KE, Li-Gao R, Ahluwalia TS, Zillikens MC, Zhu K, Mook-Kanamori DO, Evans DS, Nethander M, Knol MJ, Thorleifsson G, Prokic I, Zemel B, Broer L, McGuigan FE, van Schoor NM, Reppe S, Pawlak MA, Ralston SH, van der Velde N, Lorentzon M, Stefansson K, Adams HHH, Wilson SG, Ikram MA, Walsh JP, Lakka TA, Gautvik KM, Wilson JF, Orwoll ES, van Duijn CM, Bønnelykke K, Uitterlinden AG, Styrkársdóttir U, Akesson KE, Spector TD, Tobias JH, Ohlsson C, Felix JF, Bisgaard H, Grant SFA, Richards JB, Evans DM, van der Eerden B, van de Peppel J, Ackert-Bicknell C, Karasik D, Kague E, Rivadeneira F. Bone mineral density loci specific to the skull portray potential pleiotropic effects on craniosynostosis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:691. [PMID: 37402774 PMCID: PMC10319806 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04869-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skull bone mineral density (SK-BMD) provides a suitable trait for the discovery of key genes in bone biology, particularly to intramembranous ossification, not captured at other skeletal sites. We perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis (n ~ 43,800) of SK-BMD, identifying 59 loci, collectively explaining 12.5% of the trait variance. Association signals cluster within gene-sets involved in skeletal development and osteoporosis. Among the four novel loci (ZIC1, PRKAR1A, AZIN1/ATP6V1C1, GLRX3), there are factors implicated in intramembranous ossification and as we show, inherent to craniosynostosis processes. Functional follow-up in zebrafish confirms the importance of ZIC1 on cranial suture patterning. Likewise, we observe abnormal cranial bone initiation that culminates in ectopic sutures and reduced BMD in mosaic atp6v1c1 knockouts. Mosaic prkar1a knockouts present asymmetric bone growth and, conversely, elevated BMD. In light of this evidence linking SK-BMD loci to craniofacial abnormalities, our study provides new insight into the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of skeletal diseases.
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Grants
- UL1 TR000128 NCATS NIH HHS
- U01 AG042124 NIA NIH HHS
- U01 AG042145 NIA NIH HHS
- U01 AG042168 NIA NIH HHS
- U01 AG042140 NIA NIH HHS
- U24 AG051129 NIA NIH HHS
- R01 AR051124 NIAMS NIH HHS
- U01 AG027810 NIA NIH HHS
- U01 AR066160 NIAMS NIH HHS
- MC_UU_00007/10 Medical Research Council
- R01 HD058886 NICHD NIH HHS
- RC2 AR058973 NIAMS NIH HHS
- Wellcome Trust
- M01 RR000240 NCRR NIH HHS
- U01 AG042143 NIA NIH HHS
- UL1 RR026314 NCRR NIH HHS
- U01 AG042139 NIA NIH HHS
- EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council)
- European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)
- Wellcome Trust (Wellcome)
- Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
- ZonMw (Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development)
- EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (FP7-IDEAS-ERC - Specific Programme: "Ideas" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013))
- Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
- Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada)
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research)
- NCHA (Netherlands Consortium Healthy Ageing) Leiden/ Rotterdam; Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation (project KB-15-004-003); the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly [Netherlands] (014-93-015; RIDE2)
- Clinical and Translational Research Center (5-MO1-RR-000240 and UL1 RR-026314); U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) GrantRecipient="Au50"
- European Commission FP6 STRP grant number 018947 (LSHG-CT-2006-01947); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (NWO-RFBR 047.017.043); Netherlands Brain Foundation (project number F2013(1)-28) GrantRecipient="Au40"
- Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government (CZB/4/276, CZB/4/710) GrantRecipient="Au28"
- Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government (CZB/4/276, CZB/4/710) GrantRecipient="Au38"
- The Pawsey Supercomputing Centre (with Funding from the Australian Government and the Government of Western Australia; PG 16/0162, PG 17/director2025) GrantRecipient="Au45”
- European Commission (EC)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS);NIH Roadmap for Medical Research [USA]: U01 AG027810, U01 AG042124, U01 AG042139, U01 AG042140, U01 AG042143, U01 AG042145, U01 AG042168, U01 AR066160, and UL1 TR000128 GrantRecipient="Au39”
- Versus Arthritis [USA] 21937 GrantRecipient="Au57”
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Vid Prijatelj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John P Kemp
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | | | - Katerina Trajanoska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carol Wang
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Raimo Joro
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Tavia E Evans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, Scotland
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2820, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, 2820, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| | - Maria Nethander
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria J Knol
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ivana Prokic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Babette Zemel
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of GI, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona E McGuigan
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Natasja M van Schoor
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjur Reppe
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 0372, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0372, Oslo, Norway
- Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mikolaj A Pawlak
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701, Poznan, Poland
| | - Stuart H Ralston
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Nathalie van der Velde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | | | - Hieab H H Adams
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Latin American Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
| | - Kaare M Gautvik
- Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, Scotland
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Eric S Orwoll
- Department of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, OR97239, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2820, Denmark
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kristina E Akesson
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Orthopedics Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, S-21428, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jonathan H Tobias
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2820, Denmark
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - J Brent Richards
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada
| | - David M Evans
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Bram van der Eerden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van de Peppel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David Karasik
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Roslindale, MA, 02131, USA
| | - Erika Kague
- The School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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9
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Stuckey BGA, Jones TW, Ward BK, Wilson SG. Digenic Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Due to Heterozygous GNRH1 p.R31C and AMHR2 p.G445_L453del Variants. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1204. [PMID: 37372384 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A 28-year-old man with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) was found to be heterozygous for the GNRH1 p.R31C mutation, reported in the literature as pathogenic and dominant. The same mutation was found in his son at birth, but the testing of the infant at 64 days confirmed the hormonal changes associated with minipuberty. This led to further genetic sequencing of the patient and his son, which found a second variant, AMHR2 p.G445_L453del, in the heterozygous form, reported as pathogenic in the patient but not in his son. This suggests a digenic cause of the patient's CHH. Together, these mutations are postulated to contribute to CHH by the lack of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) signalling, leading to the impaired migration of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, the lack of the AMH effect on GnRH secretion, and altered GnRH decapeptide with reduced binding to GnRH receptors. This led us to the conclusion that the observed GNRH1 mutation in the heterozygous state is not certain to be dominant or, at least, exhibits incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. This report also emphasises the opportunity afforded by the time window of minipuberty in assessing the inherited genetic disorders of hypothalamic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn G A Stuckey
- Keogh Institute for Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Timothy W Jones
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Bryan K Ward
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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10
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Rashid S, Wilson SG, Zhu K, Walsh JP, Xu J, Mullin BH. Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Molecular Pathways Involved in Osteoclastogenesis Using RNA-seq. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040916. [PMID: 37107674 PMCID: PMC10137460 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease that is characterised by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and can be exacerbated by the excessive bone resorption of osteoclasts (OCs). Bioinformatic methods, including functional enrichment and network analysis, can provide information about the underlying molecular mechanisms that participate in the progression of osteoporosis. In this study, we harvested human OC-like cells differentiated in culture and their precursor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and characterised the transcriptome of the two cell types using RNA-sequencing in order to identify differentially expressed genes. Differential gene expression analysis was performed in RStudio using the edgeR package. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to identify enriched GO terms and signalling pathways, with inter-connected regions characterised using protein-protein interaction analysis. In this study, we identified 3201 differentially expressed genes using a 5% false discovery rate; 1834 genes were upregulated, whereas 1367 genes were downregulated. We confirmed a significant upregulation of several well-established OC genes including CTSK, DCSTAMP, ACP5, MMP9, ITGB3, and ATP6V0D2. The GO analysis suggested that upregulated genes are involved in cell division, cell migration, and cell adhesion, while the KEGG pathway analysis highlighted oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, lysosome, and focal adhesion pathways. This study provides new information about changes in gene expression and highlights key biological pathways involved in osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rashid
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6907, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6907, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6907, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6907, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6907, Australia
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6907, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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11
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Weihs A, Chaker L, Martin TC, Braun KV, Campbell PJ, Cox SR, Fornage M, Gieger C, Grabe HJ, Grallert H, Harris SE, Kühnel B, Marioni RE, Martin NG, McCartney DL, McRae AF, Meisinger C, van Meurs JB, Nano J, Nauck M, Peters A, Prokisch H, Roden M, Selvin E, Beekman M, van Heemst D, Slagboom EP, Swenson BR, Tin A, Tsai PC, Uitterlinden A, Visser WE, Völzke H, Waldenberger M, Walsh JP, Köttgen A, Wilson SG, Peeters RP, Bell JT, Medici M, Teumer A. Epigenome-Wide Association Study Reveals CpG Sites Associated with Thyroid Function and Regulatory Effects on KLF9. Thyroid 2023; 33:301-311. [PMID: 36719767 PMCID: PMC10024591 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Thyroid hormones play a key role in differentiation and metabolism and are known regulators of gene expression through both genomic and epigenetic processes including DNA methylation. The aim of this study was to examine associations between thyroid hormones and DNA methylation. Methods: We carried out a fixed-effect meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of blood DNA methylation sites from 8 cohorts from the ThyroidOmics Consortium, incorporating up to 7073 participants of both European and African ancestry, implementing a discovery and replication stage. Statistical analyses were conducted using normalized beta CpG values as dependent and log-transformed thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine, and free triiodothyronine levels, respectively, as independent variable in a linear model. The replicated findings were correlated with gene expression levels in whole blood and tested for causal influence of TSH and free thyroxine by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Results: Epigenome-wide significant associations (p-value <1.1E-7) of three CpGs for free thyroxine, five for free triiodothyronine, and two for TSH concentrations were discovered and replicated (combined p-values = 1.5E-9 to 4.3E-28). The associations included CpG sites annotated to KLF9 (cg00049440) and DOT1L (cg04173586) that overlap with all three traits, consistent with hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis physiology. Significant associations were also found for CpGs in FKBP5 for free thyroxine, and at CSNK1D/LINCO1970 and LRRC8D for free triiodothyronine. MR analyses supported a causal effect of thyroid status on DNA methylation of KLF9. DNA methylation of cg00049440 in KLF9 was inversely correlated with KLF9 gene expression in blood. The CpG at CSNK1D/LINC01970 overlapped with thyroid hormone receptor alpha binding peaks in liver cells. The total additive heritability of the methylation levels of the six significant CpG sites was between 25% and 57%. Significant methylation QTLs were identified for CpGs at KLF9, FKBP5, LRRC8D, and CSNK1D/LINC01970. Conclusions: We report novel associations between TSH, thyroid hormones, and blood-based DNA methylation. This study advances our understanding of thyroid hormone action particularly related to KLF9 and serves as a proof-of-concept that integrations of EWAS with other -omics data can provide a valuable tool for unraveling thyroid hormone signaling in humans by complementing and feeding classical in vitro and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Weihs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Layal Chaker
- Erasmus MC Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tiphaine C. Martin
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kim V.E. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Purdey J. Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Simon R. Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology; Institute of Genetics and Cancer; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sarah E. Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology; Institute of Genetics and Cancer; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Riccardo E. Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Daniel L. McCartney
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Allan F. McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Joyce B.J. van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopeadics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jana Nano
- Institute of Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Computational Health Center; Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty; Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty; Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marian Beekman
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine; Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eline P. Slagboom
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Brenton R. Swenson
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W. Edward Visser
- Erasmus MC Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine; University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - John P. Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Robin P. Peeters
- Erasmus MC Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jordana T. Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Medici
- Erasmus MC Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine; University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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12
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Abstract
Graves disease and Hashimoto disease form part of the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), to which genetic and environmental factors are recognized contributors. Epigenetics provides a potential link between environmental influences, gene expression, and thyroid autoimmunity. DNA methylation (DNAm) is the best studied epigenetic process, and global hypomethylation of leukocyte DNA is reported in several autoimmune disorders. This review summarizes the current understanding of DNAm in AITD. Targeted DNAm studies of blood samples from AITD patients have reported differential DNAm in the promoter regions of several genes implicated in AITD, including TNF, IFNG, IL2RA, IL6, ICAM1, and PTPN22. In many cases, however, the findings await replication and are unsupported by functional studies to support causal roles in AITD pathogenesis. Furthermore, thyroid hormones affect DNAm, and in many studies confounding by reverse causation has not been considered. Recent studies have shown that DNAm patterns in candidate genes including ITGA6, PRKAA2, and DAPK1 differ between AITD patients from regions with different iodine status, providing a potential mechanism for associations between iodine and AITD. Research focus in the field is moving from candidate gene studies to an epigenome-wide approach. Genome-wide methylation studies of AITD patients have demonstrated multiple differentially methylated positions, including some in immunoregulatory genes such as NOTCH1, HLA-DRB1, TNF, and ICAM1. Large, epigenome-wide studies are required to elucidate the pathophysiological role of DNAm in AITD, with the potential to provide novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lafontaine
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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13
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Tasnim S, Wilson SG, Walsh JP, Nyholt DR. Shared genetics and causal relationships between migraine and thyroid function traits. Cephalalgia 2023; 43:3331024221139253. [PMID: 36739509 DOI: 10.1177/03331024221139253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have reported a comorbid relationship between migraine and thyroid dysfunction. METHODS We investigated the genetic relationship between migraine and thyroid function traits using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. RESULTS We found a significant genetic correlation (rg) with migraine for hypothyroidism (rg = 0.0608), secondary hypothyroidism (rg = 0.195), free thyroxine (fT4) (rg = 0.0772), and hyperthyroidism (rg = -0.1046), but not thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Pairwise GWAS analysis revealed two shared loci with TSH and 11 shared loci with fT4. Cross-trait GWAS meta-analysis of migraine identified novel genome-wide significant loci: 17 with hypothyroidism, one with hyperthyroidism, five with secondary hypothyroidism, eight with TSH, and 15 with fT4. Of the genes at these loci, six (RERE, TGFB2, APLF, SLC9B1, SGTB, BTBD16; migraine + hypothyroidism), three (GADD45A, PFDN1, RSPH6A; migraine + TSH), and three (SSBP3, BRD3, TEF; migraine + fT4) were significant in our gene-based analysis (pFisher's combined P-value < 2.04 × 10-6). In addition, causal analyses suggested a negative causal relationship between migraine and hyperthyroidism (p = 8.90 × 10-3) and a positive causal relationship between migraine and secondary hypothyroidism (p = 1.30 × 10-3). CONCLUSION These findings provide strong evidence for genetic correlation and suggest complex causal relationships between migraine and thyroid traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Tasnim
- Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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14
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Tasnim S, Wilson SG, Walsh JP, Nyholt DR. Cross-Trait Genetic Analyses Indicate Pleiotropy and Complex Causal Relationships between Headache and Thyroid Function Traits. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:16. [PMID: 36672757 PMCID: PMC9858525 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported a comorbid relationship between headache and thyroid traits; however, little is known about the shared genetics and causality that contributes to this association. We investigated the genetic overlap and associations between headache and thyroid function traits using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. We found a significant genetic correlation (rg) with headache and hypothyroidism (rg = 0.09, p = 2.00 × 10−4), free thyroxine (fT4) (rg = 0.08, p = 5.50 × 10−3), and hyperthyroidism (rg = −0.14, p = 1.80 × 10−3), a near significant genetic correlation with secondary hypothyroidism (rg = 0.20, p = 5.24 × 10−2), but not with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Pairwise-GWAS analysis revealed six, 14, four and five shared (pleiotropic) loci with headache and hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, secondary hypothyroidism, and fT4, respectively. Cross-trait GWAS meta-analysis identified novel genome-wide significant loci for headache: five with hypothyroidism, three with secondary hypothyroidism, 12 with TSH, and nine with fT4. Of the genes at these loci, six (FAF1, TMX2-CTNND1, AARSD1, PLCD3, ZNF652, and C20orf203; headache-TSH) and six (HMGB1P45, RPL30P1, ZNF462, TMX2-CTNND1, ITPK1, SECISBP2L; headache-fT4) were significant in our gene-based analysis (pFisher’s combined p-value < 2.09 × 10−6). Our causal analysis suggested a positive causal relationship between headache and secondary hypothyroidism (p = 3.64 × 10−4). The results also suggest a positive causal relationship between hypothyroidism and headache (p = 2.45 × 10−3) and a negative causal relationship between hyperthyroidism and headache (p = 1.16 × 10−13). These findings suggest a strong evidence base for a genetic correlation and complex causal relationships between headache and thyroid traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Tasnim
- Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - John P. Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Dale R. Nyholt
- Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
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15
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Mullin BH, Pavlos NJ, Brown SJ, Walsh JP, McKellar RA, Wilson SG, Ward BK. Functional Assessment of Calcium-Sensing Receptor Variants Confirms Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcaemia. J Endocr Soc 2022; 6:bvac025. [PMID: 35356007 PMCID: PMC8962451 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Context In the clinic it is important to differentiate primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) from the more benign, inherited disorder, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH). Since the conditions may sometimes overlap biochemically, identification of calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene variants causative of FHH (but not PHPT) is the most decisive diagnostic aid. When novel variants are identified, bioinformatics and functional assessment are required to establish pathogenicity. Objective We identified 3 novel CASR transmembrane domain missense variants, Thr699Asn, Arg701Gly, and Thr808Pro, in 3 probands provisionally diagnosed with FHH and examined the variants using bioinformatics and functional analysis. Methods Bioinformatics assessment utilized wANNOVAR software. For functional characterization, each variant was cloned into a mammalian expression vector; wild-type and variant receptors were transfected into HEK293 cells, and their expression and cellular localization were assessed by Western blotting and confocal immunofluorescence, respectively. Receptor activation in HEK293 cells was determined using an IP-One ELISA assay following stimulation with Ca++ ions. Results Bioinformatics analysis of the variants was unable to definitively assign pathogenicity. Compared with wild-type receptor, all variants demonstrated impaired expression of mature receptor reaching the cell surface and diminished activation at physiologically relevant Ca++ concentrations. Conclusion Three CASR missense variants identified in probands provisionally diagnosed with FHH result in receptor inactivation and are therefore likely causative of FHH. Inactivation may be due to inadequate processing/trafficking of mature receptor and/or conformational changes induced by the variants affecting receptor signaling. This study demonstrates the value of functional studies in assessing genetic variants identified in hypercalcemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ross A McKellar
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Bryan K Ward
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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16
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Nolan J, Campbell PJ, Brown SJ, Zhu G, Gordon S, Lim EM, Joseph J, Cross SM, Panicker V, Medland SE, Melton PE, Beilin LJ, Mori TA, Mullin BH, Pennell CE, Wang CA, Dudbridge F, Walsh JP, Martin NG, Wilson SG. Genome-wide analysis of thyroid function in Australian adolescents highlights SERPINA7 and NCOA3. Eur J Endocrinol 2021; 185:743-753. [PMID: 34524976 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-0614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic factors underpin the narrow intraindividual variability of thyroid function, although precise contributions of environmental vs genetic factors remain uncertain. We sought to clarify the heritability of thyroid function traits and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contributing to the trait variance. METHODS Heritability of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (fT4), free T3 (fT3) and TPOAb in a cohort of 2854 euthyroid, dizygous and monozygous twins (age range 11.9-16.9 years) from the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study (BLTS) was assessed using structural equation modelling. A genome-wide analysis was conducted on 2832 of these individuals across 7 522 526 SNPs as well as gene-based association analyses. Replication analysis of the association results was performed in the Raine Study (n = 1115) followed by meta-analysis to maximise power for discovery. RESULTS Heritability of thyroid function parameters in the BLTS was 70.8% (95% CI: 66.7-74.9%) for TSH, 67.5% (59.8-75.3%) for fT4, 59.7% (54.4-65.0%) for fT3 and 48.8% (40.6-56.9%) for TPOAb. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the discovery cohort identified a novel association between rs2026401 upstream of NCOA3 and TPOAb. GWAS meta-analysis found associations between TPOAb and rs445219, also near NCOA3, and fT3 and rs12687280 near SERPINA7. Gene-based association analysis highlighted SERPINA7 for fT3 and NPAS3 for fT4. CONCLUSION Our findings resolve former contention regarding heritability estimates of thyroid function traits and TPOAb positivity. GWAS and gene-based association analysis identified variants accounting for a component of this heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Nolan
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gu Zhu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John Joseph
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Simone M Cross
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vijay Panicker
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Phillip E Melton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medical and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medical and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
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17
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Lafontaine N, Campbell PJ, Castillo-Fernandez JE, Mullin S, Lim EM, Kendrew P, Lewer M, Brown SJ, Huang RC, Melton PE, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Dudbridge F, Spector TD, Wright MJ, Martin NG, McRae AF, Panicker V, Zhu G, Walsh JP, Bell JT, Wilson SG. Epigenome-Wide Association Study of Thyroid Function Traits Identifies Novel Associations of fT3 With KLF9 and DOT1L. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e2191-e2202. [PMID: 33484127 PMCID: PMC8063248 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Circulating concentrations of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyrotropin (TSH) are partly heritable traits. Recent studies have advanced knowledge of their genetic architecture. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation (DNAm), may be important in pituitary-thyroid axis regulation and action, but data are limited. OBJECTIVE To identify novel associations between fT3, fT4, and TSH and differentially methylated positions (DMPs) in the genome in subjects from 2 Australian cohorts. METHOD We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of thyroid function parameters and DNAm using participants from: Brisbane Systems Genetics Study (median age 14.2 years, n = 563) and the Raine Study (median age 17.0 years, n = 863). Plasma fT3, fT4, and TSH were measured by immunoassay. DNAm levels in blood were assessed using Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip arrays. Analyses employed generalized linear mixed models to test association between DNAm and thyroid function parameters. Data from the 2 cohorts were meta-analyzed. RESULTS We identified 2 DMPs with epigenome-wide significant (P < 2.4E-7) associations with TSH and 6 with fT3, including cg00049440 in KLF9 (P = 2.88E-10) and cg04173586 in DOT1L (P = 2.09E-16), both genes known to be induced by fT3. All DMPs had a positive association between DNAm and TSH and a negative association between DNAm and fT3. There were no DMPs significantly associated with fT4. We identified 23 differentially methylated regions associated with fT3, fT4, or TSH. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated associations between blood-based DNAm and both fT3 and TSH. This may provide insight into mechanisms underlying thyroid hormone action and/or pituitary-thyroid axis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lafontaine
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Correspondence: Nicole Lafontaine, MBBS, BMedSci, RACP, Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Level 1, Building C, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Ave, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | - Shelby Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Phillip E Melton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vijay Panicker
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Gu Zhu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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18
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Ting MJM, Zhang R, Lim EM, Ward BK, Wilson SG, Walsh JP. Familial Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia as a Cause for Discordant Thyroid Function Tests. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvab012. [PMID: 33728390 PMCID: PMC7940171 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Discordant thyroid function tests are routinely encountered in clinical practice. Differential diagnoses include acute thyroxine (T4) ingestion, laboratory interference from heterophilic antibodies, thyroid hormone resistance, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting pituitary adenomas, and T4 protein binding abnormalities. The impact of abnormal binding proteins may be less recognized since widespread use of free T4 (FT4) assays compared to older total T4 assays. Case report A 69-year-old female was referred for assessment of discordant thyroid function tests. Biochemistry since July 2015 showed persistently elevated FT4 levels by immunoassay ranging between 25 to 34 pmol/L with normal or slightly decreased TSH ranging between 0.05 to 2.74 mU/L. The patient was clinically euthyroid on 100 mcg daily of levothyroxine for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. FT4 measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was 19.5 pmol/L. Exome sequencing (confirmed by Sanger sequencing) detected a guanine to adenine substitution at residue 725 of the ALB gene previously associated with dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia. The patient’s daughter had similar thyroid function tests and the same genetic variant. FT4 results from 3 different automated immunoassays showed the Roche Cobas and Siemens Centaur platforms to be most affected by the variant, and Abbott Architect had the best agreement with LC-MS/MS. Conclusion Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia is a potential cause of discordant thyroid function tests. Clinicians suspecting protein-binding abnormalities may further investigate using reference methods such as LC-MS/MS and equilibrium dialysis if available. The increasing accessibility of exome sequencing offers a cost-effective method of diagnosing genetic variants that cause discordant thyroid function tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J M Ting
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Rui Zhang
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Bryan K Ward
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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19
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Magno AL, Leatherbarrow KM, Brown SJ, Wilson SG, Walsh JP, Ward BK. Functional Analysis of Calcium-Sensing Receptor Variants Identified in Families Provisionally Diagnosed with Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcaemia. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:230-239. [PMID: 32638038 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Identification of variants in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene is an important means of distinguishing between familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) and primary hyperparathyroidism. However, identification and bioinformatics analysis of genetic variants alone is now considered insufficient as definitive proof; additional functional assessment is required to diagnose FHH with certainty. We identified two novel variants, D433Y and C739Y, and one previously reported variant G509R in the CASR of four kindreds provisionally diagnosed with FHH and aimed to functionally characterise these variants to confirm the diagnosis. Variant receptors were cloned as FLAG-tagged constructs into the mammalian expression vector, pcDNA3.1. Wild type and variant receptor constructs were expressed in HEK293 cells and their expression assessed by Western blot analysis and their functionality analysed using an IP-One assay which measures myo-inositol 1-phosphate accumulation following CaSR activation. Western blot analysis showed that the D433Y receptor had diminished mature glycosylated receptor compared with wild type CaSR whereas the G509R receptor had a complete lack of mature receptor. The C739Y receptor was consistently overexpressed. Functional assessment showed the D433Y receptor to be mildly inactivating at physiological calcium concentrations whereas the G509R receptor was inactive at all calcium concentrations. By contrast, the C739Y variant was activating compared to wild type receptor which is inconsistent with it causing FHH. We conclude that functional assessment of CaSR variants using the IP-One assay was useful in the investigation of suspected FHH probands, confirming the D433Y and G509R variants as likely pathogenic/pathogenic, but dismissing the C739Y variant as causing FHH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L Magno
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Block C, Level 1, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Kassandra M Leatherbarrow
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Block C, Level 1, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Block C, Level 1, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Block C, Level 1, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Block C, Level 1, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Bryan K Ward
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Block C, Level 1, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
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20
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Campbell PJ, Kendrew P, Lewer M, Lim EM, Wilson SG, Walsh JP. Response to Letter to the Editor: "Changes in Thyroid Function Across Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study". J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5847824. [PMID: 32459836 PMCID: PMC7311116 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Correspondence: John P. Walsh, Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. E-mail:
| | | | | | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London WC2R 2LS, London, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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21
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Martin TC, Šimurina M, Ząbczyńska M, Martinic Kavur M, Rydlewska M, Pezer M, Kozłowska K, Burri A, Vilaj M, Turek-Jabrocka R, Krnjajić-Tadijanović M, Trofimiuk-Müldner M, Ugrina I, Lityńska A, Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A, Trbojevic-Akmacic I, Lim EM, Walsh JP, Pocheć E, Spector TD, Wilson SG, Lauc G. Decreased Immunoglobulin G Core Fucosylation, A Player in Antibody-dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity, is Associated with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:774-792. [PMID: 32024769 PMCID: PMC7196582 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are the most common group of autoimmune diseases, associated with lymphocyte infiltration and the production of thyroid autoantibodies, like thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), in the thyroid gland. Immunoglobulins and cell-surface receptors are glycoproteins with distinctive glycosylation patterns that play a structural role in maintaining and modulating their functions. We investigated associations of total circulating IgG and peripheral blood mononuclear cells glycosylation with AITD and the influence of genetic background in a case-control study with several independent cohorts and over 3,000 individuals in total. The study revealed an inverse association of IgG core fucosylation with TPOAb and AITD, as well as decreased peripheral blood mononuclear cells antennary α1,2 fucosylation in AITD, but no shared genetic variance between AITD and glycosylation. These data suggest that the decreased level of IgG core fucosylation is a risk factor for AITD that promotes antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity previously associated with TPOAb levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine C Martin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mirna Šimurina
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marta Ząbczyńska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Rydlewska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marija Pezer
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kamila Kozłowska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrea Burri
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; Waitemata Pain Service, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, North Shore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marija Vilaj
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Turek-Jabrocka
- Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Trofimiuk-Müldner
- Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ivo Ugrina
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anna Lityńska
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
- Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College, London, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.
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22
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Campbell PJ, Brown SJ, Kendrew P, Lewer M, Lim EM, Joseph J, Cross SM, Wright MJ, Martin NG, Wilson SG, Walsh JP. Changes in Thyroid Function Across Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5700334. [PMID: 31922575 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are no large, longitudinal studies of thyroid function across adolescence. The aims of this study were to examine longitudinal trends in thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) and determine age-specific reference ranges. METHODS Thyroid function was assessed in 3415 participants in the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study at ages 12, 14, and 16, using the Abbott ARCHITECT immunoassay. Longitudinal analyses were adjusted for body mass index and puberty. RESULTS In girls, mean fT4 (± SE) increased between age 12 and 14 (by 0.30 ± 0.08 pmol/L; P < 0.001), while remaining unchanged in boys; from age 14 to 16, fT4 increased in both girls (by 0.42 ± 0.07 pmol/L; P < 0.001) and boys (0.64 ± 0.07 pmol/L, P < 0.001). There was a slight increase in fT3 from age 12 to 14 years in girls (by 0.07 ± 0.03 pmol/L; P = 0.042), with a more marked increase in boys (0.29 ± 0.03 pmol/L; P < 0.001), followed by a decrease from age 14 to 16 in both sexes (girls, by 0.53 ± 0.02 pmol/L; P < 0.001; boys, by 0.62 ± 0.03 pmol/L; P < 0.001). From age 12 to 14, TSH showed no significant change in girls or boys, then levels increased from age 14 to 16 in both sexes (in girls, by 4.9%, 95% CI: 2.4%-10.3%, P = 0.020; in boys, by 7.2%, 95% CI: 3.0%-11.6%, P = 0.001). Reference ranges differed substantially from adults, particularly for fT4 and fT3. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid function tests in adolescents display complex, sexually dimorphic patterns. Implementation of adolescence-specific reference ranges may be appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - John Joseph
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Simone M Cross
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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23
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Mullin BH, Tickner J, Zhu K, Kenny J, Mullin S, Brown SJ, Dudbridge F, Pavlos NJ, Mocarski ES, Walsh JP, Xu J, Wilson SG. Characterisation of genetic regulatory effects for osteoporosis risk variants in human osteoclasts. Genome Biol 2020; 21:80. [PMID: 32216834 PMCID: PMC7098081 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-01997-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a complex disease with a strong genetic contribution. A recently published genome-wide association study (GWAS) for estimated bone mineral density (eBMD) identified 1103 independent genome-wide significant association signals. Most of these variants are non-coding, suggesting that regulatory effects may drive many of the associations. To identify genes with a role in osteoporosis, we integrate the eBMD GWAS association results with those from our previous osteoclast expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) dataset. Results We identify sixty-nine significant cis-eQTL effects for eBMD GWAS variants after correction for multiple testing. We detect co-localisation of eBMD GWAS and osteoclast eQTL association signals for 21 of the 69 loci, implicating a number of genes including CCR5, ZBTB38, CPE, GNA12, RIPK3, IQGAP1 and FLCN. Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomisation analysis of the eBMD GWAS and osteoclast eQTL datasets identifies significant associations for 53 genes, with TULP4 presenting as a strong candidate for pleiotropic effects on eBMD and gene expression in osteoclasts. By performing analysis using the GARFIELD software, we demonstrate significant enrichment of osteoporosis risk variants among high-confidence osteoclast eQTL across multiple GWAS P value thresholds. Mice lacking one of the genes of interest, the apoptosis/necroptosis gene RIPK3, show disturbed bone micro-architecture and increased osteoclast number, highlighting a new biological pathway relevant to osteoporosis. Conclusion We utilise a unique osteoclast eQTL dataset to identify a number of potential effector genes for osteoporosis risk variants, which will help focus functional studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jacob Kenny
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Shelby Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Edward S Mocarski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
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24
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Martin TC, Ilieva KM, Visconti A, Beaumont M, Kiddle SJ, Dobson RJB, Mangino M, Lim EM, Pezer M, Steves CJ, Bell JT, Wilson SG, Lauc G, Roederer M, Walsh JP, Spector TD, Karagiannis SN. Dysregulated Antibody, Natural Killer Cell and Immune Mediator Profiles in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:E665. [PMID: 32182948 PMCID: PMC7140647 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) is poorly understood and the association between different immune features and the germline variants involved in AITD are yet unclear. We previously observed systemic depletion of IgG core fucosylation and antennary α1,2 fucosylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in AITD, correlated with anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels. Fucose depletion is known to potentiate strong antibody-mediated NK cell activation and enhanced target antigen-expressing cell killing. In autoimmunity, this may translate to autoantibody-mediated immune cell recruitment and attack of self-antigen expressing normal tissues. Hence, we investigated the crosstalk between immune cell traits, secreted proteins, genetic variants and the glycosylation patterns of serum IgG, in a multi-omic and cross-sectional study of 622 individuals from the TwinsUK cohort, 172 of whom were diagnosed with AITD. We observed associations between two genetic variants (rs505922 and rs687621), AITD status, the secretion of Desmoglein-2 protein, and the profile of two IgG N-glycan traits in AITD, but further studies need to be performed to better understand their crosstalk in AITD. On the other side, enhanced afucosylated IgG was positively associated with activatory CD335- CD314+ CD158b+ NK cell subsets. Increased levels of the apoptosis and inflammation markers Caspase-2 and Interleukin-1α positively associated with AITD. Two genetic variants associated with AITD, rs1521 and rs3094228, were also associated with altered expression of the thyrocyte-expressed ligands known to recognize the NK cell immunoreceptors CD314 and CD158b. Our analyses reveal a combination of heightened Fc-active IgG antibodies, effector cells, cytokines and apoptotic signals in AITD, and AITD genetic variants associated with altered expression of thyrocyte-expressed ligands to NK cell immunoreceptors. Together, TPOAb responses, dysregulated immune features, germline variants associated with immunoactivity profiles, are consistent with a positive autoreactive antibody-dependent NK cell-mediated immune response likely drawn to the thyroid gland in AITD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine C. Martin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kristina M. Ilieva
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK; (K.M.I.); (S.N.K.)
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Cancer Centre, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Alessia Visconti
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Michelle Beaumont
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Steven J. Kiddle
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London SE5 8AF, UK; (S.J.K.); (R.J.B.D.)
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Richard J. B. Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London SE5 8AF, UK; (S.J.K.); (R.J.B.D.)
- Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), London Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London NW1 2DA, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St. Thomas’s NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (E.M.L.); (J.P.W.)
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Marija Pezer
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Claire J. Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Jordana T. Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (E.M.L.); (J.P.W.)
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (G.L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Roederer
- ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - John P. Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (E.M.L.); (J.P.W.)
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.V.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (C.J.S.); (J.T.B.); (S.G.W.); (T.D.S.)
| | - Sophia N. Karagiannis
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK; (K.M.I.); (S.N.K.)
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Cancer Centre, London SE1 9RT, UK
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25
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Tan SM, Ziemann M, Thallas-Bonke V, Snelson M, Kumar V, Laskowski A, Nguyen TV, Huynh K, Clarke MV, Libianto R, Baker ST, Skene A, Power DA, MacIsaac RJ, Henstridge DC, Wetsel RA, El-Osta A, Meikle PJ, Wilson SG, Forbes JM, Cooper ME, Ekinci EI, Woodruff TM, Coughlan MT. Complement C5a Induces Renal Injury in Diabetic Kidney Disease by Disrupting Mitochondrial Metabolic Agility. Diabetes 2020; 69:83-98. [PMID: 31624141 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The sequelae of diabetes include microvascular complications such as diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which involves glucose-mediated renal injury associated with a disruption in mitochondrial metabolic agility, inflammation, and fibrosis. We explored the role of the innate immune complement component C5a, a potent mediator of inflammation, in the pathogenesis of DKD in clinical and experimental diabetes. Marked systemic elevation in C5a activity was demonstrated in patients with diabetes; conventional renoprotective agents did not therapeutically target this elevation. C5a and its receptor (C5aR1) were upregulated early in the disease process and prior to manifest kidney injury in several diverse rodent models of diabetes. Genetic deletion of C5aR1 in mice conferred protection against diabetes-induced renal injury. Transcriptomic profiling of kidney revealed diabetes-induced downregulation of pathways involved in mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism. Interrogation of the lipidomics signature revealed abnormal cardiolipin remodeling in diabetic kidneys, a cardinal sign of disrupted mitochondrial architecture and bioenergetics. In vivo delivery of an orally active inhibitor of C5aR1 (PMX53) reversed the phenotypic changes and normalized the renal mitochondrial fatty acid profile, cardiolipin remodeling, and citric acid cycle intermediates. In vitro exposure of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells to C5a led to altered mitochondrial respiratory function and reactive oxygen species generation. These experiments provide evidence for a pivotal role of the C5a/C5aR1 axis in propagating renal injury in the development of DKD by disrupting mitochondrial agility, thereby establishing a new immunometabolic signaling pathway in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sih Min Tan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vicki Thallas-Bonke
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Snelson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adrienne Laskowski
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Kevin Huynh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michele V Clarke
- Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Renata Libianto
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott T Baker
- Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison Skene
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A Power
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Nephrology and Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J MacIsaac
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Rick A Wetsel
- Research Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Renal Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Josephine M Forbes
- Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elif I Ekinci
- Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Trent M Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melinda T Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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26
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Day F, Karaderi T, Jones MR, Meun C, He C, Drong A, Kraft P, Lin N, Huang H, Broer L, Magi R, Saxena R, Laisk T, Urbanek M, Hayes MG, Thorleifsson G, Fernandez-Tajes J, Mahajan A, Mullin BH, Stuckey BGA, Spector TD, Wilson SG, Goodarzi MO, Davis L, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Uitterlinden AG, Anttila V, Neale BM, Jarvelin MR, Fauser B, Kowalska I, Visser JA, Andersen M, Ong K, Stener-Victorin E, Ehrmann D, Legro RS, Salumets A, McCarthy MI, Morin-Papunen L, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K, Styrkarsdottir U, Perry JRB, Dunaif A, Laven J, Franks S, Lindgren CM, Welt CK. Correction: Large-scale genome-wide meta-analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome suggests shared genetic architecture for different diagnosis criteria. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008517. [PMID: 31805045 PMCID: PMC6894746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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27
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Hsu YH, Estrada K, Evangelou E, Ackert-Bicknell C, Akesson K, Beck T, Brown SJ, Capellini T, Carbone L, Cauley J, Cheung CL, Cummings SR, Czerwinski S, Demissie S, Econs M, Evans D, Farber C, Gautvik K, Harris T, Kammerer C, Kemp J, Koller DL, Kung A, Lawlor D, Lee M, Lorentzon M, McGuigan F, Medina-Gomez C, Mitchell B, Newman A, Nielson C, Ohlsson C, Peacock M, Reppe S, Richards JB, Robbins J, Sigurdsson G, Spector TD, Stefansson K, Streeten E, Styrkarsdottir U, Tobias J, Trajanoska K, Uitterlinden A, Vandenput L, Wilson SG, Yerges-Armstrong L, Young M, Zillikens MC, Rivadeneira F, Kiel DP, Karasik D. Meta-Analysis of Genomewide Association Studies Reveals Genetic Variants for Hip Bone Geometry. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1284-1296. [PMID: 30888730 PMCID: PMC6650334 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hip geometry is an important predictor of fracture. We performed a meta-analysis of GWAS studies in adults to identify genetic variants that are associated with proximal femur geometry phenotypes. We analyzed four phenotypes: (i) femoral neck length; (ii) neck-shaft angle; (iii) femoral neck width, and (iv) femoral neck section modulus, estimated from DXA scans using algorithms of hip structure analysis. In the Discovery stage, 10 cohort studies were included in the fixed-effect meta-analysis, with up to 18,719 men and women ages 16 to 93 years. Association analyses were performed with ∼2.5 million polymorphisms under an additive model adjusted for age, body mass index, and height. Replication analyses of meta-GWAS significant loci (at adjusted genomewide significance [GWS], threshold p ≤ 2.6 × 10-8 ) were performed in seven additional cohorts in silico. We looked up SNPs associated in our analysis, for association with height, bone mineral density (BMD), and fracture. In meta-analysis (combined Discovery and Replication stages), GWS associations were found at 5p15 (IRX1 and ADAMTS16); 5q35 near FGFR4; at 12p11 (in CCDC91); 11q13 (near LRP5 and PPP6R3 (rs7102273)). Several hip geometry signals overlapped with BMD, including LRP5 (chr. 11). Chr. 11 SNP rs7102273 was associated with any-type fracture (p = 7.5 × 10-5 ). We used bone transcriptome data and discovered several significant eQTLs, including rs7102273 and PPP6R3 expression (p = 0.0007), and rs6556301 (intergenic, chr.5 near FGFR4) and PDLIM7 expression (p = 0.005). In conclusion, we found associations between several genes and hip geometry measures that explained 12% to 22% of heritability at different sites. The results provide a defined set of genes related to biological pathways relevant to BMD and etiology of bone fragility. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - Karol Estrada
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Cheryl Ackert-Bicknell
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Kristina Akesson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thomas Beck
- Beck Radiological Innovations, Baltimore, MD
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Terence Capellini
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Laura Carbone
- Department of Medicine at the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Jane Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ching-Lung Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Serkalem Demissie
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Michael Econs
- Department of Medicine and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Daniel Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | - Charles Farber
- Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Kaare Gautvik
- Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Unger-Vetlesen Institute, and University of Oslo, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tamara Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, NIA, Bethesda, MD
| | - Candace Kammerer
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John Kemp
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Daniel L Koller
- Department of Medicine and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Annie Kung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Debbie Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, UK
| | - Miryoung Lee
- University of Texas, School of Public Health at Bronwsville, TX
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fiona McGuigan
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Braxton Mitchell
- Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine, and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center - Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anne Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Munro Peacock
- Department of Medicine and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sjur Reppe
- Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Unger-Vetlesen Institute, and University of Oslo, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Oslo University Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Brent Richards
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - John Robbins
- Department of Medicine, University California at Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | | | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Campus, London, UK
| | | | - Elizabeth Streeten
- Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine, and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center - Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | | | - André Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Campus, London, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | | | - Mariel Young
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - David Karasik
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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28
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Baird DA, Evans DS, Kamanu FK, Gregory JS, Saunders FR, Giuraniuc CV, Barr RJ, Aspden RM, Jenkins D, Kiel DP, Orwoll ES, Cummings SR, Lane NE, Mullin BH, Williams FMK, Richards JB, Wilson SG, Spector TD, Faber BG, Lawlor DA, Grundberg E, Ohlsson C, Pettersson‐Kymmer U, Capellini TD, Richard D, Beck TJ, Evans DM, Paternoster L, Karasik D, Tobias JH. Identification of Novel Loci Associated With Hip Shape: A Meta-Analysis of Genomewide Association Studies. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:241-251. [PMID: 30320955 PMCID: PMC6375741 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to report the first genomewide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived hip shape, which is thought to be related to the risk of both hip osteoarthritis and hip fracture. Ten hip shape modes (HSMs) were derived by statistical shape modeling using SHAPE software, from hip DXA scans in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; adult females), TwinsUK (mixed sex), Framingham Osteoporosis Study (FOS; mixed), Osteoporotic Fractures in Men study (MrOS), and Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF; females) (total N = 15,934). Associations were adjusted for age, sex, and ancestry. Five genomewide significant (p < 5 × 10-9 , adjusted for 10 independent outcomes) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with HSM1, and three SNPs with HSM2. One SNP, in high linkage disequilibrium with rs2158915 associated with HSM1, was associated with HSM5 at genomewide significance. In a look-up of previous GWASs, three of the identified SNPs were associated with hip osteoarthritis, one with hip fracture, and five with height. Seven SNPs were within 200 kb of genes involved in endochondral bone formation, namely SOX9, PTHrP, RUNX1, NKX3-2, FGFR4, DICER1, and HHIP. The SNP adjacent to DICER1 also showed osteoblast cis-regulatory activity of GSC, in which mutations have previously been reported to cause hip dysplasia. For three of the lead SNPs, SNPs in high LD (r2 > 0.5) were identified, which intersected with open chromatin sites as detected by ATAC-seq performed on embryonic mouse proximal femora. In conclusion, we identified eight SNPs independently associated with hip shape, most of which were associated with height and/or mapped close to endochondral bone formation genes, consistent with a contribution of processes involved in limb growth to hip shape and pathological sequelae. These findings raise the possibility that genetic studies of hip shape might help in understanding potential pathways involved in hip osteoarthritis and hip fracture. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis A Baird
- Musculoskeletal Research UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Frederick K Kamanu
- Institute for Aging ResearchHebrew SeniorLifeDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | | | - Fiona R Saunders
- Arthritis and Musculoskeletal MedicineUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | | | - Rebecca J Barr
- Arthritis and Musculoskeletal MedicineUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
- MEMO ResearchUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Richard M Aspden
- Arthritis and Musculoskeletal MedicineUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | | | - Douglas P Kiel
- Institute for Aging ResearchHebrew SeniorLifeDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardBostonMAUSA
| | - Eric S Orwoll
- School of MedicineOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Nancy E Lane
- University of California at DavisSacramentoCAUSA
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesSir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlandsAustralia
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia
| | - Frances MK Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic EpidemiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - J Brent Richards
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic EpidemiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology, and BiostatisticsJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesSir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlandsAustralia
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic EpidemiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic EpidemiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | - Elin Grundberg
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | | | - Terence D Capellini
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardBostonMAUSA
- Human Evolutionary BiologyHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | | | | | - David M Evans
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- University of Queensland Diamantina InstituteTranslational Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | | | - David Karasik
- Institute for Aging ResearchHebrew SeniorLifeDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Azrieli Faculty of MedicineBar Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Jonathan H Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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29
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Mullin BH, Zhu K, Xu J, Brown SJ, Mullin S, Tickner J, Pavlos NJ, Dudbridge F, Walsh JP, Wilson SG. Expression Quantitative Trait Locus Study of Bone Mineral Density GWAS Variants in Human Osteoclasts. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:1044-1051. [PMID: 29473973 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complex disease with a strong genetic component. Genomewide association studies (GWAS) have been very successful at identifying common genetic variants associated with bone parameters. A recently published study documented the results of the largest GWAS for bone mineral density (BMD) performed to date (n = 142,487), identifying 307 conditionally independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as associated with estimated BMD (eBMD) at the genomewide significance level. The vast majority of these variants are non-coding SNPs. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) studies using disease-specific cell types have increasingly been integrated with the results from GWAS to identify genes through which the observed GWAS associations are likely mediated. We generated a unique human osteoclast-specific eQTL data set using cells differentiated in vitro from 158 participants. We then used this resource to characterize the 307 recently identified BMD GWAS SNPs for association with nearby genes (±500 kb). After correction for multiple testing, 24 variants were found to be significantly associated with the expression of 32 genes in the osteoclast-like cells. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that these variants and those in strong linkage disequilibrium with them are enriched in regulatory regions. Several of the eQTL associations identified are relevant to genes that present strongly as having a role in bone, particularly IQGAP1, CYP19A1, CTNNB1, and COL6A3. Supporting evidence for many of the associations was obtained from publicly available eQTL data sets. We have also generated strong evidence for the presence of a regulatory region on chromosome 15q21.2 relevant to both the GLDN and CYP19A1 genes. In conclusion, we have generated a unique osteoclast-specific eQTL resource and have used this to identify 32 eQTL associations for recently identified BMD GWAS loci, which should inform functional studies of osteoclast biology. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Shelby Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
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30
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Medina-Gomez C, Kemp JP, Trajanoska K, Luan J, Chesi A, Ahluwalia TS, Mook-Kanamori DO, Ham A, Hartwig FP, Evans DS, Joro R, Nedeljkovic I, Zheng HF, Zhu K, Atalay M, Liu CT, Nethander M, Broer L, Porleifsson G, Mullin BH, Handelman SK, Nalls MA, Jessen LE, Heppe DH, Richards JB, Wang C, Chawes B, Schraut KE, Amin N, Wareham N, Karasik D, Van der Velde N, Ikram MA, Zemel BS, Zhou Y, Carlsson CJ, Liu Y, McGuigan FE, Boer CG, Bønnelykke K, Ralston SH, Robbins JA, Walsh JP, Zillikens MC, Langenberg C, Li-Gao R, Williams FM, Harris TB, Akesson K, Jackson RD, Sigurdsson G, den Heijer M, van der Eerden BC, van de Peppel J, Spector TD, Pennell C, Horta BL, Felix JF, Zhao JH, Wilson SG, de Mutsert R, Bisgaard H, Styrkársdóttir U, Jaddoe VW, Orwoll E, Lakka TA, Scott R, Grant SF, Lorentzon M, van Duijn CM, Wilson JF, Stefansson K, Psaty BM, Kiel DP, Ohlsson C, Ntzani E, van Wijnen AJ, Forgetta V, Ghanbari M, Logan JG, Williams GR, Bassett JD, Croucher PI, Evangelou E, Uitterlinden AG, Ackert-Bicknell CL, Tobias JH, Evans DM, Rivadeneira F. Life-Course Genome-wide Association Study Meta-analysis of Total Body BMD and Assessment of Age-Specific Effects. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:88-102. [PMID: 29304378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by DXA is used to evaluate bone health. In children, total body (TB) measurements are commonly used; in older individuals, BMD at the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) is used to diagnose osteoporosis. To date, genetic variants in more than 60 loci have been identified as associated with BMD. To investigate the genetic determinants of TB-BMD variation along the life course and test for age-specific effects, we performed a meta-analysis of 30 genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of TB-BMD including 66,628 individuals overall and divided across five age strata, each spanning 15 years. We identified variants associated with TB-BMD at 80 loci, of which 36 have not been previously identified; overall, they explain approximately 10% of the TB-BMD variance when combining all age groups and influence the risk of fracture. Pathway and enrichment analysis of the association signals showed clustering within gene sets implicated in the regulation of cell growth and SMAD proteins, overexpressed in the musculoskeletal system, and enriched in enhancer and promoter regions. These findings reveal TB-BMD as a relevant trait for genetic studies of osteoporosis, enabling the identification of variants and pathways influencing different bone compartments. Only variants in ESR1 and close proximity to RANKL showed a clear effect dependency on age. This most likely indicates that the majority of genetic variants identified influence BMD early in life and that their effect can be captured throughout the life course.
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31
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Wilson SG, Rogers V, Connell H, Gauntlett-Gilbert J. 57. Mirror, mirror….? Does CRPS in adolescents respond to non-diagnosis specific pain rehabilitation? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex390.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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32
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Dudbridge F, Brown SJ, Ward L, Wilson SG, Walsh JP. How many cases of disease in a pedigree imply familial disease? Ann Hum Genet 2017; 82:109-113. [PMID: 29058319 PMCID: PMC5813157 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to perform whole-exome and, increasingly, whole-genome sequencing on large numbers of individuals has led to increased efforts to identify rare genetic variants that affect the risk of both common and rare diseases. In such applications, it is important to identify families that are segregating the rare variants of interest. For rare diseases or rare familial forms of common diseases, pedigrees with multiple affected members are clearly harbouring risk variants. For more common diseases, however, it may be unclear whether a family with a few affected members is segregating a familial disease, is the result of multiple sporadic cases, or is a mixture of familial cases and phenocopies. We provide calculations for the probability that a family is harbouring familial disease, presented in general terms that admit working guidelines for selecting families for current sequencing studies. Using examples motivated by our own studies of thyroid cancer and published studies of colorectal cancer, we show that for common diseases, families with exactly two affected first-degree relatives have only a moderate probability of segregating familial disease, but this probability is higher for families with three or more affected relatives, and those families should therefore be prioritised in sequencing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Lynley Ward
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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33
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Mullin BH, Zhao JH, Brown SJ, Perry JR, Luan J, Zheng HF, Langenberg C, Dudbridge F, Scott R, Wareham NJ, Spector TD, Richards JB, Walsh JP, Wilson SG. Genome-wide association study meta-analysis for quantitative ultrasound parameters of bone identifies five novel loci for broadband ultrasound attenuation. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:2791-2802. [PMID: 28472463 PMCID: PMC5886185 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common and debilitating bone disease that is characterised by low bone mineral density, typically assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS), commonly utilising the two parameters velocity of sound (VOS) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), is an alternative technology used to assess bone properties at peripheral skeletal sites. The genetic influence on the bone qualities assessed by QUS remains an under-studied area. We performed a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) including low-frequency variants (minor allele frequency ≥0.005) for BUA and VOS using a discovery population of individuals with whole-genome sequence (WGS) data from the UK10K project (n = 1268). These results were then meta-analysed with those from two deeply imputed GWAS replication cohorts (n = 1610 and 13 749). In the gender-combined analysis, we identified eight loci associated with BUA and five with VOS at the genome-wide significance level, including three novel loci for BUA at 8p23.1 (PPP1R3B), 11q23.1 (LOC387810) and 22q11.21 (SEPT5) (P = 2.4 × 10-8 to 1.6 × 10-9). Gene-based association testing in the gender-combined dataset revealed eight loci associated with BUA and seven with VOS after correction for multiple testing, with one novel locus for BUA at FAM167A (8p23.1) (P = 1.4 × 10-6). An additional novel locus for BUA was seen in the male-specific analysis at DEFB103B (8p23.1) (P = 1.8 × 10-6). Fracture analysis revealed significant associations between variation at the WNT16 and RSPO3 loci and fracture risk (P = 0.004 and 4.0 × 10-4, respectively). In conclusion, by performing a large GWAS meta-analysis for QUS parameters of bone using a combination of WGS and deeply imputed genotype data, we have identified five novel genetic loci associated with BUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H. Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Suzanne J. Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - John R.B. Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hou-Feng Zheng
- Institute of Aging Research and the Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
- Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | | | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Robert Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nick J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Twin & Genetic Epidemiology Research Unit, St. Thomas’ Hospital Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - J. Brent Richards
- Twin & Genetic Epidemiology Research Unit, St. Thomas’ Hospital Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - John P. Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
- Twin & Genetic Epidemiology Research Unit, St. Thomas’ Hospital Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
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Tachmazidou I, Süveges D, Min JL, Ritchie GRS, Steinberg J, Walter K, Iotchkova V, Schwartzentruber J, Huang J, Memari Y, McCarthy S, Crawford AA, Bombieri C, Cocca M, Farmaki AE, Gaunt TR, Jousilahti P, Kooijman MN, Lehne B, Malerba G, Männistö S, Matchan A, Medina-Gomez C, Metrustry SJ, Nag A, Ntalla I, Paternoster L, Rayner NW, Sala C, Scott WR, Shihab HA, Southam L, St Pourcain B, Traglia M, Trajanoska K, Zaza G, Zhang W, Artigas MS, Bansal N, Benn M, Chen Z, Danecek P, Lin WY, Locke A, Luan J, Manning AK, Mulas A, Sidore C, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Varbo A, Zoledziewska M, Finan C, Hatzikotoulas K, Hendricks AE, Kemp JP, Moayyeri A, Panoutsopoulou K, Szpak M, Wilson SG, Boehnke M, Cucca F, Di Angelantonio E, Langenberg C, Lindgren C, McCarthy MI, Morris AP, Nordestgaard BG, Scott RA, Tobin MD, Wareham NJ, Burton P, Chambers JC, Smith GD, Dedoussis G, Felix JF, Franco OH, Gambaro G, Gasparini P, Hammond CJ, Hofman A, Jaddoe VWV, Kleber M, Kooner JS, Perola M, Relton C, Ring SM, Rivadeneira F, Salomaa V, Spector TD, Stegle O, Toniolo D, Uitterlinden AG, Barroso I, Greenwood CMT, Perry JRB, Walker BR, Butterworth AS, Xue Y, Durbin R, Small KS, Soranzo N, Timpson NJ, Zeggini E. Whole-Genome Sequencing Coupled to Imputation Discovers Genetic Signals for Anthropometric Traits. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 100:865-884. [PMID: 28552196 PMCID: PMC5473732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep sequence-based imputation can enhance the discovery power of genome-wide association studies by assessing previously unexplored variation across the common- and low-frequency spectra. We applied a hybrid whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and deep imputation approach to examine the broader allelic architecture of 12 anthropometric traits associated with height, body mass, and fat distribution in up to 267,616 individuals. We report 106 genome-wide significant signals that have not been previously identified, including 9 low-frequency variants pointing to functional candidates. Of the 106 signals, 6 are in genomic regions that have not been implicated with related traits before, 28 are independent signals at previously reported regions, and 72 represent previously reported signals for a different anthropometric trait. 71% of signals reside within genes and fine mapping resolves 23 signals to one or two likely causal variants. We confirm genetic overlap between human monogenic and polygenic anthropometric traits and find signal enrichment in cis expression QTLs in relevant tissues. Our results highlight the potential of WGS strategies to enhance biologically relevant discoveries across the frequency spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Tachmazidou
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Dániel Süveges
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Josine L Min
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Graham R S Ritchie
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences & Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK; MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Julia Steinberg
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Klaudia Walter
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Valentina Iotchkova
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Jie Huang
- Boston VA Research Institute, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Yasin Memari
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Shane McCarthy
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Andrew A Crawford
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Cristina Bombieri
- Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Aliki-Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17671, Greece
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland
| | - Marjolein N Kooijman
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland
| | - Angela Matchan
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah J Metrustry
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Nigel W Rayner
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Cinzia Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK
| | - Hashem A Shihab
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Lorraine Southam
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Beate St Pourcain
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen 6500, the Netherlands
| | - Michela Traglia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Katerina Trajanoska
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Gialuigi Zaza
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona 37126, Italy
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK
| | - María S Artigas
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Narinder Bansal
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Marianne Benn
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Zhongsheng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Petr Danecek
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Adam Locke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB-CNR), Cagliari 09100, Italy; Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Carlo Sidore
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB-CNR), Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | - Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Anette Varbo
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | | | - Chris Finan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Audrey E Hendricks
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA
| | - John P Kemp
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Alireza Moayyeri
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London NW1 2DA, UK
| | | | - Michal Szpak
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB-CNR), Cagliari 09100, Italy; Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK; Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Tartumaa 51010, Estonia
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | | | - Paul Burton
- D2K Research Group, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W2 1NY, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17671, Greece
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Columbus-Gemelli University Hospital, Catholic University, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34100, Italy; Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Christopher J Hammond
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W2 1NY, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland; Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Tartumaa 51010, Estonia; Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Susan M Ring
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland
| | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Oliver Stegle
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Inês Barroso
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Celia M T Greenwood
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A2, Canada; Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S6, Canada
| | - John R B Perry
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Brian R Walker
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Yali Xue
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Richard Durbin
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
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Weeks AL, Wilson SG, Ward L, Goldblatt J, Hui J, Walsh JP. HABP2 germline variants are uncommon in familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer. BMC Med Genet 2016; 17:60. [PMID: 27530615 PMCID: PMC4988026 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The genetic basis of nonsyndromic familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) is poorly understood. A recent study identified HABP2 as a tumor suppressor gene and identified a germline variant (G534E) in an extended FNMTC kindred. The relevance of this to other FNMTC kindreds is uncertain. Methods Sanger sequencing was performed on peripheral blood DNA from probands from 37 Australian FNMTC kindreds to detect the G534E variant. Whole exome data from 59 participants from 20 kindreds were examined for mutations in HABP2 and the thyroid cancer susceptibility genes SRGAP1, NKX2-1, SRRM2 and FOXE1. The population prevalence of the G534E variant in HABP2 was examined in two independent cohorts. Results Heterozygosity for the G534E variant in HABP2 was found in 1 of 37 probands (2.7 %), but did not cosegregate with disease in this kindred, being absent in the proband’s affected sister. From whole exome data, pathogenic mutations were not identified in HABP2, SRGAP1, NKX2-1, SRRM2 or FOXE1. Heterozygosity for the G534E variant in HABP2 was present in 7.6 % of Busselton Health Study participants (N = 4634, unknown disease status) and 9.3 % of TwinsUK participants (N = 1195, no history of thyroid cancer). Conclusions The G534E variant in HABP2 does not account for the familial nature of NMTC in Australian kindreds, and is common in the general population. Further research is required to elucidate the genetic basis of nonsyndromic FNMTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia L Weeks
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Medicine & Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Medicine & Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Lynley Ward
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jack Goldblatt
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jennie Hui
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia. .,School of Medicine & Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Brennan-Olsen SL, Page RS, Berk M, Riancho JA, Leslie WD, Wilson SG, Saban KL, Janusek L, Pasco JA, Hodge JM, Quirk SE, Hyde NK, Hosking SM, Williams LJ. DNA methylation and the social gradient of osteoporotic fracture: A conceptual model. Bone 2016; 84:204-212. [PMID: 26723576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although there is a documented social gradient for osteoporosis, the underlying mechanism(s) for that gradient remain unknown. We propose a conceptual model based upon the allostatic load theory, to suggest how DNA methylation (DNAm) might underpin the social gradient in osteoporosis and fracture. We hypothesise that social disadvantage is associated with priming of inflammatory pathways mediated by epigenetic modification that leads to an enhanced state of inflammatory reactivity and oxidative stress, and thus places socially disadvantaged individuals at greater risk of osteoporotic fracture. METHODS/RESULTS Based on a review of the literature, we present a conceptual model in which social disadvantage increases stress throughout the lifespan, and engenders a proinflammatory epigenetic signature, leading to a heightened inflammatory state that increases risk for osteoporotic fracture in disadvantaged groups that are chronically stressed. CONCLUSIONS Our model proposes that, in addition to the direct biological effects exerted on bone by factors such as physical activity and nutrition, the recognised socially patterned risk factors for osteoporosis also act via epigenetic-mediated dysregulation of inflammation. DNAm is a dynamic modulator of gene expression with considerable relevance to the field of osteoporosis. Elucidating the extent to which this epigenetic mechanism transduces the psycho-social environment to increase the risk of osteoporotic fracture may yield novel entry points for intervention that can be used to reduce individual and population-wide risks for osteoporotic fracture. Specifically, an epigenetic evidence-base may strengthen the importance of lifestyle modification and stress reduction programs, and help to reduce health inequities across social groups. MINI ABSTRACT Our conceptual model proposes how DNA methylation might underpin the social gradient in osteoporotic fracture. We suggest that social disadvantage is associated with priming of inflammatory signalling pathways, which is mediated by epigenetic modifications, leading to a chronically heightened inflammatory state that places disadvantaged individuals at greater risk of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Brennan-Olsen
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Melbourne, C/- Sunshine Hospital, Furlong Road, Melbourne, 3021, VIC, Australia; Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, 3000, VIC, Australia.
| | - Richard S Page
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia; Barwon Orthopaedic Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia
| | - José A Riancho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - William D Leslie
- Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, 6009, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, WA, Australia; Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Karen L Saban
- Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA; Centre of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Linda Janusek
- Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Julie A Pasco
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason M Hodge
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia
| | - Shae E Quirk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie K Hyde
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah M Hosking
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia
| | - Lana J Williams
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, C/- Barwon Health, Ryrie Street, Geelong, 3220, VIC, Australia
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Mullin BH, Walsh JP, Zheng HF, Brown SJ, Surdulescu GL, Curtis C, Breen G, Dudbridge F, Richards JB, Spector TD, Wilson SG. Genome-wide association study using family-based cohorts identifies the WLS and CCDC170/ESR1 loci as associated with bone mineral density. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:136. [PMID: 26911590 PMCID: PMC4766752 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a common and debilitating bone disease that is characterised by a low bone mineral density (BMD), a highly heritable trait. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proven to be very successful in identifying common genetic variants associated with BMD adjusted for age, gender and weight, however a large portion of the genetic variance for this trait remains unexplained. There is evidence to suggest significant genetic correlation between body size traits and BMD. It has also recently been suggested that unintended bias can be introduced as a result of adjusting a phenotype for a correlated trait. We performed a GWAS meta-analysis in two populations (total n = 6,696) using BMD data adjusted for only age and gender, in an attempt to identify genetic variants associated with BMD including those that may have potential pleiotropic effects on BMD and body size traits. Results We observed a single variant, rs2566752, associated with spine BMD at the genome-wide significance level in the meta-analysis (P = 3.36 × 10−09). Logistic regression analysis also revealed an association between rs2566752 and fracture rate in one of our study cohorts (P = 0.017, n = 5,654). This is an intronic variant located in the wntless Wnt ligand secretion mediator (WLS) gene (1p31.3), a known BMD locus which encodes an integral component of the Wnt ligand secretion pathway. Bioinformatics analyses of variants in moderate LD with rs2566752 produced strong evidence for a regulatory role for the variants rs72670452, rs17130567 and rs1430738. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis suggested that the variants rs12568456 and rs17130567 are associated with expression of the WLS gene in whole blood, cerebellum and temporal cortex brain tissue (P = 0.034–1.19 × 10−23). Gene-wide association testing using the VErsatile Gene-based Association Study 2 (VEGAS2) software revealed associations between the coiled-coil domain containing 170 (CCDC170) gene, located adjacent to the oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene, and BMD at the spine, femoral neck and total hip sites (P = 1.0 × 10−06, 2.0 × 10−06 and 2.0 × 10−06 respectively). Conclusions Genetic variation at the WLS and CCDC170/ESR1 loci were found to be significantly associated with BMD adjusted for only age and gender at the genome-wide level in this meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia. .,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia.
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia. .,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia.
| | - Hou-Feng Zheng
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, and the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia.
| | - Gabriela L Surdulescu
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Charles Curtis
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. .,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Maudsley Hospital and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Gerome Breen
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. .,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Maudsley Hospital and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - J Brent Richards
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK. .,Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia. .,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia. .,Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
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Campbell P, Brix TH, Wilson SG, Ward LC, Hui J, Beilby JP, Hegedüs L, Walsh JP. Common genetic variants associated with thyroid function may be risk alleles for Hashimoto's disease and Graves' disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2016; 84:278-283. [PMID: 25683181 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have identified common genetic variants associated with TSH, free T4 and thyroid peroxidase antibodies, but it is unclear whether these differ between patients with Hashimoto's disease and Graves' disease. OBJECTIVE To examine whether 11 common genetic variants differ between Graves' disease and Hashimoto's disease. PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS We genotyped 11 common variants in a discovery cohort of 203 Australian patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Two variants with significant or suggestive associations were analysed in a replication cohort of 384 Danish patients. RESULTS For rs753760 (PDE10A), the minor allele frequency in Graves' disease and Hashimoto's disease was 0·38 vs. 0·23, respectively, (P = 6·42 × 10-4 ) in the discovery cohort, 0·29 vs. 0·24 (P = 0·147) in the replication cohort and 0·32 vs. 0·24 in combined analysis (P = 0·0021; all analyses adjusted for sex). In healthy controls from Busselton, the frequency was 0·29, significantly different from Hashimoto's disease but not Graves' disease. For rs4889009 (MAF gene region), the frequency of the minor G-allele in Graves' disease and Hashimoto's disease was 0·48 vs. 0·36 (P = 0·0156) in the discovery cohort, 0·48 vs. 0·34 (P = 1·83 × 10-4 ) in the replication cohort and 0·48 vs. 0·35 in the combined analysis (P = 7·53 × 10-6 ); in controls, the frequency was 0·38, significantly different from Graves' disease but not Hashimoto's disease. After further adjustment for smoking, associations with rs4889009 remained significant, whereas those with rs753760 were not. CONCLUSION Common variants in PDE10A and MAF gene regions may influence whether patients with AITD develop Graves' disease or Hashimoto's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purdey Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Thomas H Brix
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lynley C Ward
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Jennie Hui
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - John P Beilby
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Laszlo Hegedüs
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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39
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Zheng HF, Forgetta V, Hsu YH, Estrada K, Rosello-Diez A, Leo PJ, Dahia CL, Park-Min KH, Tobias JH, Kooperberg C, Kleinman A, Styrkarsdottir U, Liu CT, Uggla C, Evans DS, Nielson CM, Walter K, Pettersson-Kymmer U, McCarthy S, Eriksson J, Kwan T, Jhamai M, Trajanoska K, Memari Y, Min J, Huang J, Danecek P, Wilmot B, Li R, Chou WC, Mokry LE, Moayyeri A, Claussnitzer M, Cheng CH, Cheung W, Medina-Gómez C, Ge B, Chen SH, Choi K, Oei L, Fraser J, Kraaij R, Hibbs MA, Gregson CL, Paquette D, Hofman A, Wibom C, Tranah GJ, Marshall M, Gardiner BB, Cremin K, Auer P, Hsu L, Ring S, Tung JY, Thorleifsson G, Enneman AW, van Schoor NM, de Groot LCPGM, van der Velde N, Melin B, Kemp JP, Christiansen C, Sayers A, Zhou Y, Calderari S, van Rooij J, Carlson C, Peters U, Berlivet S, Dostie J, Uitterlinden AG, Williams SR, Farber C, Grinberg D, LaCroix AZ, Haessler J, Chasman DI, Giulianini F, Rose LM, Ridker PM, Eisman JA, Nguyen TV, Center JR, Nogues X, Garcia-Giralt N, Launer LL, Gudnason V, Mellström D, Vandenput L, Amin N, van Duijn CM, Karlsson MK, Ljunggren Ö, Svensson O, Hallmans G, Rousseau F, Giroux S, Bussière J, Arp PP, Koromani F, Prince RL, Lewis JR, Langdahl BL, Hermann AP, Jensen JEB, Kaptoge S, Khaw KT, Reeve J, Formosa MM, Xuereb-Anastasi A, Åkesson K, McGuigan FE, Garg G, Olmos JM, Zarrabeitia MT, Riancho JA, Ralston SH, Alonso N, Jiang X, Goltzman D, Pastinen T, Grundberg E, Gauguier D, Orwoll ES, Karasik D, Davey-Smith G, Smith AV, Siggeirsdottir K, Harris TB, Zillikens MC, van Meurs JBJ, Thorsteinsdottir U, Maurano MT, Timpson NJ, Soranzo N, Durbin R, Wilson SG, Ntzani EE, Brown MA, Stefansson K, Hinds DA, Spector T, Cupples LA, Ohlsson C, Greenwood CMT, Jackson RD, Rowe DW, Loomis CA, Evans DM, Ackert-Bicknell CL, Joyner AL, Duncan EL, Kiel DP, Rivadeneira F, Richards JB. Whole-genome sequencing identifies EN1 as a determinant of bone density and fracture. Nature 2015; 526:112-117. [PMID: 26367794 PMCID: PMC4755714 DOI: 10.1038/nature14878 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The extent to which low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) between 1-5%) and rare (MAF ≤ 1%) variants contribute to complex traits and disease in the general population is mainly unknown. Bone mineral density (BMD) is highly heritable, a major predictor of osteoporotic fractures, and has been previously associated with common genetic variants, as well as rare, population-specific, coding variants. Here we identify novel non-coding genetic variants with large effects on BMD (ntotal = 53,236) and fracture (ntotal = 508,253) in individuals of European ancestry from the general population. Associations for BMD were derived from whole-genome sequencing (n = 2,882 from UK10K (ref. 10); a population-based genome sequencing consortium), whole-exome sequencing (n = 3,549), deep imputation of genotyped samples using a combined UK10K/1000 Genomes reference panel (n = 26,534), and de novo replication genotyping (n = 20,271). We identified a low-frequency non-coding variant near a novel locus, EN1, with an effect size fourfold larger than the mean of previously reported common variants for lumbar spine BMD (rs11692564(T), MAF = 1.6%, replication effect size = +0.20 s.d., Pmeta = 2 × 10(-14)), which was also associated with a decreased risk of fracture (odds ratio = 0.85; P = 2 × 10(-11); ncases = 98,742 and ncontrols = 409,511). Using an En1(cre/flox) mouse model, we observed that conditional loss of En1 results in low bone mass, probably as a consequence of high bone turnover. We also identified a novel low-frequency non-coding variant with large effects on BMD near WNT16 (rs148771817(T), MAF = 1.2%, replication effect size = +0.41 s.d., Pmeta = 1 × 10(-11)). In general, there was an excess of association signals arising from deleterious coding and conserved non-coding variants. These findings provide evidence that low-frequency non-coding variants have large effects on BMD and fracture, thereby providing rationale for whole-genome sequencing and improved imputation reference panels to study the genetic architecture of complex traits and disease in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Feng Zheng
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Forgetta
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Karol Estrada
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Alberto Rosello-Diez
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Paul J Leo
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Chitra L Dahia
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Tissue Engineering, Regeneration and Repair Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York 10021, USA
| | - Kyung Hyun Park-Min
- Rheumatology Divison, Hospital for Special Surgery New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Jonathan H Tobias
- School of Clinical Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | | | - Aaron Kleinman
- Department of Research, 23andMe, Mountain View, California 94041, USA
| | | | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Charlotta Uggla
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg S-413 45, Sweden
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Carrie M Nielson
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
- Bone &Mineral Unit, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Klaudia Walter
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ulrika Pettersson-Kymmer
- Departments of Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå S-901 87, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden
| | - Shane McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Joel Eriksson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg S-413 45, Sweden
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg S-413 45, Sweden
| | - Tony Kwan
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Mila Jhamai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
| | - Katerina Trajanoska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
| | - Yasin Memari
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Josine Min
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Jie Huang
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Petr Danecek
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Beth Wilmot
- Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
- Department of Medical and Clinical Informatics, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Wen-Chi Chou
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Lauren E Mokry
- Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Alireza Moayyeri
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London NW1 2DA, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Melina Claussnitzer
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Cheng
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, USA
| | - Warren Cheung
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Carolina Medina-Gómez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Bing Ge
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Shu-Huang Chen
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Kwangbom Choi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Ling Oei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - James Fraser
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew A Hibbs
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212, USA
| | - Celia L Gregson
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Denis Paquette
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Carl Wibom
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå S-901 87, Sweden
| | - Gregory J Tranah
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
- Bone &Mineral Unit, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Mhairi Marshall
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Brooke B Gardiner
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Katie Cremin
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Paul Auer
- School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53726, USA
| | - Li Hsu
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Sue Ring
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Joyce Y Tung
- Department of Research, 23andMe, Mountain View, California 94041, USA
| | | | - Anke W Enneman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M van Schoor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nathalie van der Velde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Geriatrics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam 1105, The Netherlands
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå S-901 87, Sweden
| | - John P Kemp
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | | | - Adrian Sayers
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Sophie Calderari
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris 75006, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, University Pierre &Marie Curie, Paris 75013, France
| | - Jeroen van Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Chris Carlson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Soizik Berlivet
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Josée Dostie
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen R Williams
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Centre for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Charles Farber
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Centre for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Daniel Grinberg
- Department of Genetics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- U-720, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona 28029, Spain
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, The Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Women's Health Center of Excellence Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California - San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Jeff Haessler
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - John A Eisman
- Osteoporosis &Bone Biology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney 2010, Australia
- School of Medicine Sydney, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney 6959, Australia
- St. Vincent's Hospital &Clinical School, NSW University, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Tuan V Nguyen
- Osteoporosis &Bone Biology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St. Vincent's Hospital &Clinical School, NSW University, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Jacqueline R Center
- Osteoporosis &Bone Biology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St. Vincent's Hospital &Clinical School, NSW University, Sydney 2010, Australia
| | - Xavier Nogues
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Cooperative Research Network on Aging and Fragility (RETICEF), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Natalia Garcia-Giralt
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Cooperative Research Network on Aging and Fragility (RETICEF), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029, Spain
| | - Lenore L Launer
- Neuroepidemiology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Vilmunder Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur IS-201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik IS-101, Iceland
| | - Dan Mellström
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg S-413 45, Sweden
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg S-413 45, Sweden
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic epidemiology unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000CA, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Genetic epidemiology unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000CA, The Netherlands
| | - Magnus K Karlsson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Skåne University Hospital Malmö 205 02, Sweden
| | - Östen Ljunggren
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Olle Svensson
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå Unviersity, Umeå 901 85, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden
| | - François Rousseau
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Université Laval, Québec City G1V 0A6, Canada
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Sylvie Giroux
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Johanne Bussière
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec City G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Pascal P Arp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
| | - Fjorda Koromani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
| | - Richard L Prince
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Bente L Langdahl
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - A Pernille Hermann
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C 5000, Denmark
| | - Jens-Erik B Jensen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre 2650, Denmark
| | - Stephen Kaptoge
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London NW1 2DA, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
| | - Jonathan Reeve
- Medicine and Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Melissa M Formosa
- Department of Applied Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta
| | - Angela Xuereb-Anastasi
- Department of Applied Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta
| | - Kristina Åkesson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Skåne University Hospital Malmö 205 02, Sweden
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Sweden
| | - Fiona E McGuigan
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Sweden
| | - Gaurav Garg
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Sweden
| | - Jose M Olmos
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital U.M. Valdecilla- IDIVAL, Santander 39008, Spain
| | - Maria T Zarrabeitia
- Department of Legal Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Jose A Riancho
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Cantabria, Santander 39011, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital U.M. Valdecilla- IDIVAL, Santander 39008, Spain
| | - Stuart H Ralston
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Nerea Alonso
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
| | - David Goltzman
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Elin Grundberg
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montréal H3A 0G1, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Dominique Gauguier
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris 75006, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, University Pierre &Marie Curie, Paris 75013, France
| | - Eric S Orwoll
- Bone &Mineral Unit, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - David Karasik
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, USA
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 13010, Israel
| | - George Davey-Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur IS-201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik IS-101, Iceland
| | | | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- Department of Population Genomics, deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik IS-101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik IS-101, Iceland
| | - Matthew T Maurano
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Richard Durbin
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
| | - Evangelia E Ntzani
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina 45110, Greece
- Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA
| | - Matthew A Brown
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Kari Stefansson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik IS-101, Iceland
- deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik IS-101, Iceland
| | - David A Hinds
- Department of Research, 23andMe, Mountain View, California 94041, USA
| | - Tim Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg S-413 45, Sweden
| | - Celia M T Greenwood
- Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1B1, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A2, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Gerald Bronfman Centre, McGill University, Montréal H2W 1S6, Canada
| | - Rebecca D Jackson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - David W Rowe
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
| | - Cynthia A Loomis
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology and Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - David M Evans
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | | | - Alexandra L Joyner
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Emma L Duncan
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - J Brent Richards
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
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Ruth KS, Campbell PJ, Chew S, Lim EM, Hadlow N, Stuckey BGA, Brown SJ, Feenstra B, Joseph J, Surdulescu GL, Zheng HF, Richards JB, Murray A, Spector TD, Wilson SG, Perry JRB. Genome-wide association study with 1000 genomes imputation identifies signals for nine sex hormone-related phenotypes. Eur J Hum Genet 2015; 24:284-90. [PMID: 26014426 PMCID: PMC4564946 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors contribute strongly to sex hormone levels, yet knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms remains incomplete. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified only a small number of loci associated with sex hormone levels, with several reproductive hormones yet to be assessed. The aim of the study was to identify novel genetic variants contributing to the regulation of sex hormones. We performed GWAS using genotypes imputed from the 1000 Genomes reference panel. The study used genotype and phenotype data from a UK twin register. We included 2913 individuals (up to 294 males) from the Twins UK study, excluding individuals receiving hormone treatment. Phenotypes were standardised for age, sex, BMI, stage of menstrual cycle and menopausal status. We tested 7 879 351 autosomal SNPs for association with levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), oestradiol, free androgen index (FAI), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, progesterone, sex hormone-binding globulin and testosterone. Eight independent genetic variants reached genome-wide significance (P<5 × 10−8), with minor allele frequencies of 1.3–23.9%. Novel signals included variants for progesterone (P=7.68 × 10−12), oestradiol (P=1.63 × 10−8) and FAI (P=1.50 × 10−8). A genetic variant near the FSHB gene was identified which influenced both FSH (P=1.74 × 10−8) and LH (P=3.94 × 10−9) levels. A separate locus on chromosome 7 was associated with both DHEAS (P=1.82 × 10−14) and progesterone (P=6.09 × 10−14). This study highlights loci that are relevant to reproductive function and suggests overlap in the genetic basis of hormone regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Ruth
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Shelby Chew
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Narelle Hadlow
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Bronwyn G A Stuckey
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Joseph
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Gabriela L Surdulescu
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hou Feng Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - J Brent Richards
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Medicine, Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anna Murray
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.,MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complications from HELLP (Haemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet) syndrome may present as an emergency to any surgeon. We review the ten-year experience of a tertiary hepatobiliary centre managing HELLP patients. Three selected cases are described to highlight our management strategy and a systematic review of the recent literature is presented. METHODS All patients with HELLP syndrome were identified from a prospectively maintained database and their details collated. Subsequently, a detailed search of PubMed was carried out to identify all case series of HELLP syndrome in the literature in the English language since 1999. RESULTS On review of 1,002 cases, 10 patients were identified with surgical complications of HELLP syndrome. Seven of these patients had a significant liver injury. Only three of these required surgical intervention for liver injury although four other patients required surgical intervention for other complications. There was no maternal mortality in this series. Review of the literature identified 49 cases in 31 publications. The management approaches of these patients were compared with ours. CONCLUSIONS We have presented a large series of patients with surgical complications resulting from HELLP syndrome managed without maternal mortality. This review has confirmed that haemodynamically stable patients with HELLP syndrome associated hepatic rupture can be conservatively treated successfully. However, in unstable patients, perihepatic packing and transfer to a specialist liver unit is recommended.
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Mullin BH, Mamotte C, Prince RL, Wilson SG. Influence of ARHGEF3 and RHOA knockdown on ACTA2 and other genes in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98116. [PMID: 24840563 PMCID: PMC4026532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common bone disease that has a strong genetic component. Genome-wide linkage studies have identified the chromosomal region 3p14-p22 as a quantitative trait locus for bone mineral density (BMD). We have previously identified associations between variation in two related genes located in 3p14-p22, ARHGEF3 and RHOA, and BMD in women. In this study we performed knockdown of these genes using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in human osteoblast-like and osteoclast-like cells in culture, with subsequent microarray analysis to identify genes differentially regulated from a list of 264 candidate genes. Validation of selected findings was then carried out in additional human cell lines/cultures using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The qRT-PCR results showed significant down-regulation of the ACTA2 gene, encoding the cytoskeletal protein alpha 2 actin, in response to RHOA knockdown in both osteoblast-like (P<0.001) and osteoclast-like cells (P = 0.002). RHOA knockdown also caused up-regulation of the PTH1R gene, encoding the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor, in Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells (P<0.001). Other findings included down-regulation of the TNFRSF11B gene, encoding osteoprotegerin, in response to ARHGEF3 knockdown in the Saos-2 and hFOB 1.19 osteoblast-like cells (P = 0.003–0.02), and down-regulation of ARHGDIA, encoding the Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha, in response to RHOA knockdown in osteoclast-like cells (P<0.001). These studies identify ARHGEF3 and RHOA as potential regulators of a number of genes in bone cells, including TNFRSF11B, ARHGDIA, PTH1R and ACTA2, with influences on the latter evident in both osteoblast-like and osteoclast-like cells. This adds further evidence to previous studies suggesting a role for the ARHGEF3 and RHOA genes in bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H. Mullin
- Dept. of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Cyril Mamotte
- School of Biomedical Sciences and CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard L. Prince
- Dept. of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Dept. of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Twin and Genetic Epidemiology Research Unit, St Thomas’ Hospital Campus, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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43
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Medici M, Porcu E, Pistis G, Teumer A, Brown SJ, Jensen RA, Rawal R, Roef GL, Plantinga TS, Vermeulen SH, Lahti J, Simmonds MJ, Husemoen LLN, Freathy RM, Shields BM, Pietzner D, Nagy R, Broer L, Chaker L, Korevaar TIM, Plia MG, Sala C, Völker U, Richards JB, Sweep FC, Gieger C, Corre T, Kajantie E, Thuesen B, Taes YE, Visser WE, Hattersley AT, Kratzsch J, Hamilton A, Li W, Homuth G, Lobina M, Mariotti S, Soranzo N, Cocca M, Nauck M, Spielhagen C, Ross A, Arnold A, van de Bunt M, Liyanarachchi S, Heier M, Grabe HJ, Masciullo C, Galesloot TE, Lim EM, Reischl E, Leedman PJ, Lai S, Delitala A, Bremner AP, Philips DIW, Beilby JP, Mulas A, Vocale M, Abecasis G, Forsen T, James A, Widen E, Hui J, Prokisch H, Rietzschel EE, Palotie A, Feddema P, Fletcher SJ, Schramm K, Rotter JI, Kluttig A, Radke D, Traglia M, Surdulescu GL, He H, Franklyn JA, Tiller D, Vaidya B, de Meyer T, Jørgensen T, Eriksson JG, O'Leary PC, Wichmann E, Hermus AR, Psaty BM, Ittermann T, Hofman A, Bosi E, Schlessinger D, Wallaschofski H, Pirastu N, Aulchenko YS, de la Chapelle A, Netea-Maier RT, Gough SCL, Meyer zu Schwabedissen H, Frayling TM, Kaufman JM, Linneberg A, Räikkönen K, Smit JWA, Kiemeney LA, Rivadeneira F, Uitterlinden AG, Walsh JP, Meisinger C, den Heijer M, Visser TJ, Spector TD, Wilson SG, Völzke H, Cappola A, Toniolo D, Sanna S, Naitza S, Peeters RP. Identification of novel genetic Loci associated with thyroid peroxidase antibodies and clinical thyroid disease. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004123. [PMID: 24586183 PMCID: PMC3937134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are common, affecting 2-5% of the general population. Individuals with positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs) have an increased risk of autoimmune hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), as well as autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease). As the possible causative genes of TPOAbs and AITD remain largely unknown, we performed GWAS meta-analyses in 18,297 individuals for TPOAb-positivity (1769 TPOAb-positives and 16,528 TPOAb-negatives) and in 12,353 individuals for TPOAb serum levels, with replication in 8,990 individuals. Significant associations (P<5×10(-8)) were detected at TPO-rs11675434, ATXN2-rs653178, and BACH2-rs10944479 for TPOAb-positivity, and at TPO-rs11675434, MAGI3-rs1230666, and KALRN-rs2010099 for TPOAb levels. Individual and combined effects (genetic risk scores) of these variants on (subclinical) hypo- and hyperthyroidism, goiter and thyroid cancer were studied. Individuals with a high genetic risk score had, besides an increased risk of TPOAb-positivity (OR: 2.18, 95% CI 1.68-2.81, P = 8.1×10(-8)), a higher risk of increased thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (OR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.26-1.82, P = 2.9×10(-6)), as well as a decreased risk of goiter (OR: 0.77, 95% CI 0.66-0.89, P = 6.5×10(-4)). The MAGI3 and BACH2 variants were associated with an increased risk of hyperthyroidism, which was replicated in an independent cohort of patients with Graves' disease (OR: 1.37, 95% CI 1.22-1.54, P = 1.2×10(-7) and OR: 1.25, 95% CI 1.12-1.39, P = 6.2×10(-5)). The MAGI3 variant was also associated with an increased risk of hypothyroidism (OR: 1.57, 95% CI 1.18-2.10, P = 1.9×10(-3)). This first GWAS meta-analysis for TPOAbs identified five newly associated loci, three of which were also associated with clinical thyroid disease. With these markers we identified a large subgroup in the general population with a substantially increased risk of TPOAbs. The results provide insight into why individuals with thyroid autoimmunity do or do not eventually develop thyroid disease, and these markers may therefore predict which TPOAb-positives are particularly at risk of developing clinical thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Eleonora Porcu
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Suzanne J. Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard A. Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Rawal
- Institute for Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Greet L. Roef
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ghent and Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Theo S. Plantinga
- Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sita H. Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jari Lahti
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthew J. Simmonds
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lise Lotte N. Husemoen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, the Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Rachel M. Freathy
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Beverley M. Shields
- Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Pietzner
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Rebecca Nagy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim I. M. Korevaar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Grazia Plia
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - J. Brent Richards
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fred C. Sweep
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute for Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eero Kajantie
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Betina Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, the Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Youri E. Taes
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ghent and Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - W. Edward Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew T. Hattersley
- Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Jürgen Kratzsch
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Hamilton
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Li
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Monia Lobina
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Mariotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christin Spielhagen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alec Ross
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alice Arnold
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Martijn van de Bunt
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Margit Heier
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, HELIOS Hospital Stralsund, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Corrado Masciullo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Tessel E. Galesloot
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ee M. Lim
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eva Reischl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Peter J. Leedman
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, the University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- UWA Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sandra Lai
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Alexandra P. Bremner
- School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David I. W. Philips
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - John P. Beilby
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Matteo Vocale
- High Performance Computing and Network, CRS4, Parco Tecnologico della Sardegna, Pula, Italy
| | - Goncalo Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Tom Forsen
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Vaasa Health Care Centre, Diabetes Unit, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Alan James
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, the University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Widen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jennie Hui
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ernst E. Rietzschel
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ghent and Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Katharina Schramm
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Kluttig
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dörte Radke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michela Traglia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriela L. Surdulescu
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Huiling He
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jayne A. Franklyn
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Univeristy of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Tiller
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Bijay Vaidya
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Vascular Health Centre, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Tim de Meyer
- BIOBIX Lab. for Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics, Dept. of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics. Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, the Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland
| | - Peter C. O'Leary
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eric Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ad R. Hermus
- Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Henri Wallaschofski
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicola Pirastu
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Yurii S. Aulchenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Romana T. Netea-Maier
- Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen C. L. Gough
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Timothy M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Marc Kaufman
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ghent and Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, the Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes W. A. Smit
- Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - John P. Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, the University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin den Heijer
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo J. Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, the University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anne Cappola
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics-CNR, Pavia, Italy
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Naitza
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Robin P. Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Moayyeri A, Hsu YH, Karasik D, Estrada K, Xiao SM, Nielson C, Srikanth P, Giroux S, Wilson SG, Zheng HF, Smith AV, Pye SR, Leo PJ, Teumer A, Hwang JY, Ohlsson C, McGuigan F, Minster RL, Hayward C, Olmos JM, Lyytikäinen LP, Lewis JR, Swart KMA, Masi L, Oldmeadow C, Holliday EG, Cheng S, van Schoor NM, Harvey NC, Kruk M, del Greco M F, Igl W, Trummer O, Grigoriou E, Luben R, Liu CT, Zhou Y, Oei L, Medina-Gomez C, Zmuda J, Tranah G, Brown SJ, Williams FM, Soranzo N, Jakobsdottir J, Siggeirsdottir K, Holliday KL, Hannemann A, Go MJ, Garcia M, Polasek O, Laaksonen M, Zhu K, Enneman AW, McEvoy M, Peel R, Sham PC, Jaworski M, Johansson Å, Hicks AA, Pludowski P, Scott R, Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, van der Velde N, Kähönen M, Viikari JS, Sievänen H, Raitakari OT, González-Macías J, Hernández JL, Mellström D, Ljunggren O, Cho YS, Völker U, Nauck M, Homuth G, Völzke H, Haring R, Brown MA, McCloskey E, Nicholson GC, Eastell R, Eisman JA, Jones G, Reid IR, Dennison EM, Wark J, Boonen S, Vanderschueren D, Wu FCW, Aspelund T, Richards JB, Bauer D, Hofman A, Khaw KT, Dedoussis G, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Gyllensten U, Pramstaller PP, Lorenc RS, Cooper C, Kung AWC, Lips P, Alen M, Attia J, Brandi ML, de Groot LCPGM, Lehtimäki T, Riancho JA, Campbell H, Liu Y, Harris TB, Akesson K, Karlsson M, Lee JY, Wallaschofski H, Duncan EL, O'Neill TW, Gudnason V, Spector TD, Rousseau F, Orwoll E, Cummings SR, Wareham NJ, Rivadeneira F, Uitterlinden AG, Prince RL, Kiel DP, Reeve J, Kaptoge SK. Genetic determinants of heel bone properties: genome-wide association meta-analysis and replication in the GEFOS/GENOMOS consortium. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:3054-68. [PMID: 24430505 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative ultrasound of the heel captures heel bone properties that independently predict fracture risk and, with bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by X-ray (DXA), may be convenient alternatives for evaluating osteoporosis and fracture risk. We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) studies to assess the genetic determinants of heel broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA; n = 14 260), velocity of sound (VOS; n = 15 514) and BMD (n = 4566) in 13 discovery cohorts. Independent replication involved seven cohorts with GWA data (in silico n = 11 452) and new genotyping in 15 cohorts (de novo n = 24 902). In combined random effects, meta-analysis of the discovery and replication cohorts, nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had genome-wide significant (P < 5 × 10(-8)) associations with heel bone properties. Alongside SNPs within or near previously identified osteoporosis susceptibility genes including ESR1 (6q25.1: rs4869739, rs3020331, rs2982552), SPTBN1 (2p16.2: rs11898505), RSPO3 (6q22.33: rs7741021), WNT16 (7q31.31: rs2908007), DKK1 (10q21.1: rs7902708) and GPATCH1 (19q13.11: rs10416265), we identified a new locus on chromosome 11q14.2 (rs597319 close to TMEM135, a gene recently linked to osteoblastogenesis and longevity) significantly associated with both BUA and VOS (P < 8.23 × 10(-14)). In meta-analyses involving 25 cohorts with up to 14 985 fracture cases, six of 10 SNPs associated with heel bone properties at P < 5 × 10(-6) also had the expected direction of association with any fracture (P < 0.05), including three SNPs with P < 0.005: 6q22.33 (rs7741021), 7q31.31 (rs2908007) and 10q21.1 (rs7902708). In conclusion, this GWA study reveals the effect of several genes common to central DXA-derived BMD and heel ultrasound/DXA measures and points to a new genetic locus with potential implications for better understanding of osteoporosis pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Moayyeri
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Mullin BH, Mamotte C, Prince RL, Spector TD, Dudbridge F, Wilson SG. Conditional testing of multiple variants associated with bone mineral density in the FLNB gene region suggests that they represent a single association signal. BMC Genet 2013; 14:107. [PMID: 24176111 PMCID: PMC3818969 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-14-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a primary risk factor for osteoporosis and is a highly heritable trait, but appears to be influenced by many genes. Genome-wide linkage studies have highlighted the chromosomal region 3p14-p22 as a quantitative trait locus for BMD (LOD 1.1 - 3.5). The FLNB gene, which is thought to have a role in cytoskeletal actin dynamics, is located within this chromosomal region and presents as a strong candidate for BMD regulation. We have previously identified significant associations between four SNPs in the FLNB gene and BMD in women. We have also previously identified associations between five SNPs located 5' of the transcription start site (TSS) and in intron 1 of the FLNB gene and expression of FLNB mRNA in osteoblasts in vitro. The latter five SNPs were genotyped in this study to test for association with BMD parameters in a family-based population of 769 Caucasian women. RESULTS Using FBAT, significant associations were seen for femoral neck BMD Z-score with the SNPs rs11720285, rs11130605 and rs9809315 (P = 0.004 - 0.043). These three SNPs were also found to be significantly associated with total hip BMD Z-score (P = 0.014 - 0.026). We then combined the genotype data for these three SNPs with the four SNPs we previously identified as associated with BMD and performed a conditional analysis to determine whether they represent multiple independent associations with BMD. The results from this analysis suggested that these variants represent a single association signal. CONCLUSIONS The SNPs identified in our studies as associated with BMD appear to be part of a single association signal between the FLNB gene and BMD in our data. FLNB is one of several genes located in 3p14-p22 that has been identified as significantly associated with BMD in Caucasian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and CHIRI Biosciences, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cyril Mamotte
- School of Biomedical Sciences and CHIRI Biosciences, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard L Prince
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tim D Spector
- Twin & Genetic Epidemiology Research Unit, St Thomas’ Hospital Campus, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Twin & Genetic Epidemiology Research Unit, St Thomas’ Hospital Campus, King’s College London, London, UK
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Menni C, Kastenmüller G, Petersen AK, Bell JT, Psatha M, Tsai PC, Gieger C, Schulz H, Erte I, John S, Brosnan MJ, Wilson SG, Tsaprouni L, Lim EM, Stuckey B, Deloukas P, Mohney R, Suhre K, Spector TD, Valdes AM. Metabolomic markers reveal novel pathways of ageing and early development in human populations. Int J Epidemiol 2013; 42:1111-9. [PMID: 23838602 PMCID: PMC3781000 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyt094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human ageing is a complex, multifactorial process and early developmental factors affect health outcomes in old age. METHODS Metabolomic profiling on fasting blood was carried out in 6055 individuals from the UK. Stepwise regression was performed to identify a panel of independent metabolites which could be used as a surrogate for age. We also investigated the association with birthweight overall and within identical discordant twins and with genome-wide methylation levels. RESULTS We identified a panel of 22 metabolites which combined are strongly correlated with age (R(2) = 59%) and with age-related clinical traits independently of age. One particular metabolite, C-glycosyl tryptophan (C-glyTrp), correlated strongly with age (beta = 0.03, SE = 0.001, P = 7.0 × 10(-157)) and lung function (FEV1 beta = -0.04, SE = 0.008, P = 1.8 × 10(-8) adjusted for age and confounders) and was replicated in an independent population (n = 887). C-glyTrp was also associated with bone mineral density (beta = -0.01, SE = 0.002, P = 1.9 × 10(-6)) and birthweight (beta = -0.06, SE = 0.01, P = 2.5 × 10(-9)). The difference in C-glyTrp levels explained 9.4% of the variance in the difference in birthweight between monozygotic twins. An epigenome-wide association study in 172 individuals identified three CpG-sites, associated with levels of C-glyTrp (P < 2 × 10(-6)). We replicated one CpG site in the promoter of the WDR85 gene in an independent sample of 350 individuals (beta = -0.20, SE = 0.04, P = 2.9 × 10(-8)). WDR85 is a regulator of translation elongation factor 2, essential for protein synthesis in eukaryotes. CONCLUSIONS Our data illustrate how metabolomic profiling linked with epigenetic studies can identify some key molecular mechanisms potentially determined in early development that produce long-term physiological changes influencing human health and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK, Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany, Pfizer Research Laboratories, Groton, CT, USA, Worldwide R&D, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK, Metabolon Inc., 617 Davis Drive, Durham, NC 27713, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, State of Qatar and Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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Porcu E, Medici M, Pistis G, Volpato CB, Wilson SG, Cappola AR, Bos SD, Deelen J, den Heijer M, Freathy RM, Lahti J, Liu C, Lopez LM, Nolte IM, O'Connell JR, Tanaka T, Trompet S, Arnold A, Bandinelli S, Beekman M, Böhringer S, Brown SJ, Buckley BM, Camaschella C, de Craen AJM, Davies G, de Visser MCH, Ford I, Forsen T, Frayling TM, Fugazzola L, Gögele M, Hattersley AT, Hermus AR, Hofman A, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Jensen RA, Kajantie E, Kloppenburg M, Lim EM, Masciullo C, Mariotti S, Minelli C, Mitchell BD, Nagaraja R, Netea-Maier RT, Palotie A, Persani L, Piras MG, Psaty BM, Räikkönen K, Richards JB, Rivadeneira F, Sala C, Sabra MM, Sattar N, Shields BM, Soranzo N, Starr JM, Stott DJ, Sweep FCGJ, Usala G, van der Klauw MM, van Heemst D, van Mullem A, H.Vermeulen S, Visser WE, Walsh JP, Westendorp RGJ, Widen E, Zhai G, Cucca F, Deary IJ, Eriksson JG, Ferrucci L, Fox CS, Jukema JW, Kiemeney LA, Pramstaller PP, Schlessinger D, Shuldiner AR, Slagboom EP, Uitterlinden AG, Vaidya B, Visser TJ, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Meulenbelt I, Rotter JI, Spector TD, Hicks AA, Toniolo D, Sanna S, Peeters RP, Naitza S. A meta-analysis of thyroid-related traits reveals novel loci and gender-specific differences in the regulation of thyroid function. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003266. [PMID: 23408906 PMCID: PMC3567175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone is essential for normal metabolism and development, and overt abnormalities in thyroid function lead to common endocrine disorders affecting approximately 10% of individuals over their life span. In addition, even mild alterations in thyroid function are associated with weight changes, atrial fibrillation, osteoporosis, and psychiatric disorders. To identify novel variants underlying thyroid function, we performed a large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for serum levels of the highly heritable thyroid function markers TSH and FT4, in up to 26,420 and 17,520 euthyroid subjects, respectively. Here we report 26 independent associations, including several novel loci for TSH (PDE10A, VEGFA, IGFBP5, NFIA, SOX9, PRDM11, FGF7, INSR, ABO, MIR1179, NRG1, MBIP, ITPK1, SASH1, GLIS3) and FT4 (LHX3, FOXE1, AADAT, NETO1/FBXO15, LPCAT2/CAPNS2). Notably, only limited overlap was detected between TSH and FT4 associated signals, in spite of the feedback regulation of their circulating levels by the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Five of the reported loci (PDE8B, PDE10A, MAF/LOC440389, NETO1/FBXO15, and LPCAT2/CAPNS2) show strong gender-specific differences, which offer clues for the known sexual dimorphism in thyroid function and related pathologies. Importantly, the TSH-associated loci contribute not only to variation within the normal range, but also to TSH values outside the reference range, suggesting that they may be involved in thyroid dysfunction. Overall, our findings explain, respectively, 5.64% and 2.30% of total TSH and FT4 trait variance, and they improve the current knowledge of the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis function and the consequences of genetic variation for hypo- or hyperthyroidism. Levels of thyroid hormones are tightly regulated by TSH produced in the pituitary, and even mild alterations in their concentrations are strong indicators of thyroid pathologies, which are very common worldwide. To identify common genetic variants associated with the highly heritable markers of thyroid function, TSH and FT4, we conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 26,420 and 17,520 individuals, respectively, of European ancestry with normal thyroid function. Our analysis identified 26 independent genetic variants regulating these traits, several of which are new, and confirmed previously detected polymorphisms affecting TSH (within the PDE8B gene and near CAPZB, MAF/LOC440389, and NR3C2) and FT4 (within DIO1) levels. Gender-specific differences in the genetic effects of several variants for TSH and FT4 levels were identified at several loci, which offer clues to understand the known sexual dimorphism in thyroid function and pathology. Of particular clinical interest, we show that TSH-associated loci contribute not only to normal variation, but also to TSH values outside reference range, suggesting that they may be involved in thyroid dysfunction. Overall, our findings add to the developing landscape of the regulation of thyroid homeostasis and the consequences of genetic variation for thyroid related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Porcu
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudia B. Volpato
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anne R. Cappola
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Steffan D. Bos
- Leiden University Medical Center, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Deelen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin den Heijer
- Department of Endocrinology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel M. Freathy
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Jari Lahti
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Center for Population Studies, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lorna M. Lopez
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey R. O'Connell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alice Arnold
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Marian Beekman
- Leiden University Medical Center, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Böhringer
- Leiden University Medical Center, Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne J. Brown
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brendan M. Buckley
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Clara Camaschella
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano, Italy
- Vita e Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Anton J. M. de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gail Davies
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marieke C. H. de Visser
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Forsen
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland
- Vaasa Health Care Centre, Diabetes Unit, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Timothy M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Endocrine Unit, Fondazione Ca' Granda Policlinico and Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Martin Gögele
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
| | - Andrew T. Hattersley
- Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Ad R. Hermus
- Department of Endocrinology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Richard A. Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ee M. Lim
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Corrado Masciullo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Mariotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università di Cagliari, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cosetta Minelli
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ramaiah Nagaraja
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Romana T. Netea-Maier
- Department of Endocrinology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki and University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Luca, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria G. Piras
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J. Brent Richards
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Departments of Human Genetics, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cinzia Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Mona M. Sabra
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Medicine-Endocrinology, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Beverley M. Shields
- Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John M. Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Stott
- Academic Section of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Fred C. G. J. Sweep
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gianluca Usala
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Melanie M. van der Klauw
- LifeLines Cohort Study, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Leiden University Medical Center, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alies van Mullem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sita H.Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - W. Edward Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John P. Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rudi G. J. Westendorp
- Leiden University Medical Center, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Widen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Guangju Zhai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Discipline of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. Johns, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Caroline S. Fox
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Hypertension, and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alan R. Shuldiner
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eline P. Slagboom
- Leiden University Medical Center, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bijay Vaidya
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Vascular Health Centre, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Theo J. Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel
- LifeLines Cohort Study, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Leiden University Medical Center, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics–CNR, Pavia, Italy
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- * E-mail: (S Sanna); (RP Peeters); (S Naitza)
| | - Robin P. Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (S Sanna); (RP Peeters); (S Naitza)
| | - Silvia Naitza
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- * E-mail: (S Sanna); (RP Peeters); (S Naitza)
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Pleizier NK, Campana SE, Schallert RJ, Wilson SG, Block BA. Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) Diet in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and on the Eastern Scotian Shelf. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2960/j.v44.m685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chew S, Dastani Z, Brown SJ, Lewis JR, Dudbridge F, Soranzo N, Surdulescu GL, Richards JB, Spector TD, Wilson SG. Copy number variation of the APC gene is associated with regulation of bone mineral density. Bone 2012; 51:939-43. [PMID: 22884971 PMCID: PMC3918860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetic studies of osteoporosis have commonly examined SNPs in candidate genes or whole genome analyses, but insertions and deletions of DNA, collectively called copy number variations (CNVs), also comprise a large amount of the genetic variability between individuals. Previously, SNPs in the APC gene have been strongly associated with femoral neck and lumbar spine volumetric bone mineral density in older men. In addition, familial adenomatous polyposis patients carrying heterozygous mutations in the APC gene have been shown to have significantly higher mean bone mineral density than age- and sex-matched controls suggesting the importance of this gene in regulating bone mineral density. We examined CNV within the APC gene region to test for association with bone mineral density. METHODS DNA was extracted from venous blood, genotyped using the Human Hap610 arrays and CNV determined from the fluorescence intensity data in 2070 Caucasian men and women aged 47.0 ± 13.0 (mean ± SD) years, to assess the effects of the CNV on bone mineral density at the forearm, spine and total hip sites. RESULTS Data for covariate adjusted bone mineral density from subjects grouped by APC CNV genotype showed significant difference (P=0.02-0.002). Subjects with a single copy loss of APC had a 7.95%, 13.10% and 13.36% increase in bone mineral density at the forearm, spine and total hip sites respectively, compared to subjects with two copies of the APC gene. CONCLUSIONS These data support previous findings of APC regulating bone mineral density and demonstrate that a novel CNV of the APC gene is significantly associated with bone mineral density in Caucasian men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Chew
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands 6009, Australia.
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50
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Zheng HF, Tobias JH, Duncan E, Evans DM, Eriksson J, Paternoster L, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Lehtimäki T, Bergström U, Kähönen M, Leo PJ, Raitakari O, Laaksonen M, Nicholson GC, Viikari J, Ladouceur M, Lyytikäinen LP, Medina-Gomez C, Rivadeneira F, Prince RL, Sievanen H, Leslie WD, Mellström D, Eisman JA, Movérare-Skrtic S, Goltzman D, Hanley DA, Jones G, St. Pourcain B, Xiao Y, Timpson NJ, Smith GD, Reid IR, Ring SM, Sambrook PN, Karlsson M, Dennison EM, Kemp JP, Danoy P, Sayers A, Wilson SG, Nethander M, McCloskey E, Vandenput L, Eastell R, Liu J, Spector T, Mitchell BD, Streeten EA, Brommage R, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Brown MA, Ohlsson C, Richards JB, Lorentzon M. WNT16 influences bone mineral density, cortical bone thickness, bone strength, and osteoporotic fracture risk. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002745. [PMID: 22792071 PMCID: PMC3390364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with cortical bone thickness (CBT) and bone mineral density (BMD) by performing two separate genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses for CBT in 3 cohorts comprising 5,878 European subjects and for BMD in 5 cohorts comprising 5,672 individuals. We then assessed selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for osteoporotic fracture in 2,023 cases and 3,740 controls. Association with CBT and forearm BMD was tested for ∼2.5 million SNPs in each cohort separately, and results were meta-analyzed using fixed effect meta-analysis. We identified a missense SNP (Thr>Ile; rs2707466) located in the WNT16 gene (7q31), associated with CBT (effect size of -0.11 standard deviations [SD] per C allele, P = 6.2 × 10(-9)). This SNP, as well as another nonsynonymous SNP rs2908004 (Gly>Arg), also had genome-wide significant association with forearm BMD (-0.14 SD per C allele, P = 2.3 × 10(-12), and -0.16 SD per G allele, P = 1.2 × 10(-15), respectively). Four genome-wide significant SNPs arising from BMD meta-analysis were tested for association with forearm fracture. SNP rs7776725 in FAM3C, a gene adjacent to WNT16, was associated with a genome-wide significant increased risk of forearm fracture (OR = 1.33, P = 7.3 × 10(-9)), with genome-wide suggestive signals from the two missense variants in WNT16 (rs2908004: OR = 1.22, P = 4.9 × 10(-6) and rs2707466: OR = 1.22, P = 7.2 × 10(-6)). We next generated a homozygous mouse with targeted disruption of Wnt16. Female Wnt16(-/-) mice had 27% (P<0.001) thinner cortical bones at the femur midshaft, and bone strength measures were reduced between 43%-61% (6.5 × 10(-13)<P<5.9 × 10(-4)) at both femur and tibia, compared with their wild-type littermates. Natural variation in humans and targeted disruption in mice demonstrate that WNT16 is an important determinant of CBT, BMD, bone strength, and risk of fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Feng Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jon H. Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Duncan
- Human Genetics Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Endocrinology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David M. Evans
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Joel Eriksson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ulrica Bergström
- Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Paul J. Leo
- Human Genetics Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine and the Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Marika Laaksonen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard L. Prince
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - William D. Leslie
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Dan Mellström
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John A. Eisman
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Goltzman
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - David A. Hanley
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Beate St. Pourcain
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Yongjun Xiao
- Centre for Bone and Periodontal Research, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R. Reid
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susan M. Ring
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Philip N. Sambrook
- Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Magnus Karlsson
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Elaine M. Dennison
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - John P. Kemp
- Medical Research Council Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Danoy
- Human Genetics Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Adrian Sayers
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Scott G. Wilson
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Nethander
- Genomics Core Facility, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eugene McCloskey
- Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, Metabolic Bone Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Richard Eastell
- Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, Metabolic Bone Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Liu
- Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, The Woodlands, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tim Spector
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Streeten
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert Brommage
- Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, The Woodlands, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ulrika Pettersson-Kymmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå Unviersity, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Matthew A. Brown
- Human Genetics Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - J. Brent Richards
- Department of Medicine, Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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