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Kolesar P, Stejskal K, Potesil D, Murray JM, Palecek JJ. Role of Nse1 Subunit of SMC5/6 Complex as a Ubiquitin Ligase. Cells 2022; 11:cells11010165. [PMID: 35011726 PMCID: PMC8750328 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) complexes are important for many aspects of the chromosomal organization. Unlike cohesin and condensin, the SMC5/6 complex contains a variant RING domain carried by its Nse1 subunit. RING domains are characteristic for ubiquitin ligases, and human NSE1 has been shown to possess ubiquitin-ligase activity in vitro. However, other studies were unable to show such activity. Here, we confirm Nse1 ubiquitin-ligase activity using purified Schizosaccharomyces pombe proteins. We demonstrate that the Nse1 ligase activity is stimulated by Nse3 and Nse4. We show that Nse1 specifically utilizes Ubc13/Mms2 E2 enzyme and interacts directly with ubiquitin. We identify the Nse1 mutation (R188E) that specifically disrupts its E3 activity and demonstrate that the Nse1-dependent ubiquitination is particularly important under replication stress. Moreover, we determine Nse4 (lysine K181) as the first known SMC5/6-associated Nse1 substrate. Interestingly, abolition of Nse4 modification at K181 leads to suppression of DNA-damage sensitivity of other SMC5/6 mutants. Altogether, this study brings new evidence for Nse1 ubiquitin ligase activity, significantly advancing our understanding of this enigmatic SMC5/6 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kolesar
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (P.K.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Karel Stejskal
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (D.P.)
| | - David Potesil
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Johanne M. Murray
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK;
| | - Jan J. Palecek
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence: (P.K.); (J.J.P.)
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2
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Aye ILMH, Rosario FJ, Kramer A, Kristiansen O, Michelsen TM, Powell TL, Jansson T. Insulin Increases Adipose Adiponectin in Pregnancy by Inhibiting Ubiquitination and Degradation: Impact of Obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:53-66. [PMID: 34519830 PMCID: PMC8684469 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Circulating adiponectin levels are decreased in pregnant women with obesity or gestational diabetes, and this is believed to contribute to the insulin resistance and increased risk of fetal overgrowth associated with these conditions. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating adiponectin secretion from maternal adipose tissues in pregnancy are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that obesity in pregnancy is associated with adipose tissue insulin resistance and increased adiponectin ubiquitination and degradation, caused by inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. METHODS Visceral adipose tissues were collected from lean and obese pregnant humans and mice. Total and ubiquitinated adiponectin, and markers of inflammation, ER stress, and insulin resistance were examined in adipose tissues. The role of insulin, inflammation, and ER stress in mediating adiponectin ubiquitination and degradation was examined using 3T3L-1 adipocytes. RESULTS Obesity in pregnancy is associated with adipose tissue inflammation, ER stress, insulin resistance, increased adiponectin ubiquitination, and decreased total abundance of adiponectin. Adiponectin ubiquitination was increased in visceral fat of obese pregnant women as compared to lean pregnant women. We further observed that insulin prevents, whereas ER stress and inflammation promote, adiponectin ubiquitination and degradation in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. CONCLUSION We have identified adiponectin ubiquitination as a key mechanism by which obesity diminishes adiponectin secretion in pregnancy. This information will help us better understand the mechanisms controlling maternal insulin resistance and fetal growth in pregnancy and may provide a foundation for the development of strategies aimed at improving adiponectin production in pregnant women with obesity or gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving L M H Aye
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, and Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Correspondence: Irving L. M. H. Aye, PhD, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, The Rosie Hospital, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SW, UK.
| | - Fredrick J Rosario
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anita Kramer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Oddrun Kristiansen
- Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond M Michelsen
- Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Theresa L Powell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Wang Y, Song M, Zhou P, Wang J, Zheng J, Xu H. TNFAIP3-upregulated RIP3 exacerbates acute pancreatitis via activating NLRP3 inflammasome. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108067. [PMID: 34481142 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas. Accumulating studies have revealed the involvement of tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) in the progression of AP. Here, the current study was conducted to elucidate the role of TNFAIP3 and the underlying molecular mechanisms on the progression of AP. The in vivo animal model and in vitro cell model of AP were generated by retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate and stimulation of cerulein into AR42J cells, respectively. Relationships among TNFAIP3, receptor interacting protein 3 (RIP3) and nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) were predicted on bioinformatics websites and verified by co-immunoprecipitation. AR42J cells were transfected with overexpressing plasmid or shRNA to study the effects of TNFAIP3/RIP3/NLRP3 axis on cell proliferation and apoptosis, secretion of inflammatory cytokines and production of ROS. The effect of TNFAIP3/RIP3/NLRP3 axis in AP was further confirmed in vivo. High expression of TNFAIP3 was observed in AP pancreatic tissues and AP cell model. TNFAIP3 increased RIP phosphorylation through deubiquitination. RIP activated the NLRP3 inflammasome. Silencing of TNFAIP3 or RIP3T led to elevated proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in AR42J cells, accompanied by decreased inflammatory cytokine levels and ROS production. The protective role of inhibited TNFAIP3 in AP was confirmed evidenced by reduced levels of AMY, LIPA, and ROS in vivo. Collectively, overexpressed TNFAIP3 could contribute to the progression of AP by activating RIP3/NLRP3 axis, providing a potential therapeutic target for AP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Menglong Song
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China.
| | - Haidong Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, PR China.
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4
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Huang Y, Xiao Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Li Y. The Emerging Roles of Tripartite Motif Proteins (TRIMs) in Acute Lung Injury. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:1007126. [PMID: 34712740 PMCID: PMC8548118 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1007126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory disorder of the lung that causes high mortality and lacks any pharmacological intervention. Ubiquitination plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ALI as it regulates the alveolocapillary barrier and the inflammatory response. Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are one of the subfamilies of the RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligases, which contains more than 80 distinct members in humans involved in a broad range of biological processes including antivirus innate immunity, development, and tumorigenesis. Recently, some studies have shown that several members of TRIM family proteins play important regulatory roles in inflammation and ALI. Herein, we integrate emerging evidence regarding the roles of TRIMs in ALI. Articles were selected from the searches of PubMed database that had the terms "acute lung injury," "ubiquitin ligases," "tripartite motif protein," "inflammation," and "ubiquitination" using both MeSH terms and keywords. Better understanding of these mechanisms may ultimately lead to novel therapeutic approaches by targeting TRIMs for ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xuekang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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5
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Atkinson SC, Heaton SM, Audsley MD, Kleifeld O, Borg NA. TRIM25 and DEAD-Box RNA Helicase DDX3X Cooperate to Regulate RIG-I-Mediated Antiviral Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9094. [PMID: 34445801 PMCID: PMC8396550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoplasmic retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) initiate interferon (IFN) production and antiviral gene expression in response to RNA virus infection. Consequently, RLR signalling is tightly regulated by both host and viral factors. Tripartite motif protein 25 (TRIM25) is an E3 ligase that ubiquitinates multiple substrates within the RLR signalling cascade, playing both ubiquitination-dependent and -independent roles in RIG-I-mediated IFN induction. However, additional regulatory roles are emerging. Here, we show a novel interaction between TRIM25 and another protein in the RLR pathway that is essential for type I IFN induction, DEAD-box helicase 3X (DDX3X). In vitro assays and knockdown studies reveal that TRIM25 ubiquitinates DDX3X at lysine 55 (K55) and that TRIM25 and DDX3X cooperatively enhance IFNB1 induction following RIG-I activation, but the latter is independent of TRIM25's catalytic activity. Furthermore, we found that the influenza A virus non-structural protein 1 (NS1) disrupts the TRIM25:DDX3X interaction, abrogating both TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination of DDX3X and cooperative activation of the IFNB1 promoter. Thus, our results reveal a new interplay between two RLR-host proteins that cooperatively enhance IFN-β production. We also uncover a new and further mechanism by which influenza A virus NS1 suppresses host antiviral defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Atkinson
- Immunity and Immune Evasion Laboratory, Chronic Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Research, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (S.C.A.); (M.D.A.)
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Steven M. Heaton
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Michelle D. Audsley
- Immunity and Immune Evasion Laboratory, Chronic Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Research, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (S.C.A.); (M.D.A.)
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Oded Kleifeld
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Natalie A. Borg
- Immunity and Immune Evasion Laboratory, Chronic Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Research, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (S.C.A.); (M.D.A.)
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
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Shmuel-Galia L, Humphries F, Lei X, Ceglia S, Wilson R, Jiang Z, Ketelut-Carneiro N, Foley SE, Pechhold S, Houghton J, Muneeruddin K, Shaffer SA, McCormick BA, Reboldi A, Ward D, Marshak-Rothstein A, Fitzgerald KA. Dysbiosis exacerbates colitis by promoting ubiquitination and accumulation of the innate immune adaptor STING in myeloid cells. Immunity 2021; 54:1137-1153.e8. [PMID: 34051146 PMCID: PMC8237382 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the cGAS-STING DNA-sensing pathway affect intestinal homeostasis. We sought to delineate the functional role of STING in intestinal inflammation. Increased STING expression was a feature of intestinal inflammation in mice with colitis and in humans afflicted with inflammatory bowel disease. Mice bearing an allele rendering STING constitutively active exhibited spontaneous colitis and dysbiosis, as well as progressive chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. Bone marrow chimera experiments revealed STING accumulation in intestinal macrophages and monocytes as the initial driver of inflammation. Depletion of Gram-negative bacteria prevented STING accumulation in these cells and alleviated intestinal inflammation. STING accumulation occurred at the protein rather than transcript level, suggesting post-translational stabilization. We found that STING was ubiquitinated in myeloid cells, and this K63-linked ubiquitination could be elicited by bacterial products, including cyclic di-GMP. Our findings suggest a positive feedback loop wherein dysbiosis foments the accumulation of STING in intestinal myeloid cells, driving intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liraz Shmuel-Galia
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Fiachra Humphries
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Xuqiu Lei
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Simona Ceglia
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ruth Wilson
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Zhaozhao Jiang
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Natalia Ketelut-Carneiro
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sage E Foley
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Center for Microbiome Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Susanne Pechhold
- Flow Cytometry core facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - JeanMarie Houghton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Khaja Muneeruddin
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Mass spectrometry facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- Department of Biochemistry and molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Mass spectrometry facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Beth A McCormick
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Center for Microbiome Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Andrea Reboldi
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Doyle Ward
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Center for Microbiome Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Ann Marshak-Rothstein
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Katherine A Fitzgerald
- Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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7
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Shan CM, Kim JK, Wang J, Bao K, Sun Y, Chen H, Yue JX, Stirpe A, Zhang Z, Lu C, Schalch T, Liti G, Nagy PL, Tong L, Qiao F, Jia S. The histone H3K9M mutation synergizes with H3K14 ubiquitylation to selectively sequester histone H3K9 methyltransferase Clr4 at heterochromatin. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109137. [PMID: 34010645 PMCID: PMC8167812 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic histone lysine-to-methionine mutations block the methylation of their corresponding lysine residues on wild-type histones. One attractive model is that these mutations sequester histone methyltransferases, but genome-wide studies show that mutant histones and histone methyltransferases often do not colocalize. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), here, we show that, in fission yeast, even though H3K9M-containing nucleosomes are broadly distributed across the genome, the histone H3K9 methyltransferase Clr4 is mainly sequestered at pericentric repeats. This selective sequestration of Clr4 depends not only on H3K9M but also on H3K14 ubiquitylation (H3K14ub), a modification deposited by a Clr4-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. In vitro, H3K14ub synergizes with H3K9M to interact with Clr4 and potentiates the inhibitory effects of H3K9M on Clr4 enzymatic activity. Moreover, binding kinetics show that H3K14ub overcomes the Clr4 aversion to H3K9M and reduces its dissociation. The selective sequestration model reconciles previous discrepancies and demonstrates the importance of protein-interaction kinetics in regulating biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Min Shan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jin-Kwang Kim
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jiyong Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Kehan Bao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yadong Sun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Huijie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10068, USA
| | - Jia-Xing Yue
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice 06107, France
| | - Alessandro Stirpe
- Leicester Institute for Structural and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chao Lu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Thomas Schalch
- Leicester Institute for Structural and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Gianni Liti
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice 06107, France
| | - Peter L Nagy
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10068, USA
| | - Liang Tong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Feng Qiao
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Songtao Jia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Budroni V, Versteeg GA. Negative Regulation of the Innate Immune Response through Proteasomal Degradation and Deubiquitination. Viruses 2021; 13:584. [PMID: 33808506 PMCID: PMC8066222 DOI: 10.3390/v13040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid and dynamic activation of the innate immune system is achieved through complex signaling networks regulated by post-translational modifications modulating the subcellular localization, activity, and abundance of signaling molecules. Many constitutively expressed signaling molecules are present in the cell in inactive forms, and become functionally activated once they are modified with ubiquitin, and, in turn, inactivated by removal of the same post-translational mark. Moreover, upon infection resolution a rapid remodeling of the proteome needs to occur, ensuring the removal of induced response proteins to prevent hyperactivation. This review discusses the current knowledge on the negative regulation of innate immune signaling pathways by deubiquitinating enzymes, and through degradative ubiquitination. It focusses on spatiotemporal regulation of deubiquitinase and E3 ligase activities, mechanisms for re-establishing proteostasis, and degradation through immune-specific feedback mechanisms vs. general protein quality control pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gijs A. Versteeg
- Max Perutz Labs, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology, and Genetics, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria;
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Liu J, Cheng Y, Zheng M, Yuan B, Wang Z, Li X, Yin J, Ye M, Song Y. Targeting the ubiquitination/deubiquitination process to regulate immune checkpoint pathways. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:28. [PMID: 33479196 PMCID: PMC7819986 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00418-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system initiates robust immune responses to defend against invading pathogens or tumor cells and protect the body from damage, thus acting as a fortress of the body. However, excessive responses cause detrimental effects, such as inflammation and autoimmune diseases. To balance the immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis, there are immune checkpoints to terminate overwhelmed immune responses. Pathogens and tumor cells can also exploit immune checkpoint pathways to suppress immune responses, thus escaping immune surveillance. As a consequence, therapeutic antibodies that target immune checkpoints have made great breakthroughs, in particular for cancer treatment. While the overall efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is unsatisfactory since only a small group of patients benefited from ICB treatment. Hence, there is a strong need to search for other targets that improve the efficacy of ICB. Ubiquitination is a highly conserved process which participates in numerous biological activities, including innate and adaptive immunity. A growing body of evidence emphasizes the importance of ubiquitination and its reverse process, deubiquitination, on the regulation of immune responses, providing the rational of simultaneous targeting of immune checkpoints and ubiquitination/deubiquitination pathways to enhance the therapeutic efficacy. Our review will summarize the latest findings of ubiquitination/deubiquitination pathways for anti-tumor immunity, and discuss therapeutic significance of targeting ubiquitination/deubiquitination pathways in the future of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Yicheng Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingxiao Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zimu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 210002, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 210002, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 210002, Nanjing, China.
| | - Mingxiang Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 210002, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 210002, Nanjing, China.
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10
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Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has become an attractive approach of cancer treatment with tremendous success in treating various advanced malignancies. The development and clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors represent one of the most extraordinary accomplishments in cancer immunotherapy. In addition, considerable progress is being made in understanding the mechanism of antitumor immunity and characterizing novel targets for developing additional therapeutic approaches. One active area of investigation is protein ubiquitination, a post-translational mechanism of protein modification that regulates the function of diverse immune cells in antitumor immunity. Accumulating studies suggest that E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases form a family of potential targets to be exploited for enhancing antitumor immunity in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shao-Cong Sun
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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11
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Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Y, Goldhirsh G, Ivantsiv A, Ben Itzhak O, Kwon YT, Pikarsky E, Ciechanover A. Excess of the NF-ĸB p50 subunit generated by the ubiquitin ligase KPC1 suppresses tumors via PD-L1- and chemokines-mediated mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:29823-29831. [PMID: 33168738 PMCID: PMC7703627 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019604117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-ĸB) transcription factor is a family of essential regulators of the immune response and cell proliferation and transformation. A typical factor is a heterodimer made of either p50 or p52, which are limited processing products of either p105 or p100, respectively, and a member of the Rel family of proteins, typically p65. The transcriptional program of NF-ĸB is tightly regulated by the composition of the dimers. In our previous work, we demonstrated that the ubiquitin ligase KPC1 is involved in ubiquitination and proteasomal processing of p105 to generate p50. Its overexpression and the resulting high level of p50 stimulates transcription of a broad array of tumor suppressors. Here we demonstrate that additional mechanisms are involved in the p50-mediated tumor-suppressive effect. p50 down-regulates expression of a major immune checkpoint inhibitor, the programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), both in cells and in tumors. Importantly, the suppression is abrogated by overexpression of p65. This highlights the importance of the cellular quantities of the two different subunits of NF-ĸB which determine the composition of the dimer. While the putative p50 homodimer is tumor-suppressive, the "canonical" p50p65 heterodimer is oncogenic. We found that an additional mechanism is involved in the tumor-suppressive phenomenon: p50 up-regulates expression of the proinflammatory chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, which in turn recruit into the tumors active natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages. Overall, p50 acts as a strong tumor suppressor via multiple mechanisms, including overexpression of tumor suppressors and modulation of the tumor microenvironment by recruiting active immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Kravtsova-Ivantsiv
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
| | - Gilad Goldhirsh
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
| | - Alexandra Ivantsiv
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofer Ben Itzhak
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 9112000 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aaron Ciechanover
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel;
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12
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Zhang X, Zhu Z, Wang C, Yang F, Cao W, Li P, Du X, Zhao F, Liu X, Zheng H. Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus 3B Protein Interacts with Pattern Recognition Receptor RIG-I to Block RIG-I-Mediated Immune Signaling and Inhibit Host Antiviral Response. J Immunol 2020; 205:2207-2221. [PMID: 32917788 PMCID: PMC7533709 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious disease of pigs, sheep, goats, bovine, and various wild cloven-hoofed animals caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) that has given rise to significant economic loss to global livestock industry. FMDV 3B protein is an important determinant of virulence of the virus. Modifications in 3B protein of FMDV considerably decrease virus yield. In the current study, we demonstrated the significant role of 3B protein in suppression of type I IFN production and host antiviral response in both human embryonic kidney HEK293T cells and porcine kidney PK-15 cells. We found that 3B protein interacted with the viral RNA sensor RIG-I to block RIG-I-mediated immune signaling. 3B protein did not affect the expression of RIG-I but interacted with RIG-I to block the interaction between RIG-I and the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25, which prevented the TRIM25-mediated, Lys63-linked ubiquitination and activation of RIG-I. This inhibition of RIG-I-mediated immune signaling by 3B protein decreased IFN-β, IFN-stimulated genes, and proinflammatory cytokines expression, which in turn promoted FMDV replication. All of the three nonidentical copies of 3B could inhibit type I IFN production, and the aa 17A in each copy of 3B was involved in suppression of IFN-related antiviral response during FMDV infection in porcine cells. Together, our results indicate the role of 3B in suppression of host innate immune response and reveal a novel antagonistic mechanism of FMDV that is mediated by 3B protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Zixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Weijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Xiaoli Du
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Furong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; and
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China;
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13
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Zavaliev R, Mohan R, Chen T, Dong X. Formation of NPR1 Condensates Promotes Cell Survival during the Plant Immune Response. Cell 2020; 182:1093-1108.e18. [PMID: 32810437 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In plants, pathogen effector-triggered immunity (ETI) often leads to programmed cell death, which is restricted by NPR1, an activator of systemic acquired resistance. However, the biochemical activities of NPR1 enabling it to promote defense and restrict cell death remain unclear. Here we show that NPR1 promotes cell survival by targeting substrates for ubiquitination and degradation through formation of salicylic acid-induced NPR1 condensates (SINCs). SINCs are enriched with stress response proteins, including nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors, oxidative and DNA damage response proteins, and protein quality control machineries. Transition of NPR1 into condensates is required for formation of the NPR1-Cullin 3 E3 ligase complex to ubiquitinate SINC-localized substrates, such as EDS1 and specific WRKY transcription factors, and promote cell survival during ETI. Our analysis of SINCs suggests that NPR1 is centrally integrated into the cell death or survival decisions in plant immunity by modulating multiple stress-responsive processes in this quasi-organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Zavaliev
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Tianyuan Chen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Xinnian Dong
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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14
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Min YQ, Ning YJ, Wang H, Deng F. A RIG-I-like receptor directs antiviral responses to a bunyavirus and is antagonized by virus-induced blockade of TRIM25-mediated ubiquitination. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9691-9711. [PMID: 32471869 PMCID: PMC7363118 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) retinoic acid-inducible gene I protein (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) are cytosolic pattern recognition receptors that recognize specific viral RNA products and initiate antiviral innate immunity. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a highly pathogenic member of the Bunyavirales RIG-I, but not MDA5, has been suggested to sense some bunyavirus infections; however, the roles of RLRs in anti-SFTSV immune responses remain unclear. Here, we show that SFTSV infection induces an antiviral response accompanied by significant induction of antiviral and inflammatory cytokines and that RIG-I plays a main role in this induction by recognizing viral 5'-triphosphorylated RNAs and by signaling via the adaptor mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein. Moreover, MDA5 may also sense SFTSV infection and contribute to IFN induction, but to a lesser extent. We further demonstrate that the RLR-mediated anti-SFTSV signaling can be antagonized by SFTSV nonstructural protein (NSs) at the level of RIG-I activation. Protein interaction and MS-based analyses revealed that NSs interacts with the host protein tripartite motif-containing 25 (TRIM25), a critical RIG-I-activating ubiquitin E3 ligase, but not with RIG-I or Riplet, another E3 ligase required for RIG-I ubiquitination. NSs specifically trapped TRIM25 into viral inclusion bodies and inhibited TRIM25-mediated RIG-I-Lys-63-linked ubiquitination/activation, contributing to suppression of RLR-mediated antiviral signaling at its initial stage. These results provide insights into immune responses to SFTSV infection and clarify a mechanism of the viral immune evasion, which may help inform the development of antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qin Min
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun-Jia Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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15
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Sun N, Jiang L, Ye M, Wang Y, Wang G, Wan X, Zhao Y, Wen X, Liang L, Ma S, Liu L, Bu Z, Chen H, Li C. TRIM35 mediates protection against influenza infection by activating TRAF3 and degrading viral PB2. Protein Cell 2020; 11:894-914. [PMID: 32562145 PMCID: PMC7719147 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins are important effectors of innate immunity against viral infections. Here we identified TRIM35 as a regulator of TRAF3 activation. Deficiency in or inhibition of TRIM35 suppressed the production of type I interferon (IFN) in response to viral infection. Trim35-deficient mice were more susceptible to influenza A virus (IAV) infection than were wild-type mice. TRIM35 promoted the RIG-I-mediated signaling by catalyzing Lys63-linked polyubiquitination of TRAF3 and the subsequent formation of a signaling complex with VISA and TBK1. IAV PB2 polymerase countered the innate antiviral immune response by impeding the Lys63-linked polyubiquitination and activation of TRAF3. TRIM35 mediated Lys48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of IAV PB2, thereby antagonizing its suppression of TRAF3 activation. Our in vitro and in vivo findings thus reveal novel roles of TRIM35, through catalyzing Lys63- or Lys48-linked polyubiquitination, in RIG-I antiviral immunity and mechanism of defense against IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Li Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Miaomiao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Guangwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Yuhui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Xia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Libin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Shujie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Liling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Zhigao Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Hualan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China.
| | - Chengjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China.
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16
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Yang B, Liu Y, Cui Y, Song D, Zhang G, Ma S, Liu Y, Chen M, Chen F, Wang H, Wang J. RNF90 negatively regulates cellular antiviral responses by targeting MITA for degradation. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008387. [PMID: 32126128 PMCID: PMC7069649 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mediator of IRF3 activation (MITA, also named as STING/ERIS/MPYS/TMEM173), is essential to DNA virus- or cytosolic DNA-triggered innate immune responses. In this study, we demonstrated the negative regulatory role of RING-finger protein (RNF) 90 in innate immune responses targeting MITA. RNF90 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of MITA and its proteasome-dependent degradation. Overexpression of RNF90 inhibited HSV-1- or cytosolic DNA-induced immune responses whereas RNF90 knockdown had the opposite effects. Moreover, RNF90-deficient bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibited increased DNA virus- or cytosolic DNA-triggered signaling and RNF90 deficiency protected mice from DNA virus infection. Taken together, our findings suggested a novel function of RNF90 in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuhan Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Di Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Shujun Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanzi Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
- * E-mail: (HW); (JW)
| | - Jie Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted drug, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
- * E-mail: (HW); (JW)
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17
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Yan H, Fernandez M, Wang J, Wu S, Wang R, Lou Z, Moroney JB, Rivera CE, Taylor JR, Gan H, Zan H, Kolvaskyy D, Liu D, Casali P, Xu Z. B Cell Endosomal RAB7 Promotes TRAF6 K63 Polyubiquitination and NF-κB Activation for Antibody Class-Switching. J Immunol 2020; 204:1146-1157. [PMID: 31932498 PMCID: PMC7033007 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Upon activation by CD40 or TLR signaling, B lymphocytes activate NF-κB to induce activation-induced cytidine deaminase and, therefore, Ig class switch DNA recombination, as central to the maturation of the Ab and autoantibody responses. In this study, we show that NF-κB activation is boosted by colocalization of engaged immune receptors, such as CD40, with RAB7 small GTPase on mature endosomes, in addition to signals emanating from the receptors localized on the plasma membrane, in mouse B cells. In mature endosomes, RAB7 directly interacts with TRAF6 E3 ubiquitin ligase, which catalyzes K63 polyubiquitination for NF-κB activation. RAB7 overexpression in Cd19+/creRosa26fl-STOP-fl-Rab7 mouse B cells upregulates K63 polyubiquitination activity of TRAF6, enhances NF-κB activation and activation-induced cytidine deaminase induction, and boosts IgG Ab and autoantibody levels. This, together with the extensive intracellular localization of CD40 and the strong correlation of RAB7 expression with NF-κB activation in mouse lupus B cells, shows that RAB7 is an integral component of the B cell NF-κB activation machinery, likely through interaction with TRAF6 for the assembly of "intracellular membrane signalosomes."
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Maria Fernandez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Shuai Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Zheng Lou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Justin B Moroney
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Carlos E Rivera
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Julia R Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Huoqun Gan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Hong Zan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Dmytro Kolvaskyy
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229; and
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Paolo Casali
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229;
| | - Zhenming Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229;
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18
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Evankovich J, Lear T, Baldwin C, Chen Y, White V, Villandre J, Londino J, Liu Y, McVerry B, Kitsios GD, Mallampalli RK, Chen BB. Toll-like Receptor 8 Stability Is Regulated by Ring Finger 216 in Response to Circulating MicroRNAs. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:157-167. [PMID: 31385713 PMCID: PMC6993540 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0373oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
TLR8 (Toll-like receptor 8) is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor that senses RNA in endosomes to initiate innate immune signaling through NF-κB, and mechanisms regulating TLR8 protein abundance are not completely understood. Protein degradation is a cellular process controlling protein concentrations, accomplished largely through ubiquitin transfer directed by E3 ligase proteins to substrates. In the present study, we show that TLR8 has a short half-life in THP-1 monocytes (∼1 h) and that TLR8 is ubiquitinated and degraded in the proteasome. Treatment with the TLR8 agonist R848 causes rapid depletion of TLR8 concentrations at early time points, an effect blocked by proteasomal inhibition. We show a novel role for RNF216 (ring finger protein 216), an E3 ligase that targets TLR8 for ubiquitination and degradation. RNF216 overexpression reduces TLR8 concentrations, whereas RNF216 knockdown stabilizes TLR8. We describe a potential role for TLR8 activation by circulating RNA ligands in humans with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): Plasma and extracted RNA fractions from subjects with ARDS activated TLR8 in vitro. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profiling revealed several circulating miRNAs from subjects with ARDS. miRNA mimics promoted TLR8 proteasomal degradation in THP-1 cells. These data show that TLR8 proteasomal disposal through RNF216 in response to RNA ligands regulates TLR8 cellular concentrations and may have implications for innate immune signaling. In addition, TLR8 activation by circulating RNA ligands may be a previously underrecognized stimulus contributing to excessive innate immune signaling characteristic of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Evankovich
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
| | - Travis Lear
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health
| | | | | | - Virginia White
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
| | - John Villandre
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
| | - James Londino
- Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
- Aging Institute
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine
| | - Bryan McVerry
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
| | - Georgios D. Kitsios
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, and
| | - Rama K. Mallampalli
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
- Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; and
- Medical Specialty Service Line, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bill B. Chen
- Department of Medicine, Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
- Aging Institute
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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19
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Tao X, Chu B, Xin D, Li L, Sun Q. USP27X negatively regulates antiviral signaling by deubiquitinating RIG-I. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008293. [PMID: 32027733 PMCID: PMC7029883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RIG-I plays important roles in pathogen sensing and activation of antiviral innate immune responses in response to RNA viruses. RIG-I-mediated signaling must be precisely controlled to maintain innate immune signaling homeostasis. Previous studies demonstrated that lysine 63 (K63)-linked polyubiquitination of RIG-I is vital for its activation, but the mechanisms through which RIG-I is deubiquitinated to control innate immune responses are not well understood. Here we identified USP27X as a negative regulator of antiviral signaling in response to RNA viruses through siRNA library screening. Further functional studies indicated that USP27X negatively modulated RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling in a deubiquitinase-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we found that USP27X removed K63-linked polyubiquitin chains from RIG-I to negatively modulate type I interferon signaling. Collectively, these studies uncover a novel negative regulatory role of USP27X in targeting RIG-I to balance innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Di Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinmiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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20
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Yang W, Ru Y, Ren J, Bai J, Wei J, Fu S, Liu X, Li D, Zheng H. G3BP1 inhibits RNA virus replication by positively regulating RIG-I-mediated cellular antiviral response. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:946. [PMID: 31827077 PMCID: PMC6906297 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a pattern recognition receptor and is involved in the innate immune response against RNA viruses infection. Here, we demonstrate that the Ras-GTPase-activating protein SH3-domain-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) serves as a positive regulator of the RIG-I-mediated signaling pathway. G3BP1-deficient cells inhibited RNA virus-triggered induction of downstream antiviral genes. Furthermore, we found that G3BP1 inhibited the replication of Sendai virus and vesicular stomatitis virus, indicating a positive regulation of G3BP1 to cellular antiviral responses. Mechanistically, G3BP1 formed a complex with RNF125 and RIG-I, leading to decreased RNF125 via its auto-ubiquitination; thus, promoting expression of RIG-I. Overall, the results suggest a novel mechanism for G3BP1 in the positive regulation of antiviral signaling mediated by RIG-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Yi Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Jingjing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Juncui Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Junshu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Shaozu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and OIE/National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.
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21
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Abstract
The innate immune system represents the first defense line of the host following viral infection. The infection triggers the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from the viruses by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the host cell. The interaction between viral PAMPs and PRRs evokes a sophisticated signal transduction system and eventually promotes the expression of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Ubiquitination plays an indispensable role in fine-tuning almost every single step of this signaling cascade given on its versatile functions. Ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs), which cooperatively and accurately regulate the dynamic and reversible ubiquitination process, are the master regulators of antiviral signaling. In this review, we concentrate on summarizing the ubiquitin ligases and DUBs that modulate the central signaling molecules in antiviral innate immunity. Especially, we emphasize the ones that were identified by the immunologists from China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province & Department of Immunology, the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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22
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Zhou H, Du R, Li G, Bai Z, Ma J, Mao C, Wang J, Gui H. Cannabinoid receptor 2 promotes the intracellular degradation of HMGB1 via the autophagy-lysosome pathway in macrophage. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:106007. [PMID: 31806570 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a late phase inflammatory mediator in many inflammatory diseases. Extracellular HMGB1 could bind to many membrane receptors to activate downstream signaling molecules and promote inflammation resulting in cell and tissue damage. In our previous work, we found cannabinoid receptor Ⅱ(CB2R) inhibited the expression of HMGB1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic models in vivo and in vitro, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The present study was aimed to explore the possible pathway through which CB2R suppressed HMGB1. Here, we found that the specific agonist of CB2R, GW405833 (GW) could induce intracellular HMGB1 degradation without influencing HMGB1 mRNA in peritoneal macrophages. Then we observed that autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) but not proteasome inhibitor MG-132 (MG) could block GW-induced HMGB1 degradation, which indicated that the autophagy-lysosome but not the ubiquitination pathway was involved in this process. Further study showed that GW could promote the integrity of autophagy flux in macrophages in terms of increased level of LC3Ⅱand decreased expression of p62 protein. It also observed that inhibition of autophagy blocked GW-induced nuclear translocation of HMGB1 in macrophages. GW could up-regulate expression of Cathepsin B (CTSB), and inhibition of CTSB blocked GW-induced HMGB1 degradation. In summary, all the data showed that activation of CB2R could promote the intracellular degradation of HMGB1 via the autophagy-lysosome pathway in macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Zhou
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Rao Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Zhenjiang Bai
- Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Chenmei Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China.
| | - Huan Gui
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China.
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23
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Abstract
Membrane associated RING-CH (MARCH) ubiquitin ligases control the stability, trafficking and function of important immunoreceptors, including MHC molecules and costimulatory molecule CD86. Regulation of the critical antigen presenting molecule MHC II by MARCH1 and the control of MARCH1 expression by inflammatory stimuli is a key step in the function of antigen presenting cells. MHC II ubiquitination by MARCH8 and CD83 plays a critical role in T cell thymic selection. Recent studies reveal new immune functions of MARCH ligases in innate immunity, regulation of FcγR expression and Treg development. In addition, we review the importance of MARCH in immunomodulation at the host-pathogen interface. Both bacterial and viral pathogens manipulate MARCH function, while MARCH ligases act as an important host anti-viral defence mechanism. Here, we review the role of membrane-bound MARCH ligases in immune function and provide an update on new substrates and concepts. Understanding the increasingly complex roles of MARCH E3 ligases will be vital to develop therapeutic strategies for their regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyin Liu
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Justine D Mintern
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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24
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Wilson KR, Liu H, Healey G, Vuong V, Ishido S, Herold MJ, Villadangos JA, Mintern JD. MARCH1-mediated ubiquitination of MHC II impacts the MHC I antigen presentation pathway. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200540. [PMID: 30001419 PMCID: PMC6042767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) expression and turn-over are regulated via its ubiquitination by the membrane associated RING-CH 1 (MARCH1) E3 ligase. Unexpectedly, we show that MHC II ubiquitination also impacts MHC I. Lack of MARCH1 in B cells and dendritic cells (DCs) resulted in a significant reduction in surface MHC I expression. This decrease was not directly caused by changes in MARCH1 ubiquitination of MHC I but indirectly by altered MHC II trafficking in the absence of its ubiquitination. Deletion of MHC II in March1-/- cells restored normal MHC I surface expression and replacement of wild type MHC II by a variant that could not be ubiquitinated caused a reduction in MHC I expression. Furthermore, these cells displayed inefficient presentation of peptide and protein antigen via MHC I to CD8+ T cells. In summary, we describe an unexpected intersection between MHC I and MHC II such that the surface expression of both molecules are indirectly and directly regulated by MARCH1 ubiquitination, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla R Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Haiyin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geraldine Healey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vivian Vuong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Satoshi Ishido
- Department of Microbiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Marco J Herold
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justine D Mintern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Franco LH, Nair VR, Scharn CR, Xavier RJ, Torrealba JR, Shiloh MU, Levine B. The Ubiquitin Ligase Smurf1 Functions in Selective Autophagy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Anti-tuberculous Host Defense. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 21:59-72. [PMID: 28017659 PMCID: PMC5699477 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
During antibacterial autophagy, ubiquitination of intracellular bacteria recruits proteins that mediate bacterial delivery to the lysosome for degradation. Smurf1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase whose role in selective bacterial autophagy is unknown. We show that Smurf1 facilitates selective autophagy of the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Smurf1-/- macrophages are defective in recruiting polyubiquitin, the proteasome, the ubiquitin-binding autophagy adaptor NBR1, the autophagy protein LC3, and the lysosomal marker LAMP1 to Mtb-associated structures and are more permissive for Mtb growth. This function of Smurf1 requires both its ubiquitin-ligase and C2 phospholipid-binding domains, and involves K48- rather than K63-linked ubiquitination. Chronically infected Smurf1-/- mice have increased bacterial load, increased lung inflammation, and accelerated mortality. SMURF1 controls Mtb replication in human macrophages and associates with bacteria in lungs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Thus, Smurf1 is required for selective autophagy of Mtb and host defense against tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis H Franco
- Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vidhya R Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Caitlyn R Scharn
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02142, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jose R Torrealba
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael U Shiloh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Beth Levine
- Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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26
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Clough B, Wright JD, Pereira PM, Hirst EM, Johnston AC, Henriques R, Frickel EM. K63-Linked Ubiquitination Targets Toxoplasma gondii for Endo-lysosomal Destruction in IFNγ-Stimulated Human Cells. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1006027. [PMID: 27875583 PMCID: PMC5119857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is the most common protozoan parasitic infection in man. Gamma interferon (IFNγ) activates haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic cells to kill the parasite and mediate host resistance. IFNγ-driven host resistance pathways and parasitic virulence factors are well described in mice, but a detailed understanding of pathways that kill Toxoplasma in human cells is lacking. Here we show, that contrary to the widely held belief that the Toxoplasma vacuole is non-fusogenic, in an immune-stimulated environment, the vacuole of type II Toxoplasma in human cells is able to fuse with the host endo-lysosomal machinery leading to parasite death by acidification. Similar to murine cells, we find that type II, but not type I Toxoplasma vacuoles are targeted by K63-linked ubiquitin in an IFNγ-dependent manner in non-haematopoetic primary-like human endothelial cells. Host defence proteins p62 and NDP52 are subsequently recruited to the type II vacuole in distinct, overlapping microdomains with a loss of IFNγ-dependent restriction in p62 knocked down cells. Autophagy proteins Atg16L1, GABARAP and LC3B are recruited to <10% of parasite vacuoles and show no parasite strain preference, which is consistent with inhibition and enhancement of autophagy showing no effect on parasite replication. We demonstrate that this differs from HeLa human epithelial cells, where type II Toxoplasma are restricted by non-canonical autophagy leading to growth stunting that is independent of lysosomal acidification. In contrast to mouse cells, human vacuoles do not break. In HUVEC, the ubiquitinated vacuoles are targeted for destruction in acidified LAMP1-positive endo-lysosomal compartments. Consequently, parasite death can be prevented by inhibiting host ubiquitination and endosomal acidification. Thus, K63-linked ubiquitin recognition leading to vacuolar endo-lysosomal fusion and acidification is an important, novel virulence-driven Toxoplasma human host defence pathway. Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that can invade nucleated cells of any warm-blooded animal into a compartment known as a parasitophorous vacuole (PV). The production of gamma interferon (IFNγ) drives the restriction and killing of Toxoplasma. It is not fully known how the parasite inside the PV is eliminated in human cells, although its fate depends on the cell type into which it invades. In IFNγ-stimulated epithelial HeLa cells for instance growth of type II parasites is restricted 24h post-infection by employing the cellular autophagy pathway. Distinctly, we show here that in human endothelial cells the parasite is destroyed by fusion of the PV with the cell’s endo-lysosomal pathway as early as 6h post-infection. This process, which is at odds with the normally non-fusogenic nature of the PV, is dependent on IFNγ. Parasite death follows Lysine63-linked ubiquitination of the PV and is specific to type II Toxoplasma. Our results demonstrate for the first time that vacuolar acidification leading to parasite death is central to controlling infection by Toxoplasma in human endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Clough
- Host-Toxoplasma Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph D. Wright
- Host-Toxoplasma Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro M. Pereira
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth M. Hirst
- Host-Toxoplasma Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, United Kingdom
| | - Ashleigh C. Johnston
- Host-Toxoplasma Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo Henriques
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Eva-Maria Frickel
- Host-Toxoplasma Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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27
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Bharaj P, Wang YE, Dawes BE, Yun TE, Park A, Yen B, Basler CF, Freiberg AN, Lee B, Rajsbaum R. The Matrix Protein of Nipah Virus Targets the E3-Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM6 to Inhibit the IKKε Kinase-Mediated Type-I IFN Antiviral Response. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005880. [PMID: 27622505 PMCID: PMC5021333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
For efficient replication, viruses have developed mechanisms to evade innate immune responses, including the antiviral type-I interferon (IFN-I) system. Nipah virus (NiV), a highly pathogenic member of the Paramyxoviridae family (genus Henipavirus), is known to encode for four P gene-derived viral proteins (P/C/W/V) with IFN-I antagonist functions. Here we report that NiV matrix protein (NiV-M), which is important for virus assembly and budding, can also inhibit IFN-I responses. IFN-I production requires activation of multiple signaling components including the IκB kinase epsilon (IKKε). We previously showed that the E3-ubiquitin ligase TRIM6 catalyzes the synthesis of unanchored K48-linked polyubiquitin chains, which are not covalently attached to any protein, and activate IKKε for induction of IFN-I mediated antiviral responses. Using co-immunoprecipitation assays and confocal microscopy we show here that the NiV-M protein interacts with TRIM6 and promotes TRIM6 degradation. Consequently, NiV-M expression results in reduced levels of unanchored K48-linked polyubiquitin chains associated with IKKε leading to impaired IKKε oligomerization, IKKε autophosphorylation and reduced IFN-mediated responses. This IFN antagonist function of NiV-M requires a conserved lysine residue (K258) in the bipartite nuclear localization signal that is found in divergent henipaviruses. Consistent with this, the matrix proteins of Ghana, Hendra and Cedar viruses were also able to inhibit IFNβ induction. Live NiV infection, but not a recombinant NiV lacking the M protein, reduced the levels of endogenous TRIM6 protein expression. To our knowledge, matrix proteins of paramyxoviruses have never been reported to be involved in innate immune antagonism. We report here a novel mechanism of viral innate immune evasion by targeting TRIM6, IKKε and unanchored polyubiquitin chains. These findings expand the universe of viral IFN antagonism strategies and provide a new potential target for development of therapeutic interventions against NiV infections. Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic paramyxovirus causing severe respiratory and encephalitic illness with case fatality rates of 40 to 90%. The host type-I interferon (IFN-I) system protects against viral infections; however, to establish productive infection NiV has developed mechanisms to evade these host antiviral responses. An important component of the IFN system is the IKKε kinase, which is directly involved in IFN-I production and IFN-I signaling. The activity of the IKKε kinase is regulated by unanchored K48-linked polyubiquitin chains, a novel form of ubiquitin that is not covalently attached to any protein and can induce activation of kinases by promoting protein oligomerization. These unanchored polyubiquitin chains that activate IKKε are generated by the E3-ubiquitin ligase TRIM6. Here we demonstrate that the matrix structural protein (M) of NiV, which is important for virus assembly and budding, also has IFN-I antagonist functions and interferes with the host antiviral response. We found that NiV-M interacts with TRIM6 and promotes its degradation. Consequently, association of unanchored polyubiquitin chains with IKKε is reduced leading to impaired IKKε activation and ineffective IFN responses. Since the matrix protein is present in the virions and is released immediately after virus entry into the cell, this provides an efficient mechanism to escape the host antiviral response. These data may help explain the highly pathogenic potential of these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Bharaj
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Gavelston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yao E. Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Brian E. Dawes
- Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tatyana E. Yun
- Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Arnold Park
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Yen
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher F. Basler
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alexander N. Freiberg
- Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Benhur Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BL); (RR)
| | - Ricardo Rajsbaum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Gavelston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BL); (RR)
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28
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Bannard O, McGowan SJ, Ersching J, Ishido S, Victora GD, Shin JS, Cyster JG. Ubiquitin-mediated fluctuations in MHC class II facilitate efficient germinal center B cell responses. J Exp Med 2016; 213:993-1009. [PMID: 27162138 PMCID: PMC4886361 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody affinity maturation occurs in germinal centers (GCs) through iterative rounds of somatic hypermutation and selection. Selection involves B cells competing for T cell help based on the amount of antigen they capture and present on their MHC class II (MHCII) proteins. How GC B cells are able to rapidly and repeatedly transition between mutating their B cell receptor genes and then being selected shortly after is not known. We report that MHCII surface levels and degradation are dynamically regulated in GC B cells. Through ectopic expression of a photoconvertible MHCII-mKikGR chimeric gene, we found that individual GC B cells differed in the rates of MHCII protein turnover. Fluctuations in surface MHCII levels were dependent on ubiquitination and the E3 ligase March1. Increases in March1 expression in centroblasts correlated with decreases in surface MHCII levels, whereas CD83 expression in centrocytes helped to stabilize MHCII at that stage. Defects in MHCII ubiquitination caused GC B cells to accumulate greater amounts of a specific peptide-MHCII (pMHCII), suggesting that MHCII turnover facilitates the replacement of old complexes. We propose that pMHCII complexes are periodically targeted for degradation in centroblasts to favor the presentation of recently acquired antigens, thereby promoting the fidelity and efficiency of selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Bannard
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, England, UK Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Simon J McGowan
- Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, England, UK
| | - Jonatan Ersching
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Satoshi Ishido
- Laboratory of Integrative Infection Immunity, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | | | - Jeoung-Sook Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Jason G Cyster
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
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Park CH, Shirsekar G, Bellizzi M, Chen S, Songkumarn P, Xie X, Shi X, Ning Y, Zhou B, Suttiviriya P, Wang M, Umemura K, Wang GL. The E3 Ligase APIP10 Connects the Effector AvrPiz-t to the NLR Receptor Piz-t in Rice. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005529. [PMID: 27031246 PMCID: PMC4816579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins are the major immune receptors in plants, the mechanism that controls their activation and immune signaling remains elusive. Here, we report that the avirulence effector AvrPiz-t from Magnaporthe oryzae targets the rice E3 ligase APIP10 for degradation, but that APIP10, in return, ubiquitinates AvrPiz-t and thereby causes its degradation. Silencing of APIP10 in the non-Piz-t background compromises the basal defense against M. oryzae. Conversely, silencing of APIP10 in the Piz-t background causes cell death, significant accumulation of Piz-t, and enhanced resistance to M. oryzae, suggesting that APIP10 is a negative regulator of Piz-t. We show that APIP10 promotes degradation of Piz-t via the 26S proteasome system. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AvrPiz-t stabilizes Piz-t during M. oryzae infection. Together, our results show that APIP10 is a novel E3 ligase that functionally connects the fungal effector AvrPiz-t to its NLR receptor Piz-t in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Ho Park
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- State Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gautam Shirsekar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Maria Bellizzi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Songbiao Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Pattavipha Songkumarn
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xin Xie
- State Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- State Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Pavinee Suttiviriya
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kenji Umemura
- Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd, Health & Bioscience Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- State Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Ye Y, Tan S, Zhou X, Li X, Jundt MC, Lichter N, Hidebrand A, Dhasarathy A, Wu M. Inhibition of p-IκBα Ubiquitylation by Autophagy-Related Gene 7 to Regulate Inflammatory Responses to Bacterial Infection. J Infect Dis 2015; 212:1816-26. [PMID: 26022442 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae causes serious infections and healthcare burdens in humans. We have previously reported that the deficiency of autophagy-related gene (Atg) 7 in macrophages (murine alveolar macrophage cell line [MH-S]) induced irregular host immunity against K. pneumoniae and worsened pathologic effects in the lung. In the current study, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which Atg7 influenced K. pneumoniae-induced inflammatory responses. METHODS Expression levels of Atg7, ubiquitin (Ub), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and phosphorylation of IκBα (p-IκBα) were determined with immunoblotting. Ubiquitylation of p-IκBα was determined with immunoprecipitation. RESULTS We noted an interaction between Atg7 and p-IκBα, which was decreased in MH-S after K. pneumoniae infection, whereas the interaction between Ub and p-IκBα was increased. Knock-down of Atg7 with small interfering RNA increased p-IκBα ubiquitylation, promoted nuclear factor κB translocation into the nucleus, and increased the production of TNF-α. Moreover, knock-down of Ub with lentivirus-short hairpin RNA Ub particles decreased binding of p-IκBα to Ub and inhibited TNF-α expression in the primary alveolar macrophages and lung tissue of atg7-knockout mice on K. pneumoniae infection. CONCLUSIONS Loss of Atg7 switched binding of p-IκBα from Atg7 to Ub, resulting in increased ubiquitylation of p-IκBα and intensified inflammatory responses against K. pneumoniae. Our findings not only reveal a regulatory role of Atg7 in ubiquitylation of p-IκBα but also indicate potential therapeutic targets for K. pneumoniae control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ye
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks
| | - Shirui Tan
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming
| | - Xikun Zhou
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael C Jundt
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks
| | - Natalie Lichter
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks
| | - Alec Hidebrand
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks
| | - Archana Dhasarathy
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks
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Abstract
Host pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns generated by invading viruses and initiate a series of signaling cascades that lead to the activation of interferon-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and subsequent induction of type I interferons (IFNs). Posttranslational modification of proteins by ubiquitin plays an essential role in mediating or regulating the virus-triggered PRRs-mediated signaling. Deubiquitination is the reversible process of ubiquitination and its role in regulating PRRs-mediated signaling has recently been explored. In this review, we first summarize the ubiquitination events in PRRs-mediated signaling that is triggered by viral nucleic acid and then focus on host and viral deubiquitinating enzymes-mediated regulation of virus-triggered signaling that modulates the activation of IRF3 and NF-κB and subsequent induction of type I IFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Lin
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Pan Y, Li R, Meng JL, Mao HT, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Smurf2 negatively modulates RIG-I-dependent antiviral response by targeting VISA/MAVS for ubiquitination and degradation. J Immunol 2014; 192:4758-64. [PMID: 24729608 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
VISA (also known as MAVS, Cardif, IPS-1) is the essential adaptor protein for virus-induced activation of IFN regulatory factors 3 and 7 and production of type I IFNs. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms for VISA will provide detailed insights into the positive or negative regulation of innate immune responses. In this study, we identified Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor (Smurf) 2, one of the Smad ubiquitin regulator factor proteins, as an important negative regulator of virus-triggered type I IFN signaling, which targets at the VISA level. Overexpression of Smurf2 inhibits virus-induced IFN-β and IFN-stimulated response element activation. The E3 ligase defective mutant Smurf2/C716A loses the ability to suppress virus-induced type I IFN signaling, suggesting that the negative regulation is dependent on the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity of Smurf2. Further studies demonstrated that Smurf2 interacted with VISA and targeted VISA for K48-linked ubiquitination, which promoted the degradation of VISA. Consistently, knockout or knockdown of Smurf2 expression therefore promoted antiviral signaling, which was correlated with the increase in protein stability of VISA. Our findings suggest that Smurf2 is an important nonredundant negative regulator of virus-triggered type I IFN signaling by targeting VISA for K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Ministry of Health), Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Karim R, Tummers B, Meyers C, Biryukov JL, Alam S, Backendorf C, Jha V, Offringa R, van Ommen GJB, Melief CJM, Guardavaccaro D, Boer JM, van der Burg SH. Human papillomavirus (HPV) upregulates the cellular deubiquitinase UCHL1 to suppress the keratinocyte's innate immune response. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003384. [PMID: 23717208 PMCID: PMC3662672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection of basal keratinocytes with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) may cause cancer. Keratinocytes are equipped with different pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) but hrHPV has developed ways to dampen their signals resulting in minimal inflammation and evasion of host immunity for sustained periods of time. To understand the mechanisms underlying hrHPV's capacity to evade immunity, we studied PRR signaling in non, newly, and persistently hrHPV-infected keratinocytes. We found that active infection with hrHPV hampered the relay of signals downstream of the PRRs to the nucleus, thereby affecting the production of type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This suppression was shown to depend on hrHPV-induced expression of the cellular protein ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) in keratinocytes. UCHL1 accomplished this by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) K63 poly-ubiquitination which lead to lower levels of TRAF3 bound to TANK-binding kinase 1 and a reduced phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3. Furthermore, UCHL1 mediated the degradation of the NF-kappa-B essential modulator with as result the suppression of p65 phosphorylation and canonical NF-κB signaling. We conclude that hrHPV exploits the cellular protein UCHL1 to evade host innate immunity by suppressing PRR-induced keratinocyte-mediated production of interferons, cytokines and chemokines, which normally results in the attraction and activation of an adaptive immune response. This identifies UCHL1 as a negative regulator of PRR-induced immune responses and consequently its virus-increased expression as a strategy for hrHPV to persist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezaul Karim
- Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Tummers
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Craig Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Biryukov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Samina Alam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Claude Backendorf
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Veena Jha
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Offringa
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan B. van Ommen
- Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J. M. Melief
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Guardavaccaro
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M. Boer
- Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H. van der Burg
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Cajee UF, Hull R, Ntwasa M. Modification by ubiquitin-like proteins: significance in apoptosis and autophagy pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:11804-11831. [PMID: 23109884 PMCID: PMC3472776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms130911804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) confer diverse functions on their target proteins. The modified proteins are involved in various biological processes, including DNA replication, signal transduction, cell cycle control, embryogenesis, cytoskeletal regulation, metabolism, stress response, homeostasis and mRNA processing. Modifiers such as SUMO, ATG12, ISG15, FAT10, URM1, and UFM have been shown to modify proteins thus conferring functions related to programmed cell death, autophagy and regulation of the immune system. Putative modifiers such as Domain With No Name (DWNN) have been identified in recent times but not fully characterized. In this review, we focus on cellular processes involving human Ubls and their targets. We review current progress in targeting these modifiers for drug design strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar-Faruq Cajee
- School of Molecular & Cell Biology, Gatehouse 512, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa; E-Mails: (U.-F.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Rodney Hull
- School of Molecular & Cell Biology, Gatehouse 512, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa; E-Mails: (U.-F.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Monde Ntwasa
- School of Molecular & Cell Biology, Gatehouse 512, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa; E-Mails: (U.-F.C.); (R.H.)
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Qian J, Zheng H, HuangFu WC, Liu J, Carbone CJ, Leu NA, Baker DP, Fuchs SY. Pathogen recognition receptor signaling accelerates phosphorylation-dependent degradation of IFNAR1. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002065. [PMID: 21695243 PMCID: PMC3111542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An ability to sense pathogens by a number of specialized cell types including the dendritic cells plays a central role in host's defenses. Activation of these cells through the stimulation of the pathogen-recognition receptors induces the production of a number of cytokines including Type I interferons (IFNs) that mediate the diverse mechanisms of innate immunity. Type I IFNs interact with the Type I IFN receptor, composed of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 chains, to mount the host defense responses. However, at the same time, Type I IFNs elicit potent anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects that could be detrimental for IFN-producing cells. Here, we report that the activation of p38 kinase in response to pathogen-recognition receptors stimulation results in a series of phosphorylation events within the IFNAR1 chain of the Type I IFN receptor. This phosphorylation promotes IFNAR1 ubiquitination and accelerates the proteolytic turnover of this receptor leading to an attenuation of Type I IFN signaling and the protection of activated dendritic cells from the cytotoxic effects of autocrine or paracrine Type I IFN. In this paper we discuss a potential role of this mechanism in regulating the processes of innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Qian
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Wei-Chun HuangFu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jianghuai Liu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. Carbone
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - N. Adrian Leu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Darren P. Baker
- BiogenIdec, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Serge Y. Fuchs
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Although the critical role of T-cell receptor (TCR) microclusters in T-cell activation is now widely accepted, the mechanisms of regulation of these TCR-rich structures, which also contain enzymes, adapters, and effectors, remain poorly defined. Soon after microcluster formation, several signaling proteins rapidly dissociate from the TCR. Recent studies from our laboratory demonstrated that the movement of the adapters linker for activation of T cells (LAT) and Src homology 2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa (SLP-76) away from initial microcluster formation sites represents endocytic events. Ubiquitylation, Cbl proteins, and multiple endocytic pathways are involved in the internalization events that disassemble signaling microclusters. Several recent studies have indicated that microcluster movement and centralization plays an important role in signal termination. We suggest that microcluster movement is directly linked to endocytic events, thus implicating endocytosis of microclusters as a means to regulate signaling output of the T cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Balagopalan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Valarie A. Barr
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence E. Samelson
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Matsumiya T, Imaizumi T, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Topham MK, Stafforini DM. The levels of retinoic acid-inducible gene I are regulated by heat shock protein 90-alpha. J Immunol 2009; 182:2717-25. [PMID: 19234166 PMCID: PMC2722243 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0802933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor that plays important roles during innate immune responses to viral dsRNAs. The mechanisms and signaling molecules that participate in the downstream events that follow activation of RIG-I are incompletely characterized. In addition, the factors that define intracellular availability of RIG-I and determine its steady-state levels are only partially understood but are likely to play a major role during innate immune responses. It was recently reported that the antiviral activity of RIG-I is negatively regulated by specific E3 ubiquitin ligases, suggesting participation of the proteasome in the regulation of RIG-I levels. In this study, we used immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry to identify RIG-I-interacting proteins and found that RIG-I forms part of a protein complex that includes heat shock protein 90-alpha (HSP90-alpha), a molecular chaperone. Biochemical studies using purified systems demonstrated that the association between RIG-I and HSP90-alpha is direct but does not involve participation of the CARD domain. Inhibition of HSP90 activity leads to the dissociation of the RIG-I-HSP90 complex, followed by ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of RIG-I. In contrast, the levels of RIG-I mRNA are unaffected. Our studies also show that the ability of RIG-I to respond to stimulation with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid is abolished when its interaction with HSP90 is inhibited. These novel findings point to HSP90-alpha as a chaperone that shields RIG-I from proteasomal degradation and modulates its activity. These studies identify a new mechanism whose dysregulation may seriously compromise innate antiviral responses in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoh Matsumiya
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5550, U.S.A
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Tadaatsu Imaizumi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Hidemi Yoshida
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Kei Satoh
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Matthew K. Topham
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5550, U.S.A
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5550, U.S.A
| | - Diana M. Stafforini
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5550, U.S.A
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5550, U.S.A
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38
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Abstract
The innate immune system is essential for the initial detection of invading viruses and subsequent activation of adaptive immunity. Three classes of receptors, designated retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), sense viral components, such as double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), single-stranded RNA, and DNA. RLRs and TLRs play essential roles in the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines in cell type-specific manners. While the RLRs play essential roles in the recognition of RNA viruses in various cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells utilize TLRs for detecting virus invasion. NLRs play a role in the production of mature interleukin-1 beta to dsRNA stimulation. Activation of innate immune cells is critical for mounting adaptive immune responses. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of viral RNA recognition by these different types of receptors and its relation to acquired immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Vallabhapurapu S, Matsuzawa A, Zhang W, Tseng PH, Keats JJ, Wang H, Vignali DAA, Bergsagel PL, Karin M. Nonredundant and complementary functions of TRAF2 and TRAF3 in a ubiquitination cascade that activates NIK-dependent alternative NF-kappaB signaling. Nat Immunol 2008; 9:1364-70. [PMID: 18997792 PMCID: PMC2671996 DOI: 10.1038/ni.1678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 493] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The adaptor and signaling proteins TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1 and cIAP2 may inhibit alternative nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling in resting cells by targeting NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK) for ubiquitin-dependent degradation, thus preventing processing of the NF-kappaB2 precursor protein p100 to release p52. However, the respective functions of TRAF2 and TRAF3 in NIK degradation and activation of alternative NF-kappaB signaling have remained elusive. We now show that CD40 or BAFF receptor activation result in TRAF3 degradation in a cIAP1-cIAP2- and TRAF2-dependent way owing to enhanced cIAP1, cIAP2 TRAF3-directed ubiquitin ligase activity. Receptor-induced activation of cIAP1 and cIAP2 correlated with their K63-linked ubiquitination by TRAF2. Degradation of TRAF3 prevented association of NIK with the cIAP1-cIAP2-TRAF2 ubiquitin ligase complex, which resulted in NIK stabilization and NF-kappaB2-p100 processing. Constitutive activation of this pathway causes perinatal lethality and lymphoid defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Vallabhapurapu
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 93093, USA
| | - Atsushi Matsuzawa
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 93093, USA
| | - WeiZhou Zhang
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 93093, USA
| | - Ping-Hui Tseng
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 93093, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Keats
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Haopeng Wang
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105–2794, USA
| | - Dario A. A. Vignali
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105–2794, USA
| | - P. Leif Bergsagel
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 93093, USA
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Fassbender M, Herter S, Holtappels R, Schild H. Correlation of dendritic cell maturation and the formation of aggregates of poly-ubiquitinated proteins in the cytosol. Med Microbiol Immunol 2008; 197:185-189. [PMID: 18340462 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-008-0091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most powerful antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the immune system. Therefore, they are able to take up antigen by phagocytosis, macropinocytosis or endocytosis, process it in the cytosol and present it to naive T cells. It is known that presentation of the immunodominant influenza virus nucleoprotein-derived CTL epitope is delayed in bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) compared to non-professional APCs. This delay coincided with the formation of transient aggregations of ubiquitinated proteins (DALIS, dendritic cell aggresome-like induced structures), which contain probably defective ribosomal products (DRiPs). DRiPs appear in the cytosol of maturing DCs and macrophages. Normally, DRiPs are degraded rapidly by proteasomes. However, their storage in DALIS delays their degradation. So, it is hypothesized that DALIS can function as antigen depots allowing DCs to coordinate maturation and antigen presentation during their migration to the lymph nodes. Upon inhibition of several pathways among the in signal transduction pathways of DCs, like the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) or the mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR), the cells show a rendered maturation profile. The formation of DALIS is inhibited in these cells which can be expected to influence antigen processing and presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Fassbender
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Hochhaus am Augustusplatz 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Reiley WW, Jin W, Lee AJ, Wright A, Wu X, Tewalt EF, Leonard TO, Norbury CC, Fitzpatrick L, Zhang M, Sun SC. Deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD negatively regulates the ubiquitin-dependent kinase Tak1 and prevents abnormal T cell responses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 204:1475-85. [PMID: 17548520 PMCID: PMC2118606 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20062694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD has recently been implicated in the regulation of signal transduction, but its physiological function and mechanism of action are still elusive. In this study, we show that CYLD plays a pivotal role in regulating T cell activation and homeostasis. T cells derived from Cyld knockout mice display a hyperresponsive phenotype and mediate the spontaneous development of intestinal inflammation. Interestingly, CYLD targets a ubiquitin-dependent kinase, transforming growth factor–β-activated kinase 1 (Tak1), and inhibits its ubiquitination and autoactivation. Cyld-deficient T cells exhibit constitutively active Tak1 and its downstream kinases c-Jun N-terminal kinase and IκB kinase β. These results emphasize a critical role for CYLD in preventing spontaneous activation of the Tak1 axis of T cell signaling and, thereby, maintaining normal T cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Reiley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Muñoz U, Bartolomé F, Bermejo F, Martín-Requero A. Enhanced proteasome-dependent degradation of the CDK inhibitor p27(kip1) in immortalized lymphocytes from Alzheimer's dementia patients. Neurobiol Aging 2007; 29:1474-84. [PMID: 17448572 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Revised: 01/25/2007] [Accepted: 03/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(kip1) (p27), a critical determinant for cell cycle progression, is an important regulation target of mitogenic signals. We have recently reported the existence of a molecular link between decreased p27 levels and enhanced phosphorylation of pRb protein and proliferation of immortalized lymphocytes from Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. These cell cycle disturbances might be considered systemic manifestations, which mirror changes thought to occur in the brain, where post-mitotic neurons have been shown to display various cell cycle markers prior to degeneration. This work was undertaken to delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying the p27 down-regulation associated with AD. To this end, we evaluated the p27 protein stability in control and AD lymphoblasts. Half-life of p27 protein was markedly reduced in lymphoblasts from AD patients compared with that in control cells. The increased phosphorylation of p27 at Thr187, rather than changes in the 26S proteasome activity, is likely responsible for the enhanced degradation of p27 in AD cells. The serum-induced enhanced proliferation of AD lymphoblasts and decreased levels of p27 were abrogated by calmodulin (CaM) antagonists. The findings presented here suggest that Ca(2+)/CaM-dependent overactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling cascade in AD cells, plays an important role in regulating p27 abundance by increasing its degradation in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Muñoz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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