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Schindler M, Endlich N. Zebrafish as a model for podocyte research. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F369-F381. [PMID: 38205541 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00335.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Podocytes, specialized postmitotic cells, are central players in various kidney-related diseases. Zebrafish have become a valuable model system for studying podocyte biology because they are genetically easy to manipulate, transparent, and their glomerular structure is similar to that of mammals. This review provides an overview of the knowledge of podocyte biology in zebrafish larvae, with particular focus on their essential contribution to understanding the mechanisms that underlie kidney diseases as well as supporting drug development. In addition, special attention is given to advances in live-imaging techniques allowing the observation of dynamic processes, including podocyte motility, podocyte process behavior, and glomerulus maturation. The review further addresses the functional aspects of podocytes in zebrafish larvae. This includes topics such as glomerular filtration, ultrastructural analyses, and evaluation of podocyte response to nephrotoxic insults. Studies presented in this context have provided important insights into the maintenance and resistance of the glomerular filtration barrier in zebrafish larvae and explored the potential transferability of these findings to mammals such as mice, rats, and most importantly, humans. The recent ability to identify potential therapeutic targets represents a promising new way to identify drugs that could effectively treat podocyte-associated glomerulopathies in humans. In summary, this review gives an overview about the importance of zebrafish as a model for podocyte-related disease and targeted drug development. It also highlights the key role of advanced imaging techniques in transparent zebrafish larvae, improving our understanding of glomerular diseases and the significant potential for translation of these findings to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicole Endlich
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Kaiser-Graf D, Schulz A, Mangelsen E, Rothe M, Bolbrinker J, Kreutz R. Tissue lipidomic profiling supports a mechanistic role of the prostaglandin E2 pathway for albuminuria development in glomerular hyperfiltration. Front Netw Physiol 2023; 3:1271042. [PMID: 38205443 PMCID: PMC10777844 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2023.1271042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Background: Glomerular hyperfiltration (GH) is an important mechanism in the development of albuminuria in hypertension. The Munich Wistar Frömter (MWF) rat is a non-diabetic model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with GH due to inherited low nephron number resulting in spontaneous albuminuria and podocyte injury. In MWF rats, we identified prostaglandin (PG) E2 (PGE2) signaling as a potential causative mechanism of albuminuria in GH. Method: For evaluation of the renal PGE2 metabolic pathway, time-course lipidomic analysis of PGE2 and its downstream metabolites 15-keto-PGE2 and 13-14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2 was conducted in urine, plasma and kidney tissues of MWF rats and albuminuria-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS). Results: Lipidomic analysis revealed no dysregulation of plasma PGs over the time course of albuminuria development, while glomerular levels of PGE2 and 15-keto-PGE2 were significantly elevated in MWF compared to albuminuria-resistant SHR. Overall, averaged PGE2 levels in glomeruli were up to ×150 higher than the corresponding 15-keto-PGE2 levels. Glomerular metabolic ratios of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) were significantly lower, while metabolic ratios of prostaglandin reductases (PTGRs) were significantly higher in MWF rats with manifested albuminuria compared to SHR, respectively. Conclusion: Our data reveal glomerular dysregulation of the PGE2 metabolism in the development of albuminuria in GH, resulting at least partly from reduced PGE2 degradation. This study provides first insights into dynamic changes of the PGE2 pathway that support a role of glomerular PGE2 metabolism and signaling for early albuminuria manifestation in GH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Kaiser-Graf
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela Schulz
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Mangelsen
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Bolbrinker
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Mubaraki AA, Alotaibi WD, Sibyani AK, Alrbaiai GT, Almalki HS, Atallah HM, Basfar AS, Alqaedi A, Althobaiti HA, Algethami MM, Althobaiti YA. Prevalence of stroke among patients with chronic kidney disease, Taif, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2023; 44:1139-1144. [PMID: 37926452 PMCID: PMC10712769 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.11.20230206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prevalence of stroke among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in Taif, Saudi Arabia. METHODS A multicentric retrospective study was carried out from May 2021 to August 2022 on 4 dialysis centers in Taif, Saudi Arabia. With a total of 1857 CKD patients (aged ≥18 years old) participated in this study. Data were collected by reviewing patients' files. RESULTS Approximately 98.3% of the participants had severely decreased glomerular filtration rate. Approximately 49.1% of them were on dialysis; the majority of them (87.2%) underwent hemodialysis. The prevalence of stroke in these CKD patients was 8.3%. Ischemic stroke was the most frequently reported issue (81.2%). Ischemic stroke was comparatively more frequently observed in peritoneal dialysis patients (12.1%); whereas hemorrhagic stroke was more on hemodialysis patients with statistically significant association (p=0.029). However, there was no significant association between the prevalence of stroke and stages of CKD. CONCLUSION The prevalence of stroke in our cohort was 8.3%, and the majority of cases were ischemic strokes. Furthermore, ischemic strokes were more frequent in peritoneal dialysis patients, whereas hemorrhagic strokes occurred more frequently in hemodialysis patients with a statistically significant association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan A. Mubaraki
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waad D. Alotaibi
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Afnan K. Sibyani
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ghaida T. Alrbaiai
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Haneen S. Almalki
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hashim M. Atallah
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah S. Basfar
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Asrar Alqaedi
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hisham A. Althobaiti
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed M. Algethami
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Youssef A. Althobaiti
- From the Department of Medicine (Mubaraki); from the College of Medicine (Atallah, Basfar), Taif University, from the Department of Internal Medicine (Alotaibi), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital; from the Department of Medicine (Y. A. Althobaiti), King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, from the Department of Nephrology (Alqaedi), Taif Children Hospital, from the Department of Medicine (H. A. Althobaiti), King Faisal Medical Complex, from the Department of Medicine (Algethami), Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, from the Department of Neurology (Sibyani), National Guard Health Affairs, from the Department of Neurology (Alrbaiai), King Abdullah Medical Complex, Directorate of Health Affairs, Jeddah, and from the Department of Emergency Medicine (Almalki), Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Gabriel R, Boukichou-Abdelkader N, Gilis-Januszewska A, Makrilakis K, Gómez-Huelgas R, Kamenov Z, Paulweber B, Satman I, Djordjevic P, Alkandari A, Mitrakou A, Lalic N, Egido J, Más-Fontao S, Calvet JH, Pastor JC, Lindström J, Lind M, Acosta T, Silva L, Tuomilehto J. Reduction in the Risk of Peripheral Neuropathy and Lower Decrease in Kidney Function with Metformin, Linagliptin or Their Fixed-Dose Combination Compared to Placebo in Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12052035. [PMID: 36902821 PMCID: PMC10004435 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of glucose-lowering drugs on peripheral nerve and kidney function in prediabetes. METHODS Multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 658 adults with prediabetes treated for 1 year with metformin, linagliptin, their combination or placebo. Endpoints are small fiber peripheral neuropathy (SFPN) risk estimated by foot electrochemical skin conductance (FESC < 70 μSiemens) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). RESULTS Compared to the placebo, the proportion of SFPN was reduced by 25.1% (95% CI:16.3-33.9) with metformin alone, by 17.3% (95% CI 7.4-27.2) with linagliptin alone, and by 19.5% (95% CI 10.1-29.0) with the combination linagliptin/metformin (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). eGFR remained +3.3 mL/min (95% CI: 0.38-6.22) higher with the combination linagliptin/metformin than with the placebo (p = 0.03). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) decreased more with metformin monotherapy -0.3 mmol/L (95%CI: -0.48; 0.12, p = 0.0009) and with the combination metformin/linagliptin -0.2 mmol/L (95% CI: -0.37; -0.03) than with the placebo (p = 0.0219). Body weight (BW) decreased by -2.0 kg (95% CI: -5.65; -1.65, p = 0.0006) with metformin monotherapy, and by -1.9 kg (95% CI: -3.02; -0.97) with the combination metformin/linagliptin as compared to the placebo (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS in people with prediabetes, a 1 year treatment with metformin and linagliptin, combined or in monotherapy, was associated with a lower risk of SFPN, and with a lower decrease in eGFR, than treatment with placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gabriel
- Departamento de Salud Internacional, Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- World Community for Prevention of Diabetes Foundation (WCPD), 28001 Madrid, Spain
- Asociación para la Investigación y Prevención de la Diabetes y Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PREDICOR), 28001 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Nisa Boukichou-Abdelkader
- Asociación para la Investigación y Prevención de la Diabetes y Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PREDICOR), 28001 Madrid, Spain
- EVIDEM CONSULTORES, 28030 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ricardo Gómez-Huelgas
- Internal Medicine Department, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga (UMA), 29018 Málaga, Spain
| | - Zdravko Kamenov
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Multi-Profile Hospital for Active Treatment Alexandrovska EAD, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- Gemeinnuetzige Salzburger Landeskliniken Betriebsgesellschaft (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ilhan Satman
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Nebojsa Lalic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jesús Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastián Más-Fontao
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Carlos Pastor
- Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marcus Lind
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, NU-Hospital Group, 451 53 Uddevalla, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tania Acosta
- Department of Public Health, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
| | | | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Departamento de Salud Internacional, Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- World Community for Prevention of Diabetes Foundation (WCPD), 28001 Madrid, Spain
- Asociación para la Investigación y Prevención de la Diabetes y Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PREDICOR), 28001 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Kang H, Calafat AM, Karvonen-Gutierrez CA, Park SK. Isomer-Specific Serum Concentrations of Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid among U.S. Adults: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS). Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:385-394. [PMID: 36534511 PMCID: PMC10103141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical fluorination manufacture of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), one of the most studied per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, produces mixtures of linear and branched isomers, but little is known about human exposure to linear or branched PFOS isomers. We examined determinants affecting isomer-specific patterns of PFOS in serum in two adult populations in the United States, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS). After adjusting for demographic variables, fish consumption (in both populations), a glomerular filtration rate above 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (observed in NHANES; not tested in SWAN-MPS), premenopausal status (only observed in SWAN-MPS), and less consumption of processed food (observed in SWAN-MPS; not tested in NHANES) were associated with a higher proportion of linear PFOS. Non-Hispanic Black and Asian participants were likely to have a higher proportion of linear PFOS than non-Hispanic White participants in both populations. Our findings suggest that isomer-specific patterns of PFOS serum concentrations in humans vary depending on population characteristics that affect PFOS exposure and excretion. Consideration of specific PFOS isomers in future human biomonitoring and epidemiologic studies can provide useful insight to better understand PFOS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habyeong Kang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan48109, United States
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia30341, United States
| | - Carrie A Karvonen-Gutierrez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan48109, United States
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan48109, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan48109, United States
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Punyaratabandhu N, Dechadilok P, Triampo W, Katavetin P. Hydrodynamic model for renal microvascular filtration: Effects of physiological and hemodynamic changes on glomerular size-selectivity. Microcirculation 2022; 29:e12779. [PMID: 35879876 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The first step in renal urine formation is ultrafiltration across the glomerular barrier. The change in its nanostructure has been associated with nephrotic syndromes. Effects of physiological and hemodynamic factor alterations associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) on glomerular permselectivity are examined through a mathematical model employing low-Reynolds-number hydrodynamics and hindered transport theory. METHODS Glomerular capillaries are represented as networks of cylindrical tubes with multilayered walls. Glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is a fibrous medium with bimodal fiber sizes. Epithelial slit fiber spacing follows a lognormal distribution based on reported electron micrographs with the highest resolution. Endothelial fenestrae are filled with fibers the size of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Effects of fiber-macromolecule steric and hydrodynamic interactions are included. Focusing on diabetic nephropathy, the physiological and hemodynamic factors employed in the computation are those reported for healthy humans and patients with early-but-overt diabetic nephropathy. The macromolecule concentration is obtained as a finite element solution of the convection-diffusion equation. RESULTS Computed sieving coefficients averaged along the capillary length agree well with ficoll sieving coefficients from studies in humans for most solute radii. GBM thickening and the loss of the slit diaphragm hardly affect glomerular permselectivity. GAG volume fraction reduction in the endothelial fenestrae, however, significantly increases macromolecule filtration. Increased renal plasma flow rate (RPF), glomerular hypertension, and reduction of lumen osmotic pressure cause a slight sieving coefficient decrease. These effects are amplified by an increased macromolecule size. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that glomerular hypertension and the reduction in the oncotic pressure decreases glomerular macromolecule filtration. Reduction of RPF and changes in the glomerular barrier structure associated with DN, however, increase the solute sieving. Damage to GAGs caused by hyperglycemia is likely to be the most prominent factor affecting glomerular size-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Panadda Dechadilok
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wannapong Triampo
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics CHE, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pisut Katavetin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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7
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Weinstein AM. Assessing proteinuria: value added from a mathematical model. J Physiol 2022; 600:1817-1818. [PMID: 35234287 DOI: 10.1113/jp282967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alan M Weinstein
- Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University
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Bolten JS, Pratsinis A, Alter CL, Fricker G, Huwyler J. Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) larva as an in vivo vertebrate model to study renal function. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F280-F294. [PMID: 35037468 PMCID: PMC8858672 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00375.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in using zebrafish (Danio rerio) larva as a vertebrate screening model to study drug disposition. As the pronephric kidney of zebrafish larvae shares high similarity with the anatomy of nephrons in higher vertebrates including humans, we explored in this study whether 3- to 4-day-old zebrafish larvae have a fully functional pronephron. Intravenous injection of fluorescent polyethylene glycol and dextran derivatives of different molecular weight revealed a cutoff of 4.4-7.6 nm in hydrodynamic diameter for passive glomerular filtration, which is in agreement with corresponding values in rodents and humans. Distal tubular reabsorption of a FITC-folate conjugate, covalently modified with PEG2000, via folate receptor 1 was shown. Transport experiments of fluorescent substrates were assessed in the presence and absence of specific inhibitors in the blood systems. Thereby, functional expression in the proximal tubule of organic anion transporter oat (slc22) multidrug resistance-associated protein mrp1 (abcc1), mrp2 (abcc2), mrp4 (abcc4), and zebrafish larva p-glycoprotein analog abcb4 was shown. In addition, nonrenal clearance of fluorescent substrates and plasma protein binding characteristics were assessed in vivo. The results of transporter experiments were confirmed by extrapolation to ex vivo experiments in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) proximal kidney tubules. We conclude that the zebrafish larva has a fully functional pronephron at 96 h postfertilization and is therefore an attractive translational vertebrate screening model to bridge the gap between cell culture-based test systems and pharmacokinetic experiments in higher vertebrates.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The study of renal function remains a challenge. In vitro cell-based assays are approved to study, e.g., ABC/SLC-mediated drug transport but do not cover other renal functions such as glomerular filtration. Here, in vivo studies combined with in vitro assays are needed, which are time consuming and expensive. In view of these limitations, our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that the zebrafish larva is a translational in vivo test model that allows for mechanistic investigations to study renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Stephan Bolten
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna Pratsinis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Luca Alter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salsbury Cove, Bar Harbor, Maine
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salsbury Cove, Bar Harbor, Maine
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9
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Wang Z, Fu Y, do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, Li X, Mouton A, Omoto ACM, Sears J, Hall JE. Transient receptor potential cation channel 6 contributes to kidney injury induced by diabetes and hypertension. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F76-F88. [PMID: 34866402 PMCID: PMC8742740 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00296.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) are major risk factors for chronic kidney injury, together accounting for >70% of end-stage renal disease. In this study, we assessed whether DM and HTN interact synergistically to promote kidney dysfunction and whether transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6) contributes to this synergism. In wild-type (WT; B6/129s background) and TRPC6 knockout (KO) mice, DM was induced by streptozotocin injection to increase fasting glucose levels to 250-350 mg/dL. HTN was induced by aorta constriction (AC) between the renal arteries. AC increased blood pressure (BP) by ∼25 mmHg in the right kidney (above AC), whereas BP in the left kidney (below AC) returned to near normal after 8 wk, with both kidneys exposed to the same levels of blood glucose, circulating hormones, and neural influences. Kidneys of WT mice exposed to DM or HTN alone had only mild glomerular injury and urinary albumin excretion. In contrast, WT kidneys exposed to DM plus HTN (WT-DM + AC mice) for 8 wk had much greater increases in albumin excretion and histological injury. Marked increased apoptosis was also observed in the right kidneys of WT-DM + AC mice. In contrast, in TRPC6 KO mice with DM + AC, right kidneys exposed to the same levels of high BP and high glucose had lower albumin excretion and less glomerular damage and apoptotic cell injury compared with right kidneys of WT-DM + AC mice. Our results suggest that TRPC6 may contribute to the interaction of DM and HTN to promote kidney dysfunction and apoptotic cell injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A major new finding of this study is that the combination of moderate diabetes and hypertension promoted marked renal dysfunction, albuminuria, and apoptotic cell injury, and that these effects were greatly ameliorated by transient receptor potential cation channel 6 deficiency. These results suggest that transient receptor potential cation channel 6 may play an important role in contributing to the interaction of diabetes and hypertension to promote kidney injury.
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MESH Headings
- Albuminuria/metabolism
- Albuminuria/pathology
- Albuminuria/physiopathology
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Blood Pressure
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Female
- Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Hypertension/complications
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Kidney/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology
- Risk Factors
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/genetics
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Yiling Fu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jussara M do Carmo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Alexandre A da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Alan Mouton
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Ana Carolina M Omoto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jaylan Sears
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - John E Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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10
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Cohen BJ. Should Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Be Adjusted for Race? Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2021; 10:1254-1262. [PMID: 34734499 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Cohen
- Division of Clinical Decision Making, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Wareing M, Smith CP. Iron Is Filtered by the Kidney and Is Reabsorbed by the Proximal Tubule. Front Physiol 2021; 12:740716. [PMID: 34658926 PMCID: PMC8514780 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.740716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the iron (Fe) concentration profile within the lumen of the S2 renal proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and to resolve whether this nephron segment transported Fe. To do this, we performed in vivo renal micropuncture on Wistar rats, collected PCT tubular fluid from superficial nephrons, and measured Fe concentration. The Fe concentration profile along the S2 PCT suggested significant Fe reabsorption. Proximal tubules were also microperfused in vivo with physiological solutions containing Fe and Zn, Cu, Mn, or Cd. PCTs perfused with 12μmol.l−1 55FeCl3 reabsorbed 105.2±12.7 fmol.mm−1.min−1 Fe, 435±52pmol.mm-1.min−1 Na, and 2.7±0.2nl.mm−1.min−1 water (mean ± SEM; n=19). Addition of ascorbate (1mmol.l−1) to the perfusate did not significantly alter Fe, Na, or water reabsorption. Supplementing the control perfusate with 60μmol.l−1 FeSO4 significantly decreased 55Fe uptake. Recalculating for the altered molar activity following addition of unlabeled Fe revealed a three-fold increase in Fe flux. Addition to the perfusate 12μmol.l−1 CuSO4, MnSO4, CdSO4, or ZnSO4 did not affect Fe, Na, or water flux. In conclusion, (1) in vivo, S2 PCTs of rat reabsorb Fe and (2) Fe is reabsorbed along the PCT via a pathway that is insensitive to Cu, Mn, Cd, or Zn. Together, these data demonstrate for the first time the hitherto speculated process of renal Fe filtration and subsequent tubular Fe reabsorption in a living mammal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Wareing
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Craig P Smith
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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12
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Bronowicka-Szydełko A, Krzystek-Korpacka M, Gacka M, Pietkiewicz J, Jakobsche-Policht U, Gamian A. Association of Novel Advanced Glycation End-Product (AGE10) with Complications of Diabetes as Measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194499. [PMID: 34640517 PMCID: PMC8509253 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) contribute to vascular complications and organ damage in diabetes. The unique AGE epitope (AGE10) has recently been identified in human serum using synthetic melibiose-derived AGE (MAGE). We aimed at developing ELISA for AGE10 quantification, determining whether AGE10 is present in diabetic patients (n = 82), and evaluating its association with diabetic complications. In a competitive ELISA developed, the reaction of synthetic MAGE with anti-MAGE was inhibited by physiological AGE10 present in serum. In this assay, new murine IgE anti-MAGE monoclonal antibodies, which do not recognize conventional AGEs, a synthetic MAGE used to coat the plate, and LMW-MAGE (low molecular mass MAGE) necessary to plot a standard curve were used. AGE10 was significantly higher in patients with microangiopathy, in whom it depended on treatment, being lower in patients treated with aspirin. AGE10 levels were positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and negatively with creatinine. As a marker of stage ≥3 chronic kidney disease or microangiopathy, AGE10 displayed moderate overall accuracy (respectively, 69% and 71%) and good sensitivity (82.6% and 83.3%) but poor specificity (58.1% and 57.8%). In conclusion, newly developed immunoassay allows for AGE10 quantification. AGE10 elevation is associated with microangiopathy while its decrease accompanies stage ≥3 chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Bronowicka-Szydełko
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.K.-K.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.K.-K.); (J.P.)
| | - Małgorzata Gacka
- Department of Angiology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.G.); (U.J.-P.)
| | - Jadwiga Pietkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.K.-K.); (J.P.)
| | - Urszula Jakobsche-Policht
- Department of Angiology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.G.); (U.J.-P.)
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
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13
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Zuo Y, Wang C, Sun X, Hu C, Liu J, Hong X, Shen W, Nie J, Hou FF, Zhou L, Liu Y. Identification of matrix metalloproteinase-10 as a key mediator of podocyte injury and proteinuria. Kidney Int 2021; 100:837-849. [PMID: 34175352 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte injury or dysfunction plays an essential role in causing proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in chronic kidney diseases. To search for new players involved in podocyte injury, we performed gene expression profiling in the glomeruli by RNA sequencing. This unbiased approach led us to discover matrix metalloproteinase-10 (MMP-10), a secreted zinc-dependent endopeptidase, as one of the most upregulated genes after glomerular injury. In animal models and patients with proteinuric chronic kidney diseases, MMP-10 was upregulated specifically in the podocytes of injured glomeruli. Patients with chronic kidney diseases also had elevated circulating levels of MMP-10, which correlated with the severity of kidney insufficiency. In transgenic mice with podocyte-specific expression of MMP-10, proteinuria was aggravated after injury induced by Adriamycin. This was accompanied by more severe podocytopathy and glomerulosclerotic lesions. In contrast, knockdown of MMP-10 in vivo protected mice from proteinuria, restored podocyte integrity and reduced kidney fibrosis. Interestingly, MMP-10 reduced podocyte tight junctional protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) but did not affect its mRNA level. Incubation of purified ZO-1 with MMP-10 directly resulted in its proteolytic degradation in vitro, suggesting ZO-1 as a novel substrate of MMP-10. Thus, our findings illustrate that induction of MMP-10 could lead to podocyte injury by degrading ZO-1, thereby promoting proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen W Cowley
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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15
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Mayer O, Seidlerová J, Bruthans J, Opatrný J, Hromádka M, Jirák J, Filipovský J. The prognostic impact of renal function decline during hospitalization for myocardial infarction. J Comp Eff Res 2021; 10:219-228. [PMID: 33541131 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2020-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We analyzed the mortality risk of myocardial infarction (MI) patients according to renal function, observed during hospitalization. Materials & methods: Patients hospitalized for MI between 2006 and 2018 were followed (n = 5659). We divided the sample into four groups by estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) [ml/min]: normal functions (lowest eGFR during hospitalization >60); transiently moderate insufficiency (lowest eGFR >30 and ≤60, highest >60); permanently moderate insufficiency (highest eGFR >30 and ≤60); severe insufficiency (highest and lowest eGFR ≤30). Results: Permanently moderate renal insufficiency indicates increased 5-years all-cause mortality (hazard risk ratio: 2.27 [95% CIs: 1.87-2.75], p < 0.0001), but a similar risk was found in patients with the only transient decline of renal functions (hazard risk ratio: 2.08 [95% CIs: 1.70-2.55], p < 0.0001). Both moderate insufficiency subgroups (transient/permanent) did not statistically differ regarding mortality risk. Conclusion: Even just fluctuation of eGFR toward moderate insufficiency during hospitalization represents an important prognostic indicator in MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto Mayer
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Charles University & University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Center, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Seidlerová
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Charles University & University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Center, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bruthans
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Charles University & University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Centre for Cardiovascular Prevention, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles, University & Thomayer's Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Opatrný
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty of Charles University & University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Hromádka
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty of Charles University & University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Jirák
- Department of Informatics, University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Filipovský
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Charles University & University Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Center, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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16
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van den Berg CW, Koudijs A, Ritsma L, Rabelink TJ. In Vivo Assessment of Size-Selective Glomerular Sieving in Transplanted Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Organoids. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:921-929. [PMID: 32354986 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019060573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utility of kidney organoids in regenerative medicine will rely on the functionality of the glomerular and tubular structures in these tissues. Recent studies have demonstrated the vascularization and subsequent maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids after renal subcapsular transplantation. This raises the question of whether the glomeruli also become functional upon transplantation. METHODS We transplanted kidney organoids under the renal capsule of the left kidney in immunodeficient mice followed by the implantation of a titanium imaging window on top of the kidney organoid. To assess glomerular function in the transplanted human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney tissue 1, 2, and 3 weeks after transplantation, we applied high-resolution intravital multiphoton imaging through the imaging window during intravenous infusion of fluorescently labeled low and high molecular mass dextran molecules or albumin. RESULTS After vascularization, glomerular structures in the organoid displayed dextran and albumin size selectivity across their glomerular filtration barrier. We also observed evidence of proximal tubular dextran reuptake. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that human pluripotent stem cell-derived glomeruli can develop an appropriate barrier function and discriminate between molecules of varying size. These characteristics together with tubular presence of low molecular mass dextran provide clear evidence of functional filtration. This approach to visualizing glomerular filtration function will be instrumental for translation of organoid technology for clinical applications as well as for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathelijne W van den Berg
- Department of Internal Medicine-Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands .,Einthoven Laboratory of Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Koudijs
- Department of Internal Medicine-Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory of Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laila Ritsma
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Department of Internal Medicine-Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory of Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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17
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Lorenzo-Gómez MF, Flores-Fraile MC, Márquez-Sánchez M, Flores-Fraile J, González-Casado I, Padilla-Fernández B, Valverde-Martínez S, Hernández Sánchez T, Muller-Arteaga C, García-Cenador MB. Increased urinary markers of kidney damage in the institutionalized frail elderly due to recurrent urinary tract infections. Ther Adv Urol 2020; 12:1756287220974133. [PMID: 33335564 PMCID: PMC7724260 DOI: 10.1177/1756287220974133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To characterize the impact on kidney injury of recurrent urinary tract
infections (RUTI) in the frail elderly. Methods: Prospective observational study in 200 frail elderly subjects for 1 year.
Groups: GA (n = 100): subjects without RUTI, GB
(n = 100): subjects with RUTI. Variables: age,
concomitant diseases, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine neutrophil
gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) at the beginning (NGAL-1) and end
(NGAL-2) of the study, urine N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG) at the beginning
(NAG-1) and the end (NAG-2) of the study, urine transforming growth
factor-beta 1 (TGFβ-1). Descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney test,
Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test, and multivariate analysis were
used. Results: Mean age was 84.33 (65–99) years old, with no difference between GA and GB.
Mean NGAL-1 was 1.29 ng/ml (0.04–8). There was lower in GA than in GB. Mean
NGAL-2 was 1.41 ng/ml (0.02–9.22). NGAL-2 was lower in GA than in GB. Mean
NAG-1 was 0.38 UU.II/ml (0.01–2.63. NAG-1 in GA was lower than in GB. Mean
NAG-2 was 0.44 UU.II/ml (0–3.41). NAG-2 was lower in GA compared with GB.
Mean TGFβ-1 was 23.43 pg/ml (0.02–103.76). TGFβ-1 was lower in GA than GB.
There were no differences in the presence of secondary diagnoses between GA
and GB. NAG-2 and NGAL-1 were the most determining factors of renal
function; in GA it was NGAL-2, followed by NAG-1; in GB it was NGAL-1,
followed by NAG-2. Conclusion: Frail elderly with RUTI have higher urinary levels of renal injury markers,
specifically NGAL, NAG, and TGFβ-1, chronically in periods between urinary
tract infection (UTI). Urinary markers of renal injury, specifically NGAL,
NAG, and TGFβ-1, identify early deterioration of renal function, compared
with serum creatinine, or albuminuria, in frail elderly with recurrent
urinary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Fernanda Lorenzo-Gómez
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Multidisciplinary Renal Research Group) of the Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain Urology Service of the University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Magaly Márquez-Sánchez
- Multidisciplinary Renal Research Group) of the Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain
| | - Javier Flores-Fraile
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Alfonso X el sabio Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca, 37008, Spain
| | - Ignacio González-Casado
- Multidisciplinary Renal Research Group) of the Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain
| | | | - Sebastián Valverde-Martínez
- Department of Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Multidisciplinary Renal Research Group) of the Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Spain Department of Urology of University Hospital of Avila, Spain
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18
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Gvozdjakova A, Kucharska J, Sumbalova Z, Rausova Z, Chladekova A, Komlosi M, Szamosova M, Mojto V. The importance of coenzyme Q10 and its ratio to cholesterol in the progress of chronic kidney diseases linked to non- -communicable diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 121:693-699. [PMID: 32955899 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2020_113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mortality of patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD) increases with the decrease in glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In the progress of CKD that is closely linked to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), the role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is not fully evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the importance of CoQ10, CoQ10/cholesterol ratio, and oxidative stress in the progress of CKD. PATIENTS AND METHODS The control group was constituted of 19 healthy subjects who volunteered to enrol in the study, CKD group consisted of 58 patients with CKD, of whom 54 had CKD combined with hypertension, 22 had CKD combined with hypertension and diabetes type 2 , and 18 had CKD combined with hypertension and statin therapy. We observed age, BMI, creatinine, uric acid, eGFR, hemoglobin, CRP, glucose, lipids fraction, and liver enzymes. Coenzyme Q10-TOTAL (ubiquinol+ubiquinone) in platelets and plasma were determined using HPLC method with UV detection. Indexed of CoQ10/lipid fractions were evaluated. Oxidative stress was determined as thiobarbituric acid‑reactive substances (TBARS). RESULTS With increased stages of CKD, eGFR and CoQ10 as well as its ratio to lipids were significantly reduced while TBARS increased. CONCLUSION We assume that lower endogenous CoQ10 level may be one of the reasons of kidney dysfunction. CoQ10/lipids ratio and increase in oxidative stress can predict the progression of CKD in patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 49).
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19
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Zhou Y, Du B, Kan M, Chen S, Tang BH, Nie AQ, Ye PP, Shi HY, Hao GX, Guo XL, Han QJ, Zheng Y, Zhao W. Drug Elimination Alteration in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Mediated by Renal Transporters and Glomerular Filtration. Pharm Res 2020; 37:158. [PMID: 32743772 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Drug elimination alteration has been well reported in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Considering that transporters and glomerular filtration influence, to different extents, the drug disposition, and possible side effects, we evaluated the effects of ALL on major renal transporters and glomerular filtration mediated pharmacokinetic changes, as well as expression of renal drug transporters. METHODS ALL xenograft models were established and intravenously injected with substrates of renal transporters and glomerular filtration separately in NOD/SCID mice. The plasma concentrations of substrates, after single doses, were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). RESULTS With the development of ALL, protein expression of MDR1, OAT3 and OCT2 were increased by 2.62-fold, 1.70-fold, and 1.45-fold, respectively, whereas expression of MRP2 and MRP4 were significantly decreased by 30.98% and 45.28% in the kidney of ALL groups compared with control groups. Clearance of MDR1-mediated digoxin, OAT3-mediated furosemide, and OCT2-mediated metformin increased by 3.04-fold, 1.47-fold, and 1.26-fold, respectively. However, clearance of MRPs-mediated methotrexate was reduced by 39.5%. These results are consistent with mRNA expression. Clearance of vancomycin and amikacin, as markers of glomerular filtration rate, had a 2.14 and 1.64-fold increase in ALL mice, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The specific alteration of renal transporters and glomerular filtration in kidneys provide a rational explanation for changes in pharmacokinetics for ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Kan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shang Chen
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bo-Hao Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ai-Qing Nie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Pan-Pan Ye
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Hao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiu-Li Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiu-Ju Han
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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20
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Mengi A, Ozdolap S, Koksal T, Kokturk F, Can M, Sarikaya S. Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound Applied to the Lumbar Region on Renal Function: A Randomized Controlled Prospective Trial. J Ultrasound Med 2020; 39:1327-1333. [PMID: 31971279 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) is one of the most commonly used modalities in low back pain treatment. The objective of this study was to determine whether TUS applied to the low back region in patients with chronic low back pain had any effect on renal function. METHODS Forty patients with chronic low back pain were randomized to 2 groups by a block randomization method. Thirty-seven patients completed the final evaluation. All patients were treated for 5 sessions per week for 3 weeks with the same physiotherapy modalities (superficial heating and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) and exercise therapy; in addition to these treatments, the second group was treated with TUS for 10 minutes (frequency, 1 MHz; intensity, 1.5 W/cm2 ; and effective irradiation area of the transducer head, 5 cm2 ). The serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, 24-hour urine creatinine, creatinine clearance, 24-hour urine microalbumin and microprotein, urine volume, and glomerular filtration rate were measured. The patients were evaluated at baseline (day 0) and the end of the treatment (day 21). RESULTS The serum cystatin C levels were increased in both groups, but this increase was not significant (P > .05). There was no difference between the groups in the percent change in all outcome measures (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS This showed that TUS applied to the low back region does not affect renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Mengi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Bagcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Senay Ozdolap
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Tugce Koksal
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Furuzan Kokturk
- Department of Biostatistics, Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Murat Can
- Department of Biochemistry, Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Selda Sarikaya
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey
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21
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Cristea S, Krekels EHJ, Rostami-Hodjegan A, Allegaert K, Knibbe CAJ. The Influence of Drug Properties and Ontogeny of Transporters on Pediatric Renal Clearance through Glomerular Filtration and Active Secretion: a Simulation-Based Study. AAPS J 2020; 22:87. [PMID: 32566984 PMCID: PMC7306484 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glomerular filtration (GF) and active tubular secretion (ATS) contribute to renal drug elimination, with the latter remaining understudied across the pediatric age range. Therefore, we systematically analyzed the influence of transporter ontogeny on the relative contribution of GF and ATS to renal clearance CLR for drugs with different properties in children. A physiology-based model for CLR in adults was extrapolated to the pediatric population by including maturation functions for the system-specific parameters. This model was used to predict GF and ATS for hypothetical drugs with a range of drug-specific properties, including transporter-mediated intrinsic clearance (CLint,T) values, that are substrates for renal secretion transporters with different ontogeny patterns. To assess the impact of transporter ontogeny on ATS and total CLR, a percentage prediction difference (%PD) was calculated between the predicted CLR in the presence and absence of transporter ontogeny. The contribution of ATS to CLR ranges between 41 and 90% in children depending on fraction unbound and CLint,T values. If ontogeny of renal transporters is < 0.2 of adult values, CLR predictions are unacceptable (%PD > 50%) for the majority of drugs regardless of the pediatric age. Ignoring ontogeny patterns of secretion transporters increasing with age in children younger than 2 years results in CLR predictions that are not systematically acceptable for all hypothetical drugs (%PD > 50% for some drugs). This analysis identified for what drug-specific properties and at what ages the contribution of ATS on total pediatric CLR cannot be ignored. Drugs with these properties may be sensitive in vivo probes to investigate transporter ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sînziana Cristea
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elke Henriëtte Josephina Krekels
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amin Rostami-Hodjegan
- Simcyp Limited, Sheffield, UK.,Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research (CAPKR), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Karel Allegaert
- Clinical Pharmacy, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Catherijne Annette Jantine Knibbe
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
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22
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Krajčoviechová A, Wohlfahrt P, Bruthans J, Šulc P, Lánská V, Borghi C, Cífková R. Longitudinal trends in the prevalence of hyperuricaemia and chronic kidney disease in hypertensive and normotensive adults. Blood Press 2020; 29:308-318. [PMID: 32425070 DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2020.1763158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose: To evaluate longitudinal trends in the prevalence of hyperuricaemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Czech adults with and without arterial hypertension (HT).Materials and methods: Two independent cross-sectional surveys were performed in 2006-2009 and 2015-2018, each screening involving 1% population random sample of the general population of nine districts of the Czech Republic aged 25-64 years, stratified by age and gender. Hyperuricaemia was defined as serum uric acid ≥ 420 μmol/l in men, and ≥ 360 μmol/l in women. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or albumin/creatinine ratio ≥ 3 mg/mmol.Results: Final analyses included 3504 individuals examined in 2006-2009, and 2309 in 2015-2018. The overall prevalence of hyperuricaemia increased from 16.4% to 25.2% in men (p < 0.001), and from 7.6% to 10.9% in women (p < 0.001), whereas the overall prevalence of CKD declined from 6.8% to 3.6% in men (p = 0.001), and from 7.6% to 4.8% in women (p < 0.001). There was no interaction between HT and hyperuricaemia in either gender; the increase in hyperuricaemia prevalence was observed both in hypertensive and normotensive adults and was accompanied by the increased prevalence of abdominal obesity. Contrarily, there was an interaction between HT and CKD in both men (p < 0.001) and women (p = 0.011); the CKD prevalence declined only in hypertensive individuals, specifically in those using antihypertensive medication and was accompanied by the increased use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) inhibitors and calcium channel blockers (CCBs).Conclusions: Over the period of 10 years, the overall prevalence of hyperuricaemia increased, while the prevalence of CKD decreased. An increase in the prevalence of hyperuricaemia was observed both in hypertensive and normotensive individuals and was accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of abdominal obesity. A decline in the prevalence of CKD was only observed in hypertensive individuals and was accompanied by the increased use of RAS inhibitors and CCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Krajčoviechová
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Wohlfahrt
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bruthans
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Šulc
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Lánská
- Medical Statistics Unit, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Renata Cífková
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Medicine II, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
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23
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Huang QF, Zhang ZY, Van Keer J, Trenson S, Nkuipou-Kenfack E, Yang WY, Thijs L, Vanhaecke J, Van Aelst LNL, Van Cleemput J, Janssens S, Verhamme P, Mischak H, Staessen JA. Urinary peptidomic biomarkers of renal function in heart transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 34:1336-1343. [PMID: 29982668 PMCID: PMC6680096 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in patients after heart transplantation (HTx). We assessed whether in HTx recipients the proteomic urinary classifier CKD273 or sequenced urinary peptides revealing the parental proteins correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Methods In 368 HTx patients, we measured the urinary peptidome and analysed CKD273 and 48 urinary peptides with a detectable signal in >95% of participants. After 9.1 months (median), eGFR and the urinary biomarkers were reassessed. Results In multivariable Bonferroni-corrected analyses of the baseline data, a 1-SD increase in CKD273 was associated with a 11.4 [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.25–15.5] mL/min/1.73 m2 lower eGFR and an odds ratio of 2.63 (1.56–4.46) for having eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. While relating eGFR category at follow-up to baseline urinary biomarkers, CKD273 had higher (P = 0.007) area under the curve (0.75; 95% CI 0.70–0.80) than 24-h proteinuria (0.64; 95% CI 0.58–0.69), but additional adjustment for baseline eGFR removed significance of both biomarkers. In partial least squares analysis, the strongest correlates of the multivariable-adjusted baseline eGFR were fragments of collagen I (positive) and the mucin-1 subunit α (inverse). Associations between the changes in eGFR and the urinary markers were inverse for CKD273 and mucin-1 and positive for urinary collagen I. Conclusions With the exception of baseline eGFR, CKD273 was more closer associated with imminent renal dysfunction than 24-h proteinuria. Fragments of collagen I and mucin-1—respectively, positively and inversely associated with eGFR and change in eGFR—are single-peptide markers associated with renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Fang Huang
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluations, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Institut universitaire de médicine sociale et préventive, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan Van Keer
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Trenson
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Wen-Yi Yang
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Thijs
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Vanhaecke
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Stefan Janssens
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Verhamme
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques-Diagnostics AG, Hannover, Germany.,BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jan A Staessen
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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24
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Diamond GL, Thayer WC, Klotzbach JM, Ingerman LD. Urinary cadmium clearance, its relationship to glomerular filtration rate and implications for cadmium epidemiology. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2020; 82:1187-1198. [PMID: 31893984 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1707947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Decreasing renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in association with increasing blood cadmium levels was reported in epidemiological studies of general populations. Dependence of cadmium clearance on GFR has implications for interpreting causation in these studies. Associations between cadmium clearance and creatinine clearance, a metric of GFR, were evaluated in a sample of the U.S. population. Blood to urine cadmium clearance and serum creatinine clearance were estimated in approximately 6000 individuals included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2009-2016). Linear regression models explained approximately 45% of variance in cadmium clearance in adults, with 74% of the explained variance attributed to creatinine clearance and 25% explained by age. In adolescents (12-<20 years), linear regression models explained 55% of variance in cadmium clearance with >99% of the explained variance attributed to creatinine clearance. The models predicted that halving creatinine clearance would result in a 40% decrease in cadmium clearance and a 20% rise in blood cadmium. Dependence of cadmium clearance on GFR has implications for assigning causation to studies in which increasing blood cadmium levels have been associated with increasing risk of low GFR. Statistical associations between blood cadmium and low GFR, such as elevated odds ratios in upper percentile strata of populations, may be partially a consequence of lower cadmium clearance in association with low GFR that is reverse causation.
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25
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Moreno JL, Rodas LM, Draibe J, Fulladosa X, Gomá M, Garcia-Herrera A, Cruzado JM, Torras J, Quintana LF. Extracapillary proliferation scoring correlates with renal outcome and contributes to stratification in adult patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Clin Kidney J 2019; 14:284-290. [PMID: 33564430 PMCID: PMC7857817 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The revised Oxford classification of diagnostic renal biopsies has been proposed to aid in the prediction of renal outcome. We aimed to validate the histological crescents and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) subgrouping, and to investigate the additional value of the proportion of crescents (CatPE) in the prediction of renal outcome. Methods Data were retrospectively collected over 10 years, from the time of diagnosis, by systematic review of medical records from 90 patients with renal biopsies recruited to cohorts from two hospitals in Spain. Patients were classified into three groups for the analysis: CatPE >25% (C2), CatPE <25% (C1) and without this type of lesion (C0). The end point was renal survival defined by either >50% reduction in glomerular filtrate rate or end-stage renal disease. Results Renal survival at 5 years was 90% in group C0, 81% in group C1 and 31% in group C2 (P = 0.013). The presence of >25% crescents in the sample was associated with more severe disease when compared with <25%, as demonstrated by more interstitial fibrotic change and by lower estimated glomerular filtration rate at diagnosis, as well as worse renal function at 2 and 5 years. At the time of diagnosis and at 24 months, the group with IFTA >50% had poorer renal function compared with the other groups. Conclusions We have confirmed the predictive value for renal survival of the revised Oxford classification in a two-centre study. We found worse renal outcome in patients with severe tubulointerstitial fibrosis and atrophy. Patients with extracapillary lesions >25% and IFTA >50% had a worse renal prognosis due to more severe kidney injury. These results contribute to patient stratification in immunoglobulin A nephropathy for therapeutic, epidemiological and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonny L Moreno
- Department of Nephrology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lida M Rodas
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Centro de Referencia en Enfermedad Glomerular Compleja del Sistema Nacional de Salud (CSUR), Hospital Clínic-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliana Draibe
- Department of Nephrology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Fulladosa
- Department of Nephrology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Gomá
- Department of Pathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Garcia-Herrera
- Department of Pathology, Centro de Referencia en Enfermedad Glomerular Compleja del Sistema Nacional de Salud (CSUR), Hospital Clínic-Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Cruzado
- Department of Nephrology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Torras
- Department of Nephrology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis F Quintana
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Centro de Referencia en Enfermedad Glomerular Compleja del Sistema Nacional de Salud (CSUR), Hospital Clínic-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Kriz W. The Inability of Podocytes to Proliferate: Cause, Consequences, and Origin. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:2588-2596. [PMID: 31606944 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a theoretical analysis of the problems related to the inability of podocytes to proliferate. The basis of these problems is the very high rate of glomerular filtration. Podocytes do not in general die by apoptosis or necrosis but are lost by detachment from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) as viable cells. Podocytes situated on the outside of the filtration barrier and attached to the GBM only by their foot processes are permanently exposed to the flow dynamic forces of the high filtration rate tending to detach them from the GBM. The major challenge seems to consist of the high shear stresses on the foot processes within the filtration slits due to filtrate flow. Healthy podocytes are able to resist this challenge, injured podocytes are not, and may undergo foot process detachment, leading to a gap in the podocyte cover of the GBM. This represents a mortal event. Like a dam break, such a leak cannot be repaired. The ongoing exposure to filtrate flow prevents any attempt to close the gap, thus preventing any regeneration including cell proliferation. An improvement of this precarious situation consists of healing by scarring that may involve only one lobule of the glomerulus, permitting the remaining lobules to maintain filtration. An answer to the question of which waste product requires such a high filtration rate for its excretion may be in the huge quantity of circulating peptides, a problem that dates far back in evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm Kriz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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27
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Marchenko TV, Nikoda VV, Lishova EA, Goncharova AV, Mayachkin RB. [Renal replacement therapy after elective surgical procedures]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2019:62-68. [PMID: 31626241 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia201910162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is not a rare postoperative complication in surgical patients. AKI dramatically affects patient's condition, increases hospital-stay and risk of lethal outcome. Moreover, AKI may be followed by deterioration of basic renal function in short- and long-term period. It seemed interesting to us to generalize the clinical data of general surgical patients treatment, which were need to use renal replacement therapy for acute renal failure in postoperative period. The analysis made us possible to draw conclusions that can broaden our understanding of the causes, course and outcomes of acute renal failure in such a patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Marchenko
- Petrovsky Russian Research Centre for Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Nikoda
- Petrovsky Russian Research Centre for Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Lishova
- Petrovsky Russian Research Centre for Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Goncharova
- Petrovsky Russian Research Centre for Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - R B Mayachkin
- Petrovsky Russian Research Centre for Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Ruangyuttikarn W, Nishijo M, Gobe GC, Phelps KR. The Source and Pathophysiologic Significance of Excreted Cadmium. Toxics 2019; 7:E55. [PMID: 31635341 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In theory, the identification of the source of excreted cadmium (Cd) might elucidate the pathogenesis of Cd-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD). With that possibility in mind, we studied Thai subjects with low, moderate, and high Cd exposure. We measured urine concentrations of Cd, ([Cd]u); N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, a marker of cellular damage ([NAG]u); and β2-microglobulin, an indicator of reabsorptive dysfunction ([β2MG]u). To relate excretion rates of these substances to existing nephron mass, we normalized the rates to creatinine clearance, an approximation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (ECd/Ccr, ENAG/Ccr, and Eβ2MG/Ccr). To link the loss of intact nephrons to Cd-induced tubular injury, we examined linear and quadratic regressions of estimated GFR (eGFR) on ECd/Ccr, eGFR on ENAG/Ccr, and ENAG/Ccr on ECd/Ccr. Estimated GFR varied inversely with both ratios, and ENAG/Ccr varied directly with ECd/Ccr. Linear and quadratic regressions of Eβ2MG/Ccr on ECd/Ccr and ENAG/Ccr were significant in moderate and high Cd-exposure groups. The association of ENAG/Ccr with ECd/Ccr implies that both ratios depicted cellular damage per surviving nephron. Consequently, we infer that excreted Cd emanated from injured tubular cells, and we attribute the reduction of eGFR to the injury. We suggest that ECd/Ccr, ENAG/Ccr, and eGFR were associated with one another because each parameter was determined by the tubular burden of Cd.
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Tomáš Š, Bedřich F, Josef K, Květa P, Marek B. Assessment of the degree of adherence of medical laboratories to KDIGO 2012 guideline for evaluation and management of CKD in Czechia and Slovakia. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2019; 29:030704. [PMID: 31379462 PMCID: PMC6610673 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2019.030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study is to assess the degree of adherence of medical laboratories to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in laboratory practice in Czechia and Slovakia. Materials and methods An electronic questionnaire on adherence to KDIGO 2012 guideline was designed by an external quality assessment (EQA) provider SEKK spol. s.r.o. The questionnaire was placed and distributed through website to all medical biochemistry laboratories in Czechia and Slovakia (N = 396). Results A total of 212 out of 396 laboratories responded to the questions, though some laboratories only answered some questions, those applicable to their practice. A total of 48 out of 212 laboratories adopted the KDIGO 2012 guideline in full extent. The metrological traceability of creatinine measurement to standard reference material of SRM 967 was declared by 180 out of 210 laboratories (two of the responding laboratories did not measure creatinine). Thirty laboratories are not well educated on traceability of creatinine measurement and seven laboratories do not calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Both urinary albumin concentration and albumin to creatinine ratio are reported by 144 out of 175 laboratories (37 of the responding laboratories did not measure urinary albumin). Conclusion Majority of laboratories in Czechia and Slovakia adopted some parts of the KDIGO 2012 guideline in their practice, but only 23% of the laboratories apply them completely. Thus, further education and action should be conducted to improve its implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šálek Tomáš
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Tomas Bata Hospital, Zlín, Czech Republic.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical Faculty of the University of Ostrava, Ostrava - Zábřeh, Czech Republic.,SEKK, spol. s.r.o., Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Pelinková Květa
- SEKK, spol. s.r.o., Pardubice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and The First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Celentano S, Capolongo G, Pollastro RM. [Bardoxolone: a new potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease?]. G Ital Nefrol 2019; 36:36-5-2019-5. [PMID: 31580543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic cause of chronic renal failure. The natural history of ADPKD is characterized by development of multiple bilateral renal cysts that progressively destroy the architecture of the parenchyma and lead to an enlargement in the total kidney volume (TKV) and to the decline of the renal function. Cyst growth activates the immune system response causing interstitial inflammation and fibrosis that contribute to disease progression. In recent years, the therapeutic toolkit available to the nephrologist in the treatment of ADPKD has been enriched with new tools, and in this context bardoxolone is classified as a potential therapeutic agent. It is a semisynthetic derivative of triterpenoids, a family of compounds widely used in traditional Asian medicine for their multiple effects. Bardoxolone exerts antioxidant activity by promoting the activation of Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid2-derivative - 2) and the downregulation of the proinflammatory NF-kB (Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signaling. Several pieces of evidence support the use of bardoxolone in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) documenting an effect on the increase of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, its use is limited to patients at risk of heart failure. The FALCON study will clarify the efficacy and safety of bardoxolone in the treatment of ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Celentano
- Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", U.O.C. di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Napoli, Italia
| | - Giovanna Capolongo
- Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", U.O.C. di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Napoli, Italia
| | - Rosa Maria Pollastro
- Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", U.O.C. di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Napoli, Italia
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Šíma M, Hartinger J, Grus T, Slanař O. Initial dosing of intermittent vancomycin in adults: estimation of dosing interval in relation to dose and renal function. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2019; 28:276-279. [PMID: 34426481 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2019-002013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Due to the high interindividual variability in vancomycin pharmacokinetics, optimisation of its dosing is still challenging. This study aimed to explore vancomycin pharmacokinetics in adult patients and to propose an easy applicable dosing nomogram for initial treatment. METHODS Vancomycin pharmacokinetics was calculated in a two-compartmental model based on therapeutic drug monitoring data. A linear regression model was used to explore the relationship between vancomycin elimination half-life and glomerular filtration rate estimated according the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula. RESULTS In the whole study population (n=66), vancomycin volume of distribution, clearance and half-life median (IQR) values were 0.69 (0.58-0.87) L/kg, 0.031 (0.022-0.050) L/h/kg and 14.4 (9.5-25.2) hours, respectively. Vancomycin half-life was associated with glomerular filtration rate (r2=0.4126, p<0.0001) according to the formula: t1/2 (h) = -0.247×eGFRCKD-EPI (mL/min/1.73 m2)+32.89. This relationship was used to construct a dosing nomogram. CONCLUSIONS We propose an easy-to-use dosing nomogram for vancomycin therapy initiation that allows individualisation of the dosing interval with respect to the administered dose size and functional renal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Šíma
- Department of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hartinger
- Department of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Grus
- 2nd Department of Surgery - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Slanař
- Department of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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32
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Derebail VK, Zhou Q, Ciccone EJ, Cai J, Ataga KI. Rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate is common in adults with sickle cell disease and associated with increased mortality. Br J Haematol 2019; 186:900-907. [PMID: 31168785 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the prevalence of rapid decline in kidney function, its potential risk factors and influence upon mortality in sickle cell disease (SCD) in a retrospective single-center study. Rapid decline of kidney function was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) loss of >3·0 ml/min/1·73 m2 per year. A multivariable logistic regression model for rapid eGFR decline was constructed after evaluating individual covariates. We constructed multivariate Cox-regression models for rapid eGFR decline and mortality. Among 331 SCD patients (median age 29 years [interquartile range, IQR: 20, 41]; 187 [56·5%] female) followed for median 4·01 years (IQR: 1·66, 7·19), rapid eGFR decline was noted in 103 (31·1%). History of stroke (odds ratio [OR]: 2·91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1·25-6·77) and use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (OR: 3·17, 95% CI: 1·28-7·84) were associated with rapid eGFR decline. The rate of eGFR change over time was associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 0·99, 95% CI: 0·984-0·995, P = 0·0002). In Cox-regression, rapid eGFR decline associated with mortality (HR: 2·07, 95% CI: 1·039-4·138, P = 0·04) adjusting for age, sex and history of stroke. Rapid eGFR decline is common in SCD and associated with increased mortality. Long-term studies are needed to determine whether attenuating loss of kidney function may decrease mortality in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal K Derebail
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qingning Zhou
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Emily J Ciccone
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kenneth I Ataga
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Carrillo-Larco RM, Miranda JJ, Gilman RH, Narvaez-Guerra O, Herrera-Enriquez K, Medina-Lezama J, Smeeth L, Checkley W, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Urbanization and Altitude Are Associated with Low Kidney Function in Peru. High Alt Med Biol 2019; 20:133-140. [PMID: 31063411 PMCID: PMC6602110 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2018.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Kidney health needs to be studied in low- and middle-income countries with populations living at high altitude and undergoing urbanization. We studied whether greater level of urbanization was associated with worse kidney function and higher hemoglobin was associated with worse kidney function at high altitude. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of population-based studies in Peru including five sites at different altitude above the sea level and urbanization level (in decreasing order of urbanization): Lima (sea level), Arequipa (2335 m), urban Puno (3825 m), Tumbes (sea level), and rural Puno (3825 m). The exposures were urbanization and altitude as per study site, and hemoglobin (g/dL). The outcome was the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: Four thousand two hundred eight people were studied: mean age was 57.4 years (standard deviation: 12.4) and 51.9% were women. In comparison to rural Puno, eGFR was similar in Lima; in comparison to rural Puno, Arequipa, urban Puno, and Tumbes had worse eGFR, for example, in Arequipa, β = −8.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −10.90 to −5.24). Intermediate (β = −8.60; 95% CI: −10.55 to −6.66) and high (β = −11.21; 95% CI: −14.19 to −8.24) altitude were negatively correlated with eGFR when only urban places were analyzed. At high altitude, there was a trend for a negative association between hemoglobin and eGFR: β = −1.09 (95% CI: −2.22 to 0.04). Conclusions: Apparently, higher altitude and level of urbanization, except for one highly urbanized site, were associated with worse kidney function. Our findings suggest that some of the adverse impact of high altitude on kidney function has been balanced by the lower risk conferred by rural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,2 CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- 2 CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,3 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Robert H Gilman
- 2 CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,4 Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,5 Área de Investigación y Desarrollo, Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru
| | - Offdan Narvaez-Guerra
- 6 Department of Preventive Medicine, Integral Occupational Medicine Center CEMOIN, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Karela Herrera-Enriquez
- 6 Department of Preventive Medicine, Integral Occupational Medicine Center CEMOIN, Arequipa, Peru
| | | | - Liam Smeeth
- 8 Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - William Checkley
- 2 CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,4 Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,9 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- 2 CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,4 Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,9 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Diamond GL, Thayer WC, Brown JS, Burgess M, Follansbee MH, Gaines LGT, Klotzbach JM. Estimates of urinary blood lead clearance and its relationship to glomerular filtration rate based on a large population survey. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2019; 82:379-382. [PMID: 30983525 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1603280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Blood lead (Pb) clearance (CbPb) and serum creatinine clearance (CsCr), a metric of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), were estimated in approximately 7,600 subjects from the NHANES (2009-2016). Median CbPb in adults was 0.04 L/day (5th-95th percentile range: 0.01-0.12). Linear regression models explained approximately 68% of variance in CbPb in adults, with >98% of explained variance attributed to CsCr. These results provide an improved quantitative understanding of the possible effects of reverse causality in the interpretation of studies of associations between blood Pb and decrements in GFR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James S Brown
- b National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Michele Burgess
- c Science Policy Branch, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, Office of Land and Emergency Management, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Arlington , VA , USA
| | | | - Linda G T Gaines
- c Science Policy Branch, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, Office of Land and Emergency Management, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Arlington , VA , USA
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Rebholz CM, Young BA, Katz R, Tucker KL, Carithers TC, Norwood AF, Correa A. Patterns of Beverages Consumed and Risk of Incident Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 14:49-56. [PMID: 30591520 PMCID: PMC6364540 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.06380518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Selected beverages, such as sugar-sweetened beverages, have been reported to influence kidney disease risk, although previous studies have been inconsistent. Further research is necessary to comprehensively evaluate all types of beverages in association with CKD risk to better inform dietary guidelines. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We conducted a prospective analysis in the Jackson Heart Study, a cohort of black men and women in Jackson, Mississippi. Beverage intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline (2000-2004). Incident CKD was defined as onset of eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and ≥30% eGFR decline at follow-up (2009-13) relative to baseline among those with baseline eGFR ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between the consumption of each individual beverage, beverage patterns, and incident CKD. Beverage patterns were empirically derived using principal components analysis, in which components were created on the basis of the linear combinations of beverages consumed. RESULTS Among 3003 participants, 185 (6%) developed incident CKD over a median follow-up of 8 years. At baseline, mean age was 54 (SD 12) years, 64% were women, and mean eGFR was 98 (SD 18) ml/min per 1.73 m2. After adjusting for total energy intake, age, sex, education, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, history of cardiovascular disease, and baseline eGFR, a principal components analysis-derived beverage pattern consisting of higher consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks, and water was associated with significantly greater odds of incident CKD (odds ratio tertile 3 versus 1 =1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 2.41). CONCLUSIONS Higher consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with an elevated risk of subsequent CKD in this community-based cohort of black Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland;
| | - Bessie A Young
- Division of Nephrology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care Center, Seattle, Washington.,Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ronit Katz
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Teresa C Carithers
- Department of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi; and
| | - Arnita F Norwood
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Šálek T, Adamíková A. Cystatin C measurement leads to lower metformin dosage in elderly type 2 diabetic patients. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 124:298-302. [PMID: 30218617 PMCID: PMC7379635 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide evidence for the hypothesis that estimated glomerular filtration rate from serum Cystatin C (eGFRcys) is better to be determined for all elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients based on eGFRcys upward and downward reclassification rate for hypothetical metformin dose reduction by eGFRcys at the GFR decision point of 45 mL/min/1.73 m2. A total of 265 consecutive T2DM elderly patients (age range 65‐91 years) from outpatient diabetic clinic were included in the study. The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines for metformin dosing were strictly followed. Estimated glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) led to results of metformin eligibility. Each of the results of eGFRcrea‐based eligibility was further compared to eGFRcys‐based eligibility. Creatinine was measured by enzymatic method standardized against international reference material SRM 967. Cystatin C was determined by method traceable to DA ERM 471 international standard. eGFRcrea and eGFRcys were calculated according to Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD‐EPI) equations. A downward reclassification rate was higher than upward reclassification rate (31 vs 3, respectively; P < 0.0001). The median (IQR) eGFRcrea was higher than eGFRcys (73 (58‐85) vs 63 (50‐75) mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively; P < 0.0001). eGFRcys reclassified significant proportion of patients with T2DM from metformin eligible CKD stages to less or non‐eligible stages. The downward reclassification was more frequent in patients older than 80 years (P < 0.01). Cystatin C‐based eGFR selects more complicated patients, where lower doses of metformin are possibly advisable. We recommend calculating both eGFRcrea and eGFRcys for metformin dosing in elderly patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Šálek
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Tomas Bata Hospital in Zlín a. s., Zlín, Czech Republic.,Department of Biomedical sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Zábřeh, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Adamíková
- Diabetes Center, Tomas Bata Hospital in Zlín, a. s., Zlín, Czech Republic
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Mullens W, Martens P. Exploiting the Natriuretic Peptide Pathway to Preserve Glomerular Filtration in Heart Failure. JACC Heart Fail 2018; 6:499-502. [PMID: 29655826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Mullens
- Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium; Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Martens
- Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium; Doctoral School for Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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38
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Ma YR, Luo X, Wu YF, Zhang T, Zhang F, Zhang GQ, Wu XA. Alteration of renal excretion pathways in gentamicin-induced renal injury in rats. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:968-977. [PMID: 29460972 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The kidney plays a major part in the elimination of many drugs and their metabolites, and drug-induced kidney injury commonly alters either glomerular filtration or tubular transport, or both. However, the renal excretion pathway of drugs has not been fully elucidated at different stages of renal injury. This study aimed to evaluate the alteration of renal excretion pathways in gentamicin (GEN)-induced renal injury in rats. Results showed that serum cystatin C, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were greatly increased by the exposure of GEN (100 mg kg-1 ), and creatinine concentration was increased by 39.7% by GEN (50 mg kg-1 ). GEN dose-dependently upregulated the protein expression of rOCT1, downregulated rOCT2 and rOAT1, but not affected rOAT2. Efflux transporters, rMRP2, rMRP4 and rBCRP expressions were significantly increased by GEN(100), and the rMATE1 level was markedly increased by GEN(50) but decreased by GEN(100). GEN(50) did not alter the urinary excretion of inulin, but increased metformin and furosemide excretion. However, GEN(100) resulted in a significant decrease of the urinary excretion of inulin, metformin and p-aminohippurate. In addition, urinary metformin excretions in vivo were significantly decreased by GEN(100), but slightly increased by GEN(50). These results suggested that GEN(50) resulted in the induction of rOCTs-rMATE1 and rOAT3-rMRPs pathway, but not changed the glomerular filtration rate, and GEN(100)-induced acute kidney injury caused the downregulated function of glomerular filtration -rOCTs-rMATE1 and -rOAT1-rMRPs pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Rong Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yan-Fang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tiffany Zhang
- Department of Molecule Biosciences, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xin-An Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Gao X, Liu ZZ, Mohammed H, Braun D, Zhuge Z, Liu M, Lai EY, Jansson L, Carlström M, Patzak A, Persson AEG. Extravasal albumin concentration modulates contractile responses of renal afferent arterioles. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28748582 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Afferent arterioles (AA) hold a key position in the regulation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. Being the effector site of tubuloglomerular feedback, the afferent arteriole contributes to the renal handling of sodium and fluid. Dehydration goes along with increased renal interstitial protein concentration. Here, the hypothesis was tested that extravasal protein concentration directly modulates afferent arteriolar tone, a mechanism which may contribute to body fluid volume control. METHOD The effect of increased extravasal albumin concentration on the vascular reactivity was investigated in renal AA and interlobar arteries of mice, in rat renal AA and in pancreatic islet arterioles. RESULTS Albumin (2 and 4% in the bath solution) significantly potentiated the contractile response of renal afferent arterioles induced by angiotensin II and adenosine, as well as their combination, compared to the control situation (0.1% albumin). Albumin did not influence the contractility of larger renal vessels or pancreatic islet arterioles. Mimicking the increase in the osmolality induced by 4% albumin by applying mannitol to the bath solution also increased the response of renal arterioles to Ang II. However, the effect was smaller compared to that of albumin. The nitric oxide bioavailability, measured by DAF-FM fluorescence, was reduced in afferent arterioles exposed to 4% albumin. CONCLUSION The protein-induced modulation of AA tone is mediated by the increased osmolality as well as by NO scavenging. The results suggest a possible contribution of these mechanisms to the control of extracellular fluid volume via adjustment of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Gao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology; University of Uppsala; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Z. Z. Liu
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - H. Mohammed
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - D. Braun
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Z. Zhuge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - M. Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - E. Y. Lai
- Department of Physiology; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - L. Jansson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology; University of Uppsala; Uppsala Sweden
| | - M. Carlström
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - A. Patzak
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - A. E. G. Persson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology; University of Uppsala; Uppsala Sweden
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40
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Dzhambov AM, Tokmakova MP, Gatseva PD, Zdravkov NG, Gencheva DG, Ivanova NG, Karastanev KI, Vladeva SV, Donchev AT, Dermendzhiev SM. Community Noise Exposure and its Effect on Blood Pressure and Renal Function in Patients with Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2017; 59:344-356. [PMID: 28976899 DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Road traffic noise (RTN) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension; however, few studies have looked into its association with blood pressure (BP) and renal function in patients with prior CVD. AIM This study aimed to explore the effect of residential RTN exposure on BP and renal function in patients with CVD from Plovdiv Province. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 217 patients with ischemic heart disease and/or hypertension from three tertiary hospitals in the city of Plovdiv (March - May 2016). Patients' medical history, medical documentation, and medication regimen were reviewed, and blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were taken. Blood samples were analyzed for creatinine, total cholesterol, and blood glucose. Participants also filled a questionnaire. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. All participants were asked about their annoyance by different noise sources at home, and those living in the city of Plovdiv (n = 132) were assigned noise map Lden and Lnight exposure. The effects of noise exposure on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were explored using mixed linear models. RESULTS Traffic noise annoyance was associated with higher SBP in the total sample. The other noise indicators were associated with non-significant elevation in SBP and reduction in eGFR. The effect of Lden was more pronounced in patients with prior ischemic heart disease/stroke, diabetes, obesity, not taking Ca-channel blockers, and using solid fuel/gas at home. Lnight had stronger effect among those not taking statins, sleeping in a bedroom with noisy façade, having a living room with quiet façade, and spending more time at home. The increase in Lden was associated with a significant decrease in eGFR among men, patients with ischemic heart disease/stroke, and those exposed to lower air pollution. Regarding Lnight, there was significant effect modification by gender, diabetes, obesity, and time spent at home. In some subgroups, the effect of RTN was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Given that generic risk factors for poor progression of cardiovascular diseases cannot be controlled sufficiently at individual level, environmental interventions to reduce residential noise exposure might result in some improvement in the management of blood pressure and kidney function in patients with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene and Ecomedicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Mariya P Tokmakova
- Section of Cardiology, First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria,Clinic of Cardiology, St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Penka D Gatseva
- Department of Hygiene and Ecomedicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolai G Zdravkov
- Section of Cardiology, First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria,Clinic of Cardiology, St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Dolina G Gencheva
- Section of Cardiology, First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria,Clinic of Cardiology, St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nevena G Ivanova
- Department of Urology and General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria,St Karidad Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir I Karastanev
- Section of Cardiology, First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria,Clinic of Cardiology, St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stefka V Vladeva
- Medical College, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria,Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, Kaspela University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Svetlan M Dermendzhiev
- Section of Occupational Diseases and Toxicology, Second Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University
of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Rysz J, Franczyk B, Ciałkowska-Rysz A, Gluba-Brzózka A. The Effect of Diet on the Survival of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050495. [PMID: 28505087 PMCID: PMC5452225 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high and it is gradually increasing. Individuals with CKD should introduce appropriate measures to hamper the progression of kidney function deterioration as well as prevent the development or progression of CKD-related diseases. A kidney-friendly diet may help to protect kidneys from further damage. Patients with kidney damage should limit the intake of certain foods to reduce the accumulation of unexcreted metabolic products and also to protect against hypertension, proteinuria and other heart and bone health problems. Despite the fact that the influence of certain types of nutrients has been widely studied in relation to kidney function and overall health in CKD patients, there are few studies on the impact of a specific diet on their survival. Animal studies demonstrated prolonged survival of rats with CKD fed with protein-restricted diets. In humans, the results of studies are conflicting. Some of them indicate slowing down of the progression of kidney disease and reduction in proteinuria, but other underline significant worsening of patients’ nutritional state, which can be dangerous. A recent systemic study revealed that a healthy diet comprising many fruits and vegetables, fish, legumes, whole grains, and fibers and also the cutting down on red meat, sodium, and refined sugar intake was associated with lower mortality in people with kidney disease. The aim of this paper is to review the results of studies concerning the impact of diet on the survival of CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Ciałkowska-Rysz
- Palliative Medicine Unit, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Gluba-Brzózka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, WAM Teaching Hospital of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
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Siegerist F, Zhou W, Endlich K, Endlich N. 4D in vivo imaging of glomerular barrier function in a zebrafish podocyte injury model. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:167-173. [PMID: 27414464 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM Zebrafish larvae with their simplified pronephros are an ideal model to study glomerular physiology. Although several groups use zebrafish larvae to assess glomerular barrier function, temporary or slight changes are still difficult to measure. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of in vivo two-photon microscopy (2-PM) for long-term imaging of glomerular barrier function in zebrafish larvae. METHODS As a proof of principle, we adapted the nitroreductase/metronidazole model of targeted podocyte ablation for 2-PM. Combination with a strain, which expresses eGFP-vitamin D-binding protein in the blood plasma, led to a strain that allowed induction of podocyte injury with parallel assessment of glomerular barrier function. We used four-dimensional (4D) 2-PM to assess eGFP fluorescence over 26 h in the vasculature and in tubules of multiple zebrafish larvae (5 days post-fertilization) simultaneously. RESULTS By 4D 2-PM, we observed that, under physiological conditions, eGFP fluorescence was retained in the vasculature and rarely detected in proximal tubule cells. Application of metronidazole induced podocyte injury and cell death as shown by TUNEL staining. Induction of podocyte injury resulted in a dramatic decrease of eGFP fluorescence in the vasculature over time (about 50% and 90% after 2 and 12 h respectively). Loss of vascular eGFP fluorescence was paralleled by an endocytosis-mediated accumulation of eGFP fluorescence in proximal tubule cells, indicating proteinuria. CONCLUSION We established a microscopy-based method to monitor the dynamics of glomerular barrier function during induction of podocyte injury in multiple zebrafish larvae simultaneously over 26 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Siegerist
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
| | - W. Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - K. Endlich
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
| | - N. Endlich
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
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Gluba-Brzózka A, Franczyk B, Rysz J. Vegetarian Diet in Chronic Kidney Disease-A Friend or Foe. Nutrients 2017; 9:E374. [PMID: 28394274 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy diet is highly important, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Proper nutrition provides the energy to perform everyday activities, prevents infection, builds muscle, and helps to prevent kidney disease from getting worse. However, what does a proper diet mean for a CKD patient? Nutrition requirements differ depending on the level of kidney function and the presence of co-morbid conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The diet of CKD patients should help to slow the rate of progression of kidney failure, reduce uremic toxicity, decrease proteinuria, maintain good nutritional status, and lower the risk of kidney disease-related secondary complications (cardiovascular disease, bone disease, and hypertension). It has been suggested that plant proteins may exert beneficial effects on blood pressure, proteinuria, and glomerular filtration rate, as well as results in milder renal tissue damage when compared to animal proteins. The National Kidney Foundation recommends vegetarianism, or part-time vegetarian diet as being beneficial to CKD patients. Their recommendations are supported by the results of studies demonstrating that a plant-based diet may hamper the development or progression of some complications of chronic kidney disease, such as heart disease, protein loss in urine, and the progression of kidney damage. However, there are sparse reports suggesting that a vegan diet is not appropriate for CKD patients and those undergoing dialysis due to the difficulty in consuming enough protein and in maintaining proper potassium and phosphorus levels. Therefore, this review will focus on the problem as to whether vegetarian diet and its modifications are suitable for chronic kidney disease patients.
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44
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Castrop H, Schießl IM. Novel routes of albumin passage across the glomerular filtration barrier. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:544-553. [PMID: 27452481 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Albuminuria is a hallmark of kidney diseases of various aetiologies and an unambiguous symptom of the compromised integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that albuminuria per se aggravates the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. This review covers new aspects of the movement of large plasma proteins across the glomerular filtration barrier in health and disease. Specifically, this review focuses on the role of endocytosis and transcytosis of albumin by podocytes, which constitutes a new pathway of plasma proteins across the filtration barrier. Thus, we summarize what is known about the mechanisms of albumin endocytosis by podocytes and address the fate of the endocytosed albumin, which is directed to lysosomal degradation or transcellular movement with subsequent vesicular release into the urinary space. We also address the functional consequences of overt albumin endocytosis by podocytes, such as the formation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which might eventually result in a deterioration of podocyte function. Finally, we consider the diagnostic potential of podocyte-derived albumin-containing vesicles in the urine as an early marker of a compromised glomerular barrier function. In terms of new technical approaches, the review covers how our knowledge of the movement of albumin across the glomerular filtration barrier has expanded by the use of new intravital imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Castrop
- Institute of Physiology; University of Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - I. M. Schießl
- Institute of Physiology; University of Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
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45
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Dolinina J, Sverrisson K, Rippe A, Öberg CM, Rippe B. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition causes acute increases in glomerular permeability in vivo, dependent upon reactive oxygen species. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F984-F990. [PMID: 27681559 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00152.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) is partly regulated by a balance between the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and that of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been postulated that normal or moderately elevated NO levels protect the GFB from permeability increases, whereas ROS, through reducing the bioavailability of NO, have the opposite effect. We tested the tentative antagonism between NO and ROS on glomerular permeability in anaesthetized Wistar rats, in which the left ureter was cannulated for urine collection while simultaneously blood access was achieved. Rats were systemically infused with either l-NAME or l-NAME together with the superoxide scavenger Tempol, or together with l-arginine or the NO-donor DEA-NONOate, or the cGMP agonist 8-bromo-cGMP. To measure glomerular sieving coefficients (theta, θ) to Ficoll, rats were infused with FITC-Ficoll 70/400 (mol/radius 10-80 Å). Plasma and urine samples were analyzed by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) for determination of θ for Ficoll repeatedly during up to 2 h. l-NAME increased θ for Ficoll70Å from 2.27 ± 1.30 × 10-5 to 8.46 ± 2.06 × 10-5 (n = 6, P < 0.001) in 15 min. Tempol abrogated these increases in glomerular permeability and an inhibition was also observed with l-arginine and with 8-bromo-cGMP. In conclusion, acute NO synthase inhibition in vivo by l-NAME caused rapid increases in glomerular permeability, which could be reversed by either an ROS antagonist or by activating the guanylyl cyclase-cGMP pathway. The data strongly suggest a protective effect of NO in maintaining normal glomerular permeability in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Rippe
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl M Öberg
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bengt Rippe
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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46
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Tao J, Lan Z, Wang Y, Hei H, Tian L, Pan W, Zhang X, Peng W. Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels in Glomerulus: From Cell Signal Integration to Disease. Front Physiol 2016; 7:248. [PMID: 27445840 PMCID: PMC4915313 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels are currently considered as vital players in a variety of renal physiological processes. In podocytes, BK channels become active in response to stimuli that increase local cytosolic Ca2+, possibly secondary to activation of slit diaphragm TRPC6 channels by chemical or mechanical stimuli. Insulin increases filtration barrier permeability through mobilization of BK channels. In mesangial cells, BK channels co-expressed with β1 subunits act as a major component of the counteractive response to contraction in order to regulate glomerular filtration. This review aims to highlight recent discoveries on the localization, physiological and pathological roles of BK channels in glomerulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tao
- Department of Nephrology and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Lan
- Department of Nephrology and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Yunman Wang
- Department of Nephrology and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Hongya Hei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Wanma Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Nephrology and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai, China
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Abstract
As part of human evolutionary development, many human organ systems have innate mechanisms to adapt to increased "work demand" or stress. This reserve capacity can be informative and is used commonly in cardiology to assess cardiac function (e.g., treadmill test). Similarly, the kidney possesses reserve capacity, which can be demonstrated in at least 2 of the following renal domains: glomerular and tubular. When appropriate stimulants are used, healthy patients with intact kidneys can significantly increase their glomerular filtration rate and their tubular secretion. This approach has been used to develop diagnostics for the assessment of renal function. This article reviews both glomerular and tubular kidney stress tests and their respective diagnostic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakhmir S Chawla
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.,International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
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Leone F, Gigliotti P, Mauro MV, Lofaro D, Greco F, Tenuta R, Perugini D, Papalia T, Mollica A, Perri A, Vizza D, La Russa A, Toteda G, Lupinacci S, Giraldi C, Bonofiglio R. Early cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell response and estimated glomerular filtration rate identify patients at high risk of infection after renal transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2016; 18:191-201. [PMID: 26878346 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing the risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) may be helpful to indicate in which patient it is worth starting antiviral treatment during preemptive strategy. METHODS In 40 CMV-seropositive KTR preemptively treated with ganciclovir, we used interferon (IFN)-γ ELISpot test to evaluate whether monitoring T cells directed against phosphoprotein (pp) 65 and immediate early (IE)-1 antigens could predict the onset of viremia. RESULTS CMV viremia occurred in 24 patients (60%) within 120 days after transplantation. Non-viremic patients had higher anti-pp65, anti-IE-1 T cells, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the first 90 days after transplantation. At logistic regression, anti-pp65, anti-IE-1 T cells, and eGFR measured at day 30 were significantly associated with CMV infection. Cutoff values of 15 spot-forming cells (SFCs)/200,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for anti-IE, 40 SFCs/200,000 PBMCs for anti-pp65, and 46.6 mL/min/1.73 m(2) for eGFR, respectively, predicted the risk of CMV infection with high sensitivity and specificity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve >0.75). Using a classification tree model, we identified as high-risk patients those showing anti-pp65 <42 SFCs/200,000 PBMCs and eGFR <62 mL/min/1.73 m(2) , as well as anti-pp65 ≥42 and anti-IE-1 <6.5 SFCs/200,000 PBMCs. CONCLUSION Monitoring CMV-specific T-cell responses and eGFR in the first month post transplant can identify patients at high risk of CMV infection, for whom preemptive antiviral therapy is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leone
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - P Gigliotti
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - M V Mauro
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, Molecular Clinic, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - D Lofaro
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - F Greco
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, Molecular Clinic, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - R Tenuta
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, Molecular Clinic, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - D Perugini
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, Molecular Clinic, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - T Papalia
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - A Mollica
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - A Perri
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - D Vizza
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - A La Russa
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - G Toteda
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - S Lupinacci
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - C Giraldi
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, Molecular Clinic, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - R Bonofiglio
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Annunziata Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
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Villa G, Samoni S, De Rosa S, Ronco C. The Pathophysiological Hypothesis of Kidney Damage during Intra-Abdominal Hypertension. Front Physiol 2016; 7:55. [PMID: 26941652 PMCID: PMC4763026 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Villa
- Department of Health Science, Section of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria CareggiFlorence, Italy; Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute, San Bortolo HospitalVicenza, Italy
| | - Sara Samoni
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute, San Bortolo HospitalVicenza, Italy; Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced StudiesPisa, Italy
| | - Silvia De Rosa
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute, San Bortolo HospitalVicenza, Italy; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, A. Gemelli University Hospital, Catholic University of the Sacred HeartRome, Italy
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute, San Bortolo Hospital Vicenza, Italy
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50
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Abstract
Endothelin (ET) is one of the most potent renal vasoconstrictors. Endothelin plays an essential role in the regulation of renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, sodium and water transport, and acid-base balance. ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3 are the three distinct endothelin isoforms comprising the endothelin family. ET-1 is the major physiologically relevant peptide and exerts its biological activity through two G-protein-coupled receptors: ET(A) and ET(B). Both ET(A) and ET(B) are expressed by the renal vasculature. Although ET(A) are expressed mainly by vascular smooth muscle cells, ET(B) are expressed by both renal endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Activation of the endothelin system, or overexpression of downstream endothelin signaling pathways, has been implicated in several pathophysiological conditions including hypertension, acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, and immune nephritis. In this review, we focus on the effects of endothelin on the renal microvasculature, and update recent findings on endothelin in the regulation of renal hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Guan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Justin P VanBeusecum
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Edward W Inscho
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
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