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Ando R, Shiraki Y, Miyai Y, Shimizu H, Furuhashi K, Minatoguchi S, Kato K, Kato A, Iida T, Mizutani Y, Ito K, Asai N, Mii S, Esaki N, Takahashi M, Enomoto A. Meflin is a marker of pancreatic stellate cells involved in fibrosis and epithelial regeneration in the pancreas. J Pathol 2024; 262:61-75. [PMID: 37796386 DOI: 10.1002/path.6211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are stromal cells in the pancreas that play an important role in pancreatic pathology. In chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), PSCs are known to get activated to form myofibroblasts or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that promote stromal fibroinflammatory reactions. However, previous studies on PSCs were mainly based on the findings obtained using ex vivo expanded PSCs, with few studies that addressed the significance of in situ tissue-resident PSCs using animal models. Their contributions to fibrotic reactions in CP and PDAC are also lesser-known. These limitations in our understanding of PSC biology have been attributed to the lack of specific molecular markers of PSCs. Herein, we established Meflin (Islr), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein, as a PSC-specific marker in both mouse and human by using human pancreatic tissue samples and Meflin reporter mice. Meflin-positive (Meflin+ ) cells contain lipid droplets and express the conventional PSC marker Desmin in normal mouse pancreas, with some cells also positive for Gli1, the marker of pancreatic tissue-resident fibroblasts. Three-dimensional analysis of the cleared pancreas of Meflin reporter mice showed that Meflin+ PSCs have long and thin cytoplasmic protrusions, and are localised on the abluminal side of vessels in the normal pancreas. Lineage tracing experiments revealed that Meflin+ PSCs constitute one of the origins of fibroblasts and CAFs in CP and PDAC, respectively. In these diseases, Meflin+ PSC-derived fibroblasts showed a distinctive morphology and distribution from Meflin+ PSCs in the normal pancreas. Furthermore, we showed that the genetic depletion of Meflin+ PSCs accelerated fibrosis and attenuated epithelial regeneration and stromal R-spondin 3 expression, thereby implying that Meflin+ PSCs and their lineage cells may support tissue recovery and Wnt/R-spondin signalling after pancreatic injury and PDAC development. Together, these data indicate that Meflin may be a marker specific to tissue-resident PSCs and useful for studying their biology in both health and disease. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Ando
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Furuhashi
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shun Minatoguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadashi Iida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kisuke Ito
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Esaki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Division of International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu, Japan
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Nakai K, Lin H, Yamano S, Tanaka S, Kitamoto S, Saitoh H, Sakuma K, Kurauchi J, Akter E, Konno M, Ishibashi K, Kamata R, Ohashi A, Koseki J, Takahashi H, Yokoyama H, Shiraki Y, Enomoto A, Abe S, Hayakawa Y, Ushiku T, Mutoh M, Fujita Y, Kon S. Wnt activation disturbs cell competition and causes diffuse invasion of transformed cells through NF-κB-MMP21 pathway. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7048. [PMID: 37923722 PMCID: PMC10624923 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal epithelial cells exert their competitive advantage over RasV12-transformed cells and eliminate them into the apical lumen via cell competition. However, the internal or external factors that compromise cell competition and provoke carcinogenesis remain elusive. In this study, we examine the effect of sequential accumulation of gene mutations, mimicking multi-sequential carcinogenesis on RasV12-induced cell competition in intestinal epithelial tissues. Consequently, we find that the directionality of RasV12-cell extrusion in Wnt-activated epithelia is reversed, and transformed cells are delaminated into the basal lamina via non-cell autonomous MMP21 upregulation. Subsequently, diffusively infiltrating, transformed cells develop into highly invasive carcinomas. The elevated production of MMP21 is elicited partly through NF-κB signaling, blockage of which restores apical elimination of RasV12 cells. We further demonstrate that the NF-κB-MMP21 axis is significantly bolstered in early colorectal carcinoma in humans. Collectively, this study shows that cells with high mutational burdens exploit cell competition for their benefit by behaving as unfit cells, endowing them with an invasion advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nakai
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Hancheng Lin
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Shotaro Yamano
- Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanagawa, 257-0015, Japan
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Sho Kitamoto
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, The WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Saitoh
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Kenta Sakuma
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Junpei Kurauchi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Eilma Akter
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Konno
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Kojiro Ishibashi
- Division of Tumor Cell Biology and Bioimaging, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryo Kamata
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohashi
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Jun Koseki
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takahashi
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hideshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Sohei Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoku Hayakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fujita
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kon
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan.
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Urano Y, Karube K, Shiraki Y. Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of pleural origin. Pathol Int 2023; 73:560-562. [PMID: 37606192 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Urano
- Department of Pathology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kennosuke Karube
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Mori N, Esaki N, Shimoyama Y, Shiraki Y, Asai N, Sakai T, Nishida Y, Takahashi M, Enomoto A, Mii S. Significance of expression of CD109 in osteosarcoma and its involvement in tumor progression via BMP signaling. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154443. [PMID: 37030166 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common primary malignant bone tumor, is defined by the formation of neoplastic osteoid and/or bone. This sarcoma is a highly heterogeneous disease with a wide range of patient outcomes. CD109 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein that is highly expressed in various types of malignant tumors. We previously reported that CD109 is expressed in osteoblasts and osteoclasts in normal human tissues and plays a role in bone metabolism in vivo. While CD109 has been shown to promote various carcinomas through the downregulation of TGF-β signaling, the role and mechanism of CD109 in sarcomas remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the molecular function of CD109 in sarcomas using osteosarcoma cell lines and tissue. Semi-quantitative immunohistochemical analysis using human osteosarcoma tissue revealed a significantly worse prognosis in the CD109-high group compared with the CD109-low group. We found no association between CD109 expression and TGF-β signaling in osteosarcoma cells. However, enhancement of SMAD1/5/9 phosphorylation was observed in CD109 knockdown cells under bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) stimulation. We also performed immunohistochemical analysis for phospho-SMAD1/5/9 using human osteosarcoma tissue and found a negative correlation between CD109 expression and SMAD1/5/9 phosphorylation. In vitro wound healing assay showed that osteosarcoma cell migration was significantly attenuated in CD109-knockdown cells compared with control cells in the presence of BMP. These results suggest that CD109 is a poor prognostic factor in osteosarcoma and affects tumor cell migration via BMP signaling.
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Shiraki Y, Mii S, Esaki N, Enomoto A. Possible disease-protective roles of fibroblasts in cancer and fibrosis and their therapeutic application. Nagoya J Med Sci 2022; 84:484-496. [PMID: 36237894 PMCID: PMC9529631 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.84.3.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and fibrotic diseases are characterized by continuous inflammation, tissue wounds, and injuries. Cancer is a "wound that does not heal," and the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells disrupts normal tissue integrity and induces stromal fibroinflammatory reactions. Fibroblasts proliferate extensively in the stroma, playing a major role in the development of these diseases. There has been considerable evidence that fibroblasts contribute to fibrosis and tissue stiffening and promote disease progression via multiple mechanisms. However, recent emerging findings, mainly derived from single-cell transcriptomic analysis, indicated that fibroblasts are functionally heterogeneous, leading to the hypothesis that both disease-promoting and -restraining fibroblasts exist. We recently showed that a fibroblast population, defined by the expression of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein Meflin may suppress but not promote fibrotic response and disease progression in cancer and fibrotic diseases. Although currently hypothetical, the primary function of Meflin-positive fibroblasts may be tissue repair after injury and cancer initiation occurred. This observation has led to the proposal of a potential therapy that converts the phenotype of fibroblasts from pro-tumor to anti-tumor. In this short review, we summarize our recent findings on the function of Meflin in the context of cancer and fibrotic diseases and discuss how we can utilize this knowledge on fibroblasts in translational medicine. We also discuss several aspects of the interpretation of survival analysis data, such as Kaplan-Meier analysis, to address the function of specific genes expressed in fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Esaki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Suzuki A, Sakamoto K, Nakahara Y, Enomoto A, Hino J, Ando A, Inoue M, Shiraki Y, Omote N, Kusaka M, Fukihara J, Hashimoto N. BMP3b is a Novel Anti-Fibrotic Molecule Regulated by Meflin in Lung Fibroblasts. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:446-458. [PMID: 35728045 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0484oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts play a central role in the lung fibrotic process. Our recent study identified a novel subpopulation of lung fibroblasts expressing meflin, anti-fibrotic properties of which were confirmed by murine lung fibrosis model. Meflin expressing fibroblasts were resistant to fibrogenesis induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), but its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, evaluation of a silica-nanoparticles-induced lung fibrosis model confirmed the antifibrotic effect of meflin via the regulation of TGF-β signaling. We conducted comparative gene expression profiling in lung fibroblasts, which identified growth differentiation factor 10 (Gdf10) encoding bone morphogenic protein 3b (BMP3b) as the most down-regulated gene in meflin-deficient cells under the profibrotic condition with TGF-β. We hypothesized that BMP3b can be an effector molecule playing an anti-fibrotic role downstream of meflin. As suggested by single-cell transcriptomic data, restricted expressions of Gdf10 (Bmp3b) in stromal cells including fibroblasts were confirmed. We examined possible anti-fibrotic properties of BMP3b in lung fibroblasts and demonstrated that Bmp3b-null fibroblasts were more susceptible to TGF-β-induced fibrogenic changes. Furthermore, Bmp3b-null mice exhibited exaggerated lung fibrosis induced by silica-nanoparticles in vivo. We also demonstrated that treatment with recombinant BMP3B was effective against TGF-β-induced fibrogenesis in fibroblasts, especially in the suppression of excessive extracellular matrix production. These lines of evidence suggested that BMP3b is a novel humoral effector molecule regulated by meflin which exerts anti-fibrotic properties in lung fibroblasts. Supplementation of BMP3B could be a novel therapeutic strategy for fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Suzuki
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Sakamoto
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya, Japan;
| | - Yoshio Nakahara
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, 36589, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Hino
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Akira Ando
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahide Inoue
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, 36589, Department of Respiratory medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, 36589, Department of Pathology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norihito Omote
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, 36589, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kusaka
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Fukihara
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naozumi Hashimoto
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Kong Y, Akatsuka S, Motooka Y, Zheng H, Cheng Z, Shiraki Y, Mashimo T, Imaoka T, Toyokuni S. BRCA1 haploinsufficiency promotes chromosomal amplification under fenton reaction-based carcinogenesis through ferroptosis-resistance. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102356. [PMID: 35667247 PMCID: PMC9168618 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline-mutation in BRCA1 tumor suppressor gene is an established risk for carcinogenesis not only in females but also in males. Deficiency in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks is hypothesized as a responsible mechanism for carcinogenesis. However, supporting data is insufficient both in the mutation spectra of cancers in the patients with BRCA1 germline-mutation and in murine knockout/knock-in models of Brca1 haploinsufficiency. Furthermore, information on the driving force toward carcinogenesis in BRCA1 mutation carriers is lacking. Here we applied Fenton reaction-based renal carcinogenesis to a rat heterozygously knockout model of BRCA1 haploinsufficiency (mutant [MUT] model; L63X/+). Rat MUT model revealed significant promotion of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA). Array-based comparative genome hybridization of the RCCs identified significant increase in chromosomal amplification, syntenic to those in breast cancers of BRCA1 mutation carriers, including c-Myc, in comparison to those in the wild-type. Subacute-phase analysis of the kidney after repeated Fe-NTA treatment in the MUT model revealed dysregulated iron metabolism with mitochondrial malfunction assessed by expression microarray and electron microscopy, leading to renal tubular proliferation with iron overload. In conclusion, we for the first time demonstrate that biallelic wild-type BRCA1 provides more robust protection for mitochondrial metabolism under iron-catalyzed oxidative stress, preventing the emergence of neoplastic cells with chromosomal amplification. Our results suggest that oxidative stress via excess iron is a major driving force for carcinogenesis in BRCA1 haploinsufficiency, which can be a target for cancer prevention and therapeutics. Rat BRCA1 haploinsufficiency promoted Fenton reaction-based renal carcinogenesis. BRCA1 haploinsufficiency allowed chromosomal amplification under excess iron. BRCA1 haploinsufficiency caused more mitochondrial damage with ferroptosis resistance.
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Iida T, Mizutani Y, Esaki N, Ponik SM, Burkel BM, Weng L, Kuwata K, Masamune A, Ishihara S, Haga H, Kataoka K, Mii S, Shiraki Y, Ishikawa T, Ohno E, Kawashima H, Hirooka Y, Fujishiro M, Takahashi M, Enomoto A. Pharmacologic conversion of cancer-associated fibroblasts from a protumor phenotype to an antitumor phenotype improves the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer to chemotherapeutics. Oncogene 2022; 41:2764-2777. [PMID: 35414659 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous therapeutic attempts to deplete cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) or inhibit their proliferation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were not successful in mice or patients. Thus, CAFs may be tumor suppressive or heterogeneous, with distinct cancer-restraining and -promoting CAFs (rCAFs and pCAFs, respectively). Here, we showed that induced expression of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein Meflin, a rCAF-specific marker, in CAFs by genetic and pharmacological approaches improved the chemosensitivity of mouse PDAC. A chemical library screen identified Am80, a synthetic, nonnatural retinoid, as a reagent that effectively induced Meflin expression in CAFs. Am80 administration improved the sensitivity of PDAC to chemotherapeutics, accompanied by increases in tumor vessel area and intratumoral drug delivery. Mechanistically, Meflin was involved in the suppression of tissue stiffening by interacting with lysyl oxidase to inhibit its collagen crosslinking activity. These data suggested that modulation of CAF heterogeneity may represent a strategy for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Iida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Esaki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Suzanne M Ponik
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brian M Burkel
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Liang Weng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Keiko Kuwata
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hisashi Haga
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kunio Kataoka
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuya Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eizaburo Ohno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawashima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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Miyai Y, Sugiyama D, Hase T, Asai N, Taki T, Nishida K, Fukui T, Chen-Yoshikawa TF, Kobayashi H, Mii S, Shiraki Y, Hasegawa Y, Nishikawa H, Ando Y, Takahashi M, Enomoto A. Meflin-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts enhance tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/6/e202101230. [PMID: 35236758 PMCID: PMC8897596 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Meflin/ISLR is the marker of a cancer-associated fibroblast subset that enhances tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an integral component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Most CAFs shape the TME toward an immunosuppressive milieu and attenuate the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. However, the detailed mechanism of how heterogeneous CAFs regulate tumor response to ICB therapy has not been defined. Here, we show that a recently defined CAF subset characterized by the expression of Meflin, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein marker of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, is associated with survival and favorable therapeutic response to ICB monotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The prevalence of Meflin-positive CAFs was positively correlated with CD4-positive T-cell infiltration and vascularization within non-small cell lung cancer tumors. Meflin deficiency and CAF-specific Meflin overexpression resulted in defective and enhanced ICB therapy responses in syngeneic tumors in mice, respectively. These findings suggest the presence of a CAF subset that promotes ICB therapy efficacy, which adds to our understanding of CAF functions and heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Miyai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology and Chemotherapy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sugiyama
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsunari Hase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Taki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nishida
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nishikawa
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ando
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Chemotherapy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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10
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Ichihara R, Shiraki Y, Mizutani Y, Iida T, Miyai Y, Esaki N, Kato A, Mii S, Ando R, Hayashi M, Takami H, Fujii T, Takahashi M, Enomoto A. Matrix remodeling-associated protein 8 is a marker of a subset of cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic cancer. Pathol Int 2022; 72:161-175. [PMID: 35020975 PMCID: PMC9305816 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a compartment of the tumor microenvironment, were previously thought to be a uniform cell population that promotes cancer progression. However, recent studies have shown that CAFs are heterogeneous and that there are at least two types of CAFs, that is, cancer‐promoting and ‐restraining CAFs. We previously identified Meflin as a candidate marker of cancer‐restraining CAFs (rCAFs) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The precise nature of rCAFs, however, has remained elusive owing to a lack of understanding of their comprehensive gene signatures. Here, we screened genes whose expression correlated with Meflin in single‐cell transcriptomic analyses of human cancers. Among the identified genes, we identified matrix remodeling‐associated protein 8 (MXRA8), which encodes a type I transmembrane protein with unknown molecular function. Analysis of MXRA8 expression in human PDAC samples showed that MXRA8 was differentially co‐expressed with other CAF markers. Moreover, in patients with PDAC or syngeneic tumors developed in MXRA8‐knockout mice, MXRA8 expression did not affect the roles of CAFs in cancer progression, and the biological importance of MXRA8+ CAFs is still unclear. Overall, we identified MXRA8 as a new CAF marker; further studies are needed to determine the relevance of this marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Ichihara
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadashi Iida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Esaki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryota Ando
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Takami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- Department of Surgery and Science, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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11
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Yamazaki S, Ohka F, Hirano M, Shiraki Y, Motomura K, Tanahashi K, Tsujiuchi T, Motomura A, Aoki K, Shinjo K, Murofushi Y, Kitano Y, Maeda S, Kato A, Shimizu H, Yamaguchi JU, Adilijiang A, Wakabayashi T, Saito R, Enomoto A, Kondo Y, Natsume A. TB-2 Patient-derived meningioma organoid model demonstrates FOXM1 dependent tumor proliferation. Neurooncol Adv 2021. [PMCID: PMC8648193 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab159.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent comprehensive studies have revealed several molecular alterations that are frequently found in meningiomas. However, effective treatment reagents targeting specific molecular alterations have not yet been identified because of the limited number of representative research models of meningiomas. We established 18 organoid models comprising of two malignant meningioma cells (HKBMM and IOMM-Lee), 10 benign meningiomas, four malignant meningiomas, and two solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs). Using immunohistochemistry and molecular analyses consisting of whole exome sequencing, RNA-seq, and DNA methylation analyses, we compared the histological findings and molecular profiling of organoid models with those of parental tumors. The organoids exhibited consistent histological features and molecular profiles with those of the parental tumors. Using a public database of meningioma, we identified that upregulated forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) was correlated with increased tumor proliferation. Overexpression of FOXM1 in benign meningioma organoids increased organoid proliferation; depletion of FOXM1 in malignant organoids decreased proliferation. Additionally, thiostrepton, a FOXM1 inhibitor combined with radiation therapy, significantly inhibited proliferation of malignant meningioma organoid models (P<0.01). An organoid model for meningioma enabled us to elucidate the tumor biology of meningioma along with potent treatment targets for meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Yamazaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Hirano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuya Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Tanahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Ayako Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daido hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kosuke Aoki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Shinjo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Murofushi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yotaro Kitano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sachi Maeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimizu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - J Unya Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Alimu Adilijiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryuta Saito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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12
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Yoshioka N, Tanaka M, Ochi K, Watanabe A, Ono K, Sawada M, Ogi T, Itoh M, Ito A, Shiraki Y, Enomoto A, Ishigami M, Fujishiro M, Ogawa Y, Suganami T. The sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor Tofogliflozin prevents the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated liver tumors in a novel murine model. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111738. [PMID: 34029949 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes and obesity contribute to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, how diabetes and obesity accelerate liver tumorigenesis remains to be fully understood. Moreover, to verify the therapeutic potential of anti-diabetic drugs, there exists a strong need for appropriate animal models that recapitulate human pathophysiology of NASH and HCC. METHODS We established a novel murine model of NASH-associated liver tumors using genetically obese melanocortin 4 receptor-deficient mice fed on Western diet in combination with a chemical procarcinogen, and verified the validity of our model in evaluating drug efficacy. FINDINGS Our model developed multiple liver tumors together with obesity, diabetes, and NASH within a relatively short period (approximately 3 months). In this model, sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor Tofogliflozin prevented the development of NASH-like liver phenotypes and the progression of liver tumors. Tofogliflozin attenuated p21 expression of hepatocytes in non-tumorous lesions in the liver. INTERPRETATION Tofogliflozin treatment attenuates cellular senescence of hepatocytes under obese and diabetic conditions. This study provides a unique animal model of NASH-associated liver tumors, which is applicable for assessing drug efficacy to prevent or treat NASH-associated HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology
- Benzhydryl Compounds/therapeutic use
- Blood Glucose/analysis
- Cellular Senescence/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diet, Western
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Glucosides/pharmacology
- Glucosides/therapeutic use
- Hepatocytes/drug effects
- Insulin/blood
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/blood
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/etiology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/blood
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/drug therapy
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology
- Obesity/blood
- Obesity/complications
- Obesity/drug therapy
- Obesity/pathology
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/genetics
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miyako Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Immunometabolism, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Kozue Ochi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Watanabe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Ono
- Department of Brain Function, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Sawada
- Department of Brain Function, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michiko Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Ebina, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Immunometabolism, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suganami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Immunometabolism, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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13
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Yamazaki S, Ohka F, Hirano M, Shiraki Y, Motomura K, Tanahashi K, Tsujiuchi T, Motomura A, Aoki K, Shinjo K, Murofushi Y, Kitano Y, Maeda S, Kato A, Shimizu H, Yamaguchi J, Adilijiang A, Wakabayashi T, Saito R, Enomoto A, Kondo Y, Natsume A. Newly Established Patient-derived Organoid Model of Intracranial Meningioma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:1936-1948. [PMID: 34214169 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent comprehensive studies have revealed several molecular alterations that are frequently found in meningiomas. However, effective treatment reagents targeting specific molecular alterations have not yet been identified because of the limited number of representative research models of meningiomas. METHODS We performed organoid cultures using meningioma cells and meningioma tumor tissues. Using immunohistochemistry and molecular analyses consisting of whole exome sequencing, RNA-seq, and DNA methylation analyses, we compared the histological findings and molecular profiling of organoid models with those of parental tumors. Further, using these organoid models together with a public database of meningiomas, we explored molecular alterations, which are a potent treatment target for meningioma. RESULTS We established 18 organoid models comprising of two malignant meningioma cells (HKBMM and IOMM-Lee), 10 benign meningiomas, four malignant meningiomas, and two solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs). The organoids exhibited consistent histological features and molecular profiles with those of the parental tumors. Using a public database, we identified that upregulated forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) was correlated with increased tumor proliferation. Overexpression of FOXM1 in benign meningioma organoids increased organoid proliferation; depletion of FOXM1 in malignant organoids decreased proliferation. Additionally, thiostrepton, a FOXM1 inhibitor combined with radiation therapy, significantly inhibited proliferation of malignant meningioma organoid models. CONCLUSIONS An organoid model for meningioma enabled us to elucidate the tumor biology of meningioma along with potent treatment targets for meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Yamazaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Hirano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Molecular Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuya Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Tanahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Ayako Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daido hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kosuke Aoki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Shinjo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Murofushi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yotaro Kitano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sachi Maeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimizu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junya Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Alimu Adilijiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryuta Saito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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14
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Hara A, Kato K, Ishihara T, Kobayashi H, Asai N, Mii S, Shiraki Y, Miyai Y, Ando R, Mizutani Y, Iida T, Takefuji M, Murohara T, Takahashi M, Enomoto A. Meflin defines mesenchymal stem cells and/or their early progenitors with multilineage differentiation capacity. Genes Cells 2021; 26:495-512. [PMID: 33960573 PMCID: PMC8360184 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the likely precursors of multiple lines of mesenchymal cells. The existence of bona fide MSCs with self‐renewal capacity and differentiation potential into all mesenchymal lineages, however, has been unclear because of the lack of MSC‐specific marker(s) that are not expressed by the terminally differentiated progeny. Meflin, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored protein, is an MSC marker candidate that is specifically expressed in rare stromal cells in all tissues. Our previous report showed that Meflin expression becomes down‐regulated in bone marrow‐derived MSCs cultured on plastic, making it difficult to examine the self‐renewal and differentiation of Meflin‐positive cells at the single‐cell level. Here, we traced the lineage of Meflin‐positive cells in postnatal and adult mice, showing that those cells differentiated into white and brown adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes and skeletal myocytes. Interestingly, cells derived from Meflin‐positive cells formed clusters of differentiated cells, implying the in situ proliferation of Meflin‐positive cells or their lineage‐committed progenitors. These results, taken together with previous findings that Meflin expression in cultured MSCs was lost upon their multilineage differentiation, suggest that Meflin is a useful potential marker to localize MSCs and/or their immature progenitors in multiple tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitoshi Hara
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Ishihara
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryota Ando
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadashi Iida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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15
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Kitano Y, Aoki K, Ohka F, Yamazaki S, Motomura K, Tanahashi K, Hirano M, Naganawa T, Iida M, Shiraki Y, Nishikawa T, Shimizu H, Yamaguchi J, Maeda S, Suzuki H, Wakabayashi T, Baba Y, Yasui T, Natsume A. Urinary MicroRNA-Based Diagnostic Model for Central Nervous System Tumors Using Nanowire Scaffolds. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:17316-17329. [PMID: 33793202 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There are no accurate mass screening methods for early detection of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Recently, liquid biopsy has received a lot of attention for less-invasive cancer screening. Unlike other cancers, CNS tumors require efforts to find biomarkers due to the blood-brain barrier, which restricts molecular exchange between the parenchyma and blood. Additionally, because a satisfactory way to collect urinary biomarkers is lacking, urine-based liquid biopsy has not been fully investigated despite the fact that it has some advantages compared to blood or cerebrospinal fluid-based biopsy. Here, we have developed a mass-producible and sterilizable nanowire-based device that can extract urinary microRNAs efficiently. Urinary microRNAs from patients with CNS tumors (n = 119) and noncancer individuals (n = 100) were analyzed using a microarray to yield comprehensive microRNA expression profiles. To clarify the origin of urinary microRNAs of patients with CNS tumors, glioblastoma organoids were generated. Glioblastoma organoid-derived differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) included 73.4% of the DEMs in urine of patients with parental tumors but included only 3.9% of those in urine of noncancer individuals, which suggested that many CNS tumor-derived microRNAs could be identified in urine directly. We constructed the diagnostic model based on the expression of the selected microRNAs and found that it was able to differentiate patients and noncancer individuals at a sensitivity and specificity of 100 and 97%, respectively, in an independent dataset. Our findings demonstrate that urinary microRNAs extracted with the nanowire device offer a well-fitted strategy for mass screening of CNS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotaro Kitano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kosuke Aoki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamazaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuya Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Tanahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masaki Hirano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Naganawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mikiko Iida
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomohide Nishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimizu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Junya Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Sachi Maeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Institute of Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takao Yasui
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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16
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Kobayashi H, Gieniec KA, Wright JA, Wang T, Asai N, Mizutani Y, Lida T, Ando R, Suzuki N, Lannagan TRM, Ng JQ, Hara A, Shiraki Y, Mii S, Ichinose M, Vrbanac L, Lawrence MJ, Sammour T, Uehara K, Davies G, Lisowski L, Alexander IE, Hayakawa Y, Butler LM, Zannettino ACW, Din MO, Hasty J, Burt AD, Leedham SJ, Rustgi AK, Mukherjee S, Wang TC, Enomoto A, Takahashi M, Worthley DL, Woods SL. The Balance of Stromal BMP Signaling Mediated by GREM1 and ISLR Drives Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:1224-1239.e30. [PMID: 33197448 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), key constituents of the tumor microenvironment, either promote or restrain tumor growth. Attempts to therapeutically target CAFs have been hampered by our incomplete understanding of these functionally heterogeneous cells. Key growth factors in the intestinal epithelial niche, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), also play a critical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. However, the crucial proteins regulating stromal BMP balance and the potential application of BMP signaling to manage CRC remain largely unexplored. METHODS Using human CRC RNA expression data, we identified CAF-specific factors involved in BMP signaling, then verified and characterized their expression in the CRC stroma by in situ hybridization. CRC tumoroids and a mouse model of CRC hepatic metastasis were used to test approaches to modify BMP signaling and treat CRC. RESULTS We identified Grem1 and Islr as CAF-specific genes involved in BMP signaling. Functionally, GREM1 and ISLR acted to inhibit and promote BMP signaling, respectively. Grem1 and Islr marked distinct fibroblast subpopulations and were differentially regulated by transforming growth factor β and FOXL1, providing an underlying mechanism to explain fibroblast biological dichotomy. In patients with CRC, high GREM1 and ISLR expression levels were associated with poor and favorable survival, respectively. A GREM1-neutralizing antibody or fibroblast Islr overexpression reduced CRC tumoroid growth and promoted Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell differentiation. Finally, adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8)-mediated delivery of Islr to hepatocytes increased BMP signaling and improved survival in our mouse model of hepatic metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Stromal BMP signaling predicts and modifies CRC progression and survival, and it can be therapeutically targeted by novel AAV-directed gene delivery to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kobayashi
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Krystyna A Gieniec
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Josephine A Wright
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadashi Lida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryota Ando
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobumi Suzuki
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamsin R M Lannagan
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jia Q Ng
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Akitoshi Hara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mari Ichinose
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Laura Vrbanac
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew J Lawrence
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tarik Sammour
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia; Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kay Uehara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Leszek Lisowski
- Translational Vectorology Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Vector and Genome Engineering Facility, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia; Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, The Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Centre, Puławy, Poland
| | - Ian E Alexander
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network and Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Yoku Hayakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lisa M Butler
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew C W Zannettino
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Jeff Hasty
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Alastair D Burt
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Precision and Molecular Pathology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Leedham
- Intestinal Stem Cell Biology Lab, Wellcome Trust Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Siddhartha Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
| | - Daniel L Worthley
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Susan L Woods
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
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17
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Taki T, Shiraki Y, Enomoto A, Weng L, Chen C, Asai N, Murakumo Y, Yokoi K, Takahashi M, Mii S. CD109 regulates in vivo tumor invasion in lung adenocarcinoma through TGF-β signaling. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4616-4628. [PMID: 33007133 PMCID: PMC7734007 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal invasion is considered an important prognostic factor in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The mechanisms underlying the formation of tumor stroma and stromal invasion have been studied in the lung; however, they are still unclear. CD109 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein highly expressed in several types of human malignant tumors including lung cancers. In this study, we investigated the in vivo functions of CD109 protein in malignant lung tumors. Initially, we identified an association between higher expression of CD109 protein in human lung adenocarcinoma and a significantly worse prognosis, according to immunohistochemical analysis. We also showed that CD109 deficiency significantly reduced the area of stromal invasive lesions in a genetically engineered CD109-deficient lung adenocarcinoma mouse model, which correlated with the results observed in human lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, we identified latent TGF-β binding protein-1 (LTBP1) as a CD109-interacting protein using mass spectrometry and confirmed their interaction by co-immunoprecipitation. Importantly, increased CD109 expression enhanced stromal TGF-β activation in the presence of LTBP1. Therefore, these data suggest the significance of the regulation of TGF-β signaling through CD109 and LTBP1 interaction in tumor stroma and also reveal the importance of CD109 expression levels in promoting lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and thus predicting the outcome of patients suffering from lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore, CD109 protein could be a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Taki
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and CancerNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Liang Weng
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of MedicineFujita Health UniversityToyoakeJapan
| | - Yoshiki Murakumo
- Department of PathologyKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaJapan
| | - Kohei Yokoi
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and CancerNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and CancerNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
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18
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Yamazaki S, Ohka F, Hirano M, Motomura K, Tanahashi K, Takeuchi K, Shiraki Y, Aoki K, Kitano Y, Shimizu H, Yamaguchi J, Maeda S, Enomoto A, Wakabayashi T, Natsume A. TB-03 Newly Established Meningioma Organoid Model Elucidated an Important Role of FOXM1 in Meningioma Progression. Neurooncol Adv 2020. [PMCID: PMC7699130 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa143.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningioma is the most frequently occurring intracranial neoplasms in adults. Tumor removal surgery and radiotherapy were the widely accepted standard treatment for meningioma. Most meningioma cases were cured by extended total removal. However, some tumors develop in locations less amenable to resection, resulting in tumor recurrence after incomplete tumor removal followed by radiotherapy. Although several comprehensive studies have revealed frequently found molecular alterations of meningiomas, effective treatment reagents targeting specific molecular alterations have not been identified yet because of limited number of representative research models such as tumor cell lines or animal models of meningiomas. Recently developed 3D culture technologies have led to the development of novel cancer models, termed organoid models, due to their quite high efficiency of establishment. In this study, we established primary organoid culture methods using malignant meningioma cell lines (e.g. HKBMM and IOMM-Lee) and patient-derived meningioma tissues. Using this novel method, we have been able to establish six organoid models (four WHO grade I meningiomas, one WHO grade III one and one solitary fibrous tumor (SFT)) using tumor tissues derived from six consecutive patients with 100% success rate. Histological analyses, whole exome sequencing and copy number analyses revealed that these organoids exhibited consistent histological features and molecular profiling with those of parental tumors. Using public database, we identified upregulated FOXM1 was correlated with increased tumor proliferation. Over-expression of FOXM1 in benign meningioma organoids increased organoid proliferation, while depletion of FOXM1 in malignant ones decreased their proliferation. We revealed that novel organoid model for meningioma enable to shed light on the tumor biology of meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Yamazaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Hirano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuya Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Tanahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Takeuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kosuke Aoki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yotaro Kitano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimizu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junya Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sachi Maeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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19
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Chen C, Enomoto A, Weng L, Taki T, Shiraki Y, Mii S, Ichihara R, Kanda M, Koike M, Kodera Y, Takahashi M. Complex roles of the actin-binding protein Girdin/GIV in DNA damage-induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4303-4317. [PMID: 32875699 PMCID: PMC7648047 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin‐binding protein Girdin is a hub protein that interacts with multiple proteins to regulate motility and Akt and trimeric G protein signaling in cancer cells. Girdin expression correlates with poor outcomes in multiple human cancers. However, those findings are not universal, as they depend on study conditions. Those data suggest that multiple aspects of Girdin function and its role in tumor cell responses to anticancer therapeutics must be reconsidered. In the present study, we found that Girdin is involved in DNA damage‐induced cancer cell apoptosis. An esophageal cancer cell line that exhibited high Girdin expression showed a marked sensitivity to UV‐mediated DNA damage compared to a line with low Girdin expression. When transcriptional activation of endogenous Girdin was mediated by an engineered CRISPR/Cas9 activation system, sensitivity to DNA damage increased in both stationary and migrating HeLa cancer cells. High Girdin expression was associated with dysregulated cell cycle progression and prolonged G1 and M phases. These features were accompanied by p53 activation, which conceivably increases cancer cell vulnerability to UV exposure. These data highlight the importance of understanding complex Girdin functions that influence cancer cell sensitivity to therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Liang Weng
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Tetsuro Taki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ichihara
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuro Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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20
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Esaki N, Enomoto A, Takagishi M, Mizutani Y, Iida T, Ushida K, Shiraki Y, Mii S, Takahashi M. The Daple-CK1ε complex regulates Dvl2 phosphorylation and canonical Wnt signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 532:406-413. [PMID: 32888647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis and cancer progression. The binding of Wnt ligands to their cognate receptors, the Frizzled (Fzd) family of proteins, recruits Dishevelled segment polarity protein (Dvl) to the plasma membrane and induces its phosphorylation via casein kinase 1 (CK1), which leads to the activation of β-catenin. Previous studies showed that Dishevelled-associating protein with a high frequency of leucine residues (Daple) is an important component of the Wnt signaling pathway and essential for Dvl phosphorylation. However, the mechanism by which Daple promotes CK1-mediated phosphorylation of Dvl is not fully understood. In this study, we found that Daple overexpression induced CK1ε-mediated Dvl2 phosphorylation at threonine 224 (Thr224). A Daple mutant (Daple ΔGCV) that lacks a carboxyl-terminal motif to associate with Dvl, retained the ability to interact with CK1ε, but did not induce Dvl phosphorylation, suggesting the importance of the Daple/Dvl/CK1ε trimeric protein complex. We further found that Thr224 phosphorylation of Dvl was required for full activation of β-catenin transcriptional activity. Consistent with this, wild-type Daple promoted β-catenin transcriptional activity, following dissociation of β-catenin and axin. Finally, Wnt3a stimulation increased the membrane localization of Daple and its association with Dvl, and Daple knockdown attenuated Wnt3a-mediated β-catenin transcriptional activity. Collectively, these data suggested a essential role of spatial Daple localization in CK1ε-mediated activation of Dvl in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutoshi Esaki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Maki Takagishi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tadashi Iida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kaori Ushida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan; International Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan.
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21
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Mizutani Y, Kobayashi H, Iida T, Asai N, Masamune A, Hara A, Esaki N, Ushida K, Mii S, Shiraki Y, Ando K, Weng L, Ishihara S, Ponik SM, Conklin MW, Haga H, Nagasaka A, Miyata T, Matsuyama M, Kobayashi T, Fujii T, Yamada S, Yamaguchi J, Wang T, Woods SL, Worthley D, Shimamura T, Fujishiro M, Hirooka Y, Enomoto A, Takahashi M. Meflin-Positive Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Inhibit Pancreatic Carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5367-5381. [PMID: 31439548 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) constitute a major component of the tumor microenvironment. Recent observations in genetically engineered mouse models and clinical studies have suggested that there may exist at least two functionally different populations of CAFs, that is, cancer-promoting CAFs (pCAF) and cancer-restraining CAFs (rCAF). Although various pCAF markers have been identified, the identity of rCAFs remains unknown because of the lack of rCAF-specific marker(s). In this study, we found that Meflin, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein that is a marker of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and maintains their undifferentiated state, is expressed by pancreatic stellate cells that are a source of CAFs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In situ hybridization analysis of 71 human PDAC tissues revealed that the infiltration of Meflin-positive CAFs correlated with favorable patient outcome. Consistent herewith, Meflin deficiency led to significant tumor progression with poorly differentiated histology in a PDAC mouse model. Similarly, genetic ablation of Meflin-positive CAFs resulted in poor differentiation of tumors in a syngeneic transplantation model. Conversely, delivery of a Meflin-expressing lentivirus into the tumor stroma or overexpression of Meflin in CAFs suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors. Lineage tracing revealed that Meflin-positive cells gave rise to α-smooth muscle actin-positive CAFs that are positive or negative for Meflin, suggesting a mechanism for generating CAF heterogeneity. Meflin deficiency or low expression resulted in straightened stromal collagen fibers, which represent a signature for aggressive tumors, in mouse or human PDAC tissues, respectively. Together, the data suggest that Meflin is a marker of rCAFs that suppress PDAC progression. SIGNIFICANCE: Meflin marks and functionally contributes to a subset of cancer-associated fibroblasts that exert antitumoral effects.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/79/20/5367/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tadashi Iida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Hara
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobutoshi Esaki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kaori Ushida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenju Ando
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Liang Weng
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Suzanne M Ponik
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Matthew W Conklin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Hisashi Haga
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Arata Nagasaka
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Japan
| | - Takaki Miyata
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsuyama
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Shigei Medical Research Institute, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoe Kobayashi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Shigei Medical Research Institute, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junpei Yamaguchi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tongtong Wang
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susan L Woods
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel Worthley
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hirooka
- Department of Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas Diseases, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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22
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Mii S, Enomoto A, Shiraki Y, Taki T, Murakumo Y, Takahashi M. CD109: a multifunctional GPI‐anchored protein with key roles in tumor progression and physiological homeostasis. Pathol Int 2019; 69:249-259. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Mii
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and CancerNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Tetsuro Taki
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakumo
- Department of PathologyKitasato University School of Medicine Sagamihara Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of PathologyNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Center for Neurological Disease and CancerNagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
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Kimura M, Shiraki Y, Ishibashi K, Umemura M. Remarkable Short-Term Regression of a Posterior Mediastinum Metastasis From Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma Treated With Nivolumab: A Case Report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 77:555.e1-555.e6. [PMID: 30576676 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC; not otherwise specified) is a rare odontogenic malignancy that is believed to arise from the odontogenic epithelium. In addition, some cases arise in odontogenic cysts or other benign precursors. There are no established treatment protocols for PIOC because of its rarity. In particular, no standard therapy has been established for patients with recurrent or metastatic PIOC. This report describes a case in which the use of nivolumab showed a marked treatment response in metastatic PIOC. The patient was a 71-year-old man with PIOC. The patient underwent segmental mandibulectomy with modified radical neck dissection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, including 2 cycles of paclitaxel, cetuximab, and carboplatin and 1 cycle of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil. The lesion rapidly enlarged during neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and surgical specimens showed no histologic therapeutic effects of chemotherapy. Three months after the surgery, contrast-enhanced computed tomograms showed posterior mediastinal lymph node metastasis. Treatment with nivolumab was initiated, and notable clinical improvement was noted after 2 cycles. Although it was a short-term treatment, remarkable effects were observed and no adverse events were noted during and after nivolumab treatment. Nivolumab could be an attractive treatment option for metastatic PIOC that is resistant to traditional chemotherapy and target therapy, including cetuximab. Further investigation of this treatment is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kimura
- Chief Surgeon, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Ishibashi
- Chief Surgeon, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Umemura
- Director, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
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Han YP, Enomoto A, Shiraki Y, Wang SQ, Wang X, Toyokuni S, Asai N, Ushida K, Ara H, Ohka F, Wakabayashi T, Ma J, Natsume A, Takahashi M. Significance of low mTORC1 activity in defining the characteristics of brain tumor stem cells. Neuro Oncol 2018; 19:636-647. [PMID: 28453744 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The significance of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity in the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) remains controversial. Previous findings showed that mTORC1 activation depleted the population of leukemia stem cells in leukemia, while maintaining the stemness in pancreatic CSCs. The purpose of this study was to examine the currently unknown role and significance of mTORC1 activity in brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs). Methods Basal mTORC1 activity and its kinetics were investigated in BTSC clones isolated from patients with glioblastoma and their differentiated progenies (DIFFs). The effects of nutrient deprivation and the mTORC1 inhibitors on cell proliferation were compared between the BTSCs and DIFFs. Tissue sections from patients with brain gliomas were examined for expression of BTSC markers and mTORC1 activity by immunohistochemistry. Results BTSCs presented lower basal mTORC1 activity under each culture condition tested and a more rapid decline of mTORC1 activity after nutrient deprivation than observed in DIFFs. The self-renewal capacity of BTSCs was unaffected by mTORC1 inhibition, whereas it effectively suppressed DIFF proliferation. In agreement, immunohistochemical staining of glioma tissues revealed low mTORC1 activity in tumor cells positive for BTSC markers. In in vitro culture, BTSCs exhibited resistance to the antitumor agent temozolomide. Conclusions Our findings indicated the importance of low mTORC1 activity in maintaining the undifferentiated state of BTSCs, implicating the relevance of manipulating mTORC1 activity when developing future strategies that target BTSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Peng Han
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shen-Qi Wang
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Xiaoze Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kaori Ushida
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hosne Ara
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Shiraki Y, Mii S, Enomoto A, Momota H, Han YP, Kato T, Ushida K, Kato A, Asai N, Murakumo Y, Aoki K, Suzuki H, Ohka F, Wakabayashi T, Todo T, Ogawa S, Natsume A, Takahashi M. Significance of perivascular tumour cells defined by CD109 expression in progression of glioma. J Pathol 2017; 243:468-480. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Shinji Mii
- Department of Pathology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Momota
- Division of Innovative Cancer Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yi-Peng Han
- Department of Pathology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Takuya Kato
- Department of Pathology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Kaori Ushida
- Department of Pathology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakumo
- Department of Pathology; Kitasato University School of Medicine; Sagamihara Japan
| | - Kosuke Aoki
- Department of Neurosurgery; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiromichi Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- Department of Neurosurgery; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Toshihiko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Tomoki Todo
- Division of Innovative Cancer Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
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Abstract
We present a case of stinging in the oral cavity caused by ingestion of the sperm bags of a squid. The patient experienced severe pain in her oral cavity immediately after eating raw squid. When she was examined at our hospital, we found that several small whitish spindle-shaped stings were stuck to the mucous membrane of the hard palate. A biopsy was performed, and the whitish stings were removed as well. We also performed a histological examination of the remaining part of the raw squid brought by the patient. The biopsy showed that the sperm bags of the squid had thrust into the squamous epithelium of the patient. The remaining part of the raw squid consisted of the testis and the sperm bags. After removal of all stings, the pain reduced, and the wound healed in due course. Larva migrans and anisakiasis are infections known to be caused by consumption of raw seafood. Although the condition reported here is relatively rare, doctors should also keep this condition in mind for patients reporting pain after eating raw seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Shiraki
- Department of Pathology, Tosei General Hospital, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
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Shiraki M, Kuroda T, Shiraki Y, Aoki C, Sasaki K, Tanaka S. Effects of bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and prevalent vertebral fractures on the risk of immobility. Osteoporos Int 2010; 21:1545-51. [PMID: 20135097 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-009-1121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY To clarify the contribution of osteoporosis to future immobilization, a prospective observational study was carried out on Japanese postmenopausal women. The prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) and vertebral fracture were independent risks for future immobilization. INTRODUCTION Immobilization by hip fracture requires more medical care and higher costs. Osteoporosis increases the risk of hip fracture, but there is little data linking osteoporosis and immobilization in postmenopausal Japanese women. METHODS The study participants consisted of postmenopausal ambulatory volunteers. Baseline information such as BMD, prevalent fractures, comorbidities, pain in the body, and variables were obtained from 1993, and time course of occurrence of immobilization was observed until 2008. RESULTS A total of 1,312 participants were enrolled and were observed for a total of 6.7 +/- 4.1 years. A total of 75 subjects suffered immobilization. In multivariate analysis to calculate the Cox's hazard ratio of baseline parameters for immobilization, four independent variables were observed: age (hazard ratio, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.29 to 1.80], p = 0.000), pain in the body (2.54 [1.42 to 4.89, p = 0.001]), low BMD (1.83 [1.10 to 3.13, p = 0.020]), and dementia (3.58 [91.80 to 6.76, p = 0.001]). The hazard ratio of prevalent vertebral fracture was 1.98 (1.20 to 3.30, p = 0.007) instead of low BMD of above model. CONCLUSION These results indicate that low BMD and prevalent vertebral fracture pose an independent risk for future immobilization in postmenopausal Japanese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shiraki
- Research Institute and Practice for Involutional Diseases, Nagano, Japan.
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Takahata Y, Hiruma M, Shiraki Y, Tokuhisa Y, Sugita T, Muto M. Treatment of dermatophyte onychomycosis with three pulses of terbinafine (500 mg day−1for a week). Mycoses 2009; 52:72-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01531.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sugita T, Shiraki Y, Hiruma M. Real-time PCR TaqMan assay for detectingTrichophyton tonsurans, a causative agent of tinea capitis, from hairbrushes. Med Mycol 2006; 44:579-81. [PMID: 16966179 DOI: 10.1080/13693780600717153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton tonsurans is currently an epidemic in the United States, Europe, and Japan, and the cultivation of this microorganism is necessary for a definitive diagnosis. We recently developed a real-time PCR TaqMan assay as a culture-independent method for the rapid detection of T. tonsurans from hairbrushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sugita
- Department of Microbiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Japan.
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Kuroda M, Katayama R, Nishio S, Onabe K, Shiraki Y. Hall effect measurement of InAsN alloy films grown directly on GaAs(001) substrates by RF‐MBE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.200303490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kuroda
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, 5‐1‐5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277‐8562, Japan
| | - R. Katayama
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, 5‐1‐5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277‐8562, Japan
| | - S. Nishio
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, 5‐1‐5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277‐8562, Japan
| | - K. Onabe
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, 5‐1‐5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277‐8562, Japan
| | - Y. Shiraki
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐8656, Japan
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Abstract
Cathepsin B, which was originally found to be a lysosomal cysteine protease, is also an important matrix protease. In this study, we investigated the expression of cathepsin B and cystatin C, the strongest inhibitor of cathepsin B, and measured the relative amounts of each in human breast cancer tissues. Cystatin C expression relative to cathepsin B expression was found to be decreased. This finding could be associated with the looseness of cancerous interstitial tissue, which might play a role in cancer invasion and metastasis. This report documents the first simultaneous investigation of cathepsin B and cystatin C in breast cancer tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yano
- Department of Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
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Wu J, Yaguchi H, Zhang B, Segawa Y, Onabe K, Shiraki Y. Optical Properties of Cubic GaN Grown on 3C-SiC (100) Substrates by Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-396x(200007)180:1<403::aid-pssa403>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Onabe K, Wu J, Katayama R, Zhao F, Nagayama A, Shiraki Y. Cubic GaN Films on GaAs (001) Substrates without Deep-Level Luminescence Grown by Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-396x(200007)180:1<15::aid-pssa15>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
We attempted to investigate whether vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) treatment effectively prevents the incidence of new fractures in osteoporosis. A total of 241 osteoporotic patients were enrolled in a 24-month randomized open label study. The control group (without treatment; n = 121) and the vitamin K2-treated group (n = 120), which received 45 mg/day orally vitamin K2, were followed for lumbar bone mineral density (LBMD; measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]) and occurrence of new clinical fractures. Serum level of Glu-osteocalcin (Glu-OC) and menaquinone-4 levels were measured at the end of the follow-up period. Serum level of OC and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were measured before and after the treatment. The background data of these two groups were identical. The incidence of clinical fractures during the 2 years of treatment in the control was higher than the vitamin K2-treated group (chi2 = 10.935; p = 0.0273). The percentages of change from the initial value of LBMD at 6, 12, and 24 months after the initiation of the study were -1.8 +/- 0.6%, -2.4 +/- 0.7%, and -3.3 +/- 0.8% for the control group, and 1.4 +/- 0.7%, -0.1 +/- 0.6%, and -0.5 +/- 1.0% for the vitamin K2-treated group, respectively. The changes in LBMD at each time point were significantly different between the control and the treated group (p = 0.0010 for 6 months, p = 0.0153 for 12 months, and p = 0.0339 for 24 months). The serum levels of Glu-OC at the end of the observation period in the control and the treated group were 3.0 +/- 0.3 ng/ml and 1.6 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.0001), while the serum level of OC measured by the conventional radioimmunoassay (RIA) showed a significant rise (42.4 +/-6.9% from the basal value) in the treated group at 24 months (18.2 +/- 6.1% for the controls;p = 0.0081). There was no significant change in urinary DPD excretion in the treated group. These findings suggest that vitamin K2 treatment effectively prevents the occurrence of new fractures, although the vitamin K2-treated group failed to increase in LBMD. Furthermore, vitamin K2 treatment enhances gamma-carboxylation of the OC molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shiraki
- Research Institute and Practice for Involutional Diseases, Nagano Prefecture, Japan
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Nagayama A, Katayama R, Nakadan N, Miwa K, Yaguchi H, Wu J, Onabe K, Shiraki Y. Substrate Misorientation Dependence of the Hexagonal Phase Inclusion in Cubic GaN Films Grown by Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-396x(199911)176:1<513::aid-pssa513>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kaneko K, Hayashidani H, Takahashi K, Shiraki Y, Limawongpranee S, Ogawa M. Bacterial contamination in the environment of food factories processing ready-to-eat fresh vegetables. J Food Prot 1999; 62:800-4. [PMID: 10419276 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-62.7.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A total of 196 samples were collected from equipment for trimming, washing, slicing, soaking, dehydrating, blending, and packaging and from the floor and air of operation rooms before and after operation in two food factories processing ready-to-eat fresh vegetables located in the suburbs of Tokyo. Heavy contamination determined by an aerobic plate count of >5.0 log CFU/cm2 or ml was observed after operation in most of the samples examined, as were samples taken before operation on the interior surfaces of equipment for washing, slicing, dehydrating, and blending, the surfaces of blades for slicing, and the floor surfaces of operation rooms. From these environmental samples, the coliform group was detected before operation. Although 67 strains of 70 coliforms isolated were nonfecal, three Escherichia coli strains were detected in the surface of the operation room floors and the gloves of employees. Bacillus cereus was isolated from 9 of 86 and 17 of 85 samples examined before and after operation with the number of 2.0 to 3.0 log CFU/cm2 or ml. Listeria spp. were not detected in the environment of the food factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaneko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan.
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Kaneko KI, Hayashidani H, Ohtomo Y, Kosuge J, Kato M, Takahashi K, Shiraki Y, Ogawa M. Bacterial contamination of ready-to-eat foods and fresh products in retail shops and food factories. J Food Prot 1999; 62:644-9. [PMID: 10382654 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-62.6.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Raw vegetables cut for salad, cooked salad, cooked rice, boiled noodles, bean curd, and cooked Japanese foods were purchased in 27 retail shops in Tokyo. Intact vegetables before being processed and ready-to-eat fresh salad products were obtained from two food factories located in the suburbs of Tokyo. Two hundred thirty-eight retail samples, 137 samples of intact vegetables, and 159 samples of fresh products were examined for aerobic plate count (APC), coliforms, Escherichia coli, Listeria spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. The APC of retail foods were 2.1 to 5.7 log CFU/g, and the range for the coliforms was 0.1 to 2.3 log CFU/g. The APC and coliform values showed that the raw vegetables cut for salad were the most heavily contaminated among the six kinds of ready-to-eat foods examined. Although L. monocytogenes was not detected, two samples of raw vegetables and five kinds of cooked foods yielded Listeria spp. S. aureus was detected in one sample of Japanese cooked food. The APC of the intact vegetables were 2.9 to 7.3 log CFU/g upon arrival and 2.2 to 7.2 log CFU/g after 3 days storage at 10 degrees C. The APC of the fresh products were 3.4 to 7.6 log CFU/g upon arrival and 4.7 to 8.7 log CFU/g after 3 days storage at 10 degrees C. The isolation rates for coliforms were 6.1 to 50% for intact vegetables and 50 to 66.7% for fresh products. E. coli was detected only in the fresh products. B. cereus was isolated from 20.1% (17 of 81) of the intact vegetables and 9.2% (8 of 87) of the fresh products.
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Affiliation(s)
- K I Kaneko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan.
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41
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Abstract
The integral roles of heat shock proteins (hsps) in the cell cycle and in multistep processes leading to tumorigenesis have been implied. We examined the expression of hsp90alpha, hsp90beta and cyclin D1 in human breast cancer. Levels of mRNAs coding for hsp90alpha and cyclin D1 were significantly higher in cancer tissues than in non-cancer tissues. Moreover, there was a close relationship between the extent of the two mRNA levels, suggesting that increased expression of hsp90alpha, an isoform of the hsp90 family, is associated with the proliferation of human breast cancer. Hsp90beta was expressed in cancer cells, but not associated with cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yano
- Department of Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Shiraki Y. [Cell death induced by noradrenaline in cultured chick spinal cord neurons]. Nihon Ika Daigaku Zasshi 1998; 65:34-41. [PMID: 9513366 DOI: 10.1272/jnms1923.65.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that some substances which are originally transmitters affect neuronal development. Though noradrenaline (NA) containing neurons in the brain-stem innervate motoneurons as well as interneurons in the spinal cord, little is known about whether or not NA may play roles other than neurotransmission during development. Therefore, we have examined the effects of NA on developing neurons in the spinal cords of chick embryos. The dissociated cells were incubated with chemicals and the number of surviving cells was counted 2 days later. It was found that NA induced cell death in a dose dependent manner (EC50, 13 microM). Phentolamine, an alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist, prevented the cell death induced by NA (KD, 1.5 nM), whereas, alprenolol, a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, did not. Furthermore, prazosin, an alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, prevented the NA-induced cell death, but yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, did not. Dithiothreitol, an antioxidant, did not prevent NA-induced cell death. These results indicate that NA induces cell death in the developing neurons in the chick spinal cord through alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shiraki
- Department of Pharmacology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Shiraki M, Shiraki Y, Hosoi T, Ouchi Y. 4.P.130 Association of high body fat mass with Xba I polymorphism in ER gene in postmenopausal women. Atherosclerosis 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(97)89656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
The phenotypes of apolipoprotein E (Apo E) and their relationship with the bone mineral density (BMD) were examined in 284 unrelated postmenopausal Japanese women aged 47-82 years (64.0 +/- 1.0 years, mean +/- SE). The Apo E phenotype was analyzed by the isoelectric focusing method, followed by immunoblotting. The relationship between the Apo E phenotype and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene or estrogen receptor (ER) gene genotypes was also studied in the same population. The Apo E phenotypic frequencies in our population were 9.9% for E3/2, 66.5% for E3/3, 1.8% for E4/2, 19.7% for E4/3, and 2.1% for E4/4. We classified these phenotypes into three categories: Apo E4-/- (E3/2 and E3/3, n = 217, Apo E4 +/- (E4/3 and E4/2, n = 61), and Apo E4+/+ (E4/4, n = 6). The age, body weight, body height, and years since menopause were not significantly different among these three categories. The lumbar BMD values in these three groups were significantly different in the order of E4-/- (0.91 +/- 0.01 g/cm2), E4 +/- (0.85 +/- 0.02 g/cm2), and E4+/+ (0.83 +/- 0.06 g/cm2) (p = 0.031). The same trend was also observed for the Z score of the total BMD (p = 0.022). The serum level of intact osteocalcin in E4+/+ (15.2 +/- 5.7 ng/ml) was higher than in E4-/- (7.7 +/- 0.3 ng/ml) or E4 +/- (7.7 +/- 0.7 ng/ml) (p = 0.004 by analysis of variance). However, there were no other significant differences in the serum or urinary levels of bone turnover markers. Serum cholesterol in the E4+/+ group tended to be higher than in the other two groups (p = 0.05). There were no significant associations of the VDR and ER genotypes with the Apo E4 phenotype. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed Apo E4 to be a significant, independent predictor of the Z score of the lumbar BMD. The effect of the Apo E4 allele on the Z score of the lumbar BMD (-0.493 +/- 0.152) was not significantly different from that in the AAB of VDR (-0.616 +/- 0.225) or PPxx of ER (-0.785 +/- 0.314). In conclusion, the Apo E4 allele is associated with a low bone mass in postmenopausal Japanese.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shiraki
- Research Institute and Practice for Involutional Diseases, Nagano Prefecture, Japan
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Kato T, Chen JT, Katase K, Hirai Y, Hasumi K, Ogata E, Shiraki Y, Shiraki M. Effect of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 on loss of bone mineral density immediately after artificial menopause. Endocr J 1997; 44:299-304. [PMID: 9228466 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.44.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1 alpha(OH)D3), a series of clinical trials, preventive and therapeutic, were performed in an open label manner in women immediately after oophorectomy. The series included a total of 121 oophorectomized subjects, whose lumbar bone mineral density (L2-4BMD) was followed by the use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. (1) Preventive trial: 61 women who had undergone premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy, were divided into 3 groups (Group C: control; Group L: 0.25 micrograms 1 alpha (OH)D3/day; Group H: 0.50-0.75 micrograms 1 alpha (OH)D3/day). The changes in BMD and chemical indices were followed up for one year. (2) Therapeutic trial: the trial included 60 premenopausally oophorectomized subjects having L2-4BMD lower than the normal control level minus 1SD which has been reported in age-matched normal Japanese women. These subjects were divided into 3 groups and treated in the same way as in the preventive trial. In the preventive trial, L2-4BMD decreased by 8.2%, 6.5% and 4.5% in groups C, L and H, respectively, at 12 months of treatment, whereas in the therapeutic trial, L2-4BMD decreased by 3.6%, 3.2% and 0.8% in the groups C, L and H, respectively, at 12 months of treatment. In conclusion, 1 alpha(OH)D3 was found to be effective both to prevent the bone loss subsequent to bilateral oophorectomy and improve low bone mass after oophorectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kato
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Machida T, Hirai H, Komiyama S, Shiraki Y. Size-dependent transmission coefficients of edge channels in the quantum-Hall regime. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:16860-16863. [PMID: 9985815 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.16860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Machida T, Hirai H, Komiyama S, Osada T, Shiraki Y. Current-induced decoupling of edge states in the integer quantum Hall effect. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:R14261-R14264. [PMID: 9985502 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.r14261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Komiyama S, Kawaguchi Y, Osada T, Shiraki Y. Evidence of Nonlocal Breakdown of the Integer Quantum Hall Effect. Phys Rev Lett 1996; 77:558-561. [PMID: 10062841 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Muraki K, Fujiwara A, Fukatsu S, Shiraki Y, Takahashi Y. Evidence for resonant electron capture and charge buildup in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs quantum wells. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 53:15477-15480. [PMID: 9983375 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.15477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hirai H, Komiyama S, Fukatsu S, Osada T, Shiraki Y, Toyoshima H. Dependence of inter-edge-channel scattering on temperature and magnetic field: Insight into the edge-confining potential. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 52:11159-11164. [PMID: 9980216 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.11159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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