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Wu XL, Li N, Xu C, Yang ZW, Sun QH, Dai XY, Shi TY, Yang SQ, Gu CL, Cheng K. [Effect of electroacupuncture on pain threshold and expression of pain-related factors cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 and β-endorphin in rats with chronic pelvic pain syndrome]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2022; 47:531-536. [PMID: 35764521 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20210613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the possible mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) underlying improvement of chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). METHODS Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, sham operation, EA and sham EA groups (n=10 rats in each group). The CPPS model was established by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA, 50 μL) into the ventral lobes of the prostate. EA (2 Hz/100 Hz) was applied to "Guanyuan"(CV4), "Zhongji"(CV3), "Sanyinjiao" (SP6) and "Huiyang"(BL35) once daily for 40 min, 5 days a week for 4 weeks, while rats in the sham EA group were treated with the same acupoints but without electrical stimulation. Mechanical pain threshold (MPT) and heat pain threshold (HPT) were measured before and after intervention. The body weight and prostate weight were measured and prostate index was calculated. Histopathological changes of prostate tissue were observed by HE staining. The levels of cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and β-endorphin (β-EP) in prostate tissue were detected by ELISA. RESULTS Compared with the control and sham operation groups, the MPT and HPT were significantly lower (P<0.01), and the prostate weight, prostate index, the contents of PGE2 and COX-2 were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the content of β-EP was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, the MPT and HPT were significantly increased (P<0.01) after 3 and 4 courses of treatment, and the prostate weight, prostate index, the contents of PGE2 and COX-2 were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while the content of β-EP was significantly increased (P<0.01) in the EA group, rather than in the sham EA group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION EA can effectively relieve pain in CPPS rats, which may be related to its functions in down-regulating COX-2 and PGE2, and up-regulating β-EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Wu
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chang Xu
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Yang
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian-Hui Sun
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xing-Ye Dai
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tian-Yu Shi
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shou-Qin Yang
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chun-Ling Gu
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Jose SP, M R, S S, Rajan S, Saji S, Narayanan V, S S. Anti-inflammatory effect of Kaba Sura Kudineer (AYUSH approved COVID-19 drug)-A Siddha poly-herbal formulation against lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory response in RAW-264.7 macrophages cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114738. [PMID: 34653521 PMCID: PMC8507575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal importance and potential activity of Siddha herbal formulations have proved over several centuries against a wide range of causative agents as Influenza, Dengue, Chikungunya, and Tuberculosis. The traditional medicine system of Siddha is a valuable therapeutic approach for treating viral respiratory infections like Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and can be effectively employed to target the host response and preventive care to boost the immune system. Kaba Sura Kudineer (KSK), an official polyherbal formulation has been used in Siddha traditional medicine for centuries. However, the role of KSK in regulating inflammation and the underlying molecular mechanisms has remained elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY The goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of KSK using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Raw 264.7 murine macrophage cells were used for this study. The Inflammatory mediators and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The NF-κB nulcear translocation and protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 was analyzed with westernblot. RESULTS KSK supplementation decreased LPS mediated TLR-4 production and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2 and PGE-2. Moreover, it inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and thereby inhibited the expression of iNOS in the cell. The Western blot analysis further confirmed that KSK strongly prevented the LPS-induced degradation of IκB which is normally required for the activation of NF-κB and hereby suppressed nuclear translocation of NF-κB. The protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 was significantly decreased with the presence of KSK treatment. Results suggested that KSK manipulates its anti-inflammatory effects mainly through blocking the TLR mediated NF-κB signal transduction pathways. CONCLUSIONS Together, this study has proven that KSK could be a potential therapeutic drug for alleviating excessive inflammation in many inflammation-associated diseases like COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenia P Jose
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Palai Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Ratheesh M
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Palai Kottayam, Kerala, India.
| | - Sheethal S
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Palai Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Sony Rajan
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Palai Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Sangeeth Saji
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Palai Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Vimal Narayanan
- Siddha Clinical Research Unit SRCU, Safdarjung Hospital, A Unit of Central Council for Research in Siddha, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandya S
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science IISc, Bangalore, India
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Attia H, Al-Rasheed N, Mohamad R, Al-Rasheed N, Al-Amin M. The antifibrotic and fibrolytic properties of date fruit extract via modulation of genotoxicity, tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinases and nuclear factor- kappa B pathway in a rat model of hepatotoxicity. BMC Complement Altern Med 2016; 16:414. [PMID: 27776513 PMCID: PMC5078931 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis and its end point; cirrhosis, are the major cause of liver failure and death in patients with chronic liver disease. Therefore, the need for an effective treatment is evident. This study was designed to assess the potential effects of aqueous extract of date fruits, either flesh (DFE) or pits (DPE), on oxidative DNA damage and liver inflammation induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and whether they are related to inhibition of nuclear factor-κB pathway. In addition, the fibrolytic potential was evaluated via measuring matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases -1 and -2. METHODS Rats were divided into the following groups: normal control, model control (CCl4 only), CCl4 + DFE, CCl4 + DPE and CCl4 + coffee. Coffee was used as a positive control. Fibrosis was induced by chronic administration of CCl4 (0.4 ml/kg) 3× a week for 8 weeks, and rats were treated with 6 ml/kg/day of DFE or DPE for 8 weeks. Liver homogenate was prepared for evaluation of oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammatory and fibrolytic markers. Data are analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by a Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. RESULTS Both DFE and DPE significantly attenuated CCl4-induced oxidative damage as indicated by reducing lipid, protein and DNA oxidation in addition to increasing the levels of hepatic catalase activity. Both extracts blocked the accumulation of collagen I in the liver and ameliorated the increased expression of collagen III and α-smooth muscle actin suggesting suppression of profibrotic response induced by CCl4. DFE and DPE also upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 and attenuated the nuclear factor-κB activation and cycloxygenase-2 expression reflecting their anti-inflammatory potential. Additionally, both flesh and pits extracts attenuated the increase in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases -1 and -2 suggesting their fibrolytic activity. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that DFE or DPE can prevent liver fibrosis by suppressing genotoxicity and nuclear factor-κB inflammatory pathway and by promoting collagen degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Nouf Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raeesa Mohamad
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Al-Amin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Tang Q, Shang F, Wang X, Yang Y, Chen G, Chen Y, Zhang J, Xu X. Combination use of ferulic acid, ligustrazine and tetrahydropalmatine inhibits the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue: a multi-target therapy for endometriosis rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 151:1218-1225. [PMID: 24389027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ferulic acid (FA), ligustrazine (LZ) and tetrahydropalmatine (THP) are separately isolated from Chinese Angelica, Szechwan Lovage Rhizome and Rhizoma in the Jiawei-Foshou-San formula, a popular traditional Chinese medicine for irregular menses. It has been reported that the combination use of FA+LZ+THP has similar effect on endometriosis, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study was to investigate the combination effects and mechanisms of FA+LZ+THP on endometriosis rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty endometriosis rats were intragastricly treated with FA+LZ+THP for 4 wk. The volume of ectopic endometrial tissue was measured to evaluate the effects. Then the changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and ERE pathway were indicated by the levels of E2, GnRH, FSH and LH, and the expressions of ER, HSP90 and COX-2, respectively. In addition, peritoneal macrophages of each rat were cultured in vitro and treated with (FA+LZ+THP)-medicated serum for 24h. The proliferation and phagocytosis abilities, the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, and the expression of IκBα were then measured for the changes of peritoneal macrophage activities. RESULTS Combination use of FA+LZ+THP diminished the volume of the ectopic endometrial tissues (P<0.05 or P<0.01). It also decreased the E2 level, suppressed the expression of GnRH, FSH and LH, and decreased the protein expression of ER, HSP90 and COX-2 (all P<0.05 or P<0.01). The phagocytosis ability of peritoneal macrophage was enhanced by (FA+LZ+THP)-medicated serum (P<0.05) with no change of proliferation (P>0.05). Moreover, IL-1β and TNF-α were downregulated (both P<0.05 or P<0.01) and IκBα was upregulated by the (FA+LZ+THP)-medicated serum (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The combination use of FA, LZ and THP could inhibit the growth of ectopic endometrial tissue in endometriosis rats. It might be related to the down-regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, the amelioration in ERE pathway and the improvement of peritoneal macrophage activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Constructing Discipline by the State Administrative Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fanghong Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Constructing Discipline by the State Administrative Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaocui Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Constructing Discipline by the State Administrative Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Constructing Discipline by the State Administrative Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Research Center of Medical Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Constructing Discipline by the State Administrative Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jifen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Constructing Discipline by the State Administrative Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, The Key Constructing Discipline by the State Administrative Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Zhang ZH, Jiang X, Wang JG. Role of cycloxygenase-2 in ulcerative colitis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:3533-3538. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i31.3533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays an important role in the development and prognosis of ulcerative colitis. First, it may initiate inflammatory process. Many studies show that expression of COX-2 is significantly increased in the lesion of ulcerative colitis. During regenerative phase, inhibition of COX-2 may hinder the healing process, and thereafter exacerbate symptoms. COX-2-induced regeneration is monitored under delicate systems. If the balance of this system is disturbed by unknown factors, dysplasia or even carcinoma may develop.
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Wang BF, Cheng YA, Wang XJ, Liu ZG, Ma HB, Bai MH, Dang SS, Jia XL. Inhibitory effect of saikosaponin-d on the angiogenesis of experimental hepatocarcinoma in rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:1273-1280. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i12.1273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of saikosaponin-d (SSd) on the expressions of cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and CD34 during hepatocellular carcinogenesis induced by diethylinitrosamine (DEN).
METHODS: Ninety male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (n = 10), model group (n = 20) and three treatment groups (n = 20 in each group). Except for the control group, the other groups were administered (ig) with 2 g/L DEN at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight (5 times/wk for 16 wk). At the same time, the rats in the treatment groups were injected intraperitoneally with SSd at different doses (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg) once per day for 16 wk. The rats were anesthetized and killed at 6, 12, and 16 wk. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to examine the changes of liver pathology and the expression of COX-2, VEGF and CD34 in liver tissues were dynamically monitored by SABC immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: During 6, 12, and 16 wk of experiment, typical pathological changes such hepatocyte injury, hyperplasia, cirrhosis, and carcinogenesis appeared in the rats of model group. Both the volume and the number of tumors were significantly reduced in 3 SSd treatment groups. Under microscope, the cancer cells in the rats of model group showed polymorphic and abnormal shape. In contrast, the cancer cells in the rats of SSd treatment groups were well differentiated. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression of COX-2 and VEGF and the value of microvessel density (MVD) in the model group were low in the early stage of carcinogenesis, but they were all remarkably increased in the stage of carcinoma. Whereas, the expression of COX-2 and VEGF and MVD value were all reduced in every stage of carcinogenesis after SSd treatment, especially in the stage of carcinoma after high-dose SSd treatment. There was a highly positive correlation between COX-2 and VEGF expression (r = 0.815, P < 0.01), VEGF expression and MVD value (r = 0.862, P < 0.01) and between COX-2 expression and MVD value (r = 0.726, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: SSd has inhibitory effect on the angiogenesis during DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats, which may be related to the down-regulation of COX-2 expression and VEGF activity.
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