1
|
Kerkar A, Gupta P, Azeez A, Bhatia A, Gupta N, Bansal D. Decoding the rhabdoid riddle in liver: A rare case of primary hepatic malignant rhabdoid tumor with a comprehensive literature review. Diagn Cytopathol 2024; 52:E69-E75. [PMID: 38059387 DOI: 10.1002/dc.25263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the liver is a rare, highly aggressive primary hepatic malignancy occurring primarily in infants. Establishing a definitive diagnosis is challenging due to its rarity, non-specific clinicoradiologic findings, and overlapping morphologic features. Herein, we present the cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical characteristics of a rare case of primary hepatic Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) in an infant. A 5-month-old female child presented with progressively increasing firm mass in the upper abdomen, progressive pallor, sudden onset respiratory distress, and difficulty feeding. On examination, the child had massive, firm nodular hepatomegaly. Ultrasonography of the abdomen revealed a heterogeneously hypoechoic lesion in the left lobe of the liver. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were within normal limits. An ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from the liver mass showed predominantly dispersed large, markedly pleomorphic tumor cells with round to oval eccentrically placed nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and moderate cytoplasm. On immunocytochemistry, tumor cells showed positivity for vimentin, cytokeratin, and EMA and demonstrated a loss of INI1, confirming the diagnosis of MRT. The index report highlights the distinctive clinicopathological features of a hepatic malignant rhabdoid tumor along with the key differential diagnoses, which may pose a diagnostic conundrum. A high index of clinical suspicion and a thorough understanding of its cytomorphological and immunochemical characteristics are crucial for an accurate diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aadya Kerkar
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parikshaa Gupta
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajmeera Azeez
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anmol Bhatia
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nalini Gupta
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak Bansal
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Charles AJ, Smith VL, Goodwin CR, Johnson MO. An adult with recurrent atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor of the spine. CNS Oncol 2024; 13:CNS105. [PMID: 38380555 DOI: 10.2217/cns-2023-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) are rare and highly malignant CNS neoplasms primarily affecting children. Adult cases are extremely uncommon, with only approximately 92 reported. Spinal AT/RT in adults is particularly rare. Here, we present the case of a 50-year-old patient diagnosed with AT/RT of the spine. Initially, they were diagnosed and treated for a spinal ependymoma. However, after 10 years, a recurrence was detected through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the tumor was reclassified as AT/RT. We discuss the significance of SMARCB1 gene mutations in diagnosing AT/RT and describe our unique treatment approach involving surgery, radiation and anti-PD1 therapy in this patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa L Smith
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - C Rory Goodwin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Margaret O Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gader G, Slimane A, Sliti F, Badri M, Zammel I. Paediatric Rhabdoid Meningioma: Clinical and Therapeutic Features Findings - Case Series of 3 Patients. Pediatr Neurosurg 2023; 59:20-26. [PMID: 38091966 DOI: 10.1159/000535715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paediatric rhabdoid meningioma (RM) is the rarest but most aggressive subtype of meningioma, related to a severe prognosis. They account for 1-3% of all intracranial meningiomas. CASE PRESENTATIONS We report an institutional experience of 3 cases through which we discuss clinical, histological, and therapeutic features of this tumour. Two of our patients were female-gendered (3 years old and 1 year and 6 months old), and one was male-gendered (16 years old). Revealing symptoms were related to intracranial hypertension, cerebellar syndrome, cranial nerve palsy, and skull tumefaction. Imaging showed extra-axial tumour located in the right ponto-cerebellar angle in the first case, in the left occipital region in the second case, left parietal tumour in the third case. All patients underwent a surgical intervention with a gross total resection. Histological evaluation supported by immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of RM. Tumour recurrence was observed at 45 days in the first case with a fatal outcome. Despite adjuvant radiotherapy, both second and third cases had local recurrence after a mean follow-up of 1 month following the radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS RM is very aggressive tumours. Standardized therapeutic guidelines are still under debate as actual approaches are still inefficient to prevent quick recurrence and fatal outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghassen Gader
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia
| | | | - Firas Sliti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Badri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia
| | - Ihsèn Zammel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hua Y, Youens KE, Castro E, Wang D, Hodjat P, Shan Y. Autopsy findings in a 6-month-old infant with rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome 1: Case report with literature review. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:1040-1043. [PMID: 37952236 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Hua
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Kenneth E Youens
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Eduardo Castro
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Parsa Hodjat
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Yuan Shan
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center and Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wen G, Shou T, Song L, Chen K. Neonatal malignant rhabdoid tumor of the neck. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:4431-4432. [PMID: 37137779 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tiejun Shou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Biswas A, Ghosh V, Roy S, Tandon V, Sharma S, Narwal A, Sharma MC, Bakhshi S. Spinal atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor-narrative review and report of a rare case managed with multimodality approach. Childs Nerv Syst 2023; 39:2019-2026. [PMID: 37160436 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-05977-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is an extremely rare tumor and represents less than 2% of all AT/RTs. METHODS Available medical literature on spinal AT/RT in English was retrieved from PubMed and comprehensively reviewed. Clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, prognosis, and outcome in patients with spinal AT/RT have been elucidated by citing a case of extradural AT/RT of the cervicodorsal spine. RESULTS The age at presentation is usually less than 3 years. The most common site is the cervicodorsal spine. The most frequent tumor location is intradural extramedullary. A contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the entire neuraxis is the imaging modality of choice. The incidence of leptomeningeal dissemination is high (15-30%). Histopathological examination shows an admixture of primitive neuroectodermal, mesenchymal, and epithelial elements along with rhabdoid cells. Loss of SMARCB1/INI1 is considered pathognomonic of AT/RT. Maximal safe resection of tumor is the initial management of choice. Thereafter focal radiotherapy for localized tumor or craniospinal irradiation for leptomeningeal dissemination should be considered. Post-operative intensive polychemotherapy including intrathecal and high-dose chemotherapy (with autologous stem cell rescue) is usually considered to optimize survival. Typically, the time to recurrence and overall survival are less than 6 and 12 months, respectively. However, with judicious multimodality management long-term survivors are increasingly being recognized. The illustrative patient was a 18-month-old girl diagnosed with extradural AT/RT of the cervicodorsal spine (C3-D1), who was managed with maximal safe resection of tumor, multiagent chemotherapy (ICE-ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide) and focal RT to the tumor bed-50.4 Gy/28 fractions/5.5 weeks. At the last follow-up visit, 30 months after surgery, she had complete clinicoradiological response. CONCLUSION Multimodal treatment comprising maximal safe resection of tumor, multiagent chemotherapy (ICE), and focal RT can lead to successful outcome in patients with localized spinal AT/RT, under the age of 3 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahitagni Biswas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansarinagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Vivek Ghosh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansarinagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Swarnaditya Roy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansarinagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vivek Tandon
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansarinagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Anubhav Narwal
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mehar Chand Sharma
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiao Z, Lu W, Dong A, Wang Y. FDG PET/CT Findings of Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor Arising From a Renal Allograft. Clin Nucl Med 2023; 48:635-637. [PMID: 37200409 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000004657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney is a rare aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. We describe FDG PET/CT findings in a case of malignant rhabdoid tumor of the renal allograft with regional lymph node and pulmonary metastases. The primary renal tumor and lymph node metastases showed intense FDG uptake. The pulmonary metastases showed minimal FDG uptake due to small size. Posttreatment FDG PET/CT showed no evidence of residual disease. This case suggests that FDG PET/CT may be useful in the management of malignant rhabdoid tumor from the transplanted kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Xiao
- From the Department of Radiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Wenjie Lu
- From the Department of Radiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Aisheng Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gonçalves FG, Zandifar A, Ub Kim JD, Tierradentro-García LO, Ghosh A, Khrichenko D, Andronikou S, Vossough A. Application of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Histogram Metrics for Differentiation of Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors : A Large Retrospective Study and Brief Review of Literature. Clin Neuroradiol 2022; 32:1097-1108. [PMID: 35674799 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-022-01179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the application of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis to differentiate posterior fossa tumors (PFTs) in children. METHODS A total of 175 pediatric patients with PFT, including 75 pilocytic astrocytomas (PA), 59 medulloblastomas, 16 ependymomas, and 13 atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT), were analyzed. Tumors were visually assessed using DWI trace and conventional MRI images and manually segmented and post-processed using parametric software (pMRI). Furthermore, tumor ADC values were normalized to the thalamus and cerebellar cortex. The following histogram metrics were obtained: entropy, minimum, 10th, and 90th percentiles, maximum, mean, median, skewness, and kurtosis to distinguish the different types of tumors. Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to evaluate the differences. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to determine the optimal cut-off values for differentiating the various PFTs. RESULTS Most ADC histogram metrics showed significant differences between PFTs (p < 0.001) except for entropy, skewness, and kurtosis. There were significant pairwise differences in ADC metrics for PA versus medulloblastoma, PA versus ependymoma, PA versus ATRT, medulloblastoma versus ependymoma, and ependymoma versus ATRT (all p < 0.05). Our results showed no significant differences between medulloblastoma and ATRT. Normalized ADC data showed similar results to the absolute ADC value analysis. ROC curve analysis for normalized ADCmedian values to thalamus showed 94.9% sensitivity (95% CI: 85-100%) and 93.3% specificity (95% CI: 87-100%) for differentiating medulloblastoma from ependymoma. CONCLUSION ADC histogram metrics can be applied to differentiate most types of posterior fossa tumors in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Guimarães Gonçalves
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alireza Zandifar
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jorge Du Ub Kim
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Adarsh Ghosh
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dmitry Khrichenko
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Savvas Andronikou
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arastoo Vossough
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shen G, Wang R, Pan L, Kuang A. Malignant Extrarenal Rhabdoid Tumor of the Vagina on FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:1020-1021. [PMID: 34115702 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Malignant rhabdoid tumor is an aggressive neoplasm commonly arising from the kidney during infancy and childhood. Extrarenal forms of this tumor are relatively rare and have been reported in several extrarenal sites including central nervous system, liver, bladder, vulva, and head and neck. Hereby, we present FDG PET/CT findings of malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor originating from the vagina in an 8-year-old girl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Shen
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schenone CV, King A, Castro E, Ketwaroo P, Donepudi R, Sanz-Cortes M. Prenatal detection of disseminated extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor with placental metastases. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:1008-1010. [PMID: 32621313 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C V Schenone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - A King
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Castro
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Ketwaroo
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Division of Fetal and Neonatal Imaging, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Donepudi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Fetal Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Sanz-Cortes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Fetal Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hua Y, Soni P, Larsen D, Zreik R, Leng B, Rampisela D. SMARCB1/INI1-deficient pancreatic undifferentiated rhabdoid carcinoma mimicking solid pseudopapillary neoplasm: A case report and review of the literature. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:5520-5526. [PMID: 33024402 PMCID: PMC7520612 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i36.5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SMARCB1/INI1-deficient pancreatic undifferentiated rhabdoid carcinoma is a very aggressive tumor that is rarely reported in the literature. The tumor has a predominant rhabdoid cell component and different patterns of growth have been reported.
CASE SUMMARY A 59-year-old woman presented with diffuse abdominal pain, increasing in severity and accompanied by weight loss, nausea, and vomiting. Imaging showed a pancreatic head mass. Fine needle aspiration demonstrated atypical epithelioid cells with a pseudopapillary growth pattern suggestive of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm. The excised neoplasm showed monotonous epithelioid and focally spindle cells with pseudopapillary structures, rhabdoid features, and loss of SMARCB1 protein expression with wild-type KRAS, consistent with a SMARCB1/INI1-deficient undifferentiated rhabdoid carcinoma. The patient’s condition deteriorated rapidly following surgery and she expired 3 mo post operation.
CONCLUSION In this article, we report the first case of SMARCB1/INI1-deficient undifferentiated pancreatic rhabdoid carcinoma mimicking solid pseudopapillary neoplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Hua
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, United States
| | - Piyush Soni
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, United States
| | - Douglas Larsen
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, United States
| | - Riyam Zreik
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, United States
| | - Bing Leng
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, United States
| | - Debby Rampisela
- Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pasricha S, Durga G, Gupta G, Jajodia A, Koyyala VPB, Sharma A, Kamboj M, Gupta M, Mehta A. Primary Malignant Rhabdoid Tumour of the Liver in Adult Male: a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 52:738-741. [PMID: 32789765 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Pasricha
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector v, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Garima Durga
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector v, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India.
| | - Gurudutt Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector v, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Ankush Jajodia
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Sector v, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Venkata Pradeep Babu Koyyala
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Sector v, New Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Anila Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector v, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Meenakshi Kamboj
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector v, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Manoj Gupta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector v, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Anurag Mehta
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector v, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ishisaka E, Usami K, Kiyotani C, Terashima K, Ogiwara H. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs). Childs Nerv Syst 2020; 36:721-727. [PMID: 31745641 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-019-04422-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a rare, clinically highly malignant tumor. The extent of the surgical resection may affect survival. However, it is often difficult to perform gross total resection (GTR) at an initial surgery because of the large tumor size and high vascularity. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may reduce not only the size but also the vascularity. We report our experience, review the literature, and analyze its effectiveness. METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and second-look surgery was performed. Demographic data, treatment courses, changes in tumor after the chemotherapy, extent of resection and estimated blood loss (EBL) during the second-look surgery, and outcome of each children were evaluated. RESULTS There are 4 cases. The average age at diagnosis was 13.3 months (2-30 months). Two to 4 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were performed. MRI after the chemotherapy showed reduction of tumor volume, and tumor vascularity at the second-look surgery decreased in all cases. GTR was achieved in 3 cases, and NTR in 1 case. The mean EBL/estimated blood volume (EBL/EBV) was 21.3% (1.5-39%). The mean follow-up period was 23 months (2-48 months). At the last follow-up, 2 patients were alive without recurrence of the tumor (the follow-up periods were 48 and 16 months). CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for AT/RTs might reduce both tumor size and vascularity, which enabled the maximal tumor resection. It may contribute to improve the prognosis of AT/RT through facilitating the tumor resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eitaro Ishisaka
- Division of Neurosurgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Usami
- Division of Neurosurgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Kiyotani
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Terashima
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Ogiwara
- Division of Neurosurgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Meena RK, Doddamani RS, Chipde H, Mahajan S, Chandra SP, Sawarkar DP. Primary spinal atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour presenting with hematomyelia and subarachnoid haemorrhage-a case report. Childs Nerv Syst 2020; 36:655-659. [PMID: 31664561 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-019-04412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours (AT/RTs) are highly aggressive and uncommon malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting children younger than 3 years of age. Primary spinal cord involvement is an extremely rare presentation. AT/RTs show necrosis and haemorrhages on histopathology frequently. However, spinal atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour (AT/RT) with hematomyelia and spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), as seen in our case, has never been reported in the literature in the paediatric age group. We report a case of primary spinal AT/RT in a 3-year-old male child presenting acutely with hematomyelia and spinal SAH and try to elucidate its pathophysiological basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Meena
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110049, India
| | - Ramesh S Doddamani
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110049, India.
| | - Harshad Chipde
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110049, India
| | - Swati Mahajan
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110049, India
| | - Sarat P Chandra
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110049, India
| | - Dattaraj P Sawarkar
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110049, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shin HJ, Kwak JY, Lee E, Lee MJ, Yoon H, Han K, Kim MJ. Texture Analysis to Differentiate Malignant Renal Tumors in Children Using Gray-Scale Ultrasonography Images. Ultrasound Med Biol 2019; 45:2205-2212. [PMID: 31076232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the feasibility of texture analysis to differentiate Wilms tumor, clear cell sarcoma and rhabdoid tumor of the kidney in children using gray-scale ultrasonography images. Children who had pre-operative renal ultrasonography images of the three tumors from January 2002 to February 2017 were retrospectively included as the test set, and children with the same criteria from March 2017 to December 2018 were included as the validation set. From histogram and second-order statistics, features were compared between the tumors, and diagnostic performances were assessed. Among a total of 32 children (24 children with Wilms tumors, five children with clear cell sarcomas and three children with rhabdoid tumors) from the test set, features from the second-order statistics showed an area under the curve greater than 0.89 for differentiating Wilms tumor from the others. These features aided in the differentiation of tumor type in the two children with Wilms tumors in the validation set. Therefore, texture analysis from gray-scale ultrasonography images can be used to differentiate Wilms tumors from clear cell sarcomas and rhabdoid tumors in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Kwak
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Computational Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Lee
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haesung Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Han
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Joon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Györke E, Vargáné Németh A, Balogh M, Masát P, Benyó G, Reiniger L, Nagy G, Hauser P. [Aspects of nutrition therapy of an infant with central nervous system tumour]. Magy Onkol 2018; 62:237-241. [PMID: 30540866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour (ATRT) is a rare type of central nervous system tumour appearing usually under 2 years of age. The survival of patients is insufficient despite the combined treatment (neurosurgical removal, intensive chemo- and radiotherapy). ATRT recurs one year after completion of treatment in 60% of cases. Maintaining appropriate nutritional status during treatment is of great importance in this young age group. Nutritional treatment of patients with ATRT is especially difficult due to young age and possible neurological sequelae. A successful case of a three-month-old female infant is presented, with special emphasis on the importance of feeding therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Györke
- Csecsemõ- és Gyermekgyógyászati Osztály, Markusovszky Egyetemi Oktatókórház, Gyermek-onkohematológiai centrum, Szombathely, Hungary.
| | - Anita Vargáné Németh
- Csecsemõ- és Gyermekgyógyászati Osztály, Markusovszky Egyetemi Oktatókórház, Dietetika, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Márta Balogh
- Csecsemõ- és Gyermekgyógyászati Osztály, Markusovszky Egyetemi Oktatókórház, Gyermek-gasztroenterológia, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Péter Masát
- Csecsemõ- és Gyermekgyógyászati Osztály, Markusovszky Egyetemi Oktatókórház, Gyermek-onkohematológiai centrum, Szombathely, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Benyó
- Csecsemõ- és Gyermekgyógyászati Osztály, Markusovszky Egyetemi Oktatókórház, Gyermek-onkohematológiai centrum, Szombathely, Hungary.
| | - Lilla Reiniger
- I. Sz. Patológiai és Kísérleti Rákkutató Intézet, Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nagy
- Országos Klinikai Idegtudományi Intézet, Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hauser
- II. Sz. Gyermekgyógyászati Klinika, Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
This study aims to analyze and summarize the imaging features of spinal atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) in children.Imaging features in 8 children with spinal AT/RT confirmed by surgical pathology were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had underwent total spine 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 64-slice spiral computed tomography (CT). Among these 8 patients, head MR non-enhanced and spinal enhanced scanning was applied to 5 patients, while CT examination was applied to 3 patients.All 8 patients were characterized by cauda equina syndrome. The lesions of 7 patients were in the thoracolumbar spinal junction, while the lesion of the remaining patient was in the lumbar spine. Furthermore, among these patients, the lesions of 5 patients were limited to the intraspinal canal (1 lesion in the epidural space, and 4 lesions in the subdural space), while the lesions of 3 patients invaded the paravertebra (2 lesions in the epidural space and 1 lesion in the subdural space). Three or more spinal segments were invaded by tumors in 7 patients, while sacral canal was affected in 5 patients. All 8 patients experienced bleeding in the tumors. Enhanced MRI revealed meningeal enhancement in 6 patients, and bilateral nerve root enhancement in 4 patients. The masses in 3 patients brought damages to the intervertebral foramen or sacral pore. The lesion of 1 patient was featured by skip growth. One patient had total spinal metastasis and 3 had hydrocephalus. The masses in 2 patients had a slightly low density when detected by CT, and enhanced scanning revealed a mild to moderate enhancement.Spinal AR/TR had the following characteristics: children were characterized by cauda equina syndrome; the mass that invaded the thoracolumbar spinal junction and the extramedullary space of multiple segments grew along the spinal longitudinal axis; bleeding mass was revealed in MRI imaging; meninges, nerve root, and sacral canal metastases occurred. The gold standard for the definite diagnosis of AT/RT is biopsy combined with immunohistochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zheng-Rong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhabdoid tumors are highly malignant tumors predominantly affecting the pediatric population. When these tumors occur outside of the kidneys, they are referred to as malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumors (MERT), a rare highly aggressive subtype. Less commonly, these tumors involve the neuro-axis. OBJECTIVE Here we present a case of a 15-year-old girl with intradural MERT of the lumbosacral spine who presented with back pain, sudden worsening of lower extremity strength, and complete loss of bowel and bladder control. RESULTS The patient's tumor showed loss of INI-1 and negative staining for cytokeratin AE1AE3, CD99, and SOX10. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, there are no previous case reports of MERT with intradural lumbosacral spinal involvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Justin Garling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine blvd, Suite 6E, Neurosurgery, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
| | | | - Carolyn Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine blvd, Suite 6E, Neurosurgery, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Abilash Haridas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, 4201 St. Antoine blvd, Suite 6E, Neurosurgery, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Affiliation(s)
- Serhan Kupeli
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jeong J, Kim NR, Lee SG. Crush cytology of a primary intraspinal rhabdoid papillary meningioma: a case report. Acta Cytol 2013; 57:528-33. [PMID: 24021412 DOI: 10.1159/000353804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both rhabdoid and papillary meningioma are rare variants of meningioma categorized as WHO grade III. Here, we report a rare case of combined rhabdoid papillary meningioma with discussion of its differential intraoperative cytologic diagnoses. CASE The patient was a 72-year-old female who presented with a huge mass at the cervical spine on MRI. The crush smears showed a radially arranged pattern of elongated tumor cells centered around the vessels, which formed a pseudorosette-like papillary structure, as well as singly scattered large gemistocyte-like rhabdoid cells with distinct cell borders. Rhabdoid cells had eccentrically placed vesicular nuclei with plump, fibrillary-to-hyaline cytoplasm with short broad processes. Nuclei had occasional nuclear inclusions with no nuclear grooves. CONCLUSION Rhabdoid papillary meningiomas, encountered less often, should be distinguished from metastatic tumors of rhabdoid or papillary configuration, astrocytomas, ependymomas and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor. Search for eosinophilic hyaline cytoplasm, rather than a fibrillary one, is critical for distinguishing it from other commonly encountered spinal cord tumors in the total absence of meningothelial whorls, like the present case. We also emphasize that the present case is the first case of rhabdoid papillary meningioma with primary manifestation in the spinal cord.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhyeon Jeong
- Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Norsarwany M, Abdelrahman Z, Rahmah N, Ariffin N, Norsyahida A, Madihah B, Zeehaida M. Symptomatic chronic strongyloidiasis in children following treatment for solid organ malignancies: case reports and literature review. Trop Biomed 2012; 29:479-488. [PMID: 23018511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Strongyloidiasis is an infection caused by the intestinal nematode Strongyloides stercoralis. Infected healthy individuals are usually asymptomatic, however it is potentially fatal in immunocompromised hosts due to its capacity to cause an overwhelming hyperinfection. Strongyloidiasis could be missed during routine screening because of low and intermittent larval output in stool and variable manifestations of the symptoms. We present two cases of strongyloidiasis occurring in children with solid organ malignancies suspected to have the infection based on their clinical conditions and treatment history for cancer. Both patients were diagnosed by molecular and serological tests and were successfully treated. Thus, strongyloidiasis in patients undergoing intensive treatment for malignancies should be suspected, properly investigated and treated accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Norsarwany
- Department of Pediatric, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Demir HA, Kaçar A, Emir S, Cihan BS, Tunç B. Multiple axillary-infraclavicular lymph node metastasis from malignant rhabdoid tumor of unknown primary site. Turk J Pediatr 2012; 54:305-308. [PMID: 23094545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT) mostly originate from the kidney and central nervous system. However, they may also originate from retroperitoneal and paravertebral regions, mediastinum, liver, chest wall, extremity, and neck, as well as from the soft tissues. The most important method in the differential diagnosis is the analysis of cytogenetic alterations in the INI1 gene. A six-month-old girl presented with multiple conglomerated lymphadenopathies located in the anterior axillary line. MRT diagnosis was confirmed by loss of INI1 expression in the tumor tissue. This is the first case in the literature with unknown primary focus diagnosed from lymph node metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haci Ahmet Demir
- Divisions of Pediatric Oncology, Ankara Children's Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pohl U, Dean AF, Ichimura K, Liu L, Nicholson J, Cross J, Collins VP. Genomic analysis of chromosome 22 in synchronous and histologically distinct intracranial tumours in a child. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2010; 36:359-63. [PMID: 20345646 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2010.01085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
24
|
Rosol M, Harutyunyan I, Xu J, Melendez E, Smbatyan G, Finlay JL, Krieger MD, Gonzalez-Gomez I, Reynolds CP, Nelson MD, Erdreich-Epstein A, Blüml S. Metabolism of orthotopic mouse brain tumor models. Mol Imaging 2009; 8:199-208. [PMID: 19728974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine whether orthotopic mouse brain tumors grown as xenografts in immunocompromised mice either from human brain tumor cells implanted immediately after surgery or from cultured human tumor lines show metabolic profiles comparable to those of the original tumors. Using a 7 T scanner, spectra were acquired from mice with a human atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) either implanted directly from the surgical specimen or first grown in culture, directly implanted choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC), and two medulloblastoma cell lines. The results were compared with spectra from these same tumors or tumor types in patients and with controls. Metabolic variability of tumors from a single cell line was also evaluated using the medulloblastoma lines. The main metabolic features of human tumors were qualitatively replicated in xenografts. AT/RTs in mice exhibited choline, creatine, and myo-inositol levels comparable to those observed in the patient. As in patients, choline was prominent in experimental CPC. Tumors from a single cell line were comparable. Significant correlations were found with key metabolites in humans and mice; however, differences including lower lipids in the implanted AT/RTs than in patient spectra and taurine observed in all animal spectra were also noted. The causes of these dissimilarities warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rosol
- Department of Radiology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Saban Research Institute at Children's Hospital Los Angeles, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Handrup MM, Schrøder H. [Rare brain tumour in 6-month-old girl]. Ugeskr Laeger 2009; 171:437. [PMID: 19208337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A six-month old girl presented with repetitive episodes of vomiting. Soon after admission to hospital she had convulsions. Computertomography showed a tumour in the third ventricle. She was non-radically operated. Histology showed an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour (AT/RT). No active treatment was initiated, and the patient died three months later. AT/RT is a very rare tumor of the brain. It occurs primarily in early childhood. AT/RT is a very aggressive and rapidly progressing tumour.
Collapse
|
26
|
Jackson EM, Shaikh TH, Zhang F, Wainwright LM, Storm PB, Hakonarson H, Zackai EH, Biegel JA. Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor in a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 143A:1767-70. [PMID: 17603804 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a genetic disorder associated with an increased risk of childhood tumors. Here we describe a patient with BWS who developed a central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT). To our knowledge, despite the known cancer predisposition, this patient is the first described with BWS to develop an AT/RT. Due to the high propensity of these patients to develop childhood tumors, in addition to routine diagnostic tests, analysis of the tumor DNA using the Illumina Infinium whole-genome genotyping 550K Beadchip was performed to investigate a possible common underlying mechanism for his BWS and AT/RT. The only alteration detected was monosomy 22, which was accompanied by a somatic mutation in the INI1 rhabdoid tumor gene. These results suggest that, despite an underlying cancer predisposition, the occurrence of BWS and AT/RT in this patient may be unrelated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Jackson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tez S, Köktener A, Güler G, Ozişik P. Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors: imaging findings of two cases and review of the literature. Turk Neurosurg 2008; 18:30-34. [PMID: 18382974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a malignant embryonal central nervous system (CNS) tumor, manifesting in children, and composed of rhabdoid cells, with or without fields resembling a classical primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), epithelial tissue and neoplastic mesenchyme. Around 200 cases of CNS AT/RT have been documented in the literature. Although the clinical and pathological findings have been defined in large series previously, and AT/RT has become increasingly recognized, awareness of typical AT/RT is important in making the correct diagnosis of this uncommon but probably underdiagnosed entity. Neuroradiologists rarely mention AT/RT in their differential diagnosis and this paper presents two additional cases in which clinical and pathological findings are combined with neuroradiological presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selda Tez
- Fatih University, Radiology Department, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tena-Suck ML, Gómez-Amador JL, Ortiz-Plata A, Salina-Lara C, Rembao-Bojórquez D, Vega-Orozco R. Rhabdoid choroid plexus carcinoma: a rare histological type. Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr 2007; 65:705-9. [PMID: 17876420 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x2007000400032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors mostly occur during early childhood and are almost invariably fatal. These tumors show similar histological and radiological features to primitive neuroectodermal tumor, meduloblastoma and choroid plexus carcinoma, but present different biological behaviors. We present the case of an 18 year-old man who presented headache, vomiting and ataxia. CT-scan and MRI revealed a posterior fossa tumor. A gross total resection was performed. An intraoperative study showed papillary-like tumors with large cells and mitotic features. Histological examination showed two different main growth patterns: solid sheets of undifferentiated polygonal cells with papillary features and rhabdoid cells. Immunohistochemically, these rhabdoid cells were positive for vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, smooth-muscle actin, cytokeratin, S-100 protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Electro-microscopically, the typical rhabdoid cells contained whorled bundles of intermediate filaments in their cytoplasm. A rhabdoid tumor is a clinicalpathological entity and emphasizes the necessity to distinguish this unique tumor from other pediatric central nervous system neoplasms. Cytopathological features, immunohistochemistry and electro-microscopy differential diagnoses are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Lilia Tena-Suck
- Department of Neuropathology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, México City, México.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Pirro V, Skanjeti A, Pelosi E. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in the characterization of suspected rhabdoid renal tumor recurrence: a case report. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2007; 29:69-71. [PMID: 17230072 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0b013e318030abd5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdoid tumor is a rare, aggressive, and undifferentiated cancer, that can be localized in the central nervous system, in the thorax or in the kidney. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a noninvasive technique in cancer patients' management. Its role in the diagnosis and staging of rhabdoid renal tumor is not known at all. We report the case of a child with suspected recurrence of rhabdoid renal tumor studied with FDG-PET/computed tomography. A 4-year-old male previously treated for a rhabdoid tumor of the left kidney, underwent PET scan to differentiate local recurrence from postsurgical fibrosis. FDG-PET study showed the presence of intense, multiple, and inhomogeneous tracer uptakes in the left renal fossa (ie, the site of suspected computed tomography recurrence), with the involvement of the adjacent abdominal wall. Further pathologic uptakes were evidenced in the para-aortic, celiac, mesenteric areas, and at the hepatic hilum. Therefore, PET scan allowed a complete disease staging, evidencing unexpected local and distant disease extension. Thus, FDG-PET study could be considered in the evaluation of patients with renal rhabdoid tumor, at least when disease recurrence is suspected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pirro
- IRMET PET Center, Via Onorato Vigliani 89/A, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Varghese LR, Stanley MW, Lucido ML, Mallery S, Lai R, Bardales RH. Esophageal carcinoma with a rhabdoid phenotype: a case report of diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. Diagn Cytopathol 2006; 33:407-11. [PMID: 16299741 DOI: 10.1002/dc.20362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Malignant extra renal tumors with rhabdoid phenotype are aggressive neoplasms associated with a poor prognosis. These tumors have been reported in soft tissue and various organs including the gastrointestinal tract. We report one of such tumors arising in the esophagus and discuss the cytopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology revealed a highly cellular tumor, consisting of polygonal poorly cohesive cells with prominent eosinophilic paranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions. Immunohistochemical staining showed strong cytoplasmic positivity for vimentin and cytokeratin. Electron microscopy revealed presence of numerous intermediate filaments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype of the esophagus diagnosed by FNA cytology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda R Varghese
- Department of Pathology, Division of Gastroenerology, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Atypical teratoid/ rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) of the central nervous system is a rare, highly aggressive malignancy of infancy. Although it is reported infrequently in the literature, it has often been histologically confused with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)/medulloblastoma (MB) but has a much worse prognosis. We present an infant with two AT/RT tumors, one suprasellar in location and the other within the vermis without evidence of tumor elsewhere. What makes this case unusual is that there were two separate lesions in different cranial compartments, with no evidence of subarachnoid seeding. In addition, the lesions had different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics even though they were histologically the same.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chirag D Gandhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1136, Annenberg 8-06, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kuroda H, Moritake H, Sawada K, Kuwahara Y, Imoto I, Inazawa J, Sugimoto T. Establishment of a cell line from a malignant rhabdoid tumor of the liver lacking the function of two tumor suppressor genes, hSNF5/INI1 and p16. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 158:172-9. [PMID: 15796965 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2004.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2004] [Revised: 08/19/2004] [Accepted: 08/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT) of the liver are rare. A few liver MRT cell lines have been established but none has been characterized in detail. Here we describe a new MRT cell line from the liver, which is designated MP-MRT-AN, and describe it in detail. Immunohistochemical assays detected the expression of vimentin and cytokeratin but they were negative for neurofilament, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, alpha-sarcomeric actin, and smooth muscle myosin heavy chains SM1 and SM2. RT-PCR assays revealed that this cell line did not express smooth muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms or MyoD1. No aberration was identified in 22q by G-banded analysis; however, the hSNF5/INI1 gene, a suppressor gene of MRT that maps to 22q11.2, was homozygously deleted from exons 1 to 5 in this cell line. Furthermore, the expression of another tumor suppressor gene, p16 (CDKN2A), was not detected by RT-PCR. This raises the possibility that the aggressive phenotype of malignant rhabdoid tumors is caused by the loss of two or more tumor suppressor genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kuroda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto, 1-2 Higashitakada-cho, Mibu, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8845, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a highly aggressive neoplasm with a unique cytogenetic profile. Although the clinicopathologic and radiologic features of AT/RT have been described previously, to the authors' knowledge the cytomorphologic profile of this tumor has not been studied well. METHODS Nine samples of AT/RT from 8 patients were analyzed from the pathology files of 2 large institutions in a 10-year period (1993-2002). Material consisted of slides made from scraping and smearing (SS) or squash preparation (SP) of the tissue cores (six slides), fine-needle aspiration (FNA) (two slides), and cerebrospinal fluid (one slide). Smears were stained with Diff-Quik, Papanicolaou, and hematoxylin and eosin stains. RESULTS There were 4 males and 4 females who ranged in age from 1-16 years (mean age, 7.1 years). Cytomorphologic features consisted of hypercellularity (eight of eight tumors); predominantly large tissue fragments with tumor cells surrounding proliferating capillaries depicting a "papillary-like" appearance (five of eight tumors); large, round, "plasmacytoid" cells and characteristic "rhabdoid" cells (i.e., intermediate-sized cells with granular to fibrillary, brightly eosinophilic cytoplasm with or without globoid "inclusions"; large, eccentrically located, round-to-reniform nuclei with single prominent nucleoli; eight of eight tumors); small, round, primitive "neuronal-appearing" cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio (five of eight patients); and bizarre, multinucleated giant cells (two of eight tumors). Also seen were numerous apoptotic bodies, mitoses, and significant necrosis (seven of eight tumors), and prominent dystrophic calcification (four of eight tumors). CONCLUSIONS AT/RT is extremely rare. Cytologic examination by SS, SP, or FNA offers a useful alternative to frozen section during intraoperative consultation. Cytomorphologic features are unique and lead to an accurate diagnosis in the right clinicoradiologic context. The differential diagnosis includes medulloblastoma (in cerebellar tumors), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (in suprasellar tumors), choroid plexus carcinoma, and malignant glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil V Parwani
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cheng YC, Lirng JF, Chang FC, Guo WY, Teng MMH, Chang CY, Wong TT, Ho DMT. Neuroradiological findings in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system. Acta Radiol 2005; 46:89-96. [PMID: 15841745 DOI: 10.1080/02841850510020987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of atypical teratoid tumor/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) of the central nervous system (CNS). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty cases of CNS AT/RT have been found over the past 23 years in our hospital; these involving 11 boys and 9 girls whose mean age at diagnosis was 5.5 years. Their clinical data, the CT, and MRI findings were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS AT/RT was located in the cerebellum in 15 cases. Four cases arose from the supratentorial region, while only one occurred primarily in the lumbar spinal cord. Almost all cases revealed heterogeneous intensity and heterogeneous enhancement. Peripheral cystic components were common. Survival time ranged from 2 months to 3 years, with a mean survival of 11.6 months. CONCLUSION Most cases of AT/RT are located in the cerebellum. The radiologic manifestations are non-specific. The diagnosis mainly depends on the pathologic findings. However, AT/RT should still remain in the differential diagnosis of brain tumors in young children, especially those located in the cerebellar hemisphere and with eccentric cysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Cheng
- Department of Radiology, I-Lan Hospital, Department of Health, The Executive Yuan, I-Lan, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Plotkin M, Amthauer H, Eisenacher J, Wurm R, Michel R, Wust P, Stockhammer F, Röttgen R, Gutberlet M, Ruf J, Felix R. Value of 123I-IMT SPECT for diagnosis of recurrent non-astrocytic intracranial tumours. Neuroradiology 2005; 47:18-26. [PMID: 15630586 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-004-1288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2004] [Accepted: 09/02/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The value of single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) using iodine-123-alpha-methyl-tyrosine (IMT) for the diagnosis of recurrent or residual gliomas is well established. In the current study we investigated whether IMT-SPECT could also be useful in the follow-up of brain metastases and other intracranial tumours of non-astrocytic origin. The study included 22 patients with suspected recurrent intracranial tumours of non-astrocytic origin (12 brain metastases, one supratentorial primitive neuroendocrine tumour (PNET), one rhabdoid tumour, two clivus chordomas, three ependymomas, two pituitary tumours, one anaplastic meningioma) who had previously been treated by surgery and/or radio/chemotherapy. SPECT results were correlated with clinical and MRI follow-up data. The study was true positive in 13 patients, true negative in five, false positive in one and false negative in three patients. Notably, all false negative findings were <13 mm. The resulting sensitivity of the IMT-SPECT was 81%. We concluded that the IMT-SPECT is a promising complementary imaging tool for the detection of recurrences of non-astrocytic intracranial tumours and their distinguishing from treatment-induced changes. The limitation of the IMT-SPECT is its low sensitivity for the detection of small lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michail Plotkin
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Radio-oncology, Klinik für Strahlenheilkunde, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cocker RS, Sharaan M, Wasserman P. Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney in a child: report of a case with recurrence in the contralateral kidney. Acta Cytol 2004; 48:836-42. [PMID: 15581170 DOI: 10.1159/000326454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) of the kidney is a rare and aggressive neoplasm with a controversial histogenesis. Although their immunohistochemistry may be diverse, the rhabdoid phenotype and mutations of the INI1 gene are consistently exhibited by MRTs regardless of their location. CASE MRT recurred in the contralateral kidney in a 12-month-old child within 6 months after the initial histologic diagnosis, nephrectomy and autologous stem cell transplant. The presence of widespread metastases at the time of the recurrence precluded any further chemical and surgical diagnostic or therapeutic intervention. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, only a few cases describing the cytologic diagnosis of MRT of the kidney in a child have been reported. This case illustrates the usefulness of cytologic diagnosis in an MRT recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubina S Cocker
- Department of Pathology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary diagnosis of renal masses in children is made by imaging studies. This retrospective analysis describes the imaging features of rhabdoid tumors (RT) with US, CT and MRI, to point out characteristics and to evaluate the possibility of differentiation between RT and Wilms tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed 10 MRI (6 STIR, 9 T1 w, 8 T2 w, 10 T1 post KM), 15 CT (9 Nativ-CT, 14 KM-CT) and 14 US images of 22 patients (age 2 - 57 months) with histopathologically confirmed RT. The following characteristics were evaluated: subcapsular fluid collection, multiple tumor lobules, presence of calcification, primary tumor size, visibility of tumor margin, tumor necrosis and metastases. RESULTS The mean total tumor volume was 238 ml. 19 RT were located in the perihilar/medullary region with invasion of the renal hilum, and 5/22 tumors showed multiple tumor lobules. Subcapsular fluid collection was found in 6/22 cases. Calcifications were present in 6/19. Eleven tumors were well defined from the renal parenchyma, 9 poorly defined, 2 could not be assessed. In 19/22 cases tumor necrosis was found. Distant metastases were seen in 8 cases in the lung, in 3 cases in the CNS. Metastases of regional lymph nodes were seen in 9 cases. CONCLUSION The evaluated characteristics frequently found in RT are not indicative of these tumors. RT cannot clearly be differentiated from Wilms tumor by imaging studies. Because of frequent involvement of the CNS and lung, a MRI of the CNS and CT of the lung is indicated after histopathologic diagnosis of RT is made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Schenk
- Abteilung Pädiatrische Radiologie, Radiologische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fuchs IB, Henrich W, Kalache KD, Lippek F, Dudenhausen JW. Prenatal sonographic features of a rhabdoid tumor of the kidney. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2004; 23:407-410. [PMID: 15065195 DOI: 10.1002/uog.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Rhabdoid tumors of the kidney are highly lethal malignancies of infancy. We report the prenatal detection of a renal rhabdoid tumor with mesoblastic components in a fetus at 27 weeks of gestation. The tumor presented as a large mass in the left renal area and there was concomitant massive polyhydramnios. Though the sonographic features alone did not allow distinction from a benign lesion, the aggressive tumor growth indicated malignancy. Amniotic fluid cytology was performed but failed to confirm the diagnosis. Corticosteroids were administered for lung maturation. Tocolysis, including betamimetics, magnesium and indomethacin, was performed to prevent premature labor. Additionally, serial amniodrainage was performed. At 30 weeks of gestation fetal hydrops developed and a Cesarean section was performed. After delivery, ventilation of the preterm infant was insufficient due to diaphragm elevation by the huge tumor, requiring immediate tumor surgery. However, though ventilation was improved the infant died of cardiac failure 4 h after surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I B Fuchs
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité Campus Virchow/Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Correa-Rivas MS, Rivera-López L, Colón-Castillo LE, Montalvo FW. Rhabdoid tumor: an unusual pediatric brain tumor. P R Health Sci J 2003; 22:401-4. [PMID: 14768507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Rhabdoid tumors of the brain are rare with an invariable dismal prognosis despite treatment. This is the case of a 3 year old boy who presented lethargy, somnolence, nausea, vomiting, and headaches one week prior to hospitalization. A posterior fossa tumor with hydrocephalus was noted on a head computed tomography (CT) scan. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed with subsequent gross total tumor resection. Pathology findings were those of a rhabdoid tumor. The histopathology, immunohistochemistry and ultrastructure of this unusual pediatric cerebral neoplasia is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María S Correa-Rivas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, PO Box 365067, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-5067
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (RTK) has mimicked other renal tumors histologically, but there has been only one previous report of neuroblastoma mimicking RTK. The authors present the case of a 17-month-old boy who presented with a large left renal mass that was diagnosed as RTK. At the completion of therapy he was found to have residual masses. They were biopsied and found to be viable neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Shaw
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 3520 Fifth Avenue, Suite 100, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-2583, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chico-Ponce de León F, Perezpeña-Diazconti M, Castro-Sierra E, Guerrero-Jazo FJ, Gordillo-Domínguez LF, Gutiérrez-Guerra R, Salamanca T, Sosa-Sainz G, Santana-Montero BL, DeMontesinos-Sampedro A. Stereotactically-guided biopsies of brainstem tumors. Childs Nerv Syst 2003; 19:305-10. [PMID: 12732939 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-003-0737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2003] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than 10 years ago, the goal of our work had been to obtain a tissue sample of infiltrating lesions of the brainstem that had been diagnosed using computerized axial tomography (CAT). At that time, biopsies were believed to be indispensable when starting treatment of tumors. With time our objectives changed. Biopsies remained necessary, since until 1 year before the writing of this article we had not had the benefits of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at our Hospital. We also decided that carrying out sound statistics, confirmed by biopsies, was in itself a good procedure, especially in a country in which, to date, no serial studies of brainstem tumors had been undertaken. METHODS We analyzed all of the patients diagnosed with posterior fossa tumors between March 1989 and March 2002 at the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (HIM). A preoperative TAC of the cranium was performed on every patient. Stereotactically-guided biopsies during tomography allowed precise control of penetration. Material obtained was sent to the Department of Pathology for analysis. RESULTS Fifty patients were diagnosed with infiltrating tumors of the brainstem: 30 cases of low-grade astrocytomas, 13 cases of high-grade astrocytomas, 2 cases of primitive neuroectodermic tumors, 2 cases of rhabdoid tumors, 1 case of ependymoma, and 2 patients had non-specified tumors. The most frequent symptoms and signs were ataxia and disturbances of the cranial nerves. There was no mortality caused by penetration, and follow-up studies of more than 5 years were carried out. DISCUSSION The results from our series were similar to those in the literature. In our case, follow-up studies were undertaken for longer periods. In the first section of our work, we suggest the need for stereotactic biopsies in order to arrive at a precise diagnosis in environments in which MRI may be unavailable. CONCLUSION At present, presumptive diagnosis of infiltrating brainstem lesions may be adequately undertaken with imaging methods, such as MRI. However, we believe that a stereotactically-guided biopsy provides an accurate method for diagnosing lesions of the brainstem. In our case, this procedure has been carried out entirely in the tomography room, without any complications of disease or mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Chico-Ponce de León
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez 162, col Doctores, Delegación Cuauhtémoc, 06720, México DF, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
The authors report a 16 year old girl with a supratentorial rhabdoid glioblastoma. The radiological features, histopathology and management of this rare variant of glioblastoma multiforme are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Lath
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Anatomical Pathology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
CASE REPORTS We describe three cases of atypical ATRT that were identified at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario. DISCUSSION Over the past decade, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) of the central nervous system have emerged as a distinct entity. This tumor is typically misdiagnosed as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)/medulloblastoma. The unique immunohistochemistry profile of an ATRT helps distinguish it from a PNET/medulloblastoma. This is of clinical importance because the prognosis of a patient with an ATRT is worse than that of a PNET/medulloblastoma despite aggressive surgical treatment with or without adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Dang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bambakidis NC, Robinson S, Cohen M, Cohen AR. Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors of the central nervous system: clinical, radiographic and pathologic features. Pediatr Neurosurg 2002; 37:64-70. [PMID: 12145514 DOI: 10.1159/000065107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATT/RT) of the central nervous system (CNS) are uncommon malignancies of childhood with an aggressive course and a uniformly fatal outcome. METHODS The medical records, radiographic images and pathologic files at the Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital over the previous 6 years were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Eight children underwent surgery for CNS ATT/RT at our institution since 1996. There were 6 boys and 2 girls. Median age at presentation was 21 months. Four tumors had multifocal disease at the time of diagnosis. Six patients received multiagent chemotherapy including 3 patients with autologous bone marrow transplantation, and 6 patients received radiation therapy. Median survival was 9 months from the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS In spite of aggressive therapy, the prognosis for ATT/RT remains dismal. The search for effective treatment strategies will require a better understanding of the biology and molecular genetics of this tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Bambakidis
- Division of Pediatric Neurological Surgery, Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- Nilgün Yaris
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Of the numerous morphological variants of meningiomas only few, and among these the rhabdoid meningioma, have prognostic importance. Rhabdoid meningiomas were described for the first time in 1998 as an unusual variant with increased proliferative activity. In 2000 they have been included in the revised WHO classification of tumours of the CNS as a subtype of meningiomas with increased risk of recurrence and more aggressive growth, corresponding to WHO grade III. We report the case of a rhabdoid meningioma in a 21-year-old woman presenting as a intracerebral tumour mimicking an oligodendroglioma. The tumour showed features of a meningioma and a rhabdoid morphology with angiomatous components and was considered to be a rhabdoid meningioma. After surgery a small residual tumour remained. The patient received postoperative radiotherapy resulting in regression of the residual tumour in control examinations after 4 and 8 months. Using the presented case we discuss the differential diagnosis and prognostic significance of recognition of a rhabdoid meningioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Klein
- Pathologisches Institut, Abteilung Neuropathologie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital cancer is rare, and metastatic cancer of the infant at birth is even more unusual. Pregnancy management may be altered if fetal tumors are detected by prenatal ultrasound. CASE We present a 29-week gestation with polyhydramnios and a fetus with a congenital malignant extrarenal rhabdoid tumor on the left neck and chest with generalized metastases. Cytogenetic analysis of the tumor cells revealed a trisomy 7. CONCLUSION Prenatal ultrasound permits in utero detection of fetal tumors and identification of complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Leader
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Orlando Regional Healthcare, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Primary malignant rhabdoid tumour of the central nervous system is a rare neoplasm affecting children. We present a pathologically proven case, which was initially referred to the paediatric surgeons as a sebaceous cyst, and highlights the importance of imaging prior to surgery of potentially innocuous scalp lesions. Imaging features on CT and MRI are presented, which show bony involvement not previously reported in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Evans
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath, Cardiff CFI4 4XN, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Fetal tumors are rare and can be difficult to diagnose in utero. This report describes one case of an extrarenal rhabdoid tumor and one case of a giant congenital melanocytic nevus. Both presented with moderate polyhydramnios and were prenatally detected at 31 weeks of gestation with two-dimensional ultrasound. The application of the surface mode of three-dimensional ultrasound improved the visualization of these tumors especially for the parents and the multidisciplinary team. Three-dimensional sonography proved to be a valuable addition to the prenatal armamentarium for the evaluation of these fetal tumors although it is not mandatory for their assessment and clinical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Hösli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|