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Pikkel-Geva HZ, Grisariu S, Rivkin M, Stepensky P, Strahilevitz J, Averbuch D, Orit C, Even-Or E, Zaidman I, Zimran E, Wolf DG, Avni B. High rate of adenovirus detection in gastrointestinal biopsies of symptomatic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin Transplant 2023; 37:e15098. [PMID: 37563430 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a major human adenovirus (HAdV) replication site in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), yet the prevalence and correlates of HAdV GI infection in this setting have remained poorly recognized, especially among adult HSCT recipients. DESIGN OR METHODS We retrospectively studied the prevalence and risk factors of HAdV GI-tissue infection in HSCT recipients (73 adults and 15 children) with GI symptoms who underwent GI-tissue biopsy between January-2012 and December-2017. The presence of HAdV in the GI tissues was determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS HAdV GI-tissue infection was detected in 21 (23.9%) patients, with similar infection rates identified in adults and children. GI-tissue detection was more common at late (>100 days) compared to early times post-transplantation (50% vs. 12.9%, p < .001). The presence of bloody diarrhea, Arab ethnicity (p = .014) and concurrent cytomegalovirus GI-tissue detection (p = .025) were significantly correlated with HAdV GI-tissue infection, while chronic graft versus host disease was of borderline association (p = .055). CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a high rate and new clinical-demographic correlates of HAdV GI-tissue infection in adult and pediatric HSCT recipients with GI symptoms. The findings highlight the need for future prospective studies to assess the relatedness of HAdV infection to the GI symptoms, and the prevalence, impact, and treatment of HAdV GI infection in HSCT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sigal Grisariu
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mila Rivkin
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Polina Stepensky
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob Strahilevitz
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dina Averbuch
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Caplan Orit
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ehud Even-Or
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irina Zaidman
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eran Zimran
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana G Wolf
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Batia Avni
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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2
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Lin Z, Wu Y, Zhao Y, Wang T, Xia J, Qiu H, Jin Z, Wu D, Chen F. Acute liver failure associated with human adenovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:2287-2289. [PMID: 37178390 PMCID: PMC10344982 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05253-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingjing Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Huiying Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengming Jin
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Depei Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China.
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3
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Abinun M, Lane JP, Wood M, Friswell M, Flood TJ, Foster HE. Infection-Related Death among Persons with Refractory Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 22:1720-7. [PMID: 27648582 PMCID: PMC5038400 DOI: 10.3201/eid2210.151245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis led to multiorgan failure in persons receiving immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory drugs. Severe infections are emerging as major risk factors for death among children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In particular, children with refractory JIA treated with long-term, multiple, and often combined immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory agents, including the new biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), are at increased risk for severe infections and death. We investigated 4 persons with JIA who died during 1994–2013, three of overwhelming central venous catheter–related bacterial sepsis caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococus or α-hemolytic Streptococcus infection and 1 of disseminated adenovirus and Epstein-Barr virus infection). All 4 had active JIA refractory to long-term therapy with multiple and combined conventional and biological DMARDs. Two died while receiving high-dose systemic corticosteroids, methotrexate, and after recent exposure to anti–tumor necrosis factor-α biological DMARDs, and 2 during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation procedure. Reporting all cases of severe infections and especially deaths in these children is of paramount importance for accurate surveillance.
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4
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Park UJ, Hyun SK, Kim HT, Cho WH, Han SY. Successful treatment of disseminated adenovirus infection with ribavirin and intravenous immunoglobulin in an adult renal transplant recipient: a case report. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:791-3. [PMID: 25891733 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated adenovirus infection in recipients of renal transplants is a rare but often fatal complication. We present a case of a 32-year-old woman who underwent renal transplantation from a deceased donor. Ten months after transplantation, she presented with dysuria, hematuria, and febrile illness. Despite the use of antibiotics, the patient's symptoms continued and worsened and the serum creatinine level was increased. The results of urine and serum polymerase chain reaction were positive for adenovirus. Renal biopsy revealed viral interstitial nephritis. The patient was treated with ribavirin, intravenous immunoglobulin, and reduction in immunosuppression. Her symptoms progressively improved from 7 days after the treatment. Serum and urine polymerase chain reaction for adenovirus became negative 10 and 21 days after the treatment, respectively. She remained in good health with excellent allograft function 6 months later.
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Affiliation(s)
- U J Park
- Division of Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea.
| | - S K Hyun
- Division of Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - H T Kim
- Division of Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - W H Cho
- Division of Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - S Y Han
- Division of Nephrology, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
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5
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Amvrosieva TV, Bogush ZF, Poklonskaia NB. [THE ETIOLOGY OF VIRAL INFECTIONS UNDER TRANSPLANTATION OF KIDNEY AND ALGORITHM OF THEIR LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC]. Klin Lab Diagn 2015; 60:37-40. [PMID: 26466450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The article presents data of virology examination of recipients of kidney in respect of actual agents of viral infections--cytomegalovirus, Epshtein-Barr virus, viruses of human herpes simplex type I and II, virus of human herpes type VI, Varicella-zoster virus, parvovirus B19, adenoviruses and BK virus. The dynamics of development of infectious processes were analyzed for dominating viral infections during 12 months after organ transplantation. The etiologic structure of viral complications in recipients of kidney was identified. The dominating role of cytomegalovirus, Epshtein-Barr virus, BK virus infections (41.9, 30.4 and 17.5% correspondingly) was established. The algorithm of implementation of virology examination of donors and recipients with indication of evaluation of obtained data and recommendations for its application.
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6
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Qasim W, Gilmour K, Zhan H, Derniame S, McNicol AM, Ip W, Hiwarkar P, Veys P, Gaspar HB. Interferon-γ capture T cell therapy for persistent Adenoviraemia following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 2013; 161:449-52. [PMID: 23432400 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
MESH Headings
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/drug therapy
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/etiology
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/therapy
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/transmission
- Adenoviruses, Human/immunology
- Adolescent
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
- Capsid Proteins/immunology
- Child
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Cidofovir
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Cytosine/analogs & derivatives
- Cytosine/therapeutic use
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects
- Humans
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/complications
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/surgery
- Immunomagnetic Separation/methods
- Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Interferon-gamma
- Lymphocyte Transfusion
- Organophosphonates/therapeutic use
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/surgery
- Receptors, Interferon/metabolism
- Ribavirin/therapeutic use
- T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/transplantation
- Transplantation, Homologous/adverse effects
- Viremia/drug therapy
- Viremia/etiology
- Viremia/therapy
- Viremia/virology
- Interferon gamma Receptor
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7
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Steiner I, Aebi C, Ridolfi Lüthy A, Wagner B, Leibundgut K. Fatal adenovirus hepatitis during maintenance therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008; 50:647-9. [PMID: 17278117 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.21120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated adenoviral infection with hepatitis is rare in children undergoing standard chemotherapy. We report on a 3(1/2)-year-old male with fatal adenovirus hepatitis receiving maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Adenoviral hepatitis was proven by histology, viral culture, and PCR in a liver biopsy. Quantitative real-time PCR in the peripheral blood showed adenoviral DNA copy number >10(9)/ml. Despite aggressive supportive care and antiviral treatment with cidofovir, the patient died rapidly due to fulminant liver failure. Diagnostic and treatment options for adenovirus infection remain unsatisfactory for these patients. We propose suggestions for diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Steiner
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Robin M, Marque-Juillet S, Scieux C, Peffault de Latour R, Ferry C, Rocha V, Molina JM, Bergeron A, Devergie A, Gluckman E, Ribaud P, Socié G. Disseminated adenovirus infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: incidence, risk factors and outcome. Haematologica 2008; 92:1254-7. [PMID: 17666361 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.11279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 06/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the factors and outcome of patients with disseminated adenovirus infection (dAdV) after allogeneic hematopoeitic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Thirty patients with dAdV were identified among 620 allogeneic HSCT recipients. Primary diseases were leukemia (n=17), Fanconi anemia (n=12) or others (n=1). Source of stem cells was unrelated in 28 and related in 2 patients. The graft consisted of peripheral blood (n=3), bone marrow (n=12) and unrelated cord-blood (UCB, n=15). Risk factors for dAdV in unrelated HSCT recipients were previous Fanconi disease (p=0.03) and GVHD (p=0.02) in children, and cord blood source of stem cells (p=0.029) and GVHD (0.024) in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Robin
- Service d'Hématologie, Greffe, Paris, France
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9
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Abstract
Adenovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an emerging pathogen causing relevant morbidity and mortality, with preponderance in children. During the last years, basic research on the biology of the virus and host immune response ameliorated the diagnostic, surveillance, and therapeutic strategies. Risk factors for infection commonly have an impact on T-cell reconstitution, such as T-cell depleted graft, unrelated or HLA-mismatched donor transplantation, and GvHD. Weekly surveillance by PCR in stool and blood till day 100 or longer post-HSCT and pre-emptive therapy with cidofovir are the mainstay of the current approach to adenoviral infections post-HSCT. Since a sufficient host T-cell response is essential to clear the virus, diagnostic procedures for detection of virus-specific T-cells have recently been developed to assess the risk of the infection. Furthermore, adoptive immunotherapy is a new treatment option for patients with absent specific T-cell response and present systemic adenoviral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Feuchtinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University. Tuebingen, Germany.
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10
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Abstract
Inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) have been approved for treating rheumatoid arthritis. As one of the biological response modifiers, etanercept has also been used in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. While etanercept is effective, certain infectious complications, such as tuberculosis, fungus, and cytomegalovirus, have been reported. We report the first Korean case of adenoviral pneumonia in a 55-year-old female who developed disseminated adenoviral infection following etanercept treatment, which resolved after anti-TNF-alpha discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Sin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Hwa Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - You-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Kalpoe JS, van der Heiden PLJ, Barge RMY, Houtzager S, Lankester AC, van Tol MJD, Kroes ACM. Assessment of disseminated adenovirus infections using quantitative plasma PCR in adult allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients receiving reduced intensity or myeloablative conditioning. Eur J Haematol 2007; 78:314-21. [PMID: 17331130 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2007.00821.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Disseminated adenovirus (AdV) infections following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) are increasingly recognised, particularly in children. This study evaluated the clinical relevance of disseminated AdV infections in adult allo-SCT recipients, after different conditioning regimens. METHODS In a cohort of 107 adult allo-SCT recipients, receiving either reduced intensity conditioning (RIC, n = 48) or myeloablative conditioning (MAC, n = 59), AdV DNA levels in plasma were determined retrospectively at 1, 3 and 6 months following transplantation. Results of this screening regimen were compared with a cohort of 58 paediatric allo-SCT recipients, in whom AdV DNA load was monitored prospectively, as part of a pre-emptive treatment strategy. In positive cases, the course of AdV DNA load and clinical outcome were assessed. RESULTS AdV DNA levels > or =1000 copies/mL were detected in five adults (4.7%) and eight children (13.8%). Screening for AdV viraemia at 1, 3 and 6 months would have detected seven of eight paediatric patients. One adult, receiving MAC, died with disseminated AdV disease and in four (three RIC and one MAC) AdV viraemia was transient without clinical symptoms specifically attributable to AdV. Seven paediatric patients with AdV viraemia were pre-emptively treated with ribavirin or cidofovir and in three of them disseminated AdV infection was related to a fatal outcome. CONCLUSIONS Disseminated AdV infections following allo-SCT was a rare event in the adults and cause morbidity in a minority of these patients. In four of five adult patients, spontaneous clearance of AdV viraemia occurred. Results did not differ between the conditioning regimens that were applied in the adult cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant S Kalpoe
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Neofytos D, Ojha A, Mookerjee B, Wagner J, Filicko J, Ferber A, Dessain S, Grosso D, Brunner J, Flomenberg N, Flomenberg P. Treatment of adenovirus disease in stem cell transplant recipients with cidofovir. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2007; 13:74-81. [PMID: 17222755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2006.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2006] [Accepted: 08/28/2006] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Invasive adenovirus (AdV) disease is fatal in >50% of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients. Treatment with cidofovir may improve outcomes based on in vitro susceptibility data and case reports. Six consecutive cases of invasive AdV disease treated with cidofovir were reviewed among 84 allogeneic adult SCT recipients (incidence, 7.1%). Cidofovir was administered intravenously at 5 mg/kg per dose (1-7 doses). All patients received intravenous immune globulin. Blood AdV DNA levels (viral loads, VLs) were monitored with a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Published reports of cidofovir treatment of AdV disease in SCT recipients were critically reviewed. The primary manifestations of AdV disease were hepatitis (n = 3), colitis (n = 2), and nephritis (n = 1). All patients had detectable AdV VLs, with peak values from 5 x 10(5) to 2 x 10(8) copies/mL. All patients received CD34+ selected grafts (n = 3) and/or had graft-versus-host disease (n = 4) and had CD4 counts <100 cells/mm3. Only 1 of 5 patients (20%) who received >or=2 doses of cidofovir died with active AdV disease. Four patients exhibited improvement within days of treatment with cidofovir as documented by clinical criteria and declines in AdV VLs (without a change in immunosuppression). In contrast, 1 patient treated late after onset of AdV disease died after 1 dose of cidofovir. In our review of 70 published cases treated with >or=2 doses of cidofovir, 13 (19%) died from AdV disease. In conclusion, early treatment of AdV disease with cidofovir inhibits viral replication in vivo and reduces mortality in allogeneic SCT recipients compared with historical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionissios Neofytos
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Environment Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
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13
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Sivaprakasam P, Carr TF, Coussons M, Khalid T, Bailey AS, Guiver M, Mutton KJ, Turner AJ, Grainger JD, Wynn RF. Improved outcome from invasive adenovirus infection in pediatric patients after hemopoietic stem cell transplantation using intensive clinical surveillance and early intervention. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2007; 29:81-5. [PMID: 17279003 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0b013e318030875e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus is a common cause of morbidity and mortality after hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in children. Recently the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of such infections have been better defined using improved virologic detection methods, in particular polymerase chain reaction. We have introduced intensive virologic surveillance for adenovirus in our institution including at least weekly polymerase chain reaction testing of blood and stool samples. We report on 71 prospectively monitored transplants, including 40 from unrelated donors. In total, there were 8 cases of invasive adenovirus infection, 3 of whom died. Mortality was less than in previous studies as cases were managed with antiviral chemotherapy and reduction of immune suppression. In fatal cases, there was concurrent difficult graft versus host disease making withdrawal of immune suppression therapy impossible. We describe 2 cases of graft failure in association with adenovirus viremia and its treatment that were successfully managed with further donor cell infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponni Sivaprakasam
- Departments of Haematology/BMT, Central Manchester and Manchester Children's Hospitals NHS Trust, Manchester, UK
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15
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Ahmad NM, Ahmad KM, Younus F. Severe adenovirus pneumonia (AVP) following infliximab infusion for the treatment of Crohn's disease. J Infect 2007; 54:e29-32. [PMID: 16678268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2006.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2005] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of severe AVP three weeks following the administration of infliximab for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). Since the introduction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) antagonists, various microbiologic agents have been reported to cause pneumonia following their administration. To our knowledge, AVP following therapy with TNF-alpha antagonists has not been reported in English literature. We present a brief review of the mechanism of action of TNF-alpha antagonists and their ability to predispose to various infections including viral pneumonia by interfering with the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir M Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, 1945 Route 33, Neptune, NJ 07754, USA.
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16
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Abstract
Pancreatitis is a well-recognized consequence of blood and marrow transplantation (BMT). In a 4-year period, between January 2001 and December 2004, five children who received a BMT in our institution were diagnosed as having pancreatitis. Four of these five children also had adenoviral infection. We report these four cases and highlight the importance of investigating for pancreatitis patients who have any abdominal symptoms post BMT, and include specific stool culture for viral isolation, if it is not already known.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Bateman
- Oncology Unit, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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Ozolek JA, Cieply K, Walpusk J, Ranganathan S. Adenovirus infection within stromal cells in a pediatric small bowel allograft. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2006; 9:321-7. [PMID: 16944984 DOI: 10.2350/06-01-0026.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Accepted: 01/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus infection is not uncommon in pediatric small bowel transplant recipients. Histopathologic findings include characteristic epithelial changes of intranuclear inclusions and smudging of nuclei. We present a case of adenovirus within stromal cells of the lamina propria in a biopsy from a small bowel allograft. Immunohistochemistry and double-labeled immunofluorescence were performed using antibodies against adenovirus, CD31, vimentin, cytokeratin, and CD163 on the allograft intestinal biopsy. Electron microscopy was done to confirm the presence of viral particles and to attempt to confirm the origin of the infected cells. The index biopsy showed scant cells within the lamina propria double-labeled with vimentin and adenovirus. Several cells showed predominantly cytoplasmic staining for adenoviral antigen. Intranuclear adenoviral particles were found in several cells of the lamina propria by electron microscopy. A subsequent biopsy showed typical adenoviral intranuclear inclusions within surface enterocytes. Adenovirus may infect stromal cells within the lamina propria. Although the typical location of adenoviral inclusions in small bowel is the surface epithelial cell nuclei, some cases may show inclusions within stromal cells. This observation may be important in the pathobiology of adenoviral infection, especially in the setting of pediatric transplantation. This finding should alert pathologists examining small bowel transplant biopsies, particularly those biopsies with extensive ulceration, to include careful surveillance of the lamina propria.
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MESH Headings
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/etiology
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/metabolism
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/pathology
- Adenoviruses, Human/immunology
- Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification
- Antibodies, Viral/metabolism
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Biopsy
- Child, Preschool
- Humans
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/pathology
- Intestine, Small/transplantation
- Intestine, Small/virology
- Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies/pathology
- Male
- Postoperative Complications
- Stromal Cells/virology
- Transplantation, Homologous/pathology
- Vimentin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Ozolek
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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18
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Wallot MA, Dohna-Schwake C, Auth M, Nadalin S, Fiedler M, Malagó M, Broelsch C, Voit T. Disseminated adenovirus infection with respiratory failure in pediatric liver transplant recipients: impact of intravenous cidofovir and inhaled nitric oxide. Pediatr Transplant 2006; 10:121-7. [PMID: 16499602 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2005.00411.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviruses (AdV) are opportunistic pathogens that can lead to severe infections and respiratory failure (acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS) with high mortality in immunosuppressed patients. Cidofovir (CDV) has been used in adenoviral disease in bone marrow transplant recipients. Two pediatric liver transplant recipients with disseminated adenoviral disease and ARDS were treated with reduction of immunosuppression, CDV, and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). CDV 1 mg/kg was given three times per week intravenously with intravenous hydration and oral probenecid. Viral suppression and clinical improvement was achieved. AdV hepatitis did not occur, and graft function was preserved, although acute rejection occurred in both patients. Adverse effects were mild and transient not requiring dose modification. Severe hypoxemia was reversed with iNO 10-20 p.p.m. CDV treatment of AdV infections in organ transplant recipients and other immunocompromised patients should be further investigated in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Wallot
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany.
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19
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Muller WJ, Levin MJ, Shin YK, Robinson C, Quinones R, Malcolm J, Hild E, Gao D, Giller R. Clinical and In Vitro Evaluation of Cidofovir for Treatment of Adenovirus Infection in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41:1812-6. [PMID: 16288409 DOI: 10.1086/498151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2005] [Accepted: 08/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) adenovirus infections were identified in 31 of 204 consecutive pediatric HSCT patients, 18 of whom had severe manifestations of infection. Cidofovir treatment led to clinical improvement in 8 of 10 patients with severe infection and to virologic clearance in 9 patients. In vitro susceptibility to cidofovir was demonstrated in 12 clinical adenovirus isolates. Cidofovir is a promising treatment option for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Muller
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
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20
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Abstract
This overview summarizes recent data on emerging viruses after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), including adenovirus, BK virus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and human herpesvirus (HHV) 6. The increased recognition of these infections is due to improved molecular detection methods, increased surveillance and more profound immunosuppression in the host. Adenovirus can cause serious disease especially in T-cell depleted transplant recipients. Adenovirus viremia is an important risk factor for disease in this setting. BK virus has been associated with hemorrhagic cystitis in HCT recipients. BK viremia is significantly associated with hemorrhagic cystitis. hMPV shows a seasonal distribution and can cause fatal pneumonia in HCT recipients. hMPV may be the etiology of some cases previously categorized as idiopathic pneumonia syndrome. HHV-6 commonly leads to viremia in HCT recipients. HHV-6 has been strongly associated with encephalitis and delayed platelet engraftment. Prospective studies are needed to further examine epidemiology, disease associations, and management strategies for these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Boeckh
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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21
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van Tol MJD, Kroes ACM, Schinkel J, Dinkelaar W, Claas ECJ, Jol-van der Zijde CM, Vossen JM. Adenovirus infection in paediatric stem cell transplant recipients: increased risk in young children with a delayed immune recovery. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 36:39-50. [PMID: 15908981 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus (HAdV) infections are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic human stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We report a retrospective single-centre study on 328 consecutive paediatric recipients of an allogeneic HSCT. During the first 6 months after HSCT, HAdV infection occurred in 37 children (cumulative incidence 12%). The highest incidence was found in young children up to 5 years of age, transplanted after 1994, with >2 log T-cell depletion of a graft of another than an HLA-genotypically identical related donor (actuarial frequency at 6 months 84%). Persistence of HAdV and spreading of the virus over multiple sites showed a trend towards the development of HAdV disease or death, but did not reach significance. Recovery of immunity after HSCT, that is, serum concentrations of IgM and peripheral blood counts of T cells and subsets, was delayed in children with an HAdV infection compared with noninfected children. In seven out of seven patients with HAdV DNA in serum and decreasing lymphocyte counts, the infection had a fatal course. Manipulation of cellular immunity either by tapering of immunosuppression, infusion of donor lymphocytes or immunotherapy using HAdV-specific T cells should be considered in graft recipients at risk for a severe HAdV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J D van Tol
- The Department of Paediatrics, Section of Immunology, Haematology, Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplantation and Autoimmunity, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands.
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22
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Myers GD, Krance RA, Weiss H, Kuehnle I, Demmler G, Heslop HE, Bollard CM. Adenovirus infection rates in pediatric recipients of alternate donor allogeneic bone marrow transplants receiving either antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or alemtuzumab (Campath). Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 36:1001-8. [PMID: 16184180 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Infectious complications due to adenovirus are of increasing concern after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Over the past 4 years, we have modified our conditioning regimens to use alemtuzumab in preference to anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) for pediatric patients receiving stem cell transplants from alternate donors. Recent reports in adult studies implicate alemtuzumab as a risk factor for adenovirus infection. We therefore evaluated the incidence of adenovirus infection in pediatric patients receiving either ATG or alemtuzumab in their conditioning regimens. Of the 111 patients evaluated, a total of 54 patients received ATG and 57 patients received alemtuzumab. In total, 35/111 (32%) patients were infected by adenovirus, and 9/111 (8%) had adenovirus disease (AD). Adenovirus infection was greater in the alemtuzumab group than the ATG group (23/57 vs 12/54) (P=0.039) and disseminated AD was more frequent in the alemtuzumab group vs the ATG group (8/57 and 1/54 respectively) (P=0.032). The presence of Grade 3-4 graft-versus-host disease was a risk factor for adenovirus infection. Our findings highlight the fact that adenovirus infection is a frequent complication after stem cell transplantation from alternate donors in the pediatric population and that alemtuzumab increases the risk of infection compared to ATG. This work will help in identifying at-risk populations for our upcoming immunotherapy trial using adoptively transferred donor-derived adenovirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
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MESH Headings
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/chemically induced
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/etiology
- Adolescent
- Alemtuzumab
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/toxicity
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/toxicity
- Antilymphocyte Serum/administration & dosage
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/methods
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Graft vs Host Disease/complications
- Hematologic Diseases/complications
- Hematologic Diseases/therapy
- Humans
- Incidence
- Infant
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Tissue Donors
- Transplantation Conditioning/adverse effects
- Transplantation Conditioning/methods
- Transplantation, Homologous
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Myers
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, 77030, USA
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23
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Iguchi T, Yokoyama K, Mitsuishi M, Chen CK, Ikeda Y, Okamoto S. [Pulmonary tuberculosis and adenovirus-hemorrhagic cystitis after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for follicular lymphoma]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2005; 46:1049-54. [PMID: 16440763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A 58-year-old man had a relapsed follicular lymphoma (Grade 2) and was treated with mitoxantrone, fludarabine and dexamethasone followed by rituximab, and achieved partial remission. The patient then underwent high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT). Three days after starting high-dose therapy, he developed a fever, and a chest X-ray revealed pneumonia in the right lower lung. Despite of the administration of antibiotics and the recovery of neutrophils to normal levels, the pneumonia got worse. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on day 32, the Ziehl-Neelsen staining of the BAL fluid showed acid-fast bacilli, and the culture grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patient was diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis and placed on an antituberculosis regimen (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide). On day 43 he also developed hemorrhagic cystitis due to adenovirus type 11, and on day 49 positive CMV antigenemia was detected, which were treated supportively. On day 75 he developed pneumonia probably due to Pneumocystis jirovecii, which was treated with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The pulmonary tuberculosis resolved completely 4 months after starting the treatment, and the hemorrhagic cystitis and pneumocystis pneumonia resolved 1 month after the diagnosis. He remains in complete remission 2 years after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyotaka Iguchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine
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24
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Slatter MA, Read S, Taylor CE, Crooks BNA, Abinun M, Flood TJ, Cant AJ, Wright C, Gennery AR. Adenovirus type F subtype 41 causing disseminated disease following bone marrow transplantation for immunodeficiency. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:1462-4. [PMID: 15750134 PMCID: PMC1081290 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.3.1462-1464.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus causes disseminated disease following bone marrow transplantation (BMT). We report a child who underwent T-cell-depleted BMT. Adenovirus subgenus F serotype 41 was detected antemortem by PCR in cerebrospinal fluid and postmortem in other tissues. Serotypes 40 and 41, associated with gastrointestinal disease, have not previously been implicated in disseminated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary A Slatter
- Paediatric Immunology Unit, Ward 23, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, United Kingdom
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25
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Mori T, Aisa Y, Shimizu T, Ikeda Y, Okamoto S, Okada K, Kazuyama Y. Hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus type 34 after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation 2005; 79:624. [PMID: 15753860 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000147653.16324.ca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Fanourgiakis P, Georgala A, Vekemans M, Triffet A, De Bruyn JM, Duchateau V, Martiat P, De Clercq E, Snoeck R, Wollants E, Rector A, Van Ranst M, Aoun M. Intravesical Instillation of Cidofovir in the Treatment of Hemorrhagic Cystitis Caused by Adenovirus Type 11 in a Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40:199-201. [PMID: 15614713 DOI: 10.1086/426594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2004] [Accepted: 08/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic cystitis that occurs late after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in BMT recipients is often associated with adenovirus or polyomavirus BK infections. Intravesical instillation of cidofovir in a BMT recipient with intractable hemorrhagic cystitis resulted in clinical improvement. Local cidofovir therapy for viral hemorrhagic cystitis could be an alternative to intravenous administration of cidofovir.
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27
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Arcieri ES, Arcieri RS, França ET, Rocha FJ. Subepithelial infiltrates associated to viral keratoconjunctivitis following photorefractive keratectomy. Eye (Lond) 2004; 18:1010-2. [PMID: 15094736 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6701377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report three cases of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis in patients who have undergone photorefractive keratectomy and that just developed subepithelial infiltrates. METHODS Description of patients that developed postoperative adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis after photorefractive keratectomy without influence in the final visual outcome. RESULTS All patients presented adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis 2-3 months after refractive surgery. They developed multiple pinpoint subepithelial infiltrates in six eyes, without haze development. The final uncorrected visual acuity was better or equal to 20/30. CONCLUSION Although patients undergoing photorefractive keratectomy might develop severe corneal scarring following ocular infections, such events may follow their natural evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Arcieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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28
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Schleuning M, Buxbaum-Conradi H, Jäger G, Kolb HJ. Intravenous ribavirin for eradication of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and adenovirus isolates from the respiratory and/or gastrointestinal tract in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants. Hematol J 2004; 5:135-44. [PMID: 15048064 DOI: 10.1038/sj.thj.6200358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In a retrospective analysis, we identified 38 evaluable patients who received intravenous ribavirin after adenovirus or RSV detection in the respiratory and/or gastrointestinal tract throughout the years 1998 and 2001. A total of 43 treatment cycles are analyzed. Intravenous ribavirin was combined with cidofovir in about half of the patients. In six out of eight patients treated because of RSV isolates from the respiratory tract, the virus was no longer detectable after treatment. In case of adenovirus isolates, the treatment was efficacious in eradicating the virus from the respiratory tract in more than 60% and from the gastrointestinal tract in 75% of treatment cycles. The addition of cidofovir was not beneficial in eradicating RSV isolates, but somewhat improved the virus clearance of adenovirus. Virus clearance was associated with a trend to a better median survival after virus detection. There were some episodes of suspected hemolysis and a trend towards lower leukocyte counts, reaching grade 3 toxicity in about 15% of treatment cycles. However, in general, intravenous ribavirin was well tolerated. In conclusion, the possible efficacy of intravenous Ribavirin in controlling RSV or adenovirus infections after allogeneic stem cell transplantations should be evaluated in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schleuning
- Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Aukammallee 33, 65191 Wiesbaden, Germany.
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29
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Teramura T, Naya M, Yoshihara T, Kanoh G, Morimoto A, Imashuku S. Adenoviral infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: early diagnosis with quantitative detection of the viral genome in serum and urine. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004; 33:87-92. [PMID: 14578929 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and prompt introduction of effective therapy are imperative to manage systemic, often fatal adenoviral (AdV) disease following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). We evaluated the usefulness of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of AdV disease in SCT recipients. Seven SCT recipients, including three with AdV disease, were retrospectively evaluated for AdV genome detection. In serum specimens, the AdV genome was detected at >10(3) copies/ml in the pre-SCT period in two of the five recipients studied. These two patients subsequently developed AdV disease. The three patients with AdV disease had high levels of >10(5) copies/ml during the 4-6 weeks post-SCT period. In none of these patients was the AdV genome detected in urine specimens in pre-SCT period. However, three recipients with detectable urinary levels during the period 1-2 weeks post-SCT subsequently developed AdV disease. Regarding the outcome, two of the three patients with AdV disease died of progressive renal failure. Our results suggest that quantitative determination of the AdV genome in serum and urine is useful to identify patients at high risk of developing AdV disease. Prospectively applied, these measures are expected to improve the dismal outcome of AdV disease in SCT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Teramura
- Kyoto City Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto, Japan.
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30
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Phowthongkum P, Siritantikorn S, Suankratay C. Adenovirus hemorrhagic cystitis in a stem cell transplant patient: the first reported case in Southeast Asia. J Med Assoc Thai 2004; 87 Suppl 2:S288-91. [PMID: 16083204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Adenovirus (AdV) infections are prevalent in bone marrow transplant patients, usually associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a major complication mainly attributed to this virus. The authors report a case of AdV HC in a myelodysplastic patient undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive urine AdV antigen using indirect immunofluorescence assay. The patient gradually improved after adequate hydration, supportive treatment and reduced dose of cyclosporine, and was discharged on the ninth day of hospitalization. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of AdV HC in stem cell transplantation in Southeast Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasit Phowthongkum
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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31
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Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad), particularly Ad type 7 (Ad7), causes severe lung infection and pneumonia. Initially, Ad causes neutrophilic inflammation of the distal airways and alveoli. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is the major lung neutrophil chemotaxin, and we have shown that Ad7 induces IL-8 release from the A549 alveolar epithelial cell line. We sought to determine whether ex vivo human and bovine lung tissue containing primary pneumocytes could be used as a more accurate and relevant model to study Ad acute inflammation. We found that cultured lung tissue preserved normal lung architecture for more than 10 days. IL-8 was generated upon exposure of the lung organ culture to Ad7. IL-8 production required activation of the Ras/Erk pathway, since a pharmacological inhibitor blocked the appearance of IL-8 in the medium. Both human and bovine lung explants supported replication of Ad7, and immunohistochemistry experiments demonstrated the presence of the Ad hexon antigen within alveolar epithelial cells. These findings show that our novel human lung organ culture accurately reproduces the in vivo infectious disease process. Thus, this organ culture model represents a valuable tool for studying the acute innate immune response to respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Booth
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
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32
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Emovon OE, Lin A, Howell DN, Afzal F, Baillie M, Rogers J, Baliga PK, Chavin K, Nickeleit V, Rajagapalan PR, Self S. Refractory adenovirus infection after simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation: successful treatment with intravenous ribavirin and pooled human intravenous immunoglobulin. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18:2436-8. [PMID: 14551382 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfg365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Osemwegie E Emovon
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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33
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Lion T, Baumgartinger R, Watzinger F, Matthes-Martin S, Suda M, Preuner S, Futterknecht B, Lawitschka A, Peters C, Potschger U, Gadner H. Molecular monitoring of adenovirus in peripheral blood after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation permits early diagnosis of disseminated disease. Blood 2003; 102:1114-20. [PMID: 12702513 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-07-2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (AdV) infection in the course of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is associated with high transplant-related morbidity and mortality. Disseminated AdV disease is lethal in most instances. Early detection of AdV infection and identification of patients carrying a high risk of disseminated disease therefore remain a major challenge. In view of the large number of existing AdV types, we have established real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays permitting sensitive detection and quantification of all 51 currently known human AdV serotypes. In a series of 132 consecutive pediatric patients undergoing SCT, more than 5000 samples derived from peripheral blood (PB), stool, urine, and throat were screened for adenovirus infection by PCR during the posttransplantation period. Thirty-six patients (27%) tested positive by PCR, revealing AdV types of the subgenera A, B, C, D, and F. Except for enteritis in some patients with AdV positivity in stool, detection of the virus at sites other than PB was not associated with clinical signs of virus disease, and transplant-related mortality was not significantly different from AdV-negative patients. By contrast, 82% of patients who had detectable AdV in PB died from infectious complications (P <.001). Monitoring of PB specimens by real-time PCR permitted early diagnosis of invasive AdV infection in all instances. In patients who developed disseminated AdV disease, detection of the virus in PB preceded onset of clinical symptoms by a median of more than 3 weeks. The observation of AdV in peripheral blood may therefore serve as a basis for early initiation of preemptive antiviral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lion
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI),Kinderspitalgasse 6, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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34
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Mori K, Yoshihara T, Nishimura Y, Uchida M, Katsura K, Kawase Y, Hatano I, Ishida H, Chiyonobu T, Kasubuchi Y, Morimoto A, Teramura T, Imashuku S. Acute renal failure due to adenovirus-associated obstructive uropathy and necrotizing tubulointerstitial nephritis in a bone marrow transplant recipient. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003; 31:1173-6. [PMID: 12796799 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Management of post-transplant complications caused by severe adenoviral infection remains a major therapeutic challenge. A 17-year-old male who had undergone bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed complete anuria following hemorrhagic cystitis 34 days after the transplant procedure. The computed tomogram scan revealed bilateral hydronephrosis, indicating acute renal failure because of obstructive uropathy. The emergency procedure of percutaneous nephrostomy caused massive bleeding in the left kidney, which eventually required a nephrectomy. Adenovirus-positive severe necrotizing tubulointerstitial nephritis was the histopathological diagnosis. Post-transplant acute renal failure because of hydronephrosis, which could be complicated by adenovirus-induced renal parenchymal disease, is of great concern and may cause significant problems with interventional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mori
- Department of Pediatrics, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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35
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Fianchi L, Scardocci A, Cattani P, Tartaglione T, Pagano L. Adenovirus meningoencephalitis in a patient with large B-cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2003; 82:313-5. [PMID: 12679888 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-003-0637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2002] [Accepted: 02/25/2003] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a 58-year-old female with neuromeningeal relapse of a large B-cell lymphoma which developed a meningoencephalitis due to adenovirus (ADV). Diagnosis of suspected viral meningoencephalitis was based on computed tomography (CT) scan radiological pictures, which were atypical for CNS neoplastic infiltrations, and it was confirmed by direct immunofluorescence performed on cerebrospinal fluid. Cultural exams identified adenovirus type 7. The ADV infection resolved after treatment with total four doses of cidofovir. Unfortunately, the hematological disease progressed and the patient died 2 months later from disseminated lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fianchi
- Department of Hematology, Catholic University S. Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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36
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Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) infections in immunocompromised hosts have increased in frequency as the number of patients with transplants of bone marrow, liver, kidney, heart and other organs increase in number and survive longer. The numbers of such patients have also increased because of the emergence of the HIV epidemic. Ad infections with the 51 different serotypes recognised to date have few pathognomonic signs and symptoms, and thus require a variety of laboratory-based procedures to confirm infection. These viruses have the ability to target various organs with relative serotype specificity and can cause diverse manifestations including serious life-threatening diseases characteristic of the organs involved. Ads have cytolytic and immunoregulatory properties. The clinical dilemma remains the prompt recognition of Ad-related disease, the differentiation of Ad infection from Ad disease and the differentiation from other causative agents. Since the armamentarium of effective antiviral agents available to treat Ads is unproven by controlled trials and the virus is often not acquired de novo, it is difficult to prevent reactivation in immunodeficient hosts or new acquisition from donor organs. Timely discontinuation of immunosuppressive agents is necessary to prevent morbid outcomes. The clinical diseases, diagnostic tests, antiviral agents and biological aspects of the Ads as pathogens in immunocompromised patients are discussed in the context of this review. Some of the newer diagnostic tests are based on the well-studied molecular biology of Ads, which also have been attenuated by selective viral DNA deletions for use as vectors in numerous gene therapy trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsoline Kojaoghlanian
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, New York 10467, USA
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- G Caspari
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Sauerbruchstrasse, Diagnostic Center, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.
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38
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Abstract
The authors report a rare case of fulminant adenoviral hepatic necrosis occurring after chemotherapy in a patient with a second relapse of acute myeloid leukemia. The literature is reviewed and the role of rapid viral diagnosis in the clinical management of this complication is discussed. A 10-year-old girl with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplant underwent re-induction chemotherapy with high-dose cytosine arabinoside and amsacrine. During induction she developed diarrhea and a marked coagulopathy, followed by fulminant hepatic failure and acute pre-renal failure. She rapidly deteriorated and died. A limited autopsy was performed. Adenovirus type 5 was cultured from ante mortem clinical samples and detected by polymerase chain reaction in postmortem samples of heart blood, lung, trachea, spleen, and liver. At autopsy, the liver demonstrated massive hepatic necrosis with positive immunofluorescence for adenovirus. Electron microscopy demonstrated intranuclear inclusions, typical of adenovirus. There was no evidence of pneumonia. Adenovirus can cause fulminant hepatic necrosis following chemotherapy in a nontransplant setting. If adenoviral disease is suspected, appropriate rapid viral studies should be undertaken, because early intervention with ribavirin or cidofovir may prevent rapid fulminant progression. Further studies on the role of antiviral therapy in this setting are warranted.
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MESH Headings
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/etiology
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/pathology
- Adolescent
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects
- Female
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human/etiology
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human/pathology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/complications
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/virology
- Liver/pathology
- Necrosis
- Recurrence
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Affiliation(s)
- Balveer Kaur
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Runde V, Ross S, Trenschel R, Lagemann E, Basu O, Renzing-Köhler K, Schaefer UW, Roggendorf M, Holler E. Adenoviral infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT): report on 130 patients from a single SCT unit involved in a prospective multi center surveillance study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 28:51-7. [PMID: 11498744 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1703083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2000] [Accepted: 04/04/2001] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of adenovirus (AV) infections following SCT was determined in a prospective multicenter trial. Over 1 year, 130 consecutive patients undergoing allogeneic SCT at Essen University Hospital were included and followed for 6 months. Source of stem cells was blood in 68 cases. Fifty-eight patients had HLA-identical sibling donors. Throat swabs, urine and stool samples were screened weekly for AV antigen and DNA by ELISA and nested PCR, respectively. In 35 cases adenovirus infection was detected. There was no seasonal variation. Throat swabs were positive in 24, urine in 12, and stool in 11 cases, resulting in a cumulative risk of infection of 29%. The incidences of AV infection of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urinary tract were 19%, 10%, and 9%, respectively, and infections were diagnosed after a median (range) interval of 44 (-2-179), 37 (-2-168), and 53 (17-153) days after transplantation. On multivariate analysis, presence of AV antibody in the donor and acute graft-versus-host disease grade IV were found to be independent risk factors for AV infection. Eleven patients had AV isolated from more than one site and five patients had probable AV disease. We were not able to identify patients in whom AV infection was the leading cause of death. The majority of patients infected with AV suffered from severe acute graft-versus-host disease often accompanied by other opportunistic infections, such as aspergillosis or CMV reactivation. Nineteen out of 36 patients who died during the observation period had AV infection. In summary, AV infection after allogeneic SCT was observed in a substantial number of patients. In addition to well-known risk factors for viral infection after SCT we were able to demonstrate that a positive AV antibody test in the donor is an important risk factor for AV infection. Further studies are needed, however, before final conclusions on the clinical sequelae of AV infection can be made and the role of preventive and therapeutic strategies toward AV infection after allogeneic SCT can be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Runde
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Germany
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40
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Baldwin A, Kingman H, Darville M, Foot AB, Grier D, Cornish JM, Goulden N, Oakhill A, Pamphilon DH, Steward CG, Marks DI. Outcome and clinical course of 100 patients with adenovirus infection following bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000; 26:1333-8. [PMID: 11223974 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1702716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective review of the clinical features and outcome of adenovirus infection in 572 consecutive patients transplanted in a single centre over a 10 year period. One hundred patients (17%) had a total of 105 episodes of adenovirus infection diagnosed at a median of 18 days post transplant (range 2-150 days). The incidence was higher in children than adults (21% vs 9%, P < 0.001) and in unrelated donor vs matched sibling donor transplants (26% vs 9%, P < 0.001). Diarrhoea and fever were the most common presenting features. Reflecting these symptoms, the most common site of isolation was the stool. Serotypes 1, 2 and 7 were the most frequently seen (total of 41/68 or 60% of evaluable cases). In six patients (6%) adenovirus infection was the direct cause of death occurring at a median of 72 days post transplant (range 18-365 days). Five of these six patients had pulmonary involvement and four had associated graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Three further patients were considered to have severe adenoviral disease (total incidence 9%). Isolation of virus from multiple sites correlated with a poor outcome (P < 0.001). Comorbid viral infection was common in this group with 50% of all patients having other viruses isolated (predominantly polyoma virus and cytomegalovirus). We conclude that adenovirus is commonly isolated after bone marrow transplant and is a cause of significant morbidity but was a rare cause of mortality (6/572 = 1%) in our patient group as a whole. The relative infrequency of severe infection will make it difficult for the transplant physician to decide which patients should receive experimental antiviral drugs such as ribavirin and cidofovir or immunomodulatory therapy with donor white cell infusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baldwin
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Bristol, UK
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Baron F, Ribbens C, Kaye O, Fillet G, Malaise M, Beguin Y. Effective treatment of Jo-1-associated polymyositis with T-cell-depleted autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol 2000; 110:339-42. [PMID: 10971390 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02191.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A patient with Jo-1 antibody-associated polymyositis (Jo-1 PM) had a Karnofsky score of 40% and severe muscle, liver and lung damage that was refractory to standard therapy. The female patient received an autologous T-cell-depleted haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) after myeloablative conditioning. The transplant procedure was complicated by severe adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and adenovirus-associated haemorrhagic cystitis as well as cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation. The patient's creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) and alanine transaminase (ALT) values were normal on day 21. The patient's strength has improved remarkably and her dyspnoea is subjectively improved. At 15 months after the transplant, the patient was well with a Karnofsky score of 80% and had been off any therapy, including steroids, for 14 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Baron
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Haematology and Rheumatology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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42
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Abstract
We report on the effectiveness of intravenous ribavirin for severe adenoviral pneumonia in a 10-month-old male following orthotopic liver transplantation. On day 20 post-transplantation, he developed high fever, marked respiratory compromise, and hypoxemia. The chest radiograph showed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid grew adenovirus, serotype 1. Marked clinical and radiological improvement was noted after intravenous ribavirin therapy. A prospective clinical trial is needed to determine the efficacy of ribavirin therapy for severe adenovirus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Shetty
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
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43
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Li E, Stupack D, Bokoch GM, Nemerow GR. Adenovirus endocytosis requires actin cytoskeleton reorganization mediated by Rho family GTPases. J Virol 1998; 72:8806-12. [PMID: 9765425 PMCID: PMC110297 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.11.8806-8812.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/1998] [Accepted: 08/05/1998] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) endocytosis via alphav integrins requires activation of the lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K). Previous studies have linked PI3K activity to both the Ras and Rho signaling cascades, each of which has the capacity to alter the host cell actin cytoskeleton. Ad interaction with cells also stimulates reorganization of cortical actin filaments and the formation of membrane ruffles (lamellipodia). We demonstrate here that members of the Rho family of small GTP binding proteins, Rac and CDC42, act downstream of PI3K to promote Ad endocytosis. Ad internalization was significantly reduced in cells treated with Clostridium difficile toxin B and in cells expressing a dominant-negative Rac or CDC42 but not a H-Ras protein. Viral endocytosis was also inhibited by cytochalasin D as well as by expression of effector domain mutants of Rac or CDC42 that impair cytoskeletal function but not JNK/MAP kinase pathway activation. Thus, Ad endocytosis requires assembly of the actin cytoskeleton, an event initiated by activation of PI3K and, subsequently, Rac and CDC42.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Li
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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44
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Gondo H. [Complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: physiopathology and management. 1. Infections]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 1998; 87:1495-501. [PMID: 9780677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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45
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Rabella García N, Brunet Mauri S, Navarro Risueño F, Sureda Balari A. [Allogeneic hemopoietic progenitors transplantation and adenovirus infection]. Med Clin (Barc) 1998; 111:159. [PMID: 9717150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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46
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Mann D, Moreb J, Smith S, Gian V. Failure of intravenous ribavirin in the treatment of invasive adenovirus infection following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a case report. J Infect 1998; 36:227-8. [PMID: 9570662 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(98)80021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of fatal adenovirus infection in a 37-year-old female who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML). Post BMT she developed acute grade II graft-vs.-host disease (aGVHD) requiring high-dose steroids and anti-thymocyte globulin. Additionally, her clinical course was complicated with adenovirus-associated haemorrhagic cystitis and viraemia. Intravenous ribavirin was obtained and administered for 5 days without success; the patient's mental status deteriorated rapidly and she died on day 69 post-transplant. Radiological imaging revealed diffuse cortical necrosis. At autopsy adenovirus was identified in her bladder, kidneys and lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mann
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainsville 32610-0277, USA
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47
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Abstract
BACKGROUND To report a newly recognized cause of late onset of corneal haze following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS A 35-year old woman who underwent uneventful PRK and subsequently developed viral keratoconjunctivitis 1 year after treatment. RESULTS During resolution of the viral keratoconjunctivitis, the patient developed extensive central corneal subepithelial infiltrates and anterior stromal fibrosis in the PRK ablation zone. More than 1 year after the initial infection, the central subepithelial fibrosis persisted, complicated by myopic regression, central steep island on videokeratography, and loss of five lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity. By the end of the second year after the infection, visual acuity had improved with disappearance of the central steep island on videokeratography. However, the myopic regression and subepithelial fibrosis remained. CONCLUSION Patients who undergo PRK may be at greater risk of visual loss following viral keratoconjunctivitis secondary to persistent subepithelial infiltrates and/or stromal fibrosis within the PRK treatment zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pineda
- Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114, USA
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48
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Abstract
Human adenoviruses have provided valuable insights into virus-host interactions at the clinical and experimental levels. In addition to the medical importance of adenoviruses in acute infections and the ability of the virus to persist in the host, adenovirus-based recombinants are being developed as potential vaccine vectors. It is now clear that adenoviruses employ various strategies to modulate the innate and the adaptive host immune defences. Adenovirus genome-coded products that interact with the immune response of the host have been identified, and to a large extent the molecular mechanisms of their functions have been revealed. Such knowledge will no doubt influence our approach to the areas of viral pathogenesis, vaccine development and immune modulation for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hayder
- Division of Immunology and Cell Biology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory
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Whimbey E, Champlin RE, Couch RB, Englund JA, Goodrich JM, Raad I, Przepiorka D, Lewis VA, Mirza N, Yousuf H, Tarrand JJ, Bodey GP. Community respiratory virus infections among hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22:778-82. [PMID: 8722930 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/22.5.778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
From 1 November 1992 through 1 May 1993 and from 1 November 1993 through 1 May 1994, we conducted a prospective surveillance study at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston) to evaluate the role of community respiratory virus infections in hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients, Respiratory secretions were obtained from all adult BMT recipients with acute respiratory illnesses. During these two winters, a community respiratory virus was isolated from 37 (36%) of 102 patients and 30 (26%) of 115 patients, respectively. Approximately half (49%) of these infections were due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); the remainder were due to influenza virus (18%), picornaviruses (18%), parainfluenza virus (9%), or adenovirus (6%). Fifty-eight percent of these infections were complicated by pneumonia, with an associated mortality of 51%. The pneumonias that complicated RSV infection were almost exclusively viral in origin and were associated with a mortality of 100% if not treated promptly with antiviral agents. In contrast, many of the pneumonias that complicated the other viral infections, such as influenza, appeared to be either self-limited viral pneumonias or secondary bacterial or fungal pneumonias. Community respiratory viruses are frequent causes of acute respiratory illnesses in adult BMT recipients hospitalized during the winter and are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Whimbey
- Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA
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Abstract
We report the clinical events associated with severe bacterial or viral infections in four patients whose illnesses followed or coincided with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory infection. We propose that M. pneumoniae has the ability to act as a cofactor in severe respiratory disease by facilitating alterations in local respiratory immunity or structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cimolai
- Department of Pathology, British Columbia's Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
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