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Song YC, Hu ZH, Yan XN, Fang H, Tang Y, Jing H, Men K, Zhang N, Zhang J, Jin J, Zhong QZ, Ma J, Yang WF, Zhong YH, Dong LH, Wang XH, Wu HF, Du XH, Hou XR, Tie J, Lu YF, Zhao LN, Li YX, Wang SL. Quality assurance in a phase III, multicenter, randomized trial of POstmastectomy radioThErapy in Node posiTive breast cancer with or without Internal mAmmary nodaL irradiation (POTENTIAL): a planning benchmark case. Radiat Oncol 2023; 18:194. [PMID: 38031125 PMCID: PMC10685528 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the planning benchmark case results of the POTENTIAL trial-a multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial-to evaluate the value of internal mammary nodal (IMN) irradiation for patients with high-risk breast cancer. METHODS All participating institutions were provided the outlines of one benchmark case, and they generated radiation therapy plans per protocol. The plans were evaluated by a quality assurance team, after which the institutions resubmitted their revised plans. The information on beams arrangement, skin flash, inhomogeneity corrections, and protocol compliance was assessed in the first and final submission. RESULTS The plans from 26 institutions were analyzed. Some major deviations were found in the first submission. The protocol compliance rates of dose coverage for the planning target volume of chest wall, supraclavicular fossa plus axilla, and IMN region (PTVim) were all significantly improved in the final submission, which were 96.2% vs. 69.2%, 100% vs. 76.9%, and 88.4% vs. 53.8%, respectively. For OARs, the compliance rates of heart Dmean, left anterior descending coronary artery V40Gy, ipsilateral lung V5Gy, and stomach V5Gy were significantly improved. In the first and final submission, the mean values of PTVim V100% were 79.9% vs. 92.7%; the mean values of heart Dmean were 11.5 Gy vs. 9.7 Gy for hypofractionated radiation therapy and 11.5 Gy vs. 11.0 Gy for conventional fractionated radiation therapy, respectively. CONCLUSION The major deviations were corrected and protocol compliance was significantly improved after revision, which highlighted the importance of planning benchmark case to guarantee the planning quality for multicenter trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xue-Na Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Kuo Men
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital &Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiu-Zi Zhong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Fang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Ya-Hua Zhong
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Hua Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wang
- Department of Radiochemotherapy, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Hong-Fen Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Xiang-Hui Du
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jian Tie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Yu-Fei Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
| | - Li-Na Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Pan jia yuan nan li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Song YC, Wu YY, Sun QF, Hou CS, Shang B, Cui HX. [Study on formulation and revision of standard limits for radon in "Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)" in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1773-1776. [PMID: 38008564 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230328-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Public exposure to radon has attracted increasing public concern. The newly issued "Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)" has revised the radiological parameters of radon. This study analyzed and discussed the relevant technical contents about the derivation of radon limit, including the distribution level for indoor radon, exposure pathway, health effects, and the process for establishing the standard limits. Specific implementation and evaluation suggestions are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Y Y Wu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Q F Sun
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - C S Hou
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - B Shang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - H X Cui
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency/National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
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Song YC, Huang Z, Fang H, Tang Y, Jing H, Song YW, Jin J, Liu YP, Chen B, Tang Y, Qi SN, Lu NN, Li N, Li YX, Wang SL. Breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomy for treatment of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1178230. [PMID: 37496664 PMCID: PMC10368492 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1178230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To compare recurrence and survival outcomes between breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Methods The data of 730 patients who underwent NACT between 2000 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 104 (14.2%) patients received BCS and 626 (85.8%) received mastectomy. Locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastases (DM), disease-free survival (DFS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The impact of BCS versus mastectomy on outcomes was assessed by multivariate Cox models. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance covariates between the two groups. Results The median follow-up of BCS and mastectomy groups were 86.5 and 87.4 months, respectively. There were significant differences in distribution of most baseline characteristics between two groups. Compared with those who underwent mastectomy, the patients with BCS had similar 5-year LRR, DM, and DFS rates, but had significantly higher 5-year BCSS (98.9% vs. 90.4%, P = 0.005) and OS (98.9% vs. 90.1%, P = 0.003) rates. Multivariate analysis also showed that BCS significantly improved BCSS (HR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.08-0.85, P = 0.025) and OS (HR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.08-0.79, P = 0.018). After IPTW adjustment, the LRR, DM, DFS, BCSS and OS between two groups had no significant differences. Conclusions The recurrence and survival outcomes are comparable with BCS and mastectomy. Thus, BCS is a safe treatment option for selected breast cancer patients after NACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Wen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital &Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Nan Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Ning Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Song YC, Kong J, Li N, Liu XL, Li XH, Zhu LY, Wang YW, Fang H, Jing H, Tang Y, Li YX, Wang XH, Zhang J, Wang SL. Comparison of supraclavicular surgery plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in breast cancer patients with synchronous ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis: a multicenter retrospective study. Radiother Oncol 2023; 183:109639. [PMID: 36990395 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the outcomes of supraclavicular lymph node dissection plus radiotherapy (RT) and RT alone for patients with synchronous ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. METHODS In all, 293 patients with synchronous ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis across three centers were included. Of these, 85 (29.0%) received supraclavicular lymph node dissection plus RT (Surgery + RT) and 208 (71.0%) received RT alone. All patients received preoperative systemic therapy followed by mastectomy or lumpectomy and axillary dissection. Supraclavicular recurrence-free survival (SCRFS), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox models. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. RESULTS The median follow-up duration of the RT and Surgery + RT groups were 53.7 and 63.5 months, respectively. For the RT and Surgery + RT groups, the 5-year SCRFS rates were 91.7% vs. 85.5% (P=0.522), LRRFS rates were 79.1% vs. 73.1% (P=0.412), DMFS rates were 60.4 vs. 58.8% (P=0.708), DFS rates were 57.6% vs. 49.7% (P=0.291), and OS rates were 71.9% vs. 62.2% (P=0.272), respectively. There was no significant effect on any outcome when comparing Surgery +RT versus RT alone in the multivariate analysis. Based on four risk factors of DFS, patients were classified into three risk groups: the intermediate- and high-risk groups had significantly lower survival outcomes than the low-risk group. Surgery +RT did not improve outcomes of any risk group compared with RT alone. CONCLUSIONS Patients with synchronous ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis may not benefit from supraclavicular lymph node dissection. Distant metastasis remained the major failure pattern, especially for intermediate- and high-risk groups.
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Chen SY, Sun GY, Tang Y, Jing H, Song YW, Jin J, Liu YP, Zhao XR, Song YC, Chen B, Qi SN, Tang Y, Lu NN, Li N, Fang H, Li YX, Wang SL. Timing of postmastectomy radiotherapy following adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk breast cancer: A post hoc analysis of a randomised controlled clinical trial. Eur J Cancer 2022; 174:153-164. [PMID: 35998550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the appropriate timing of radiotherapy (RT) after mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy for women with high-risk breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Post hoc analyses of 584 patients with stage II and III breast cancer from a randomised controlled clinical trial were performed. All patients underwent mastectomy followed by sequential chemotherapy and RT. The optimal cut-off values for the surgery-RT interval (SRI) and the chemotherapy-RT interval (CRI) for overall survival (OS) were determined using the hazard ratio for continuous predictors. The locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis (DM), disease-free survival (DFS), and OS rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Median follow-up time was 83.5 months. Median SRI and CRI were 168 and 27 days, respectively. An SRI of >210 days was independently associated with higher DM (HR 2.65, 95% CI: 1.49-4.71; HR 2.78, 95% CI 1.51-5.26), lower OS (HR 2.44, 95% CI: 1.28-4.54; HR 2.50, 95% CI: 1.41-4.35), and lower DFS (HR 2.57, 95% CI: 1.45-4.57; HR 2.70, 95% CI: 1.45-5.00) than SRI of <180 or 180-210 days. Furthermore, a CRI of more than 42 days was independently associated with higher DM (HR 1.89, 95% CI: 1.17-3.06; HR 1.96, 95% CI: 1.19-3.22), lower OS (HR 2.44, 95% CI: 1.41-4.35; HR 1.92, 95% CI: 1.10-3.33), and lower DFS (HR 1.84, 95% CI: 1.14-2.96; HR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.12-2.94) than a CRI of <28 or 28-42 days. However, SRI and CRI had no significant effect on LRR. CONCLUSIONS Based on the present findings, the timing of the initiation of RT both after mastectomy and after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy is crucial for patients with high-risk breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ye Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guang-Yi Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Department of Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yong-Wen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xu-Ran Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu-Chun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shu-Nan Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ning-Ning Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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Song YC, Sun GY, Fang H, Tang Y, Song YW, Hu C, Qi SN, Chen B, Jing H, Tang Y, Jin J, Liu YP, Lu NN, Li YX, Wang SL. Quality of Life After Partial or Whole-Breast Irradiation in Breast-Conserving Therapy for Low-Risk Breast Cancer: 1-Year Results of a Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Oncol 2021; 11:738318. [PMID: 34604082 PMCID: PMC8480312 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.738318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report patients’ quality of life (QoL) at 1 year in a phase 2 randomized trial comparing partial breast irradiation (PBI) with whole-breast irradiation (WBI) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for breast cancer. Methods Women aged ≥ 45 years with low-risk breast cancer after BCS were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive PBI (40 Gy in 10 fractions over 2 weeks) or WBI (43.5 Gy in 15 fractions over 3 weeks). The primary endpoint—the incidence of toxicities of grade 2 or higher—will be reported when participants complete 5 years of follow-up. QoL was assessed at baseline (T0), at the end of radiotherapy (RT) (T1), 6 months (T2) and 1 year (T3) after RT by using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 questionnaires. We calculated the scores for all QOL subscales and differences in mean scores were compared. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03583619). Results Between June 2017 and January 2019, 140 women were randomly assigned to receive PBI or WBI (n = 70 per group). Fifty-nine and 56 patients treated with PBI and WBI, respectively, were eligible for the QoL analysis. There were no significant differences in any subscale scores at T0, T1, T2, or T3 between the PBI and WBI arms. The scores for most QoL subscales that were influenced by RT recovered to a similar or better level relative to T0 scores within 1 year after RT, except for the scores of the dyspnea subscale. Longitudinal analysis showed that time since RT had a significant impact on physical functioning, role functioning, social functioning, fatigue, pain, dyspnea, financial difficulties, body image, and breast and arm symptoms. Conclusion PBI using the intensity-modulated RT affords QoL comparable to that provided by WBI. Most QoL subscale scores that were influenced by RT recovered to a similar or better level relative to baseline scores within 1 year after RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yi Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Wen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD, United States
| | - Shu-Nan Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Ning Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Sun GY, Jing H, Wang SL, Song YW, Jin J, Fang H, Liu YP, Ren H, Tang Y, Zhao XR, Song YC, Chen SY, Yang ZB, Chen B, Tang Y, Li N, Lu NN, Qi SN, Yang Y, Li YX. Trastuzumab Provides a Comparable Prognosis in Patients With HER2-Positive Breast Cancer to Those With HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: Post Hoc Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Post-Mastectomy Hypofractionated Radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 10:605750. [PMID: 33575216 PMCID: PMC7871908 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.605750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose We investigated the locoregional effect of trastuzumab, and determined whether patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2-positive breast cancer (BC) treated with trastuzumab could achieve comparable efficacy to that of patients with HER2-negative BC. Materials and Methods This was post hoc analyses of data of 793 BC patients from a randomized controlled trial comparing post-mastectomy hypofractionated radiotherapy with conventional fractionated radiotherapy. Survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Results Patients were classified into three groups: HER2-negative (HER2−; n = 547), HER2-positve with trastuzumab (HER2+ + T; n = 136), and HER2-positive without trastuzumab (HER2+ − T; n = 110). The HER2+ + T group had significantly lower locoregional recurrence (LRR, 6.0% vs. 13.9%), distant metastasis (DM, 17.4% vs. 33.8%) and higher disease-free survival (DFS, 81.2% vs. 61.9%) at 5 years than that of the HER2+ − T group (P <.05). The HER2− group had significantly lower LRR (6.8% vs. 13.9%), DM (22.4% vs. 33.8%) and higher DFS (76.1% vs. 61.9%) at 5 years than that of the HER2+ − T group (P <.05). The difference in LRR, DM and DFS at 5 years was not significant between the HER2+ + T group and HER2− group (P >.05). Different annual LRR patterns was found among groups according to HR status. Conclusion Trastuzumab reduces LRR in patients with locally advanced HER2-positive BC who have received post-mastectomy radiotherapy. It provides comparable DFS to that with patients with HER2-negative BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yi Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Wen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Ran Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Chun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Ye Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuan-Bo Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Ning Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Nan Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zou LR, Li ZC, Zhong ZF, Liang LJ, Song YC, Wu J. [Epidemiology and molecular biology of respiratory syncytial virus among hospitalized children in Guangzhou from 2013 to 2017]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 54:294-300. [PMID: 32187935 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the genetic variation and epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) in Guangzhou. Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs specimens were collected from 0-6 year old children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection, then HRSV was tested and genotyped by RT-PCR. Phylogenetic tree was bulit using MEGA 6.0 software. NetNGlyc 1.0 server was used to predict the potential N-linked glycosylation sites. Results: A total of 1 225 nasopharyngeal specimens were collected, including 783 males and 442 females. The median (P(25), P(75)) age was 8 (3, 24) months. Among the 209 HRSV-positive cases (17.06%), 117 cases (55.98%) were HRSV-A and 92 cases (44.02%) were HRSV-B. The two distinct subgroups (HRSV-A and HRSV-B) alternately played dominant role to cause HRSV infection and exchange almost once every two years. The HRSV prevalence rate decreased with age. The HRSV-positive rate among children under 2 years old was 18.83% (196 cases), accounting for 93.78% of the total positive cases. There were 32 HRSV positive cases co-infected with at least one respiratory virus, with the co-infection rate of 15.31%. Phylogenetic tree analysis of the second hypervariable region (HVR2) of the G protein classified the HRSV-A specimens into ON1 (n=62) and NA1 (n=2) genotypes while all HRSV-B specimens belonged to BA genotype (n=53). The HVR2 of the G protein varied in using stop condon, amino acid substitutions, glycosylation sites. Conclusion: Children under 2 years old were the high risk population of HRSV infection in Guangzhou. ON1 genotype turned into a primary genetype of the HRSV-A subgroup while BA genotype dominated the HRSV-B subgroup. A greater diversification of amino acid substitutions, and some deletion and insertion of glycosylation sites embodied the polymorphism of G protein as main protective antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Zou
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
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Sun GY, Wang SL, Song YW, Jin J, Wang WH, Liu YP, Ren H, Fang H, Tang Y, Zhao XR, Song YC, Yu ZH, Liu XF, Li YX. Radiation-Induced Lymphopenia Predicts Poorer Prognosis in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Postmastectomy Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 108:277-285. [PMID: 32147519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.02.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine whether radiation-induced lymphopenia affects the survival of patients with breast cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS Post hoc analysis was conducted on data from 598 patients with breast cancer from a randomized controlled trial comparing postmastectomy hypofractionated radiation therapy (HFRT; 43.5 Gy in 15 fractions over 3 weeks) with conventional fractionated radiation therapy (CFRT; 50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks). Mean peripheral lymphocyte count (PLC) at different time points in the 2 groups was compared by the t test. Disease-free survival and overall survival were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between groups by the log-rank test. RESULTS Baseline PLC (pre-PLC) was comparable between HFRT and CFRT patients (1.60 ± 0.57 × 109/L vs 1.56 ± 0.52 × 109/L; P = .33). In both groups, the PLC declined steadily during the course of radiation therapy but started to recover at 1 month after radiation therapy. Incidence of lymphopenia was significantly lower in HFRT patients (45.4% vs 55.7%; P = .01). Nadir-PLC was significantly higher in HFRT patients (1.08 ± 0.37 × 109/L vs 0.97 ± 0.31× 109/L; P < .001), as was the nadir-PLC/pre-PLC ratio (0.72 ± 0.28 vs 0.67 ± 0.28; P = .02). Median follow-up was 57.6 months (interquartile range, 38.5-81.4). The 5-year disease-free survival was significantly lower in patients with a nadir-PLC/pre-PLC ratio <0.8 than in those with a ratio ≥0.8 (71.8% vs 82.6%; P = .01); however, overall survival was comparable between the groups (85.8% vs 90.6%; P = .24). CONCLUSIONS The risk of radiation-induced lymphopenia in patients with breast cancer is lower with HFRT than with CFRT. A low nadir-PLC/pre-PLC ratio may predict poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yi Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong-Wen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Ran Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Chun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Hao Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Fan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Song YC, Pegg DE, Hunt CJ. Cryopreservation of the common carotid artery of the rabbit: Optimization of dimethyl sulfoxide concentration and cooling rate. Cryobiology 2020; 93:18-26. [PMID: 32105701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the continuation of studies that demonstrated the suitability of CP-Tes solution as a medium for the introduction and removal of dimethyl sulfoxide in rabbit common carotid arteries and established the kinetics of cryoprotectant permeation in that tissue. In this paper we report the tolerance of rabbit common carotid artery to dimethyl sulfoxide, in concentrations up to 30% (w/w), using a technique of exposure that was designed to control osmotic stress. The maximum concentration achieved without damage was 15% (w/w). Vessels were then equilibrated with 15% dimethyl sulfoxide and cooled to -80 °C at 0.22, 0.69, 2.15, or 9.63 °C/min: they were then transferred to the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen refrigerator {temperature below -160 °C) for storage. Thawing was carried out in a 37 °C water bath. The optimum rate of cooling for these conditions was found to be 0.69 °C/min. The maximal recovery of contractile force in response to 10-6 M norepinephrine was 30-40%; relaxation to acetylcholine (an endothelium-mediated function) was 80% of control, and an estimated 71% of endothelial cells survived with minimal ultrastructural change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- MRC Medical Cryobiology Group, University Department of Surgery, Douglas House, Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 2AH, United Kingdom
| | - D E Pegg
- MRC Medical Cryobiology Group, University Department of Surgery, Douglas House, Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 2AH, United Kingdom
| | - C J Hunt
- MRC Medical Cryobiology Group, University Department of Surgery, Douglas House, Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 2AH, United Kingdom.
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Sivakumar S, Song YC, Kim SH, Jang SH. Cultivation of a bacterial consortium with the potential to degrade total petroleum hydrocarbon using waste activated sludge. J Environ Biol 2015; 36:1373-1380. [PMID: 26688976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge was aerobically treated to demonstrate multiple uses such as cultivating an oil degrading bacterial consortium; studying the influence of a bulking agent (peat moss) and total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration on bacterial growth and producing a soil conditioner using waste activated sludge. After 30 days of incubation, the concentration of oil-degrading bacteria was 4.3 x 10(8) CFU g(-1) and 4.5 x 10(8) CFU g(-1) for 5 and 10 g of total petroleum hydrocarbon, respectively, in a mixture of waste activated sludge (1 kg) and peat moss (0.1 kg). This accounts for approximately 88.4 and 91.1%, respectively, of the total heterotrophic bacteria (total-HB). The addition of bulking agent enhanced total-HB population and total petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial population. Over 90% of total petroleum hydrocarbon degradation was achieved by the mixture of waste activated sludge, bulking agent and total petroleum hydrocarbon. The results of physico-chemical parameters of the compost (waste activated sludge with and without added peat moss compost) and a substantial reduction in E. coli showed that the use of this final product did not exhibit risk when used as soil conditioner. Finally, the present study demonstrated that cultivation of total petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial consortium and production of compost from waste activated sludge by aerobic treatment was feasible.
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12
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Gao WL, Wu LS, Zi JH, Wu B, Li YZ, Song YC, Cai DZ. Measurement of serum estrogen and estrogen metabolites in pre- and postmenopausal women with osteoarthritis using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 48:146-53. [PMID: 25410577 PMCID: PMC4321220 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20144129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although 17β-estradiol (E2) deficiency has been linked to the development of osteoarthritis (OA) in middle-aged women, there are few studies relating other estrogens and estrogen metabolites (EMs) to this condition. We developed a high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method to measure the levels of six EMs (i.e., estrone, E2, estriol, 2-hydroxyestrone, 2-hydroxyestradiol, and 16a-hydroxyestrone) in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women and women with OA. This method had a precision ranging from 1.1 to 3.1% and a detection limit ranging from 10 to 15 pg. Compared to healthy women, serum-free E2 was lower in the luteal and postmenopausal phases in women with OA, and total serum E2 was lower in postmenopausal women with OA. Moreover, compared to healthy women, total serum 2-hydroxyestradiol was higher in postmenopausal women with OA and total serum 2-hydroxyestrone was lower in both the luteal and follicular phases in women with OA. In conclusion, our HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method allowed the measurement of multiple biochemical targets in a single assay, and, given its increased cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and speed relative to previous methods, this method is suitable for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - L S Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - J H Zi
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - B Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - Y Z Li
- Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y C Song
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - D Z Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ji XD, Zhang ML, Ke YY, Song YC. Simultaneous immobilization of ammonium and phosphate from aqueous solution using zeolites synthesized from fly ashes. Water Sci Technol 2013; 67:1324-1331. [PMID: 23508158 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Zeolites were synthesized from silica-rich (SF-Z) and calcium-rich (CF-Z) fly ashes, respectively, and their performance in immobilizing ammonium and phosphate was investigated through batch experiments. The cation exchange capacity and phosphate immobilization capacity of SF-Z were identified as 2.79 meq/g and 12.97 mg/g while those of CF-Z were 0.69 meq/g and 87.41 mg/g, respectively. The mixture of SF-Z and CF-Z (MSC-Z) immobilized simultaneously ammonium and phosphate, and the ratio of SF-Z to CF-Z depended on the ammonium and phosphate concentrations in wastewater and the discharge standard. The adsorption processes of ammonium and phosphate on MSC-Z followed Ho's pseudo-second-order model and the intra-particle diffusion was a rate-controlling step. The Langmuir model produced better suitability to the equilibrium data. The thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption of both ammonium and phosphate on MSC-Z was an endothermic reaction. After treatment by MSC-Z, the ammonium and phosphate concentrations in wastewater from a sewage treatment plant decreased from 7.45 and 1.42 mg/L to 2.06 and 0.51 mg/L, respectively, and met Surface Water Environment Quality Standard in China δ. These results show that the immobilization of ammonium and phosphate in wastewater can be achieved by the combination of zeolites synthesized from silica-rich and calcium-rich fly ashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Ji
- Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation & Desertification Combat, Beijing Forest University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
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Abstract
This study was designed to use biotin labelling in situ hybridization to physically map the 5S rDNA genes to a chromosome arm location in rice. Chromosome preparations were made using an improved protoplast technique, which resulted in more mitotic cells with less overlying cytoplasmic and cellular debris. Cells in which both chromatids were labelled were observed. The hybridization detection level for the 5S rDNA gene complex was 17.22%. The results established that the 5S rDNA gene complex of rice is located at the end of the short arm of chromosome 9 in rice cultivar IR36. The similarities and differences of the 5S rDNA gene complex location between rice and other cereals and advantages of in situ hybridization for physical mapping are discussed.
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Sivakumar S, Song YC, Park IS, Cho SH, Lee CY, Kim BG. Short-term influence of phosphate and nitrate on heavy metal accumulation by red alga Acrosorium uncinatum. Environ Monit Assess 2010; 165:449-460. [PMID: 19421882 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-0958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal accumulation (Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb) in common marine macroalga, Acrosorium uncinatum under nutrient (phosphate and nitrate) enriched (experiment 1) and starved (experiment 2) conditions over a short exposure period (12 h) were examined in this study. Control was maintained in seawater contained nutrient solution without addition of metals and in seawater alone for experiment 1 and 2, respectively. Among the four metals studied, the accumulation of Zn, Ni, and Pb was considerably lower than Cu. The accumulation factor for all metals varies greatly in different nutrient concentrations, but it increases as the exposure of metal concentration decreases in both the experiments. The results of the present findings established that this macroalga is an accumulator of metals Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb and have the potential to accumulate these metals even in a short time exposure period (12 h). Even though metal accumulation by A. uncinatum largely depends on the available concentration in the medium, nutrients like phosphate and nitrate can affect the accumulation significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sivakumar
- Research Institute for Marine Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Yeongdo-Gu, Busan, South Korea.
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Shu HF, Gao FY, Zhang CQ, Liu SY, Zhang ZY, Song YC, Qiu KJ, Yang H. Rat Dlx5 is expressed in the subventricular zone and promotes neuronal differentiation. Braz J Med Biol Res 2009; 43:176-85. [PMID: 20027483 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009007500034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms and potential clinical applications of neural precursor cells have recently been the subject of intensive study. Dlx5, a homeobox transcription factor related to the distal-less gene in Drosophila, was shown to play an important role during forebrain development. The subventricular zone (SVZ) in the adult brain harbors the largest abundance of neural precursors. The anterior SVZ (SVZa) contains the most representative neural precursors in the SVZ. Further research is necessary to elucidate how Dlx5-related genes regulate the differentiation of SVZa neural precursors. Here, we employed immunohistochemistry and molecular biology techniques to study the expression of Dlx5 and related homeobox genes Er81 and Islet1 in neonatal rat brain and in in vitro cultured SVZa neural precursors. Our results show that Dlx5 and Er81 are also highly expressed in the SVZa, rostral migratory stream, and olfactory bulb. Islet1 is only expressed in the striatum. In cultured SVZa neural precursors, Dlx5 mRNA expression gradually decreased with subsequent cell passages and was completely lost by passage four. We also transfected a Dlx5 recombinant plasmid and found that Dlx5 overexpression promoted neuronal differentiation of in vitro cultured SVZa neural precursors. Taken together, our data suggest that Dlx5 plays an important role during neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Rajkumar K, Sivakumar S, Senthilkumar P, Prabha D, Subbhuraam CV, Song YC. Effects of selected heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Ni, and Cd) in the aquatic medium on the restoration potential and accumulation in the stem cuttings of the terrestrial plant, Talinum triangulare Linn. Ecotoxicology 2009; 18:952-960. [PMID: 19590954 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0371-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Ni, and Cd) accumulation capacity of the stem cuttings of the terrestrial, ornamental plant, Talinum triangulare was assessed in hydroponic medium. The stem cuttings of T. triangulare, grew well in distilled water regenerating roots and aerial parts. On exposure to various concentrations of Cu, Pb, Ni, and Cd, a concentration dependent decrease was observed in the number of leaves produced and roots regenerated and an increase in the number of days required for the initiation of roots. The number of leaves produced showed an increasing trend in almost all treatment concentrations of Cu, Pb, Ni, and Cd with an increase in the duration of experiment, whereas, with an increase in the treatment concentration of metals a significant (P < 0.05) decrease was observed in the number of leaves produced. The number of days required for root initiation in metal solutions, however, increased with increasing concentration of Cu, Pb, Ni, and Cd. The root development was completely arrested from 10 mg l(-1) of Ni and 4 mg l(-1) of Cd. Compared to the control, a significant decrease was recorded in the number of roots produced in all treatment concentrations of Cu, Pb, Ni, and Cd. Pink colouration of metal solution consequent to leaching of plant pigment from T. triangulare was observed which was not persistent and disappeared after a few days. Decaying of stem was observed when exposed to Ni and Cd but not to Cu and Pb. Although, copper accumulation by T. triangulare at treatment concentration of 15 and 20 mg l(-1) exceeded 1,000 mg kg(-1) dry matter, necessary pot culture experiment is required before "T. triangulare" can be definitely classified as a Cu hyperaccumulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rajkumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
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Abstract
Mitotic chromosome spreads of 16 plant species belonging to six families were analyzed using an improved combined PI and DAPI (CPD) staining procedure. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 45S rDNA probe was conducted sequentially on the same spreads to evaluate the efficiency and sensitivity of the technique. Fluorochrome staining with chromomycin A3 (CMA)-DAPI also was conducted to clarify the properties of the sequences involved in the CPD banded regions. Our results revealed that all of the NORs (rDNA sites) in the species tested were efficiently shown as red bands by CPD staining, and the number and position of the bands corresponded precisely to those of the 45S rDNA FISH signals, indicating that the detection sensitivity of CPD staining is similar to that of FISH. In 10 of the species tested including Aegilops squarrosa, Allium sativum, Oryza sativum ssp. indica, Oryza officinalis, Pisum sativum, Secale cereale, Setaria italica, Sorghum vulgare, Vicia faba and Zea mays, CPD bands were exhibited exclusively in their NORs, while in other six species including Hordeum vulgare, Allium cepa, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica oleracea var. capitata and Lycopersicon esculentum, CPD bands appeared in chromosomal regions other than their NORs. The CPD bands were in accordance with the CMA bands in all species tested, indicating GC-rich sequences in the CPD bands and that the improved CPD staining procedure is specific for GC-rich regions in plant genomes. Our investigation not only elucidated the banding mechanisms of CPD, but also demonstrated that the CPD staining technique, which may be preferable to CMA staining, is an effective tool for detecting NORs and other GC-rich chromosomal regions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W She
- Key Laboratory of MOE for Plant Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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19
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Gu W, Ge HM, Song YC, Ding H, Zhu HL, Zhao XA, Tan RX. Cytotoxic benzo[j]fluoranthene metabolites from Hypoxylon truncatum IFB-18, an endophyte of Artemisia annua. J Nat Prod 2007; 70:114-7. [PMID: 17253861 DOI: 10.1021/np0604127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Two new benzo[j]fluoranthene-based secondary metabolites named daldinone C (1) and daldinone D (2), along with two known metabolites, altechromone A and (4S)-5,8-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-alpha-tetralone, were isolated from the CHCl3/MeOH (1:1) extract of a solid culture of the endophyte Hypoxylon truncatum IFB-18 harbored inside the symptomless stem tissue of Artemisia annua. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectra and by X-ray diffraction analysis. Their absolute configurations were determined unambiguously by a combination of their CD data and the established exciton chirality rule. Compounds 1 and 2 were substantially cytotoxic against SW1116 cells, with IC50 values of 49.5 and 41.0 microM, respectively, comparable to that (37.0 microM) of 5-fluorouracil. The biosynthetic pathway for 1 and 2 was postulated with the natural occurrence of benzo[j]fluoranthene analogues discussed in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Gu
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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20
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Ge HM, Song YC, Shan CY, Ye YH, Tan RX. New and cytotoxic anthraquinones from Pleospora sp. IFB-E006, an endophytic fungus in Imperata cylindrical. Planta Med 2005; 71:1063-5. [PMID: 16320210 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-864190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In addition to 7-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4,5-trihydroxyanthraquinone (1), physcion (2), macrosporin (3), deoxybostrycin (4), altersolanol B (5) and dactylariol (6), a new hexahydroanthraquinone named pleospdione (7) was isolated from the culture of Pleospora sp . IFB-E006, an endophytic fungus residing in the normal stem of Imperata cylindrical (Gramineae). Structure determination of pleospdione was accomplished using IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis. Compounds 4 - 6 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer (SW1116) and leukemia (K562) cell lines while compounds 1, 2 and 7 were only weakly or moderately active.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Ge
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, People's Republic of China
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21
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Abstract
Despite significant advances, some critical issues remain for the long-term storage of an engineered pancreas. In this study we employed a tissue engineered pancreatic substitute model-insulin-secreting betaTC3 cells entrapped in calcium alginate/poly-L-lysine/alginate beads-to demonstrate that a prototype vitrification method can prevent ice formation and maintain cell viability/function. The results showed that the structure of the frozen samples was distorted by ice crystals throughout the matrix. In marked contrast, the vitrified samples appeared to be free of ice. Morphologic studies demonstrated extensive fractures and vacuolation in frozen specimens while there were no fractures in vitrified TEPSs. Both vitrified and frozen constructs showed some vacuolization compared to the control samples. Frozen beads showed a significantly decreased viability compared to fresh controls and the VS55 group (P < .001). There was no significant difference between the vitrified and fresh samples. Vitrification using the VS55 protocol shows similar viability and secretion properties to the control group of fresh beads. Vitrification using the PEG 400 protocol resulted in slightly lower viability and secretion properties relative to the control group; conventional freezing resulted in even significantly lower viability and secretion properties. These results combine to demonstrate feasibility of vitrification as a storage method for a tissue engineered pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- Organ Recovery Systems, Inc., Charleston, South Carolina 29403, USA.
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22
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Yang XB, Gao XD, Han F, Xu BS, Song YC, Tan RX. Purification, characterization and enzymatic degradation of YCP, a polysaccharide from marine filamentous fungus YS4108. Biochimie 2005; 87:747-54. [PMID: 15885873 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2005.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Revised: 01/21/2005] [Accepted: 03/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
YCP, a mitogenic polysaccharide with its molecular weight (MW) of 2.4 x 10(3) kDa, was isolated from the mycelium of the marine filamentous fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108 by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-32 and gel permeation over Sephacryl S-400. The detailed compositional, spectroscopic and methylation analyses of the polysaccharide demonstrated that its backbone possessed most likely a linear alpha-(1 --> 4) bonded glucopyranoside main chain co-bearing through side alpha-(1 --> 6)-linkage. The alpha-(1 --> 4) bondage of the glucopyranoside building blocks in YCP was confirmed by the observation that it could be hydrolyzed by the alpha-amylase produced by Bacillus licheniformis. A reliable concentration monitoring experimentation highlighted that the reducing sugars released continuously from YCP during its incubation with the enzyme, and the MW of the main resulting fragment weighed 0.8 x 10(4) Da with approximately 10% of YCP converted to maltose, maltotriose and glucose after a 120-min enzymatic degradation. Finally, YCP was found to be able to increase phagocytic activity of mice in vitro and in vivo, indicating that it may be looked up as a potent immunomodulator that could activate macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Yang
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Liu JY, Song YC, Zhang Z, Wang L, Guo ZJ, Zou WX, Tan RX. Aspergillus fumigatus CY018, an endophytic fungus in Cynodon dactylon as a versatile producer of new and bioactive metabolites. J Biotechnol 2005; 114:279-87. [PMID: 15522437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2004.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2003] [Revised: 07/29/2004] [Accepted: 07/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus CY018 was recognized as an endophytic fungus for the first time in the leaf of Cynodon dactylon. By bioassay-guided fractionation, the EtOAc extract of a solid-matrix steady culture of this fungus afforded two new metabolites, named asperfumoid (1) and asperfumin (2), together with six known bioactive compounds including monomethylsulochrin, fumigaclavine C, fumitremorgin C, physcion, helvolic acid and 5alpha,8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6,22-diene-3beta-ol as well as other four known compounds ergosta-4,22-diene-3beta-ol, ergosterol, cyclo(Ala-Leu) and cyclo(Ala-Ile). Through detailed spectroscopic analyses including HRESI-MS, homo- and hetero-nuclear correlation NMR experiments (HMQC, COSY, NOESY and HMBC), the structures of asperfumoid and asperfumin were established to be spiro-(3-hydroxyl-2,6-dimethoxyl-2,5-diene-4-cyclohexone-(1,3')-5'-methoxyl-7'-methyl-(1'H, 2'H, 4'H)-quinoline-2',4'-dione) and 5-hydroxyl-2-(6-hydroxyl-2-methoxyl-4-methylbenzoyl)-3,6-dimethoxyl-benzoic methyl ester, respectively. All of the 12 isolates were subjected to in vitro bioactive assays against three human pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, Tricophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger. As a result, asperfumoid, fumigaclavine C, fumitremorgin C, physcion and helvolic acid were shown to inhibit C. albicans with MICs of 75.0, 31.5, 62.5, 125.0 and 31.5 microg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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24
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Song YC, Li H, Ye YH, Shan CY, Yang YM, Tan RX. Endophytic naphthopyrone metabolites are co-inhibitors of xanthine oxidase, SW1116 cell and some microbial growths. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2005; 241:67-72. [PMID: 15556711 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsle.2004.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2004] [Revised: 09/30/2004] [Accepted: 10/05/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractionation of the extract of Aspergillus niger. IFB-E003, an endophyte in Cyndon dactylon, gave four known compounds naphtho-gamma-pyrones rubrofusarin B, fonsecinone A, asperpyrone B and aurasperone A, which were further investigated biologically. Rubrofusarin B was shown to be cytotoxic to the colon cancer cell line SW1116 (IC50: 4.5 microgml-1), and aurasperone A inhibitory on XO (xanthine oxidase) (IC50: 10.9 micromoll-1). Moreover, the four naphtho-gamma-pyrones exhibited growth inhibitions against the five test microbes with MICs ranging in between 1.9 and 31.2 microgml(-1). The present recognition of rubrofusarin B and aurasperone A as strong co-inhibitors on XO, colon cancer cell and some microbial pathogens is of significance for the imperative discovery of new relevant therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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25
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Abstract
A study on the treatment of antifouling paint waste from shipyards, including sandblast waste and ship hull washing wastewater, was performed. The sandblast waste could be effectively detoxified by heat treatment, and the efficiency was affected by the temperature of the heating vessel and treatment time. The removal efficiency of total organotin compounds from the sandblast waste was over 99% at 1000 degrees C and treatment for 1 h. For the treatment of ship hull washing wastewater by the solvent extraction, ship diesel was a good solvent for the tributyltin (TBT) extraction, and the proper amount of solvent was about 10 mL for TBT extraction from 1L of wastewater. The extraction efficiency of TBT was significantly affected by the agitation intensity. The TBT in the wash wastewater was rapidly extracted within 1 h. The level of the TBT residual in the wastewater extracted for 1h was 2.8 microg L(-1), and this was further decreased to 0.8 after 5 h extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- Division of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime University, 1, Dongsam-Dong, Yeongdo-Gu, Busan 606-791, Korea.
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26
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Yoo JS, Cheun BS, Park IS, Song YC, Seo Y, Kim NG, Shin HW, Lee JH. Use of sodium transfer tissue biosensor (STTB) for monitoring of marine toxic organism. J Environ Biol 2004; 25:431-6. [PMID: 15907072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive sodium (Na+) transfer tissue biosensor (STTB) was designed using a frog bladder membrane to measure paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP). The STTB consists, of a Na+ electrode covered by the membrane, which was then integrated into a flow-through system for continuous measurements. In the absence of Na+ channel blocker, active transfer of Na+ occurred from inside to outside across the frog membrane. When the STTB was used to measure the Na+ -dependent dissociation of PSP, it was able to detect PSB at a level contained in a single cell. However, 5 fg or higher (100 cells or more) is needed for accurate and reproducible measurements. The toxicity obtained by the STTB was significantly correlated (r = 0.9449) to that determined by the HPLC. Therefore, the simple method of the STTB can be used not only to detect a low level PSP in toxic plankton populations, but also to monitor poisons in shellfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yoo
- Research Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Korea Maritime University, Busan 606-791, Korea.
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27
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Ma YM, Li Y, Liu JY, Song YC, Tan RX. Anti-Helicobacter pylori metabolites from Rhizoctonia sp. Cy064, an endophytic fungus in Cynodon dactylon. Fitoterapia 2004; 75:451-6. [PMID: 15261382 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2004.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2003] [Accepted: 03/31/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A new benzophenone, named rhizoctonic acid (1), together with three known compounds monomethylsulochrin (2), ergosterol (3) and 3beta,5alpha,6beta-trihydroxyergosta-7,22-diene (4) were isolated through bioassay-guided fractionations from the culture of Rhizoctonia sp. (Cy064), an endophytic fungus in the leaf of Cynodon dactylon. The structure of the new acid 1 was elucidated to be 5-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-4-methylbenzoyl)-3-methoxybenzoic acid by a combination of spectral analyses. Furthermore, the structure of monomethylsulochrin 2 was confirmed by 13C-NMR analysis. All four metabolites were subjected to a more detailed in vitro assessment of their antibacterial action against five clinically isolated and one reference (ATCC 43504) Helicobacter pylori strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Ma
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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28
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Song YC, Jin S, Louie H, Ng D, Lau R, Zhang Y, Weerasekera R, Al Rashid S, Ward LA, Der SD, Chan VL. FlaC, a protein of Campylobacter jejuni TGH9011 (ATCC43431) secreted through the flagellar apparatus, binds epithelial cells and influences cell invasion. Mol Microbiol 2004; 53:541-53. [PMID: 15228533 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Type III secretion systems identified in bacterial pathogens of animals and plants transpose effectors and toxins directly into the cytosol of host cells or into the extracellular milieu. Proteins of the type III secretion apparatus are conserved among diverse and distantly related bacteria. Many type III apparatus proteins have homologues in the flagellar export apparatus, supporting the notion that type III secretion systems evolved from the flagellar export apparatus. No type III secretion apparatus genes have been found in the complete genomic sequence of Campylobacter jejuni NCTC11168. In this study, we report the characterization of a protein designated FlaC of C. jejuni TGH9011. FlaC is homologous to the N- and C-terminus of the C. jejuni flagellin proteins, FlaA and FlaB, but lacks the central portion of these proteins. flaC null mutants form a morphologically normal flagellum and are highly motile. In wild-type C. jejuni cultures, FlaC is found predominantly in the extracellular milieu as a secreted protein. Null mutants of the flagellar basal rod gene (flgF) and hook gene (flgE) do not secrete FlaC, suggesting that a functional flagellar export apparatus is required for FlaC secretion. During C. jejuni infection in vitro, secreted FlaC and purified recombinant FlaC bind to HEp-2 cells. Invasion of HEp-2 cells by flaC null mutants was reduced to a level of 14% compared with wild type, suggesting that FlaC plays an important role in cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, Medical Science Building, 1 King's College Circle, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
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29
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Abstract
AIMS The cultures of an endophytic fungus Calcarisporium sp. were screened for inhibitors on the growth of feed-associated moulds and on the aflatoxin biosynthesis to find a safe and effective feed preservative. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight test fungi were isolated from the spoiled poultry feed. The endophytic fungus Calcarisporium sp. was separated from the Chinese coastal grass Cynodon dactylon. The antifungal action concerning the endophytic culture extract (ECE) was performed with propionic acid (PPA) as the corresponding reference. The ECE had a similar antifungal efficacy to PPA in a concentration-dependent manner. The susceptibility order of the ECE to the test fungi was found to be Fusarium sp. > Aspergillus spp. > Penicillium spp. Furthermore, the application of the ECE in pelleted-layer duck feed as a preservative was carried out at a humidity of 10, 15 and 20%. It has been discerned that mould growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis could be co-inhibited almost completely by ECE at concentrations higher than 1.0% (w/w). The LD50 of the ECE on mice was shown to be higher than 28 g kg-1. CONCLUSIONS The ECE can be selected as an inhibitor to preserve poultry feed on inhibiting the growth of mould and aflatoxin biosynthesis during feed storage. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The ECE may be an effective and biosafe antifungal ingredient for poultry feed and holds a potential market prospect in feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Ji
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Liu JY, Wang XR, Zeng XL, Zhang CS, Hao S, Song YC. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a familial balanced reciprocal translocation t(11;18) (q13.3; q23) associated with pregnancy wastage. Cytogenet Genome Res 2004; 103:8-13. [PMID: 15004456 DOI: 10.1159/000076281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2003] [Accepted: 09/23/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A new male patient associated with a pregnancy wastage was detected in China. Cytogenetic analyses including G-banding, chromosome painting and observation of synaptonemal complexes (SCs) demonstrated that the pregnancy wastage was associated with a balanced reciprocal translocation t(11;18) (q13.3; q23). The proband was the carrier of the translocation and his karyotype was 46,XY,t(11;18)(11pter-->11q13.3:: 18q23-->18qter; 18pter-->18q23::11q13.3-->11qter). The pedigree was analyzed based on a G-banded karyotype of the nine familial members. The translocation chromosomes came from the proband's mother. The result of the SC observation in the proband showed that each of the spermatocytes displayed one quadrivalent during their pachytene stages. In the quadrivalents, there existed homologous and nonhomologous synapses and the latter occurred widely during early, middle and late pachytene stages. The reasons and genetic basis of the pregnancy wastage are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Liu
- The Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of Developmental Biology, Wuhan University, Wuhan (China)
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Chae SR, Lee SH, Kim JO, Paik BC, Song YC, Park HS, Shin HS. Simultaneous removal of organic and strong nitrogen from sewage in a pilot-scale BNR process supplemented with food waste. Water Sci Technol 2004; 49:257-264. [PMID: 15137432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As the sewerage system is incomplete, sewage in Korea lacks easily biodegradable organics for nutrient removal. In this country, about 11,400 tons of food waste of high organic materials is produced daily. Therefore, the potential of food waste as an external carbon source was examined in a pilot-scale BNR (biological nutrient removal) process for a half year. It was found that as the supply of the external carbon increased, the average removal efficiencies of T-N (total nitrogen) and T-P (total phosphorus) increased from 53% and 55% to 97% and 93%, respectively. VFAs (volatile fatty acids) concentration of the external carbon source strongly affected denitrification efficiency and EBPR (enhanced biological phosphorus removal) activity. Biological phosphorus removal was increased to 93% when T-N removal efficiency increased from 78% to 97%. In this study, several kinds of PHAs (poly-hydroxyalkanoates) in cells were observed. The observed PHAs was composed of 37% 3HB (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate), 47% 3HV (poly-3-hydroxyvalerate), 9% 3HH (poly-3-hydroxyhexanoate), 5% 3HO (poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate), and 2% 3HD (poly-3-hydroxydecanoate).
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Chae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
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Abstract
The physical locations of the 5S and 45S rDNA sequences were examined in three types of teosinte, Zea mays ssp. mexicana (2n = 20), Zea diploperennis (2n = 20) and Zea perennis (2n = 40) by biotinylated fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The tested materials only showed one hybridization site of 5S rDNA on their genomes, but they were different in the position of the signals. The hybridization site of Zea mays ssp. mexicana was located on the long arm of chromosome 2, indicating that it is the same as the cultivated maize in the position of 5S rDNA, while the sites of Zea diploperennis and Zea perennis were on the short arms of other chromosomes. For 45S rDNA, one hybridization site was detected at secondary constriction region of the satellite chromosomes in Zea mays ssp. mexicana and Zea diploperennis, while in Zea perennis, besides the site located at the secondary constriction region, a second site on the short arm of another chromosome pair was observed. Our results provide additional evidence for Zea mays ssp. mexicana being a subspecies of Zea mays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Han
- The Key Laboratory of MOE for Plant Developmental Biology, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei, P.R. China
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Han SK, Shin HS, Song YC, Lee CY, Kim SH. Novel anaerobic process for the recovery of methane and compost from food waste. Water Sci Technol 2002; 45:313-319. [PMID: 12188564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Multi-step sequential batch two-phase anaerobic composting (MUSTAC) process was used to recover methane and composted material from food waste. The MUSTAC process consists of five leaching beds for hydrolysis, acidification and post-treatment, and an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for methane recovery. This process involves the combined methods of sequential batch operation and two-phase anaerobic digestion for simple operation and high efficiency. Rumen microorganisms are inoculated due to their enhanced cellulolytic activity. Each leaching bed is operated in a sequential batch mode. Five leaching beds are operated in a multi-step mode with a two-day interval between degradation stages. Acidified products in the leachate from the leaching beds are converted to methane in the UASB reactor. The MUSTAC process demonstrated that it was capable of removing 84.9% of volatile solids (VS) and converting 85.6% of biochemical methane potential (BMP) into methane at 10.9 kg VS/m3 x d in 10 days. Methane gas production rate was 2.31 m3/m3 x d. The output from the post-treatment of residues in the same leaching bed without troublesome moving met the Korean regulation on compost, indicating that it could be used for soil amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Han
- Department of Civil Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon.
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Shin HS, Han SK, Song YC, Lee CY. Performance of UASB reactor treating leachate from acidogenic fermenter in the two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste. Water Res 2001; 35:3441-3447. [PMID: 11547866 DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(01)00041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the performance of the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating leachate from acidogenic fermenter in the two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was consistently over 96% up to the loading rates of 15.8 g COD/l d. The methane production rate increased to 5.51/l d. Of all the COD removed, 92% was converted to methane and the remaining presumably to biomass. At loading rates over 18.7 g COD/l d, the COD removal efficiency decreased due to sludge flotation and washout in the reactor, which resulted from short HRT of less than 10.6 h. The residual propionate concentration was the highest among the volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the effluent. The specific methanogenic activity (SMA) analysis showed that the VFA-degrading activity of granule was the highest for butyrate, and the lowest for propionate. Typical granules were found to be mainly composed of microcolonies of Methanosaeta. The size distribution of sludge particles indicated that partially granulated sludge could maintain the original structure of granular sludge and continue to gain size in the UASB reactor treating leachate from acidogenic fermenter.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Shin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, South Korea.
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35
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Jin WW, Li X, Li ZY, Ning SB, Ling DH, Song YC. [Detection and analysis of alien genes in transgenic rice by fluorescence in situ hybridization]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2001; 34:163-8. [PMID: 12549216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with metaphase preparations, we localized a transferred barnase-psl DNA sequence onto chromosomes in 8 rice transgenic plants. All the tested rice transgenic lines showed hybridization signals on the middle and terminal regions of chromosome arms except for those close to centromeres. In two lines, two different integration sites were identified, and the other lines showed only one integration site. With the aid of Southern analysis and expression detection, we found that the barnase tended to show a higher level expression in the lines whose integration sites near the distal regions of chromosomes, while the expression level became lower in the lines whose integration sites near the centromeres. This result suggested a possible relationship between chromosomal location of transgenes and the expression level. However it showed no obvious relationship between copy numbers and expression levels. In most cases, the results of multi-color FISH showed that barnase-ps1 always integrated at the same position on the chrmosome as the reporter genes(pHctinG).
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Jin
- Key Lab of MOE for Plant Developmental Biology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072
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Yeh PY, Chuang SE, Yeh KH, Song YC, Cheng AL. Nuclear extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 phosphorylates p53 at Thr55 in response to doxorubicin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 284:880-6. [PMID: 11409876 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we showed that nuclear ERK2 phosphorylates p53 at Thr55 in response to doxorubicin. p53 was found to physically interact with ERK2 as evidenced by Western blotting of ERK2 coimmunoprecipitated complex. The gene fragment encoded for N-terminal 68 amino acids was subcloned and fused with 6-His. Each serine or threonine site in this fragment, the possible phosphorylation site, was mutated to alanine. The recombinant proteins were used as substrates in ERK2 kinase assay. The results show that ERK2 phosphorylated p53 at Thr55. Further, electromobility shift assay showed that the phosphorylation of p53 by nuclear ERK2 was closely related to the transactivating activity of p53. These findings suggest that ERK2 may play a role in response to DNA damage via interaction with p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Y Yeh
- Cancer Research Center, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the newly devised process, called MUlti-step Sequential batch Two-phase Anaerobic Composting (MUSTAC). The MUSTAC process consisted of several leaching beds for hydrolysis, acidification and post-treatment, and a UASB reactor for methane recovery. This process to treat food waste was developed with a high-rate anaerobic composting technique based on the rate-limiting step approach. Rumen microorganisms were inoculated to improve the low efficiency of acidogenic fermentation. Both two-phase anaerobic digestion and sequential batch operation were used to control environmental constraints in anaerobic degradation. The MUSTAC process demonstrated excellent performance as it resulted in a large reduction in volatile solids (VS) (84.7%) and high methane conversion efficiency (84.4%) at high organic loading rates (10.8 kg VS m(-3) d(-1)) in a short SRT (10 days). Methane yield was 0.27 m3 kg(-1) VS, while methane gas production rate was 2.27 m3 m(-3) d(-1). The output from the post-treatment could be used as a soil amendment, which was produced at the same acidogenic fermenter without troublesome moving. The main advantages of the MUSTAC process were simple operation and high efficiency. The MUSTAC process proved stable, reliable and effective in resource recovery as well as waste stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Shin
- Department of Civil Engineering and Energy & Environment Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon
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Ning SB, Wang L, Song YC. [Physical mapping of the genes px and cld coding peroxidase and cold-regulated protein in maize (Zea mays L.)]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2001; 27:719-24. [PMID: 11055125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidase plays a key role in plant disease resistance, cold stress and some developmental processes, and cold-regulated protein functions necessarily in reaction of plants on cold or heat stress. Recent studies showed that these processes in plant cells were involved in programmed cell death (PCD). Using a biotin-labelled in situ hybridization (ISH) technique, we physically mapped the genes px and cld coding peroxidase and cold-regulated protein respectively onto maize chromosomes. Both DAB and fluorescence detection systems gave the identical results, the probe uaz235 corresponding to gene px was localized onto the long arm of chromosome 2 (2L) and 7L, and csu19 corresponding to gene cld was hybridized onto 4L and 5L. The percentage distances (from the hybridization sites to centromeres) of uaz235 in 2L and 7L were 45.4 +/- 1.3 and 67.4 +/- 3.7 respectively, and those of csu19 in 4L and 5L were 68.6 +/- 2.6 and 58.2 +/- 1.6 respectively. The physical positions of px in 2L and cld in 4L coincide with those in their genetic map pattern. The results also show that both of these genes have duplicated sites in maize genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Ning
- Center for Developmental Biology, Wuhan University, China
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Yang Z, Cai CL, Qin R, Liu LH, Song YC. [Physical location and detection of homologous sequences of proto-oncogene ras on maize]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2001; 27:338-43. [PMID: 11147353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Proto-oncogene ras is an important gene for suppress the animal cells apoptosis. To analyze the presence of homologous sequences of ras in maize and rice, Southern blot hybridization was performed and positive signals was detected in these two species' genomes. The physical location of the ras homologous sequences was also carried out in maize chromosome by FISH. ras was hybridized onto the long arm of the chromosomes 2 and 7. The detection rates of FISH were 10.85% and 14.15%, and percentage distances from centromere to detection sites were 54.92 +/- 1.90 and 94.62 +/- 2.77 respectively. These results provided important clues of the further research of plant apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yang
- Center of Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Ning SB, Song YC, Wang L, Ding Y, Liu LH. Maize nac1 and cld genes map to chromosome arms 10L and 2S, and to 4L and 5L, respectively. Chromosome Res 2000; 8:273. [PMID: 10841055 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009277601957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S B Ning
- Center for Developmental Biology, Wuhan University, PR China
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Ning SB, Song YC, Wang L, Li X. [Salt stress-induced apoptosis in plants--a possible resistance mechanism to salt stress]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2000; 33:245-53. [PMID: 12549043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Previous study has showed that apoptosis-like cell death can be induced under moderate salt stress in plants. In this paper, we studied the cell death induced by salt stress in maize, rice and tobacco roots utilizing DNA Laddering, paraffin sectioning-based TUNEL and chromosome spreading-based TUNEL simultaneously. The characteristic morphological and biochemical features showed apoptosis induced by salt stress may be a universal phenomenon in plants, but some differences may lie in various species. These results provided a valuable insight into studying the physiological mechanism of stress resistance in plants. In addition, we compared the in situ labelling technique based on chromosome spreading with that based on paraffin sectioning. We proposed according to the results that chromosome spreading-based in situ labeling technique should be suitable to detect individual cell death qualitatively and quantitatively with high efficiency, low background and detailed description of apoptotic changes at chromosome, nuclear and DNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Ning
- Center for Developmental Biology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072
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Song YC, Hagen PO, Lightfoot FG, Taylor MJ, Smith AC, Brockbank KG. In vivo evaluation of the effects of a new ice-free cryopreservation process on autologous vascular grafts. J INVEST SURG 2000; 13:279-88. [PMID: 11071564 DOI: 10.1080/08941930050206300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Conventionally cryopreserved vascular grafts have performed poorly as arterial grafts. One possible mechanism that causes the poor function is the extracellular ice damage in tissue. We used a novel new ice-free cryopreservation (namely, vitrification) method for prevention of ice formation in cryopreserved venous grafts. This study was designed to evaluate the in vivo effects of the vitrification process on autologous vascular grafts using a short-term transplantation model and to examine the morphology and patency of vitrified grafts in correlation with control grafts. New Zealand White rabbits underwent a right common carotid interposition bypass graft. Fresh and vitrified reversed ipsilateral external jugular veins were used as autologous grafts. Animals were sacrificed at either 2 or 4 weeks after implantation, and fresh and vitrified vein grafts were harvested for histology studies. The results, comparing the patency of fresh and vitrified grafts, demonstrated similar short-term patency rates (approximately 90%). There were no signs of media disruption, aneurysm, or graft stenosis in vitrified vein grafts. Vitrification had not altered the pathophysiological cascade of events that occur when a vein graft is inserted into the arterial system. The vitrification process had no adverse effects locally or systemically in vivo. In addition, vitrification has preserved endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell integrity posttransplantation. In conclusion, this study, using an autologous animal model, clearly demonstrated a significant benefit of vitrification for preservation of graft function, and vitrification may be an acceptable approach for preservation of blood vessels or engineered tissue constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- Organ Recovery System, Inc., Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
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Abstract
Avoidance of ice formation during cooling can be achieved by vitrification, which is defined as solidification in an amorphous glassy state that obviates ice nucleation and growth. We show that a vitrification approach to storing vascular tissue results in markedly improved tissue function compared with a standard method involving freezing. The maximum contractions achieved in vitrified vessels were >80% of fresh matched controls with similar drug sensitivities, whereas frozen vessels exhibited maximal contractions below 30% of controls and concomitant decreases in drug sensitivity. In vivo studies of vitrified vessel segments in an autologous transplant model showed no adverse effects of vitreous cryopreservation compared with fresh tissue grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Song
- Organ Recovery Systems, Inc., 701 East Bay Street, Charleston SC 29403, USA
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Brockbank KG, Lightfoot FG, Song YC, Taylor MJ. Interstitial ice formation in cryopreserved homografts: a possible cause of tissue deterioration and calcification in vivo. J Heart Valve Dis 2000; 9:200-6. [PMID: 10772037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY Cryopreserved valve homografts often fail in infants. Controversies are ongoing concerning the relative contributions of cryopreservation variables, immune responses, cellular viability, and durability of the extracellular matrix to the mode of tissue failure. METHODS Tissues to be examined for patterns of ice crystal distribution were cryopreserved. Tissue water was substituted with methanol and the tissues cryopreserved conventionally using dimethylsulfoxide, after which they were warmed and processed for light or electron microscopy. Selected specimens were vitrified to prevent ice crystal formation, cryopreserved, and subsequently warmed and processed for light and electron microscopy. RESULTS Cryosubstitution of conventionally cryopreserved heart valves, while still frozen, demonstrated extensive extracellular ice formation, with smaller crystals in the ventricularis than in either the spongiosa or fibrosa. Extracellular ice formation was prevented by vitrification, a process in which the biological system is stabilized as an amorphous solid in the absence of crystalline ice. CONCLUSION It is proposed that the extensive ice formation observed in conventionally cryopreserved heart valves may cause extracellular matrix damage that predisposes the valves to calcification. Future studies will assess the above hypothesis by comparison of conventional and ice-free (vitrification) cryopreservation methods in animal models of calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Brockbank
- Organ Recovery Systems, Inc., Port City Center, Charleston, South Carolina 29403, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Brockbank
- Organ Recovery Systems, Charleston, South Carolina 29403, USA
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Ahn CB, Song YC, Park DJ. Adaptive template filtering for signal-to-noise ratio enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 1999; 18:549-559. [PMID: 10463132 DOI: 10.1109/42.781019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a local shape-adaptive template filtering is proposed for the enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) without the loss of resolution in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Unlike conventional filtering, where the template shape and coefficients are fixed, multiple templates are defined in the proposed algorithm. An optimal template is selected and optimal filtering, based on the template, is applied on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Using the proposed process, edge blurring is minimized and SNR enhancement is maximized by selecting the optimally matched template. Compared to existing two-dimensional (2-D) adaptive linear least square error (LLSE) filters or direction-adaptive recursive filters, the proposed adaptive template filter provides higher SNR and sharper edges for both MR and artificial resolution phantom images.
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Abstract
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examines the effects of clonidine (a centrally acting sympathoinhibitor) on ventricular arrhythmias in 35 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) by using the 24-h ambulatory electrocardiographic recording. After baseline examination and Holter recording, patients were balanced and 18 patients were randomized to clonidine group and 17 patients to placebo group. After four weeks of clonidine (given as a transdermal patch) or matching placebo therapy, a second Holter recording was obtained. The placebo group showed no change in the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias whereas the clonidine-treated group showed a significant decrease in the frequency of ventricular premature beats by 68% (P<0.01), couplets by 63% (P<0.01) and episodes of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia by 60% (P<0.05). Clonidine also decreased heart rate and arterial blood pressure, but left ventricular ejection fraction was slightly improved. It is concluded that sympathetic suppression with clonidine reduces the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with CHF, which suggests that sympathetic activation plays a role in arrhythmogenesis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing
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Ning XH, Xu CS, Song YC, Xiao Y, Hu YJ, Lupinetti FM, Portman MA. Temperature threshold and preservation of signaling for mitochondrial membrane proteins during ischemia in rabbit heart. Cryobiology 1998; 36:321-9. [PMID: 9654735 DOI: 10.1006/cryo.1998.2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Temperature modulates both myocardial energy requirements and production. We have previously demonstrated that myocardial protection induced by hypothermic adaptation preserves expression of genes regulating heat shock protein and the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins, the adenine nucleotide translocator isoform 1 (ANT1), and the beta subunit of F1-ATPase (beta F1-ATPase). This preservation is associated with a reduction in ATP depletion similar to that noted in cardioplegic arrested hearts preserved at a critical temperature (30 degrees C) or below. We tested the hypothesis that expression of these genes may also be subject to this temperature threshold phenomenon. Isolated perfused rabbit hearts were subjected to ischemic cardioplegic arrest at 4, 30, or 34 degrees C for 120 min. Cardiac function indices and steady-state mRNA levels for ANT1, beta F1-ATPase, and HSP70-1 were measured prior to ischemia (B) and after 45 min of reperfusion. Cardiac function was significantly depressed in the 34 degrees C group. Ischemia at 34 degrees C reduced steady-state mRNA levels for ANT1 and beta F1-ATPase from B, but these levels were similarly preserved at 4 and 30 degrees C. HSP70-1 levels were mildly elevated (fourfold) above B to similar levels at all three temperatures. These results indicate that mRNA expression for ANT1 and beta F1-ATPase is specifically preserved in a pattern consistent with the temperature threshold phenomenon. HSP70-1 expression is not influenced by ischemic temperature. Preservation of gene expression for these mitochondrial proteins implies that signaling for mitochondrial biogenesis or resynthesis is maintained after ischemic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Ning
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA
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Ning XH, Xu CS, Song YC, Xiao Y, Hu YJ, Lupinetti FM, Portman MA. Hypothermia preserves function and signaling for mitochondrial biogenesis during subsequent ischemia. Am J Physiol 1998; 274:H786-93. [PMID: 9530189 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1998.274.3.h786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypothermia is known to protect myocardium during ischemia, but its role in induction of a protective stress response before ischemia has not been evaluated. As cold incites stress responses in other tissues, including heat shock protein induction and signaling mitochondrial biogenesis, we postulated that hypothermia in perfused hearts would produce similar phenomena while reducing injury during subsequent ischemia. Studies were performed in isolated perfused rabbit hearts (n = 77): a control group (C) and a hypothermic group (H) subjected to decreasing infusate temperature from 37 to 31 degrees C over 20 min. Subsequent ischemia during cardioplegic arrest at 34 degrees C for 120 min was followed by reperfusion. At 15 min of reperfusion, recovery of left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum first derivative of left ventricular pressure (LV dP/dtmax), LV -dP/dtmax, and the product of heart rate and LVDP was significantly increased in H (P < 0.01) compared with C hearts. Ischemic contracture started later in H (97.5 +/- 3.6 min) than in C (67.3 +/- 3.3 min) hearts. Myocardial ATP preservation and repletion during ischemia and reperfusion were higher in H than in C hearts. mRNA levels of the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins adenine nucleotide translocase isoform 1 (ANT1) and beta-F1-adenosine-triphosphatase (beta-F1-ATPase) normalized to 28S RNA decreased in C hearts but were preserved in H hearts after reperfusion. Inducible heat shock protein (HSP70-1) mRNA was elevated nearly 4-fold after ischemia in C hearts and 12-fold in H hearts. These data indicate that hypothermia preserves myocardial function and ATP stores during subsequent ischemia and reperfusion. Signaling for mitochondrial biogenesis indexed by ANT1 and beta-F1-ATPase mRNA levels is also preserved during a marked increase in HSP70-1 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Ning
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA
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Ning XH, Xu CS, Song YC, Childs KF, Xiao Y, Bolling SF, Lupinetti FM, Portman MA. Temperature threshold and modulation of energy metabolism in the cardioplegic arrested rabbit heart. Cryobiology 1998; 36:2-11. [PMID: 9500928 DOI: 10.1006/cryo.1997.2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypothermia protects ischemic tissues by reducing ATP utilization and accumulation of harmful metabolites. However, it also reduces ATP production, which might cause deterioration in the energy supply/demand ratio. Modulation of energy supply/demand according to temperature has not been previously studied in detail. In this study, isolated, perfused rabbit hearts (n = 60) were used to determine the effects of various temperatures on myocardial energy metabolism and function during cardioplegic arrest. Ischemia was induced by crystalloid cardioplegic solution at 4, 18, 30, and 34 degrees C for 120 min, respectively. At each temperature, the hearts were divided into a glucose-treated group which contained 22 mM glucose in cardioplegic solution as the only substrate and a control group which contained 22 mM mannitol to keep same osmolarity. Following 15 min reperfusion, recovery of left ventricular developed pressure (DP), +/- dP/dtmax, and the product of heart rate and DP were significantly higher in 30, 18, and 4 degrees C groups than those in 34 degrees C control group. The functional recovery was also significantly higher in the 34 degrees C glucose-treated group than that in the 34 degrees C control group, but there was no difference between those groups at 30 degrees C and the temperature below 30 degrees C. Myocardial ATP concentration was significantly lower in 34 degrees C control group than those in other groups. There is a close relationship between myocardial ATP concentration and functional recovery (R2 = 0.90). The accumulations of lactate and CO2 were significantly higher at 34 degrees C in glucose-treated group than those in the control group. However, there was no significant difference between these two groups at 30 degrees C and the temperature below 30 degrees C. These results indicate that under these study conditions: (1) a marked decrease in energy supply/demand occurs above 30 degrees C, implying that a temperature threshold exists; and (2) this can be ameliorated by provision of glucose as substrate in cardioplegia solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Ning
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA
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