1
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Blasco B, Jang S, Terauchi H, Kobayashi N, Suzuki S, Akao Y, Ochida A, Morishita N, Takagi T, Nagamiya H, Suzuki Y, Watanabe T, Lee H, Lee S, Shum D, Cho A, Koh D, Park S, Lee H, Kim K, Ropponen HK, Augusto da Costa RM, Dunn S, Ghosh S, Sjö P, Piddock LJV. High-throughput screening of small-molecules libraries identified antibacterials against clinically relevant multidrug-resistant A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae. EBioMedicine 2024; 102:105073. [PMID: 38520916 PMCID: PMC10963893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current pipeline for new antibiotics fails to fully address the significant threat posed by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria that have been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global health priority. New antibacterials acting through novel mechanisms of action are urgently needed. We aimed to identify new chemical entities (NCEs) with activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii that could be developed into a new treatment for drug-resistant infections. METHODS We developed a high-throughput phenotypic screen and selection cascade for generation of hit compounds active against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii. We screened compound libraries selected from the proprietary collections of three pharmaceutical companies that had exited antibacterial drug discovery but continued to accumulate new compounds to their collection. Compounds from two out of three libraries were selected using "eNTRy rules" criteria associated with increased likelihood of intracellular accumulation in Escherichia coli. FINDINGS We identified 72 compounds with confirmed activity against K. pneumoniae and/or drug-resistant A. baumannii. Two new chemical series with activity against XDR A. baumannii were identified meeting our criteria of potency (EC50 ≤50 μM) and absence of cytotoxicity (HepG2 CC50 ≥100 μM and red blood cell lysis HC50 ≥100 μM). The activity of close analogues of the two chemical series was also determined against A. baumannii clinical isolates. INTERPRETATION This work provides proof of principle for the screening strategy developed to identify NCEs with antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant critical priority pathogens such as K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii. The screening and hit selection cascade established here provide an excellent foundation for further screening of new compound libraries to identify high quality starting points for new antibacterial lead generation projects. FUNDING BMBF and GARDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Blasco
- Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), 15 Chemin Camille-Vidart, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Soojin Jang
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hiroki Terauchi
- Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba Research Laboratories, 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Naoki Kobayashi
- Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba Research Laboratories, 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba Research Laboratories, 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Akao
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, 261, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ochida
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, 261, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Nao Morishita
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, 261, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Terufumi Takagi
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, 261, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagamiya
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, 261, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yamato Suzuki
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8710, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Watanabe
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8710, Japan
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sol Lee
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - David Shum
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ahreum Cho
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Dahae Koh
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Soonju Park
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Honggun Lee
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Kideok Kim
- Institut Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Henni-Karoliina Ropponen
- Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), 15 Chemin Camille-Vidart, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sunil Ghosh
- TCG Lifesciences Private Limited, Block BN, Plot 7, Salt Lake Electronics Complex, Sector V, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Peter Sjö
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, 15 Chemin Camille-Vidart, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura J V Piddock
- Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), 15 Chemin Camille-Vidart, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
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2
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Tawaraishi T, Ochida A, Akao Y, Itono S, Kamaura M, Akther T, Shimada M, Canan S, Chowdhury S, Cao Y, Condroski K, Engkvist O, Francisco A, Ghosh S, Kaki R, Kelly JM, Kimura C, Kogej T, Nagaoka K, Naito A, Pairaudeau G, Radu C, Roberts I, Shum D, Watanabe NA, Xie H, Yonezawa S, Yoshida O, Yoshida R, Mowbray C, Perry B. Collaborative Virtual Screening Identifies a 2-Aryl-4-aminoquinazoline Series with Efficacy in an In Vivo Model of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1221-1238. [PMID: 36607408 PMCID: PMC9884087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Probing multiple proprietary pharmaceutical libraries in parallel via virtual screening allowed rapid expansion of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) around hit compounds with moderate efficacy against Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas Disease. A potency-improving scaffold hop, followed by elaboration of the SAR via design guided by the output of the phenotypic virtual screening efforts, identified two promising hit compounds 54 and 85, which were profiled further in pharmacokinetic studies and in an in vivo model of T. cruzi infection. Compound 85 demonstrated clear reduction of parasitemia in the in vivo setting, confirming the interest in this series of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinazolines as potential anti-trypanosome treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Tawaraishi
- Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ochida
- Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Akao
- Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Sachiko Itono
- Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kamaura
- Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Thamina Akther
- Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuyuki Shimada
- Takeda
Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Stacie Canan
- Celgene
Corporation, Celgene Global Health, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Sanjoy Chowdhury
- TCG
Lifesciences, Plot No-7,
Salt Lake Electronics Complex, BN Block, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Yafeng Cao
- WuXi
AppTec Company Ltd., 666 Gaoxin Road, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kevin Condroski
- Celgene
Corporation, Celgene Global Health, 10300 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ola Engkvist
- AstraZeneca
Discovery Sciences, R&D, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 50 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Amanda Francisco
- London School
of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K.
| | - Sunil Ghosh
- TCG
Lifesciences, Plot No-7,
Salt Lake Electronics Complex, BN Block, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Rina Kaki
- Shionogi
& Co., Ltd, 3-1-1,
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - John M. Kelly
- London School
of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K.
| | - Chiaki Kimura
- Shionogi
& Co., Ltd, 3-1-1,
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Thierry Kogej
- AstraZeneca
Discovery Sciences, R&D, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 50 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kazuya Nagaoka
- Eisai
Co., Ltd, 1-3, Tokodai
5-chome, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Shionogi
& Co., Ltd, 3-1-1,
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Garry Pairaudeau
- AstraZeneca,
Discovery Sciences, R&D, The Darwin Building, 310 Milton Road, Milton, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K.
| | - Constantin Radu
- Institut
Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro
712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Ieuan Roberts
- AstraZeneca,
Discovery Sciences, R&D, The Darwin Building, 310 Milton Road, Milton, Cambridge CB4 0WG, U.K.
| | - David Shum
- Institut
Pasteur Korea, 16, Daewangpangyo-ro
712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Nao-aki Watanabe
- Eisai
Co., Ltd, 1-3, Tokodai
5-chome, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Huanxu Xie
- WuXi
AppTec Company Ltd., 666 Gaoxin Road, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430075, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuji Yonezawa
- Shionogi
& Co., Ltd, 3-1-1,
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Osamu Yoshida
- Shionogi
& Co., Ltd, 3-1-1,
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Ryu Yoshida
- Shionogi
& Co., Ltd, 3-1-1,
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Charles Mowbray
- Drugs for Neglected
Diseases Initiative, 15 Chemin Camille Vidart, Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Perry
- Drugs for Neglected
Diseases Initiative, 15 Chemin Camille Vidart, Geneva 1202, Switzerland,
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3
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Akao Y, Ochida A, Muranishi H, Nomura I, Ichikawa T. [Partnership Activity for Neglected Tropical Diseases]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:697-701. [PMID: 35781496 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Delivering new medicines to patients suffering from Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) is a major challenge. There are various hurdles to be overcome, such as the large number of patients in a large number of different regions, the lack of marketability, and resistance to medicines. Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (Takeda) is following a corporate mission of "striving towards better health for patients worldwide though leading innovation in medicine". These guiding principles lead to the values of Integrity, Fairness, Honesty and Perseverance that make up what we call "Takeda-ism". As part of its contribution to R&D for NTDs, Takeda collaborates with global Product Development Partnerships (PDPs). In this symposium, the "Drug Discovery Booster" project to accelerate and expand discovery of new drugs for Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease with Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) and other pharmaceutical companies is introduced. Proprietary compound libraries and the drug discovery expertise of various partners was applied to this new drug discovery approach. An overview of our research projects in malaria, tuberculosis, and NTD is also presented. In addition to these, Takeda's Access to Medicines (ATM) strategy and activities are introduced. Lastly, we discuss a new open innovation model which is accelerated by partnership with a variety of organizations and how Takeda achieves its sustainable development goal (SDG) targets.
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4
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Laleu B, Akao Y, Ochida A, Duffy S, Lucantoni L, Shackleford DM, Chen G, Katneni K, Chiu FCK, White KL, Chen X, Sturm A, Dechering KJ, Crespo B, Sanz LM, Wang B, Wittlin S, Charman SA, Avery VM, Cho N, Kamaura M. Discovery and Structure-Activity Relationships of Quinazolinone-2-carboxamide Derivatives as Novel Orally Efficacious Antimalarials. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12582-12602. [PMID: 34437804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A phenotypic high-throughput screen allowed discovery of quinazolinone-2-carboxamide derivatives as a novel antimalarial scaffold. Structure-activity relationship studies led to identification of a potent inhibitor 19f, 95-fold more potent than the original hit compound, active against laboratory-resistant strains of malaria. Profiling of 19f suggested a fast in vitro killing profile. In vivo activity in a murine model of human malaria in a dose-dependent manner constitutes a concomitant benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Laleu
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yuichiro Akao
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ochida
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery Biology, Griffith University, Brisbane Innovation Park, Don Young Road, Nathan 4111, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leonardo Lucantoni
- Discovery Biology, Griffith University, Brisbane Innovation Park, Don Young Road, Nathan 4111, Queensland, Australia
| | - David M Shackleford
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Gong Chen
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kasiram Katneni
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Francis C K Chiu
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Karen L White
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Xue Chen
- WuXi AppTec (Wuhan) Company Ltd., 666 Gaoxin Avenue, Donghu New Technology Development Area, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Angelika Sturm
- TropIQ Health Sciences, Transistorweg 5-C02, 6534 AT Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Koen J Dechering
- TropIQ Health Sciences, Transistorweg 5-C02, 6534 AT Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Benigno Crespo
- Global Health, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M Sanz
- Global Health, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Binglin Wang
- WuXi AppTec (Wuhan) Company Ltd., 666 Gaoxin Avenue, Donghu New Technology Development Area, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan A Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Discovery Biology, Griffith University, Brisbane Innovation Park, Don Young Road, Nathan 4111, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nobuo Cho
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kamaura
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
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5
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Okaniwa M, Shibata A, Ochida A, Akao Y, White KL, Shackleford DM, Duffy S, Lucantoni L, Dey S, Striepen J, Yeo T, Mok S, Aguiar ACC, Sturm A, Crespo B, Sanz LM, Churchyard A, Baum J, Pereira DB, Guido RVC, Dechering KJ, Wittlin S, Uhlemann AC, Fidock DA, Niles JC, Avery VM, Charman SA, Laleu B. Repositioning and Characterization of 1-(Pyridin-4-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one Derivatives as Plasmodium Cytoplasmic Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitors. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:1680-1689. [PMID: 33929818 PMCID: PMC8204304 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Prolyl-tRNA synthetase
(PRS) is a clinically validated antimalarial
target. Screening of a set of PRS ATP-site binders, initially designed
for human indications, led to identification of 1-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one
derivatives representing a novel antimalarial scaffold. Evidence designates
cytoplasmic PRS as the drug target. The frontrunner 1 and its active enantiomer 1-S exhibited low-double-digit nanomolar activity against resistant Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) laboratory strains
and development of liver schizonts. No cross-resistance with strains
resistant to other known antimalarials was noted. In addition, a similar
level of growth inhibition was observed against clinical field isolates
of Pf and P. vivax. The slow killing
profile and the relative high propensity to develop resistance in vitro (minimum inoculum resistance of 8 × 105 parasites at a selection pressure of 3 × IC50) constitute unfavorable features for treatment of malaria. However,
potent blood stage and antischizontal activity are compelling for
causal prophylaxis which does not require fast onset of action. Achieving
sufficient on-target selectivity appears to be particularly challenging
and should be the primary focus during the next steps of optimization
of this chemical series. Encouraging preliminary off-target profile
and oral efficacy in a humanized murine model of Pf malaria allowed us to conclude that 1-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one
derivatives represent a promising starting point for the identification
of novel antimalarial prophylactic agents that selectively target Plasmodium PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Okaniwa
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Akira Shibata
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ochida
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Akao
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Karen L. White
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David M. Shackleford
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery Biology, Griffith University, Brisbane Innovation Park, Don Young Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Leonardo Lucantoni
- Discovery Biology, Griffith University, Brisbane Innovation Park, Don Young Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Sumanta Dey
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Josefine Striepen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Tomas Yeo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Sachel Mok
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Anna Caroline C. Aguiar
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, São Carlos, São Paulo 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Angelika Sturm
- TropIQ Health Sciences, Transistorweg 5-C02, 6534 AT Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Benigno Crespo
- Global Health, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - Laura M. Sanz
- Global Health, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid 28760, Spain
| | - Alisje Churchyard
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jake Baum
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Dhelio B. Pereira
- Tropical Medicine Research Center of Rondonia, Av. Guaporé, 215, Porto Velho, Rondonia 76812-329, Brazil
| | - Rafael V. C. Guido
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, São Carlos, São Paulo 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Koen J. Dechering
- TropIQ Health Sciences, Transistorweg 5-C02, 6534 AT Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Catrin Uhlemann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - David A. Fidock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Jacquin C. Niles
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vicky M. Avery
- Discovery Biology, Griffith University, Brisbane Innovation Park, Don Young Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Benoît Laleu
- Medicines for Malaria Venture, ICC, Route de Pré-Bois 20, 1215 Geneva, Switzerland
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6
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Akao Y, Canan S, Cao Y, Condroski K, Engkvist O, Itono S, Kaki R, Kimura C, Kogej T, Nagaoka K, Naito A, Nakai H, Pairaudeau G, Radu C, Roberts I, Shimada M, Shum D, Watanabe NA, Xie H, Yonezawa S, Yoshida O, Yoshida R, Mowbray C, Perry B. Collaborative virtual screening to elaborate an imidazo[1,2- a]pyridine hit series for visceral leishmaniasis. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:384-393. [PMID: 34041487 PMCID: PMC8130605 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00353k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An innovative pre-competitive virtual screening collaboration was engaged to validate and subsequently explore an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine screening hit for visceral leishmaniasis. In silico probing of five proprietary pharmaceutical company libraries enabled rapid expansion of the hit chemotype, alleviating initial concerns about the core chemical structure while simultaneously improving antiparasitic activity and selectivity index relative to the background cell line. Subsequent hit optimization informed by the structure–activity relationship enabled by this virtual screening allowed thorough investigation of the pharmacophore, opening avenues for further improvement and optimization of the chemical series. Ligand-based similarity screening of proprietary pharmaceutical company libraries enables rapid hit to lead investigation of a chemotype with anti-leishmania activity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Akao
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome Fujisawa Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - Stacie Canan
- Celgene Corporation, Celgene Global Health 10300 Campus Point Drive San Diego California 92121 USA
| | - Yafeng Cao
- WuXi AppTec Company Ltd. 666 Gaoxin Road, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone Wuhan 430075 People's Republic of China
| | - Kevin Condroski
- Celgene Corporation, Celgene Global Health 10300 Campus Point Drive San Diego California 92121 USA
| | - Ola Engkvist
- AstraZeneca Discovery Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Sachiko Itono
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome Fujisawa Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - Rina Kaki
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd 3-1-1, Futaba-cho Toyonaka-shi Osaka Japan
| | - Chiaki Kimura
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd 3-1-1, Futaba-cho Toyonaka-shi Osaka Japan
| | - Thierry Kogej
- AstraZeneca Discovery Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Kazuya Nagaoka
- Eisai Co., Ltd 1-3,Tokodai 5-chome Tsukuba Ibaraki 300-2635 Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd 3-1-1, Futaba-cho Toyonaka-shi Osaka Japan
| | - Hiromi Nakai
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd 3-1-1, Futaba-cho Toyonaka-shi Osaka Japan
| | | | - Constantin Radu
- Institut Pasteur Korea 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13488 Republic of Korea
| | - Ieuan Roberts
- AstraZeneca, Discovery Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca Cambridge UK
| | - Mitsuyuki Shimada
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-chrome Fujisawa Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - David Shum
- Institut Pasteur Korea 16, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 beon-gil, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13488 Republic of Korea
| | - Nao-Aki Watanabe
- Eisai Co., Ltd 1-3,Tokodai 5-chome Tsukuba Ibaraki 300-2635 Japan
| | - Huanxu Xie
- WuXi AppTec Company Ltd. 666 Gaoxin Road, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone Wuhan 430075 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuji Yonezawa
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd 3-1-1, Futaba-cho Toyonaka-shi Osaka Japan
| | - Osamu Yoshida
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd 3-1-1, Futaba-cho Toyonaka-shi Osaka Japan
| | - Ryu Yoshida
- Shionogi & Co., Ltd 3-1-1, Futaba-cho Toyonaka-shi Osaka Japan
| | - Charles Mowbray
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative 15 Chemin Louis Dunant Geneva 1202 Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Perry
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative 15 Chemin Louis Dunant Geneva 1202 Switzerland
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7
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Buckner FS, Ranade RM, Gillespie JR, Shibata S, Hulverson MA, Zhang Z, Huang W, Choi R, Verlinde CLMJ, Hol WGJ, Ochida A, Akao Y, Choy RKM, Van Voorhis WC, Arnold SLM, Jumani RS, Huston CD, Fan E. Optimization of Methionyl tRNA-Synthetase Inhibitors for Treatment of Cryptosporidium Infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:e02061-18. [PMID: 30745384 PMCID: PMC6437504 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02061-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis is one of the leading causes of moderate to severe diarrhea in children in low-resource settings. The therapeutic options for cryptosporidiosis are limited to one drug, nitazoxanide, which unfortunately has poor activity in the most needy populations of malnourished children and HIV-infected persons. We describe here the discovery and early optimization of a class of imidazopyridine-containing compounds with potential for treating Cryptosporidium infections. The compounds target the Cryptosporidium methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS), an enzyme that is essential for protein synthesis. The most potent compounds inhibited the enzyme with Ki values in the low picomolar range. Cryptosporidium cells in culture were potently inhibited with 50% effective concentrations as low as 7 nM and >1,000-fold selectivity over mammalian cells. A parasite persistence assay indicates that the compounds act by a parasiticidal mechanism. Several compounds were demonstrated to control infection in two murine models of cryptosporidiosis without evidence of toxicity. Pharmacological and physicochemical characteristics of compounds were investigated to determine properties that were associated with higher efficacy. The results indicate that MetRS inhibitors are excellent candidates for development for anticryptosporidiosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ranae M Ranade
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - J Robert Gillespie
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sayaka Shibata
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Zhongsheng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Wenlin Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ryan Choi
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Wim G J Hol
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Robert K M Choy
- Drug Development Program, PATH, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Sam L M Arnold
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rajiv S Jumani
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | | | - Erkang Fan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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8
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Noguchi S, Kumazaki M, Mori T, Baba K, Okuda M, Mizuno T, Akao Y. Cover Image, Volume 14, Issue 4. Vet Comp Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Noguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapeutics; Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - M. Kumazaki
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - T. Mori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology; Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - K. Baba
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine; Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamagushi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - M. Okuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine; Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamagushi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - T. Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapeutics; Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Y. Akao
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
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9
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Noguchi S, Kumazaki M, Mori T, Baba K, Okuda M, Mizuno T, Akao Y. Analysis of microRNA-203 function in CREB/MITF/RAB27a pathway: comparison between canine and human melanoma cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2014; 14:384-394. [PMID: 25280339 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-203 is downregulated and acts as an anti-oncomir in melanoma cells. Here, using human and canine melanoma cells, we elucidated the effects of miR-203 on cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB)/microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF)/RAB27a pathway, which is known to be important for the development and progression of human melanoma. In this study, we showed that miR-203 directly targeted CREB1 and regulated its downstream targets, MITF and RAB27a. miR-203 significantly suppressed the growth of human and canine melanoma cells and inhibited melanosome transport through the suppression of the signalling pathway. In conclusion, miR-203 was shown to be a common tumour-suppressive miRNA in human and canine melanoma and thus to play a crucial role in the biological mechanisms of melanoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Noguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapeutics, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - M Kumazaki
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Mori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - K Baba
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamagushi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - M Okuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamagushi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - T Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapeutics, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Y Akao
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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10
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Noguchi S, Mori T, Hoshino Y, Yamada N, Maruo K, Akao Y. MicroRNAs as tumour suppressors in canine and human melanoma cells and as a prognostic factor in canine melanomas. Vet Comp Oncol 2013; 11:113-23. [PMID: 23638671 DOI: 10.1002/vco.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is one of the most aggressive cancers in dogs and in humans. However, the molecular mechanisms of its development and progression remain unclear. Presently, we examined the expression profile of microRNAs (miRs) in canine oral MM tissues and paired normal oral mucosa tissues by using the microRNA-microarray assay and quantitative RT-PCR. Importantly, a decreased expression of miR-203 was significantly associated with a shorter survival time. Also, miR-203 and -205 were markedly down-regulated in canine and human MM cell lines tested. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of miR-205 had a significant inhibitory effect on the cell growth of canine and human melanoma cells tested by targeting erbb3. Our data suggest that miR-203 is a new prognostic factor in canine oral MMs and that miR-205 functions as a tumour suppressor by targeting erbb3 in both canine and human MM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Noguchi
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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11
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Higashi K, Yamada Y, Baba S, Minatoguchi S, Aoyama T, Nishigaki K, Takemura G, Akao Y, Minatoguchi S. Post-infarct treatment with microRNA145 reduces myocardial infarct size through acceleration of myocyte autophagy in rabbits. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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12
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Abstract
Fascin-1 expression was examined in 9 cutaneous melanocytomas and 47 oral melanomas. The cases were scored on the basis of extent and intensity of staining, and combined scores were calculated. Fascin-1 expression was observed in 5/9 (56%) melanocytomas and 46/47 (98%) melanomas. The combined score for fascin-1 was significantly greater in stage III/IV melanomas than in stage I/II melanomas (P < 0.05). In addition, strong fascin-1 staining was associated with a significantly shortened survival time (P < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that fascin-1 overexpression correlates with the malignancy of canine melanoma and has the potential to be a new immunohistochemical marker to predict the clinical course of canine melanoma. In addition, targeted therapy for fascin-1 may represent a new strategy for the treatment of canine melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yamada
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
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13
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Noguchi S, Mori T, Hoshino Y, Yamada N, Maruo K, Akao Y. MicroRNAs as tumour suppressors in canine and human melanoma cells and as a prognostic factor in canine melanomas. Vet Comp Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2011.00306.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Noguchi
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - T. Mori
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Oncology; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- Comparative Cancer Center; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - Y. Hoshino
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Oncology; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- Comparative Cancer Center; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - N. Yamada
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - K. Maruo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Oncology; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- Comparative Cancer Center; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - Y. Akao
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
- Comparative Cancer Center; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
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14
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Abstract
BACKGROUND SIRT1, an NAD(+) -dependent histone/protein deacetylase, controls a broad range of cellular functions. OBJECTIVES We examined if SIRT1 is involved in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in human dermal fibroblasts. METHODS We studied the effect of inhibition of SIRT1 by specific inhibitor and small interfering RNA (siRNA) on MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression in human dermal fibroblasts. RESULTS Treatment with a potent and selective inhibitor of SIRT1, EX-527, increased the basal expression levels of MMP-1 and MMP-3 proteins. Knockdown of endogenous SIRT1 by siRNA led to increased expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 at both mRNA and protein levels. SIRT1 knockdown also upregulated MMP protein induction caused by an inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-1β. Moreover, treatment with a SIRT1 activator, resveratrol, significantly suppressed IL-1β-mediated induction of MMP-1, which was attenuated by pretreatment with EX-527. Finally, MMP-1 promoter activity was increased by EX-527 in cells treated with or without IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that SIRT1 exerts a negative regulatory role in the production of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in human dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ohguchi
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, 1-1 Naka-Fudogaoka, Kakamigahara, Gifu 504-0838, Japan.
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15
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Akao Y, Nakagawa Y, Hirata I, Iio A, Itoh T, Kojima K, Nakashima R, Kitade Y, Naoe T. Role of anti-oncomirs miR-143 and -145 in human colorectal tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2010; 17:398-408. [PMID: 20094072 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2009.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We examined the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs (miRs)) in colorectal tumors (63 cancer specimens and 65 adenoma specimens) and paired non-tumorous tissues. Decreased expression of miR-143 and -145 was frequently observed in the adenomas and cancers tested, compared with miR-34a downregulation and miR-21 upregulation. Expression profiles of miR-143 and -145 were not associated with any clinical features. As the downregulation of miR-143 and -145 was observed even in the early phase of adenoma formation, the decreased expression of both miRs would appear to contribute mainly to the initiation step of tumorigenesis, not to the progression stage, and not to clinical prognostic factors. For clinical application, we changed the sequences of the passenger strand in the miR-143 duplex and performed chemical modification at the 3'-overhang portion of miR-143, leading to greater activity and stability to nuclease. The cell growth inhibitory effect of the chemically modified synthetic miR-143 in vitro was greater than that of endogenous miR-143. The miR-143 showed a significant tumor-suppressive effect on xenografted tumors of DLD-1 human colorectal cancer cells. These findings suggest that miR-143 and -145 are important onco-related genes for the initiation step of colorectal tumor development and that the chemically modified synthetic miR-143 may be a hopeful candidate as an RNA medicine for the treatment of colorectal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan.
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16
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Yi H, Akao Y, Yamaoka Y, Shamoto-Nagai M. Neuroprotection by propargylamines in Parkinson's disease: intracellular mechanism underlying the anti-apoptotic function and search for clinical markers. J Neural Transm Suppl 2007:121-131. [PMID: 17982885 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-73574-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases, a therapeutic strategy has been proposed to halt progressive cell death. Propargylamine derivatives, rasagiline and (-)deprenyl (selegiline), have been confirmed to protect neurons against cell death induced by various insults in cellular and animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. In this paper, the mechanism and the markers of the neuroprotection are reviewed. Propargylamines prevent the mitochondrial permeabilization, membrane potential decline, cytochrome c release, caspase activation and nuclear translocation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. At the same time, rasagiline induces anti-apoptotic pro-survival proteins, Bcl-2 and glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor, which is mediated by activated ERK-NF-kappaB signal pathway. DNA array studies indicate that rasagiline increases the expression of the genes coding mitochondrial energy synthesis, inhibitors of apoptosis, transcription factors, kinases and ubiquitin-proteasome system, sequentially in a time-dependent way. Products of cell survival-related gene induced by propargylamines may be applied as markers of neuroprotection in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naoi
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan.
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17
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Akao Y, Yi H, Yamaoka Y. Involvement of type A monoamine oxidase in neurodegeneration: regulation of mitochondrial signaling leading to cell death or neuroprotection. J Neural Transm Suppl 2006:67-77. [PMID: 17447417 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-33328-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, apoptosis is a common type of cell death, and mitochondria emerge as the major organelle to initiate death cascade. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the mitochondrial outer membrane produces hydrogen peroxide by oxidation of monoamine substrates, and induces oxidative stress resulting in neuronal degeneration. On the other hand, a series of inhibitors of type B MAO (MAO-B) protect neurons from cell death. These results suggest that MAO may be involved in the cell death process initiated in mitochondria. However, the direct involvement of MAO in the apoptotic signaling has been scarcely reported. In this paper, we present our recent results on the role of MAO in activating and regulating cell death processing in mitochondria. Type A MAO (MAO-A) was found to bind an endogenous dopaminergic neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol, and induce apoptosis in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells containing only MAO-A. To examine the intervention of MAO-B in apoptotic process, human MAO-B cDNA was transfected to SH-SY5Y cells, but the sensitivity to N-methyl(R)salsolinol was not affected, even though the activity and protein of MAO-B were expressed markedly. MAO-B oxidized dopamine with production of hydrogen peroxide, whereas in control cells expressing only MAO-A, dopamine autoxidation produced superoxide and dopamine-quinone, and induced mitochondrial permeability transition and apoptosis. Rasagiline and other MAO-B inhibitors prevent the activation of apoptotic cascade and induce prosurvival genes, such as bcl-2 and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, in MAO-A-containing cells. These results demonstrate a novel function of MAO-A in the induction and regulation of apoptosis. Future studies will clarify more detailed mechanism behind regulation of mitochondrial death signaling by MAO-A, and bring out new strategies to cure or ameliorate the decline of neurons in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naoi
- Department of Neurosciences, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan.
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18
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Sobue S, Iwasaki T, Sugisaki C, Nagata K, Kikuchi R, Murakami M, Takagi A, Kojima T, Banno Y, Akao Y, Nozawa Y, Kannagi R, Suzuki M, Abe A, Naoe T, Murate T. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of sphingolipid metabolic enzymes in acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2006; 20:2042-6. [PMID: 16990773 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M, Akao Y, Riederer P, Naoi M. The effect of neuromelanin on the proteasome activity in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. J Neural Transm Suppl 2006:125-32. [PMID: 17017519 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-45295-0_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), the selective depletion of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, particular those containing neuromelanin (NM), is the characteristic pathological feature. The role of NM in the cell death of dopamine neurons has been considered either to be neurotoxic or neuroprotective, but the precise mechanism has never been elucidated. In human brain, NM is synthesized by polymerization of dopamine and relating quinones, to which bind heavy metals including iron. The effects of NM prepared from human brain were examined using human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. It was found that NM inhibits 26S proteasome activity through generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species from mitochondria. The mitochondrial dysfunction was also induced by oxidative stress mediated by iron released from NM. NM accumulated in dopamine neurons in ageing may determine the selective vulnerability of dopamine neurons in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Maruyama
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
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20
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Shamoto-Nagai M, Maruyama W, Yi H, Akao Y, Tribl F, Gerlach M, Osawa T, Riederer P, Naoi M. Neuromelanin induces oxidative stress in mitochondria through release of iron: mechanism behind the inhibition of 26S proteasome. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:633-44. [PMID: 16362626 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2005] [Accepted: 10/20/2005] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by the selective depletion of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, particular those containing neuromelanin. Involvement of neuromelanin in the pathogenesis may be either cytotoxic or protective. Recently we found that neuromelanin reduces the activity of 26S proteasome. In this paper, the detailed mechanisms behind the reduced activity were studied using neuromelanin isolated from the human brain. Neuromelanin increased the oxidative stress, but synthetic melanin did not. Superoxide dismutase and deferoxamine completely suppressed the increase, indicating that superoxide produced by an iron-mediated reaction plays a central role. Iron was shown to reduce in situ 26S proteasome activity in SH-SY5Y cells and the reduction was protected by antioxidants. These results suggest that iron released from neuromelanin increases oxidative stress in mitochondria, and then causes mitochondrial dysfunction and reduces proteasome function. The role of neuromelanin is discussed in relation to the selective vulnerability of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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21
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Matsumoto K, Akao Y, Yi H, Shamoto-Nagai M, Maruyama W, Naoi M. Overexpression of amyloid precursor protein induces susceptibility to oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:125-35. [PMID: 15959846 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2004] [Accepted: 04/09/2005] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) produced from amyloid precursor protein (APP) is considered to induce cell death. To clarify the molecular mechanism underlying Abeta neurotoxicity, we established the cell line overexpressing wild or mutant (His684Arg) APP in human SH-SY5Y cells. This paper presents that overexpression of wild-APP in the cells (SH/w-APP) increased the levels of APP and Abeta(1-40) but not Abeta(1-42), and reduced Bcl-2 level and proteasome activity with increased susceptibility to oxidative stress. The intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species in SH/w-APP increased significantly by H(2)O(2) treatment. The level of Bcl-2 protein, but not mRNA, was markedly decreased in SH/w-APP cells, which was inversely correlated with APP expression among subcloned SH/w-APP cells. These results indicate that increased expression of wild type APP renders neuronal cells more vulnerable to oxidative stress leading to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Matsumoto
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan
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22
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Yi H, Maruyama W, Akao Y, Takahashi T, Iwasa K, Youdim MBH, Naoi M. N-Propargylamine protects SH-SY5Y cells from apoptosis induced by an endogenous neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol, through stabilization of mitochondrial membrane and induction of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 113:21-32. [PMID: 15843867 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-005-0299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2005] [Accepted: 02/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Propargylamine derivatives, rasagiline and (-)deprenyl, are anti-Parkinson agents and protect neurons from cell death as shown by in vivo and in vitro experiments. The studies on the chemical structure-activity relationship proved that the propargyl moiety is essentially required for the neuroprotective function. In this paper, neuroprotective activity of free N-propargylamine was studied using SH-SY5Y cells expressing only type A monoamine oxidase (MAO) against apoptosis induced by an endogenous dopaminergic neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol. N-Propargylamine prevented apoptosis, whereas N-methylpropargylamine and propiolaldehyde did not. N-Propargylamine stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential and induced anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 at 1 microM-10 nM. N-Propargylamine inhibited MAO-A in competition to substrate with the apparent K(i) value of 28 microM, which was significantly higher than the concentration required for neuroprotection. It indicates that MAO inhibition is not prerequisite for the protective function of N-propargylamine. The anti-apoptotic function of N-propargylamine is discussed in terms of neuroprotection by propargylamines in neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yi
- Department of Neurosciences, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan
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23
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Shamoto-Nagai M, Maruyama W, Akao Y, Osawa T, Tribl F, Gerlach M, Zucca FA, Zecca L, Riederer P, Naoi M. Neuromelanin inhibits enzymatic activity of 26S proteasome in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2004; 111:1253-65. [PMID: 15480837 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-004-0211-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is suggested to be responsible for the neuronal death in ageing and Parkinson's disease. The specific degeneration of dopamine neurons containing neuromelanin (NM) suggests that NM itself may be involved in the cellular dysfunction and death, even though the direct link has never been reported. We examined the effects of NM isolated from the human substantia nigra on the proteasome activity in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. NM reduced the activities of 26S proteasome, as shown in situ using a green fluorescent protein homologue targeted to 26S proteasome and also in vitro using ubiquitinated lysozyme as a substrate. However, NM did not affect 20S proteasome activity in vitro. NM reduced the amount of PA700 regulatory subunit of 26S proteasome, but did not affect that of alpha- and beta-subunits of 20S proteasome. These results suggest that NM may inhibit the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system, and determine the selective vulnerability of dopamine neurons in ageing and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shamoto-Nagai
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Mechanism of Ageing, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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24
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Matsui T, Hogetsu K, Akao Y, Sato T, Kumasaka T, Tanaka N. Structural study of a tumor-associated human DEAD-box RNA helicase, rck/p54. Acta Crystallogr A 2004. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767304097028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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25
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Miyaji K, Nakagawa Y, Matsumoto K, Yoshida H, Morikawa H, Hongou Y, Arisaka Y, Kojima H, Inoue T, Hirata I, Katsu K, Akao Y. Overexpression of a DEAD box/RNA helicase protein, rck/p54, in human hepatocytes from patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis and its implication in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. J Viral Hepat 2003; 10:241-8. [PMID: 12823589 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.2003.00447.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common cause of chronic hepatitis, which frequently progresses to hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathogenesis of its persistent infection and tumour progression has not been fully characterized yet. The RCK gene was previously cloned at the breakpoint of the t(11;14)(q23;q32) chromosome translocation observed in human B-cell lymphoma cell line RC-K8. The RCK protein, rck/p54, which is a 54-kDa cytoplasmic protein belonging to the DEAD box/RNA helicase family, is considered to facilitate the translation of mRNA(s) of genes for cell proliferation and malignant transformation not only in B-cell lymphomas having the t(11;14) translocation but also in other solid tumours. The aim of this work was to examine the involvement of rck/p54 in carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma from HCV-related chronic hepatitis. We examined the expression of rck/p54 in 29 cases of HCV-related chronic hepatitis and eight cases of hepatocellular carcinoma by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Twenty-six of 29 cases with HCV-related chronic hepatitis and all cases with hepatocellular carcinoma tested overexpressed rck/p54 protein. The expression of rck/p54 was lowered by treatment with IFN-alpha in two cases who showed the decrease in HCV RNA levels. These findings suggest that rck/p54 protein is possibly involved in the replication of HCV genomes in hepatocytes and in tumourigenesis of hepatocellular carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyaji
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Luo JM, Yoshida H, Komura S, Ohishi N, Pan L, Shigeno K, Hanamura I, Miura K, Iida S, Ueda R, Naoe T, Akao Y, Ohno R, Ohnishi K. Possible dominant-negative mutation of the SHIP gene in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2003; 17:1-8. [PMID: 12529653 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2002] [Accepted: 07/02/2002] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The SH2 domain-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase (SHIP) is crucial in hematopoietic development. To evaluate the possible tumor suppressor role of the SHIP gene in myeloid leukemogenesis, we examined primary leukemia cells from 30 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, together with eight myeloid leukemia cell lines. A somatic mutation at codon 684, replacing Val with Glu, was detected in one patient, lying within the signature motif 2, which is the phosphatase active site. The results of an in vitro inositol 5'-phosphatase assay revealed that the mutation reduced catalytic activity of SHIP. Leukemia cells with the mutation showed enhanced Akt phosphorylation following IL-3 stimulation. K562 cells transfected with the mutated SHIP-V684E cDNA showed a growth advantage even at lower serum concentrations and resistance to apoptosis induced by serum deprivation and exposure to etoposide. These results suggest a possible role of the mutated SHIP gene in the development of acute leukemia and chemotherapy resistance through the deregulation of the phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3)/Akt signaling pathway. This is the first report of a mutation in the SHIP gene in any given human cancer, and indicates the need for more attention to be paid to this gene with respect to cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Luo
- Department of Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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27
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Akao Y, Yi H. Mitochondria determine the survival and death in apoptosis by an endogenous neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol, and neuroprotection by propargylamines. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2002; 109:607-21. [PMID: 12111453 DOI: 10.1007/s007020200050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, selective neuronal death characterizes clinical signs and symptoms. Recently apoptosis was reported to be a common type of cell death in some disorders, and well-controlled apoptotic cascade is proposed to be a target of neuroprotective therapy. In our studies to find endogenous neurotoxins as a pathogenic factor in Parkinson's disease, dopamine-derived N-methyl(R)salsolinol was found to induce apoptosis in dopamine neurons of rat models of Parkinson's disease. In human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells, apoptosis was initiated by decline in mitochondrial membrane potential, and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein regulated apoptotic signal transduction. In addition, a series of propargylamines were found to prevent apoptosis through stabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential, which also involved Bcl-2. The role of mitochondria and the involvement of Bcl-2 in apoptosis and neuroprotection were clearly demonstrated using isolated mitochondria. These results indicate that mitochondria are the site to determine the cell death induced by neurotoxins and also the neuroprotection by anti-apoptotic propargylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naoi
- Department of Brain Sciences, Institute of Applied Biochemistry, Mitake, Gifu, Japan.
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28
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Nakao K, Otsuki Y, Akao Y, Ito Y, Marukawa O, Tachibana S, Kawakami M, Sasaki S. The synergistic effects of hyperthermia and anticancer drugs on induction of apoptosis. Med Electron Microsc 2002; 33:44-50. [PMID: 11810457 DOI: 10.1007/s007950000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2000] [Accepted: 06/01/2000] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied the synergistic effects of hyperthermia and anticancer drugs on induction of apoptosis in lung cancer cells (LK-2 and LU-65A) using in situ end-labeling of DNA, the DNA fragmentation assay, and transmission electron microscopy. A few apoptotic cells were detected only when both cell lines were heated at relatively high temperature (44 degrees C). Moderate numbers of apoptotic cells were observed when both cell lines were incubated with high concentrations (30 or 40 microM) of anticancer drug. Compared with hyperthermia or anticancer drug alone, the combined treatment induced many apoptotic cells in both cell lines, even in the cells treated with lower concentrations (6 or 8 microM) of anticancer drugs following mild hyperthermia (43 degrees C). In regard to kinetics of apoptotic cells induced by treatment, the maximum induction of apoptosis by the combined treatment was higher than that of hyperthermia or anticancer drug alone in both cell lines, although the time of the peak of apoptotic index differed among the three treatments. Therefore, "hyperthermo-chemotherapy" may reduce the required dosage of anticancer drug and decrease the temperature of hyperthermia on induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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29
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Hashimoto K, Nakagawa Y, Morikawa H, Niki M, Egashira Y, Hirata I, Katsu K, Akao Y. Co-overexpression of DEAD box protein rck/p54 and c-myc protein in human colorectal adenomas and the relevance of their expression in cultured cell lines. Carcinogenesis 2001; 22:1965-70. [PMID: 11751426 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/22.12.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The RCK gene was cloned through a study of the breakpoint of the t(11;14)(q23;q32) chromosomal translocation observed in a human B-cell lymphoma and overexpression of the protein (rck/p54) due to the translocation was shown to be associated with malignant transformation. The rck/p54 protein belongs to the DEAD box protein/RNA helicase family, which has a variety of functions such as translation initiation, pre-mRNA splicing and ribosome assembly. It is considered that rck/p54 protein may have significant effects on the mRNA structure of genes associated with cell proliferation, facilitating protein synthesis. Expression of rck/p54 in colorectal adenomas, which are a premalignant lesion of colorectal cancer, was examined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The rck/p54 protein was found to be overexpressed in tumor tissues resected from 17 of 26 cases (65.4%) of colorectal adenomas and 13 of 14 c-myc-positive cases (92.8%) also co-overexpressed rck/p54 protein. Thus, a significant correlation between rck/p54 and c-myc co-overexpression was found (Spearman's rank correlation, P = 0.0018). We demonstrate that overexpression of rck/p54 in two different cell lines, COS 7 and human colorectal cancer cell line SW480, caused an increase in c-myc protein levels by enhancement of its translation efficiency and/or stabilization of its mRNA. These results suggest that rck/p54 of the DEAD box protein/RNA helicase family may contribute to cell proliferation and carcinogenesis in the development of human colorectal tumors at the translational level by increasing synthesis of c-myc protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hashimoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Daigaku-cho, Takatuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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30
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Banno Y, Takuwa Y, Akao Y, Okamoto H, Osawa Y, Naganawa T, Nakashima S, Suh PG, Nozawa Y. Involvement of phospholipase D in sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing EDG3. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:35622-8. [PMID: 11468290 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m105673200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and Akt are known to be involved in cellular signaling related to proliferation and cell survival. In this report, we provide evidence that PLD links sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)-induced activation of the G protein-coupled EDG3 receptor to stimulation of PI3K and its downstream effector Akt in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. S1P stimulation of EDG3-overexpressing CHO cells but not vector-transfected cells induced activation of PLD, PI3K, and Akt in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Akt phosphorylation was prevented by the PI3K inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002 (2-(4-monrpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one), indicating that Akt activation was dependent on PI3K. S1P-induced activation of PI3K and Akt was abrogated by 1-butanol, which inhibited S1P-induced accumulation of phosphatidic acid by serving as a phosphatidyl group acceptor in the transphosphatidylation reaction catalyzed by PLD, whereas both PI3K and Akt activation were not inhibited by 2-butanol without such reaction. Co-expression of wild-type PLD2 with myc-Akt resulted in increased Akt activation in response to S1P. In contrast, co-expression of a catalytically inactive mutant of PLD2 eliminated the S1P-induced Akt activation. The treatment of EDG3-expressing CHO cells with exogenous Streptomyces chromofuscus PLD, which caused an accumulation of phosphatidic acid, resulted in increases in PI3K activity and the phosphorylation of Akt, the latter of which was completely abolished by LY294002. Furthermore, S1P-induced membrane ruffling, which was dependent on PI3K and Rac, was inhibited by 1-butanol, but not by 2-butanol. These results demonstrate that PLD participates in the activation of PI3K and Akt stimulation of EDG3 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Banno
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu 500-8705, Japan.
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31
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Maruyama W, Akao Y, Youdim MB, Davis BA, Naoi M. Transfection-enforced Bcl-2 overexpression and an anti-Parkinson drug, rasagiline, prevent nuclear accumulation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase induced by an endogenous dopaminergic neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol. J Neurochem 2001; 78:727-35. [PMID: 11520893 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00448.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An endogenous dopaminergic neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol, was found to induce apoptosis in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells by step-wise activation of apoptotic cascade; collapse in mitochondrial membrane potential, DeltaPsim, activation of caspases, and fragmentation of DNA. Recently, accumulation of gylceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in nuclei was proposed to play an important role in apoptosis. In this paper, involvement of GAPDH in apoptosis induced by N-methyl(R)salsolinol was studied. The isoquinoline reduced DeltaPsim within 3 h, as detected by a fluorescence indicator, JC-1, then after 16 h incubation, GAPDH accumulated in nuclei by detection with immunostaining. To clarify the role of GAPDH in apoptotic process, a stable cell line of Bcl-2 overexpressed SH-SY5Y cells was established. Overexpression of Bcl-2 prevented the decline in DeltaPsim and also apoptotic DNA damage induced by N-methyl(R)salsolinol. In Bcl-2 transfected cells, nuclear translocation of GAPDH was also completely suppressed. In addition, a novel antiparkinsonian drug, rasagiline, prevented nuclear accumulation of GAPDH induced by N-methyl(R)salsolinol in control cells. These results suggest that GAPDH may accumulate in nuclei as a consequence of signal transduction, which is antagonized by anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family and rasagiline. The results are discussed in concern to intracellular mechanism underlying anti-apoptotic function of rasagiline analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Maruyama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of Basic Gerontology, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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32
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Murate T, Banno Y, T-Koizumi K, Watanabe K, Mori N, Wada A, Igarashi Y, Takagi A, Kojima T, Asano H, Akao Y, Yoshida S, Saito H, Nozawa Y. Cell type-specific localization of sphingosine kinase 1a in human tissues. J Histochem Cytochem 2001; 49:845-55. [PMID: 11410609 DOI: 10.1177/002215540104900705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell type-specific localization of sphingosine kinase 1a (SPHK1a) in tissues was analyzed with a rabbit polyclonal antibody against the 16 C-terminal amino acids derived from the recently reported mouse cDNA sequence of SPHK1a. This antibody (anti-SPHK1a antibody) can react specifically with SPHK1a of mouse, rat, and human tissues. Utilizing its crossreactivity to human SPHK1a, the cell-specific localization of SPHK1a in human tissues was histochemically examined. Strong positive staining for SPHK1a was observed in the white matter in the cerebrum and cerebellum, the red nucleus and cerebral peduncle in the midbrain, the uriniferous tubules in the kidney, the endothelial cells in vessels of various organs, and in megakaryocytes and platelets. The lining cells of sinusoids in the liver and splenic cords in the spleen showed moderate staining. Columnar epithelia in the intestine and Leydig's cells in the testis showed weak staining patterns. In addition, TPA-treated HEL cells, a human leukemia cell line, showed a megakaryocytic phenotype accompanied with increases in immunostaining of both SPHK1a and SPHK enzyme activity, suggesting that SPHK1a may be a novel marker of megakaryocytic differentiation and that this antibody is also useful for in vitro study of differentiation models.(J Histochem Cytochem 49:845-855, 2001)
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Affiliation(s)
- T Murate
- Nagoya University School of Health Science, Nagoya, Japan.
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33
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Maruyama W, Akao Y, Youdim MB, Naoi M. Neurotoxins induce apoptosis in dopamine neurons: protection by N-propargylamine-1(R)- and (S)-aminoindan, rasagiline and TV1022. J Neural Transm Suppl 2001:171-86. [PMID: 11205138 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6301-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease, apoptosis was proposed to cause cell death in nigral dopamine neurons. An endogenous dopaminergic neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol, stereo-selectively induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In this paper the intracellular mechanism of apoptosis was studied using N-methyl(R)salsolinol, 6-hydroxydopamine and peroxynitrite as inducers of apoptosis. Apoptotic cascade was initiated by opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, as shown by collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, deltapsim. Apoptosis was executed by caspase 3 activation, followed by DNA fragmentation, which was antagonized by overexpressed Bcl-2. Propargylamines were found to protect the cells from apoptosis, and rasagiline, a selective irreversible inhibitor of type B monoamine oxidase was the most potent to prevent the cell death. Rasagiline preserved deltapsim, which was proved also in isolated mitochondria, and rasagiline completely suppressed the activation of caspases and DNA fragmentation. These results suggest that mitochondria regulate apoptotic process, which may be a target of neuroprotection by rasagiline.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Maruyama
- Department of Basic Gerontology, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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34
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Takahashi T, Akao Y, Nakagawa Y. Involvement of endogenous N-methyl(R)salsolinol in Parkinson's disease: induction of apoptosis and protection by (-)deprenyl. J Neural Transm Suppl 2001:111-21. [PMID: 11128601 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6284-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
An endogenous dopamine-derived N-methyl(R)salsolinol has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. In Parkinson's disease, the level of N-methyl(R)salsolinol increased in cerebrospinal fluid and the high activity of a synthesizing enzyme, (R)salsolinol N-methyltransferase, was detected in lymphocytes. This isoquinoline induced apoptotic DNA damage in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Among catechol isoquinolines, only N-methylsalsolinol induced apoptosis in the cells, and the scavengers of hydroxyl radicals and antioxidants suppressed DNA damage, suggesting that reactive oxygen species initiate apoptosis. The isoquinoline activated caspase-3 like proteases and a caspase-3 inhibitor protected the cells from DNA damage. (-)Deprenyl, but neither clorgyline nor pargyline, prevented apoptotic cell death. The mechanism of the protection was due to stabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential reduced by the toxin. In Parkinson's disease apoptosis may be induced in dopamine neurons by this endogenous neurotoxin, and (-)deprenyl may protect them from apoptotic death process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naoi
- Department of Brain Sciences, Institute of Applied Biochemistry, Mitake, Gifu, Japan.
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35
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Abstract
A dopamine-derived neurotoxin, 1(R),2(N)-dimethyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2, 3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline [N-methyl(R)salsolinol] was found to cause parkinsonian in rats and to deplete selectively dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra after infusion in the striatum. This isoquinoline occurs enantio-specifically in the nigra-striatum of human brains. The biosynthesis from dopamine is catalyzed by two enzymes, (R)salsolinol synthase and (R)salsolinol N-methyltransferase. The isoquinoline increases in the cerebrospinal fluid from parkinsonian patients, and the increase is ascribed to high activity of its synthesizing neutral (R)salsolinol N-methyltransferase, as shown by analyses in lymphocytes. The cell death caused by this neurotoxin in dopaminergic human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells proved to be apoptotic. Apoptosis by this neurotoxin is mediated by intracellular sequential process, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspases and DNA fragmentation. These results are discussed in relation to the role of apoptosis in neurodegenerative diseases and the involvement of the endogenous toxin in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naoi
- Department of Brain Sciences, Institute of Applied Biochemistry, Yagi Memorial Park, Mitake, Gifu, Japan.
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36
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Morikawa H, Nakagawa Y, Hashimoto K, Niki M, Egashira Y, Hirata I, Katsu K, Akao Y. Frequent altered expression of fragile histidine triad protein in human colorectal adenomas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 278:205-10. [PMID: 11071873 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene is involved in deletions on the short arm of chromosome 3 in various human cancers. We found that 47% of colorectal adenomas, which is a higher frequency than that of K-ras, showed altered expression of the Fhit protein by Western blot analysis. The amount of Fhit protein was inversely correlated with the degree of dysplasia. Importantly, 27% of low-grade dysplastic adenomas showed altered expression of Fhit protein. Additionally, expression of human Fhit protein in human colon carcinoma cell line SW480 exhibited a marked inhibition of growth and rendered SW480 cells highly susceptible to undergo apoptosis compared with control cells. These findings suggest that altered expression of the FHIT gene is a quite early aberration in the development of colorectal tumors and that Fhit protein may act as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Morikawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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37
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Zhao Y, Ehara H, Akao Y, Shamoto M, Nakagawa Y, Banno Y, Deguchi T, Ohishi N, Yagi K, Nozawa Y. Increased activity and intranuclear expression of phospholipase D2 in human renal cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 278:140-3. [PMID: 11185526 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We examined the PLD activities of human renal cancers and found that the PLD2 activity was greatly elevated in almost all cases examined as compared with the adjacent normal region. Western blot analysis showed the increased levels of PLD2 protein, but the PLD1 was not discernible. The oleate-dependent PU) activity was very low but appeared to increase in most cases. Interestingly, the immunohistochemical observations indicated the high expression of PLD2 in the nuclei of clear carcinoma cells. This is the first demonstration which suggests the possible involvement of PLD2 in tumorigenesis of renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Gifu University School of Medicine, Tsukasamachi, Japan
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38
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Kitamura K, Minami Y, Yamamoto K, Akao Y, Kiyoi H, Saito H, Naoe T. Involvement of CD95-independent caspase 8 activation in arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis. Leukemia 2000; 14:1743-50. [PMID: 11021749 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As2O3)-treatment is effective in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients with t(15;17). Clinically achievable concentrations of As2O3 induce apoptosis in NB4, an APL cell line, in vitro. Here, to study the mechanism of As2O3-induced apoptosis, we established an As2O3-resistant subline, NB4/As. Growth of NB4/As was inhibited by 50% after 2 day-treatment (IC50) at 1.6 microM As2O3, whereas IC50 of NB4 was 0.3 microM. Degradation of PML-RARalpha and change of the PML-subcellular localization were similarly induced by As2O3 in NB4 and NB4/As, suggesting that their contribution to apoptosis is small. Treatment with 1 microM As2O3 induced the activation of caspase 3 as well as a loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (deltapsim) in NB4 but not in NB4/As. Caspase 8 and Bid were also activated by As2O3 in NB4 but not in NB4/As. In NB4, an inhibitor of caspase 8 blocked not only the activation of caspase 3 but also the loss of deltapsim. Neither cell line expressed CD95/Fas, and agonistic anti-Fas antibody (CH-11) failed to cause apoptosis. Neither antagonistic anti-CD95/Fas antibody nor anti-Fas ligand antibodies influenced the As2O3-induced apoptosis. NB4/As had a higher concentration of intracellular glutathione (GSH) than NB4 (96 vs 32 nmol/mg). Reduction of the GSH level by buthionine sulfoxide (BSO) completely restored the sensitivity to As2O3 in NB4/As. Furthermore, caspase activation and the loss of deltapsim were recovered by combination treatment with BSO. These findings suggest that the As2O3 treatment activates caspase 8 in a CD95-independent but GSH concentration-dependent manner. In combination with BSO, As2O3 might be applied to therapy of leukemia/cancers which are insensitive to the clinically achievable concentrations of As2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kitamura
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
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Akao Y, Isobe M. Molecular analysis of the rearranged genome and chimeric mRNAs caused by the t(6;11)(q27;q23) chromosome translocation involving MLL in an infant acute monocytic leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2000; 27:412-7. [PMID: 10719372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal analysis of acute monocytic leukemia cells in a female infant revealed a t(6;11)(q27;q23) translocation. Southern blot analysis with a cDNA probe of the MLL gene at chromosome band 11q23 indicated that the breakpoint was in an 8.3-kb BamHI fragment that contained exons 5-11 of the MLL gene. Northern blot analysis showed a faint band corresponding to the MLL chimeric transcript. Structural analysis of a genomic clone with the rearranged MLL gene from der(11) chromosome demonstrated the breakpoint to be localized between exons 6 and 7 of the the MLL gene and to lie in an Alu sequence of this region. The partner gene fused to the 3' part of MLL was shown to be the AF6 gene on chromosome 6q27 by in situ chromosome hybridization and nucleotide sequencing of chimeric MLL cDNA clones. However, it was shown that MLL exon 5 was fused to AF6 in one clone, whereas most clones were MLL exon 6/AF6 chimeric cDNA clones. These findings indicate that exon 6 of MLL is spliced out in the process of transcription in a variant MLL/AF6. In addition, we were able to detect the splicing of exon 6 in either this chimeric MLL/AF6 or MLL transcripts from untranslocated chromosomes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The detailed genetic map of AF6 was determined by in situ chromosome hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Department of Genetic Diagnosis, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Gifu, Japan.
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40
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Abstract
Arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis was identified by morphological change and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation in hematopoietic malignant cells and neuroblastoma cells. Arsenic trioxide directly induced apoptosis in the acute promyelocytic cell line NB4 cells at a low dose of 1 microM, whereas all-trans-retinoic acid caused the cells to differentiate and finally induced apoptosis. In addition to the involvement of caspase 3 in arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis of NB4 cells, the activation of caspase 8 was also shown to be involved by Western blot analysis or by apoptosis inhibition assay using caspase 8 inhibitor Ac-IETD-CHO. The down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein was shown in arsenic trioxide-treated pre-apoptotic and early apoptotic mouse B-cell line LyH7 cells, which overexpress Bcl-2 protein, by the studies of Western blot and immunoelectron microscopy. Arsenic trioxide also induced apoptosis in the majority of neuroblastomas cell lines. The arsenic-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cell lines was mediated by the activation of caspase 3 in all cases tested. In regard to the intracellular content of reduced glutathione in various neuroblastoma cell lines, the level in the cells sensitive to arsenic trioxide was under 40 nmol/mg protein, but the cells having more than 40 nmol/mg protein did not undergo apoptosis. N-acetylcysteine protected neuroblastoma cells from arsenic-induced apoptosis. Therefore, the intracellular glutathione content may be a good indicator of application of arsenic trioxide for various kinds of cancer cells. Our results raise the possibility that arsenic trioxide will be effective even against a solid tumor such as neuroblastoma and warrants clinical trials for patients with other kinds of tumors not only by systemic therapy but also using local therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kani-gun, Japan.
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Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) induces clinical remission in acute promyelocytic leukemia, even in all-trans retinoic acid-refractory cases, with minimal toxicity at low (1-2 microM) concentration. We exposed various neuroblastoma cell lines to As2O3 at a concentration of 2 microM: as a result, seven of 10 neuroblastoma cell lines underwent apoptosis characterized by morphological changes and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. As2O3-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells was shown to occur through the activation of caspase 3, as judged from Western blot analysis and apoptosis inhibition assay. It seemed that the sensitivity of neuroblastoma cells to As2O3 was inversely proportional to their intracellular level of reduced glutathione. Taken together these results indicate that As2O3 would be a candidate as a therapeutic agent for treatment of neuroblastoma, which is a solid tumor, not only by systemic therapy but also by local therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kani-gun, Japan
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Akao Y, Nakagawa Y, Maruyama W, Takahashi T, Naoi M. Apoptosis induced by an endogenous neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol, is mediated by activation of caspase 3. Neurosci Lett 1999; 267:153-6. [PMID: 10380999 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An endogenous neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol, has been proved to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Increased level of N-methyl(R)salsolinol in the cerebrospinal fluid and high activity of its synthesizing (R)salsolinol N-methyltransferase in lymphocytes were confirmed in the majority of parkinsonian patients. Recently this neurotoxin was found to induce apoptosis in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In this study, we tried to elucidate the intracellular mechanism of apoptosis induced by N-methyl(R)salsolinol, and proved activation of caspase 3 after incubation with this toxin by Western blot analysis. Further, a caspase 3 inhibitor, acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamyl-L-valyl-L-aspartic aldehyde, prevented the nucleosomal DNA fragmentation completely. These results demonstrate that caspase 3 mediates apoptosis induced by an endogenous neurotoxin, N-methyl(R)salsolinol, which may cause apoptotic cell death of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Mitake, Japan
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43
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Nakagawa Y, Morikawa H, Hirata I, Shiozaki M, Matsumoto A, Maemura K, Nishikawa T, Niki M, Tanigawa N, Ikegami M, Katsu K, Akao Y. Overexpression of rck/p54, a DEAD box protein, in human colorectal tumours. Br J Cancer 1999; 80:914-7. [PMID: 10360675 PMCID: PMC2362290 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The RCK gene is a target of the t(11;14)(q23;q32) chromosomal translocation observed in human B-cell lymphoma, and the overexpression of its protein (rck/p54) by the translocation was shown to cause malignant transformation. The rck/p54 protein belongs to the DEAD box protein/RNA helicase family, which has a variety of functions such as translation initiation, pre-mRNA splicing and ribosome assembly. The expression of rck p54 in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The rck/p54 protein was found to be overexpressed in tumour tissues resected from 13 (50%) out of 26 cases of colorectal adenocarcinomas and two out of two (100%) cases of colonic severe dysplastic adenomas. In view of activities of rck/p54 determined in other tissue types, we suggest that rck/p54 may contribute to the cell proliferation and carcinogenesis at the translational level in the development of colorectal tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakagawa
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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Kito M, Akao Y, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Induction of apoptosis in cultured colon cancer cells by transfection with human interferon beta gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 257:771-6. [PMID: 10208858 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The growth of SW480 colon cancer cells following the transfection with the human interferon beta (hIFNbeta) gene entrapped in cationic multilamellar liposomes was effectively inhibited, but not that of the cells transfected with the gene from which the secretion signal sequence of hIFNbeta had been deleted. The amount of hIFNbeta secreted in the medium from SW480 cells transfected with hIFNbeta gradually increased and became maximum 3 days after the transfection, but no hIFNbeta was detected in the medium of the cells transfected with the secretion signal-deleted hIFNbeta. These findings indicate that the growth inhibition of SW480 cells after the transfection with hIFNbeta was caused by hIFNbeta secreted from the transfected cells. At that time, SW480 cells were induced to undergo apoptosis, which was identified by morphological aspects, viz., chromatin condensation, nuclear segmentation, and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. The hIFNbeta-induced apoptosis was found to be linked to the activation of caspases 3 and 8 as evidenced by immunoblot, enzymological, and cell death inhibition analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kito
- Institute of Applied Biochemistry, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Yagi Memorial Park, Mitake, 505-0116, Japan
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Akiyama K, Akao Y, Yokoyama M, Nakagawa Y, Noguchi T, Yagi K, Nishi Y. Expression of two dead box genes (DDX1 and DDX6) is independent of that of MYCN in human neuroblastoma cell lines. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1999; 47:563-8. [PMID: 10319407 DOI: 10.1080/15216549900201603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To examine whether two DEAD box genes, DDX1 and DDX6, would have some roles in the progression of tumors, we investigated the correlation of the expression of these genes with that of MYCN in neuroblastomas either with or without MYCN amplification. The mRNA of MYCN was observed only in the cell lines with amplification of MYCN. The mRNAs of DDX1 and DDX6 were found in all the cell lines examined, but the correlation between the mRNA levels of DDX1 or DDX6 and MYCN was poor. These findings suggest that the expression of neither DEAD box gene is correlated with the gene expression of MYCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Akiyama
- Pharmaceutical Frontiers Research Laboratories, Japan Tobacco, Inc., Yokohama
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46
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Akao Y, Mizoguchi H, Misiura K, Stec WJ, Seto M, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide against the MLL-LTG19 chimeric transcript inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in cells of an infantile leukemia cell line carrying the t(11;19) chromosomal translocation. Cancer Res 1998; 58:3773-6. [PMID: 9731482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the role of the multiple lineage leukemia gene-leukemia translocation gene of chromosome 19 (MLL-LTG19) protein in leukemogenesis, we synthesized antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN) against the fused region of the MLL-LTG19 chimeric transcript and treated KOCL33 cells carrying the t(11;19) translocation with antisense ODN. The antisense ODN inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in KOCL33 cells but not in Daudi cells, which have no t(11;19). The levels of MLL-LTG19 mRNA and MLL-LTG19 protein in KOCL33 cells treated with antisense ODN were shown to decrease with time by reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot analysis. These results suggest that the MLL-LTG19 fusion protein contributes to cell proliferation and malignant transformation in infantile acute leukemia cells carrying the t(11;19) translocation.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis
- Cell Division
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19
- DNA-Binding Proteins/physiology
- Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
- Humans
- Leukemia, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, B-Cell/pathology
- Leukemia, B-Cell/therapy
- Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/therapeutic use
- Proto-Oncogenes
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Transcription Factors
- Translocation, Genetic
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Mitake, Japan
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47
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Akao Y, Mizoguchi H, Kojima S, Naoe T, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Arsenic induces apoptosis in B-cell leukaemic cell lines in vitro: activation of caspases and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein. Br J Haematol 1998; 102:1055-60. [PMID: 9734658 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1998.00869.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We showed that arsenic inhibited the cell growth of four B-cell leukaemia cell lines of 11 various cell lines in vitro. In two of these four lines, KOCL44 and LyH7, apoptosis was identified by morphological and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation studies. Three of the four B-cell lines that were growth inhibited were acute infantile leukaemia with t(11;19)(q23;p13) translocations involving the MLL gene that encodes the transcriptional factor Drosophila trithorax. The arsenic-induced apoptosis in KOCL44 and LyH7 cells was found to be linked to caspases by Western blot and enzymological analyses. The amount of Bcl-2 was reduced during apoptosis in LyH7 as judged by Western blot analysis. We concluded that combined activation of the caspases and down-regulation of Bcl-2 could determine the fate of B-cell leukaemic cells in response to arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Yagi Memorial Park, Mitake, Japan
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Abstract
We transfected cells of a guinea pig cell line with RCK cDNA inserted in a pIRES1neo expression vector. The overexpression of rck/p54 was confirmed by Western blot and RT-PCR analysis. In two clones expressing rck/p54, the cell growth was highly inhibited; and their anchorage-independent growth, which is an important character of malignant transformation, was not found. These findings are the first evidence that the overexpression of a DEAD box protein/RNA helicase could inhibit substantially cell growth at the translational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Yagi Memorial Park, Mitake, Japan.
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49
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Nakashima S, Matsuda Y, Akao Y, Yoshimura S, Sakai H, Hayakawa K, Andoh M, Nozawa Y. Molecular cloning and chromosome mapping of rat phospholipase D genes, Pld1a, Pld1b and Pld2. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1998; 79:109-13. [PMID: 9533024 DOI: 10.1159/000134694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have previously obtained three partial rat phospholipase D (PLD) cDNA fragments by a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method using degenerate primers based on two conserved amino acid sequences in PLDs of human and yeast. The entire coding regions of these genes were isolated and sequenced. The longest clone, Pld1a encodes a 1075 amino acid (aa) protein that was highly similar (89% identity) to human PLD1a, especially in four conserved regions present in other PLDs. The nucleotide sequence of the second clone was identical to that of Pld1a except that the clone lacked 114 nucleotides corresponding to 38 aa in the middle. A shorter alternatively spliced form of human PLD1 (PLD1b) lacking the corresponding 38 aa was also identified. Therefore, the second clone (Pld1b) was considered to correspond to the rat counterpart of human PLD1b. The third clone, Pld2 encoding 933 aa was smaller than that of Pld1 and its aa identity to rat Pld1 was 56%. However, it contains four conserved regions and aa sequences of these regions are homologous to those of rat Pld1 and human PLD1. Its entire aa sequence was very similar (96% identity) to the recently cloned mouse PLD, Pld2. Chromosome locations of the Pld1a, Pld1b and Pld2 genes were determined in the rat and mouse by fluorescent in situ hybridization. As expected, both Pld1a and Pld1b clones were hybridized to the same chromosome regions. The Pld1 and Pld2 genes were localized to rat chromosome 2q23.3-->q24 proximal end and the proximal region of mouse Chromosome 3B, and rat chromosome 10q23.3-->q24 proximal end and mouse Chromosome 11B3, respectively. They were mapped in regions where conserved linkage homology has been identified between the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nakashima
- Department of Biochemistry, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan
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50
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Adachi M, Iwaki H, Shindoh M, Akao Y, Hachiya T, Ikeda M, Hinoda Y, Imai K. Predominant expression of the src homology 2-containing tyrosine phosphatase protein SHP2 in vascular smooth muscle cells. Virchows Arch 1997; 430:321-5. [PMID: 9134043 DOI: 10.1007/bf01092755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
src homology 2 (SH2)-containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is known to transduce positive signals from activated receptor protein-tyrosine kinases such as platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) beta and insulin receptor. Here, we demonstrate the physiological expression of SHP2 in rats. In northern and western blot analyses, SHP2 expressions were recognized in all tissues, but their expression levels varied significantly among tissues: it is lowest in the liver and kidney. Immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization showed SHP2 was expressed ubiquitously but predominantly in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC). During the development of granulations. SHP2 was expressed predominantly in vascular SMC and also highly expressed in capillary cells. The functional associations of SHP2 with PDGFR beta, which transduces major growth signals in vascular SMC, identify a crucial function of SHP2 in blood vessels in consert with PDGFR beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adachi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
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