1
|
Shehata L, Thouvenel CD, Hondowicz BD, Pew LA, Pritchard GH, Rawlings DJ, Choi J, Pepper M. Interleukin-4 downregulates transcription factor BCL6 to promote memory B cell selection in germinal centers. Immunity 2024; 57:843-858.e5. [PMID: 38513666 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Germinal center (GC)-derived memory B cells (MBCs) are critical for humoral immunity as they differentiate into protective antibody-secreting cells during re-infection. GC formation and cellular interactions within the GC have been studied in detail, yet the exact signals that allow for the selection and exit of MBCs are not understood. Here, we showed that IL-4 cytokine signaling in GC B cells directly downregulated the transcription factor BCL6 via negative autoregulation to release cells from the GC program and to promote MBC formation. This selection event required additional survival cues and could therefore result in either GC exit or death. We demonstrate that both increasing IL-4 bioavailability or limiting IL-4 signaling disrupted MBC selection stringency. In this way, IL-4 control of BCL6 expression serves as a tunable switch within the GC to tightly regulate MBC selection and affinity maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laila Shehata
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Christopher D Thouvenel
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Brian D Hondowicz
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Lucia A Pew
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - David J Rawlings
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Jinyong Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Marion Pepper
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Stelloo E, Barrans S, Cucco F, Jiang D, Tzioni MM, Chen Z, Li Y, Swennenhuis JF, Makker J, Rásó-Barnett L, Liu H, El-Daly H, Soilleux E, Shah N, Nagumantry SK, Kyaw M, Prahladan MP, Tooze R, Westhead DR, Feitsma H, Davies AJ, Burton C, Johnson PWM, Du MQ. Non-IG::MYC in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma confers variable genomic configurations and MYC transactivation potential. Leukemia 2024; 38:621-629. [PMID: 38184753 PMCID: PMC10912016 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02134-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
MYC translocation occurs in 8-14% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and may concur with BCL2 and/or BCL6 translocation, known as double-hit (DH) or triple-hit (TH). DLBCL-MYC/BCL2-DH/TH are largely germinal centre B-cell like subtype, but show variable clinical outcome, with IG::MYC fusion significantly associated with inferior survival. While DLBCL-MYC/BCL6-DH are variable in their cell-of-origin subtypes and clinical outcome. Intriguingly, only 40-50% of DLBCL with MYC translocation show high MYC protein expression (>70%). We studied 186 DLBCLs with MYC translocation including 32 MYC/BCL2/BCL6-TH, 75 MYC/BCL2-DH and 26 MYC/BCL6-DH. FISH revealed a MYC/BCL6 fusion in 59% of DLBCL-MYC/BCL2/BCL6-TH and 27% of DLBCL-MYC/BCL6-DH. Targeted NGS showed a similar mutation profile and LymphGen genetic subtype between DLBCL-MYC/BCL2/BCL6-TH and DLBCL-MYC/BCL2-DH, but variable LymphGen subtypes among DLBCL-MYC/BCL6-DH. MYC protein expression is uniformly high in DLBCL with IG::MYC, but variable in those with non-IG::MYC including MYC/BCL6-fusion. Translocation breakpoint analyses of 8 cases by TLC-based NGS showed no obvious genomic configuration that enables MYC transactivation in 3 of the 4 cases with non-IG::MYC, while a typical promoter substitution or IGH super enhancer juxtaposition in the remaining cases. The findings potentially explain variable MYC expression in DLBCL with MYC translocation, and also bear practical implications in its routine assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Zhang
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | | | - Sharon Barrans
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Francesco Cucco
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dan Jiang
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- East Genomic Laboratory Hub, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria-Myrsini Tzioni
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zi Chen
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | | | - Jasmine Makker
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lívia Rásó-Barnett
- The Haematopathology and Oncology Diagnostic Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hongxiang Liu
- East Genomic Laboratory Hub, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hesham El-Daly
- Cellular Pathology Department, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Elizabeth Soilleux
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nimish Shah
- Department of Haematology, Norfolk and Norwich University Foundation Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Maw Kyaw
- Department of Haematology, James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Great Yarmouth, UK
| | | | - Reuben Tooze
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David R Westhead
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Andrew J Davies
- Southampton NIHR/Cancer Research UK Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Catherine Burton
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Peter W M Johnson
- Southampton NIHR/Cancer Research UK Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ming-Qing Du
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gopalakrishnan V, Roy U, Srivastava S, Kariya KM, Sharma S, Javedakar SM, Choudhary B, Raghavan SC. Delineating the mechanism of fragility at BCL6 breakpoint region associated with translocations in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:21. [PMID: 38196006 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BCL6 translocation is one of the most common chromosomal translocations in cancer and results in its enhanced expression in germinal center B cells. It involves the fusion of BCL6 with any of its twenty-six Ig and non-Ig translocation partners associated with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Despite being discovered long back, the mechanism of BCL6 fragility is largely unknown. Analysis of the translocation breakpoints in 5' UTR of BCL6 reveals the clustering of most of the breakpoints around a region termed Cluster II. In silico analysis of the breakpoint cluster sequence identified sequence motifs that could potentially fold into non-B DNA. Results revealed that the Cluster II sequence folded into overlapping hairpin structures and identified sequences that undergo base pairing at the stem region. Further, the formation of cruciform DNA blocked DNA replication. The sodium bisulfite modification assay revealed the single-strandedness of the region corresponding to hairpin DNA in both strands of the genome. Further, we report the formation of intramolecular parallel G4 and triplex DNA, at Cluster II. Taken together, our studies reveal that multiple non-canonical DNA structures exist at the BCL6 cluster II breakpoint region and contribute to the fragility leading to BCL6 translocation in DLBCL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronics City, Bangalore, 560 100, India
- Department of Zoology, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Irinjalakuda, Kerala, 680121, India
| | - Urbi Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Shikha Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Khyati M Kariya
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Shivangi Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Saniya M Javedakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Bibha Choudhary
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Electronics City, Bangalore, 560 100, India.
| | - Sathees C Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Blomme S, De Paepe P, Devos H, Emmerechts J, Snauwaert S, Cauwelier B. Alternative genetic alterations of MYC, BCL2, and/or BCL6 in high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL): Can we identify different prognostic subgroups? Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2024; 63:e23211. [PMID: 37897298 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL)/diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with rearrangements (R) in MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 are correlated with poor prognosis. Little is known about the impact of other genetic alterations (gain (G) or amplification (A)) of these genes. The aim of the study was to investigate whether we can identify new prognostic subgroups. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results from 169 HGBL/DLBCL were retrospectively categorized into: (1) concurrent MYC-R and BCL2-R and/or BCL6-R-samples with MYC-R and BCL2-R (+/- BCL6-R); n = 21, and HGBL/DLBCL with MYC-R and BCL6-R; n = 11; (2) concurrent R and G/A in MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 called "alternative HGBL/DLBCL"-samples with (n = 16) or without (n = 6) BCL2 involvement; (3) BCL2 and/or BCL6 alterations without MYC involvement (n = 35); (4) concurrent G/A in MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 without R (n = 25); and (5) "No alterations" (n = 55). Patients with HGBL/DLBCL-MYC/BCL2 and "alternative" HGBL/DLBCL (with BCL2 involvement) had significantly worse survival rates compared to the "no alterations" group. G/A of these genes in the absence of rearrangements did not show any prognostic significance. HGBL/DLBCL with MYC-R and BCL6-R without BCL2 involvement showed a better survival rate compared to HGBL/DLBCL-MYC/BCL2. According to immunohistochemistry, "double/triple" expression (DEL/TEL) did not show a significantly worse outcome compared to absent DEL/TEL. This study highlights the continued value of FISH assessment of MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 in the initial evaluation of HGBL/DLBCL with different survival rates between several genetic subgroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siska Blomme
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Hospitals Brugge-Oostende, Brugge, Belgium
| | - Pascale De Paepe
- Department of Pathology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospitals Brugge-Oostende, Brugge, Belgium
| | - Helena Devos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Hospitals Brugge-Oostende, Brugge, Belgium
| | - Jan Emmerechts
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Hospitals Brugge-Oostende, Brugge, Belgium
| | - Sylvia Snauwaert
- Department of Clinical Hematology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospitals Brugge-Oostende, Brugge, Belgium
| | - Barbara Cauwelier
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Sint-Jan Hospitals Brugge-Oostende, Brugge, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu M, Xie J, Xing Y, Zhang L, Chen H, Tang B, Zhou M, Lv S, Huang D, Jian S, Zhou C, Liu M, Guo W, Chen Y, Yi Z. Selectively targeting BCL6 using a small molecule inhibitor is a potential therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:486-501. [PMID: 38169532 PMCID: PMC10758095 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the tumors with the highest fatality rate among gynecological tumors. The current 5-year survival rate of ovarian cancer is <35%. Therefore, more novel alternative strategies and drugs are needed to treat ovarian cancer. The transcription factor B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is critically associated with poor prognosis and cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer treatment. Therefore, BCL6 may be an attractive therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. However, the role of targeting BCL6 in ovarian cancer remains elusive. Here, we developed a novel BCL6 small molecule inhibitor, WK369, which exhibits excellent anti-ovarian cancer bioactivity, induces cell cycle arrest and causes apoptosis. WK369 effectively inhibits the growth and metastasis of ovarian cancer without obvious toxicity in vitro and in vivo. meanwhile, WK369 can prolong the survival of ovarian cancer-bearing mice. It is worth noting that WK369 also has significant anti-tumor effects on cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. Mechanistic studies have shown that WK369 can directly bind to the BCL6-BTB domain and block the interaction between BCL6 and SMRT, leading to the reactivation of p53, ATR and CDKN1A. BCL6-AKT, BCL6-MEK/ERK crosstalk is suppressed. As a first attempt, our study demonstrates that targeting BCL6 may be an effective approach to treat ovarian cancer and that WK369 has the potential to be used as a candidate therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiuqing Xie
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yajing Xing
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huang Chen
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Miaoran Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shiyi Lv
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Dongxia Huang
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shuyi Jian
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Cili Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Weikai Guo
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
- The Jointed National Laboratory of Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- East China Normal University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zak T, Santana-Santos L, Gao J, Behdad A, Aqil B, Wolniak K, Lu X, Ji P, Chen Q, Chen YH, Karmali R, Sukhanova M. Prognostic significance of copy number gains of MYC detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2024; 65:26-36. [PMID: 37794791 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2264429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The MYC protooncogene plays a critical role in many cellular processes. MYC translocations are recurrent in large B-cell lymphomas (LBCLs) where they exhibit a negative effect on survival. Gain of MYC copies is also frequently identified; however, there is no consensus on the frequency and prognostic significance of MYC copy gains. We collected FISH data for MYC with reflex testing for BCL2 and BCL6 and IHC results at diagnosis for a cohort of 396 de novo and transformed LBCL cases and compared progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) to determine the prognostic impact of extra MYC copies. The prevalence of cases with MYC copy number gain was 20.9%. PFS was shorter for patients with ≥5 MYC copies compared to controls (p = 0.0005, HR = 2.25). .MYC gain trended towards worse OS; patients with ≥7MYC copies had worse OS (p = 0.013), similar to patients with MYC translocations. We propose that MYC gain represents a dose-dependent prognostic factor for LBCLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Zak
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lucas Santana-Santos
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Juehua Gao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amir Behdad
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Barina Aqil
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kristy Wolniak
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xinyan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Reem Karmali
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Madina Sukhanova
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arun Kumar S, Mishra R, Malempati SC, Bindal P. Primary cardiac large B cell lymphoma. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e256167. [PMID: 38151268 PMCID: PMC10753754 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-256167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A female patient in her mid-60s presented with progressive shortness of breath, pleuritic chest pain and bilateral leg swelling for 1 week. Initial diagnostic workup revealed pericardial effusion, and a localised pericardial tubular mass on CT chest. Pericardial fluid analysis showed elevated white cells, with predominance of medium-large sized atypical lymphoid cells. Atypical lymphocytes stained positive for CD79a, CD10, PAX-5, BCL-2 and BCL6. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation testing demonstrated MYC and BCL6 rearrangements without BCL2 gene rearrangement. The overall morphological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic findings supported a diagnosis of high-grade B cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL6 rearrangements. After extensive staging workup, localised disease involving the pericardium with a diagnosis of primary cardiac large B cell lymphoma was established. She was treated with dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and rituximab chemotherapy. Rituximab was discontinued owing to largely absent CD20 expression. Interim positron emission tomography-CT after three cycles revealed a complete response, and the patient completed six cycles of therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumukh Arun Kumar
- Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rahul Mishra
- Internal Medicine, Anne Arundel Medical Center, Annapolis, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Poorva Bindal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin Y, Zhang L, Gao M, Tang Z, Cheng X, Li H, Qin J, Tian M, Jin G, Zhang X, Li W. miR-6076 targets BCL6 in SH-SY5Y cells to regulate amyloid-β-induced neuronal damage. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:4145-4154. [PMID: 37849385 PMCID: PMC10746944 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42 ) is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study is to elucidate whether and how miR-6076 participates in the modulation of amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced neuronal damage. To construct the neuronal damage model, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with Aβ1-42 . By qRT-PCR, we found that miR-6076 is significantly upregulated in Aβ1-42 -treated SH-SY5Y cells. After miR-6076 inhibition, p-Tau and apoptosis levels were downregulated, and cell viability was increased. Through online bioinformatics analysis, we found that B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) was a directly target of miR-6076 via dual-luciferase reporter assay. BCL6 overexpression mediated the decrease in elevated p-Tau levels and increased viability in SH-SY5Y cells following Aβ1-42 treatment. Our results suggest that down-regulation of miR-6076 could attenuate Aβ1-42 -induced neuronal damage by targeting BCL6, which provided a possible target to pursue for prevention and treatment of Aβ-induced neuronal damage in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Lin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Mengyue Gao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Zixin Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Haoming Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Jianbing Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Meiling Tian
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Guohua Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of NeurobiologyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsuPR China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of EducationNantongJiangsuPR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qiu L, Lin P, Khanlari M, Xu J, Cohen EN, Garces S, Miranda RN, Wang W, Fang H, Bueso-Ramos CE, Medeiros LJ, Li S. The Clinicopathologic Features and Molecular Signatures of Blastoid High-Grade B Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100349. [PMID: 37820764 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
A small subset of high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) with blastoid morphology remains poorly understood. We assessed 55 cases of blastoid HGBL, not otherwise specified (NOS) and compared their clinicopathologic characteristics with those of 81 non-blastoid HGBL-NOS and 62 blastoid HGBL with MYC and BCL2, with or without BCL6 rearrangements (double/triple-hit lymphoma [D/THL]). Patients with blastoid HGBL-NOS showed similar clinicopathologic features to patients with blastoid D/THLs and non-blastoid HGBL-NOS, except more frequently with a history of low-grade B-cell lymphoma, bone marrow involvement, and BCL2 rearrangement (P < .05) compared to the latter. MYC rearrangement (MYC-R), detected in 40% of blastoid HGBL-NOS, was associated with aggressive clinicopathologic features and poorer overall survival, even worse than that of blastoid D/THL (P < .05). Transcriptome profiling revealed a distinct gene expression pattern with differentially expressed genes enriched in MYC and P53-targeted genes in MYC-R blastoid HGBL-NOS. Fifty-two percent of blastoid HGBL-NOS had a double hit-like signature, similar to non-blastoid HGBL-NOS (P = .73). The overall survival of the blastoid HGBL-NOS group was similar to that of the blastoid D/THL group but appeared poorer than that of its non-blastoid counterparts (P = .07). Taken together, blastoid HGBL-NOS is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that shares overlapping clinicopathologic and genetic features with non-blastoid HGBL-NOS. MYC-R in patients with blastoid HGBL-NOS identifies a highly aggressive subgroup with distinct aggressive clinicopathologic features, unique molecular signatures, and a dismal clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianqun Qiu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Pei Lin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mahsa Khanlari
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Evan N Cohen
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sofia Garces
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roberto N Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hong Fang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carlos E Bueso-Ramos
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zeng X, Zhao F, Jia J, Ma X, Jiang Q, Zhang R, Li C, Wang T, Liu W, Hao Y, Tao K, Lou Z, Zhang P. Targeting BCL6 in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Promotes p53-Mediated Apoptosis to Enhance the Antitumor Activity of Imatinib. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3624-3635. [PMID: 37556508 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Imatinib mesylate (IM) has revolutionized the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). However, most patients inevitably acquire IM resistance. Second- and third-line treatments exhibit modest clinical benefits with a median time to disease progression of 4 to 6 months, highlighting the urgency for novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we report that the expression of BCL6, a known oncogenic driver and transcriptional repressor, was significantly induced in GIST cells following IM treatment. Elevated BCL6 levels suppressed apoptosis and contributed to IM resistance. Mechanistically, BCL6 recruited SIRT1 to the TP53 promoter to modulate histone acetylation and transcriptionally repress TP53 expression. The reduction in p53 subsequently attenuated cell apoptosis and promoted tolerance of GIST cells to IM. Concordantly, treatment of GIST cells showing high BCL6 expression with a BCL6 inhibitor, BI-3802, conferred IM sensitivity. Furthermore, BI-3802 showed striking synergy with IM in IM-responsive and IM-resistant GIST cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, these findings reveal a role for BCL6 in IM resistance and suggest that a combination of BCL6 inhibitors and IM could be a potentially effective treatment for GIST. SIGNIFICANCE BCL6 drives resistance to imatinib by inhibiting p53-mediated apoptosis and can be targeted in combination with imatinib to synergistically suppress tumor growth, providing a therapeutic strategy for treating gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianxiong Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengguo Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yalan Hao
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guo J, Wang Y, Tang L, Tang T, Li Z, Li M, Wang L, Zeng A, Ma Y, Huang S, Jiang X, Guo W. The regulation of Tfh cell differentiation by β-hydroxybutyrylation modification of transcription factor Bcl6. Chromosoma 2023; 132:257-268. [PMID: 37227491 PMCID: PMC10209948 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-023-00799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional repressor B cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6) is a major transcription factor involved in Tfh cell differentiation and germinal center response, which is regulated by a variety of biological processes. However, the functional impact of post-translational modifications, particularly lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb), on Bcl6 remains elusive. In this study, we revealed that Bcl6 is modified by Kbhb to affect Tfh cell differentiation, resulting in the decrease of cell population and cytokine IL-21. Furthermore, the modification sites are identified from enzymatic reactions to be lysine residues at positions 376, 377, and 379 by mass spectrometry, which is confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis and functional analyses. Collectively, our present study provides evidence on the Kbhb modification of Bcl6 and also generates new insights into the regulation of Tfh cell differentiation, which is a starting point for a thorough understanding of the functional involvement of Kbhb modification in the differentiations of Tfh and other T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingtian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuolan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Aizhong Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Takamura S, Nomura A, Kubo M. BCL6 fine-tunes long-term tumor control. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadj6724. [PMID: 37862430 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj6724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Sun et al. provide comprehensive evidence that the transcription factor BCL6 functions as a gatekeeper for CD8+ progenitor cell function in tumors and prevents their excessive terminal differentiation, thereby preserving this stem-like population for long-term tumor control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiki Takamura
- Laboratory for Immunological Memory, IMS RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Aneela Nomura
- Laboratory for Immunological Memory, IMS RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, IMS RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun Q, Cai D, Liu D, Zhao X, Li R, Xu W, Xie B, Gou M, Wei K, Li Y, Huang J, Chi X, Wei P, Hao J, Guo X, Pan B, Fu Y, Ni L, Dong C. BCL6 promotes a stem-like CD8 + T cell program in cancer via antagonizing BLIMP1. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadh1306. [PMID: 37862431 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adh1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Overcoming CD8+ T cell exhaustion is critical in cancer immunotherapy. Recently, an intratumor stem/progenitor-like CD8+ T cell (Tprog cell) population that mediates the persistence of antitumor responses has been defined, which can further develop into a terminally differentiated CD8+ T cell (Tterm cell) subpopulation with potent cytotoxic functions. Tprog cells are the main responders to immune checkpoint blockade therapies, yet how extrinsic signals via transcription factors control Tprog cell generation and persistence in tumors is unclear. Here, we found that BCL6 inhibits tumor-specific Tterm cell generation from Tprog cell downstream of TCF1. We show that Bcl6 deficiency reduced the persistence of Tprog cells, without affecting their generation, thus abrogating long-term tumor control. High-level BCL6 expression was observed in tumor-specific T cells in draining lymph nodes (LNs) and was associated with T cell exhaustion. This was observed in TOX+TCF1+ Tprog cells in both LNs and tumors. BCL6 expression in CD8+ T cells was up-regulated by TGF-β-SMAD2 signaling but down-regulated by the IL-2-STAT5 pathway. Mechanistically, BCL6 transcriptionally repressed the expression of Tterm cell-associated genes and induced those of Tprog cell-related genes, in a manner antagonistic to BLIMP1. Prdm1 deficiency also promoted the Tprog cell program and greatly improved the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. Thus, we identified the TGF-β-BCL6 and IL-2-BLIMP1 antagonistic pathways in regulation of antitumor CD8+ T cells, which may benefit the development of long-lasting and effective cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinli Sun
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dongli Cai
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
- Department of Gynaecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Dingfeng Liu
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
- Department of Gynaecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruifeng Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bowen Xie
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengting Gou
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kun Wei
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuling Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- College of Life Science and Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinling Huang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinxin Chi
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Hao
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xinyi Guo
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Birui Pan
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujie Fu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ling Ni
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Research Unit of Immune Regulation and Immune Diseases of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang L, Wu M, Guo W, Zhu S, Li S, Lv S, Li Y, Liu L, Xing Y, Chen H, Liu M, Peng S, Chen Y, Yi Z. A small molecule BCL6 inhibitor as chemosensitizers in acute myeloid leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115358. [PMID: 37634473 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BCL6 is a transcriptional repressor that regulates multiple genes involved in immune cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, cell cycle, and apoptosis, and is a carcinogenic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML is one of the four major types of leukemia with the 5-year survival rate of patients is less than 20% and chemotherapy resistance remains the major obstacle to the treatment failure of AML. We identified WK499, a small molecule compound that can bind to BCL6BTB structure. Treatment with WK499 hinders the interactions between BCL6 with its corepressor proteins, resulting in a remarkable change of BCL6 downstream genes and anti-proliferative effects in AML cells, and inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We verified that AraC and DOXo could induce BCL6 expression in AML cells, and found that WK499 had a synergistic effect when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs. We further proved that WK499 and AraC could achieve a better result of inhibiting the growth of AML in vivo. These findings indicate that WK499, a small molecule inhibitor of BCL6, not only inhibits the proliferation of AML, but also provides an effective therapeutic strategy for increasing AML sensitivity to chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Min Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Weikai Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shen Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shiyi Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Layang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yajing Xing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shihong Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Yuyao Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Yihua Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Rd, Shanghai 200241, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zeremski V, McPhail ED, Habermann TM, Schieppati F, Gebauer N, Vassilakopoulos TP, Mougiakakos D. Treatment intensification might not improve survival in high-grade B-cell lymphoma with a concurrent MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangement: A retrospective, multicenter, pooled analysis. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:776-780. [PMID: 36945194 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Zeremski
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ellen D McPhail
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas M Habermann
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Niklas Gebauer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Theodoros P Vassilakopoulos
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
A new class of designer drugs can reprogram gene expression by linking a transcription factor that silences genes involved in cell death with an epigenetic regulator that stimulates gene activity. A prototype molecule showed robust potency in flipping the function of BCL6, a protein that supports lymphoma cell proliferation, offering a promising therapeutic approach to combat cancer cell growth.
Collapse
|
17
|
Witte HM, Riedl J, Künstner A, Fähnrich A, Ketzer J, Fliedner SMJ, Reimer N, Bernard V, von Bubnoff N, Merz H, Busch H, Feller A, Gebauer N. Molecularly Stratified Treatment Options in Primary Refractory DLBCL/HGBL with MYC and BCL2 or BCL6 Rearrangements (HGBL, NOS with MYC/BCL6). Target Oncol 2023; 18:749-765. [PMID: 37488307 PMCID: PMC10517902 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-023-00983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence supporting multidisciplinary molecular tumor boards (MTB) in solid tumors whereas hematologic malignancies remain underrepresented in this regard. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to assess the clinical relevance of MTBs in primary refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphomas/high-grade B-cell lymphomas with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (prDLBCL/HGBL-MYC/BCL2) (n = 13) and HGBL, not otherwise specified (NOS), with MYC and BCL6 rearrangements (prHGBL, NOS-MYC/BCL6) (n = 6) based on our previously published whole-exome sequencing (WES) cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS For genomic analysis, the institutional MTB WES pipeline (University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein: UCCSH), certified for routine clinical diagnostics, was employed and supplemented by a comprehensive immunohistochemical work-up. Consecutive database research and annotation according to established evidence levels for molecularly stratified therapies was performed (NCT-DKTK/ESCAT). RESULTS Molecularly tailored treatment options with NCT-DKTK evidence level of at least m2A were identified in each case. We classified mutations in accordance with biomarker/treatment baskets and detected a heterogeneous spectrum of targetable alterations affecting immune evasion (IE; n = 30), B-cell targets (BCT; n = 26), DNA damage repair (DDR; n = 20), tyrosine kinases (TK; n = 13), cell cycle (CC; n = 7), PI3K-MTOR-AKT pathway (PAM; n = 2), RAF-MEK-ERK cascade (RME; n = 1), and others (OTH; n = 11). CONCLUSION Our virtual MTB approach identified potential molecularly targeted treatment options alongside targetable genomic signatures for both prDLBCL/HGBL-MYC/BCL2 and prHGBL, NOS-MYC/BCL6. These results underline the potential of MTB consultations in difficult-to-treat lymphomas early in the treatment sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanno M Witte
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Federal Armed Forces Hospital Ulm, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Jörg Riedl
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Axel Künstner
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anke Fähnrich
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julius Ketzer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stephanie M J Fliedner
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Niklas Reimer
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Veronica Bernard
- Hämatopathologie Lübeck, Reference Centre for Lymph Node Pathology and Hematopathology, Maria-Goeppert-Straße 9a, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nikolas von Bubnoff
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hartmut Merz
- Hämatopathologie Lübeck, Reference Centre for Lymph Node Pathology and Hematopathology, Maria-Goeppert-Straße 9a, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alfred Feller
- Hämatopathologie Lübeck, Reference Centre for Lymph Node Pathology and Hematopathology, Maria-Goeppert-Straße 9a, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Niklas Gebauer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Alee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bakkar M, Altinok D, Kupsky WJ, Marupudi NI, Chiang J, Gorsi HS. Central Nervous System Tumor With BCL6 Corepressor Internal Tandem Duplication: Treatment Course of a Long-term Survivor. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:352-355. [PMID: 37314948 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) tumor with BCL6 corepressor (BCOR) internal tandem duplication (ITD) is a newly described CNS tumor, characterized by in-frame ITDs of the BCOR gene. There is no standard practice regarding the management of this tumor. We report the clinical course of a 6-year-old boy who presented to the hospital with worsening headaches. Computed tomography scan showed a large right-sided parietal supratentorial mass and brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a 6×8×6.7 cm lobulated, solid but heterogeneous mass in the right parieto-occipital region. While initial pathology suggested a WHO grade 3 anaplastic meningioma, additional investigation with molecular analysis confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with BCOR exon 15 ITD. This diagnosis was renamed CNS tumor with BCOR ITD in the 2021 WHO CNS tumor classification. The patient received 54 Gy of focal radiation and has no evidence of disease recurrence after 48 months from the end of treatment. As this is a newly discovered entity with only a few previous reports in the scientific literature, this report presents a unique treatment for this CNS tumor compared with those previously described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Bakkar
- Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI
| | - Deniz Altinok
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - William J Kupsky
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Neena I Marupudi
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Jason Chiang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Hamza S Gorsi
- Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University School of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gourisankar S, Krokhotin A, Ji W, Liu X, Chang CY, Kim SH, Li Z, Wenderski W, Simanauskaite JM, Yang H, Vogel H, Zhang T, Green MR, Gray NS, Crabtree GR. Rewiring cancer drivers to activate apoptosis. Nature 2023; 620:417-425. [PMID: 37495688 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Genes that drive the proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis of malignant cells have been identified for many human cancers1-4. Independent studies have identified cell death pathways that eliminate cells for the good of the organism5,6. The coexistence of cell death pathways with driver mutations suggests that the cancer driver could be rewired to activate cell death using chemical inducers of proximity (CIPs). Here we describe a new class of molecules called transcriptional/epigenetic CIPs (TCIPs) that recruit the endogenous cancer driver, or a downstream transcription factor, to the promoters of cell death genes, thereby activating their expression. We focused on diffuse large B cell lymphoma, in which the transcription factor B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is deregulated7. BCL6 binds to the promoters of cell death genes and epigenetically suppresses their expression8. We produced TCIPs by covalently linking small molecules that bind BCL6 to those that bind to transcriptional activators that contribute to the oncogenic program, such as BRD4. The most potent molecule, TCIP1, increases binding of BRD4 by 50% over genomic BCL6-binding sites to produce transcriptional elongation at pro-apoptotic target genes within 15 min, while reducing binding of BRD4 over enhancers by only 10%, reflecting a gain-of-function mechanism. TCIP1 kills diffuse large B cell lymphoma cell lines, including chemotherapy-resistant, TP53-mutant lines, at EC50 of 1-10 nM in 72 h and exhibits cell-specific and tissue-specific effects, capturing the combinatorial specificity inherent to transcription. The TCIP concept also has therapeutic applications in regulating the expression of genes for regenerative medicine and developmental disorders.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Carcinogenesis/drug effects
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Gourisankar
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Wenzhi Ji
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Cancer Institute, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Cancer Institute, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Samuel H Kim
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zhengnian Li
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Cancer Institute, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Wenderski
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Haopeng Yang
- Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tinghu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Cancer Institute, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Green
- Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford Cancer Institute, ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Gerald R Crabtree
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hoppe MM, Jaynes P, Shuangyi F, Peng Y, Sridhar S, Hoang PM, Liu CX, De Mel S, Poon L, Chan EHL, Lee J, Ong CK, Tang T, Lim ST, Nagarajan C, Grigoropoulos NF, Tan SY, Hue SSS, Chang ST, Chuang SS, Li S, Khoury JD, Choi H, Harris C, Bottos A, Gay LJ, Runge HF, Moutsopoulos I, Mohorianu I, Hodson DJ, Farinha P, Mottok A, Scott DW, Pitt JJ, Chen J, Kumar G, Kannan K, Chng WJ, Chee YL, Ng SB, Tripodo C, Jeyasekharan AD. Patterns of Oncogene Coexpression at Single-Cell Resolution Influence Survival in Lymphoma. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1144-1163. [PMID: 37071673 PMCID: PMC10157367 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancers often overexpress multiple clinically relevant oncogenes, but it is not known if combinations of oncogenes in cellular subpopulations within a cancer influence clinical outcomes. Using quantitative multispectral imaging of the prognostically relevant oncogenes MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), we show that the percentage of cells with a unique combination MYC+BCL2+BCL6- (M+2+6-) consistently predicts survival across four independent cohorts (n = 449), an effect not observed with other combinations including M+2+6+. We show that the M+2+6- percentage can be mathematically derived from quantitative measurements of the individual oncogenes and correlates with survival in IHC (n = 316) and gene expression (n = 2,521) datasets. Comparative bulk/single-cell transcriptomic analyses of DLBCL samples and MYC/BCL2/BCL6-transformed primary B cells identify molecular features, including cyclin D2 and PI3K/AKT as candidate regulators of M+2+6- unfavorable biology. Similar analyses evaluating oncogenic combinations at single-cell resolution in other cancers may facilitate an understanding of cancer evolution and therapy resistance. SIGNIFICANCE Using single-cell-resolved multiplexed imaging, we show that selected subpopulations of cells expressing specific combinations of oncogenes influence clinical outcomes in lymphoma. We describe a probabilistic metric for the estimation of cellular oncogenic coexpression from IHC or bulk transcriptomes, with possible implications for prognostication and therapeutic target discovery in cancer. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1027.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Marek Hoppe
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick Jaynes
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fan Shuangyi
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yanfen Peng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shruti Sridhar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Phuong Mai Hoang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clementine Xin Liu
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanjay De Mel
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Limei Poon
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esther Hian Li Chan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Choon Kiat Ong
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tiffany Tang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soon Thye Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Soo-Yong Tan
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Susan Swee-Shan Hue
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheng-Tsung Chang
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sung Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Hematopathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph D. Khoury
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Hyungwon Choi
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carl Harris
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Laura J. Gay
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Irina Mohorianu
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Hodson
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anja Mottok
- BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Jason J. Pitt
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gayatri Kumar
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kasthuri Kannan
- Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wee Joo Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yen Lin Chee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siok-Bian Ng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- IFOM ETS – The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Anand D. Jeyasekharan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lefebvre C, Szymanski G. Extranodal presentation of a MYC/BCL6 double-hit lymphoma with 11q aberration in an older patient. Blood 2023; 141:1093. [PMID: 36862431 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
|
22
|
Chen Z, Wang W, Hua Y. Identification and validation of BCL6 and VEGFA as biomarkers and ageing patterns correlating with immune infiltrates in OA progression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2558. [PMID: 36781858 PMCID: PMC9925801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28000-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common type of arthritis, is a complex biological response caused by cartilage wear and synovial inflammation that links biomechanics and inflammation. The progression of OA correlates with a rise in the number of senescent cells in multiple joint tissues. However, the mechanisms by which senescent cells and their involvement with immune infiltration promote OA progression are not fully understood. The gene expression profiles and clinical information of OA and healthy control synovial tissue samples were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and then differential analysis of senescence regulators between OA and normal samples was performed. The random forest (RF) was used to screen candidate senescence regulators to predict the occurrence of OA. The reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR experiments at tissue's level was performed to confirm these biomarkers. Moreover, two distinct senescence patterns were identified and systematic correlation between these senescence patterns and immune cell infiltration was analyzed. The senescence score and senescence gene clusters were constructed to quantify senescence patterns together with immune infiltration of individual OA patient. 73 senescence differentially expressed genes were identified between OA patients and normal controls. The RF method was utilized to build an OA risk model based on two senescence related genes: BCL6 and VEGFA. Next, two distinct aging patterns were determined in OA synovial samples. Most patients from senescence cluster A were further classified into gene cluster B and high senescence score group correlated with a non-inflamed phenotype, whereas senescence cluster B were classified into gene cluster A and low senescence score group correlated with an inflamed phenotype. Our study revealed that senescence played an important role in in OA synovial inflammation. Evaluating the senescence patterns of individuals with OA will contribute to enhancing our cognition of immune infiltration characterization, providing novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and guiding more effective immunotherapy strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Hua
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li K, Liu Y, Ding Y, Zhang Z, Feng J, Hu J, Chen J, Lian Z, Chen Y, Hu K, Chen Z, Cai Z, Liu M, Pang X. BCL6 is regulated by the MAPK/ELK1 axis and promotes KRAS-driven lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:161308. [PMID: 36377663 PMCID: PMC9663163 DOI: 10.1172/jci161308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutational activation of KRAS is a common oncogenic event in lung cancer, yet effective therapies are still lacking. Here, we identify B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) as a lynchpin in KRAS-driven lung cancer. BCL6 expression was increased upon KRAS activation in lung tumor tissue in mice and was positively correlated with the expression of KRAS-GTP, the active form of KRAS, in various human cancer cell lines. Moreover, BCL6 was highly expressed in human KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinomas and was associated with poor patient survival. Mechanistically, the MAPK/ERK/ELK1 signaling axis downstream of mutant KRAS directly regulated BCL6 expression. BCL6 maintained the global expression of prereplication complex components; therefore, BCL6 inhibition induced stalling of the replication fork, leading to DNA damage and growth arrest in KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells. Importantly, BCL6-specific knockout in lungs significantly reduced the tumor burden and mortality in the LSL-KrasG12D/+ lung cancer mouse model. Likewise, pharmacological inhibition of BCL6 significantly impeded the growth of KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, our findings reveal a crucial role of BCL6 in promoting KRAS-addicted lung cancer and suggest BCL6 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of this intractable disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
- Joint Translational Science and Technology Research Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Yi Ding
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Juanjuan Feng
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Jiaxin Hu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Jiwei Chen
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Zhengke Lian
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Yiliang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kewen Hu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| | - Xiufeng Pang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences and
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bliven SP, Shea L, Bal S, Goyal G, Mehta A, Narkhede M. Patterns of Utilization and Outcomes of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphomas with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 Rearrangements. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2022; 22:825-834. [PMID: 35869021 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Diffuse Large Bcell Lymphoma (DLBCL) with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 gene rearrangements [double-hit lymphoma/triple-hit lymphoma (DHL/THL)] have poor prognosis in the relapsed/refractory setting. METHODS We utilized a real-world deidentified database of DLBCL patients and report patterns of therapy utilization in relapsed/refractory DLBCL. We used log-rank test to compare real-world overall survival (rwOS) among DHL and non-DHL subgroups for CAR Tcell therapy or ASCT respectively, stratified for prior lines of therapy. RESULTS Of all 7,877 patients with DLBCL, 367 patients had DHL while 6113 had non-DHL. Second line chemotherapy was administered to 147 DHL patients and 1517 non-DHL. 1393 were excluded, including 934 with unknown DHL/THL status. Approximately 47% received salvage intent chemotherapy in the DHL subgroup, of which 19% patients eventually received ASCT, while 34% received salvage intent chemotherapy in the non-DHL/THL group with 32% receiving ASCT. DHL/THL status negatively influenced median rwOS for patients who underwent ASCT in the second-line while it was associated with numerically inferior but without statistically significant rwOS among patients that underwent CAR Tcell therapy on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION rwOS of relapsed DHL/THL is inferior to non-DHL/THL. Fewer patients with DHL/THL were able to proceed with ASCT after salvage chemotherapy compared to non-DHL/THL. ASCT as second-line therapy for relapsed DHL/THL had worse rwOS than for non-DHL/THL, consistent with the natural history of DHL/THL. This difference was not seen for CAR Tcell therapy, which combined with promising results from clinical trials, suggests a greater role for CAR T-cell therapy in relapsed/refractory DHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Shea
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Susan Bal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Gaurav Goyal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Amitkumar Mehta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Mayur Narkhede
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Henry RK, Bilyk JR, Evans JJ, Lao PA, Milman T. Double-hit and triple-hit high-grade B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa. Orbit 2022; 41:624-628. [PMID: 33779481 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2021.1904426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) with c-MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements, also known as a double-hit and triple-hit lymphoma, is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma affecting older adults. After formal recognition of this entity in the 2017 revision of the World Health Organization Classification of lymphoid neoplasms, only two well-documented cases of triple-hit lymphoma of the orbit appear in the literature. Herein, we describe a 70-year-old man with progressive diplopia, ophthalmoplegia, and rapidly enlarging temporal mass. Biopsy revealed a tumor morphologically consistent with HGBL, coexpressing CD20, CD10, BCL6, BCL2, and c-MYC on immunohistochemical analysis. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization showed rearrangements in c-MYC and BCL-2 genes, confirming double-hit HGBL. Systemic workup revealed Ann Arbor stage IV disease. This report reviews the existing literature on ocular adnexal double-hit and triple-hit lymphoma and provides an update on the diagnostic ancillary studies, prognostic implications, and latest management for this aggressive hematolymphoid malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger K Henry
- Department of Pathology, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jurij R Bilyk
- Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James J Evans
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Priscilla A Lao
- Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tatyana Milman
- Department of Pathology, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kuhlman JJ, Moustafa MA, Jiang L, Iqbal M, Seegobin K, Wolcott Z, Ayala E, Ansell S, Rosenthal A, Paludo J, Micallef I, Johnston P, Inwards D, Habermann T, Kharfan-Dabaja M, Witzig TE, Nowakowski GS, Tun HW. Leukemic High Grade B Cell Lymphoma is Associated With MYC Translocation, Double Hit/Triple Hit Status, Transformation, and CNS Disease Risk: The Mayo Clinic Experience. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2022; 22:e815-e825. [PMID: 35534379 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leukemic involvement in high grade B cell lymphoma (L-HGBL) is rare and has been sparsely described in the literature. We report our experience in a large single institution multicenter academic setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medical records of patients with HGBL who received care at Mayo Clinic between 2003 and 2020 were reviewed. L-HGBL was confirmed by peripheral blood smear and flow cytometry with corroboration from tissue and bone marrow biopsy findings. RESULTS Twenty patients met inclusion criteria. All patients had significant bone marrow involvement by HGBL. Leukemic involvement presented in 11 of 20 (55%) in the de novo and 9 of 20 (45%) in the relapsed setting. Seven of 20 patients had DLBCL, NOS, 6 of 20 had transformation (t-DLBCL), 3 of 20 had transformed double/triple hit lymphoma (t-DHL/THL), 2 of 20 had double hit lymphoma (DHL), and 2 of 20 had HGBL with intermediate features between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma. Nine of 15 patients had MYC translocation. Based on Hans criteria, 11 of 20 had germinal center B-cell (GCB) cell of origin (COO) and 9/20 had non-GCB COO. Five of 11 de novo patients experienced CNS relapse/progression. All de novo patients received anthracycline-based chemoimmunotherapy. Eighteen of 20 patients died of progressive disease. Median overall survival was significantly better in the de novo compared to relapsed group (8.9 months vs. 2.8 months, P = .01). COO, MYC status, DHL/THL status, HGBL subtype, or treatment group did not demonstrate a significant effect on overall survival. CONCLUSION L-HGBL carries a poor prognosis and is associated with MYC translocation, DHL/THL status, transformation, and high CNS risk. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed for L-HGBL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liuyan Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Madiha Iqbal
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Karan Seegobin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Zoe Wolcott
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Ernesto Ayala
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Steve Ansell
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Allison Rosenthal
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ivana Micallef
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Patrick Johnston
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - David Inwards
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Thomas Habermann
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Thomas E Witzig
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Han W Tun
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xia Y, Sandor K, Pai JA, Daniel B, Raju S, Wu R, Hsiung S, Qi Y, Yangdon T, Okamoto M, Chou C, Hiam-Galvez KJ, Schreiber RD, Murphy KM, Satpathy AT, Egawa T. BCL6-dependent TCF-1 + progenitor cells maintain effector and helper CD4 + T cell responses to persistent antigen. Immunity 2022; 55:1200-1215.e6. [PMID: 35637103 PMCID: PMC10034764 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Soon after activation, CD4+ T cells are segregated into BCL6+ follicular helper (Tfh) and BCL6- effector (Teff) T cells. Here, we explored how these subsets are maintained during chronic antigen stimulation using the mouse chronic LCMV infection model. Using single cell-transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses, we identified a population of PD-1+ TCF-1+ CD4+ T cells with memory-like features. TCR clonal tracing and adoptive transfer experiments demonstrated that these cells have self-renewal capacity and continue to give rise to both Teff and Tfh cells, thus functioning as progenitor cells. Conditional deletion experiments showed Bcl6-dependent development of these progenitors, which were essential for sustaining antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses to chronic infection. An analogous CD4+ T cell population developed in draining lymph nodes in response to tumors. Our study reveals the heterogeneity and plasticity of CD4+ T cells during persistent antigen exposure and highlights their population dynamics through a stable, bipotent intermediate state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Katalin Sandor
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joy A Pai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bence Daniel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Saravanan Raju
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Renee Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sunnie Hsiung
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yanyan Qi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tenzin Yangdon
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mariko Okamoto
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chun Chou
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Robert D Schreiber
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Takeshi Egawa
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bal E, Kumar R, Hadigol M, Holmes AB, Hilton LK, Loh JW, Dreval K, Wong JCH, Vlasevska S, Corinaldesi C, Soni RK, Basso K, Morin RD, Khiabanian H, Pasqualucci L, Dalla-Favera R. Super-enhancer hypermutation alters oncogene expression in B cell lymphoma. Nature 2022; 607:808-815. [PMID: 35794478 PMCID: PMC9583699 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and remains incurable in around 40% of patients. Efforts to sequence the coding genome identified several genes and pathways that are altered in this disease, including potential therapeutic targets1-5. However, the non-coding genome of DLBCL remains largely unexplored. Here we show that active super-enhancers are highly and specifically hypermutated in 92% of samples from individuals with DLBCL, display signatures of activation-induced cytidine deaminase activity, and are linked to genes that encode B cell developmental regulators and oncogenes. As evidence of oncogenic relevance, we show that the hypermutated super-enhancers linked to the BCL6, BCL2 and CXCR4 proto-oncogenes prevent the binding and transcriptional downregulation of the corresponding target gene by transcriptional repressors, including BLIMP1 (targeting BCL6) and the steroid receptor NR3C1 (targeting BCL2 and CXCR4). Genetic correction of selected mutations restored repressor DNA binding, downregulated target gene expression and led to the counter-selection of cells containing corrected alleles, indicating an oncogenic dependency on the super-enhancer mutations. This pervasive super-enhancer mutational mechanism reveals a major set of genetic lesions deregulating gene expression, which expands the involvement of known oncogenes in DLBCL pathogenesis and identifies new deregulated gene targets of therapeutic relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Bal
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Mohammad Hadigol
- Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Antony B Holmes
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura K Hilton
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jui Wan Loh
- Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kostiantyn Dreval
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jasper C H Wong
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sofija Vlasevska
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Rajesh Kumar Soni
- Proteomics and Macromolecular Crystallography Shared Resource, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katia Basso
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan D Morin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Genome Sciences Center, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hossein Khiabanian
- Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Laura Pasqualucci
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Riccardo Dalla-Favera
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nitsch L, Jensen P, Yoon H, Koeppel J, Burman SSR, Fischer ES, Scholl C, Fröhling S, Słabicki M. BTB BCL6 dimers as building blocks for reversible drug-induced protein oligomerization. Cell Rep Methods 2022; 2:100193. [PMID: 35497498 PMCID: PMC9046236 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here, we characterize the BTB domain of the transcription factor BCL6 (BTBBCL6) as a small-molecule-controlled, reversible oligomerization switch, which oligomerizes upon BI-3802 treatment and de-oligomerizes upon addition of BI-3812. We show that the magnitude of oligomerization can be controlled in vitro by BI-3802 concentration and exposure time. In cellular models, exposure to BI-3802/BI-3812 can drive multiple cycles of foci formation consisting of BTBBCL6 fused to EGFP, which are not degraded due to the lack of a degron. We generated an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-BTBBCL6 fusion. Treatment with BI-3802, as an ON switch, induced EGFR-BTBBCL6 phosphorylation and activation of downstream effectors, which could in part be reversed by the addition of BI-3812, as an OFF switch. Finally, BI-3802-induced oligomerization of the EGFR-BTBBCL6 fusion enhanced proliferation of an EGF-dependent cell line in absence of EGF. These results demonstrate the successful application of small-molecule-induced, reversible oligomerization as a switch for synthetic biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Nitsch
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrizia Jensen
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hojong Yoon
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonas Koeppel
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Shourya Sonkar Roy Burman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eric Sebastian Fischer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Claudia Scholl
- Division of Applied Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mikołaj Słabicki
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhou ZW, Ren X, Zhou WS, Li AP, Zheng LJ. LncRNA NEAT1 alleviates ischemic stroke via transcriptional inhibition of NLRP3 mediated by the miR‑10b‑5p/BCL6 axis. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022; 82:12-21. [PMID: 35451420 DOI: 10.55782/ane-2022-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is a significant cause of disability and death. Inflammation usually occurs after CIS and accelerates cellular damage. NLRP3 plays a key role in the formation of CIS‑associated inflammasome. Understanding how NLRP3 is regulated bears great importance. We hypothesized that lncRNA NEAT1 can downregulate NLRP3 expression by regulating the miR‑10b‑5p/BCL6 axis, and thus regulate microglia‑driven inflammation. The expression of NEAT1 was analyzed in CIS patients and an in vitro model of oxygen and glucose deprivation/re‑oxygenation (OGD/R). We assessed the levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines IL‑18 and IL‑1β with ELISA. Interactions between NEAT1/miR‑10b‑5p and miR‑10b‑5p/BCL6 were determined by luciferase assay. The interaction of BCL6 and NLRP3 was identified by ChIP; RNA, and protein levels were evaluated by qRT‑PCR and western blot, respectively. We found that NEAT1 level was decreased in CIS patients and OGD/R treated cells. OGD/R exerted pro‑inflammasome effects by increasing the expression of inflammasome‑associated proteins and ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) while inhibiting SOD production. This effect was partially antagonized by NEAT1. We bioinformatically identified interactions between NEAT1/miR‑10b‑5p, BCL6/miR‑10b‑5p, and NLRP3‑promoter/BCL6, and validated them by luciferase assay, qRT‑PCR, and ChIP. NEAT1 inhibited miR‑10b‑5p and upregulated BCL6 by ceRNA mechanism and alleviated OGD/R induced cell damage. We also proved that BCL6 was a repressive transcription factor in the regulation of NLRP3 expression. Thus, lncRNA NEAT1 inhibited inflammasome activation by NLRP3 in microglia via the NEAT1/ miR‑10b‑5p/BCL6/NLRP3 regulatory axis, which alleviated deleterious outcomes of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Zhou
- Departments of Neurology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Departments of Neurology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Zhou
- Departments of Neurology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ai-Ping Li
- Departments of Neurology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Zheng
- Departments of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shen X, Zhou LT, Li AQ, Yi HM, Ouyang BS, Xu HM, Xie JL, Gu YJ, Zhang L, Dong L. [Clinicopathological features and prognosis of high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and bcl-2 and/or bcl-6 rearrangements]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:120-125. [PMID: 35152630 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20210826-00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) involving combined rearrangements of MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6. Methods: A total of 1 138 cases of large B cell lymphoma (LBL) that were treated at the Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from January 2017 to September 2020 were analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes against MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6. The clinical and pathological data of the 45 patients with HGBL that had rearrangements of MYC and bcl-2 and/or bcl-6 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among the 1 138 LBL, 45 (4.0%) cases had combined rearrangements of MYC, bcl-2 and/or bcl-6 that included 6 HGBL cases with MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6 rearrangements, 14 HGBL cases with MYC and bcl-2 rearrangements, and 25 HGBL cases with MYC and bcl-6 rearrangements. Of these 45 patients, 29 patients were male, and 16 patients were female, aged 29 to 83 years. HGBL with MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6 rearrangements and HGBL with MYC and bcl-2 rearrangement were reclassified as the germinal center B-cell (GCB) subtype using the Hans algorithm. HGBL with MYC and bcl-6 rearrangement were reclassified as the GCB subtype (68.0%) and the non-GCB subtype (32.0%). The vast majority of HGBL cases had a high Ki-67 proliferation index. Most HGBL patients had advanced stage disease with a high IPI score and an increased LDH level. Also, some patients had clinical features including elevated plasma β2-microglobulin levels, B symptoms, and bone marrow involvement. The IPI scores and LDH levels were significantly different between the HGBL cases with MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6 rearrangements and the HGBL cases with MYC and bcl-6 rearrangements (P<0.05). Compared with the HGBL cases with MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6 rearrangements, the HGBL cases with MYC and bcl-2 or bcl-6 rearrangements had a lower incidence of bone marrow involvement (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the prognosis among HGBL cases with MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6 rearrangements, the cases with MYC and bcl-2 rearrangements, and the cases with MYC and bcl-6 rearrangements (P>0.05). Conclusions: HGBL with MYC, bcl-2 and/or bcl-6 rearrangements are rare types of B-cell lymphoma with high degree of malignancy and have a short overall survival. To reduce misdiagnosis and improve diagnostic accuracy, it is necessary to assess the patients' clinical features and conduct histopathological, immunohistochemical and FISH analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Shen
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L T Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - A Q Li
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - H M Yi
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - B S Ouyang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - H M Xu
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J L Xie
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y J Gu
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Dong
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ciucci T, Vacchio MS, Chen T, Nie J, Chopp LB, McGavern DB, Kelly MC, Bosselut R. Dependence on Bcl6 and Blimp1 drive distinct differentiation of murine memory and follicular helper CD4+ T cells. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20202343. [PMID: 34792530 PMCID: PMC8605495 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During the immune response, CD4+ T cells differentiate into distinct effector subtypes, including follicular helper T (Tfh) cells that help B cells, and into memory cells. Tfh and memory cells are required for long-term immunity; both depend on the transcription factor Bcl6, raising the question whether they differentiate through similar mechanisms. Here, using single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing, we show that virus-responding CD4+ T cells lacking both Bcl6 and Blimp1 can differentiate into cells with transcriptomic, chromatin accessibility, and functional attributes of memory cells but not of Tfh cells. Thus, Bcl6 promotes memory cell differentiation primarily through its repression of Blimp1. These findings demonstrate that distinct mechanisms underpin the differentiation of memory and Tfh CD4+ cells and define the Bcl6-Blimp1 axis as a potential target for promoting long-term memory T cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ciucci
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Melanie S. Vacchio
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ting Chen
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jia Nie
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Laura B. Chopp
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Dorian B. McGavern
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael C. Kelly
- Single Cell Analysis Facility, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rémy Bosselut
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fang SG, Xia TL, Fu JC, Li T, Zhong Q, Han F. BCL6-SPECC1L: A Novel Fusion Gene in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221139981. [PMID: 36412101 PMCID: PMC9706053 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221139981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) are malignant tumors originating from the lining epithelium of the nasopharynx. Fusion genes have been confirmed to play important roles in the occurrence and development of various malignant tumors, but the role of fusion genes in NPC is poorly understood. We aimed to explore new fusion genes that promote the occurrence and development of NPC. Methods: RNA-seq was used to search for interchromosomal translocations in 18 NPC tissues. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing were applied to verify the presence of BCL6-SPECC1L (BS); quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting were used to measure the expression level of BCL-6 in NPC cells; MTT and in vivo tumorigenesis assays were applied to evaluate the cell proliferation ability; immunofluorescence assays were used to determine the cellular localization of BCL6 and BS; and a luciferase reporter assay was performed to evaluate the ability of BCL6 and BS to inhibit transcription. Results: BS was present in 5.34% (11/206) of primary NPC biopsies and 2.13% (1/47) of head and neck cancer biopsies. The expression of BCL6 was downregulated in NPC, and silencing of endogenous BCL6 promoted NPC cell proliferation in vitro. Overexpression of BCL6 but not BS inhibited the growth of NPC cells in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, BCL6 localized in the nucleus can inhibit the G1/S transition to suppress the growth of NPC cells. However, after the fusion of BCL6 and SPECC1L, the product cannot localize to the nucleus, and the transcriptional inhibitory function of BCL6 is abolished, eventually abolishing its tumor suppressor effect and leading to the development of NPC. Conclusion: BS is a novel fusion gene in NPC that may play an important role in the occurrence and development of this cancer. The clinical significance of the BS fusion gene needs further elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Gui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer
Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer
Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou,
China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou,
China
| | - Tian-Liang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou,
China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou,
China
| | - Jian-Chang Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou,
China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer
Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer
Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou,
China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer
Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou,
China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou,
China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and
Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Aggressive B-cell lymphoma is a heterogeneous entity with disparate outcomes based on clinical and pathological characteristics. While most tumors in this category are diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the recognition that some cases have high-grade morphology and frequently harbor MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 translocations has led to their separate categorization. These cases are now considered distinct from DLBCL and are named "high-grade B-cell lymphoma" (HGBL). Most are characterized by distinct rearrangements, but others have high-grade morphological features without these and are called HGBL-not otherwise specified. Studies have demonstrated that this group of diseases leads to poor outcomes following standard rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone therapy; retrospective and recent single-arm, multicenter studies suggest they should be approached with dose-intense treatment platforms. As yet, this has not been validated in randomized trial settings due to the rarity of these diseases. In the relapsed and refractory setting, novel approaches such as anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells and antibodies against CD19 have demonstrated high efficacy in this subgroup. Recently, genomic studies have made much progress in investigating some of the molecular underpinnings that drive their lymphomagenesis and have paved the way for testing additional novel approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieron Dunleavy
- Correspondence Kieron Dunleavy, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20057; e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Stamos DB, Clubb LM, Mitra A, Chopp LB, Nie J, Ding Y, Das A, Venkataganesh H, Lee J, El-Khoury D, Li L, Bhandoola A, Bosselut R, Love PE. The histone demethylase Lsd1 regulates multiple repressive gene programs during T cell development. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20202012. [PMID: 34726730 PMCID: PMC8570297 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the transcriptional profiles of developing thymocytes has shown that T lineage commitment is associated with loss of stem cell and early progenitor gene signatures and the acquisition of T cell gene signatures. Less well understood are the epigenetic alterations that accompany or enable these transcriptional changes. Here, we show that the histone demethylase Lsd1 (Kdm1a) performs a key role in extinguishing stem/progenitor transcriptional programs in addition to key repressive gene programs during thymocyte maturation. Deletion of Lsd1 caused a block in late T cell development and resulted in overexpression of interferon response genes as well as genes regulated by the Gfi1, Bcl6, and, most prominently, Bcl11b transcriptional repressors in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes. Transcriptional overexpression in Lsd1-deficient thymocytes was not always associated with increased H3K4 trimethylation at gene promoters, indicating that Lsd1 indirectly affects the expression of many genes. Together, these results identify a critical function for Lsd1 in the epigenetic regulation of multiple repressive gene signatures during T cell development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. Stamos
- Section on Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lauren M. Clubb
- Section on Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Apratim Mitra
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programing Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Laura B. Chopp
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jia Nie
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Yi Ding
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Arundhoti Das
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Harini Venkataganesh
- Section on Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jan Lee
- Section on Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dalal El-Khoury
- Section on Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - LiQi Li
- Section on Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Avinash Bhandoola
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Remy Bosselut
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Paul E. Love
- Section on Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pyle CJ, Labeur-Iurman L, Groves HT, Puttur F, Lloyd CM, Tregoning JS, Harker JA. Enhanced IL-2 in early life limits the development of TFH and protective antiviral immunity. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201555. [PMID: 34665220 PMCID: PMC8529914 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper cell (TFH)-dependent antibody responses are critical for long-term immunity. Antibody responses are diminished in early life, limiting long-term protective immunity and allowing prolonged or recurrent infection, which may be important for viral lung infections that are highly prevalent in infancy. In a murine model using respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), we show that TFH and the high-affinity antibody production they promote are vital for preventing disease on RSV reinfection. Following a secondary RSV infection, TFH-deficient mice had significantly exacerbated disease characterized by delayed viral clearance, increased weight loss, and immunopathology. TFH generation in early life was compromised by heightened IL-2 and STAT5 signaling in differentiating naive T cells. Neutralization of IL-2 during early-life RSV infection resulted in a TFH-dependent increase in antibody-mediated immunity and was sufficient to limit disease severity upon reinfection. These data demonstrate the importance of TFH in protection against recurrent RSV infection and highlight a mechanism by which this is suppressed in early life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe J. Pyle
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Lucia Labeur-Iurman
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Helen T. Groves
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, St. Mary’s Campus, London, UK
| | - Franz Puttur
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Clare M. Lloyd
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms for Asthma, London, UK
| | - John S. Tregoning
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, St. Mary’s Campus, London, UK
| | - James A. Harker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms for Asthma, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
He L, Ding Y, Zhao Y, So KK, Peng XL, Li Y, Yuan J, He Z, Chen X, Sun H, Wang H. CRISPR/Cas9/AAV9-mediated in vivo editing identifies MYC regulation of 3D genome in skeletal muscle stem cell. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:2442-2458. [PMID: 34534448 PMCID: PMC8514971 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) are stem cells responsible for muscle development and regeneration. Although CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely used, its application in endogenous SCs remains elusive. Here, we generate mice expressing Cas9 in SCs and achieve robust editing in juvenile SCs at the postnatal stage through AAV9-mediated short guide RNA (sgRNA) delivery. Additionally, we reveal that quiescent SCs are resistant to CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate efficient editing of master transcription factor (TF) Myod1 locus using the CRISPR/Cas9/AAV9-sgRNA system in juvenile SCs. Application on two key TFs, MYC and BCL6, unveils distinct functions in SC activation and muscle regeneration. Particularly, we reveal that MYC orchestrates SC activation through regulating 3D genome architecture. Its depletion results in strengthening of the topologically associating domain boundaries thus may affect gene expression. Altogether, our study establishes a platform for editing endogenous SCs that can be harnessed to elucidate the functionality of key regulators governing SC activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangqiang He
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingzhe Ding
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl K So
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xianlu L Peng
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiming He
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaona Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Huating Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ke X, Zhang R, Yao Q, Duan S, Hong W, Cao M, Zhou Q, Zhong X, Zhao H. Alternative splicing of medaka bcl6aa and its repression by Prdm1a and Prdm1b. Fish Physiol Biochem 2021; 47:1229-1242. [PMID: 34218391 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00980-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bcl6 and Prdm1 (Blimp1) are a pair of transcriptional factors that repressing each other in mammals. Prdm1 represses the expression of bcl6 by binding a cis-element of the bcl6 gene in mammals. The homologs of Bcl6 and Prdm1 have been identified in teleost fish. However, whether these two factors regulate each other in the same way in fish like that in mammals is not clear. In this study, the regulation of bcl6aa by Prdm1 was investigated in medaka. The mRNA of bcl6aa has three variants (bcl6aaX1-X3) at the 5'-end by alternative splicing detected by RT-PCR. The three variants can be detected in adult tissues and developing embryos of medaka. Prdm1a and prdm1b are expressed in the tissues and embryos where and when bcl6aa is expressed. The expression of prdm1a was high while the expression of bcl6aa was low, and vice versa, detected in the spleen after stimulation with LPS or polyI:C. In vitro reporter assay indicated that bcl6aa could be directly repressed by both Prdm1a and Prdm1b in a dosage-dependent manner. After mutation of the key base, G, of all predicted binding sites in the core promoter region of bcl6aa, the repression by Prdm1a and/or Prdm1b disappeared. The binding site of Prdm1 in the bcl6aa gene is GAAAA(T/G). These results indicate that both Prdm1a and Prdm1b directly repress the expression of bcl6aa by binding their binding sites where the 5'-G is critical in medaka fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Ke
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Runshuai Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Qiting Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Shi Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Wentao Hong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Mengxi Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Qingchun Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Xueping Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Haobin Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bagadia P, O'Connor KW, Wu R, Ferris ST, Ward JP, Schreiber RD, Murphy TL, Murphy KM. Bcl6-Independent In Vivo Development of Functional Type 1 Classical Dendritic Cells Supporting Tumor Rejection. J Immunol 2021; 207:125-132. [PMID: 34135058 PMCID: PMC8797952 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional repressor Bcl6 has been reported as required for development of a subset of classical dendritic cell (cDCs) called cDC1, which is responsible for cross-presentation. However, mechanisms and in vivo functional analysis have been lacking. We generated a system for conditional deletion of Bcl6 in mouse cDCs. We confirmed the reported in vitro requirement for Bcl6 in cDC1 development and the general role for Bcl6 in cDC development in competitive settings. However, deletion of Bcl6 did not abrogate the in vivo development of cDC1. Instead, Bcl6 deficiency caused only a selective reduction in CD8α expression by cDC1 without affecting XCR1 or CD24 expression. Normal cDC1 development was confirmed in Bcl6cKO mice by development of XCR1+ Zbtb46-GFP+ cDC1 by rejection of syngeneic tumors and by priming of tumor-specific CD8 T cells. In summary, Bcl6 regulates a subset of cDC1-specific markers and is required in vitro but not in vivo for cDC1 development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Bagadia
- Department of Oncology, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Kevin W O'Connor
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Renee Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Stephen T Ferris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeffrey P Ward
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; and
| | - Robert D Schreiber
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Theresa L Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kenneth M Murphy
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO;
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lap CJ, Nassereddine S, Dunleavy K. Novel Biological Insights and New Developments in Management of Burkitt Lymphoma and High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2021; 22:60. [PMID: 34097157 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-021-00857-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is highly curable, and prompt institution of therapy is critical to achieving optimal outcomes. Although current "standard" approaches are very effective in disease eradication, treatment-related toxicity makes optimal delivery of curative therapy a challenge, especially in older and immunocompromised individuals. Reduced intensity approaches with fewer toxic complications have been the focus of some recent studies. A critical question is if they can replace "standard" approaches by maintaining high curability with improved tolerability. Additionally, new molecular insights in BL biology suggest that in the future, "targeted therapy" approaches may be feasible using small molecule inhibitors and novel strategies. Recently, a new category of aggressive lymphoma named "high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 translocations" has been recognized. This category overlaps clinically and biologically with BL and has an inferior prognosis compared to most B-cell lymphomas, and the optimal approach to its management remains, as yet, undefined. In this review, we discuss the current landscape of BL treatment including recent results with low-intensity regimens and also consider current approaches to HGBL. We also explore how recently elucidated novel biological insights in BL biology may shape future therapeutic directions including the use of novel cellular therapy approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Coen J Lap
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty Associates, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Samah Nassereddine
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty Associates, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kieron Dunleavy
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Allahyar A, Pieterse M, Swennenhuis J, Los-de Vries GT, Yilmaz M, Leguit R, Meijers RWJ, van der Geize R, Vermaat J, Cleven A, van Wezel T, Diepstra A, van Kempen LC, Hijmering NJ, Stathi P, Sharma M, Melquiond ASJ, de Vree PJP, Verstegen MJAM, Krijger PHL, Hajo K, Simonis M, Rakszewska A, van Min M, de Jong D, Ylstra B, Feitsma H, Splinter E, de Laat W. Robust detection of translocations in lymphoma FFPE samples using targeted locus capture-based sequencing. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3361. [PMID: 34099699 PMCID: PMC8184748 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In routine diagnostic pathology, cancer biopsies are preserved by formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedding (FFPE) procedures for examination of (intra-) cellular morphology. Such procedures inadvertently induce DNA fragmentation, which compromises sequencing-based analyses of chromosomal rearrangements. Yet, rearrangements drive many types of hematolymphoid malignancies and solid tumors, and their manifestation is instructive for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Here, we present FFPE-targeted locus capture (FFPE-TLC) for targeted sequencing of proximity-ligation products formed in FFPE tissue blocks, and PLIER, a computational framework that allows automated identification and characterization of rearrangements involving selected, clinically relevant, loci. FFPE-TLC, blindly applied to 149 lymphoma and control FFPE samples, identifies the known and previously uncharacterized rearrangement partners. It outperforms fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in sensitivity and specificity, and shows clear advantages over standard capture-NGS methods, finding rearrangements involving repetitive sequences which they typically miss. FFPE-TLC is therefore a powerful clinical diagnostics tool for accurate targeted rearrangement detection in FFPE specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Allahyar
- Oncode Institute & Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Pieterse
- Oncode Institute & Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - G Tjitske Los-de Vries
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Roos Leguit
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Department of Pathology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud W J Meijers
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Department of Pathology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Joost Vermaat
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Hematology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arjen Cleven
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van Wezel
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan Diepstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Léon C van Kempen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nathalie J Hijmering
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Phylicia Stathi
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Milan Sharma
- Oncode Institute & Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Adrien S J Melquiond
- Oncode Institute & Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paula J P de Vree
- Oncode Institute & Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjon J A M Verstegen
- Oncode Institute & Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H L Krijger
- Oncode Institute & Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Daphne de Jong
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bauke Ylstra
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Wouter de Laat
- Oncode Institute & Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fangazio M, Ladewig E, Gomez K, Garcia-Ibanez L, Kumar R, Teruya-Feldstein J, Rossi D, Filip I, Pan-Hammarström Q, Inghirami G, Boldorini R, Ott G, Staiger AM, Chapuy B, Gaidano G, Bhagat G, Basso K, Rabadan R, Pasqualucci L, Dalla-Favera R. Genetic mechanisms of HLA-I loss and immune escape in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2104504118. [PMID: 34050029 PMCID: PMC8179151 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104504118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty percent of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cases lack cell-surface expression of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I), thus escaping recognition by cytotoxic T cells. Here we show that, across B cell lymphomas, loss of MHC-I, but not MHC-II, is preferentially restricted to DLBCL. To identify the involved mechanisms, we performed whole exome and targeted HLA deep-sequencing in 74 DLBCL samples, and found somatic inactivation of B2M and the HLA-I loci in 80% (34 of 42) of MHC-INEG tumors. Furthermore, 70% (22 of 32) of MHC-IPOS DLBCLs harbored monoallelic HLA-I genetic alterations (MHC-IPOS/mono), indicating allele-specific inactivation. MHC-INEG and MHC-IPOS/mono cases harbored significantly higher mutational burden and inferred neoantigen load, suggesting potential coselection of HLA-I loss and sustained neoantigen production. Notably, the analysis of >500,000 individuals across different cancer types revealed common germline HLA-I homozygosity, preferentially in DLBCL. In mice, germinal-center B cells lacking HLA-I expression did not progress to lymphoma and were counterselected in the context of oncogene-driven lymphomagenesis, suggesting that additional events are needed to license immune evasion. These results suggest a multistep process of HLA-I loss in DLBCL development including both germline and somatic events, and have direct implications for the pathogenesis and immunotherapeutic targeting of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fangazio
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Erik Ladewig
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Karen Gomez
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | | | - Rahul Kumar
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | | | - Davide Rossi
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Oncology Research, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Science, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Ioan Filip
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - German Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert Bosch Krankenhaus, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Annette M Staiger
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert Bosch Krankenhaus, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart and University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Björn Chapuy
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gianluca Gaidano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Hematology, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Katia Basso
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Laura Pasqualucci
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032;
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Riccardo Dalla-Favera
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032;
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lin JM, Hsu CH, Chen JC, Kao SH, Lin YC. BCL-6 promotes the methylation of miR-34a by recruiting EZH2 and upregulating CTRP9 to protect ischemic myocardial injury. Biofactors 2021; 47:386-402. [PMID: 33502806 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the following heart failure are public health problems faced all over the globe. The current study set out to investigate the role of B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL-6) in cardiac protection after AMI. Initially, AMI mouse models and H9c2 cell oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) models were established. The cell models were transfected with the vectors containing oe-BCL-6, oe-EZH2, sh-EZH2, miR-34a mimic, and miR-34a inhibitor. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were applied to detect the expression patterns of microRNA-34a (miR-34a), BCL-6, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 (CTRP9) in the treated cell models. ChIP-qPCR and co-immunoprecipitation assay were performed to detect EZH2 enrichment and H3K27me3 levels in the miR-34a promoter region and the interaction between BCL-2 and EZH2, respectively. EdU staining, TUNEL staining, and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis, while ELISA was conducted to detect the oxidative stress levels. It was found that miR-34a was highly expressed in heart tissues of AMI models, while BCL-6 and EZH2 were poorly expressed. BCL-2 overexpression increased the recruitment of EZH2, upregulated H3K27me3 level in the miR-34a promoter region, and inhibited the miR-34a expression. Ctrp9, the downstream negative-regulatory molecule of miR-34a, was upregulated. Besides, miR-34a/CTRP9 expression changes were found to affect cardiomyocyte apoptosis, oxidation stress, and proliferation, and prevent myocardial injury in AMI mice. Our findings indicate that BCL-6 increases the level of H3K27me3 in the promoter region of miR-34a via EZH2 recruitment and CTRP9 upregulation, which inhibits the apoptosis of myocardial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Miin Lin
- Surgical Department Cardiovascular Division, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsiang Hsu
- Surgical Department Cardiovascular Division, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jeen-Chen Chen
- Surgical Department Cardiovascular Division, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - You-Cian Lin
- Surgical Department Cardiovascular Division, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhang Y, Ma L, Liu J, Zhu H, Lu L, Deng K, Ma W, Pan H, Wang R, Yao Y. Case Report: Identification of Potential Prognosis-Related TP53 Mutation and BCL6-LPP Fusion in Primary Pituitary Lymphoma by Next Generation Sequencing: Two Cases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:673908. [PMID: 34381423 PMCID: PMC8350335 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.673908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary pituitary lymphoma (PPL) is an extremely rare disease with poor prognosis. Although PPL has been shown to be different from classical primary central nervous system lymphoma because of the embryological origin of structures, individual and precise treatment of PPL remains unknown. METHODS A 61-year-old man and a 65-year-old woman both diagnosed with primary pituitary diffuse large B cell lymphoma underwent genetic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and tumor tissue by next generation sequencing. RESULTS In the first case, partial remission was achieved following R²-MTX chemotherapy. In the other case with TP53 mutation and BCL6-LPP fusion, disease progressed although different chemotherapy regimens were given. CONCLUSION The gene mutation of TP53 and BCL6 may be identified as a marker responsible for prognostic difference in patients with PPL. Genetic analysis may provide a novel approach for precise management and prognosis prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kan Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Renzhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Yao,
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cao J, Wang S, Wei C, Lin H, Zhang C, Gao Y, Xu Z, Cheng Z, Sun WC, Wang HB. Agrimophol suppresses RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis through Blimp1-Bcl6 axis and prevents inflammatory bone loss in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 90:107137. [PMID: 33199235 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Excessive activity of osteoclasts causes many bone-related diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. Agrimophol (AGR), a phenolic compound, originated from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. In prior studies, AGR is reported to possess schistosomicidal and mycobactericidal activities. However, no reports covered its anti-osteoclastogenesis characteristic. In this study, we found that AGR inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, bone-resorption, F-actin ring formation, and the mRNA expression of osteoclast-associated genes such as CTSK, TRAP, MMP-9, and ATP6v0d2 in vitro. In addition, AGR suppressed RANKL-induced expression of c-Fos and NFATc1. However, AGR treatment did not affect NF-κB activation and MAPKs phosphorylation in RANKL-stimulated BMMs, which implicated that AGR might not influence the initial expression of NFATc1 mediated by NF-κB and MAPKs signaling. Our results further indicated that AGR did not alter phosphorylation levels of GSK3β and the expression of calcineurin, which implicated that AGR treatment might not interfere with phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation of NFATc1 mediated by GSK3β and calcineurin, respectively. B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp1), which was regarded as a transcriptional repressor of negative regulators of osteoclastogenesis, was markedly attenuated in the presence of AGR, leading to the enhanced expression of B-cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl-6). Meanwhile, Blimp1 knockdown in BMMs by siRNA strongly enhanced the expression of Bcl6 and reduced NFATc1 induction by RANKL. These findings suggested that AGR inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation through Blimp1-Bcl-6 signaling mediated modulation of NFATc1 and its target genes. Consistent with these in vitro results, AGR exhibited a protective influence in an in vivo mouse model of LPS-induced bone loss by suppressing excessive osteoclast activity and attenuating LPS-induced bone destruction. Hence, these results identified that AGR could be considered as a potential therapeutic agent against bone lysis disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Cao
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaoming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changchun People's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Congmin Wei
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hongru Lin
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yehui Gao
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zixian Xu
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhou Cheng
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Wan-Chun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Wang
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ritter A, Safdar BK, Jasmer B, Kreis NN, Friemel A, Roth S, Solbach C, Louwen F, Yuan J. The Function of Oncogene B-Cell Lymphoma 6 in the Regulation of the Migration and Invasion of Trophoblastic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218393. [PMID: 33182312 PMCID: PMC7664908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human placentation is a highly invasive process. Deficiency in the invasiveness of trophoblasts is associated with a spectrum of gestational diseases, such as preeclampsia (PE). The oncogene B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is involved in the migration and invasion of various malignant cells. Intriguingly, its expression is deregulated in preeclamptic placentas. We have reported that BCL6 is required for the proliferation, survival, fusion, and syncytialization of trophoblasts. In the present work, we show that the inhibition of BCL6, either by its gene silencing or by using specific small molecule inhibitors, impairs the migration and invasion of trophoblastic cells, by reducing cell adhesion and compromising the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, the suppression of BCL6 weakens the signals of the phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase, Akt/protein kinase B, and extracellular regulated kinase 1/2, accompanied by more stationary, but less migratory, cells. Interestingly, transcriptomic analyses reveal that a small interfering RNA-induced reduction of BCL6 decreases the levels of numerous genes, such as p21 activated kinase 1, myosin light chain kinase, and gamma actin related to cell adhesion, actin dynamics, and cell migration. These data suggest BCL6 as a crucial player in the migration and invasion of trophoblasts in the early stages of placental development through the regulation of various genes associated with the migratory machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ritter
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (J.Y.); Tel.: +49-69-6301-83297 (A.R.); +49-69-6301-5819 (J.Y.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juping Yuan
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (J.Y.); Tel.: +49-69-6301-83297 (A.R.); +49-69-6301-5819 (J.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gong Y, Suzuki T, Kozono H, Kubo M, Nakano N. Tumor-infiltrating CD62L+PD-1-CD8 T cells retain proliferative potential via Bcl6 expression and replenish effector T cells within the tumor. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237646. [PMID: 32845913 PMCID: PMC7449457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor antigen–primed CD8 T cells differentiate into effector T cells that kill tumor cells rapidly, whereas durable responses of CD8 T cells are required to cope with long-lasting tumor growth. However, it is not well known how persisting CD8 T cells are generated. In this study, we analyzed CD8 T cells primed by antigens in tumor-draining lymph nodes and found that CD8 T cells first differentiated into a CD62L-intermediate (CD62Lint) stage upon antigen stimulation. These cells gave rise to tumor-infiltrating CD62L-CD44high Bcl6- effector T cells and CD62L+CD44highBcl6+ memory-like T cells. Memory-like T cells within the tumor expressed CD127, CXCR3 and had the potential to proliferate significantly when they were transferred into tumor-bearing mice. Bcl6 expression in these T cells was critical because Bcl6-/-CD62L+CD44highCD8T cells within the tumor were defective in expansion after secondary transfer. Taken together, our findings show that CD62L+CD44highBcl6+ cells are generated from highly proliferating CD62Lint T cells and retain high proliferative potential, which contributes to replenishment of effector T cells within the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gong
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Suzuki
- School of Medicine and Faculty of Medical Technology, General Medical Education and Research Center, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruo Kozono
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakano
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang J, Shi Y, Zhao M, Hu H, Huang H. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase overexpression in double-hit lymphoma: potential target for novel anticancer therapy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14164. [PMID: 32843697 PMCID: PMC7447639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is one kind of the mutant enzymes, which target regulating the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene in Burkitt's lymphoma to initiate class switch recombination (CSR), resulting in c-Myc chromosomal translocation. However, it is not clear that whether AID induces c-Myc/IgH translocation in double-hit lymphoma (DHL) with c-Myc gene translocation. In this study, the AID in DHL tissues and classical diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tissues were compared. The results suggested that AID is of important value in predicting DHL, stronger CSR of AID was observed in DHL patients, which exhibited AID overexpression and c-Myc gene translocation of DHL after CSR induction. It is concluded that AID directly induces CSR in DHL and may result in c-Myc gene translocation. Targeting AID may be a good treatment regimen for DHL.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cytidine Deaminase/biosynthesis
- Cytidine Deaminase/genetics
- Cytidine Deaminase/physiology
- Enzyme Induction/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, bcl-2
- Genes, myc
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Class Switching/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Isotypes/biosynthesis
- Immunoglobulin Isotypes/blood
- Immunoglobulin Isotypes/genetics
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Ki-67 Antigen/genetics
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/enzymology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hematology, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University (Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital), Jinhua, 321100, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifen Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University (Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital), Jinhua, 321100, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixian Hu
- Department of Hematology, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University (Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital), Jinhua, 321100, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejian, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Alhumaid MS, Dasouki MJ, Ahmed SO, AbalKhail H, Hagos S, Wakil S, Hashmi SK. Comprehensive Genomic Analysis of Noonan Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Adults: A Review and Future Directions. Acta Haematol 2020; 143:583-593. [PMID: 32541138 DOI: 10.1159/000505715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the setting of Noonan syndrome (NS) has been reported before without clear guidelines for treatment or prognosis in these subgroups of patients, most likely due to its rarity and incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of both diseases. In the current era of next-generation sequencing-based genomic analysis, we can better identify patients with NS with more accurate AML-related prognostic markers. Germline mutations in PTPN11 are the most common cause of NS. Somatic mutations in NPM1 occur frequently in AML. Here, we describe a young adult patient with a novel combined germline PTPN11 and somatic NPM1, IDH1,and BCL6 mutations who presented with fatal AML. In addition, a 50.5-Mb interstitial deletion of 7q21.11-q33 in tumor DNA was detected by chromosomal microarray analysis. While mutations in the transcriptional repressor BCL6 are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), its novel identification in this patient suggests an expanded role in aggressive AML. The identification of key molecular aberrations including the overexpression of SHP2, which drives leukemogenesis and tumorigenesis, has led to the development of novel investigational targeted SHP2 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhned S Alhumaid
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed J Dasouki
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Human Genome Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed O Ahmed
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Halah AbalKhail
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samya Hagos
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Wakil
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Department of Adult Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhou Tran Y, Minozada R, Cao X, Johansson HJ, Branca RM, Seashore-Ludlow B, Orre LM. Immediate Adaptation Analysis Implicates BCL6 as an EGFR-TKI Combination Therapy Target in NSCLC. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:928-943. [PMID: 32234966 PMCID: PMC7261823 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major obstacle to curative cancer therapies, and increased understanding of the molecular events contributing to resistance would enable better prediction of therapy response, as well as contribute to new targets for combination therapy. Here we have analyzed the early molecular response to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition using RNA sequencing data covering 13,486 genes and mass spectrometry data covering 10,138 proteins. This analysis revealed a massive response to EGFR inhibition already within the first 24 h, including significant regulation of hundreds of genes known to control downstream signaling, such as transcription factors, kinases, phosphatases and ubiquitin E3-ligases. Importantly, this response included upregulation of key genes in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways that promote proliferation and survival, such as ERBB3, FGFR2, JAK3, and BCL6, indicating an early adaptive response to EGFR inhibition. Using a library of more than 500 approved and experimental compounds in a combination therapy screen, we could show that several kinase inhibitors with targets including JAK3 and FGFR2 increased the response to EGFR inhibitors. Further, we investigated the functional impact of BCL6 upregulation in response to EGFR inhibition using siRNA-based silencing of BCL6. Proteomics profiling revealed that BCL6 inhibited transcription of multiple target genes including p53, resulting in reduced apoptosis which implicates BCL6 upregulation as a new EGFR inhibitor treatment escape mechanism. Finally, we demonstrate that combined treatment targeting both EGFR and BCL6 act synergistically in killing lung cancer cells. In conclusion, or data indicates that multiple different adaptive mechanisms may act in concert to blunt the cellular impact of EGFR inhibition, and we suggest BCL6 as a potential target for EGFR inhibitor-based combination therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou Tran
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rezan Minozada
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaofang Cao
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik J Johansson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rui M Branca
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brinton Seashore-Ludlow
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lukas M Orre
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|