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Kim J, Kang C, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Jung Y. N-Succinylaspartic-Acid-Conjugated Riluzole Is a Safe and Potent Colon-Targeted Prodrug of Riluzole against DNBS-Induced Rat Colitis. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2638. [PMID: 38004616 PMCID: PMC10675528 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, riluzole azo-linked to salicylic acid (RAS) was prepared as a colon-targeted prodrug of riluzole (RLZ) to facilitate the repositioning of RLZ as an anticolitic drug. RAS is more effective against rat colitis than RLZ and sulfasalazine, currently used as an anti-inflammatory bowel disease drug. The aim of this study is to further improve colon specificity, anticolitic potency, and safety of RAS. N-succinylaspart-1-ylRLZ (SAR) and N-succinylglutam-1-ylRLZ (SGR) were synthesized and evaluated as a "me-better" colon-targeted prodrug of RLZ against rat colitis. SAR but not SGR was converted to RLZ in the cecal contents, whereas both conjugates remained intact in the small intestine. When comparing the colon specificity of SAR with that of RAS, the distribution coefficient and cell permeability of SAR were lower than those of RAS. In parallel, oral SAR delivered a greater amount of RLZ to the cecum of rats than oral RAS. In a DNBS-induced rat model of colitis, oral SAR mitigated colonic damage and inflammation and was more potent than oral RAS. Moreover, upon oral administration, SAR had a greater ability to limit the systemic absorption of RLZ than RAS, indicating a reduced risk of systemic side effects of SAR. Taken together, SAR may be a "me-better" colon-targeted prodrug of RLZ to improve the safety and anticolitic potency of RAS, an azo-type colon-targeted prodrug of RLZ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (C.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
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Keem MJ, Seo SW, Kim T, Jo BG, Kim SN, Yoon IS, Yang MH. A High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photodiode Array Detection Method for Simultaneous Determination of Three Compounds Isolated from Wikstroemia ganpi: Assessment of the Effects on Cytochrome P450-Mediated Metabolism In Vitro and In Vivo. Nutrients 2023; 15:4061. [PMID: 37764844 PMCID: PMC10534693 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In natural products, the content and quality of the marker components differ depending on the part, production area, collection period, and extraction method; therefore, a standardized analysis method is required to obtain consistent results. This study developed a simultaneous analysis method for three marker components (7-methoxylutolin-5-O-glucoseide, pilloin 5-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, rutarensin) isolated and purified from Wikstroemia ganpi (W. ganpi). Simultaneous analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) method that was validated according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The developed analytical method exhibited linearity (r2 > 0.999), detection limits (0.72-3.34 μg/mL), and quantification limits (2.19-10.22 μg/mL). The relative standard deviation (RSD) value of intra- and inter-day precisions was less than 1.68%, and analyte recoveries (93.42-117.55%; RSD < 1.86%) were validated according to the analytical procedures, and all parameters were within the allowable range. Quantitative analysis of the three marker components from W. ganpi MeOH extract (WGM) showed 7-methoxylutolin-5-O-glucoseide with the highest content (51.81 mg/g). The inhibitory effects of WGM on cytochrome P450 (CYP) substrate drugs were further investigated. The in vitro study revealed that WGM inhibited the CYP3A-mediated metabolism of buspirone and that 7-methoxylutolin-5-O-glucoseide and pilloin 5-O-β-d-glucopyranoside inhibited the metabolism of buspirone with IC50 values of 2.73 and 18.7 μM, respectively. However, a single oral dose of WGM did not have significant effects on the pharmacokinetics of buspirone in rats, suggesting that WGM cannot function as an inhibitor of CYP3A-mediated metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Keem
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.K.); (B.-G.J.)
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.-W.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.-W.S.); (T.K.)
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Kim
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.-W.S.); (T.K.)
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Geun Jo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.K.); (B.-G.J.)
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.-W.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Su-Nam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea;
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.-W.S.); (T.K.)
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hye Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (M.-J.K.); (B.-G.J.)
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.-W.S.); (T.K.)
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Han DG, Kwak J, Choi E, Seo SW, Vasileva EA, Mishchenko NP, Fedoreyev SA, Stonik VA, Kim HK, Han J, Byun JH, Jung IH, Yun H, Yoon IS. Physicochemical characterization and phase II metabolic profiling of echinochrome A, a bioactive constituent from sea urchin, and its physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in rats and humans. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114589. [PMID: 37004327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Echinochrome A, a natural naphthoquinone pigment found in sea urchins, is increasingly being investigated for its nutritional and therapeutic value associated with antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, antidiabetic, and cardioprotective activities. Although several studies have demonstrated the biological effects and therapeutic potential of echinochrome A, little is known regarding its biopharmaceutical behaviors. Here, we aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties and metabolic profiles of echinochrome A and establish a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model as a useful tool to support its clinical applications. We found that the lipophilicity, color variability, ultraviolet/visible spectrometry, and stability of echinochrome A were markedly affected by pH conditions. Moreover, metabolic and pharmacokinetic profiling studies demonstrated that echinochrome A is eliminated primarily by hepatic metabolism and that four possible metabolites, i.e., two glucuronidated and two methylated conjugates, are formed in rat and human liver preparations. A whole-body PBPK model incorporating the newly identified hepatic phase II metabolic process was constructed and optimized with respect to chemical-specific parameters. Furthermore, model simulations suggested that echinochrome A could exhibit linear disposition profiles without systemic and local tissue accumulation in clinical settings. Our proposed PBPK model of echinochrome A could be a valuable tool for predicting drug interactions in previously unexplored scenarios and for optimizing dosage regimens and drug formulations.
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Seo SW, Han DG, Baek YM, Park MC, Yoo JW, Jung Y, Maeng HJ, Myung H, Yoon IS. Investigation of the factors responsible for the low oral bioavailability of alizarin using a sensitive LC-MS/MS method: In vitro, in situ, and in vivo evaluations. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:579-591. [PMID: 36811607 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Alizarin (1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone) is an anthraquinone reddish dye widely used for painting and textile dyeing. As the biological activity of alizarin has recently attracted increasing attention from researchers, its therapeutic potential as complementary and alternative medicine is of interest. However, no systematic research has been conducted on the biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic aspects of alizarin. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the oral absorption and intestinal/hepatic metabolism of alizarin using a simple and sensitive tandem mass spectrometry method developed and validated in-house. The present method for the bioanalysis of alizarin has merits, including a simple pretreatment procedure, small sample volume, and adequate sensitivity. Alizarin exhibited pH-dependent moderate lipophilicity and low solubility with limited intestinal luminal stability. Based on the in vivo pharmacokinetic data, the hepatic extraction ratio of alizarin was estimated to be 0.165-0.264, classified as a low level of hepatic extraction. In an in situ loop study, considerable fractions (28.2%-56.4%) of the alizarin dose were significantly absorbed in gut segments from the duodenum to ileum, suggesting that alizarin may be classified as the Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II. An in vitro metabolism study using rat and human hepatic S9 fractions revealed that glucuronidation and sulfation, but not NADPH-mediated phase I reactions and methylation, are significantly involved in the hepatic metabolism of alizarin. Taken together, it can be estimated that the fractions of oral alizarin dose unabsorbed from the gut lumen and eliminated by the gut and liver before reaching the systemic circulation are 43.6%-76.7%, 0.474%-36.3%, and 3.77%-5.31% of the dose, respectively, resulting in a low oral bioavailability of 16.8%. Therefore, the oral bioavailability of alizarin depends primarily on its chemical degradation in the gut lumen and secondarily on first-pass metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Young Mee Baek
- Cultural Heritage Preservation Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Min Chul Park
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Han-Joo Maeng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Heejoon Myung
- LyseNTech Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si, Gyunggi, South Korea.,Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin-si, Gyunggi, South Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Kang C, Jeong S, Kim J, Ju S, Im E, Heo G, Park S, Yoo JW, Lee J, Yoon IS, Jung Y. N-Acetylserotonin is an oxidation-responsive activator of Nrf2 ameliorating colitis in rats. J Pineal Res 2023; 74:e12835. [PMID: 36214640 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetylserotonin (NAS) is an intermediate in the melatonin biosynthetic pathway. We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of NAS by focusing on its chemical feature oxidizable to an electrophile. NAS was readily oxidized by reaction with HOCl, an oxidant produced in the inflammatory state. HOCl-reacted NAS (Oxi-NAS), but not NAS, activated the anti-inflammatory nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-heme oxygenase (HO)-1 pathway in cells. Chromatographic and mass analyses demonstrated that Oxi-NAS was the iminoquinone form of NAS and could react with N-acetylcysteine possessing a nucleophilic thiol to form a covalent adduct. Oxi-NAS bound to Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, resulting in Nrf2 dissociation. Moreover, rectally administered NAS increased the levels of nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in the inflamed colon of rats. Simultaneously, NAS was converted to Oxi-NAS in the inflamed colon. Rectal NAS mitigated colonic damage and inflammation. The anticolitic effects were significantly compromised by the coadministration of an HO-1 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkeun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunok Im
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangbeom Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Kang C, Kim J, Ju S, Cho H, Kim HY, Yoon IS, Yoo JW, Jung Y. Colon-Targeted Trans-Cinnamic Acid Ameliorates Rat Colitis by Activating GPR109A. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010041. [PMID: 36678670 PMCID: PMC9865397 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed colon-targeted trans-cinnamic acid (tCA) and synthesized its conjugates with glutamic acid (tCA-GA) and aspartic acid (tCA-AA). We evaluated the anti-colitic activity of colon-targeted tCA using a dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced rat colitis model. The conjugates lowered the distribution coefficient and Caco-2 cell permeability of tCA and converted to tCA in the cecum, with higher rates and percentages with tCA-GA than with tCA-AA. Following oral gavage, tCA-GA delivered a higher amount of tCA to the cecum and exhibited better anti-colitic effects than tCA and sulfasalazine (SSZ), which is the current treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. In the cellular assay, tCA acted as a full agonist of GPR109A (EC50: 530 µM). The anti-colitic effects of tCA-GA were significantly compromised by the co-administration of the GPR109A antagonist, mepenzolate. Collectively, colon-targeted tCA potentiated the anti-colitic activity of tCA by effectively activating GPR109A in the inflamed colon, enabling tCA to elicit therapeutic superiority over SSZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyeong Cho
- Biotechnology & Therapeutic Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Biotechnology & Therapeutic Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2527; Fax: +82-51-513-6754
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Seong GS, Seo SW, Cho JY, Lee KW, Lee BJ, Yoon IS, Jin HE. Determination of Leuprolide-Fatty Acid Conjugate in Rat Plasma Using LC-MS/MS and Its Pharmacokinetics after Subcutaneous Administration in Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248716. [PMID: 36557850 PMCID: PMC9786172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Leuprolide is a synthetic nonapeptide drug (pyroGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-d-Leu-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt) that acts as a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. The continuous administration of therapeutic doses of leuprolide inhibits gonadotropin secretion, which is used in androgen-deprivation therapy for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, central precocious puberty, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and other sex-hormone-related conditions. To improve the pharmacokinetic properties of peptide drugs, a fatty acid was conjugated with leuprolide for long-term action. In this study, we developed a simple ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of leuprolide and leuprolide-oleic acid conjugate (LOC) levels. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability according to the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines, and the parameters were within acceptable limits. Subsequently, the pharmacokinetics of leuprolide and LOCs were evaluated. In vivo rat subcutaneous studies revealed that conjugation with fatty acids significantly altered the pharmacokinetics of leuprolide. After the subcutaneous administration of fatty-acid-conjugated leuprolide, the mean absorption time and half-life were prolonged. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing the effects of fatty acid conjugates on the pharmacokinetics of leuprolide using a newly developed UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of leuprolide and LOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Sang Seong
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Wan Lee
- Dongkook Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul 06072, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.-S.Y.); (H.-E.J.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2806 (I.-S.Y.); +82-31-219-3466 (H.-E.J.)
| | - Hyo-Eon Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.-S.Y.); (H.-E.J.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2806 (I.-S.Y.); +82-31-219-3466 (H.-E.J.)
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Lee J, Bae J, Kwak D, Kim H, Kim J, Phyu Hlaing S, Saparbayeva A, Hee Lee E, Yoon IS, Kim MS, Ryong Moon H, Yoo JW. 5-Fluorouracil crystal-incorporated, pH-responsive, and release-modulating PLGA/Eudragit FS hybrid microparticles for local colorectal cancer-targeted chemotherapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122443. [PMID: 36503847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer (CRC) owing to its potent anticancer effects. However, severe systemic side effects and poor drug accumulation in the CRC tissues limit its efficacy. This study aimed to develop 5-FU crystal-incorporated, pH-responsive, and release-modulating poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)/Eudragit FS hybrid microparticles (5FU-EPMPs) for the local CRC-targeted chemotherapy. Approximately 150 μm 5FU-EPMPs were fabricated via the S/O/W emulsion solvent evaporation method, with 7.93 ± 0.24% and 87.23 ± 2.64% 5-FU loading and encapsulation efficiencies, respectively. Drug release profiles in a simulated pH environment of the gastrointestinal tract revealed that premature 5-FU release in the stomach and small intestine was prevented, thereby minimizing systemic 5-FU absorption. After reaching the colon, 5-FU was continuously released for >15 h, allowing long-term exposure of CRC tissues to sufficient 5-FU concentrations. Furthermore, in a CRC mouse model, the 5FU-EPMPs showed potent inhibition of tumor growth without signs of systemic toxicity. Thus, the 5FU-EPMPs represent a promising drug delivery system for local CRC-targeted chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhwan Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Shwe Phyu Hlaing
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Aruzhan Saparbayeva
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Cao J, Hlaing SP, Lee J, Kim J, Lee EH, Kang SH, Hong SW, Yoon IS, Yun H, Jung Y, Yoo JW. Bacteria-Adhesive Nitric Oxide-Releasing Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles for MRPA-Infected Wound Healing Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:50507-50519. [PMID: 36331408 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A bacteria-infected wound can lead to being life-threatening and raises a great economic burden on the patient. Here, we developed polyethylenimine 1.8k (PEI1.8k) surface modified NO-releasing polyethylenimine 25k (PEI25k)-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles (GO-PEI25k/NO-PEI1.8k NPs) for enhanced antibacterial activity and infected wound healing via binding to the bacterial surface. In vitro antibacterial activity and in vivo wound healing efficacy in an infected wound model were evaluated compared with NO-releasing NPs (GO-PEI25k/NO NPs). Surface modification with PEI1.8k can enhance the ability of nanoparticles to adhere to bacteria. GO-PEI25k/NO-PEI1.8k NPs released NO in a sustained manner for 48 h and exhibited the highest bactericidal activity (99.99% killing) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA) without cytotoxicity to L929 mouse fibroblast cells at 0.1 mg/mL. In the MRPA-infected wound model, GO-PEI25k/NO-PEI1.8k NPs showed 87% wound size reduction while GO-PEI25k/NO NPs showed 23% wound size reduction at 9 days postinjury. Masson trichrome and hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that GO-PEI25k/NO-PEI1.8k NPs enhanced re-epithelialization and collagen deposition, which are comparable to healthy mouse skin tissue. GO-PEI25k/NO-PEI1.8k NPs hold promise as effective antibacterial and wound healing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang550014, China
| | - Shwe Phyu Hlaing
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong30019, South Korea
| | - Seok Hee Kang
- College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan46241, South Korea
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Park S, Kang C, Kim J, Ju S, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Kim MS, Lee J, Jung Y. A Colon-Targeted Prodrug of Riluzole Improves Therapeutic Effectiveness and Safety upon Drug Repositioning of Riluzole to an Anti-Colitic Drug. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3784-3794. [PMID: 36043999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Riluzole (RLZ) is a neuroprotective drug indicated for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. To examine the feasibility of RLZ for repositioning as an anti-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) drug, RLZ (2, 5, and 10 mg/kg) was administered orally to rats with colitis induced by 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. Oral RLZ was effective against rat colitis in a dose-dependent manner, which was statistically significant at doses over 5 mg/kg. To address safety issues upon repositioning and further improve anti-colitic effectiveness, RLZ was coupled with salicylic acid (SA) via an azo-bond to yield RLZ-azo-SA (RAS) for the targeted colonic delivery of RLZ. Upon oral gavage, RAS (oral RAS) was efficiently delivered to and activated to RLZ in the large intestine, and systemic absorption of RLZ was substantially reduced. Oral RAS ameliorated colonic damage and inflammation in rat colitis and was more effective than oral RLZ and sulfasalazine, a current anti-IBD drug. Moreover, oral RAS potently inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in the inflamed distal colon, leading to the suppression of NFκB activity and an increase in the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. Taken together, RAS, which enables RLZ to be delivered to and inhibit GSK3β in the inflamed colon, may facilitate repositioning of RLZ as an anti-IBD drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyu Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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11
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Choi E, Han DG, Park JE, Lee HY, Yoo JW, Jung Y, Song IS, Yoon IS. A simple and sensitive HPLC-FL method for bioanalysis of velpatasvir, a novel hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor, in rat plasma: Investigation of factors determining its oral bioavailability. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1208:123399. [PMID: 35921698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Velpatasvir is a novel inhibitor of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A that received US Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotypes 1-6. In the present study, a sensitive bioanalytical method for velpatasvir was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector system, which was applied to elucidate the factors determining the oral bioavailability and disposition of velpatasvir. This method offered sufficient sensitivity, with a lower limit of quantification of 0.5 ng/mL, which is comparable to previously reported methods using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Velpatasvir exhibited low oral bioavailability, moderate intestinal permeability, and significant biliary excretion in rats. It was also found to be significantly metabolized in the liver, with a low-to-moderate extraction ratio; however, its intestinal metabolism and enterohepatic circulation did not occur. Thus, our present results demonstrate that the oral bioavailability of velpatasvir is primarily dependent on gut absorption and hepatic first-pass metabolism. The fractions of velpatasvir dose unabsorbed from the gut and eliminated by the liver before reaching the systemic circulation following oral administration were estimated to be 32.8%-58.6% and 4.74%-30.54% of the oral dose, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic study to investigate the contributory roles of biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic factors on the oral bioavailability of velpatasvir, together with a new bioanalytical method for velpatasvir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Choi
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, South Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Im-Sook Song
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE), Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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12
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Han DG, Seo SW, Choi E, Kim MS, Yoo JW, Jung Y, Yoon IS. Impact of route-dependent phase-II gut metabolism and enterohepatic circulation on the bioavailability and systemic disposition of resveratrol in rats and humans: A comprehensive whole body physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113141. [PMID: 35609369 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin, is a dietary supplement that improves the outcomes of metabolic, cardiovascular, and other age-related diseases due to its diverse pharmacological activities. Although there have been several preclinical and clinical investigations of resveratrol, the contributions of gut phase-II metabolism and enterohepatic circulation to the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of resveratrol remain unclear. Furthermore, a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that accurately describes and predicts the systemic exposure profiles of resveratrol in clinical settings has not been developed. Experimental data were acquired from several perspectives, including in vitro protein binding and blood distribution, in vitro tissue S9 metabolism, in situ intestinal perfusion, and in vivo pharmacokinetics and excretion studies. Using these datasets, an in-house whole-body PBPK model incorporating route-dependent phase-II (glucuronidation and sulfation) gut metabolism and enterohepatic circulation processes was constructed and optimized for chemical-specific parameters. The developed PBPK model aligned with the observed systemic exposure profiles of resveratrol in single and multiple dosing regimens with an acceptable accuracy of 0.538-0.999-fold errors. Furthermore, the model simulations elucidated the substantial contribution of gut first-pass metabolism to the oral bioavailability of resveratrol and suggested differential effects of enterohepatic circulation on the systemic exposure of resveratrol between rats and humans. After partial modification and verification, our proposed PBPK model would be valuable to optimize dosage regimens and predict food-drug interactions with resveratrol-based natural products in various clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Eugene Choi
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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13
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Lee J, Hlaing SP, Hasan N, Kwak D, Kim H, Cao J, Yoon IS, Yun H, Jung Y, Yoo JW. Correction to "Tumor-Penetrable Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanoparticles Potentiate Local Antimelanoma Therapy". ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:26314. [PMID: 35617644 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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14
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Chuesiang P, Zhang J, Choi E, Yoon IS, Kim JT, Shin GH. Observation of curcumin-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) oleogels under in vitro lipid digestion and in situ intestinal absorption in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:520-529. [PMID: 35337911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Cur-NLCs)-based hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) oleogels (Cur-NLCs-HPMC-OGs) were fabricated using a cryogel template. The effect of the HPMC viscosity grade on the oleogel characteristics and in situ intestinal absorption were examined. Highly stable Cur-NLCs were prepared with a mean particle size of 314 nm and polydispersity index of 0.275. Cur-NLCs affected the creamy texture of self-standing Cur-NLCs-HPMC-OGs. The Cur-NLCs were tightly packed as oil droplets in the network of HPMC. However, a high viscosity of HPMC-4000 led to a greater ability to entrap and prevent droplet coalescence compared to a low viscosity of HPMC-400. NLCs promoted the release of free fatty acids during in vitro lipid digestion, whereas HPMC-4000 maintained the strength and durability of oleogels against mechanical and enzymatic breakdown. The in situ loop results revealed higher curcumin absorption by Cur-NLCs-HPMC-OGs than by Cur-HPMC-OGs. HMPC-4000 showed slightly higher curcumin absorption compared to HPMC-400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyanan Chuesiang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Choi
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Tae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gye Hwa Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Kim J, Hlaing SP, Lee J, Saparbayeva A, Kim S, Hwang DS, Lee EH, Yoon IS, Yun H, Kim MS, Moon HR, Jung Y, Yoo JW. Exfoliated bentonite/alginate nanocomposite hydrogel enhances intestinal delivery of probiotics by resistance to gastric pH and on-demand disintegration. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118462. [PMID: 34420722 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)-encapsulating exfoliated bentonite/alginate nanocomposite hydrogels for protecting probiotics by delaying gastric fluid penetration into the nanocomposite and their on-demand release in the intestine. The pore size of the bentonite/alginate nanocomposite hydrogels (BA15) was two-fold smaller than that of alginate hydrogel (BA00). Following gastric pH challenge, the survival of LGG in BA15 decreased by only 1.43 log CFU/g as compared to the 6.25 log CFU/g decrease in alginate (BA00). Further, the internal pH of BA15 decreased more gradually than that of BA00. After oral administration in mice, BA15 maintained shape integrity during gastric passage, followed by appropriate disintegration within the target intestinal area. Additionally, a fecal recovery experiment in mice showed that the viable counts of LGG in BA15 were six-fold higher than those in BA00. The findings suggest the exfoliated bentonite/alginate nanocomposite hydrogel as a promising platform for intestinal delivery of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Shwe Phyu Hlaing
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | | | - Sangsik Kim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Dong Soo Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, South Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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16
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Jeong S, Kang C, Park S, Ju S, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Yun H, Jung Y. Eletrophilic Chemistry of Tranilast Is Involved in Its Anti-Colitic Activity via Nrf2-HO-1 Pathway Activation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111092. [PMID: 34832874 PMCID: PMC8623426 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tranilast (TRL), a synthetic derivative of a tryptophan metabolite, is an anti-allergic drug used to treat bronchial asthma. We investigated how TRL activated the nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway based on the electrophilic chemistry of the drug and whether TRL activity contributed to the treatment of rat colitis. In human colon carcinoma cells, TRL activated Nrf2, as represented by an increase in nuclear Nrf2 and induction of Nrf2-dependent luciferase and, subsequently, HO-1, a target gene product of Nrf2. TRL activation of Nrf2 and induction of HO-1 were completely prevented by chemical reduction of the electrophilic functional group (α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group) in the drug. In parallel, TRL was reactive with the nucleophilic thiol group in N-acetylcysteine, forming a covalent adduct. Moreover, TRL, but not reduced TRL, binds to Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), releasing Nrf2. TRL administration ameliorated colonic damage and inflammation in rats with dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis, which was partly compromised by the chemical reduction of TRL or co-treatment with an HO-1 inhibitor. Our results suggest that TRL activated the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway via covalent binding to KEAP1, partly contributing to TRL amelioration in rat colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunjin Jung
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2527; Fax: +82-51-513-6754
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17
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Hasan N, Lee J, Kwak D, Kim H, Saparbayeva A, Ahn HJ, Yoon IS, Kim MS, Jung Y, Yoo JW. Diethylenetriamine/NONOate-doped alginate hydrogel with sustained nitric oxide release and minimal toxicity to accelerate healing of MRSA-infected wounds. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 270:118387. [PMID: 34364628 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the development of a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing hydrogel wound dressing and its efficacy at accelerating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected wound healing. A DETA/NONOate-doped alginate (Alg-DETA/NO) hydrogel was synthesized using alginate as a hydrogel-forming wound dressing material and diethylenetriamine/diazeniumdiolate (DETA/NONOate) as an NO donor. Alg-DETA/NO exhibited a prolonged NO release profile over a period of 4 days. The rheological properties of Alg-DETA/NO did not differ significantly from those of pure alginate. Importantly, Alg-DETA/NO showed potent antibacterial activity against MRSA, with minimal toxicity to mouse fibroblasts. The application of Alg-DETA/NO to MRSA-infected wounds in a mouse model showed a favorable wound healing with accelerated wound-size reduction and reduced skin bacterial infection. Additionally, histological examination revealed that Alg-DETA/NO reduced inflammation at the wound site and promoted re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition. Thus, Alg-DETA/NO presented herein could serve as a safe and potent hydrogel dressing for the treatment of MRSA-infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhasni Hasan
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Dongmin Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | | | - Hye-Jin Ahn
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea..
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18
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Lee J, Hlaing SP, Hasan N, Kwak D, Kim H, Cao J, Yoon IS, Yun H, Jung Y, Yoo JW. Tumor-Penetrable Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanoparticles Potentiate Local Antimelanoma Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:30383-30396. [PMID: 34162207 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although nitric oxide (NO) has been emerging as a novel local anticancer agent because of its potent cytotoxic effects and lack of off-target side effects, its clinical applications remain a challenge because of the short effective diffusion distance of NO that limits its anticancer activity. In this study, we synthesized albumin-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-conjugated linear polyethylenimine diazeniumdiolate (LP/NO) nanoparticles (Alb-PLP/NO NPs) that possess tumor-penetrating and NO-releasing properties for an effective local treatment of melanoma. Sufficient NO-loading and prolonged NO-releasing characteristics of Alb-PLP/NO NPs were acquired through PLGA-conjugated LP/NO copolymer (PLP/NO) synthesis, followed by nanoparticle fabrication. In addition, tumor penetration ability was rendered by the electrostatic adsorption of the albumin on the surface of the nanoparticles. The Alb-PLP/NO NPs showed enhanced intracellular NO delivery efficiency and cytotoxicity to B16F10 murine melanoma cells. In B16F10-tumor-bearing mice, the Alb-PLP/NO NPs showed improved extracellular matrix penetration and spatial distribution in the tumor tissue after intratumoral injection, resulting in enhanced antitumor activity. Taken together, the results suggest that Alb-PLP/NO NPs represent a promising new modality for the local treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Shwe Phyu Hlaing
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Nurhasni Hasan
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dongmin Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jiafu Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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19
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Kim JM, Seo SW, Han DG, Yun H, Yoon IS. Assessment of Metabolic Interaction between Repaglinide and Quercetin via Mixed Inhibition in the Liver: In Vitro and In Vivo. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060782. [PMID: 34071139 PMCID: PMC8224802 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Repaglinide (RPG), a rapid-acting meglitinide analog, is an oral hypoglycemic agent for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Quercetin (QCT) is a well-known antioxidant and antidiabetic flavonoid that has been used as an important ingredient in many functional foods and complementary medicines. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of QCT on the metabolism of RPG and its underlying mechanisms. The mean (range) IC50 of QCT on the microsomal metabolism of RPG was estimated to be 16.7 (13.0–18.6) μM in the rat liver microsome (RLM) and 3.0 (1.53–5.44) μM in the human liver microsome (HLM). The type of inhibition exhibited by QCT on RPG metabolism was determined to be a mixed inhibition with a Ki of 72.0 μM in RLM and 24.2 μM in HLM as obtained through relevant graphical and enzyme inhibition model-based analyses. Furthermore, the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) and peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of RPG administered intravenously and orally in rats were significantly increased by 1.83- and 1.88-fold, respectively, after concurrent administration with QCT. As the protein binding and blood distribution of RPG were observed to be unaltered by QCT, it is plausible that the hepatic first-pass and systemic metabolism of RPG could have been inhibited by QCT, resulting in the increased systemic exposure (AUC and Cmax) of RPG. These results suggest that there is a possibility that clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions between QCT and RPG could occur, depending on the extent and duration of QCT intake from foods and dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hwayoung Yun
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (I.-S.Y.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2810 (H.Y.); +82-51-510-2806 (I.-S.Y.)
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (I.-S.Y.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2810 (H.Y.); +82-51-510-2806 (I.-S.Y.)
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20
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Lee H, Park S, Ju S, Kim S, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Min DS, Jung Y. Preparation and Evaluation of Colon-Targeted Prodrugs of the Microbial Metabolite 3-Indolepropionic Acid as an Anticolitic Agent. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1730-1741. [PMID: 33661643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial metabolites play a critical role in mucosal homeostasis by mediating physiological communication between the host and colonic microbes, whose perturbation may lead to gut inflammation. The microbial metabolite 3-indolepropionic acid (3-IPA) is one such communication mediator with potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. To apply the metabolite for the treatment of colitis, 3-IPA was coupled with acidic amino acids to yield colon-targeted 3-IPA, 3-IPA-aspartic acid (IPA-AA) and 3-IPA-glutamic acid (IPA-GA). Both conjugates were activated to 3-IPA in the cecal contents, which occurred faster for IPA-AA. Oral gavage of IPA-AA (oral IPA-AA) delivered a millimolar concentration of IPA-AA to the cecum, liberating 3-IPA. In a 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced rat colitis model, oral IPA-AA ameliorated rat colitis and was less effective than sulfasalazine (SSZ), a current anti-inflammatory bowel disease drug. To enhance the anticolitic activity of 3-IPA, it was azo-linked with the GPR109 agonist 5-aminonicotinic acid (5-ANA) to yield IPA-azo-ANA, expecting a mutual anticolitic action. IPA-azo-ANA (activated to 5-ANA and 2-amino-3-IPA) exhibited colon specificity in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Oral IPA-azo-ANA mitigated colonic damage and inflammation and was more effective than SSZ. These results suggest that colon-targeted 3-IPA ameliorated rat colitis and its anticolitic activity could be enhanced by codelivery of the GPR109A agonist 5-ANA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanju Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Sik Min
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Seo SW, Kim JM, Han DG, Geum D, Yun H, Yoon IS. A sensitive HPLC-FLD method for the quantification of alpelisib, a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, in rat plasma: Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic evaluation in vitro and in vivo. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1163:122508. [PMID: 33387858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alpelisib, a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, is an oral anticancer agent approved for the treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancer. In this study, a sensitive bioanalytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) was developed for the determination of alpelisib in rat plasma. This newly developed method was validated in terms of linearity (1-1,000 ng/mL), precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability according to the US Food and Drug Administration guideline and these parameters were within the acceptable limits. Alpelisib tended to be stable in plasma, urine, simulated intestinal fluid, and buffer with pH > 4.0 for 24 h, but in the pH 1.2 buffer and simulated gastric fluid for up to 4 h only. A study involving intravenous administration of alpelisib in rats showed that the dose-normalized area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of alpelisib changed significantly as the dose increased from 1 to 10 mg/kg. Similarly, an oral rat study indicated that the dose-normalized AUC and the fraction of dose that remained in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract changed significantly as the dose increased from 0.5 to 10 mg/kg. These nonlinear (dose-dependent) pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral alpelisib could be attributed to the saturation of ubiquitous metabolism among most tissues and/or GI absorption processes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the in vivo nonlinear pharmacokinetics of alpelisib and its possible mechanisms, together with a new HPLC-FLD method to determine alpelisib in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ji-Min Kim
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dongho Geum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
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22
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Doan TNK, Vo DK, Kim H, Balla A, Lee Y, Yoon IS, Maeng HJ. Differential Effects of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 on the Expressions and Functions of Hepatic CYP and UGT Enzymes and Its Pharmacokinetic Consequences In Vivo. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111129. [PMID: 33238436 PMCID: PMC7700423 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The compound 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is the active form of vitamin D3 and a representative ligand of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Previous studies have described the impacts of 1,25(OH)2D3 on a small number of cytochrome P450 (CYP) and uridine diphosphate-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) enzymes, but comparatively little is known about interactions between several important CYP and UGT isoforms and 1,25(OH)2D3 in vitro and/or in vivo. Thus, we investigated the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the gene and protein expressions and functional activities of selected CYPs and UGTs and their impacts on drug pharmacokinetics in rats. The mRNA/protein expressions of Cyp2b1 and Cyp2c11 were downregulated in rat liver by 1,25(OH)2D3. Consistently, the in vitro metabolic kinetics (Vmax and CLint) of BUP (bupropion; a Cyp2b1 substrate) and TOL (tolbutamide; a Cyp2c11 substrate) were significantly changed by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment in liver microsomes, but the kinetics of acetaminophen (an Ugt1a6/1a7/1a8 substrate) remained unaffected, consistent with Western blotting data for Ugt1a6. In rat pharmacokinetic studies, the total body clearance (CL) and nonrenal clearance (CLNR) of BUP were significantly reduced by 1,25(OH)2D3, but unexpectedly, the total area under the plasma concentration versus time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC) of hydroxybupropion (HBUP) was increased probably due to a marked reduction in the renal clearance (CLR) of HBUP. Additionally, the AUC, CL, and CLNR for TOL and the AUC for 4-hydroxytolbutamide (HTOL) were unaffected by 1,25(OH)2D3 in vivo. Discrepancies between observed in vitro metabolic activity and in vivo pharmacokinetics of TOL were possibly due to a greater apparent distribution volume at the steady-state (Vss) and lower plasma protein binding in 1,25(OH)2D3-treated rats. Our results suggest possible drug-drug and drug-nutrient interactions and provide additional information concerning safe drug combinations and dosing regimens for patients taking VDR ligand drugs including 1,25(OH)2D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Nguyen Kieu Doan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (T.N.K.D.); (D.-K.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Dang-Khoa Vo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (T.N.K.D.); (D.-K.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Hyojung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Anusha Balla
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (T.N.K.D.); (D.-K.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Yunjong Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: (I.-S.Y.); (H.-J.M.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2806 (I.-S.Y.); +82-32-820-4935 (H.-J.M.)
| | - Han-Joo Maeng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea; (T.N.K.D.); (D.-K.V.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: (I.-S.Y.); (H.-J.M.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2806 (I.-S.Y.); +82-32-820-4935 (H.-J.M.)
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23
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Lee Y, Kim J, Kim W, Yoon IS, Jung Y. Preparation and Evaluation of Amino Acid Conjugates of Celecoxib as Prodrugs to Improve the Pharmacokinetic and Therapeutic Properties of Celecoxib. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111043. [PMID: 33143357 PMCID: PMC7693880 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although celecoxib is quite effective in the management of inflammation-related diseases, especially arthritis, its use is limited by concerns including low bioavailability (BA), non-linear pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, and peak concentration-related toxicity. To overcome these issues, we designed and prepared hydrophilic celecoxib prodrugs, namely N-glycyl-aspart-1yl celecoxib (N-GA1C), glutam-1-yl celecoxib (G1C), and aspart-1yl celecoxib (A1C), for the sustained release of celecoxib in the intestine with limited systemic absorption. The celecoxib derivatives were converted to celecoxib in the intestinal contents. The conversion rates were in order of N-GA1C > G1C > A1C. Oral administration of the celecoxib derivatives (oral celecoxib derivatives) sustained the plasma concentration of celecoxib for 24 h, improving the BA and linearity of the PK profile of celecoxib. The peak concentrations (Cmax) of celecoxib after oral celecoxib derivatives were lower than that after oral celecoxib. In a carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, oral N-GA1C exhibited greater anti-inflammatory activity for a longer duration compared with oral celecoxib. The order of efficacy of the celecoxib derivatives was N-GA1C > G1C > A1C. Taken together, the prodrug approach is a feasible strategy to improve the PK and therapeutic properties of celecoxib, and among the celecoxib derivatives, N-GA1C may be the most promising prodrug of celecoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.K.); (W.K.); (I.-S.Y.)
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Jungyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.K.); (W.K.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Wooseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.K.); (W.K.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.K.); (W.K.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.K.); (W.K.); (I.-S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
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Kim S, Lee S, Lee H, Ju S, Park S, Kwon D, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Min DS, Jung YS, Jung Y. A Colon-Targeted Prodrug, 4-Phenylbutyric Acid-Glutamic Acid Conjugate, Ameliorates 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090843. [PMID: 32899177 PMCID: PMC7558321 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An elevated level of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is considered an aggravating factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To develop an ER-stress attenuator that is effective against colitis, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), a chemical chaperone that alleviates ER stress, was conjugated with acidic amino acids to yield 4-PBA-glutamic acid (PBA-GA) and 4-PBA-aspartic acid (PBA-AA) conjugates. The PBA derivatives were converted to 4-PBA in the cecal contents, and the conversion was greater with PBA-GA than that with PBA-AA. After oral administration of PBA-GA (oral PBA-GA), up to 2.7 mM PBA was detected in the cecum, whereas 4-PBA was not detected in the blood, indicating that PBA-GA predominantly targeted the large intestine. In 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats, oral PBA-GA alleviated the damage and inflammation in the colon and substantially reduced the elevated levels of ER stress marker proteins in the inflamed colon. Moreover, PBA-GA was found to be as effective as the currently used anti-IBD drug, sulfasalazine. In conclusion, PBA-GA is a colon-targeted prodrug of 4-PBA and is effective against rat colitis probably via the attenuation of ER stress in the inflamed colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Hanju Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Sohee Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Doyoung Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Do Sik Min
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Korea;
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-S.J.); (Y.J.); Tel.: +51-510-2816 (Y.-S.J.); +51-510-2527(Y.J.); Fax: +51-513-6754 (Y.-S.J. & Y.J.)
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (S.J.); (S.P.); (D.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-S.J.); (Y.J.); Tel.: +51-510-2816 (Y.-S.J.); +51-510-2527(Y.J.); Fax: +51-513-6754 (Y.-S.J. & Y.J.)
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25
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Byun JH, Yoon IS, Jeong YD, Kim S, Jung IH. A Tumor-Immune Interaction Model for Synergistic Combinations of Anti PD-L1 and Ionizing Irradiation Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090830. [PMID: 32878065 PMCID: PMC7558639 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy with immune checkpoint blockade and ionizing irradiation therapy (IR) generates a synergistic effect to inhibit tumor growth better than either therapy does alone. We modeled the tumor-immune interactions occurring during combined IT and IR based on the published data from Deng et al. The mathematical model considered programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death ligand 1, to quantify data fitting and global sensitivity of critical parameters. Fitting of data from control, IR and IT samples was conducted to verify the synergistic effect of a combination therapy consisting of IR and IT. Our approach using the model showed that an increase in the expression level of PD-1 and PD-L1 was proportional to tumor growth before therapy, but not after initiating therapy. The high expression level of PD-L1 in T cells may inhibit IT efficacy. After combination therapy begins, the tumor size was also influenced by the ratio of PD-1 to PD-L1. These results highlight that the ratio of PD-1 to PD-L1 in T cells could be considered in combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Byun
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.H.B.); (Y.D.J.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Yong Dam Jeong
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.H.B.); (Y.D.J.); (S.K.)
| | - Sungchan Kim
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.H.B.); (Y.D.J.); (S.K.)
- Finance Fishery Manufacture Industrial Mathematics Center on Big Data, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Il Hyo Jung
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.H.B.); (Y.D.J.); (S.K.)
- Finance Fishery Manufacture Industrial Mathematics Center on Big Data, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Seo SW, Park JW, Han DG, Kim JM, Kim S, Park T, Kang KH, Yang MH, Yoon IS. In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of Metabolic Drug Interaction Potential of Dutasteride with Ketoconazole. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11120673. [PMID: 31835695 PMCID: PMC6956158 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dutasteride (DUT) is a selective, potent, competitive, and irreversible inhibitor of both type-1 and type-2 5α-reductase (5AR) commonly used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenetic alopecia. In the present study, we developed a simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FL) method for simultaneous determination of DUT and its major active metabolite, 6β-hydroxydutasteride (H-DUT). Next, the pharmacokinetic interactions of DUT with ketoconazole (KET), a potent CYP3A inhibitor, were comprehensively investigated. In vivo rat intravenous and oral studies revealed that the pharmacokinetics of DUT and H-DUT were significantly altered by the co-administration of KET. Furthermore, the in vitro microsomal metabolism, blood distribution, and protein-binding studies suggest that the altered pharmacokinetics of DUT could be attributed primarily to the inhibition of the DUT metabolism by KET. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show the drug interaction potential of DUT with azole antifungal drugs including KET, together with a newly developed HPLC-FL method for the simultaneous quantification of DUT and H-DUT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.-W.S.); (D.-G.H.); (J.-M.K.)
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea;
| | - Dong-Gyun Han
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.-W.S.); (D.-G.H.); (J.-M.K.)
| | - Ji-Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.-W.S.); (D.-G.H.); (J.-M.K.)
| | - Sanghyun Kim
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Taeuk Park
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.K.); (T.P.)
| | - Kyung-Hwa Kang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 47227, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.-H.K.); (M.H.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - Min Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.-W.S.); (D.-G.H.); (J.-M.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.-H.K.); (M.H.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.-W.S.); (D.-G.H.); (J.-M.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.-H.K.); (M.H.Y.); (I.-S.Y.)
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27
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Jeong S, Lee H, Kim S, Ju S, Kim W, Cho H, Kim HY, Heo G, Im E, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Jung Y. 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Azo-Coupled with a GPR109A Agonist Is a Colon-Targeted Anticolitic Codrug with a Reduced Risk of Skin Toxicity. Mol Pharm 2019; 17:167-179. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seongkeun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanju Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyeong Cho
- Biotechnology & Therapeutic Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Biotechnology & Therapeutic Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangbeom Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunok Im
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Kim W, Kim D, Jeong S, Ju S, Lee H, Kim S, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Jung Y. Conjugation of Amisulpride, an Anti-Psychotic Agent, with 5-Aminosalicylic Acid via an Azo Bond Yields an Orally Active Mutual Prodrug against Rat Colitis. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11110585. [PMID: 31703411 PMCID: PMC6920822 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amisulpride (ASP), an anti-psychotic agent, is a pharmacologically equivalent to sulpiride (SP). Because SP demonstrates anti-ulcer and anti-colitic activities, ASP with an aniline moiety was azo-coupled to salicylic acid to generate 5-(aminoethanoylsulfamoyl)-N-[(1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl]-2-methoxybenzamide (ASP-azo-ASA), with the expectation that it would act as a colon-specific mutual prodrug against colitis. Following a 24 h incubation, approximately 80% of ASP-azo-ASA was cleaved to form ASP and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in the cecal contents, whereas it remained stable in the small intestinal contents. Oral gavage of ASP-azo-ASA (oral ASP-azo-ASA) delivered 5-ASA to the cecum to levels comparable with those observed for sulfasalazine (SSZ; clinical colon-specific prodrug of 5-ASA) and without detectable concentrations of ASP in the blood, indicating efficient colonic delivery. Oral ASP-azo-ASA ameliorated 2, 4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid hydrate (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats more effectively than oral SSZ. Additionally, oral ASP-azo-ASA lowered the levels of inflammatory mediators in the inflamed distal colon more effectively than oral SSZ. Combined treatment with 5-ASA and ASP via the rectal route more effectively reversed colonic damage and inflammation than treatment with 5-ASA or ASP alone, confirming the mutual anti-colitic actions of 5-ASA and ASP. In conclusion, ASP-azo-ASA is an orally active mutual prodrug against rat colitis with limited systemic absorption of ASP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunjin Jung
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +051-510-2527; Fax: +051-513-6754
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Lee JY, Lee HS, Kang NW, Lee SY, Kim DH, Kim S, Yoon IS, Cho HJ, Kim DD. Blood component ridable and CD44 receptor targetable nanoparticles based on a maleimide-functionalized chondroitin sulfate derivative. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 230:115568. [PMID: 31887874 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate A-deoxycholic acid-polyethylene glycol-maleimide (CSA-DOCA-PEG-MAL; CDPM) nanostructures were designed for the transient binding of MAL with thiol in blood components and cell membranes, in addition to the CD44 receptor targeting, for the therapy of breast cancer. The spontaneous binding of free thiol groups in plasma proteins and blood cells with the MAL group of CDPM was significantly higher than that of CSA-DOCA-PEG (CDP). Enhanced cellular uptake and the in vitro antiproliferation efficacy of docetaxel (D)-loaded CDPM (CDPM/D) nanoparticles (NPs) in MCF-7 cells indicated dual-targeting effects based on MAL-thiol reactions and CSA-CD44 receptor interactions. Following intravenous injection in rats, reduced clearance and an elevated half-life of the drug was observed in the CDPM/D NPs compared to the CDP/D NPs. Taken together, MAL modification of CDP NPs could be a promising approach not only to enhance tumor targeting and penetration but also to extend the blood circulation time of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sol Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Nae-Won Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Song SY, Park DH, Seo SW, Park KM, Bae CS, Son HS, Kim HG, Lee JH, Yoon G, Shim JH, Im E, Rhee SH, Yoon IS, Cho SS. Effects of Harvest Time on Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Panax ginseng Berry Extracts. Molecules 2019; 24:E3343. [PMID: 31540334 PMCID: PMC6766869 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng) has long been used as a traditional medicine for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Generally, the harvest time and age of ginseng have been regarded as important factors determining the efficacy of ginseng. However, most studies have mainly focused on the root of ginseng, while studies on other parts of ginseng such as its berry have been relatively limited. Thus, the aim of this study iss to determine effects of harvest time on yields, phenolics/ginsenosides contents, and the antioxidant/anti-elastase activities of ethanol extracts of three- and four-year-old ginseng berry. In both three- and fourfour-year-old ginseng berry extracts, antioxidant and anti-elastase activities tended to increase as berries ripen from the first week to the last week of July. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis has revealed that contents of ginsenosides except Rg1 tend to be the highest in fourfour-year-old ginseng berries harvested in early July. These results indicate that biological activities and ginsenoside profiles of ginseng berry extracts depend on their age and harvest time in July, suggesting the importance of harvest time in the development of functional foods and medicinal products containing ginseng berry extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the influence of harvest time on the biological activity and ginsenoside contents of ginseng berry extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yeap Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- Department of Nursing, Dongshin University, Jeonnam 58245, Korea.
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Kyung-Mok Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dongshin University, Jeonnam 58245, Korea.
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Hong-Seok Son
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Jeonnam 58245, Korea.
| | - Hyung-Gyun Kim
- Department of Research Planning, Mokpo Marine Food-industry Research Center, Jeonnam 58621, Korea.
| | - Jung-Hee Lee
- Department of Research Planning, Mokpo Marine Food-industry Research Center, Jeonnam 58621, Korea.
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Eunok Im
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Sang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
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Oh HN, Park DH, Park JY, Song SY, Lee SH, Yoon G, Moon HS, Oh DS, Rhee SH, Im EO, Yoon IS, Shim JH, Cho SS. Tyrosinase Inhibition Antioxidant Effect and Cytotoxicity Studies of the Extracts of Cudrania tricuspidata Fruit Standardized in Chlorogenic Acid. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183266. [PMID: 31500323 PMCID: PMC6767289 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, various extracts of C. tricuspidata fruit were prepared with varying ethanol contents and evaluated for their biomarker and biological properties. The 80% ethanolic extract showed the best tyrosinase inhibitory activity, while the 100% ethanolic extract showed the best total phenolics and flavonoids contents. The HPLC method was applied to analyze the chlorogenic acid in C. tricuspidata fruit extracts. The results suggest that the observed antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of C. tricuspidata fruit extract could partially be attributed to the presence of marker compounds in the extract. In this study, we present an analytical method for standardization and optimization of C. tricuspidata fruit preparations. Further investigations are warranted to confirm the in vivo pharmacological activity of C. tricuspidata fruit extract and its active constituents and assess the safe use of the plant for the potential development of the extract as a skin depigmentation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Na Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- Department of Nursing, Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeonnam 58245, Korea.
| | - Ji-Yeon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Seung-Yub Song
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Goo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Hong-Seop Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Deuk-Sil Oh
- Jeollanam-do Forest Resource Research Institute, Naju, Jeonnam 58213, South Korea.
| | - Sang-Hoon Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.
| | - Eun-Ok Im
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
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Kim W, Kim S, Ju S, Lee H, Jeong S, Yoo JW, Yoon IS, Jung Y. Colon-Targeted Delivery Facilitates the Therapeutic Switching of Sofalcone, a Gastroprotective Agent, to an Anticolitic Drug via Nrf2 Activation. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4007-4016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wooseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ju
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanju Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkeun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Ha ES, Han DG, Seo SW, Kim JM, Lee SK, Sim WY, Yoon IS, Kim MS. A Simple HPLC Method for the Quantitative Determination of Silybin in Rat Plasma: Application to a Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study on Commercial Silymarin Products. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112180. [PMID: 31185663 PMCID: PMC6600178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Silybin (SBN) is a major active constituent of silymarin, a mixture of flavonoids found in fruits and seeds of milk thistle. The aim of this study was to describe a simple bioanalytical method for quantifying SBN in rat plasma. A simple protein deproteinization procedure with acetonitrile (ACN) was employed for plasma sample preparation. A reversed column and gradient elution of a mobile phase (mixture of phosphate buffer (pH 5.0) and ACN) were used for chromatographic separation. The selectivity, linearity (50–5000 ng/mL), precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability for this method were validated as per the current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. Our method for SBN was applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study on four different commercial silymarin products. This in vivo rat study demonstrated that product #4 significantly enhanced the relative oral bioavailability of SBN, as compared to product #1–3. Therefore, the bioanalytical method proposed herein could serve as a promising alternative for preclinical pharmacokinetic studies on silymarin products and, by extension, clinical use after partial modification and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sol Ha
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Ji-Min Kim
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Seon-Kwang Lee
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Woo-Yong Sim
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
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Abstract
Lobetyolin (LBT), a general marker compound mainly found in Codonopsis plants including C. pilosula, C. tubulosa, and C. lanceolata, exhibits antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, mucosal protective, and antioxidant activities. Xanthine oxidase (XO) catalyzes the formation of uric acid from xanthine, a critical metabolic pathway related to hyperuricemia and gout. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LBT on XO activity and its mechanism using in vitro enzyme assay system and in vivo potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice. LBT was found to weakly inhibit XO activity via a mixed type mechanism. Consistently, the impact of 1-week oral LBT treatment on serum XO activity in vivo is limited in hyperuricemic mice. However, oral LBT at 50 mg/kg significantly reduced hepatic XO activity in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report effects of LBT on XO activity and its inhibition mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, South Korea
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35
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Han DG, Yun H, Yoon IS. A novel high-performance liquid chromatographic method combined with fluorescence detection for determination of ertugliflozin in rat plasma: Assessment of pharmacokinetic drug interaction potential of ertugliflozin with mefenamic acid and ketoconazole. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1122-1123:49-57. [PMID: 31153131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ertugliflozin (ERTU) is a novel, potent, and highly selective sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor that has been recently approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We describe a novel bioanalytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with fluorescence detection for quantitative determination of ERTU in rat plasma. Acetonitrile-based protein precipitation method was used for sample preparation, and chromatographic separation was performed on a Kinetex® C18 column with an isocratic mobile phase comprising acetonitrile and 10 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.0). The eluent was monitored by a fluorescence detector at an optimized excitation/emission wavelength pair of 277/320 nm. The method was validated to demonstrate the selectivity, linearity (ranging from 4 to 2000 ng/mL), precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability in line with the current FDA guidelines. The newly developed method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetic interactions of ERTU with mefenamic acid (MEF) and ketoconazole (KET). The findings of the present study revealed that the pharmacokinetics of ERTU may be altered by concurrent administration of MEF and KET in rats. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to develop a validated bioanalytical method for quantification of ERTU using HPLC coupled with fluorescence detection and to assess the drug interaction potential of ERTU with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (MEF) and azole antifungal (KET) drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
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Kim SB, Kim KS, Kim DD, Yoon IS. Metabolic interactions of rosmarinic acid with human cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 110:111-117. [PMID: 30466000 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In light of the widespread use of herbal medicines containing rosmarinic acid (RA) and limited literature available thereon, we investigated the metabolic interactions of RA with human cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). The involvement of selected enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP3 A4, UGT1A1, UGT1A6, and UGT2B7) in the metabolism of RA and the inhibitory effect of RA on the enzyme activity were comprehensively evaluated using human recombinant isozyme system. Additionally, concentration-dependent RA metabolism mediated by phase I enzymes (including CYPs) or UGT was investigated in human liver microsome (HLM) system. A significant disappearance of RA was observed in the seven CYP and UGT isoforms studied, indicating their possible involvement in the metabolism of RA. Based on Michaelis-Menten kinetics, the metabolism study using HLM suggests that the UGT system may have a higher capacity and lower affinity for the metabolism of RA than phase I enzyme (including CYP) systems. Moreover, RA weakly inhibited CYP2C9 and 2E1 activities with IC50 values of 39.6 and 61.0 μM, respectively, while moderately inhibiting UGT1A1, 1A6, and 2B7 with IC50 values of 9.24, 19.1, and 23.4 μM, respectively. By constructing Line weaver-Burk plots, the type of inhibition exhibited by RA on CYP and UGT activities was determined as follows: CYP2C19, mixed inhibition; CYP2E1, UGT1A1, UGT1A6, and UGT2B7, competitive inhibition. Based on the comparison of the IC50 and Ki values obtained in the current study with the previously reported plasma concentrations of RA after oral dosing in humans, it is suggested that RA may significantly inhibit the activities of the tested UGTs, rather than CYPs, in clinical settings. Thus, the present study could provide a basis for further studies on clinically significant interactions between UGT substrate drugs and herbal medicines containing RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Bum Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
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Maeng HJ, Doan TNK, Yoon IS. Differential regulation of intestinal and hepatic CYP3A by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 : Effects on in vivo oral absorption and disposition of buspirone in rats. Drug Dev Res 2018; 80:333-342. [PMID: 30537097 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (also called 1,25(OH)2 D3 or calcitriol) is the biologically active form of vitamin D, which functions as a ligand to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). It was previously reported that intestinal cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) expression was altered by 1,25(OH)2 D3 -mediated VDR activation. However, to clarify whether the change in CYP3A subfamily expression by VDR activation can affect metabolic function, further evidence is needed to prove the effect of 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment on CYP3A-mediated drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Here, we report the effects of 1,25(OH)2 D3 on CYP3A activity and in vivo pharmacokinetics of buspirone in Sprague-Dawley rats. CYP3A mRNA expression and CYP3A-mediated testosterone metabolism were enhanced in the intestine but were unaffected in the livers of rats treated with 1,25(OH)2 D3 . Notably, the oral pharmacokinetic profile of buspirone (CYP3A substrate drug) and 6'-hydroxybuspirone (major active metabolite of buspirone formed via CYP3A-mediated metabolism) was significantly altered, while its intravenous pharmacokinetic profile was not affected by 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first reported data regarding the effects of 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment on the in vivo pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral buspirone in rats, by the differential modulation of hepatic and intestinal CYP3A activity. Our present results could lead to further studies in clinically significant CYP3A-mediated drug-nutrient interactions with 1,25(OH)2 D3 , including 1,25(OH)2 D3 -buspirone interaction. Preclinical Research & Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Joo Maeng
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | | | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Kim KT, Kim MH, Park JH, Lee JY, Cho HJ, Yoon IS, Kim DD. Microemulsion-based hydrogels for enhancing epidermal/dermal deposition of topically administered 20( S)-protopanaxadiol: in vitro and in vivo evaluation studies. J Ginseng Res 2018; 42:512-523. [PMID: 30337812 PMCID: PMC6190503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (20S-PPD) is a fully deglycosylated ginsenoside metabolite and has potent dermal antiaging activity. However, because of its low aqueous solubility and large molecular size, a suitable formulation strategy is required to improve its solubility and skin permeability, thereby enhancing its skin deposition. Thus, we optimized microemulsion (ME)-based hydrogel (MEH) formulations for the topical delivery of 20S-PPD. METHODS MEs and MEHs were formulated and evaluated for their particle size distribution, morphology, drug loading capacity, and stability. Then, the deposition profiles of the selected 20S-PPD-loaded MEH formulation were studied using a hairless mouse skin model and Strat-M membrane as an artificial skin model. RESULTS A Carbopol-based MEH system of 20S-PPD was successfully prepared with a mean droplet size of 110 nm and narrow size distribution. The formulation was stable for 56 d, and its viscosity was high enough for its topical application. It significantly enhanced the in vitro and in vivo skin deposition of 20S-PPD with no influence on its systemic absorption in hairless mice. Notably, it was found that the Strat-M membrane provided skin deposition data well correlated to those obtained from the in vitro and in vivo mouse skin studies on 20S-PPD (correlation coefficient r 2 = 0.929‒0.947). CONCLUSION The MEH formulation developed in this study could serve as an effective topical delivery system for poorly soluble ginsenosides and their deglycosylated metabolites, including 20S-PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Taek Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hwan Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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39
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Kim SB, Kim KS, Ryu HM, Hong SH, Kim BK, Kim DD, Park JW, Yoon IS. Modulation of Rat Hepatic CYP1A and 2C Activity by Honokiol and Magnolol: Differential Effects on Phenacetin and Diclofenac Pharmacokinetics In Vivo. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061470. [PMID: 29914211 PMCID: PMC6100004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Honokiol (2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enyl-phenyl)-4-prop-2-enyl-phenol) and magnolol (4-Allyl-2-(5-allyl-2-hydroxy-phenyl)phenol) are the major active polyphenol constituents of Magnolia officinalis (Magnoliaceae) bark, which has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (Houpu Tang) for the treatment of various diseases, including anxiety, stress, gastrointestinal disorders, infection, and asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct effects of honokiol and magnolol on hepatic CYP1A and 2C-mediated metabolism in vitro using rat liver microsomes and in vivo using the Sprague-Dawley rat model. Honokiol and magnolol inhibited in vitro CYP1A activity (probe substrate: phenacetin) more potently than CYP2C activity (probe substrate: diclofenac): The mean IC50 values of honokiol for the metabolism of phenacetin and diclofenac were 8.59 μM and 44.7 μM, while those of magnolol were 19.0 μM and 47.3 μM, respectively. Notably, the systemic exposure (AUC and Cmax) of phenacetin, but not of diclofenac, was markedly enhanced by the concurrent administration of intravenous honokiol or magnolol. The differential effects of the two phytochemicals on phenacetin and diclofenac in vivo pharmacokinetics could at least be partly attributed to their lower IC50 values for the inhibition of phenacetin metabolism than for diclofenac metabolism. In addition, the systemic exposure, CL, and Vss of honokiol and magnolol tended to be similar between the rat groups receiving phenacetin and diclofenac. These findings improve our understanding of CYP-mediated drug interactions with M. officinalis and its active constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Bum Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu‒Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Kyu-Sang Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Heon-Min Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Seong-Ho Hong
- Biomedicine Lab, CKD Research Institute, Gyeonggi 16995, Korea.
| | - Bo-Kyoung Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu‒Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
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40
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Choi CY, Cho SS, Yoon IS. Hot-water extract of the branches of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Rhamnaceae) ameliorates low-fiber diet-induced constipation in rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:695-703. [PMID: 29662302 PMCID: PMC5892967 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s150284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (Rhamnaceae), also known as oriental raisin tree, is used in traditional herbal medicine. Its extracts have been reported to show various pharmacological effects such as hepatoprotection, antitumor, antiatopic dermatitis, antilipid peroxidation, anti-steatotic, anti-inflammatory, and antiallergic activities. However, there have been no reports on the effect of H. dulcis extracts in relieving constipation so far. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a hot-water extract of the branches of H. dulcis (WEHD) on low-fiber diet-induced constipation in Sprague Dawley rats. The in vivo laxative activity of WEHD was assessed by measuring the intestinal transit of charcoal meal and stool parameters. Furthermore, the in vitro spasmogenic activity of WEHD was evaluated by monitoring the temporal profiles of contraction of rat colon in the absence or presence of WEHD. In addition, constituent profiling was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Pretreatment with WEHD significantly enhanced the intestinal transit of charcoal meal and increased the frequency and weight of stools in rats. In addition, the frequency and amplitude of contractile responses of isolated rat colon were markedly enhanced by WEHD. Two organic phenolic acids, ferulic and vanillic acids, were identified in WEHD, of which vanillic acid exhibited spasmogenic activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the laxative and spasmogenic activities of H. dulcis and its constituents, suggesting that WEHD can serve as a complementary and/or alternative laxative in alleviating chronic constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Yung Choi
- Department of Natural Medicine Research, Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, South Korea
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Kim KT, Lee J, Kim MH, Park JH, Lee JY, Song JH, Jung M, Jang MH, Cho HJ, Yoon IS, Kim DD. Novel reverse electrodialysis-driven iontophoretic system for topical and transdermal delivery of poorly permeable therapeutic agents. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:1204-1215. [PMID: 28844174 PMCID: PMC8241169 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1367975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical and transdermal drug delivery has great potential in non-invasive and non-oral administration of poorly bioavailable therapeutic agents. However, due to the barrier function of the stratum corneum, the drugs that can be clinically feasible candidates for topical and transdermal delivery have been limited to small-sized lipophilic molecules. Previously, we fabricated a novel iontophoretic system using reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology (RED system). However, no study has demonstrated its utility in topical and/or transdermal delivery of poorly permeable therapeutic agents. In this study, we report the topical delivery of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)–hyaluronic acid (FITC–HA) and vitamin C and the transdermal delivery of lopinavir using our newly developed RED system in the in vitro hairless mouse skin and in vivo Sprague–Dawley rat models. The RED system significantly enhanced the efficiency of topical HA and vitamin C and transdermal lopinavir delivery. Moreover, the efficiency and safety of transdermal delivery using the RED system were comparable with those of a commercial ketoprofen patch formulation. Thus, the RED system can be a potential topical and transdermal delivery system for various poorly bioavailable pharmaceuticals including HA, vitamin C, and lopinavir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Taek Kim
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Lee
- b Biosensor Laboratories Inc , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea.,c School of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hwan Kim
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hwan Park
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lee
- d College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Song
- b Biosensor Laboratories Inc , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoong Jung
- b Biosensor Laboratories Inc , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Hoon Jang
- b Biosensor Laboratories Inc , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- e College of Pharmacy , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- f College of Pharmacy , Pusan National University , Geumjeong-gu, Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Song SH, Ki SH, Park DH, Moon HS, Lee CD, Yoon IS, Cho SS. Quantitative Analysis, Extraction Optimization, and Biological Evaluation of Cudrania tricuspidata Leaf and Fruit Extracts. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091489. [PMID: 28880226 PMCID: PMC6151595 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau (Moraceae) shows numerous pharmacological effects and has been used in traditional herbal remedies for inflammation, gastritis, tumors, and liver diseases. However, no validated analytical method for the standardization and optimization of the biological properties of C. tricuspidata preparations has been reported. We developed and validated a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the separation and quantification of active markers. Ethanolic extracts of C. tricuspidata leaves were prepared and evaluated for chemical profiles and biological activities. The 80% ethanolic extract demonstrated the greatest antioxidant activity and phenolic content, while the 100% ethanolic extract had the greatest total flavonoid content and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. The validated HPLC method confirmed that chlorogenic acid, rutin, and kaempferol were present in C. tricuspidata leaf extracts. We postulated that the antioxidant and anti-hyperuricemic/gout effects of C. tricuspidata extract could be attributed to these marker compounds. Our results suggested that the flavonoid-rich fraction of the leaf extract may be utilized for the treatment and prevention of hyperuricemia-related diseases, and the validated method and marker compounds could be applied for the quality control of C. tricuspidata preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hui Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Sung Hwan Ki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- Department of Nursing, Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeonnam 58245, Korea.
| | - Hong-Seop Moon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Chang-Dai Lee
- Department of Business Administration, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
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Lee SY, Lee JJ, Nam S, Kang WS, Yoon IS, Cho HJ. Fabrication of polymer matrix-free nanocomposites based on Angelica gigas Nakai extract and their application to breast cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 159:781-790. [PMID: 28886514 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanocomposites (NCs) based on the ethanol extract of Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN EtOH ext) were developed for breast cancer therapy. Polymer matrix-free nano-sized particles based on the extract of natural product were fabricated using a modified emulsification-solvent evaporation method. Without the use of polymer matrix, toxicity can be minimized and the clinical application may be assured. AGN NCs with approximately 200nm mean diameter, narrow size distribution, and negative zeta potential were prepared in this study. Sustained release of decursin (D) and decursinol angelate (DA) (as major components of AGN) from AGN NCs was observed at pH 7.4. Cellular accumulation efficiency and intracellular distribution of AGN NCs were evaluated in MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cells. According to the results of antiproliferation assay in MCF-7 cells, IC50 value of AGN NCs group (27.4±4.0μg/mL) was lower than that of AGN EtOH ext group (75.3±13.7μg/mL) (p<0.05). Also, the percentage of apoptotic events of AGN NCs group was significantly higher than that of AGN EtOH ext group (p<0.05). All these findings suggest that developed AGN NCs can be used as one of promising nanosystems for the therapy of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeong Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Wie-Soo Kang
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Park JW, Hwang SR, Yoon IS. Advanced Growth Factor Delivery Systems in Wound Management and Skin Regeneration. Molecules 2017; 22:E1259. [PMID: 28749427 PMCID: PMC6152378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factors are endogenous signaling molecules that regulate cellular responses required for wound healing processes such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation. However, exogenous application of growth factors has limited effectiveness in clinical settings due to their low in vivo stability, restricted absorption through skin around wound lesions, elimination by exudation prior to reaching the wound area, and other unwanted side effects. Sophisticated systems to control the spatio-temporal delivery of growth factors are required for the effective and safe use of growth factors as regenerative treatments in clinical practice, such as biomaterial-based drug delivery systems (DDSs). The current review describes the roles of growth factors in wound healing, their clinical applications for the treatment of chronic wounds, and advances in growth factor-loaded DDSs for enhanced wound healing, focusing on micro- and nano-particulate systems, scaffolds, hydrogels, and other miscellaneous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea.
| | - Seung Rim Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea.
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Choi JU, Lee SW, Pangeni R, Byun Y, Yoon IS, Park JW. Preparation and in vivo evaluation of cationic elastic liposomes comprising highly skin-permeable growth factors combined with hyaluronic acid for enhanced diabetic wound-healing therapy. Acta Biomater 2017; 57:197-215. [PMID: 28476587 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To enhance the therapeutic effects of exogenous administration of growth factors (GFs) in the treatment of chronic wounds, we constructed GF combinations of highly skin-permeable epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and platelet-derived growth factor-A (PDGF-A). We genetically conjugated a low-molecular-weight protamine (LMWP) to the N-termini of these GFs to form LMWP-EGF, LMWP-IGF-I, and LMWP-PDGF-A. Subsequently, these molecules were complexed with hyaluronic acid (HA). Combinations of native or LMWP-fused GFs significantly promoted fibroblast proliferation and the synthesis of procollagen, with a magnification of these results observed after the GFs were complexed with HA. The optimal proportions of LMWP-EGF, LMWP-IGF-I, LMWP-PDGF-A, and HA were 1, 1, 0.02, and 200, respectively. After confirming the presence of a synergistic effect, we incorporated the LMWP-fused GFs-HA complex into cationic elastic liposomes (ELs) of 107±0.757nm in diameter and a zeta potential of 56.5±1.13mV. The LMWP-fused GFs had significantly improved skin permeation compared with native GFs. The in vitro wound recovery rate of the LMWP-fused GFs-HA complex was 23% higher than that of cationic ELs composed of LMWP-fused GFs alone. Moreover, the cationic ELs containing the LMWP-fused GFs-HA complex significantly accelerated the wound closure rate in a diabetic mouse model and the wound size was maximally decreased by 65% and 58% compared to cationic ELs loaded with vehicle or native GFs-HA complex, respectively. Thus, topical treatment with cationic ELs loaded with the LMWP-fused GFs-HA complex synergistically enhanced the healing of chronic wounds, exerting both rapid and prolonged effects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature, because it demonstrated the potential application of cationic elastic liposomes as topical delivery systems for growth factors (GFs) that have certain limitations in their therapeutic effects (e.g., low percutaneous absorption of GFs at the lesion site and the requirement for various GFs at different healing stages). Topical treatment with cationic elastic liposomes loaded with highly skin-permeable low-molecular-weight protamine (LMWP)-fused GFs-hyaluronic acid (HA) complex synergistically enhanced the healing of diabetic wounds, exerting both rapid and prolonged effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Uk Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Wook Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Rudra Pangeni
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Woo Park
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
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Yoon IS, Park DH, Kim JE, Yoo JC, Bae MS, Oh DS, Shim JH, Choi CY, An KW, Kim EI, Kim GY, Cho SS. Identification of the biologically active constituents of Camellia japonica leaf and anti-hyperuricemic effect in vitro and in vivo. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1613-1620. [PMID: 28487949 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia japonica L. is a plant of which the seeds are used as a folk medicine, and it is native to South Korea, Japan and China. In previous study, triterpenes, flavonoids, tannins and fatty acids which have antiviral, antioxidant and anti inflammatory activity were reported from C. japonica leaf and flower. In Korea, the seed from this plant is used as a traditional medicine and in folk remedies for the treatment of bleeding and inflammation. However, the major issue associated with the use of the seed as a medicinal and/or functional food ingredient is its application to the pharmaceutical and food industry. First, the productivity of seed extract is very much less than that of the leaf. Second, the beneficial usage of the seed extract as an alternative medicine and functional source is not yet clear. Thus, in this study, we focused on another part of the plant, the leaf, and found that the extract of Camellia japonica leaf has a high concentration of vitamin E, rutin and other biologically active compounds related to hyperuricemia. We aimed to investigate the biological activities, namely the antioxidant activities, xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and anti‑hyperuricemic effects of extract from C. japonica leaf and the phytochemicals contained therein. Ethanol extracts of C. japonica leaf (ECJL) were prepared, and the extract was used with respect to antioxidant activities, total phenolic contents and XO inhibitory activity. The in vivo XO inhibitory activity and anti‑hyperuricemic effects of the extract were evaluated in mice with potassium oxonate‑induced hyperuricemia. To clarify the marker compounds that are responsible for the anti‑hyperuricemic effects, several key constituents were identified using gas chromatography‑mass spectrometry (GC‑MS) and and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). ECJL was found to have strong antioxidant activities, and in vitro XO inhibitory activity. The results of the in vivo experiments using mice demonstrated that ECJL at the doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg inhibited hepatic XO activity and significantly attenuated hyperuricemia. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first report on the XO inhibitory and anti-hyperuricemic effects of ECJL, which can be therapeutically applied in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- Department of Oriental Medicine Materials, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Yoo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Bae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Deuk-Sil Oh
- Jeollanamdo Wando Arboretum, Wando, Jeonnam 59105, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Yung Choi
- Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung, Jeonnam 59338, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Wan An
- Division of Forest Resources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Il Kim
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Gye-Yeop Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea
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Park DE, Yoon IS, Kim JE, Seo JH, Yoo JC, Bae CS, Lee CD, Park DH, Cho SS. Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ethanol Extract of Corylopsis coreana Uyeki Flos. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:286-292. [PMID: 28539723 PMCID: PMC5421428 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.204554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Corylopsis coreana Uyeki (Hamamelidaceae) is a medicinal plant cultivated in Northeast Asia. Previously, we have reported that an ethanol extract of Corylopsis coreana Uyeki flos (ECCF) contains four active compounds with antioxidant activity. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial spectrum against infectious bacteria and anti-inflammatory effect of ECCF in a mouse model of acute local inflammation. Materials and Methods: In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated using standard plate assay technique. Antimicrobial activities (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC; μg/mL) were determined with the serial dilution method. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity was studied using a mouse model of carrageenan-induced air pouch inflammation. Results: The ECCF showed antimicrobial activities against general bacteria and drug-resistant bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Mycrobacterium smegmatis ATCC 9341, Mycrobacterium smegmatis ATCC 9341, Salmonella typhimrium KCTC 1925, and nine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, with MIC values ranging from 250 to 1000 μg/mL. In in vivo mouse model, inflammatory morphologic changes observed in the air pouch membrane were restored to its normal condition by the ECCF treatment. Moreover, the ECCF significantly reduced exudate volumes, protein contents, inflammatory cell counts, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the exudates recovered from air pouches of the mouse model. Flavonoids in the ECCF were found to contain bergenin, quercitrin, and quercetin with reported anti-inflammatory activity via suppressing tumor necrosis factor-α production. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of ECCF. Our results suggest that the ECCF might potentially serve as an alternative or complementary medicine for treating inflammatory diseases caused by microbial infection. SUMMARY ECCF showed antimicrobial activity against infectious bacteria and multidrug-resistant strains. ECCF exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in a carrageenan-induced air pouch mouse model. ECCF contained several active constituents such as bergenin, quercitrin, and quercetin.
Abbreviations used:Corylopsis coreana CCF: Uyeki flos, ECCF: ethanol extract of CCF
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Eon Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Seo
- Department of Oriental Medicine Materials, Dongshin University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Yoo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Dai Lee
- Department of Business Administration, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- Department of Oriental Medicine Materials, Dongshin University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
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Kim KT, Lee JY, Park JH, Cho HJ, Yoon IS, Kim DD. Capmul MCM/Solutol HS15-Based Microemulsion for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of Rebamipide. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2017; 17:2340-2344. [PMID: 29641159 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2017.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rebamipide (RBP) is a potent anti-ulcer and anti-oxidative agent, which is a BCS class IV drug with a low oral bioavailability of less than 10%. Thus, the systemic absorption of RBP into the blood circulation is an essential prerequisite for exerting its pharmacological activities after oral dosing. Herein, we report on microemulsion (ME) systems for the enhancement of oral RBP bioavailability. In this study, MEs consisting of Capmul MCM (oil), Solutol HS15 (surfactant), and ethanol (co-surfactant) were prepared by the construction of pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The RBP-loaded MEs had spherical nano-sized droplets with narrow size distribution and neutral zeta potential. Moreover, the prepared MEs significantly enhanced the dissolution and oral bioavailability of RBP with no discernible intestinal toxicity. These results suggest that the present ME system could be further developed as an alternative oral formulation for RBP.
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Cho HJ, Termsarasab U, Lee SY, Maeng HJ, Kim DD, Yoon IS. Development of Polyethylene Glycol-Conjugated Chitosan Oligosaccharide Derivative-Stabilized Gold Nanoassemblies. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2017; 17:2370-2373. [PMID: 29641167 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2017.13319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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50
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Lee JY, Kim SB, Chun J, Song KH, Kim YS, Chung SJ, Cho HJ, Yoon IS, Kim DD. High body clearance and low oral bioavailability of alantolactone, isolated from Inula helenium, in rats: extensive hepatic metabolism and low stability in gastrointestinal fluids. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2017; 37:156-67. [PMID: 26861967 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alantolactone (ALA) is a major bioactive sesquiterpene lactone present in the roots of Inula helenium L. (Asteraceae) which has been used widely in traditional medicine against various diseases such as asthma, cancer and tuberculosis. The pharmacologic activities of alantolactone have been well characterized, yet information on the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of alantolactone and their mechanistic elucidation are still limited. Thus, this study aims to investigate the oral absorption and disposition of alantolactone and their relevant mechanisms. Log P values of alantolactone ranged from 1.52 to 1.84, and alantolactone was unstable in biological samples such as plasma, urine, bile, rat liver microsomes (RLM) and simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The metabolic rate of alantolactone was markedly higher in rat liver homogenates than in the other tissue homogenates. A saturable and concentration-dependent metabolic rate profile of alantolactone was observed in RLM, and rat cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1 A, 2C, 2D and 3 A subfamilies were significantly involved in its hepatic metabolism. Based on the well-stirred model, the hepatic extraction ratio (HER) was estimated to be 0.890-0.933, classifying alantolactone as a drug with high HER. Moreover, high total body clearance (111 ± 41 ml/min/kg) and low oral bioavailability (0.323%) of alantolactone were observed in rats. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that the extensive hepatic metabolism, at least partially mediated by CYP, is primarily responsible for the high total body clearance of alantolactone, and that the low oral bioavailability of alantolactone could be attributed to its low stability in gastrointestinal fluids and a hepatic first-pass effect in rats. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bum Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ho Song
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Jae Chung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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