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Magalhaes T, Portilho MM, Moreira PSS, Marinho ML, Dias WP, Gonçalves NM, Rodrigues OAS, Montes J, Reis L, Jesus DF, Silva TO, Dultra LS, Nery JS, Ribeiro GS. Validation of the use of dried blood spots in a chikungunya virus IgG serological assay. J Immunol Methods 2023; 522:113571. [PMID: 37742825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling is a simple, fast, and minimally invasive blood collection method that is particularly useful for diagnostic or epidemiological studies in hard-to-reach populations. Nevertheless, the use of DBS in assays that have been optimized with gold-standard samples (serum or plasma) must be optimized to yield reliable results. Here, we describe the validation of DBS in a commercial assay to measure IgG against chikungunya virus (CHIKV IgG ELISA; Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany). During a health survey of people experiencing homelessness in Salvador, Brazil, between September 2021 and February 2022, a subset (75/523; 14.3%) of the study participants had paired capillary (for DBS preparation) and venous (for serum separation) blood samples collected. A pilot optimization test was initially performed with 17 paired samples to compare the CHIKV IgG ELISA absorbance values between serum and three different dilutions of DBS. Based on the preliminary results, the best DBS dilution was selected for a final evaluation comparing paired serum and DBS samples from 58 participants. The sensitivity and specificity of the CHIKV ELISA of DBS compared to sera were 100% (95% C.I.: 85.8-100%) and 100% (95% C.I.: 93-100%), respectively. In the linear regression analysis, a coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.98 indicated the excellent performance of DBS in predicting the serum levels of IgG CHIKV antibodies. Our findings suggest that DBS at an optimized dilution is reliable for investigating the prevalence of CHIKV IgG antibodies during population surveys in the commercial assay tested here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, EUA, United States of America; Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Moyra M Portilho
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BraZil
| | | | - Milena L Marinho
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Wiler P Dias
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jane Montes
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Leila Reis
- Centro de Estudos Afro-Orientais, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Dilma F Jesus
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Salvador, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio O Silva
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Lua S Dultra
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Salvador, Salvador, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Brazil
| | - Joilda S Nery
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Guilherme S Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BraZil.
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Foy BD, Some A, Magalhaes T, Gray L, Rao S, Sougue E, Jackson CL, Kittelson J, Slater HC, Bousema T, Da O, Coulidiaty AGV, Colt M, Wade M, Richards K, Some AF, Dabire RK, Parikh S. Repeat Ivermectin Mass Drug Administrations for Malaria Control II: Protocol for a Double-blind, Cluster-Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial for the Integrated Control of Malaria. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e41197. [PMID: 36939832 PMCID: PMC10132043 DOI: 10.2196/41197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gains made against malaria have stagnated since 2015, threatened further by increasing resistance to insecticides and antimalarials. Improvement in malaria control necessitates a multipronged strategy, which includes the development of novel tools. One such tool is mass drug administration (MDA) with endectocides, primarily ivermectin, which has shown promise in reducing malaria transmission through lethal and sublethal impacts on the mosquito vector. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the study is to assess the impact of repeated ivermectin MDA on malaria incidence in children aged ≤10 years. METHODS Repeat Ivermectin MDA for Malaria Control II is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cluster-randomized, and parallel-group trial conducted in a setting with intense seasonal malaria transmission in Southwest Burkina Faso. The study included 14 discrete villages: 7 (50%) randomized to receive standard measures (seasonal malaria chemoprevention [SMC] and bed net use for children aged 3 to 59 months) and placebo, and 7 (50%) randomized to receive standard measures and monthly ivermectin MDA at 300 μg/kg for 3 consecutive days, provided under supervision to all eligible village inhabitants, over 2 successive rainy seasons. Nonpregnant individuals >90 cm in height were eligible for ivermectin MDA, and cotreatment with ivermectin and SMC was not permitted. The primary outcome is malaria incidence in children aged ≤10 years, as assessed by active case surveillance. The secondary safety outcome of repeated ivermectin MDA was assessed through active and passive adverse event monitoring. RESULTS The trial intervention was conducted from July to November in 2019 and 2020, with additional sampling of humans and mosquitoes occurring through February 2022 to assess postintervention changes in transmission patterns. Additional human and entomological assessments were performed over the 2 years in a subset of households from 6 cross-sectional villages. A subset of individuals underwent additional sampling in 2020 to characterize ivermectin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Analysis and unblinding will commence once the database has been completed, cleaned, and locked. CONCLUSIONS Our trial represents the first study to directly assess the impact of a novel approach for malaria control, ivermectin MDA as a mosquitocidal agent, layered into existing standard-of-care interventions. The study was designed to leverage the current SMC deployment infrastructure and will provide evidence regarding the additional benefit of ivermectin MDA in reducing malaria incidence in children. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03967054; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03967054 and Pan African Clinical Trials Registry PACT201907479787308; https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=8219. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/41197.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Foy
- Center for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Anthony Some
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Lyndsey Gray
- Center for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Emmanuel Sougue
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Conner L Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - John Kittelson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Hannah C Slater
- Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases, Program for Appropriate Technology in Health, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Teun Bousema
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ollo Da
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - A Gafar V Coulidiaty
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - McKenzie Colt
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Martina Wade
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Kacey Richards
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - A Fabrice Some
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Roch K Dabire
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Sunil Parikh
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
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Rosenberger KD, Phung Khanh L, Tobian F, Chanpheaktra N, Kumar V, Lum LCS, Sathar J, Pleiteés Sandoval E, Maroén GM, Laksono IS, Mahendradhata Y, Sarker M, Rahman R, Caprara A, Souza Benevides B, Marques ETA, Magalhaes T, Brasil P, Amaral Calvet G, Tami A, Bethencourt SE, Dong Thi Hoai T, Nguyen Tan Thanh K, Tran Van N, Nguyen Tran N, Do Chau V, Yacoub S, Nguyen Van K, Guzmán MG, Martinez PA, Nguyen Than Ha Q, Simmons CP, Wills BA, Geskus RB, Jaenisch T, Wanderley Lopes Gomes K, Soares Mesquita LP, Braga C, Castanha PM, Cordeiro MT, Damasceno L, Chuop B, Ouk S, Sin R, Sun S, Alvarez Vera M, Barahona G, Cruz B, Beck D, Gaczkowski R, Junghanss T, Morales I, Wirths M, Natkunam SK, Ho BK, AbuBakar S, Abd-Jamil J, Syed Omar SF, Lizarazo EF, Vincenti-González MF, Lizarazo EF, Tovar R, Vincenti-González MF, Cao Thi T, Dinh Thi Tri H, Huynh Le Anh H, Huynh Thi Le D, Lai Thi Cong T, Nguyen Thi Hong V, Nguyen Thi My L, Tran Thi Nhu T, Truong Thi Thu T, Banh Thi N, Huynh Lam Thuy T, Nguyen Thi Thu H, Tran Thi Kim V, Vo Thanh L, Dang Thi B, Dinh Thi Thu H, Dinh Van H, Nguyen Nguyen H, Vu Thi Thu H. Early diagnostic indicators of dengue versus other febrile illnesses in Asia and Latin America (IDAMS study): a multicentre, prospective, observational study. Lancet Glob Health 2023; 11:e361-e372. [PMID: 36796983 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improvements in the early diagnosis of dengue are urgently needed, especially in resource-limited settings where the distinction between dengue and other febrile illnesses is crucial for patient management. METHODS In this prospective, observational study (IDAMS), we included patients aged 5 years and older with undifferentiated fever at presentation from 26 outpatient facilities in eight countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, Cambodia, El Salvador, Indonesia, Malaysia, Venezuela, and Viet Nam). We used multivariable logistic regression to investigate the association between clinical symptoms and laboratory tests with dengue versus other febrile illnesses between day 2 and day 5 after onset of fever (ie, illness days). We built a set of candidate regression models including clinical and laboratory variables to reflect the need of a comprehensive versus parsimonious approach. We assessed performance of these models via standard measures of diagnostic values. FINDINGS Between Oct 18, 2011, and Aug 4, 2016, we recruited 7428 patients, of whom 2694 (36%) were diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed dengue and 2495 (34%) with (non-dengue) other febrile illnesses and met inclusion criteria, and were included in the analysis. 2703 (52%) of 5189 included patients were younger than 15 years, 2486 (48%) were aged 15 years or older, 2179 (42%) were female and 3010 (58%) were male. Platelet count, white blood cell count, and the change in these variables from the previous day of illness had a strong association with dengue. Cough and rhinitis had strong associations with other febrile illnesses, whereas bleeding, anorexia, and skin flush were generally associated with dengue. Model performance increased between day 2 and 5 of illness. The comprehensive model (18 clinical and laboratory predictors) had sensitivities of 0·80 to 0·87 and specificities of 0·80 to 0·91, whereas the parsimonious model (eight clinical and laboratory predictors) had sensitivities of 0·80 to 0·88 and specificities of 0·81 to 0·89. A model that includes laboratory markers that are easy to measure (eg, platelet count or white blood cell count) outperformed the models based on clinical variables only. INTERPRETATION Our results confirm the important role of platelet and white blood cell counts in diagnosing dengue, and the importance of serial measurements over subsequent days. We successfully quantified the performance of clinical and laboratory markers covering the early period of dengue. Resulting algorithms performed better than published schemes for distinction of dengue from other febrile illnesses, and take into account the dynamic changes over time. Our results provide crucial information needed for the update of guidelines, including the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness handbook. FUNDING EU's Seventh Framework Programme. TRANSLATIONS For the Bangla, Bahasa Indonesia, Portuguese, Khmer, Spanish and Vietnamese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin D Rosenberger
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lam Phung Khanh
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Frank Tobian
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Varun Kumar
- Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia; East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | | | - Jameela Sathar
- Ampang Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Gabriela M Maroén
- Hospital Nacional de Niños Benjamin Bloom, San Salvador, El Salvador; St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ida Safitri Laksono
- Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Child Health, Dr Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yodi Mahendradhata
- Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Malabika Sarker
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ridwanur Rahman
- Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Bruno Souza Benevides
- Universidade Estadual Do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Centro Universitário Christus-Unichristus, Fortaleza, Brazil; Centro Universitário Fametro-Unifametro, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Amaral Calvet
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Tami
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Bethencourt
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela
| | - Tam Dong Thi Hoai
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | - Ngoc Tran Van
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | - Viet Do Chau
- Children's Hospital Number 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Sophie Yacoub
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - María G Guzmán
- Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kouri" (IPK), Havana, Cuba
| | - Pedro A Martinez
- Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kouri" (IPK), Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Cameron P Simmons
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Institute of Vector-borne Disease, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bridget A Wills
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Ronald B Geskus
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA; Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Magalhaes T, Morais CNL, Azevedo EAN, Jacques IJAA, Castanha PMS, Cordeiro MT, Braga C, Jaenisch T, Marques ETA, Foy BD. Two-year Decay of Zika Virus Neutralizing Antibodies in People Living in an Endemic Region in Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:186-189. [DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
It is currently not clear whether humoral immunity to Zika virus (ZIKV) elicited upon natural ZIKV infection is long-lasting. In addition, cross-reactivity of anti-ZIKV antibodies with antigenically related dengue viruses (DENV) may have biological implications in nonnaive individuals who subsequently acquire a heterotypic infection. Cross-reactive humoral immunity between ZIKV and DENV also complicates the interpretation of serological tests to evaluate previous exposure to either virus. Here, we have measured the 2-year decay of ZIKV neutralizing antibodies in people living in a ZIKV/DENV endemic area in Brazil who were identified as having an acute (group 1) or past (but recent) infection (group 2) with ZIKV in 2015–2016. The titers of neutralizing antibodies to ZIKV decreased 9.1 and 2.3 times in groups 1 and 2, respectively. We also show that the plaque reduction neutralization assay (PRNT) is a reliable method to measure past exposure to ZIKV in coendemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Clarice N. L. Morais
- Department of Virology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil
| | - Elisa A. N. Azevedo
- Department of Virology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila M. S. Castanha
- Infectious Disease and Microbiology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Faculty of Medical Science, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil (Castanha, P.)
| | - Marli T. Cordeiro
- Department of Virology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Braga
- Department of Parasitology, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ernesto T. A. Marques
- Infectious Disease and Microbiology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian D. Foy
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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5
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Cardoso CW, Souza MMDS, Teles ACVDS, Argibay HD, Reis OBD, Pereira FM, Giovanetti M, Magalhaes T, Ribeiro GS. COVID-19 outbreaks among crew members in non-cruise vessels anchoring in Salvador, Brazil, 2021. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e220114. [DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil; Colorado State University, USA
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6
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Morales I, Rosenberger KD, Magalhaes T, Morais CNL, Braga C, Marques ETA, Calvet GA, Damasceno L, Brasil P, Bispo de Filippis AM, Tami A, Bethencourt S, Alvarez M, Martínez PA, Guzman MG, Souza Benevides B, Caprara A, Quyen NTH, Simmons CP, Wills B, de Lamballerie X, Drexler JF, Jaenisch T. Diagnostic performance of anti-Zika virus IgM, IgAM and IgG ELISAs during co-circulation of Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses in Brazil and Venezuela. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009336. [PMID: 33872309 PMCID: PMC8084345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serological diagnosis of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is challenging because of the antibody cross-reactivity among flaviviruses. At the same time, the role of Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT) is limited by the low proportion of symptomatic infections and the low average viral load. Here, we compared the diagnostic performance of commercially available IgM, IgAM, and IgG ELISAs in sequential samples during the ZIKV and chikungunya (CHIKV) epidemics and co-circulation of dengue virus (DENV) in Brazil and Venezuela. Methodology/Principal findings Acute (day of illness 1–5) and follow-up (day of illness ≥ 6) blood samples were collected from nine hundred and seven symptomatic patients enrolled in a prospective multicenter study between June 2012 and August 2016. Acute samples were tested by RT-PCR for ZIKV, DENV, and CHIKV. Acute and follow-up samples were tested for IgM, IgAM, and IgG antibodies to ZIKV using commercially available ELISAs. Among follow-up samples with a RT-PCR confirmed ZIKV infection, anti-ZIKV IgAM sensitivity was 93.5% (43/46), while IgM and IgG exhibited sensitivities of 30.3% (10/33) and 72% (18/25), respectively. An additional 24% (26/109) of ZIKV infections were detected via IgAM seroconversion in ZIKV/DENV/CHIKV RT-PCR negative patients. The specificity of anti-ZIKV IgM was estimated at 93% and that of IgAM at 85%. Conclusions/Significance Our findings exemplify the challenges of the assessment of test performance for ZIKV serological tests in the real-world setting, during co-circulation of DENV, ZIKV, and CHIKV. However, we can also demonstrate that the IgAM immunoassay exhibits superior sensitivity to detect ZIKV RT-PCR confirmed infections compared to IgG and IgM immunoassays. The IgAM assay also proves to be promising for detection of anti-ZIKV seroconversions in sequential samples, both in ZIKV PCR-positive as well as PCR-negative patients, making this a candidate assay for serological monitoring of pregnant women in future ZIKV outbreaks. Zika virus (ZIKV) is transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitos but can also be transmitted sexually or vertically from mother-to-child. The same mosquitoes transmit dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), which cause similar clinical syndromes. The ZIKV epidemics in the Pacific and the Americas that occurred between 2015 and 2017 were linked to congenital abnormalities, most prominently microcephaly, in newborns. Because most infections are asymptomatic, diagnosis via indirect serological assays is an important strategy. On the other hand, many serological assays are affected by cross-reactivity resulting from prior infections by closely related viruses, such as DENV. This study evaluated three commercially available and widely used immunoassays that detect IgG, IgM or IgA and M (IgAM) antibodies to ZIKV. Our results suggest that the IgAM test performs best by detecting around 90% of RT-PCR confirmed infections. We also detected additional infections that were not detected by RT-PCR. The strength of this study is that it was carried out in two different countries of the American region where several arboviruses are endemic and that sequential blood samples from individual patients were available to evaluate the performance of the tests over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Morales
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department for Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), associated partner Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin D. Rosenberger
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department for Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), associated partner Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Center for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (CVID), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Clarice N. L. Morais
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Braga
- Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
- Institute of Integral Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira (Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira-IMIP), Recife, Brazil
| | - Ernesto T. A. Marques
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Guilherme Amaral Calvet
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luana Damasceno
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Tami
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo,
Valencia, Venezuela
| | - Sarah Bethencourt
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo,
Valencia, Venezuela
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nguyen Than Ha Quyen
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Cameron P. Simmons
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Institute for Vector-Borne Disease, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bridget Wills
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE Aix Marseille Université, IRD 190, Inserm 1207-IHUMéditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Jan Felix Drexler
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Sechenov University, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Moscow, Russia
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), associated partner Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department for Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), associated partner Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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7
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Magalhaes T, Morais CNL, Jacques IJAA, Azevedo EAN, Brito AM, Lima PV, Carvalho GMM, Lima ARS, Castanha PMS, Cordeiro MT, Oliveira ALS, Jaenisch T, Lamb MM, Marques ETA, Foy BD. Erratum to: Follow-Up Household Serosurvey in Northeast Brazil for Zika Virus: Sexual Contacts of Index Patients Have the Highest Risk for Seropositivity. J Infect Dis 2020; 223:736. [PMID: 33332568 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Clarice N L Morais
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Iracema J A A Jacques
- Department of Collective Health, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Elisa A N Azevedo
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana M Brito
- Department of Collective Health, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Priscilla V Lima
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Gabriella M M Carvalho
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Andreza R S Lima
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Priscila M S Castanha
- Infectious Disease and Microbiology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Faculty of Medical Science, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Marli T Cordeiro
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Andre L S Oliveira
- Statistics and Geoprocessing Laboratory, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Center for Global Health, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Molly M Lamb
- Center for Global Health, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Infectious Disease and Microbiology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian D Foy
- Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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8
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Magalhaes T, Morais CNL, Jacques IJAA, Azevedo EAN, Brito AM, Lima PV, Carvalho GMM, Lima ARS, Castanha PMS, Cordeiro MT, Oliveira ALS, Jaenisch T, Lamb MM, Marques ETA, Foy BD. Follow-Up Household Serosurvey in Northeast Brazil for Zika Virus: Sexual Contacts of Index Patients Have the Highest Risk for Seropositivity. J Infect Dis 2020; 223:673-685. [PMID: 32888023 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that is also transmitted sexually; however, the epidemiological relevance of ZIKV sexual transmission in endemic regions is unclear. METHODS We performed a household-based serosurvey in Northeast Brazil to evaluate the differential exposure to ZIKV and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) among households. Individuals who participated in our previous arboviral disease cohort (indexes) were recontacted and enrolled, and their household members were newly enrolled. RESULTS The relative risk of sexual partners being ZIKV-seropositive when living with a ZIKV-seropositive index participant was significantly higher, whereas this was not observed among nonsexual partners of the index. For CHIKV, both sexual and nonsexual partner household members living with a CHIKV-seropositive index had a significantly higher risk of being seropositive. In the nonindex-based dyadic and generalized linear mixed model analyses, the odds of sexual dyads having a concordant ZIKV plaque reduction neutralization test result was significantly higher. We have also analyzed retrospective clinical data according to the participants' exposure to ZIKV and CHIKV. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that ZIKV sexual transmission may be a key factor for the high ZIKV seroprevalence among households in endemic areas and raises important questions about differential disease from the 2 modes of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Clarice N L Morais
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Iracema J A A Jacques
- Department of Collective Health, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Elisa A N Azevedo
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana M Brito
- Department of Collective Health, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Priscilla V Lima
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Gabriella M M Carvalho
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Andreza R S Lima
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Priscila M S Castanha
- Infectious Disease and Microbiology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Faculty of Medical Science, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Marli T Cordeiro
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Andre L S Oliveira
- Statistics and Geoprocessing Laboratory, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Center for Global Health, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Molly M Lamb
- Center for Global Health, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Infectious Disease and Microbiology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian D Foy
- Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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9
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Blitvich BJ, Magalhaes T, Laredo-Tiscareño SV, Foy BD. Sexual Transmission of Arboviruses: A Systematic Review. Viruses 2020; 12:v12090933. [PMID: 32854298 PMCID: PMC7552039 DOI: 10.3390/v12090933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are primarily maintained in nature in transmission cycles between hematophagous arthropods and vertebrate hosts, but an increasing number of arboviruses have been isolated from or indirectly detected in the urogenital tract and sexual secretions of their vertebrate hosts, indicating that further investigation on the possibility of sexual transmission of these viruses is warranted. The most widely recognized sexually-transmitted arbovirus is Zika virus but other arboviruses, including Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus and dengue virus, might also be transmitted, albeit occasionally, by this route. This review summarizes our current understanding on the ability of arboviruses to be sexually transmitted. We discuss the sexual transmission of arboviruses between humans and between vertebrate animals, but not arthropod vectors. Every taxonomic group known to contain arboviruses (Asfarviridae, Bunyavirales, Flaviviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Reoviridae, Rhabdoviridae and Togaviridae) is covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J. Blitvich
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-515-294-9861; Fax: +1-515-294-8500
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Arthropod-Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.M.); (B.D.F.)
| | - S. Viridiana Laredo-Tiscareño
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Brian D. Foy
- Arthropod-Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.M.); (B.D.F.)
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10
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Armstrong PM, Ehrlich HY, Magalhaes T, Miller MR, Conway PJ, Bransfield A, Misencik MJ, Gloria-Soria A, Warren JL, Andreadis TG, Shepard JJ, Foy BD, Pitzer VE, Brackney DE. Successive blood meals enhance virus dissemination within mosquitoes and increase transmission potential. Nat Microbiol 2019; 5:239-247. [PMID: 31819213 PMCID: PMC7199921 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemics highlight the explosive nature of arthropod-borne (arbo)viruses transmitted by Aedes spp. mosquitoes1,2. Vector competence and the extrinsic incubation period (EIP) are two key entomological parameters used to assess the public health risk posed by arboviruses3. These are typically measured empirically by offering mosquitoes an infectious bloodmeal and temporally sampling mosquitoes to determine infection and transmission status. This approach has been used for the better part of a century; however, it does not accurately capture the biology and behavior of many mosquito vectors which refeed frequently (every 2–3 days)4. Here we demonstrate that acquisition of a second non-infectious bloodmeal significantly shortens the EIP of ZIKV-infected Ae. aegypti by enhancing virus dissemination from the mosquito midgut. Similarly, a second bloodmeal increases the competence of this species for dengue virus and CHIKV as well as Ae. albopictus for ZIKV, suggesting that this phenomenon may be common among other virus-vector pairings and that Ae. albopictus might be a more important vector than once thought. Bloodmeal-induced microperforations in the virus-impenetrable basal lamina which surrounds the midgut provide a mechanism for enhanced virus escape. Modeling of these findings reveals that a shortened EIP would result in a significant increase in the basic reproductive number, R0, estimated from experimental data. This helps explain how Ae. aegypti can sustain explosive epidemics like ZIKV despite relatively poor vector competence in single-feed laboratory trials. Together, these data demonstrate a direct and unrecognized link between mosquito feeding behavior, EIP, and vector competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Armstrong
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Hanna Y Ehrlich
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Megan R Miller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Patrick J Conway
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT, USA
| | - Angela Bransfield
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael J Misencik
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrea Gloria-Soria
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joshua L Warren
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Theodore G Andreadis
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John J Shepard
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brian D Foy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Virginia E Pitzer
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Doug E Brackney
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Department of Environmental Sciences, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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11
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Magalhaes T, Bergren NA, Bennett SL, Borland EM, Hartman DA, Lymperopoulos K, Sayre R, Borlee BR, Campbell CL, Foy BD, Olson KE, Blair CD, Black W, Kading RC. Induction of RNA interference to block Zika virus replication and transmission in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 111:103169. [PMID: 31103782 PMCID: PMC7012353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, serves as the primary vector for epidemic transmission of yellow fever, dengue, Zika (ZIKV), and chikungunya viruses to humans. Control of Ae. aegypti is currently limited to insecticide applications and larval habitat management; however, to combat growing challenges with insecticide resistance, novel genetic approaches for vector population reduction or transmission interruption are being aggressively pursued. The objectives of this study were to assess the ability of the Ae. aegypti antiviral exogenous-small interfering RNA (exo-siRNA) response to inhibit ZIKV infection and transmission, and to identify the optimal RNA interference (RNAi) target region in the ZIKV genome. We accomplished these objectives by in vitro transcription of five long double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) from the genome region spanning the NS2B-NS3-NS4A genes, which were the most highly conserved among ZIKV RNA sequences representing both East and West African and Asian-American clades, and evaluation of the ability of these dsRNAs to trigger an effective antiviral exo-siRNA response after intrathoracic injection into Ae. aegypti. In a pilot study, five ZIKV dsRNAs were tested by intrathoracic inoculation of 250 ng dsRNA into groups of approximately 5-day-old mosquitoes. Three days post-inoculation, mosquitoes were provided an infectious blood-meal containing ZIKV strain PRVABC59 (Puerto Rico), MR766 (Uganda), or 41525 (Senegal). On days 7 and 14 post-infection individual whole mosquito bodies were assessed for ZIKV infectious titer by plaque assays. Based on the results of this initial assessment, three dsRNAs were selected for further evaluation of viral loads of matched body and saliva expectorants using a standardized infectious dose of 1 × 107 PFU/mL of each ZIKV strain. Fourteen days post-exposure to ZIKV, paired saliva and carcass samples were harvested from individual mosquitoes and assessed for ZIKV RNA load by qRT-PCR. Injection of each of the three dsRNAs resulted in significant inhibition of replication of all three strains of ZIKV in mosquito bodies and saliva. This study lays critical groundwork for pursuing ZIKV transmission-blocking strategies that exploit the Ae. aegypti exo-siRNA response for arbovirus suppression in natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Nicholas A Bergren
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Susan L Bennett
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Erin M Borland
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Daniel A Hartman
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | | | - Richard Sayre
- Pebble Labs USA Inc., Little Fly Division, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA.
| | - Bradley R Borlee
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Corey L Campbell
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Brian D Foy
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Kenneth E Olson
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Carol D Blair
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - William Black
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Rebekah C Kading
- Colorado State, University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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12
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Foy BD, Alout H, Seaman JA, Rao S, Magalhaes T, Wade M, Parikh S, Soma DD, Sagna AB, Fournet F, Slater HC, Bougma R, Drabo F, Diabaté A, Coulidiaty AGV, Rouamba N, Dabiré RK. Efficacy and risk of harms of repeat ivermectin mass drug administrations for control of malaria (RIMDAMAL): a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet 2019; 393:1517-1526. [PMID: 30878222 PMCID: PMC6459982 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32321-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ivermectin is widely used in mass drug administrations for controlling neglected parasitic diseases, and can be lethal to malaria vectors that bite treated humans. Therefore, it could be a new tool to reduce plasmodium transmission. We tested the hypothesis that frequently repeated mass administrations of ivermectin to village residents would reduce clinical malaria episodes in children and would be well tolerated with minimal harms. METHODS We invited villages (clusters) in Burkina Faso to participate in a single-blind (outcomes assessor), parallel-assignment, two-arm, cluster-randomised trial over the 2015 rainy season. Villages were assigned (1:1) by random draw to either the intervention group or the control group. In both groups, all eligible participants who consented to the treatment and were at least 90 cm in height received single oral doses of ivermectin (150-200 μg/kg) and albendazole (400 mg), and those in the intervention group received five further doses of ivermectin alone at 3-week intervals thereafter over the 18-week treatment phase. The primary outcome was cumulative incidence of uncomplicated malaria episodes over 18 weeks (analysed on a cluster intention-to-treat basis) in an active case detection cohort of children aged 5 years or younger living in the study villages. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02509481. FINDINGS Eight villages agreed to participate, and four were randomly assigned to each group. 2712 participants (1333 [49%] males and 1379 [51%] females; median age 15 years [IQR 6-34]), including 590 children aged 5 years or younger, provided consent and were enrolled between May 22 and July 20, 2015 (except for 77 participants enrolled after these dates because of unavailability before the first mass drug administration, travel into the village during the trial, or birth), with 1447 enrolled into the intervention group and 1265 into the control group. 330 (23%) participants in the intervention group and 233 (18%) in the control group met the exclusion criteria for mass drug administration. Most children in the active case detection cohort were not treated because of height restrictions. 14 (4%) children in the intervention group and 10 (4%) in the control group were lost to follow-up. Cumulative malaria incidence was reduced in the intervention group (648 episodes among 327 children; estimated mean 2·00 episodes per child) compared with the control group (647 episodes among 263 children; 2·49 episodes per child; risk difference -0·49 [95% CI -0·79 to -0·21], p=0·0009, adjusted for sex and clustering). The risk of adverse events among all participants did not differ between groups (45 events [3%] among 1447 participants in the intervention group vs 24 events [2%] among 1265 in the control group; risk ratio 1·63 [1·01 to 2·67]; risk difference 1·21 [0·04 to 2·38], p=0·060), and no adverse reactions were reported. INTERPRETATION Frequently repeated mass administrations of ivermectin during the malaria transmission season can reduce malaria episodes among children without significantly increasing harms in the populace. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Foy
- Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Haoues Alout
- Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jonathan A Seaman
- Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Martina Wade
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sunil Parikh
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dieudonné D Soma
- Institute of Research in Health Sciences, Western Regional Direction, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; International Mixed Laboratory on Vector Diseases, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - André B Sagna
- International Mixed Laboratory on Vector Diseases, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Research Institute for Development, Infectious Diseases, and Vectors: Ecology, Genetics, Evolution and Control, National Centre for Scientific Research, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Fournet
- International Mixed Laboratory on Vector Diseases, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Research Institute for Development, Infectious Diseases, and Vectors: Ecology, Genetics, Evolution and Control, National Centre for Scientific Research, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hannah C Slater
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Roland Bougma
- National Program for the Fight against Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - François Drabo
- National Program for the Fight against Neglected Tropical Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoulaye Diabaté
- Institute of Research in Health Sciences, Western Regional Direction, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; International Mixed Laboratory on Vector Diseases, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Nöel Rouamba
- Institute of Research in Health Sciences, Western Regional Direction, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Roch K Dabiré
- Institute of Research in Health Sciences, Western Regional Direction, National Center for Scientific and Technological Research, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; International Mixed Laboratory on Vector Diseases, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
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13
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Magalhaes T, Cruzeiro GAV, Borges KS, Rodrigues da Silva K, Ribeiro de Souza G, Queiroz RGDP, Scridelli CA, Tone LG. PO-442 In vitro assessment of sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway inhibitior, LDE225, in paediatric ependymoma rela subgroup shows antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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14
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Bosch I, de Puig H, Hiley M, Carré-Camps M, Perdomo-Celis F, Narváez CF, Salgado DM, Senthoor D, O'Grady M, Phillips E, Durbin A, Fandos D, Miyazaki H, Yen CW, Gélvez-Ramírez M, Warke RV, Ribeiro LS, Teixeira MM, Almeida RP, Muñóz-Medina JE, Ludert JE, Nogueira ML, Colombo TE, Terzian ACB, Bozza PT, Calheiros AS, Vieira YR, Barbosa-Lima G, Vizzoni A, Cerbino-Neto J, Bozza FA, Souza TML, Trugilho MRO, de Filippis AMB, de Sequeira PC, Marques ETA, Magalhaes T, Díaz FJ, Restrepo BN, Marín K, Mattar S, Olson D, Asturias EJ, Lucera M, Singla M, Medigeshi GR, de Bosch N, Tam J, Gómez-Márquez J, Clavet C, Villar L, Hamad-Schifferli K, Gehrke L. Rapid antigen tests for dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient serum. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/409/eaan1589. [PMID: 28954927 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak demonstrates that cost-effective clinical diagnostics are urgently needed to detect and distinguish viral infections to improve patient care. Unlike dengue virus (DENV), ZIKV infections during pregnancy correlate with severe birth defects, including microcephaly and neurological disorders. Because ZIKV and DENV are related flaviviruses, their homologous proteins and nucleic acids can cause cross-reactions and false-positive results in molecular, antigenic, and serologic diagnostics. We report the characterization of monoclonal antibody pairs that have been translated into rapid immunochromatography tests to specifically detect the viral nonstructural 1 (NS1) protein antigen and distinguish the four DENV serotypes (DENV1-4) and ZIKV without cross-reaction. To complement visual test analysis and remove user subjectivity in reading test results, we used image processing and data analysis for data capture and test result quantification. Using a 30-μl serum sample, the sensitivity and specificity values of the DENV1-4 tests and the pan-DENV test, which detects all four dengue serotypes, ranged from 0.76 to 1.00. Sensitivity/specificity for the ZIKV rapid test was 0.81/0.86, respectively, using a 150-μl serum input. Serum ZIKV NS1 protein concentrations were about 10-fold lower than corresponding DENV NS1 concentrations in infected patients; moreover, ZIKV NS1 protein was not detected in polymerase chain reaction-positive patient urine samples. Our rapid immunochromatography approach and reagents have immediate application in differential clinical diagnosis of acute ZIKV and DENV cases, and the platform can be applied toward developing rapid antigen diagnostics for emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bosch
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Helena de Puig
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Megan Hiley
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Marc Carré-Camps
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carlos F Narváez
- Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Surcolombiana, Neiva, Colombia
| | - Doris M Salgado
- Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Surcolombiana, Neiva, Colombia
| | - Dewahar Senthoor
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Madeline O'Grady
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ann Durbin
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Program in Virology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diana Fandos
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hikaru Miyazaki
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Chun-Wan Yen
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Margarita Gélvez-Ramírez
- Universidad Industrial de Santander and AEDES Program (Alianza para el desarrollo de estrategias que disminuyan el impacto de enfermedades transmitidas por Aedes como resultado del estudio de sus endemias y epidemias), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | - Lucas S Ribeiro
- Immunopharmacology Group, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Immunopharmacology Group, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roque P Almeida
- Departamento de Medicina Interna e Patologia, Hospital Universitário/Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH), Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - José E Muñóz-Medina
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Jacarandas S/N, Esquina Circuito Interior, Colonia La Raza Del Azcapotzalco, Código Postal 02990 México D.F., México
| | - Juan E Ludert
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mauricio L Nogueira
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Tatiana E Colombo
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana C B Terzian
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Patricia T Bozza
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrea S Calheiros
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yasmine R Vieira
- National Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giselle Barbosa-Lima
- National Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Vizzoni
- National Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Cerbino-Neto
- National Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando A Bozza
- National Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,D'Or Institute of Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago M L Souza
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Monique R O Trugilho
- Toxinology Laboratory and Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Aggeu Magalhães Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Aggeu Magalhães Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Francisco J Díaz
- Immunovirology Group, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Berta N Restrepo
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical (ICMT), Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Katerine Marín
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical (ICMT), Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Salim Mattar
- Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Daniel Olson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Edwin J Asturias
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mark Lucera
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mohit Singla
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Justina Tam
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Winchester Engineering Analytical Center (WEAC), Winchester, MA 01890, USA
| | - Jose Gómez-Márquez
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Charles Clavet
- Winchester Engineering Analytical Center (WEAC), Winchester, MA 01890, USA
| | - Luis Villar
- Universidad Industrial de Santander and AEDES Program (Alianza para el desarrollo de estrategias que disminuyan el impacto de enfermedades transmitidas por Aedes como resultado del estudio de sus endemias y epidemias), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. .,Department of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Lee Gehrke
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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15
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Magalhaes T, Braga C, Cordeiro MT, Oliveira ALS, Castanha PMS, Maciel APR, Amancio NML, Gouveia PN, Peixoto-da-Silva VJ, Peixoto TFL, Britto H, Lima PV, Lima ARS, Rosenberger KD, Jaenisch T, Marques ETA. Zika virus displacement by a chikungunya outbreak in Recife, Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006055. [PMID: 29108009 PMCID: PMC5697888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several arboviruses, including dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, circulate in northeast Brazil. Diseases caused by these viruses are of great public health relevance, however, their epidemiological features in areas where the three viruses co-circulate are scarce. Here, we present analyses of molecular and serological diagnostics in a prospective study of acute febrile patients recruited from May 2015 to May 2016 in Recife, Brazil. METHODS Two hundred sixty-three acute febrile patients with symptoms suggestive of an arboviral disease who attended an urgent heath care clinic in the Recife Metropolitan Region in northeast Brazil were enrolled. Acute and convalescent blood samples were collected and tested using molecular and serological assays for infection with DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV. RESULTS Quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (qRTPCR) performed on acute phase sera detected no patients positive for DENV, but 26 (9.9%) positive for ZIKV and 132 (50.2%) positive for CHIKV. There were a few suspected and only one confirmed dengue case. Specific serological assays for ZIKV and CHIKV confirmed the qRTPCR data. Analyses of DENV IgM and IgG ELISAs in the context of qRTPCR results suggested high levels of cross reactive antibodies in ZIKV-positive samples. Results from neutralization assays highly corroborated those from qRTPCR and ZIKV ELISA, indicating very few positive DENV cases. ZIKV infections were temporally clustered in the first months of the study and started to decrease concomitantly with an increase in CHIKV infections in August 2015. The proportion of CHIKV infections increased significantly in September 2015 and remained high until the end of the study period, with an average of 84.7% of recruited patients being diagnosed from August 2015 to May 2016. ZIKV infections exhibited a female bias and the cases were spread over the study site, while CHIKV cases had a male bias and were spatially clustered in each month. CONCLUSIONS In 2015-2016 in the Recife Metropolitan Region, we detected the tail end of a Zika epidemic, which was displaced by a chikungunya epidemic. Few dengue cases were identified despite a high number of official dengue notifications in the area during this period. We show here important epidemiological features of these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute (Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ), Recife, Brazil.,Arthropod-borne and infectious Diseases Laboratory (AIDL), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, United States of America
| | - Cynthia Braga
- Department of Parasitology, IAM, FIOCRUZ, Recife, Brazil.,Institute of Integral Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira (Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira-IMIP), Recife, Brazil
| | - Marli T Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute (Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ), Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila M S Castanha
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute (Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ), Recife, Brazil.,Faculty of Medical Science, University of Pernambuco (Universidade de Pernambuco-UPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula R Maciel
- Urgent Health Care Unit (Unidade de Pronto Atendimento-UPA) of Paulista, IMIP, Paulista, Brazil
| | - Nathalia M L Amancio
- Urgent Health Care Unit (Unidade de Pronto Atendimento-UPA) of Paulista, IMIP, Paulista, Brazil
| | - Pollyanne N Gouveia
- Urgent Health Care Unit (Unidade de Pronto Atendimento-UPA) of Paulista, IMIP, Paulista, Brazil
| | | | - Thaciana F L Peixoto
- Urgent Health Care Unit (Unidade de Pronto Atendimento-UPA) of Paulista, IMIP, Paulista, Brazil
| | - Helena Britto
- Institute of Integral Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira (Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira-IMIP), Recife, Brazil
| | - Priscilla V Lima
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute (Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ), Recife, Brazil
| | - Andreza R S Lima
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute (Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ), Recife, Brazil
| | - Kerstin D Rosenberger
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Aggeu Magalhaes Institute (Instituto Aggeu Magalhães-IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ), Recife, Brazil.,Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
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16
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Magalhaes T, Foy BD, Marques ETA, Ebel GD, Weger-Lucarelli J. Mosquito-borne and sexual transmission of Zika virus: Recent developments and future directions. Virus Res 2017; 254:1-9. [PMID: 28705681 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV; Genus Flavivirus, Family Flaviviridae) has recently emerged in Asia and the Americas to cause large outbreaks of human disease. The outbreak has been characterized by high attack rates, birth defects in infants and severe neurological complications in adults. ZIKV is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes, but recent evidence implicates sexual transmission as playing an important role as well. This review highlights the transmission of ZIKV in humans, with a focus on both mosquito and sexually-transmitted routes and their outcomes. We also discuss critical directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Brian D Foy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
| | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhaes, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brazil; Center for Vaccine Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gregory D Ebel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - James Weger-Lucarelli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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17
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Chotiwan N, Brewster CD, Magalhaes T, Weger-Lucarelli J, Duggal NK, Rückert C, Nguyen C, Garcia Luna SM, Fauver JR, Andre B, Gray M, Black WC, Kading RC, Ebel GD, Kuan G, Balmaseda A, Jaenisch T, Marques ETA, Brault AC, Harris E, Foy BD, Quackenbush SL, Perera R, Rovnak J. Rapid and specific detection of Asian- and African-lineage Zika viruses. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:eaag0538. [PMID: 28469032 PMCID: PMC5654541 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aag0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of Zika virus transmission and formulating rational strategies for its control require precise diagnostic tools that are also appropriate for resource-poor environments. We have developed a rapid and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay that distinguishes Zika viruses of Asian and African lineages. The assay does not detect chikungunya virus or flaviviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, or West Nile viruses. The assay conditions allowed direct detection of Zika virus RNA in cultured infected cells; in mosquitoes; in virus-spiked samples of human blood, plasma, saliva, urine, and semen; and in infected patient serum, plasma, and semen samples without the need for RNA isolation or reverse transcription. The assay offers rapid, specific, sensitive, and inexpensive detection of the Asian-lineage Zika virus strain that is currently circulating in the Western hemisphere, and can also detect the African-lineage Zika virus strain using separate, specific primers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunya Chotiwan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Connie D Brewster
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhaes, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - James Weger-Lucarelli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Nisha K Duggal
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Claudia Rückert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Chilinh Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Selene M Garcia Luna
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Joseph R Fauver
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Barb Andre
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Meg Gray
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - William C Black
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Rebekah C Kading
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Gregory D Ebel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Guillermina Kuan
- Centro de Salud Sócrates Flores Vivas, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department for Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhaes, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Recife-PE, Brazil
- Center for Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Aaron C Brault
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA
| | - Brian D Foy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Sandra L Quackenbush
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Rushika Perera
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Arthropod-borne Infectious Disease Laboratories, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Joel Rovnak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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18
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Jaenisch T, Tam DTH, Kieu NTT, Van Ngoc T, Nam NT, Van Kinh N, Yacoub S, Chanpheaktra N, Kumar V, See LLC, Sathar J, Sandoval EP, Alfaro GMM, Laksono IS, Mahendradhata Y, Sarker M, Ahmed F, Caprara A, Benevides BS, Marques ETA, Magalhaes T, Brasil P, Netto M, Tami A, Bethencourt SE, Guzman M, Simmons C, Quyen NTH, Merson L, Dung NTP, Beck D, Wirths M, Wolbers M, Lam PK, Rosenberger K, Wills B. Clinical evaluation of dengue and identification of risk factors for severe disease: protocol for a multicentre study in 8 countries. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:120. [PMID: 26968374 PMCID: PMC4788847 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of dengue continues to increase globally, with an estimated 100 million clinically apparent infections occurring each year. Although most dengue infections are asymptomatic, patients can present with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms ranging from mild febrile illness through to severe manifestations of bleeding, organ impairment, and hypovolaemic shock due to a systemic vascular leak syndrome. Clinical diagnosis of dengue and identification of which patients are likely to develop severe disease remain challenging. This study aims to improve diagnosis and clinical management through approaches designed a) to differentiate between dengue and other common febrile illness within 72 h of fever onset, and b) among patients with dengue to identify markers that are predictive of the likelihood of evolving to a more severe disease course. METHOD/DESIGN This is a prospective multi-centre observational study aiming to enrol 7-8000 participants aged ≥ 5 years presenting with a febrile illness consistent with dengue to outpatient health facilities in 8 countries across Asia and Latin America. Patients presenting within 72 h of fever onset who do not exhibit signs of severe disease are eligible for the study. A broad range of clinical and laboratory parameters are assessed daily for up to 6 days during the acute illness, and also at a follow up visit 1 week later. DISCUSSION Data from this large cohort of patients, enrolled early with undifferentiated fever, will be used to develop a practical diagnostic algorithm and a robust clinical case definition for dengue. Additionally, among patients with confirmed dengue we aim to identify simple clinical and laboratory parameters associated with progression to a more severe disease course. We will also investigate early virological and serological correlates of severe disease, and examine genetic associations in this large heterogeneous cohort. In addition the results will be used to assess the new World Health Organization classification scheme for dengue in practice, and to update the guidelines for "Integrated Management of Childhood Illness" used in dengue-endemic countries. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01550016. Registration Date: March 7, 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jaenisch
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dong Thi Hoai Tam
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tan Thanh Kieu
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Van Ngoc
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Sophie Yacoub
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | | | - Varun Kumar
- Angkor Hospital for Children, Siem Reap, Cambodia.,Present address: Rwanda Military Hospital and the University of Rwanda in Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | | | | | - Gabriela Maria Marón Alfaro
- Hospital Nacional de Niños Benjamin Bloom, San Salvador, El Salvador.,Present address: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Malabika Sarker
- James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoz Ahmed
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhaes, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Tereza Magalhaes
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhaes, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Netto
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Resende, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Tami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela
| | - Sarah E Bethencourt
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela
| | | | - Cameron Simmons
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nguyen Thanh Ha Quyen
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Laura Merson
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Nguyen Thi Phuong Dung
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dorothea Beck
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marius Wirths
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Wolbers
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Phung Khanh Lam
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kerstin Rosenberger
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bridget Wills
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 764 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. .,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
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19
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Magalhaes T. What is the association of heme aggregates with the peritrophic matrix of adult female mosquitoes? Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:362. [PMID: 25123232 PMCID: PMC4138372 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this Letter is to call attention to the presence of iron-containing or heme aggregates seen within or near the peritrophic matrix (PM) in published Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti midgut micrographs. The micrographs shown here suggest that the PM of An. gambiae adult female is not a homogenous layer and instead may have a peritrophin layer surrounded by heme aggregates that are possibly associated to other molecules involved in their formation. In depth studies addressing PM structure in different mosquito species are needed, as these will be important to continue clarifying the roles of the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Department of Virology and Experimental Therapeutics, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av, Moraes Rego s/n - Cidade Universitária, CEP 50740-465 Recife, PE, Brazil.
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20
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Guedes DRD, Cordeiro MT, Melo-Santos MAV, Magalhaes T, Marques E, Regis L, Furtado AF, Ayres CFJ. Patient-based dengue virus surveillance in Aedes aegypti from Recife, Brazil. J Vector Borne Dis 2010; 47:67-75. [PMID: 20539043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Dengue is currently one of the most important arthropod-borne diseases and may be caused by four different dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4), transmitted mainly by Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes. With the lack of a dengue vaccine, vector control strategies constitute a crucial mode to prevent or reduce disease transmission. In this context, DENV detection in natural Ae. aegypti populations may serve as a potential additional tool for early prediction systems of dengue outbreaks, leading to an intensification of vector control measures, aimed at reducing disease transmission. In Brazil, this type of surveillance has been performed sporadically by a few groups and has not been incorporated as a routine activity in control programs. This study aimed at detecting DENV in natural Ae. aegypti from Recife, Pernambuco, to check the circulating serotypes and the occurrence of transovarial transmission in local mosquito populations. METHODS From January 2005 to June 2006, mosquitoes (adults and eggs) were collected in houses where people with clinical suspicion of dengue infection lived at. RNA was extracted from pooled mosquitoes and RT-PCR was performed in these samples for detection of the four DENV serotypes. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Out of 83 pools of adult mosquitoes collected in the field, nine were positive for DENV: five for DENV-1, two for DENV-2 and two for DENV-3. From 139 pools of adult mosquitoes reared from collected eggs, there were 17 positive pools: three for DENV-1, 10 for DENV-2, and four for DENV-3. These results are discussed in the paper in regard to the local dengue epidemiological data. The conclusions clearly point to the informative power and sensitivity of DENV entomological surveillance and to the importance of including mosquito immature forms in this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R D Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (CPqAM/FIOCRUZ), Av. Professor Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife PE, Brazil
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21
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Melo-Santos M, Varjal-Melo J, Araújo A, Gomes T, Paiva M, Regis L, Furtado A, Magalhaes T, Macoris M, Andrighetti M, Ayres C. Resistance to the organophosphate temephos: mechanisms, evolution and reversion in an Aedes aegypti laboratory strain from Brazil. Acta Trop 2010; 113:180-9. [PMID: 19879849 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Insecticide resistance is one of the main problems in vector control programs. Because insects have developed resistance to all classes of available chemical insecticides, a proper surveillance and management of resistance in areas where these compounds are being utilized is crucial for the success of control programs. Since the mechanisms and molecular bases of resistance are various, they must be characterized to allow efficient monitoring strategies. Here we report the establishment of an Aedes aegypti strain resistant to temephos, named RecR, selected under laboratory conditions. The parental A. aegypti population was obtained from eggs collected in an area where temephos had been used for 8 years, and presented a baseline resistance ratio (RR) of 7. After 17 generations under selective pressure, the RR has increased to 180. Biochemical assays indicate that metabolic mechanisms are involved on temephos resistance in the selected strain. These experiments showed that, compared to the susceptible colony Rockefeller, RecR present higher activity of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), alpha- and beta-esterases, and, to a lesser degree, mixed function oxidases (MFO). At the 14th or 17th generations, there was no cross resistance of these insects to deltamethrin, cypermethrin and malathion, while a low resistance level (RR=3) was observed for pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analogue. Experiments on resistance reversal, performed through three different field simulated schemes using the resistant strain, showed that temephos susceptibility can be recovered. The establishment of an A. aegypti colony resistant to temephos is extremely valuable for a deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms and thus for further improvements in control strategies against this vector. With the urgent need on improving methodologies to monitor resistance, molecular studies such as microarrays, and resistant colonies such as RecR will certainly hasten such studies.
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22
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Pontes H, Guedes de Pinho P, Casal S, Carmo H, Santos A, Magalhaes T, Remiao F, Carvalho F, Bastos ML. GC Determination of Acetone, Acetaldehyde, Ethanol, and Methanol in Biological Matrices and Cell Culture. J Chromatogr Sci 2009; 47:272-8. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/47.4.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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23
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Magalhaes T, Oliveira IF, Melo-Santos MAV, Oliveira CMF, Lima CA, Ayres CFJ. Expression of defensin, cecropin, and transferrin in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) infected with Wuchereria bancrofti (Spirurida: Onchocercidae), and the abnormal development of nematodes in the mosquito. Exp Parasitol 2008; 120:364-71. [PMID: 18809401 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Revised: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The temporal expression of defensin, cecropin and transferrin was assessed in Aedes aegypti naturally refractory to Wuchereria bancrofti upon infection with this worm, in parallel to analysis of filarial development in the insect. Compared to controls, transcription of defensin and cecropin was higher in infected mosquitoes as soon as 2h post infection and peaked before 48h. Transferrin transcription was higher in infected mosquitoes at 24h, and at 48h was almost leveled to controls. At 72h and 7 days post infection, levels of all transcripts in infected insects decreased gradually and were similar to controls in most cases. Worm development in A. aegypti was visually abnormal from the beginning of infection. Here, we report, for the first time, the up-regulation of endogenous immune molecules in A. aegypti infected with W. bancrofti and provide a description of the worm development inside the insect. The specificities of A. aegypti-W. bancrofti model compared to other mosquito-filaria systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Magalhaes
- Department of Entomology, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães/FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil
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24
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Magalhaes T, Brackney DE, Beier JC, Foy BD. Silencing an Anopheles gambiae catalase and sulfhydryl oxidase increases mosquito mortality after a blood meal. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2008; 68:134-43. [PMID: 18454489 PMCID: PMC2673501 DOI: 10.1002/arch.20238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Catalase is a potent antioxidant, likely involved in post-blood meal homeostasis in mosquitoes. This enzyme breaks down H2O2, preventing the formation of the hydroxyl radical (HO*). Quiescins are newly classified sulfhydryl oxidases that bear a thioredoxin motif at the N-terminal and an ERV1-like portion at the C-terminal. These proteins have a major role in generating disulfides in intra- or extracellular environments, and thus participate in redox reactions. In the search for molecules to serve as targets for novel anti-mosquito strategies, we have silenced a catalase and a putative quiescin/sulfhydryl oxidase (QSOX), from the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, through RNA interference (RNAi) experiments. We observed that the survival of catalase- and QSOX-silenced insects was reduced over controls following blood digestion, most likely due to the compromised ability of mosquitoes to scavenge and/or prevent damage caused by blood meal-derived oxidative stress. The higher mortality effect was more accentuated in catalase-silenced mosquitoes, where catalase activity was reduced to low levels. Lipid peroxidation was higher in QSOX-silenced mosquitoes suggesting the involvement of this protein in redox homeostasis following a blood meal. This study points to the potential of molecules involved in antioxidant response and redox metabolism to serve as targets of novel anti-mosquito strategies and offers a screening methodology for finding targetable mosquito molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Magalhaes
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
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25
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Williams-Blangero S, Magalhaes T, Rainwater E, Blangero J, Corrêa-Oliveira R, Vandeberg JL. Electrocardiographic characteristics in a population with high rates of seropositivity for Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2007; 77:495-9. [PMID: 17827366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted in Posse, a rural community in Goiàs, Brazil. Persons were recruited into the study through house-to-house sampling of all houses in the sampled area. Blood samples were collected for seropositivity assessments for Trypanosoma cruzi and an electrocardiogram was assessed using a portable system. The results demonstrate significant differences between seropositive and seronegative persons for electrocardiographic (ECG)-derived traits. Seropositive persons had substantially longer QRS and QT intervals than seronegative persons. The PR interval was significantly different between seropositive and seronegative persons. Conduction abnormalities were observed more frequently in seropositive than seronegative persons. Right bundle branch block, an ECG abnormality typical of Chagas disease, was observed in 15% of seropositive persons compared with less than 1% of seronegative persons. Results indicate that T. cruzi infection and subsequent Chagas disease will continue to be major health problems for the foreseeable future in this typical rural area of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Williams-Blangero
- Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
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26
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Williams-Blangero S, Corrêa-Oliveira R, Blangero J, Magalhaes T, Rainwater E, VandeBerg JL. Electrocardiographic Characteristics in a Population with High Rates of Seropositivity for Trypanosoma cruzi Infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2007. [DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2007.77.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Abstract
The notion of disability appears recently in the medical and medico-legal field. It is the origin of a fundamental discussion about the health, and an ethical debate about human person. Indeed it drives to identify among the health users a particular group: disabled persons for whom the methods used with success in the field of diseases are not convenient. For ethical point of view: it is the identity of the person in a situation of disability, its dignity, its self-esteem and the respect through the regard of others which are in question. The debate was amplified when the project of a classification of handicap, as consequences of diseases, (Wood, WHO) was published, in 1980. Two tendencies were in opposition: one of them is "medicinal", following the opinion of Wood, the second is "anthropological and social", supported by scientific and disabled associations. The first proposition of Wood, after a long discussion, is abandoned. It is replaced by a "Classification of functioning, disability and health", adopted by the Mondail assembly of WHO in May 2002. This device is a compromise between the precedent tendencies. This document is heavy, confusing, imprecise and very difficult to use. We suggest a definition with dimensions, separating clearly the body modifications, the universal functional capacities for a human person and the situations of life. The subjectivity is individualised as a special dimension of assessment.
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28
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Foy BD, Magalhaes T, Injera WE, Sutherland I, Devenport M, Thanawastien A, Ripley D, Cárdenas-Freytag L, Beier JC. Induction of mosquitocidal activity in mice immunized with Anopheles gambiae midgut cDNA. Infect Immun 2003; 71:2032-40. [PMID: 12654823 PMCID: PMC152092 DOI: 10.1128/iai.71.4.2032-2040.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines that induce mosquito-killing (mosquitocidal) activity could substantially reduce the transmission of certain mosquito-borne diseases, especially vaccines against African malaria vectors, such as the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. To generate and characterize antimosquito immunity we immunized groups of mice with two individual A. gambiae midgut cDNAs, Ag-Aper1 (a secreted peritrophic matrix protein) and AgMuc1 (a midgut-bound mucin), and an A. gambiae midgut cDNA library from blood-fed mosquitoes. We observed significantly increased mortality among mosquitoes that fed on either the AgMuc1- or the cDNA library-immunized mice compared to that of controls, but no differences were observed among those fed on Ag-Aper1-immunized mice. Analysis of the humoral and cellular immune responses from mice showed that the induced mosquitocidal effect was associated with immune profiles characterized by elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma interferon cytokine levels and very low antibody titers. Furthermore, an additional immunization of cDNA library-immunized mice with midgut protein shifted immunity toward a Th2-type immune response, characterized by elevated antibody titers and high interleukin-5 and interleukin-10 cytokine levels; importantly, mosquitoes feeding on these mice exhibited no undue mortality. Finally, when immune sera was ingested by mosquitoes through a membrane feeder, no effect on mosquito mortality was observed, indicating that serum factors alone were not responsible for the mosquitocidal effect. Our results demonstrate that mosquitocidal immunity in mice can be consistently generated by midgut cDNA immunization and suggest this cDNA-induced mosquitocidal immunity is cell mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Foy
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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29
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Hamonet C, Magalhaes T. [The notion of health]. Presse Med 2001; 30:587-90. [PMID: 11317918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a good deal of discussion and though on the notion of health. The most widely employed definitions can be termed "physiological", focusing on organs and normality. These definitions result from the development of medicine around the concept of disease, leading Boissier de Sauvages, author of a disease classification that continued to be used until the current classification proposed by the WHO, to state that "health, considered in its historical context, is the concourse of phenomena designating life and perfect structures". The current WHO classification goes beyond the notion of disease and introduces the very positive concept of theoretically total "well-being". In light of the evolution in the reasons why people call upon the health care system, we propose considering health as an equilibrium describing an individual's capacity to cope with the environment and taking into account the available health care resources. Thus, as proposed by René Dubos, health is a "relatively trouble-free state devoid of suffering". We integrate the notions of handicap that we have developed in a four-dimensional approach where subjectivity plays a very important role. Our proposal totally changes the notion of cure: one can be diabetic and cured, paraplegic and cured.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hamonet
- Service de Réadaptation médicale, CHU Henri Mondor, 51, avenue du Maréchal de Lattre-de-Tassigny, F 94010 Créteil.
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Magalhaes T, Hamonet C. Handicap assessment: setting the grounds for an effective intervention in the community. Med Law 2001; 20:153-166. [PMID: 11401235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Many instruments have been invented specially since the 70's to study and measure the consequences of illness and trauma; many of them simply evaluate the severity of lesions and the prediction of mortality, others evaluate morbidity. Nevertheless, none of these instruments evaluate the handicap globally. The classification of the World Health Organization, despite the fact that it contemplates the handicap in all its aspects, does not distinguish its different levels rigorously and it is not a valid instrument to quantify handicaps. The authors comment on their research and proposals for identification and quantification of the handicap. Three levels, related to "Body", "Capacities" and "Life situations", have been described and through them a useful inventory was created (published in 1998). This inventory makes it possible to establish a true medical-social and global evaluation of handicaps, providing a uniform record of the consequences of diseases, trauma or physiological features of the individual and a useful instrument for public health intervention and the promotion of human well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Magalhaes
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Oporto, Portugal
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Graca L, Nery S, Dias MB, Magalhaes T. Weak euro hits PhDs too. Nature 2000; 408:513. [PMID: 11117718 DOI: 10.1038/35046268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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da Costa JP, de Sousa MJ, Magalhaes T, Ribeiro C, Grams AC, Ramon J, Rangel R. Assessment of drug addiction. The experience of the Medico Legal Institute of Oporto. Med Law 2000; 19:309-319. [PMID: 10994216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Since 1993 in Portugal, it is possible, by legal enforcement, to request forensic examination to study possible conditions of drug addiction. On the basis of examinations carried out in the Medico Legal Institute of Oporto, we present a study of 494 cases involving the relation to the demographic data of the examined individuals, their family background, legal situation, age at which drug consumption began, consumption profile at the beginning and at time of forensic examination and our conclusions.
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Magalhaes T, Hamonet C, de Sousa MJ, Matos E, da Costa JP. Occupational handicap in victims of limb injuries. Med Law 1996; 15:135-141. [PMID: 8691995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The authors analysed 115 victims of limb injuries due to traffic accidents, to compare the medico-legal assessment by the rate of permanent disability (PD) with a tridimensional evaluation of the damage (lesion, function and situation), from a professional aspect. There was a high correlation between PD and lesional and functional sequelae. However, in professional situations only with those who were working full-time was there a high correlation with PD. PD gives only a lesional assessment. The authors propose a professional damage evaluation which considers the handicap of the individual in her/his ordinary work besides the lesion and function, as long as the assessment is personal and it is meant to reintegrate the victim completely in her/his professional life.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Magalhaes
- Instituto de Medicina Legal, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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