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Romashin D, Rusanov A, Tolstova T, Varshaver A, Netrusov A, Kozhin P, Luzgina N. Loss of mutant p53 in HaCaT keratinocytes promotes cadmium-induced keratin 17 expression and cell death. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149834. [PMID: 38547608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium exposure induces dermatotoxicity and epidermal barrier disruption and leads to the development of various pathologies. HaCaT cells are immortalized human keratinocytes that are widely used as alternatives to primary human keratinocytes, particularly for evaluating cadmium toxicity. HaCaT cells bear two gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the TP53 gene, which strongly affect p53 function. Mutant forms of p53 are known to correlate with increased resistance to various stimuli, including exposure to cytotoxic substances. In addition, keratin 17 (KRT17) was recently shown to be highly expressed in HaCaT cells in response to genotoxic stress. Moreover, p53 is a direct transcriptional repressor of KRT17. However, the impact of TP53 mutations in HaCaT cells on the regulation of cell death and keratin 17 expression is unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of p53 on the response to Cd-induced cytotoxicity. METHODS AND RESULTS Employing the MTT assay and Annexin V/propidium iodide staining, we demonstrated that knockout of TP53 leads to a decrease in the sensitivity of HaCaT cells to the cytotoxic effects of cadmium. Specifically, HaCaT cells with TP53 knockout (TP53 KO HaCaT) exhibited cell death at a cadmium concentration of 10 μM or higher, whereas wild-type cells displayed cell death at a concentration of 30 μM. Furthermore, apoptotic cells were consistently detected in TP53 KO HaCaT cells upon exposure to low concentrations of cadmium (10 and 20 μM) but not in wild-type cells. Our findings also indicate that cadmium cytotoxicity is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which were significantly increased only in TP53 knockout cells treated with 30 μM cadmium. An examination of proteomic data revealed that TP53 knockout in HaCaT cells resulted in the upregulation of proteins involved in the regulation of apoptosis, redox systems, and DNA repair. Moreover, RT‒qPCR and immunoblotting showed that cadmium toxicity leads to dose-dependent induction of keratin 17 in p53-deficient cells but not in wild-type cells. CONCLUSIONS The connection between mutant p53 in HaCaT keratinocytes and increased resistance to cadmium toxicity was demonstrated for the first time. Proteomic profiling revealed that TP53 knockout in HaCaT cells led to the activation of apoptosis regulatory circuits, redox systems, and DNA repair. In addition, our data support the involvement of keratin 17 in the regulation of DNA repair and cell death. Apparently, the induction of keratin 17 is p53-independent but may be inhibited by mutant p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Romashin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow, 119121, Russia
| | - Alexander Rusanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow, 119121, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Tolstova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow, 119121, Russia
| | - Alexandra Varshaver
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow, 119121, Russia
| | - Alexander Netrusov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Peter Kozhin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow, 119121, Russia
| | - Nataliya Luzgina
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow, 119121, Russia
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Wu L, Ding W, Wang X, Li X, Yang J. Interference KRT17 reverses doxorubicin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer cells by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:1329-1338. [PMID: 37634232 PMCID: PMC10504156 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01437-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with the highest degree of malignancy and is easily resistant to drugs due to the lack of hormone receptors. Research on the resistance mechanisms in TNBC is particularly important. Keratin 17 (KRT17) is highly expressed in TNBC. Anthracycline doxorubicin (Dox) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug for early stage triple-negative breast cancer. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the role of KRT17 in TNBC-Dox resistance. METHODS Immuno-histochemical staining, qPCR, western blotting (WB), and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of KRT17 in TNBC-Dox-resistant patients and in TNBC-Dox-resistant MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231. the effect of KRT17 on the proliferation and migration in KRT17 knockdown of TNBC-Dox-resistant cells was determined by the CCK8, clone formation, transwell invasion and wound healing assays were used to determine. RESULTS KRT17 was highly expressed in the TNBC-Dox-resistant cells. Knockdown of KRT17 significantly reduced the IC50s of TNBC-Dox-resistant and parental strains and also reduced the proliferation and invasion abilities of TNBC-Dox-resistant cell lines. KRT17 regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The inhibitory effect of KRT17 knockdown on the proliferation and migration of TNBC-Dox-resistant cells was reversed by an activator of the Wnt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION KRT17 can inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby reducing the proliferation and invasion ability of TNBC-Dox-resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiong Wu
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South, China University of Technology, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China
| | - Wenshuang Ding
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South, China University of Technology, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China
| | - Xiaopai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South, China University of Technology, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China
| | - Xiubo Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South, China University of Technology, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of South, China University of Technology, 51080, Guangzhou, R.P. China.
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3
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Koprulu M, Naeem M, Nalbant G, Shabbir RMK, Mahmood T, Huma Z, Malik S, Tolun A. KERATIN 17-related recessive atypical pachyonychia congenita with variable hair and tooth anomalies. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:1292-1296. [PMID: 35676340 PMCID: PMC9626541 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the first pachyonychia congenita (PC) to involve all ectodermal derivatives and the first recessive KRT17-related PC in total seven members of two consanguineous Pakistani families. This atypical PC is characterized by an unusual combination of pachyonychia, plantar keratoderma, folliculitis, alopecia, sparse eyebrows, dental anomalies and variable acanthosis nigricans of neck, dry skin, palmoplantar hyperhidrosis, recurrent blisters on soles and/or arms, rough sparse hair on scalp and keratosis pilaris. By exome sequencing we detected homozygous KRT17 c.281G>A (p.(Arg94His)) in affected individuals, and linkage mapping indicated a single locus. Heterozygous variants in KRT17 cause PC2 (PC-K17) with main characteristics of pachyonychia, subungual keratosis, palmoplantar keratoderma, hyperhidrosis, oral leukokeratosis and epidermal cysts, or steatocystoma multiplex, both with dominant inheritance. The causative variant has been reported in heterozygous state in a family afflicted with severe steatocystoma multiplex and in a sporadic PC2 case, and thus we also define a third phenotype related to the variant. Both exome sequencing and linkage mapping demonstrated recessive inheritance whereas Sanger sequencing indicated heterozygosity for the causal variant, reiterating caution for simple targeted sequencing for genetic testing. Testing parents for variants found in sibs could uncover recessive inheritance also in other KRT genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Koprulu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, MOBGAM, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Gökhan Nalbant
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rana M Kamran Shabbir
- Department of Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Dermatology, Al-Nafees Medical College, Isra University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zele Huma
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Malik
- Human Genetics Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Aslıhan Tolun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, MOBGAM, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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4
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Tang S, Liu W, Yong L, Liu D, Lin X, Huang Y, Wang H, Cai F. Reduced Expression of KRT17 Predicts Poor Prognosis in HER2high Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091183. [PMID: 36139022 PMCID: PMC9496156 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common types of malignancies in women and greatly threatens female health. KRT17 is a member of the keratin (KRT) protein family that is abundant in the outer layer of the skin, where it protects epithelial cells from damage. Although KRT17 has been studied in many types of cancer, the expression of KRT17 in specific subtypes of BC remains to be determined. In our study, we explored the expression and prognostic implications of KRT17 in BC patients using mRNA transcriptome data and clinical BC data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the chi-square test were used to assess the diagnostic value of KRT17 expression. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT−PCR) analysis of BC cells and tissues and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of clinical tissues were used for external validation. Furthermore, the relationship between KRT17 and immune function was studied by using the CIBERSORT algorithm to predict the proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to explore the potential mechanisms by which KRT17 expression influences patient survival. We found that KRT17 expression was significantly lower in BC tissues than in normal tissues, especially in the luminal-A, luminal-B and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)+ subtypes of BC. ROC analysis revealed that KRT17 expression had moderate diagnostic value. Interestingly, decreased expression of KRT17 was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in BC patients, especially in HER2high and ERhigh patients. This trend was also verified by tissue microarray (TMA) analysis. KRT17 was found to be involved in some antitumor immune pathways, especially the IL-17 signaling pathway, and associated with multiple immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) and CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, high expression of KRT17 predicted favorable prognosis in BC patients with higher HER2 expression. This result may indicate that KRT17 plays a different role depending on the level of HER2 expression and could serve as a promising and sensitive biomarker for the diagnosis and prognostication of HER2high BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Liyun Yong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Cellomics International Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, No.279 Zhouzhu Highway, Shanghai 201318, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (F.C.)
| | - Fengfeng Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (F.C.)
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Baraks G, Tseng R, Pan CH, Kasliwal S, Leiton CV, Shroyer KR, Escobar-Hoyos LF. Dissecting the Oncogenic Roles of Keratin 17 in the Hallmarks of Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 82:1159-1166. [PMID: 34921015 PMCID: PMC9016724 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Baraks
- Undergraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Robert Tseng
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Chun-Hao Pan
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, New York
| | - Saumya Kasliwal
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Cindy V. Leiton
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Kenneth R. Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Corresponding Authors: Kenneth R. Shroyer, Pathology, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, NY 11794. Phone: 631-444-3000; E-mail: Kenneth.; and Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos, 15 York Street PO Box 208040, New Haven, CT 06513. Phone: 203-737-2003; E-mail:
| | - Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Corresponding Authors: Kenneth R. Shroyer, Pathology, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, NY 11794. Phone: 631-444-3000; E-mail: Kenneth.; and Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos, 15 York Street PO Box 208040, New Haven, CT 06513. Phone: 203-737-2003; E-mail:
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6
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Ji R, Ji Y, Ma L, Ge S, Chen J, Wu S, Huang T, Sheng Y, Wang L, Yi N, Liu Z. Keratin 17 upregulation promotes cell metastasis and angiogenesis in colon adenocarcinoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12598-12611. [PMID: 34935584 PMCID: PMC8809968 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2010393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), having high malignancy and poor prognosis, is the main pathological type of colon cancer. Previous studies show that Keratin 17 (KRT17) plays an important role in the development of many malignant tumors. However, its role and the molecular mechanism underlying COAD remain unclear. Using TCGA and ONCOMINE databases, as well as immunohistochemistry, we found that the expression of KRT17 was higher in COAD tissues as compared to that in the adjacent normal tissues. Cell- and animal-based experiments showed that overexpression of KRT17 promoted the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells while knocking down KRT17 reversed these processes both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we also showed that KRT17 promoted the formation of new blood vessels. Mechanistically, KRT17 could regulate the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, and APC may be involved in this process by interacting with KRT17. In summary, these findings suggested that high expression of KRT17 could promote cell metastasis and angiogenesis of colon cancer cells by regulating the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thus, KRT17 could be a potential therapeutic target for COAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yifei Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Sijia Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shuzhen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tianxin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yu Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liyang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Nan Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhaoxiu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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7
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Roa-Peña L, Babu S, Leiton CV, Wu M, Taboada S, Akalin A, Buscaglia J, Escobar-Hoyos LF, Shroyer KR. Keratin 17 testing in pancreatic cancer needle aspiration biopsies predicts survival. Cancer Cytopathol 2021; 129:865-873. [PMID: 34076963 PMCID: PMC9014629 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the lowest 5-year survival rates of all cancers, differences in survival exist between patients with clinically identical characteristics. The authors previously demonstrated that keratin 17 (K17) expression in PDAC, measured by RNA sequencing or immunohistochemistry (IHC), is an independent negative prognostic biomarker. Only 20% of cases are candidates for surgical resection, but most patients are diagnosed by needle aspiration biopsy (NAB). The aims of this study were to determine whether there was a correlation in K17 scores detected in matched NABs and surgical resection tissue sections and whether K17 IHC in NAB cell block specimens could be used as a negative prognostic biomarker in PDAC. METHODS K17 IHC was performed for a cohort of 70 patients who had matched NAB cell block and surgical resection samples to analyze the correlation of K17 expression levels. K17 IHC was also performed in cell blocks from discovery and validation cohorts. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models were analyzed to determine survival differences in cases with different levels of K17 IHC expression. RESULTS K17 IHC expression correlated in matched NABs and resection tissues. NAB samples were classified as high for K17 when ≥80% of tumor cells showed strong (2+) staining. High-K17 cases, including stage-matched cases, had shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS K17 has been identified as a robust and independent prognostic biomarker that stratifies clinical outcomes for cases that are diagnosed by NAB. Testing for K17 also has the potential to inform clinical decisions for optimization of chemotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Roa-Peña
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sruthi Babu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Cindy V. Leiton
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Maoxin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Sofia Taboada
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Ali Akalin
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Buscaglia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kenneth R. Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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8
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Abstract
High levels of the intermediate filament protein keratin 17 (K17) are associated with poor prognoses for several human carcinomas. Studies in mouse models have shown that K17 expression is positively associated with growth, survival, and inflammation in skin and that lack of K17 delays onset of tumorigenesis. K17 occurs in the nucleus of human and mouse tumor keratinocytes where it impacts chromatin architecture, gene expression, and cell proliferation. We report here that K17 is induced following DNA damage and promotes keratinocyte survival. The presence of nuclear K17 is required at an early stage of the double-stranded break (DSB) arm of the DNA damage and repair (DDR) cascade, consistent with its ability to associate with key DDR effectors, including γ-H2A.X, 53BP1, and DNA-PKcs. Mice lacking K17 or with attenuated K17 nuclear import showed curtailed initiation in a two-step skin carcinogenesis paradigm. The impact of nuclear-localized K17 on DDR and cell survival provides a basis for the link between K17 induction and poor clinical outcomes for several human carcinomas.
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MESH Headings
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/administration & dosage
- 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/toxicity
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Animals
- Carcinogenesis/chemically induced
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/pathology
- Carcinoma/chemically induced
- Carcinoma/genetics
- Carcinoma/pathology
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cell Survival/genetics
- DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/drug effects
- DNA Repair
- Female
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Intravital Microscopy
- Keratin-17/genetics
- Keratin-17/metabolism
- Keratinocytes
- Keratins/genetics
- Keratins/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Time-Lapse Imaging
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Raji R Nair
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Joshua Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Justin T Jacob
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Christopher M Pineda
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ryan P Hobbs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205;
| | - Pierre A Coulombe
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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9
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Li Z, Chen J, Zhao S, Li Y, Zhou J, Liang J, Tang H. Discovery and validation of novel biomarkers for detection of cervical cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:2063-2074. [PMID: 33624385 PMCID: PMC7957177 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate novel biomarker for diagnosis of cervical cancer, we analyzed the datasets in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and confirmed the candidate biomarker in patient sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected major datasets of cervical cancer in GEO, and analyzed the differential expression of normal and cancer samples online with GEO2R and tested the differences, then focus on the GSE63514 to screen the target genes in different histological grades by using the R-Bioconductor package and R-heatmap. Then human specimens from the cervix in different histological grades were used to confirm the top 8 genes expression by immunohistochemical staining using Ki67 as a standard control. RESULTS We identified genes differentially expressed in normal and cervical cancer, 274 upregulated genes and 206 downregulated genes. After intersection with GSE63514, we found the obvious tendency in different histological grades. Then we screened the top 24 genes, and confirmed the top 8 genes in human cervix tissues. Immunohistochemical (IHC) results confirmed that keratin 17 (KRT17) was not expressed in normal cervical tissues and was over-expressed in cervical cancer. Cysteine-rich secretory protein-2 (CRISP2) was less expressed in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) than in other histological grades. CONCLUSION For the good repeatability and consistency of KRT17 and CRISP2, they may be good candidate biomarkers. Combined analysis of KRT17, CRISP2 expression at both genetic and protein levels can determine different histological grades of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Such combined analysis is capable of improving diagnostic accuracy of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigang Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyWomen’s HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of PathologyWomen’s HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Shaobo Zhao
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yajun Li
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of AnesthesiologyTongde Hospital of Zhejang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Jianghong Liang
- Department of StomatologyGuangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and West MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Huifang Tang
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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10
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Quinn JJ, Jones MG, Okimoto RA, Nanjo S, Chan MM, Yosef N, Bivona TG, Weissman JS. Single-cell lineages reveal the rates, routes, and drivers of metastasis in cancer xenografts. Science 2021; 371:eabc1944. [PMID: 33479121 PMCID: PMC7983364 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc1944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Detailed phylogenies of tumor populations can recount the history and chronology of critical events during cancer progression, such as metastatic dissemination. We applied a Cas9-based, single-cell lineage tracer to study the rates, routes, and drivers of metastasis in a lung cancer xenograft mouse model. We report deeply resolved phylogenies for tens of thousands of cancer cells traced over months of growth and dissemination. This revealed stark heterogeneity in metastatic capacity, arising from preexisting and heritable differences in gene expression. We demonstrate that these identified genes can drive invasiveness and uncovered an unanticipated suppressive role for KRT17 We also show that metastases disseminated via multidirectional tissue routes and complex seeding topologies. Overall, we demonstrate the power of tracing cancer progression at subclonal resolution and vast scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Quinn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Inscripta, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Matthew G Jones
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biological and Medical Informatics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Integrative Program in Quantitative Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ross A Okimoto
- UCSF Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shigeki Nanjo
- UCSF Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michelle M Chan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Investigator, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- UCSF Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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11
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Jacob JT, Nair RR, Poll BG, Pineda CM, Hobbs RP, Matunis MJ, Coulombe PA. Keratin 17 regulates nuclear morphology and chromatin organization. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs254094. [PMID: 33008845 PMCID: PMC7648610 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin 17 (KRT17; K17), a non-lamin intermediate filament protein, was recently found to occur in the nucleus. We report here on K17-dependent differences in nuclear morphology, chromatin organization, and cell proliferation. Human tumor keratinocyte cell lines lacking K17 exhibit flatter nuclei relative to normal. Re-expression of wild-type K17, but not a mutant form lacking an intact nuclear localization signal (NLS), rescues nuclear morphology in KRT17-null cells. Analyses of primary cultures of skin keratinocytes from a mouse strain expressing K17 with a mutated NLS corroborated these findings. Proteomics screens identified K17-interacting nuclear proteins with known roles in gene expression, chromatin organization and RNA processing. Key histone modifications and LAP2β (an isoform encoded by TMPO) localization within the nucleus are altered in the absence of K17, correlating with decreased cell proliferation and suppression of GLI1 target genes. Nuclear K17 thus impacts nuclear morphology with an associated impact on chromatin organization, gene expression, and proliferation in epithelial cells.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Jacob
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Raji R Nair
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brian G Poll
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christopher M Pineda
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ryan P Hobbs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michael J Matunis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Pierre A Coulombe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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12
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Wang W, Uberoi A, Spurgeon M, Gronski E, Majerciak V, Lobanov A, Hayes M, Loke A, Zheng ZM, Lambert PF. Stress keratin 17 enhances papillomavirus infection-induced disease by downregulating T cell recruitment. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008206. [PMID: 31968015 PMCID: PMC6975545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause 5% of human cancers. Despite the availability of HPV vaccines, there remains a strong urgency to find ways to treat persistent HPV infections, as current HPV vaccines are not therapeutic for individuals already infected. We used a mouse papillomavirus infection model to characterize virus-host interactions. We found that mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1) suppresses host immune responses via overexpression of stress keratins. In mice deficient for stress keratin K17 (K17KO), we observed rapid regression of papillomas dependent on T cells. Cellular genes involved in immune response were differentially expressed in the papillomas arising on the K17KO mice correlating with increased numbers of infiltrating CD8+ T cells and upregulation of IFNγ-related genes, including CXCL9 and CXCL10, prior to complete regression. Blocking the receptor for CXCL9/CXCL10 prevented early regression. Our data provide a novel mechanism by which papillomavirus-infected cells evade host immunity and defines new therapeutic targets for treating persistent papillomavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Aayushi Uberoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Megan Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Ellery Gronski
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Vladimir Majerciak
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Alexei Lobanov
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mitchell Hayes
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Amanda Loke
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Zhao F, Xing B, Xiao J, Zhao X. [Genetic study of a Chinese pedigree affected with pachyonychia congenita]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2019; 36:985-988. [PMID: 31598941 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with pachyonychia congenita (PC). METHODS With informed consent obtained, peripheral blood samples were taken from the pedigree. Genomic DNA was extracted with a phenol/chloroform method. Based on the clinical manifestation of the patients, candidate genes for PC were selected. Potential mutation was screened by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Suspected mutation was verified in other family members by PCR-high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Haplotype analysis using microsatellite markers was also carried out to determine the founder of the mutation. RESULTS A heterozygous c.275A>G (Asn92Ser) mutation was discovered in exon 1 of the KRT17 gene in the proband. PCR-HRM analysis showed that all affected members were heterozygous carriers of the mutation. The same mutation was found in none of the unaffected members. Haplotype analysis and sequencing indicated the mother of the proband to be the founder. CONCLUSION The c.275A>G (Asn92Ser) mutation of the KRT17 gene probably underlies the disease in this pedigree. Above finding has facilitated genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for this pedigree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyue Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
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14
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Li J, Chen Q, Deng Z, Chen X, Liu H, Tao Y, Wang X, Lin S, Liu N. KRT17 confers paclitaxel-induced resistance and migration to cervical cancer cells. Life Sci 2019; 224:255-262. [PMID: 30928404 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To understand potential pro-oncological effects of lower dose paclitaxel treatment in cervical cancer cells, we investigated the potential roles of KRT17 on migration and proliferation of cervical cancer cells which might respond to cytoskeletal-based drugs treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted the clinic data of cervical cancer patients from TCGA database to investigate mRNA expression of different keratins. HPV genotypes were identified by reverse transcription PCR. krt17 mRNA and EMT markers were quantified by real-time PCR. krt17 and EMT markers protein were immunoblotted by western blot. Cell viability was detected by CCK8. Cell migration was performed by transwell migration assay. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that HPV16 infection correlated with the expression of KRT17 in cervical cancer cell lines. KRT17 knockdown would decrease Snail2 and elevate E-Cadherin to inhibit migration of Caski cells and SiHa cells. Lower dose of paclitaxel promoted SiHa proliferation, it also significantly promoted the migration of Caski cells. Otherwise, colchicine and higher dose of paclitaxel dose-dependently suppressed the proliferation and migration of Caski cells and SiHa cells. Moreover, KRT17 knockdown significantly facilitated cytoskeletal-based drugs to inhibit migration and induce cytotoxicity in cervical cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE KRT17 played pivotal oncogenic roles in cell survival, migration and paclitaxel-induced resistance of cervical cancer cells. Thus, KRT17 would serve as a promising target for compromising paclitaxel-induced resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Qiufang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Zhendong Deng
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Ying Tao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Shaoqiang Lin
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China.
| | - Naihua Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China.
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15
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Dabbagh B, Cukier O, Yeganeh M, Halal F, Dos Santos BF. Pachyonychia Congenita Associated with a Novel Variant of KRT17 Presenting Unusual Oral Manifestations. J Dent Child (Chic) 2019; 86:61-63. [PMID: 30992103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare autosomal dominant condition caused by heterozygous mutation in one of five keratin genes. The purpose of this paper is to report a five-day-old infant with PC whose initial presentation revealed multiple malformed natal teeth and gingival lesions on the alveolar crest. Further investiga- tions led to genetic molecular testing of the child and his parents, which revealed a de novo and novel missense variant of KRT17 (c. 307C>T, p. Arg103Cys), resulting in a non-conservative amino-acid substitution and a diagnosis of PC. This case high- lights the need for multidisciplinary care and the relevance of molecular investigations for patients with multiple natal teeth. (J Dent Child 2019;86(1):61-3)<br/> Received September 26, 2018; Last Revision November 19, 2018; Accepted November 19, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Dabbagh
- Assistant professor, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal and a staff pediatric dentist, Division of Dentistry, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,
| | - Olivia Cukier
- Staff dentist, Division of Dentistry, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mehdi Yeganeh
- Resident, Department of Medical Genetics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fahed Halal
- Associate professor, Department of Medical Genetics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Beatriz Ferraz Dos Santos
- Assistant professor, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University and a research director, Division of Dentistry, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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16
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Feng SJ, Chu RQ, Ma J, Wang ZX, Zhang GJ, Yang XF, Song Z, Ma YY. MicroRNA138 regulates keratin 17 protein expression to affect HaCaT cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting hTERT in psoriasis vulgaris. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 85:169-176. [PMID: 27936398 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the how microRNA-138 (miR-138) affects the expression of keratin 17 (K17) and psoriasis development. Twenty-eight skin lesions from patients with psoriasis vulgaris and twenty-four normal skin tissues from healthy controls were collected. The HaCaT cells were assigned into blank, negative control (NC), miR-138 mimic, miR-138 inhibitor, hTERT siRNA and miR-138 inhibitor+hTERT siRNA groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the miR-138 expression. The hTERT and K17 protein expression were testified by Western Blotting. MTT assay, flow cytometry with PI single staining and Annexin V/PI double staining were performed to detect the cell proliferation activity, cell cycle and apoptosis, respectively. Compared with the healthy skin, the expression of miR-138 decreased in the psoriatic skin, but hTERT and K17 protein expressions increased. The miR-138 mimic and hTERT siRNA groups showed significantly decreased hTERT and K17 protein expressions, inhibited cell proliferation, increased number of cells at G1 phase and elevated apoptosis rate in comparison to the rest three groups. The hTERT and K17 protein expressions in the miR-138 inhibitor group were up-regulated with promoted cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis rate as compared with the other four groups. In the miR-138 inhibitor+hTERT siRNA group, the hTERT and K17 protein expressions, cell proliferation and apoptosis were intermediate between the miR-138 inhibitor and hTERT siRNA groups. These findings indicated that the expression of miR-138 was lower in the psoriatic skin, which was negatively correlated to K17 expression. MiR-138 may regulate K17 protein expression to affect HaCaT cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting hTERT gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jun Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, PR China.
| | - Rui-Qi Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, PR China
| | - Zheng-Xiang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, PR China
| | - Guang-Jing Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, PR China
| | - Xiu-Fang Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, PR China
| | - Zhi Song
- Department of Dermatology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou 434020, PR China
| | - Yun-Yi Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou 434020, PR China
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17
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Khanom R, Nguyen CTK, Kayamori K, Zhao X, Morita K, Miki Y, Katsube KI, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. Keratin 17 Is Induced in Oral Cancer and Facilitates Tumor Growth. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161163. [PMID: 27512993 PMCID: PMC4981360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin subtypes are selectively expressed depending on the cell type. They not only provide structural support, but regulate the metabolic processes and signaling pathways that control the growth of the epithelium. KRT17 (keratin 17) is induced in the regenerative epithelium and acts on diverse signaling pathways. Here, we demonstrate that KRT17 is invariably and permanently induced in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as revealed by immunohistochemistry and cDNA microarray analysis. Two representative OSCC cell lines; KRT17-weakly expressing Ca9-22 and KRT17-highly expressing HSC3 were used to establish KRT17-overexpressing Ca9-22 and KRT17-knockdown HSC3 cells. Analysis of these cells revealed that KRT17 promoted cell proliferation and migration by stimulating the Akt/mTOR pathway. KRT17 also upregulated the expression of SLC2A1 (solute carrier family 2 member 1/Glut1) and glucose uptake. To further investigate the effect of KRT17 on tumorigenesis, KRT17-knockout HSC3 cells were established and were transplanted to the cephalic skin of nude mice. The tumors that developed from KRT17-knockout HSC3 cells had a lower Ki-67 labeling index and were significantly smaller compared to the controls. These results indicate that KRT17 stimulates the Akt/mTOR pathway and glucose uptake, thereby facilitating tumor growth. We could not confirm the relationship between KRT17 and SFN (stratifin) in the cells examined in this study. However, our study reinforces the concept that the cellular properties of cancer are regulated by a series of molecules similar to those found in wound healing. In OSCC, KRT17 acts as a pathogenic keratin that facilitates tumor growth through the stimulation of multiple signaling pathways, highlighting the importance of KRT17 as a multifunctional promoter of tumorigenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Keratin-17/genetics
- Keratin-17/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Mouth Neoplasms/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Khanom
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, “International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease”, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Morita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, “International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease”, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Katsube
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Human Care, Tohto College of Health Sciences, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, “International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease”, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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18
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Hobbs RP, DePianto DJ, Jacob JT, Han MC, Chung BM, Batazzi AS, Poll BG, Guo Y, Han J, Ong S, Zheng W, Taube JM, Čiháková D, Wan F, Coulombe PA. Keratin-dependent regulation of Aire and gene expression in skin tumor keratinocytes. Nat Genet 2015; 47:933-8. [PMID: 26168014 PMCID: PMC4520766 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the intermediate filament protein keratin 17 (K17) is robustly upregulated in inflammatory skin diseases and in many tumors originating in stratified and pseudostratified epithelia. We report that autoimmune regulator (Aire), a transcriptional regulator, is inducibly expressed in human and mouse tumor keratinocytes in a K17-dependent manner and is required for timely onset of Gli2-induced skin tumorigenesis in mice. The induction of Aire mRNA in keratinocytes depends on a functional interaction between K17 and the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNP K. Further, K17 colocalizes with Aire protein in the nucleus of tumor-prone keratinocytes, and each factor is bound to a specific promoter region featuring an NF-κB consensus sequence in a relevant subset of K17- and Aire-dependent proinflammatory genes. These findings provide radically new insight into keratin intermediate filament and Aire function, along with a molecular basis for the K17-dependent amplification of inflammatory and immune responses in diseased epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P. Hobbs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Daryle J. DePianto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Justin T. Jacob
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Minerva C. Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Byung-Min Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Adriana S. Batazzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Brian G. Poll
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yajuan Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jingnan Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - SuFey Ong
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Janis M. Taube
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Daniela Čiháková
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Fengyi Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21205, USA
| | - Pierre A. Coulombe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21205, USA
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Yoneda K, Nakai K, Demitsu T, Kubota Y. Polycystic kidney disease with steatocystoma multiplex: evidences for a disruptive effect of mutated polycystin-1 on keratin 17 polymerisation. Acta Derm Venereol 2015; 95:353-4. [PMID: 25111597 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Yoneda
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Kita-gun Miki-cho, 761-0793 Kagawa, Japan. ,
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Mittal D, Kassianos AJ, Tran LS, Bergot AS, Gosmann C, Hofmann J, Blumenthal A, Leggatt GR, Frazer IH. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity contributes to local immune suppression in the skin expressing human papillomavirus oncoprotein e7. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:2686-2694. [PMID: 23652797 PMCID: PMC3779505 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic infection of anogenital epithelium with human papillomavirus (HPV) promotes development of cancer. Many pathogens evoke immunosuppressive mechanisms to enable persistent infection. We have previously shown that grafted skin expressing HPV16 E7 oncoprotein from a keratin-14 promoter (K14E7) is not rejected by a syngeneic, immunocompetent host. In this study we show that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) 1, an IFN-γ-inducible immunoregulatory molecule, is more highly expressed by langerin(-ve) dermal dendritic cells (DCs) from K14E7 skin than nontransgenic control skin. Furthermore, inhibiting IDO activity using 1-methyl-dl-tryptophan (1-D/L-MT) promotes K14E7 skin graft rejection. Increased IDO1 expression and activity in K14E7 skin requires IFN-γ and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, both of which have been shown to negatively regulate T-cell effector function and suppress K14E7 graft rejection. Furthermore, DCs from K14E7 skin express higher levels of IFN-γ receptor (IFN-γR) than DCs from control skin. K14E7 transgenic skin recruits significantly higher numbers of DCs, independent of IFN-γ and IFN-γR expression. Consistent with these observations in a murine model, we found higher expression of IDO1 and IFN-γ but not IDO2 in the cervical epithelium of patients with HPV-associated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2/3. Our data support a hypothesis that induction of IDO1 in HPV-infected skin contributes to evasion of host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Mittal
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew J Kassianos
- Kidney Research Laboratory, Queensland Health/Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane,Queensland, Australia
| | - Lee S Tran
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anne-Sophie Bergot
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christine Gosmann
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Janin Hofmann
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Antje Blumenthal
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Graham R Leggatt
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian H Frazer
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Néstor Cabrera H, Hermida MD, Griffa E, Civitillo C, Porta J. Multiple cystic disease: K17 dysfunction? Skinmed 2013; 11:301-303. [PMID: 24340472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Our patient is a 29-year-old woman without any previous disease who presented with different kinds of lesions on her face, neck, and chest. She first noticed the lesions 10 years ago and, since that time, they have become more numerous. She has no affected relatives. On physical examination, she had multiple cystic lesions on her neck, chest, and vulva, which were between 0.3 cm and 1 cm and skin-colored or yellowish (Figure 1). She presented with small, white papules on her face measuring approximately 0.2 cm, localized on her forehead and cheeks. Some of these papules had a blueish appearance (Figure 2). She also presented clinically typical eruptive syringomas on her upper and lower eyelids and neck and multiple facial milia. Finally, a sacrococcygeal pilonidal cyst was diagnosed and surgically removed. Her nails and teeth were clinically normal. Biopsies of each kind of lesion were performed, with the following results: (1) neck cystic lesion: steatocystoma; (2) small, white facial papule: eccrine hidrocystoma; (3) blueish facial papule: apocrine hidrocystoma; and (4) small neck papule: syringoma (Figure 3). With these findings, our diagnosis was steatocystoma multiplex with multiple eccrine and apocrine hidrocystomas, eruptive syringomas, and sacrococcygeal pilonidal cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Néstor Cabrera
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Morais P, Peralta L, Loureiro M, Coelho S. Pachyonychia congenita type 2 (Jackson-Lawler syndrome) or PC-17: case report. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2013; 21:48-51. [PMID: 23683487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare genodermatosis caused by mutations in any of the four genes KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT16, or KRT17, which can lead to dystrophic, thickened nails and focal palmoplantar keratoderma, among other manifestations. Although classically subdivided into two major variants, PC-1 (Jadassohn-Lewandowski syndrome) and PC-2 (Jackson-Lawler syndrome), according to the localization of the mutations in the KRT6A/KRT16 or KRT6B/KRT17 genes, respectively, a classification system based on the mutant gene (PC-6a, PC-6b, PC-16 and PC-17) has been recently proposed. We report a 2-year-old female patient with a history of thickened and discolored nails, small cystic papulonodules on the central face, dry, unruly and curly hair, slight palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, and natal teeth. Both her father and paternal grandfather presented onychodystrophy, palmoplantar keratoderma, and previous excision of "sebaceous" cysts. Molecular genetic analysis of the patient revealed a missense mutation (c.1163T>C) in heterozygosity in exon 6 of the KRT17 gene, confirming the diagnosis of PC-2 (Jackson-Lawler type), or PC-17. We conclude that PC is a relatively easy and consistent clinical diagnosis, but a high index of suspicion is required if the diagnosis is to be made correctly. With this case, the authors intend to draw attention to this condition and the role of the dermatologist in the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Morais
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Avenida Artur Ravara, 3814-501 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Natsuga K, Shinkuma S, Kanda M, Suzuki Y, Chosa N, Narita Y, Setoyama M, Nishie W, Akiyama M, Shimizu H. Possible modifier effects of keratin 17 gene mutation on keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome. Br J Dermatol 2011; 166:903-5. [PMID: 21999526 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10696.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zhang SD, Lin ZX, Zhang ZH, Liu JJ, Tian W, Zhao JJ. [Keratin 17 mutation in pachyonychia congenita type 2 in a Chinese Han family]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2011; 28:6-9. [PMID: 21287500 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the keratin 17 gene (KRT17) mutation in a pedigree with pachyonychia congenita type 2 (PC-II). METHODS DNA was extracted from the blood samples of the patients, unaffected members of the pedigree, and 100 unrelated healthy controls. PCR was performed to amplify the hot spots in KRT17 gene. PCR products were directly sequenced to detect mutation. RESULTS A heterozygous 296T-->C mutation was found in all the affected members of this family, which resulted in the substitution of leucine by proline in codon 99 (L99P) in the 1A domain of the KRT17, but not in the healthy individuals from the family and the 100 unrelated controls. CONCLUSION The mutation of KRT17 may play a major role in the pathogenesis of this pedigree with pachyonychia congenita type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-de Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001 PR China
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Chivu Economescu M, Necula LG, Dragu D, Badea L, Dima SO, Tudor S, Nastase A, Popescu I, Diaconu CC. Identification of potential biomarkers for early and advanced gastric adenocarcinoma detection. Hepatogastroenterology 2010; 57:1453-1464. [PMID: 21443102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study aimed to understand gradual biological variations during gastric tumorigenesis, and to identify the candidate genes that are involved in tumor progression and metastasis. METHODOLOGY cDNA microarray data were obtained from 10 pair of cancerous and normal adjacent tissue from gastric adenocarcinoma patients. The samples were divided in primary and advanced gastric adenocarcinoma with lymph node metastasis. Validation of the microarray data was accomplished by quantitative RT-PCR on additional 41 samples. The significantly modified genes were grouped in clusters according to their functional annotation, and comparison was done regarding molecular mechanisms involved tumor progression. RESULTS A total of 136 genes were up-regulated and 96 genes were down-regulated by at least fourfold in tumor tissue. The analysis of gene clusters revealed a complex remodelling of normal gastric epithelium morphology and function associated with the tumorigenesis and metastasis. A large number of proteases are being overexpressed, together with keratins, genes associated with morphogenesis and anti-apoptosis. Between the most significant down-regulated genes, there were genes involved in gastric motility and synthesis and genes related to metabolic and pro-apoptotic processes. We also report, the identification of seven genes, significant up-regulated, that seem to be associated with tumor progression: KRT17, COL10A2, KIAA1199, SPP1, IL11, S100A2, and MMP3. CONCLUSIONS Our cDNA microarray study identified several genes that appeared to meet the criteria of a good biomarker, and may therefore be especially useful for the development of diagnostic tools, for the early detection, or for the prediction of tumor progression.
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Kohli N. Pachyonychia congenita: a case report. Cutis 2009; 84:269-271. [PMID: 20099620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A 21-year-old man presented with hypertrophic nail dystrophy and subungual debris of all 20 nails, hyperkeratotic plaques on the heels of both feet, and oral leukokeratosis. He had an extensive family history of similar clinical findings. The patient's clinical presentation and history were consistent with pachyonychia congenita (PC), an autosomal dominant genodermatosis caused by mutations in the genes for keratin 6, K6a and K6b; keratin 16, K16; and keratin 17, K17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nita Kohli
- Kinser Medical Branch Clinic, Okinawa, Japan,
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Gorski JJ, James CR, Quinn JE, Stewart GE, Staunton KC, Buckley NE, McDyer FA, Kennedy RD, Wilson RH, Mullan PB, Harkin DP. BRCA1 transcriptionally regulates genes associated with the basal-like phenotype in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009; 122:721-31. [PMID: 19882246 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-009-0565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Expression profiling of BRCA1-deficient tumours has identified a pattern of gene expression similar to basal-like breast tumours. In this study, we examine whether a BRCA1-dependent transcriptional mechanism may underpin the link between BRCA1 and basal-like phenotype. In methods section, the mRNA and protein were harvested from a number of BRCA1 mutant and wild-type breast cancer cell lines and from matched isogenic controls. Microarray-based expression profiling was used to identify potential BRCA1-regulated transcripts. These gene targets were then validated (by in silico analysis of tumour samples) by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to confirm recruitment of BRCA1 to specific promoters. In results, we demonstrate that functional BRCA1 represses the expression of cytokeratins 5(KRT5) and 17(KRT17) and p-Cadherin (CDH3) in HCC1937 and T47D breast cancer cell lines at both mRNA and protein level. ChIP assays demonstrate that BRCA1 is recruited to the promoters of KRT5, KRT17 and CDH3, and re-ChIP assays confirm that BRCA1 is recruited independently to form c-Myc and Sp1 complexes on the CDH3 promoter. We show that siRNA-mediated inhibition of endogenous c-Myc (and not Sp1) results in a marked increase in CDH3 expression analogous to that observed following the inhibition of endogenous BRCA1. The data provided suggest a model whereby BRCA1 and c-Myc form a repressor complex on the promoters of specific basal genes and represent a potential mechanism to explain the observed overexpression of key basal markers in BRCA1-deficient tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Gorski
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, N. Ireland, UK.
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Sohn KC, Shi G, Jang S, Choi DK, Lee Y, Yoon TJ, Park H, Hwang C, Kim HJ, Seo YJ, Lee JH, Park JK, Kim CD. Pitx2, a beta-catenin-regulated transcription factor, regulates the differentiation of outer root sheath cells cultured in vitro. J Dermatol Sci 2009; 54:6-11. [PMID: 19251162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2008.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 10/30/2008] [Accepted: 11/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-catenin exerts its crucial role in hair follicle development and hair growth cycle. Although the importance of Wnt/beta-catenin is well recognized, the downstream effectors of beta-catenin have not been clearly elucidated yet. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to identify the beta-catenin-regulated genes in cultured human hair outer root sheath (ORS) cells. METHODS We transduced ORS cells with adenovirus harboring the expression cassette for constitutive active form of beta-catenin, then performed cDNA microarray. RESULTS Overexpression of beta-catenin led to the upregulation of hair cell differentiation markers such as keratin 16 and 17. In addition, the expression of Pitx2, a bicoid-type homeodomain transcription factor, was also increased by overexpression of beta-catenin in ORS cells cultured in vitro. To investigate the potential role of Pitx2, we made the recombinant adenovirus expressing Pitx2, then transduced into the cultured ORS cells. Interestingly, Pitx2 induced the expression of keratin 16 and 17, indicating that Pitx2 activates ORS cells towards the follicular differentiation pathway preferentially. CONCLUSION Our results implicate the potential importance of Pitx2 as a beta-catenin downstream modulator in hair growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Dermatology and Research Institute for Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 55 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 301-747, Republic of Korea
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Xu Y, Zhang S, Zhong Z, Xie H, Su Z, Wei Y. [An experimental study on the role of keratin in angiogenesis in vitro]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2008; 22:1246-1250. [PMID: 18979888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of keratin 17 (K-17) on the migration, proliferation and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and to realize the role of K-17 in angiogenesis. METHODS After HUVEC were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10%FBS overnight, K-17-siRNA-mixture (experimental group) and control-siRNA-mixture (negative control group) were added into HUVEC, respectively, by Lipofectamine 2000 transfection assay, and the final concentration of the siRNA was 50 nmol/L. Lipofectamine 2000 alone was used as the control. After the cells were cultured for 36 hours, the cell proliferation ability was detected by cell counting. After 30-hour culture, the cell's abilities of migration and differentiation to tube were detected by 24-well Millicell units and the collagen gel assay, respectively. In addition, non-siRNA-treated HUVEC were cultured for 24 hours in DMEM medium supplemented with 10%FBS (group A), 2%FBS (group B) and 2%FBS+10 ng/mL bFGF (group C), respectively, and then the expression of K-17 in HUVEC was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS After the treatment with K-17-siRNA for 36 hours, HUVEC exhibited no significant difference in the proliferation, compared with both control and negative control groups (P > 0.05). After transfected with K-17-siRNA for 30 hours, the number of HUVEC in the experimental group which migrated from the upper chamber to the lower chamber of Millicell wells within 24 hours (3719.0 +/- 319.0) was smaller than both control (7 437.5 +/- 212.0) and negative control (7 356.3 +/- 795.7) groups, with significant difference (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between the control group and the negative control group (P > 0.05). After HUVEC were transfected with K-17-siRNA for 30 hours, the number of tubes in the experimental group, the negative control group and the control group in 24 hours was (1.1 +/- 0.5), (3.6 +/- 0.5) and (3.2 +/- 0.6) per field, respectively. The experimental group was significantly different from both control and negative control groups (P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference between the negative control group and the control group (P > 0.05). The expression of K-17 protein in HUVEC in groups A, B and C was 0.25 +/- 0.02, 0.08 +/- 0.01 and 0.72 +/- 0.03, respectively. There was significant difference among these three groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION K-17 has no impact on cell proliferation, but may augment endothelial cell migration, which may facilitate angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- School of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan 610041, PR China
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Laquer VT, Wu JJ, Tournas JA, Murase JE, Dyson SW. Pruritic bluish-black subcutaneous papules on the chest. Dermatol Online J 2008; 14:14. [PMID: 18627715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Steatocystoma multiplex (SM) is characterized by multiple dermal cysts involving the pilosebaceous glands. Although most presenting cases are sporadic, there is a rare familial syndrome involving a mutation in keratin 17 (K17) that is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. SM often presents concomitantly with eruptive vellus hair cysts (EHVS) and pachyonychia congenital type 2 (PC-2). We report a sporadic case of SM in a 21-year-old man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian T Laquer
- College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Toyoshima T, Vairaktaris E, Nkenke E, Schlegel KA, Neukam FW, Ries J. Cytokeratin 17 mRNA expression has potential for diagnostic marker of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2007; 134:515-21. [PMID: 17786476 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-007-0308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2007] [Accepted: 08/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Determination of marker for identification of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is important for early diagnosis and individual therapy. Cytokeratins (CKs) like CK 19 and CK 20 are known to be useful diagnostic and prognostic markers for solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relevance of further CKs for diagnosis of OSCC. MATERIALS In 10 OSCC and 5 normal mucosal samples, the expression patterns of 31 CK genes were examined by cDNA microarray in order to identify CKs with most pronounced over-expression. The results were verified for CK 17, CK 19, and CK 20 in addition to 46 OSCC samples by relative quantification (RQ) using SYBR green real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT qPCR). A correlation of the CK expressions with the tumor classification was carried out. RESULTS cDNA microarray analyses showed that out of all CKs, CK 17 was up-regulated strongest in OSCC compared to normal samples, and over-expression was most significantly associated with diagnosis (P = 0.002). Expression rates of CK 19 and CK 20 were not significantly different between OSCC samples and normal samples. In 56 samples analyzed by real-time RT qPCR, CK 17 was over-expressed in 53 (94.6%), CK 19 in 18 (32.1%), and CK 20 in 7 (12.5%). The over-expression of CK 17 was significantly associated with metastases of neck lymph nodes (P < 0.05). CK 19 was significantly over-expressed in T3 and T4 OSCC, in stage III and IV patients (P < 0.05), and in poorly differentiated OSCC (P < 0.03). The over-expression of CK 20 was significantly associated with metastases of neck lymph nodes (P < 0.03). Determined by RQ, the mean value of CK 17 over-expression was significantly higher than that of the other CKs (P < 0.01), and was significantly associated with T1 and T2 OSCC (P < 0.03) and with stage I and II patients (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION CK 19 might be linked to the clinical progression and differentiation of OSCC, and CK 20 could be associated with metastases of neck lymph nodes in OSCC. Due to the significant up-regulation and the strong over-expression, CK 17 might be the most suitable marker for diagnosis of OSCC out of the CK-family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Toyoshima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Liao H, Sayers JM, Wilson NJ, Irvine AD, Mellerio JE, Baselga E, Bayliss SJ, Uliana V, Fimiani M, Lane EB, McLean WHI, Leachman SA, Smith FJD. A spectrum of mutations in keratins K6a, K16 and K17 causing pachyonychia congenita. J Dermatol Sci 2007; 48:199-205. [PMID: 17719747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2007.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Revised: 07/04/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare autosomal dominant keratin disorder, subdivided into two major variants, PC-1 and PC-2. Predominant characteristics include hypertrophic nail dystrophy, focal palmoplantar keratoderma and oral leukokeratosis. Multiple steatocystomas that develop during puberty are a useful feature distinguishing PC-2 from PC-1. At the molecular level it has been shown that mutations in keratin K6a or K16 cause PC-1 whereas those in K6b or K17 lead to PC-2. OBJECTIVE To identify mutations in 22 families presenting with clinical symptoms of either PC-1/focal non-epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma (FNEPPK) or PC-2. METHODS Mutation analysis was performed on genomic DNA from PC patients by direct sequencing. RESULTS Here, we report four new missense and five known mutations in K6a; one new deletion and three previously identified missense mutations in K16; plus one known mutation in K17. CONCLUSION With one exception, all these heterozygous mutations are within the highly conserved helix boundary motif regions at either end of the keratin rod domain. In one sporadic case, a unique mutation in K16 resulting in deletion of 24bp was found within the central rod domain, in a child with a phenotype predominantly consisting of focal plantar keratoderma. The identification of mutations in cases of PC is prerequisite for future development of gene-specific and/or mutation-specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Liao
- Epithelial Genetics Group, Human Genetics Unit, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Karen JK, Schaffer JV. Pachyonychia congenita associated with median rhomboid glossitis. Dermatol Online J 2007; 13:21. [PMID: 17511954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A 3-year-old girl presented with subungual hyperkeratosis and nail plates with increased transverse curvature, distal elevation, yellow-brown discoloration, and mild thickening. The changes, which affected all 20 nails, had developed during the first year of life. Mucocutaneous examination showed the presence of median rhomboid glossitis. The patient's mother had similar nail changes, which had been present since infancy as well as a focal plantar keratoderma and hyperhidrosis. The patient's clinical presentation and history were compatible with a diagnosis of pachyonychia congenita, a rare heritable disease that affects the nails, skin, oral and laryngeal mucosae, teeth, and hair. Dominant-negative mutations in four keratin genes (K6a, K6b, K16, and K17) lead to keratinocyte fragility and the resultant pachyonychia congenita phenotype. Successful targeted therapies are currently lacking for this oftentimes disabling disorder. Although oral manifestations are a common feature of PC, to our knowledge, this represents the first report of median rhomboid glossitis in association with PC.
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Abstract
A variety of techniques have been employed for the detection of tumor cells in the lymph nodes of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Molecular analysis has been applied to detect metastases and several reports have presented examinations of tumor markers, but no target gene that is completely reliable as a molecular biological tumor marker has been found. This study investigated whether a marker exists that is effective to detect OSCC. A total of 134 samples (biopsy and surgical specimens) from 102 OSCC patients were analyzed. Expression patterns of Cytokeratin (CK) 10, 17, 19 and SCCA mRNA in the normal oral mucosa and OSCC samples were examined using RT-PCR. Statistical analyses showed that significant differences existed in expressions of CK 10, 17, 19 and SCCA between OSCC and the normal mucosa (p<0.05). No correlation was observed between the degrees of histological differentiation of the tumor and CK 17 expression. The CK 17 expression also showed no significant differences depending on sites of primary tumors. Among the CK 10, 17, 19 and SCCA investigated, only CK 17 showed high sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV). CK 17 might be a good biomarker because of the performance of RT-PCR in detecting mRNA of CK 17 with such high sensitivity and NPV. Further studies using a larger number of OSCC patients and other CKs should be undertaken to establish CK 17 as a useful biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Yoshida
- Oral Restitution, Department of Oral Restitution, Division of Oral Health and Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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