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Dawoud MM, Jones DT, Chelala C, Abdou AG, Dreger SA, Asaad N, Abd El-Wahed M, Jones L. Expression Profile of Myoepithelial Cells in DCIS: Do They Change From Protective Angels to Wicked Witches? Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:397-409. [PMID: 35467556 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of transition of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive cancer is elusive but recently changes in the myoepithelial cells (MECs) have been implicated. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in gene profile of MECs in DCIS that could compromise their tumor suppressor function leading to promotion of tumor progression. Immuno-laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to isolate MECs from normal and DCIS breast tissues followed by whole genome expression profiling using Affymetrix HGU-133 plus2.0 arrays. The data were analyzed using Bioconductor packages then validated by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Ingenuity Pathways software analysis showed clustering of most of the altered genes in cancer and cell death networks, with the Wnt/B-catenin pathway as the top canonical pathway. Validation revealed a 71.4% correlation rate with the array results. Most dramatic was upregulation of Fibronectin 1 ( FN1 ) in DCIS-associated MECs. Immunohistochemistry analysis for FN1 on normal and DCIS tissues confirmed a strong correlation between FN1 protein expression by MECs and DCIS ( P <0.0001) and between high expression level and presence of invasion ( P =0.006) in DCIS. Other validated alterations in MEC expression profile included upregulation of Nephronectin and downregulation of parathyroid hormone like hormone ( PTHLH ), fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 ( FGFR2 ), ADAMTS5 , TGFBR3 , and CAV1 . In vitro experiments revealed downregulation of PTHLH in DCIS-modified MECs versus normal lines when cultured on Fibronectin matrix. This is the first study to use this in vivo technique to investigate molecular changes in MECs in DCIS. This study adds more evidences to the molecular deviations in MECs toward tumor progression in DCIS through upregulation of the tumor-promoting molecules that may lead to novel predictive and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Dawoud
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Dylan T Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Institute of Cancer & CR-UK Clinical Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ
| | - Claude Chelala
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Institute of Cancer & CR-UK Clinical Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ
| | - Asmaa G Abdou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sally A Dreger
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Institute of Cancer & CR-UK Clinical Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ
- Gut Microbes in Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - Nancy Asaad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | | | - Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Institute of Cancer & CR-UK Clinical Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ
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Bethlehem RAI, Seidlitz J, White SR, Vogel JW, Anderson KM, Adamson C, Adler S, Alexopoulos GS, Anagnostou E, Areces-Gonzalez A, Astle DE, Auyeung B, Ayub M, Bae J, Ball G, Baron-Cohen S, Beare R, Bedford SA, Benegal V, Beyer F, Blangero J, Blesa Cábez M, Boardman JP, Borzage M, Bosch-Bayard JF, Bourke N, Calhoun VD, Chakravarty MM, Chen C, Chertavian C, Chetelat G, Chong YS, Cole JH, Corvin A, Costantino M, Courchesne E, Crivello F, Cropley VL, Crosbie J, Crossley N, Delarue M, Delorme R, Desrivieres S, Devenyi GA, Di Biase MA, Dolan R, Donald KA, Donohoe G, Dunlop K, Edwards AD, Elison JT, Ellis CT, Elman JA, Eyler L, Fair DA, Feczko E, Fletcher PC, Fonagy P, Franz CE, Galan-Garcia L, Gholipour A, Giedd J, Gilmore JH, Glahn DC, Goodyer IM, Grant PE, Groenewold NA, Gunning FM, Gur RE, Gur RC, Hammill CF, Hansson O, Hedden T, Heinz A, Henson RN, Heuer K, Hoare J, Holla B, Holmes AJ, Holt R, Huang H, Im K, Ipser J, Jack CR, Jackowski AP, Jia T, Johnson KA, Jones PB, Jones DT, Kahn RS, Karlsson H, Karlsson L, Kawashima R, Kelley EA, Kern S, Kim KW, Kitzbichler MG, Kremen WS, Lalonde F, Landeau B, Lee S, Lerch J, Lewis JD, Li J, Liao W, Liston C, Lombardo MV, Lv J, Lynch C, Mallard TT, Marcelis M, Markello RD, Mathias SR, Mazoyer B, McGuire P, Meaney MJ, Mechelli A, Medic N, Misic B, Morgan SE, Mothersill D, Nigg J, Ong MQW, Ortinau C, Ossenkoppele R, Ouyang M, Palaniyappan L, Paly L, Pan PM, Pantelis C, Park MM, Paus T, Pausova Z, Paz-Linares D, Pichet Binette A, Pierce K, Qian X, Qiu J, Qiu A, Raznahan A, Rittman T, Rodrigue A, Rollins CK, Romero-Garcia R, Ronan L, Rosenberg MD, Rowitch DH, Salum GA, Satterthwaite TD, Schaare HL, Schachar RJ, Schultz AP, Schumann G, Schöll M, Sharp D, Shinohara RT, Skoog I, Smyser CD, Sperling RA, Stein DJ, Stolicyn A, Suckling J, Sullivan G, Taki Y, Thyreau B, Toro R, Traut N, Tsvetanov KA, Turk-Browne NB, Tuulari JJ, Tzourio C, Vachon-Presseau É, Valdes-Sosa MJ, Valdes-Sosa PA, Valk SL, van Amelsvoort T, Vandekar SN, Vasung L, Victoria LW, Villeneuve S, Villringer A, Vértes PE, Wagstyl K, Wang YS, Warfield SK, Warrier V, Westman E, Westwater ML, Whalley HC, Witte AV, Yang N, Yeo B, Yun H, Zalesky A, Zar HJ, Zettergren A, Zhou JH, Ziauddeen H, Zugman A, Zuo XN, Bullmore ET, Alexander-Bloch AF. Brain charts for the human lifespan. Nature 2022; 604:525-533. [PMID: 35388223 PMCID: PMC9021021 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04554-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 202.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A I Bethlehem
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - J Seidlitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - S R White
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J W Vogel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Informatics & Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - K M Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Adamson
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Adler
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health, London, UK
| | - G S Alexopoulos
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - E Anagnostou
- Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Areces-Gonzalez
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- University of Pinar del Río "Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca", Pinar del Río, Cuba
| | - D E Astle
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B Auyeung
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Ayub
- Queen's University, Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- University College London, Mental Health Neuroscience Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - J Bae
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - G Ball
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Lifetime Asperger Syndrome Service (CLASS), Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Beare
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S A Bedford
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - V Benegal
- Centre for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - F Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics, South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - M Blesa Cábez
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J P Boardman
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Borzage
- Fetal and Neonatal Institute, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J F Bosch-Bayard
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Bourke
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Care Research and Technology Centre, Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
| | - V D Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M M Chakravarty
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Computational Brain Anatomy (CoBrA) Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - C Chen
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Chertavian
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - G Chetelat
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Y S Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J H Cole
- Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), University College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre (DRC), University College London, London, UK
| | - A Corvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Costantino
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada
- Undergraduate program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - E Courchesne
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Autism Center of Excellence, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - F Crivello
- Institute of Neurodegenerative Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - V L Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Crosbie
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Crossley
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Instituto Milenio Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Delarue
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - R Delorme
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - S Desrivieres
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G A Devenyi
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, McGill Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M A Di Biase
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Dolan
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - K A Donald
- Division of Developmental Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - G Donohoe
- Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics (NICOG), School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - K Dunlop
- Weil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A D Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, London, UK
| | - J T Elison
- Institute of Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C T Ellis
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J A Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - L Eyler
- Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D A Fair
- Institute of Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - E Feczko
- Institute of Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - P C Fletcher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, and Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Fonagy
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
| | - C E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - A Gholipour
- Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Giedd
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J H Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I M Goodyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P E Grant
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Neuroradiology, Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N A Groenewold
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - F M Gunning
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - R E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C F Hammill
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - O Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - T Hedden
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Heinz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - R N Henson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - K Heuer
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - J Hoare
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - B Holla
- Department of Integrative Medicine, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, India
- Accelerator Program for Discovery in Brain disorders using Stem cells (ADBS), Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, India
| | - A J Holmes
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - R Holt
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H Huang
- Radiology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - K Im
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Neuroradiology, Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Ipser
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C R Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A P Jackowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry, Beijing, China
| | - T Jia
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and BrainInspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K A Johnson
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Aging Brain Study, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P B Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - D T Jones
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - H Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Turku Brain and Mind Center, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - L Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Turku Brain and Mind Center, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - R Kawashima
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
| | - E A Kelley
- Queen's University, Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Kern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K W Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M G Kitzbichler
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - F Lalonde
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Landeau
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - S Lee
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J D Lewis
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - W Liao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - C Liston
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - M V Lombardo
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratory for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - J Lv
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Lynch
- Weil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - T T Mallard
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - M Marcelis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R D Markello
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S R Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - B Mazoyer
- Institute of Neurodegenerative Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M J Meaney
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Mechelli
- Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - N Medic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B Misic
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S E Morgan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - D Mothersill
- Department of Psychology, School of Business, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Psychology and Center for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Nigg
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - M Q W Ong
- Center for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Ortinau
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - R Ossenkoppele
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Lund University, Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Ouyang
- Radiology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L Palaniyappan
- Robarts Research Institute and The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Paly
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - P M Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Poalo (UNIFESP), Sao Poalo, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), Sao Poalo, Brazil
| | - C Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M M Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Paus
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Z Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Paz-Linares
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Cuban Neuroscience Center, Havana, Cuba
| | - A Pichet Binette
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - K Pierce
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - X Qian
- Center for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Qiu
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - A Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - T Rittman
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Rodrigue
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C K Rollins
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Romero-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Seville, Spain
| | - L Ronan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M D Rosenberg
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D H Rowitch
- Department of Paediatrics and Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - G A Salum
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T D Satterthwaite
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Informatics & Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H L Schaare
- Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - R J Schachar
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A P Schultz
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Aging Brain Study, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - G Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Institute for Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- PONS-Centre, Charite Mental Health, Dept of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charite Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Schöll
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen's Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - D Sharp
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Care Research and Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
| | - R T Shinohara
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - I Skoog
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C D Smyser
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - R A Sperling
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Aging Brain Study, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D J Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Stolicyn
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - G Sullivan
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Y Taki
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
| | - B Thyreau
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan
| | - R Toro
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Neuroscience, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - N Traut
- Department of Neuroscience, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Center for Research and Interdisciplinarity (CRI), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - K A Tsvetanov
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - N B Turk-Browne
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J J Tuulari
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Turku Brain and Mind Center, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - C Tzourio
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, U1219, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - É Vachon-Presseau
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - P A Valdes-Sosa
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain (AECRP), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S L Valk
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine 7, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - T van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S N Vandekar
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - L Vasung
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - L W Victoria
- Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Villeneuve
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P E Vértes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - K Wagstyl
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, London, UK
| | - Y S Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Lifespan Development of Brain and Mind, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S K Warfield
- Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V Warrier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M L Westwater
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A V Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, CRC 1052 'Obesity Mechanisms', University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - N Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Lifespan Development of Brain and Mind, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Yeo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition and Centre for Translational MR Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health & Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Yun
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Neuroradiology, Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - H J Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Zettergren
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J H Zhou
- Center for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H Ziauddeen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Zugman
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), Sao Poalo, Brazil
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - X N Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Lifespan Development of Brain and Mind, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Education, School of Education Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - E T Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A F Alexander-Bloch
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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3
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Cogswell PM, Murphy MC, Senjem ML, Botha H, Gunter JL, Elder BD, Graff-Radford J, Jones DT, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Schwarz CG, Meyer FB, Huston J, Jack CR. Changes in Ventricular and Cortical Volumes following Shunt Placement in Patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:2165-2171. [PMID: 34674997 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE While changes in ventricular and extraventricular CSF spaces have been studied following shunt placement in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, regional changes in cortical volumes have not. These changes are important to better inform disease pathophysiology and evaluation for copathology. The purpose of this work is to investigate changes in ventricular and cortical volumes in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus following ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus who underwent 3D T1-weighted MR imaging before and after ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Images were analyzed using tensor-based morphometry with symmetric normalization to determine the percentage change in ventricular and regional cortical volumes. Ventricular volume changes were assessed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and cortical volume changes, using a linear mixed-effects model (P < .05). RESULTS The study included 22 patients (5 women/17 men; mean age, 73 [SD, 6] years). Ventricular volume decreased after shunt placement with a mean change of -15.4% (P < .001). Measured cortical volume across all participants and cortical ROIs showed a mean percentage increase of 1.4% (P < .001). ROIs near the vertex showed the greatest percentage increase in volume after shunt placement, with smaller decreases in volume in the medial temporal lobes. CONCLUSIONS Overall, cortical volumes mildly increased after shunt placement in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus with the greatest increases in regions near the vertex, indicating postshunt decompression of the cortex and sulci. Ventricular volumes showed an expected decrease after shunt placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Cogswell
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.M.C., M.C.M., J.L.G., C.G.S., J.H., C.R.J.)
| | - M C Murphy
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.M.C., M.C.M., J.L.G., C.G.S., J.H., C.R.J.)
| | | | - H Botha
- Neurology (H.B., J.G.-R., D.T.J., J.K.C.-G.)
| | - J L Gunter
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.M.C., M.C.M., J.L.G., C.G.S., J.H., C.R.J.)
| | - B D Elder
- Neurosurgery (B.D.E., F.B.M.)
- Biomedical Engineering (B.D.E.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - D T Jones
- Neurology (H.B., J.G.-R., D.T.J., J.K.C.-G.)
| | | | - C G Schwarz
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.M.C., M.C.M., J.L.G., C.G.S., J.H., C.R.J.)
| | | | - J Huston
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.M.C., M.C.M., J.L.G., C.G.S., J.H., C.R.J.)
| | - C R Jack
- From the Departments of Radiology (P.M.C., M.C.M., J.L.G., C.G.S., J.H., C.R.J.)
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4
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Jones DT, Valli A, Haider S, Zhang Q, Smethurst EA, Schug ZT, Peck B, Aboagye EO, Critchlow SE, Schulze A, Gottlieb E, Wakelam MJO, Harris AL. 3D Growth of Cancer Cells Elicits Sensitivity to Kinase Inhibitors but Not Lipid Metabolism Modifiers. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:376-388. [PMID: 30478149 PMCID: PMC6611711 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells exhibit altered lipid metabolism compared with normal cells. Cell signaling kinases are important for regulating lipid synthesis and energy storage. How upstream kinases regulate lipid content, versus direct targeting of lipid-metabolizing enzymes, is currently unexplored. We evaluated intracellular lipid concentrations in prostate and breast tumor spheroids, treated with drugs directly inhibiting metabolic enzymes fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), diacylglyceride acyltransferase (DGAT), and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDHK), or cell signaling kinase enzymes PI3K, AKT, and mTOR with lipidomic analysis. We assessed whether baseline lipid profiles corresponded to inhibitors' effectiveness in modulating lipid profiles in three-dimensional (3D) growth and their relationship to therapeutic activity. Inhibitors against PI3K, AKT, and mTOR significantly inhibited MDA-MB-468 and PC3 cell growth in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D spheroid growth, while moderately altering lipid content. Conversely, metabolism inhibitors against FASN and DGAT altered lipid content most effectively, while only moderately inhibiting growth compared with kinase inhibitors. The FASN and ACC inhibitors' effectiveness in MDA-MB-468, versus PC3, suggested the former depended more on synthesis, whereas the latter may salvage lipids. Although baseline lipid profiles did not predict growth effects, lipid changes on therapy matched the growth effects of FASN and DGAT inhibitors. Several phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine, were also upregulated following treatment, possibly via the Kennedy pathway. As this promotes tumor growth, combination studies should include drugs targeting it. Two-dimensional drug screening may miss important metabolism inhibitors or underestimate their potency. Clinical studies should consider serial measurements of tumor lipids to prove target modulation. Pretherapy tumor classification by de novo lipid synthesis versus uptake may help demonstrate efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- Target Discovery Institute, NDM Research Building, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Alessandro Valli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Syed Haider
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A Smethurst
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK, Angel Building, Clerkenwell, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Barrie Peck
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric O Aboagye
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E Critchlow
- Bioscience, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Almut Schulze
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Bicenter, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany; and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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5
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Ratnaparkhe M, Hlevnjak M, Kolb T, Jauch A, Maass KK, Devens F, Rode A, Hovestadt V, Korshunov A, Pastorczak A, Mlynarski W, Sungalee S, Korbel J, Hoell J, Fischer U, Milde T, Kramm C, Nathrath M, Chrzanowska K, Tausch E, Takagi M, Taga T, Constantini S, Loeffen J, Meijerink J, Zielen S, Gohring G, Schlegelberger B, Maass E, Siebert R, Kunz J, Kulozik AE, Worst B, Jones DT, Pfister SM, Zapatka M, Lichter P, Ernst A. Genomic profiling of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in ataxia telangiectasia patients reveals tight link between ATM mutations and chromothripsis. Leukemia 2017; 31:2048-2056. [PMID: 28196983 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in sequencing technologies led to the discovery of a novel form of genomic instability, termed chromothripsis. This catastrophic genomic event, involved in tumorigenesis, is characterized by tens to hundreds of simultaneously acquired locally clustered rearrangements on one chromosome. We hypothesized that leukemias developing in individuals with Ataxia Telangiectasia, who are born with two mutated copies of the ATM gene, an essential guardian of genome stability, would show a higher prevalence of chromothripsis due to the associated defect in DNA double-strand break repair. Using whole-genome sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization and RNA sequencing, we characterized the genomic landscape of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) arising in patients with Ataxia Telangiectasia. We detected a high frequency of chromothriptic events in these tumors, specifically on acrocentric chromosomes, as compared with tumors from individuals with other types of DNA repair syndromes (27 cases total, 10 with Ataxia Telangiectasia). Our data suggest that the genomic landscape of Ataxia Telangiectasia ALL is clearly distinct from that of sporadic ALL. Mechanistically, short telomeres and compromised DNA damage response in cells of Ataxia Telangiectasia patients may be linked with frequent chromothripsis. Furthermore, we show that ATM loss is associated with increased chromothripsis prevalence in additional tumor entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ratnaparkhe
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Hlevnjak
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Kolb
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Jauch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K K Maass
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Devens
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Rode
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Hovestadt
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Korshunov
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department of Neuropathology University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Pastorczak
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - W Mlynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - S Sungalee
- EMBL Heidelberg, Genome Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Korbel
- EMBL Heidelberg, Genome Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Hoell
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - U Fischer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - T Milde
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Kramm
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Goettingen, Germany
| | - M Nathrath
- Clinical Cooperation Group Osteosarcoma, Pediatric Oncology Center, Department of Pediatrics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Klinikum Kassel, Kassel, Germany
| | - K Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Tausch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Germany
| | - M Takagi
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Taga
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - S Constantini
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Dana Children's Hospital, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Loeffen
- Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Meijerink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Zielen
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Cystic Fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - G Gohring
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - B Schlegelberger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - E Maass
- Olgahospital Stuttgart, Children's Hospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - R Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel/Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Germany
| | - J Kunz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A E Kulozik
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Worst
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D T Jones
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S M Pfister
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Zapatka
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Lichter
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Ernst
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Mably AJ, Gereke BJ, Jones DT, Colgin LL. Impairments in spatial representations and rhythmic coordination of place cells in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Hippocampus 2017; 27:378-392. [PMID: 28032686 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and highly progressive neurodegenerative disease. Clinically, patients with AD display impairments in episodic and spatial memory. However, the underlying neuronal dysfunctions that result in these impairments remain poorly understood. The hippocampus is crucial for spatial and episodic memory, and thus we tested the hypothesis that abnormal neuronal representations of space in the hippocampus contribute to memory deficits in AD. To test this hypothesis, we recorded spikes from place cells in hippocampal subfield CA1, together with corresponding rhythmic activity in local field potentials, in the 3xTg AD mouse model. We observed disturbances in place cell firing patterns, many of which were consistent with place cell disturbances reported in other rodent models of AD. We found place cell representations of space to be unstable in 3xTg mice compared to control mice. Furthermore, coordination of place cell firing by hippocampal rhythms was disrupted in 3xTg mice. Specifically, a smaller proportion of place cells from 3xTg mice were significantly phase-locked to theta and slow gamma rhythms, and the theta and slow gamma phases at which spikes occurred were also altered. Remarkably, these disturbances were observed at an age before detectable Aβ pathology had developed. Consistencies between these findings in 3xTg mice and previous findings from other AD models suggest that disturbances in place cell firing and hippocampal rhythms are related to AD rather than reflecting peculiarities inherent to a particular transgenic model. Thus, disturbed rhythmic organization of place cell activity may contribute to unstable spatial representations, and related spatial memory deficits, in AD. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Mably
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
| | - Brian J Gereke
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
| | - Dylan T Jones
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
| | - Laura Lee Colgin
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
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7
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Peck B, Schug ZT, Zhang Q, Dankworth B, Jones DT, Smethurst E, Patel R, Mason S, Jiang M, Saunders R, Howell M, Mitter R, Spencer-Dene B, Stamp G, McGarry L, James D, Shanks E, Aboagye EO, Critchlow SE, Leung HY, Harris AL, Wakelam MJO, Gottlieb E, Schulze A. Inhibition of fatty acid desaturation is detrimental to cancer cell survival in metabolically compromised environments. Cancer Metab 2016; 4:6. [PMID: 27042297 PMCID: PMC4818530 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-016-0146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhanced macromolecule biosynthesis is integral to growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Lipid biosynthesis has been predicted to be an essential process in cancer cells. However, it is unclear which enzymes within this pathway offer the best selectivity for cancer cells and could be suitable therapeutic targets. RESULTS Using functional genomics, we identified stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), an enzyme that controls synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, as essential in breast and prostate cancer cells. SCD inhibition altered cellular lipid composition and impeded cell viability in the absence of exogenous lipids. SCD inhibition also altered cardiolipin composition, leading to the release of cytochrome C and induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, SCD was required for the generation of poly-unsaturated lipids in cancer cells grown in spheroid cultures, which resemble those found in tumour tissue. We also found that SCD mRNA and protein expression is elevated in human breast cancers and predicts poor survival in high-grade tumours. Finally, silencing of SCD in prostate orthografts efficiently blocked tumour growth and significantly increased animal survival. CONCLUSIONS Our data implicate lipid desaturation as an essential process for cancer cell survival and suggest that targeting SCD could efficiently limit tumour expansion, especially under the metabolically compromised conditions of the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrie Peck
- />Gene Expression Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
- />Present address: The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB UK
| | - Zachary T. Schug
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- />Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK
| | - Beatrice Dankworth
- />Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dylan T. Jones
- />Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS UK
| | | | - Rachana Patel
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Susan Mason
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Ming Jiang
- />High Throughput Screening Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Rebecca Saunders
- />High Throughput Screening Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Michael Howell
- />High Throughput Screening Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Richard Mitter
- />Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Service, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Bradley Spencer-Dene
- />Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Gordon Stamp
- />Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln`s Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln`s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
| | - Lynn McGarry
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Daniel James
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Emma Shanks
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Eric O. Aboagye
- />Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN UK
| | | | - Hing Y. Leung
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Adrian L. Harris
- />Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS UK
| | | | - Eyal Gottlieb
- />Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Almut Schulze
- />Gene Expression Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY UK
- />Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- />Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Josef-Schneider-Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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8
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Yang J, AlTahan A, Jones DT, Buffa FM, Bridges E, Interiano RB, Qu C, Vogt N, Li JL, Baban D, Ragoussis J, Nicholson R, Davidoff AM, Harris AL. Estrogen receptor-α directly regulates the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 pathway associated with antiestrogen response in breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:15172-7. [PMID: 26598706 PMCID: PMC4679044 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1422015112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A majority of breast cancers are driven by estrogen via estrogen receptor-α (ERα). Our previous studies indicate that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) cooperates with ERα in breast cancer cells. However, whether ERα is implicated in the direct regulation of HIF-1α and the role of HIF-1α in endocrine therapy response are unknown. In this study we found that a subpopulation of HIF-1α targets, many of them bearing both hypoxia response elements and estrogen response elements, are regulated by ERα in normoxia and hypoxia. Interestingly, the HIF-1α gene itself also bears an estrogen response element, and its expression is directly regulated by ERα. Clinical data revealed that expression of the HIF-1α gene or a hypoxia metagene signature is associated with a poor outcome to endocrine treatment in ERα(+) breast cancer. HIF-1α was able to confer endocrine therapy resistance to ERα(+) breast cancer cells. Our findings define, for the first time to our knowledge, a direct regulatory pathway between ERα and HIF-1α, which might modulate hormone response in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Growth Factor Group, Cancer Research UK, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom; Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105;
| | - Alaa AlTahan
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Dylan T Jones
- Growth Factor Group, Cancer Research UK, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca M Buffa
- Growth Factor Group, Cancer Research UK, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Bridges
- Growth Factor Group, Cancer Research UK, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Rodrigo B Interiano
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Chunxu Qu
- Department of Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Nathan Vogt
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Ji-Liang Li
- Growth Factor Group, Cancer Research UK, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Dilair Baban
- Genomics Group, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- Genomics Group, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Nicholson
- Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Growth Factor Group, Cancer Research UK, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
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9
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Witt O, van Tilburg C, Worst B, Witt R, Jones DT, Lichter P, Eggert A, Pfister SM. The INFORM-study for personalized pediatric oncology: current status and future outlook. Klin Padiatr 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Schug ZT, Peck B, Jones DT, Zhang Q, Grosskurth S, Alam IS, Goodwin LM, Smethurst E, Mason S, Blyth K, McGarry L, James D, Shanks E, Kalna G, Saunders RE, Jiang M, Howell M, Lassailly F, Thin MZ, Spencer-Dene B, Stamp G, van den Broek NJF, Mackay G, Bulusu V, Kamphorst JJ, Tardito S, Strachan D, Harris AL, Aboagye EO, Critchlow SE, Wakelam MJO, Schulze A, Gottlieb E. Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 promotes acetate utilization and maintains cancer cell growth under metabolic stress. Cancer Cell 2015; 27:57-71. [PMID: 25584894 PMCID: PMC4297291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A functional genomics study revealed that the activity of acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) contributes to cancer cell growth under low-oxygen and lipid-depleted conditions. Comparative metabolomics and lipidomics demonstrated that acetate is used as a nutritional source by cancer cells in an ACSS2-dependent manner, and supplied a significant fraction of the carbon within the fatty acid and phospholipid pools. ACSS2 expression is upregulated under metabolically stressed conditions and ACSS2 silencing reduced the growth of tumor xenografts. ACSS2 exhibits copy-number gain in human breast tumors, and ACSS2 expression correlates with disease progression. These results signify a critical role for acetate consumption in the production of lipid biomass within the harsh tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T Schug
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Barrie Peck
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Dylan T Jones
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Israt S Alam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | | | - Susan Mason
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Lynn McGarry
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Daniel James
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Emma Shanks
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Gabriela Kalna
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Rebecca E Saunders
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Ming Jiang
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Michael Howell
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Francois Lassailly
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - May Zaw Thin
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Bradley Spencer-Dene
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Gordon Stamp
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Niels J F van den Broek
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Gillian Mackay
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Vinay Bulusu
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Jurre J Kamphorst
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Saverio Tardito
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - David Strachan
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Eric O Aboagye
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | | | - Almut Schulze
- Cancer Research UK, London Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.
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11
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Witt O, Jones DT, Capper D, Witt R, van Tilburg C, Deimling AV, Eggert A, Lichter P, Pfister SM. INFORM: personalized pediatric oncology enters the clinic. Klin Padiatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1393943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Bignell DE, Jones DT. A taxonomic index, with names of descriptive authorities of termite genera and species: an accompaniment to Biology of Termites: A Modern Synthesis (Bignell DE, Roisin Y, Lo N, Editors. 2011. Springer, Dordrecht. 576 pp.). J Insect Sci 2014. [PMID: 25368037 DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-3977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Biology of Termites: A Modern Synthesis (Bignell DE, Roisin Y, Lo N, (Editors), Springer, Dordrecht, 576pp, ISBN 978-90-481-3976-7, e-ISBN 978-90-481-3977-4, DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-3977-4) was published in 2011. With the agreement of the publishers, we give a taxonomic index of the book comprising 494 termite entries, 103 entries of other multicellular animal species mentioned as associates or predators of termites, with 9 fungal, 60 protist, and 64 prokaryote identities, which are listed as termite symbionts (sensu stricto). In addition, we add descriptive authorities for living (and some fossil) termite genera and species. Higher taxonomic groupings for termites are indicated by 25 code numbers. Microorganisms (prokaryotes, protists, and fungi) are listed separately, using broad modern taxonomic affiliations from the contemporary literature of bacteriology, protozoology, and mycology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Bignell
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Present address: School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, U.K. E1 4N
| | - D T Jones
- Soil Biodiversity Group, Natural History Museum, London, UK SW7 5BD
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13
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Reichgelt T, Jones WA, Jones DT, Conran JG, Bannister JM, Kennedy EM, Mildenhall DC, Lee DE. The flora of Double Hill (Dunedin Volcanic Complex, Middle–Late Miocene) Otago, New Zealand. J R Soc N Z 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2014.923476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Bignell DE, Jones DT. A taxonomic index, with names of descriptive authorities of termite genera and species: an accompaniment to Biology of Termites: A Modern Synthesis (Bignell DE, Roisin Y, Lo N, Editors. 2011. Springer, Dordrecht. 576 pp.). J Insect Sci 2014; 14:81. [PMID: 25368037 PMCID: PMC4212872 DOI: 10.1093/jis/14.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biology of Termites: A Modern Synthesis (Bignell DE, Roisin Y, Lo N, (Editors), Springer, Dordrecht, 576pp, ISBN 978-90-481-3976-7, e-ISBN 978-90-481-3977-4, DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-3977-4) was published in 2011. With the agreement of the publishers, we give a taxonomic index of the book comprising 494 termite entries, 103 entries of other multicellular animal species mentioned as associates or predators of termites, with 9 fungal, 60 protist, and 64 prokaryote identities, which are listed as termite symbionts (sensu stricto). In addition, we add descriptive authorities for living (and some fossil) termite genera and species. Higher taxonomic groupings for termites are indicated by 25 code numbers. Microorganisms (prokaryotes, protists, and fungi) are listed separately, using broad modern taxonomic affiliations from the contemporary literature of bacteriology, protozoology, and mycology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Bignell
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Present address: School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, U.K. E1 4N
| | - D T Jones
- Soil Biodiversity Group, Natural History Museum, London, UK SW7 5BD
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15
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Jones DT, Lechertier T, Reynolds LE, Mitter R, Robinson SD, Kirn-Safran CB, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Endogenous ribosomal protein L29 (RPL29): a newly identified regulator of angiogenesis in mice. Dis Model Mech 2012; 6:115-24. [PMID: 23118343 PMCID: PMC3529344 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.009183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular ribosomal protein L29 (RPL29) is known to be important in protein synthesis, but its function during angiogenesis has never been described before. We have shown previously that mice lacking β3-integrins support enhanced tumour angiogenesis and, therefore, deletion of endothelial αvβ3 can provide a method for discovery of novel regulators of tumour angiogenesis. Here, we describe significant upregulation of RPL29 in β3-null endothelial cells at both the mRNA and protein level. Ex vivo, we show that VEGF-stimulated microvessel sprouting was reduced significantly in Rpl29-heterozygous and Rpl29-null aortic ring assays compared with wild-type controls. Moreover, we provide in vivo evidence that RPL29 can regulate tumour angiogenesis. Tumour blood vessel density in subcutaneously grown Lewis lung carcinomas was reduced significantly in Rpl29-mutant mice. Additionally, depletion of Rpl29 using RNA interference inhibited VEGF-induced aortic ring sprouting, suggesting that anti-RPL29 strategies might have anti-angiogenic potential. Overall, our results identify that loss or depletion of RPL29 can reduce angiogenesis in vivo and ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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16
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Jones DT, Lechertier T, Mitter R, Herbert JMJ, Bicknell R, Jones JL, Li JL, Buffa F, Harris AL, Hodivala-Dilke K. Gene expression analysis in human breast cancer associated blood vessels. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44294. [PMID: 23056178 PMCID: PMC3462779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for solid tumour growth, whilst the molecular profiles of tumour blood vessels have been reported to be different between cancer types. Although presently available anti-angiogenic strategies are providing some promise for the treatment of some cancers it is perhaps not surprisingly that, none of the anti-angiogenic agents available work on all tumours. Thus, the discovery of novel anti-angiogenic targets, relevant to individual cancer types, is required. Using Affymetrix microarray analysis of laser-captured, CD31-positive blood vessels we have identified 63 genes that are upregulated significantly (5-72 fold) in angiogenic blood vessels associated with human invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast as compared with blood vessels in normal human breast. We tested the angiogenic capacity of a subset of these genes. Genes were selected based on either their known cellular functions, their enriched expression in endothelial cells and/or their sensitivity to anti-VEGF treatment; all features implicating their involvement in angiogenesis. For example, RRM2, a ribonucleotide reductase involved in DNA synthesis, was upregulated 32-fold in IDC-associated blood vessels; ATF1, a nuclear activating transcription factor involved in cellular growth and survival was upregulated 23-fold in IDC-associated blood vessels and HEX-B, a hexosaminidase involved in the breakdown of GM2 gangliosides, was upregulated 8-fold in IDC-associated blood vessels. Furthermore, in silico analysis confirmed that AFT1 and HEX-B also were enriched in endothelial cells when compared with non-endothelial cells. None of these genes have been reported previously to be involved in neovascularisation. However, our data establish that siRNA depletion of Rrm2, Atf1 or Hex-B had significant anti-angiogenic effects in VEGF-stimulated ex vivo mouse aortic ring assays. Overall, our results provide proof-of-principle that our approach can identify a cohort of potentially novel anti-angiogenic targets that are likley to be, but not exclusivley, relevant to breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antibodies/immunology
- Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Bevacizumab
- Breast Neoplasms/blood supply
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Vitro Techniques
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, SCID
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Burden/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/immunology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T. Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tanguy Lechertier
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Mitter
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Service, Cancer Research United Kingdom, London, United Kingdom
| | - John M. J. Herbert
- Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Roy Bicknell
- Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - J. Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ji-Liang Li
- Molecular Oncology, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Buffa
- Molecular Oncology, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian L. Harris
- Molecular Oncology, The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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17
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Activation of the hypoxia response pathway is a feature of many tumours and is one of the key mechanisms associated with tumour growth, chemoresistance and radioresistance. The major component of the hypoxia response pathway is the heterodimeric transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which is upregulated in many human cancers. Therefore, HIF is an attractive therapeutic target and several strategies have been developed to target it. AREAS COVERED Approaches used in targeting the hypoxia response pathway are discussed. Reviewed are agents that target upstream, directly and downstream of HIF, as well as some of the challenges in HIF-targeted therapy. EXPERT OPINION Many of the therapeutic agents that are in clinical use inhibit downstream HIF target genes, but ideally a molecule specific to HIF will have a more potent effect in inhibiting multiple HIF pathways. However, many anti-HIF molecules have multiple targets, which may increase non-specific cytotoxicity. In addition, many anti-HIF agents cannot discriminate between the different isoforms of HIF-α. So, it is important to assess whether targeting both HIF-1α and HIF-2α or each subunit selectively will provide better therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Growth Factor Group , Headington, Oxford , UK
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18
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Baker M, Robinson SD, Lechertier T, Barber PR, Tavora B, D'Amico G, Jones DT, Vojnovic B, Hodivala-Dilke K. Use of the mouse aortic ring assay to study angiogenesis. Nat Protoc 2011; 7:89-104. [PMID: 22193302 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2011.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we provide a protocol for quantitative three-dimensional ex vivo mouse aortic ring angiogenesis assays, in which developing microvessels undergo many key features of angiogenesis over a timescale similar to that observed in vivo. The aortic ring assay allows analysis of cellular proliferation, migration, tube formation, microvessel branching, perivascular recruitment and remodeling-all without the need for cellular dissociation-thus providing a more complete picture of angiogenic processes compared with traditional cell-based assays. Our protocol can be applied to aortic rings from embryonic stage E18 through to adulthood and can incorporate genetic manipulation, treatment with growth factors, drugs or siRNA. This robust assay allows assessment of the salient steps in angiogenesis and quantification of the developing microvessels, and it can be used to identify new modulators of angiogenesis. The assay takes 6-14 d to complete, depending on the age of the mice, treatments applied and whether immunostaining is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Baker
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.
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19
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Jones DT, Machulda MM, Vemuri P, McDade EM, Zeng G, Senjem ML, Gunter JL, Przybelski SA, Avula RT, Knopman DS, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Jack CR. Age-related changes in the default mode network are more advanced in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2011; 77:1524-31. [PMID: 21975202 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318233b33d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate age-related default mode network (DMN) connectivity in a large cognitively normal elderly cohort and in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) compared with age-, gender-, and education-matched controls. METHODS We analyzed task-free-fMRI data with both independent component analysis and seed-based analysis to identify anterior and posterior DMNs. We investigated age-related changes in connectivity in a sample of 341 cognitively normal subjects. We then compared 28 patients with AD with 56 cognitively normal noncarriers of the APOE ε4 allele matched for age, education, and gender. RESULTS The anterior DMN shows age-associated increases and decreases in fontal lobe connectivity, whereas the posterior DMN shows mainly age-associated declines in connectivity throughout. Relative to matched cognitively normal controls, subjects with AD display an accelerated pattern of the age-associated changes described above, except that the declines in frontal lobe connectivity did not reach statistical significance. These changes survive atrophy correction and are correlated with cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that the DMN abnormalities observed in patients with AD represent an accelerated aging pattern of connectivity compared with matched controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Jones
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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20
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Whitwell JL, Josephs KA, Avula R, Tosakulwong N, Weigand SD, Senjem ML, Vemuri P, Jones DT, Gunter JL, Baker M, Wszolek ZK, Knopman DS, Rademakers R, Petersen RC, Boeve BF, Jack CR. Altered functional connectivity in asymptomatic MAPT subjects: a comparison to bvFTD. Neurology 2011; 77:866-74. [PMID: 21849646 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31822c61f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether functional connectivity is altered in subjects with mutations in the microtubule associated protein tau (MAPT) gene who were asymptomatic but were destined to develop dementia, and to compare these findings to those in subjects with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). METHODS In this case-control study, we identified 8 asymptomatic subjects with mutations in MAPT and 8 controls who screened negative for mutations in MAPT. Twenty-one subjects with a clinical diagnosis of bvFTD were also identified and matched to 21 controls. All subjects had resting-state fMRI. In-phase functional connectivity was assessed between a precuneus seed in the default mode network (DMN) and a fronto-insular cortex seed in the salience network, and the rest of the brain. Atlas-based parcellation was used to assess functional connectivity and gray matter volume across specific regions of interest. RESULTS The asymptomatic MAPT subjects and subjects with bvFTD showed altered functional connectivity in the DMN, with reduced in-phase connectivity in lateral temporal lobes and medial prefrontal cortex, compared to controls. Increased in-phase connectivity was also observed in both groups in the medial parietal lobe. Only the bvFTD group showed altered functional connectivity in the salience network, with reduced connectivity in the fronto-insular cortex and anterior cingulate. Gray matter loss was observed across temporal, frontal, and parietal regions in bvFTD, but not in the asymptomatic MAPT subjects. CONCLUSIONS Functional connectivity in the DMN is altered in MAPT subjects before the occurrence of both atrophy and clinical symptoms, suggesting that changes in functional connectivity are early features of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Whitwell
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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21
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Davies L, Bell JNB, Bone J, Head M, Hill L, Howard C, Hobbs SJ, Jones DT, Power SA, Rose N, Ryder C, Seed L, Stevens G, Toumi R, Voulvoulis N, White PCL. Open Air Laboratories (OPAL): a community-driven research programme. Environ Pollut 2011; 159:2203-10. [PMID: 21458125 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OPAL is an English national programme that takes scientists into the community to investigate environmental issues. Biological monitoring plays a pivotal role covering topics of: i) soil and earthworms; ii) air, lichens and tar spot on sycamore; iii) water and aquatic invertebrates; iv) biodiversity and hedgerows; v) climate, clouds and thermal comfort. Each survey has been developed by an inter-disciplinary team and tested by voluntary, statutory and community sectors. Data are submitted via the web and instantly mapped. Preliminary results are presented, together with a discussion on data quality and uncertainty. Communities also investigate local pollution issues, ranging from nitrogen deposition on heathlands to traffic emissions on roadside vegetation. Over 200,000 people have participated so far, including over 1000 schools and 1000 voluntary groups. Benefits include a substantial, growing database on biodiversity and habitat condition, much from previously unsampled sites particularly in urban areas, and a more engaged public.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Davies
- Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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22
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Jones DT, Lechertier T, Herbert J, Bicknell R, Jones LJ, Harris AL, Hodivala-Dilke K. Abstract 4848: Genetic profile of invasive breast cancer vasculature using laser capture microdissection (LCM) to capture vessels. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-4848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is vital for tumor growth and progression. Defining genes that are involved in tumor driven angiogenesis may yield therapeutically important targets for cancer therapy.
We have developed and optimized a rapid 25 minute immunohistochemical staining method using CD31 antibody (Pecam1) specific to endothelial cells in vessels on sections from frozen human breast cancer (n=3) and normal breast (n=3), followed by laser capture microdisection (LCM) of vessels. Good quality RNA was extracted amplified, and fluorescently labeled cDNA was synthesized and hybridized onto Affymetrix U-133 Plus 2.0 array.
Using this methodology, we were able to elucidate the genetic profile of tumor associated vessels from invasive breast cancer and compare it with vessels in normal breast tissue. This technique has the advantage over other methods in analyzing genetic profile of tissue as it analyses the genetic profile of isolated cell population and eliminates genes expressed by surrounding tissue, allowing for the detection of low expression of genes that were not detected in whole tumor arrays.
Using false discovery rate statistical analysis (q<0.05) of microarray data, we identified 64 upregulated and 6 downregulated genes in breast cancer associated vessels. With Ingenuity Pathway analysis the top molecular and cellular functions include 11 genes involved in Cellular Assembly and Organization, 9 in Cellular Function and Maintenance and 8 in Protein Synthesis. Canonical pathway analysis revealed 3 genes involved in Ephrin Receptor signaling, 3 in Integrin signaling, 2 in VEGF signaling and 2 in TGF-β signaling. Differentiated genes were compared to Expression Sequence Tags from endothelial and non-endothelial libraries; three genes were specific to endothelial cells only (q<0.05). Using Immunohistochemistry we have validated expression of two genes in breast vessels.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4848. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4848
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Herbert
- 2University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Roy Bicknell
- 2University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adrian L. Harris
- 3The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
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23
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da Silva RG, Tavora B, Robinson SD, Reynolds LE, Szekeres C, Lamar J, Batista S, Kostourou V, Germain MA, Reynolds AR, Jones DT, Watson AR, Jones JL, Harris A, Hart IR, Iruela-Arispe ML, Dipersio CM, Kreidberg JA, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Endothelial alpha3beta1-integrin represses pathological angiogenesis and sustains endothelial-VEGF. Am J Pathol 2010; 177:1534-48. [PMID: 20639457 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Integrin alpha3beta1 is a major receptor for laminin. The expression levels of laminins-8 and -10 in the basement membrane surrounding blood vessels are known to change during tumor angiogenesis. Although some studies have suggested that certain ligands of alpha3beta1 can affect angiogenesis either positively or negatively, either a direct in vivo role for alpha3beta1 in this process or its mechanism of action in endothelial cells during angiogenesis is still unknown. Because the global genetic ablation of alpha3-integrin results in an early lethal phenotype, we have generated conditional-knockout mice where alpha3 is deleted specifically in endothelial cells (ec-alpha3-/-). Here we show that ec-alpha3-/- mice are viable, fertile, and display enhanced tumor growth, elevated tumor angiogenesis, augmented hypoxia-induced retinal angiogenesis, and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated neovascularization ex vivo and in vivo. Furthermore, our data provide a novel method by which an integrin may regulate angiogenesis. We show that alpha3beta1 is a positive regulator of endothelial-VEGF and that, surprisingly, the VEGF produced by endothelial cells can actually repress VEGF-receptor 2 (Flk-1) expression. These data, therefore, identify directly that endothelial alpha3beta1 negatively regulates pathological angiogenesis and implicate an unexpected role for low levels of endothelial-VEGF as an activator of neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Graça da Silva
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Barts Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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24
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Abstract
The effects of acetone and butanol on the growth of vegetative cells and the stability of swollen-phase bright-stationary-phase cells (clostridial forms) of Clostridium acetobutylicum P262 and an autolytic deficient mutant (lyt-1) were investigated. There was little difference in the sensitivity of strain P262 and the lyt-1 mutant vegetative cells and clostridial forms to acetone. The stability of the different morphological stages was unaffected by acetone concentrations far in excess of those encountered in factory fermentations. Butanol concentrations between 7 and 16 g/liter, which are within the range obtained in industrial fermentations, increased the degeneration of strain P262 clostridial forms but had no effect on the stability of lyt-1 clostridial forms which never underwent autolysis. Vegetative cells of the lyt-1 mutant were able to grow in higher concentrations of butanol than strain P262 vegetative cells. It was concluded that there is a relationship between butanol tolerance and autolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Der Westhuizen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700 South Africa
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25
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Reysenbach AL, Ravenscroft N, Long S, Jones DT, Woods DR. Characterization, Biosynthesis, and Regulation of Granulose in Clostridium acetobutylicum. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 52:185-90. [PMID: 16347108 PMCID: PMC203438 DOI: 10.1128/aem.52.1.185-190.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of granulose was investigated in 15 solvent-producing Clostridium strains. Only one of the strains did not produce granulose. The structure of granulose in Clostridium acetobutylicum P262 consisted of a high-molecular-weight polyglucan containing only (1-->4) linked d-glucopyranose units. Biosynthesis of granulose in C. acetobutylicum P262 was dependent on ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase, and granulose synthase and mutants defective in granulose accumulation lacked either one or both enzyme activities. Granulose-positive revertants exhibited both enzyme activities. ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase and granulose synthase were not subject to allosteric control by metabolites. Granulose accumulation and the biosynthetic enzyme activities were initiated immediately before the pH breakpoint and were detected in cells only at the end of the exponential growth phase. Granulose accumulation did not occur under conditions of nitrogen limitation, excess carbon, or excess energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Reysenbach
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
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26
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Abstract
The optimum conditions for autolysis and autoplast formation in Clostridium acetobutylicum P262 have been defined. Autolysis was optimal at pH 6.3 in 0.04 M sodium phosphate buffer, and the bacterium produced latent and active forms of an autolytic enzyme. The ability of cells to autolyze decreased sharply when cultures entered the stationary phase. Autoplasts were induced by 0.25 to 0.5 M sucrose and were stable in media containing sucrose, CaCl(2), and MgCl(2). A pleiotropic autolysis-deficient mutant (lyt-1) was isolated. The mutant produced less autolysin than did the parent P262 strain, and it had an altered cell wall which was more resistant to both its own and P262 autolysins. The mutant formed long chains of cells, and lysozyme was required for the production of autoplasts. Growth of the P262 strain or the lyt-1 mutant was inhibited by the same concentrations of penicillin, ampicillin, and vancomycin. The lyt-1 mutant strain treated with the minimum growth-inhibitory concentration of penicillin autolyzed upon the addition of wild-type autolysin to the autolysis buffer at the same rate as did the untreated P262 strain. Chloramphenicol did not protect the penicillin-treated lyt-1 cells against autolysis enhanced by exogenous wild-type autolysin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Allcock
- Department of Microbiology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
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27
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Abstract
A proteinaceous substance with antibiotic-like activity, resembling that of a bacteriocin, was isolated from an industrial-scale acetone-butanol fermentation of Clostridium acetobutylicum. The substance, purified by acetone precipitation, diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was characterized as a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 28,000. The glycoprotein was partially inactivated by certain protease enzymes. It had no effect on deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, or protein synthesis, and it did not result in the loss of intracellular adenosine triphosphate. The glycoprotein lysed sodium dodecyl sulfate-treated cells and cell wall preparations, and therefore it is referred to as an autolysin. The autolysin gene appeared to be chromosomal since plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid was not detected in the C. acetobutylicum strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Webster
- Department of Microbiology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa
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28
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Abstract
The UCL Bioinformatics Group web portal offers several high quality protein structure prediction and function annotation algorithms including PSIPRED, pGenTHREADER, pDomTHREADER, MEMSAT, MetSite, DISOPRED2, DomPred and FFPred for the prediction of secondary structure, protein fold, protein structural domain, transmembrane helix topology, metal binding sites, regions of protein disorder, protein domain boundaries and protein function, respectively. We also now offer a fully automated 3D modelling pipeline: BioSerf, which performed well in CASP8 and uses a fragment-assembly approach which placed it in the top five servers in the de novo modelling category. The servers are available via the group web site at http://bioinf.cs.ucl.ac.uk/.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W A Buchan
- Bioinformatics Group, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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29
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D'Amico G, Jones DT, Nye E, Sapienza K, Ramjuan AR, Reynolds LE, Robinson SD, Kostourou V, Martinez D, Aubyn D, Grose R, Thomas GJ, Spencer-Dene B, Zicha D, Davies D, Tybulewicz V, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Regulation of lymphatic-blood vessel separation by endothelial Rac1. Development 2009; 136:4043-53. [PMID: 19906871 DOI: 10.1242/dev.035014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sprouting angiogenesis and lymphatic-blood vessel segregation both involve the migration of endothelial cells, but the precise migratory molecules that govern the decision of blood vascular endothelial cells to segregate into lymphatic vasculature are unknown. Here, we deleted endothelial Rac1 in mice (Tie1-Cre(+);Rac1(fl/fl)) and revealed, unexpectedly, that whereas blood vessel morphology appeared normal, lymphatic-blood vessel separation was impaired, with corresponding edema, haemorrhage and embryonic lethality. Importantly, normal levels of Rac1 were essential for directed endothelial cell migratory responses to lymphatic-inductive signals. Our studies identify Rac1 as a crucial part of the migratory machinery required for endothelial cells to separate and form lymphatic vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela D'Amico
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK, Bart's & The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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30
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Sadowski MI, Jones DT. The sequence-structure relationship and protein function prediction. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2009; 19:357-62. [PMID: 19406632 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An incomplete understanding of protein sequence/structure/function relationships causes many difficulties for prediction methods. The highly complex nature of these relationships is a consequence of the interplay between physics and evolution that has been studied using a wide array of experimental and theoretical techniques. We review recent findings relating to conservation of sequence, structure and function and discuss their use in developing improved prediction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Sadowski
- Division of Mathematical Biology, National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA UK
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31
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Reynolds AR, Hart IR, Watson AR, Welti JC, Silva RG, Robinson SD, Da Violante G, Gourlaouen M, Salih M, Jones MC, Jones DT, Saunders G, Kostourou V, Perron-Sierra F, Norman JC, Tucker GC, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Stimulation of tumor growth and angiogenesis by low concentrations of RGD-mimetic integrin inhibitors. Nat Med 2009; 15:392-400. [PMID: 19305413 DOI: 10.1038/nm.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) integrin have entered clinical trials as antiangiogenic agents for cancer treatment but generally have been unsuccessful. Here we present in vivo evidence that low (nanomolar) concentrations of RGD-mimetic alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) inhibitors can paradoxically stimulate tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis. We show that low concentrations of these inhibitors promote VEGF-mediated angiogenesis by altering alpha(v)beta(3) integrin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 trafficking, thereby promoting endothelial cell migration to VEGF. The proangiogenic effects of low concentrations of RGD-mimetic integrin inhibitors could compromise their efficacy as anticancer agents and have major implications for the use of RGD-mimetic compounds in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Reynolds
- Tumour Angiogenesis Group, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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32
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Schmid J, Ling LJ, Leung JLS, Zhang N, Kolbe J, Wesley AW, Mills GD, Brown PJ, Jones DT, Laing RTR, Pattemore PK, Taylor DR, Grimwood K. Pseudomonas aeruginosa transmission is infrequent in New Zealand cystic fibrosis clinics. Eur Respir J 2008; 32:1583-90. [PMID: 18715877 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00099508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF). Although most patients harbour unique P. aeruginosa isolates, some clinics report patients sharing common strains. The overall importance of person-to-person transmission in P. aeruginosa acquisition and whether routine patient segregation is necessary remains uncertain. The present authors therefore investigated the extent of P. aeruginosa transmission in New Zealand CF clinics. New Zealand's seven major CF centres were assessed, combining epidemiological data with computer-assisted SalI DNA fingerprinting of 496 isolates from 102 patients. One cluster of related isolates was significantly more prevalent in the largest clinic than expected by chance. The seven patients with isolates belonging to this cluster had more contact with each other than the remaining patients attending this centre. No other convincing evidence of transmission was found in any of the other smaller clinics. Three P. aeruginosa strains believed to be transmissible between patients in Australian and British CF clinics are present in New Zealand, but there was no definite evidence they had spread. Pseudomonas aeruginosa transmission is currently infrequent in New Zealand cystic fibrosis clinics. This situation could change rapidly and ongoing surveillance is required. The current results confirm that computer-assisted SalI DNA fingerprinting is ideally suited for such surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schmid
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
One of the challenges of the post-genomic era is to provide accurate function annotations for large volumes of data resulting from genome sequencing projects. Most function prediction servers utilize methods that transfer existing database annotations between orthologous sequences. In contrast, there are few methods that are independent of homology and can annotate distant and orphan protein sequences. The FFPred server adopts a machine-learning approach to perform function prediction in protein feature space using feature characteristics predicted from amino acid sequence. The features are scanned against a library of support vector machines representing over 300 Gene Ontology (GO) classes and probabilistic confidence scores returned for each annotation term. The GO term library has been modelled on human protein annotations; however, benchmark performance testing showed robust performance across higher eukaryotes. FFPred offers important advantages over traditional function prediction servers in its ability to annotate distant homologues and orphan protein sequences, and achieves greater coverage and classification accuracy than other feature-based prediction servers. A user may upload an amino acid and receive annotation predictions via email. Feature information is provided as easy to interpret graphics displayed on the sequence of interest, allowing for back-interpretation of the associations between features and function classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Lobley
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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34
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Abstract
Comparative modeling is presently the most accurate method of protein structure prediction. Previous experiments have shown the selection of the correct template to be of paramount importance to the quality of the final model. We have derived a set of 732 targets for which a choice of ten or more templates exist with 30-80% sequence identity and used this set to compare a number of possible methods for template selection: BLAST, PSI-BLAST, profile-profile alignment, HHpred HMM-HMM comparison, global sequence alignment, and the use of a model quality assessment program (MQAP). In addition, we have investigated the question of whether any structurally defined subset of the sequence could be used to predict template quality better than overall sequence similarity. We find that template selection by BLAST is sufficient in 75% of cases but that there are examples in which improvement (global RMSD 0.5 A or more) could be made. No significant improvement is found for any of the more sophisticated sequence-based methods of template selection at high sequence identities. A subset of 118 targets extending to the lowest levels of sequence similarity was examined and the HHpred and MQAP methods were found to improve ranking when available templates had 35-40% maximum sequence identity. Structurally defined subsets in general are found to be less discriminative than overall sequence similarity, with the coil residue subset performing equivalently to sequence similarity. Finally, we demonstrate that if models are built and model quality is assessed in combination with the sequence-template sequence similarity that a extra 7% of "best" models can be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Sadowski
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Jones DT, Pugh CW, Wigfield S, Stevens MFG, Harris AL. Novel Thioredoxin Inhibitors Paradoxically Increase Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-α Expression but Decrease Functional Transcriptional Activity, DNA Binding, and Degradation. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:5384-94. [PMID: 17000671 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha (HIF-alpha) is a transcription factor that regulates the response to hypoxia. HIF-alpha protein is found at high levels in many cancers, and the redox protein thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) increases both aerobic and hypoxia-induced HIF-alpha. Therefore, Trx-1 and HIF-alpha are attractive molecular targets for novel cancer therapeutics. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We investigated whether two novel anticancer drugs AJM290 and AW464 (quinols), which inhibit Trx-1 function, can inhibit the HIF pathway. RESULTS Treatment of several cancer cell lines with AJM290 or AW464 prevented the hypoxia-induced increase of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at subtoxic concentrations. AJM290 and AW464 also decreased VEGF in pVHL mutant renal cell carcinoma cells that constitutively overexpress HIF-alpha protein. They surprisingly up-regulated HIF-alpha expression in breast cancer cell lines in normoxia and hypoxia as well as in pVHL mutant cells. In the MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell line, the compounds inhibited RNA and protein expression of the HIF-alpha target genes, carbonic anhydrase IX, VEGF, and BNIP3, concordantly with HIF-alpha up-regulation. Both compounds specifically inhibited HIF-alpha-dependent induction of hypoxia regulatory element-luciferase and HIF-1alpha hypoxia regulatory element-DNA binding. To analyze the HIF-1alpha domain inhibited by AJM290, we transfected cells with plasmids expressing a fusion protein of Gal linked to HIF-1alpha or HIF-1alpha COOH-terminal transactivation domain (CAD) with a Gal4-responsive luciferase reporter gene. AJM290 inhibited both the full-length HIF-1alpha and HIF-1alpha CAD transcriptional activity. CONCLUSIONS AJM290 and AW464 are inhibitors of HIF-1alpha CAD transcription activity and DNA binding, but they also inhibit degradation of HIF, in contrast to other Trx inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- Cancer Research UK Growth Factor Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, UK
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Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha (Hif-alpha) plays an important role in tumor growth by increasing resistance to apoptosis and the production of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Therefore, Hif-alpha is an attractive target for development of novel cancer therapeutics. We have generated Chinese hamster ovary cells, which stably express luciferase reporter construct under the control of a hypoxia response element to screen 15,000 compounds. We identified 40 compounds that inhibited hypoxic up-regulation of luciferase, and the top 30 compounds were further screened in a secondary assay using MDA-468 breast cancer cell line. Eight compounds were shown to inhibit VEGF expression in hypoxic cells at subtoxic concentrations. Three top putative Hif inhibitors, DJ12, DJ15, and DJ30, were chosen for further analysis. Transient transfection of cells with hypoxia-regulated luciferase reporter plasmids further validated that these compounds inhibit hypoxia up-regulated genes. All three compounds failed to inhibit Hif-1alpha protein levels but they did inhibit induction of downstream targets of Hif-alpha under hypoxia. Two of the three compounds were cell type specific, whereas compound DJ12 inhibited VEGF at subtoxic levels in breast cancer cell lines MDA-468 and ZR-75, melanoma cell line MDA-435, and pVHL mutant renal cancer cell lines RCC4 and 786-0. Compound DJ12 down-regulated mRNA of downstream targets of Hif-alpha, and significantly inhibited Hif-1alpha transactivation activity by blocking Hif-1alpha hypoxia response element-DNA binding. Our cell-based approach and deconvolution of the inhibitory effect of DJ12 has identified a novel compound that targets the hypoxia pathway by inhibiting Hif-alpha-inducible transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- Cancer Research UK Growth Factor Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
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Jones DT, Bryson K, Coleman A, McGuffin LJ, Sadowski MI, Sodhi JS, Ward JJ. Prediction of novel and analogous folds using fragment assembly and fold recognition. Proteins 2006; 61 Suppl 7:143-151. [PMID: 16187356 DOI: 10.1002/prot.20731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A number of new and newly improved methods for predicting protein structure developed by the Jones-University College London group were used to make predictions for the CASP6 experiment. Structures were predicted with a combination of fold recognition methods (mGenTHREADER, nFOLD, and THREADER) and a substantially enhanced version of FRAGFOLD, our fragment assembly method. Attempts at automatic domain parsing were made using DomPred and DomSSEA, which are based on a secondary structure parsing algorithm and additionally for DomPred, a simple local sequence alignment scoring function. Disorder prediction was carried out using a new SVM-based version of DISOPRED. Attempts were also made at domain docking and "microdomain" folding in order to build complete chain models for some targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Jones
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Steele AJ, Jones DT, Ganeshaguru K, Duke VM, Yogashangary BC, North JM, Lowdell MW, Kottaridis PD, Mehta AB, Prentice AG, Hoffbrand AV, Wickremasinghe RG. The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide induces selective apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro. Leukemia 2006; 20:1073-9. [PMID: 16628188 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the in vitro actions of the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide (PTL) on cells isolated from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Dye reduction viability assays showed that the median LD(50) for PTL was 6.2 muM (n=78). Fifteen of these isolates were relatively resistant to the conventional agent chlorambucil but retained sensitivity to PTL. Brief exposures to PTL (1-3 h) were sufficient to induce caspase activation and commitment to cell death. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells were more sensitive towards PTL than were normal T lymphocytes or CD34(+) haematopoietic progenitor cells. The mechanism of cell killing was via PTL-induced generation of reactive oxygen species, resulting in turn in a proapoptotic Bax conformational change, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and caspase activation. Parthenolide also decreased nuclear levels of the antiapoptotic transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B and diminished phosphorylation of its negative regulator IkappaB. Killing of CLL cells by PTL was apparently independent of p53 induction. This is the first report showing the relative selectivity of PTL towards CLL cells. The data here warrant further investigation of this class of natural product as potential therapeutic agents for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Steele
- Department of Hematology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK
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Jones DT, Trowbridge IS, Harris AL. Effects of transferrin receptor blockade on cancer cell proliferation and hypoxia-inducible factor function and their differential regulation by ascorbate. Cancer Res 2006; 66:2749-56. [PMID: 16510596 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular iron is needed for cell survival and hydroxylation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-alpha) by prolyl hydroxylases (PHD). One mechanism of iron uptake is mediated by the cell surface transferrin receptor (TfR). Because iron is required for cell growth and suppression of HIF-alpha levels, we tested the effects of the two anti-TfR monoclonal antibodies (mAb) E2.3 and A27.15 on growth of breast cancer cells and induction of HIF-alpha and hypoxia-regulated genes. Treatment with both mAbs together synergistically inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-responsive manner by up to 80% following 8 days of exposure, up-regulated HIF-1alpha and HIF transcription targets, down-regulated TfR expression, and down-regulated cellular labile iron pool by 60%. Because combined treatment with anti-TfR mAbs resulted in the up-regulation of the hypoxia pathway, which may increase tumor angiogenesis, we analyzed the effects of ascorbate on cell viability and HIF-1alpha levels in cells treated with both anti-TfR mAbs together, as ascorbate has been shown to be required by PHD enzymes for full catalytic activity. Ascorbate at physiologic concentrations (25 micromol/L) suppressed HIF-1alpha protein levels and HIF transcriptional targets in anti-TfR mAb-treated cells but did not suppress the antiproliferative effect of the mAbs. These results indicate that the addition of ascorbate increased the activity of the PHD enzymes in down-regulating HIF but not the proliferation of iron-starved anti-TfR mAb-treated cells. The use of anti-TfR mAbs and ascorbate in inhibiting both cell proliferation and HIF-1alpha and angiogenesis under normoxic conditions may be of therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- Cancer Research UK Growth Factor Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Gerrard G, Payne E, Baker RJ, Jones DT, Potter M, Prentice HG, Ethell M, McCullough H, Burgess M, Mehta AB, Ganeshaguru K. Clinical effects and P-glycoprotein inhibition in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with zosuquidar trihydrochloride, daunorubicin and cytarabine. Haematologica 2004; 89:782-90. [PMID: 15257929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a major cause of multidrug resistance (MDR) in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and is thought to contribute to the failure of chemotherapy. Zosuquidar trihydochloride (Z.3HCL) is a potent and selective inhibitor of P-gp which rapidly and effectively inhibits drug efflux. DESIGN AND METHODS The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of Z.3HCL and determine its influence on P-gp activity. Sixteen AML patients were entered into a phase 1 dose ranging clinical trial of Z.3HCL, co-administered intravenously with daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C). Clinical outcomes, toxicity abd adverse events were assessed. P-gp function was analyzed by flow cytometry. In vitro cytotoxicity was studied using the MTT assay. RESULTS Eleven patients achieved a complete remission and one a partial remission with a median survival of 559 (range 38-906) days. Non-hematologic grade 3 and 4 toxicities were seen in 4 patients. Z.3HCL infusion was associated with rapid inhibition of Rh123 efflux in CD56+ cells in 16/16 patients and in CD33+ cells from 6/10 patients. The median inhibition was 95% for CD56+ cells and 85.25% for CD33+ cells was significantly elevated in 6/16 patients. The median IC50, using a MTT assay for daunorubicin, decreased significantly between Z.3HCL modulated and unmodulated cells (n=11,153 and 247 ng/mL respectively, p=0.01). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS The modulator Z.3HCL is a specific inhibitor of P-gp efflux and can be given safely to patients with AML in combination with induction doses of conventional cytotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Gerrard
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
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Ward JJ, Sodhi JS, McGuffin LJ, Buxton BF, Jones DT. Prediction and functional analysis of native disorder in proteins from the three kingdoms of life. J Mol Biol 2004; 337:635-45. [PMID: 15019783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1547] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2003] [Revised: 01/20/2004] [Accepted: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
An automatic method for recognizing natively disordered regions from amino acid sequence is described and benchmarked against predictors that were assessed at the latest critical assessment of techniques for protein structure prediction (CASP) experiment. The method attains a Wilcoxon score of 90.0, which represents a statistically significant improvement on the methods evaluated on the same targets at CASP. The classifier, DISOPRED2, was used to estimate the frequency of native disorder in several representative genomes from the three kingdoms of life. Putative, long (>30 residue) disordered segments are found to occur in 2.0% of archaean, 4.2% of eubacterial and 33.0% of eukaryotic proteins. The function of proteins with long predicted regions of disorder was investigated using the gene ontology annotations supplied with the Saccharomyces genome database. The analysis of the yeast proteome suggests that proteins containing disorder are often located in the cell nucleus and are involved in the regulation of transcription and cell signalling. The results also indicate that native disorder is associated with the molecular functions of kinase activity and nucleic acid binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ward
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Computer Science, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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42
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Jones DT, Addison E, North JM, Lowdell MW, Hoffbrand AV, Mehta AB, Ganeshaguru K, Folarin NI, Wickremasinghe RG. Geldanamycin and herbimycin A induce apoptotic killing of B chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and augment the cells' sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs. Blood 2004; 103:1855-61. [PMID: 14576064 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractWe studied the actions of geldanamycin (GA) and herbimycin A (HMA), inhibitors of the chaperone proteins Hsp90 and GRP94, on B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells in vitro. Both drugs induced apoptosis of the majority of CLL isolates studied. Whereas exposure to 4-hour pulses of 30 to 100 nM GA killed normal B lymphocytes and CLL cells with similar dose responses, T lymphocytes from healthy donors as well as those present in the CLL isolates were relatively resistant. GA, but not HMA, showed a modest cytoprotective effect toward CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors from normal bone marrow. The ability of bone marrow progenitors to form hematopoietic colonies was unaffected by pulse exposures to GA. Both GA and HMA synergized with chlorambucil and fludarabine in killing a subset of CLL isolates. GA- and HMA-induced apoptosis was preceded by the up-regulation of the stress-responsive chaperones Hsp70 and BiP. Both ansamycins also resulted in down-regulation of Akt protein kinase, a modulator of cell survival. The relative resistance of T lymphocytes and of CD34+ bone marrow progenitors to GA coupled with its ability to induce apoptosis following brief exposures and to synergize with cytotoxic drugs warrant further investigation of ansamycins as potential therapeutic agents in CLL.
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MESH Headings
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD34/biosynthesis
- Apoptosis
- Benzoquinones
- Blotting, Western
- Bone Marrow Cells/cytology
- Cell Separation
- Chlorambucil/pharmacology
- Down-Regulation
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Flow Cytometry
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/biosynthesis
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Lactams, Macrocyclic
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Quinones/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rifabutin/pharmacology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Vidarabine/analogs & derivatives
- Vidarabine/pharmacology
- ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- Department of Hematology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom
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43
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Abstract
MOTIVATION A new method that uses support vector machines (SVMs) to predict protein secondary structure is described and evaluated. The study is designed to develop a reliable prediction method using an alternative technique and to investigate the applicability of SVMs to this type of bioinformatics problem. METHODS Binary SVMs are trained to discriminate between two structural classes. The binary classifiers are combined in several ways to predict multi-class secondary structure. RESULTS The average three-state prediction accuracy per protein (Q(3)) is estimated by cross-validation to be 77.07 +/- 0.26% with a segment overlap (Sov) score of 73.32 +/- 0.39%. The SVM performs similarly to the 'state-of-the-art' PSIPRED prediction method on a non-homologous test set of 121 proteins despite being trained on substantially fewer examples. A simple consensus of the SVM, PSIPRED and PROFsec achieves significantly higher prediction accuracy than the individual methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ward
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Jones DT, Ganeshaguru K, Mitchell WA, Foroni L, Baker RJ, Prentice HG, Mehta AB, Wickremasinghe RG. Cytotoxic drugs enhance the ex vivo sensitivity of malignant cells from a subset of acute myeloid leukaemia patients to apoptosis induction by tumour necrosis factor receptor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Br J Haematol 2003; 121:713-20. [PMID: 12780785 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the actions of tumour-necrosis-factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on cells isolated from patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Apoptosis induction was initially assessed by quantitative morphological analysis. Only 2/19 isolates showed a > 10% increase in apoptotic cells following TRAIL treatment. However, incubation with TRAIL combined with fludarabine, cytosine arabinoside or daunorubicin resulted in additive or super-additive apoptosis induction in approximately half of the isolates. Molecular evidence of super-additive apoptosis induction by TRAIL and cytotoxic agents was obtained by quantification of caspase 3 activation, detected by Western blot analysis of poly (ADP ribose) polymerase cleavage. The ability of TRAIL and daunorubicin to induce super-additive apoptosis correlated with the ability of these agents to activate caspase 8 and to augment cellular levels of the truncated pro-apoptotic form of the BCL-2 family member BID. Our data suggest that co-administration of TRAIL with conventional cytotoxic drugs may be of therapeutic value in some patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK
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Jones DT, Ganeshaguru K, Anderson RJ, Jackson TR, Bruckdorfer KR, Low SY, Palmqvist L, Prentice HG, Hoffbrand AV, Mehta AB, Wickremasinghe RG. Albumin activates the AKT signaling pathway and protects B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from chlorambucil- and radiation-induced apoptosis. Blood 2003; 101:3174-80. [PMID: 12480711 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-07-2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase/AKT pathway antagonizes apoptosis in diverse cellular systems. We previously showed that human plasma activated AKT and potently blocked the ability of chlorambucil or gamma radiation to induce apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Here we report experiments that identify albumin as the major component of plasma that blocks CLL cell killing by chlorambucil or radiation. Intact plasma depleted of albumin by chromatography on Cibacron blue-Sepharose or plasma from a subject with analbuminemia failed either to activate AKT or to protect CLL cells from chlorambucil-induced apoptosis. Both functions were restored by re-addition of albumin. The protective action of albumin as well as AKT activation was compromised by the binding of lipids. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACScan) analysis demonstrated the uptake of fluoresceinated albumin by CLL cells. Accumulation of albumin in intracellular vesicles was also shown by confocal microscopy. Indirect inhibition of AKT activation by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 reversed the blockade of chlorambucil-induced killing by plasma albumin. The data suggest that activation of AKT consequent to binding of albumin by CLL cells blocks chlorambucil- and radiation-induced apoptosis. Strategies designed to block albumin-induced antiapoptotic signaling may, therefore, be of value in enhancing cytotoxic drug action on CLL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T Jones
- Department of Hematology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom
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Pellegrini-Calace M, Carotti A, Jones DT. Folding in lipid membranes (FILM): a novel method for the prediction of small membrane protein 3D structures. Proteins 2003; 50:537-45. [PMID: 12577259 DOI: 10.1002/prot.10304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We present the results of applying a novel knowledge-based method (FILM) to the prediction of small membrane protein structures. The basis of the method is the addition of a membrane potential to the energy terms (pairwise, solvation, steric, and hydrogen bonding) of a previously developed ab initio technique for the prediction of tertiary structure of globular proteins (FRAGFOLD). The method is based on the assembly of supersecondary structural fragments taken from a library of highly resolved protein structures using a standard simulated annealing algorithm. The membrane potential has been derived by the statistical analysis of a data set made of 640 transmembrane helices with experimentally defined topology and belonging to 133 proteins extracted from the SWISS-PROT database. Results obtained by applying the method to small membrane proteins of known 3D structure show that the method is able to predict, at a reasonable accuracy level, both the helix topology and the conformations of these proteins.
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Abstract
One of the most tantalising 'grand challenges' in structural biology is to solve the problem of predicting the structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence alone. Although this problem appeals to many researchers on a purely academic level, the practical importance of protein structure prediction has become particularly clear with the release of the first draft of the complete human genome sequence last year. This moved modern biology into the new so-called 'post genome' era, and for the foreseeable future, one of the main issues in modern biology will be the characterisation of the many 'unknown' gene sequences which are now sitting waiting in DNA and protein data banks. Protein structure can provide a great deal of insight into the evolutionary origins, function and mechanism of a protein, and so any means for determining the 3-D structure of a novel protein will likely be of critical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Jones
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Dept of Biological Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
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Abstract
The results of applying a fragment-based protein tertiary structure prediction method to the prediction of 8 CASP4 targets are described. The method is based on the assembly of supersecondary structural fragments taken from highly resolved protein structures using a simulated annealing algorithm. Despite the significant degree of success in this case, there is clearly much more developmental work required before predictions with the accuracy of a good homology model, or even a good fold recognition model, can be made with use of this kind of approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom
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Ganeshaguru K, Wickremasinghe RG, Jones DT, Gordon M, Hart SM, Virchis AE, Prentice HG, Hoffbrand AV, Man A, Champain K, Csermak K, Mehta AB. Actions of the selective protein kinase C inhibitor PKC412 on B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro. Haematologica 2002; 87:167-76. [PMID: 11836167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The staurosporine derivative PKC412 (CGP41251) is a more selective inhibitor of the conventional isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) than is the parent compound. In addition to its growth inhibitory properties, PKC412 reverses the efflux function of the multidrug resistance (MDR)-1 gene product, P-glycoprotein (P-gp). DESIGN AND METHODS The in vitro actions of PKC412 were investigated in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 4 normal volunteers, B-cell isolates from 3 normal tonsils and 31 patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Following incubation with PKC412 for 2 days, the viability of B-CLL cells was decreased relative to that of controls (63+/-23% at 1 micromole/L; 52+/-30% at 10 micromole/L; n=20). Normal PBL were significantly more resistant to the drug (91+/-5% viable cells at 1 micromole/L; 73+/-18% at 10 micromole/L; n=4). Thirteen of the B-CLL patients were treated with oral PKC412 in a phase II trial. RESULTS PKC activity in malignant cells from these patients showed a reduction post-treatment of 25-96% of their respective pre-treatment levels. Morphologic analysis, as well as in situ assay for DNA strand breaks (TUNEL assay) showed that B-CLL cells were killed by an apoptotic mechanism. In B-CLL cells the mean IC50, for PKC412, as measured by the reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiozol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), was 2.1 micromol/L in 16 samples in which the IC50 were below the maximum concentration of PKC412 used for the assay. In tonsillar B-cells, the mean IC50 was 11 micromol/L whereas PBL cells were resistant. Four of eight and 1/3 B-CLL samples that were resistant to chlorambucil and fludarabine, respectively, were sensitive to PKC412. In 15/31 B-CLL samples a dose-dependent reversal of P-gp-mediated drug efflux by PKC412 was observed. A statistically significant correlation (p<0.001) was observed between P-gp protein expression as measured by FACScan analysis and the reversal of efflux activity by either PKC412 or verapamil. PKC412 increased the sensitivity of B-CLL cells to 2'-chlorodeoxyadenosine and chlorambucil. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS This study establishes the in vitro cytotoxic and multidrug resistance (MDR) modulatory properties of PKC412 towards malignant cells from B-CLL patients. The direct antitumor activity combined with the potential for P-gp modulation make PKC412 an attractive drug for the treatment of malignancies expressing the MDR phenotype, or in combination with conventional drugs.
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MESH Headings
- 2-Chloroadenosine/analogs & derivatives
- 2-Chloroadenosine/pharmacology
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/enzymology
- Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Chlorambucil/pharmacology
- Deoxyadenosines/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Palatine Tonsil/cytology
- Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors
- Staurosporine/analogs & derivatives
- Staurosporine/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/enzymology
- Verapamil/pharmacology
- Vidarabine/analogs & derivatives
- Vidarabine/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanagasabai Ganeshaguru
- Department of Hematology, Royal Free & University College Medical School, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK.
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50
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of endoscopic sinus surgery on the pulmonary status of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients through the objective parameters of steroid use, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and inpatient hospital days (IHDs). METHODS Retrospective chart review of all patients with CF who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery from 1993 to 1999 at a tertiary care children's hospital. Preoperative pulmonary function, inhaler and steroid use, and IHDs were compared to postoperative parameters within a 1-year period. RESULTS Sixty-six patients, including eight lung transplant patients, underwent a total of 112 endoscopic sinus surgery procedures; 25 patients underwent more than one procedure. Patients were taking oral steroids preoperatively in 28% of procedures and inhaled steroids in 40%. Postoperatively, there was no statistically significant change in oral or inhaled steroid use, or in postoperative pulmonary function. If the index hospitalization, which was often for reasons not related to sinus disease, was considered part of the preoperative time period, endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) was noted to result in a marked reduction (9.5 days (adjusted), P=0.001) in hospital days during the subsequent 6 months. If the date of the procedure alone was used to define pre- and postoperative time periods, the reduction in postoperative days was more modest and not statistically significant (3.5 days (adjusted), P=0.21). CONCLUSIONS Although we found no statistically significant difference in PFTs, or steroid requirements following ESS, ESS may have resulted in a reduced need for hospitalization in the 6 months following the procedure. Future prospective studies in a larger number of patients and using more detailed outcome measures are needed to better evaluate the effects of endoscopic sinus surgery in pediatric patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Rosbe
- Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, 6th Floor, 4900 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
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