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Lee SE, Park S, Yi S, Choi NR, Lim MA, Chang JW, Won HR, Kim JR, Ko HM, Chung EJ, Park YJ, Cho SW, Yu HW, Choi JY, Yeo MK, Yi B, Yi K, Lim J, Koh JY, Lee MJ, Heo JY, Yoon SJ, Kwon SW, Park JL, Chu IS, Kim JM, Kim SY, Shan Y, Liu L, Hong SA, Choi DW, Park JO, Ju YS, Shong M, Kim SK, Koo BS, Kang YE. Unraveling the role of the mitochondrial one-carbon pathway in undifferentiated thyroid cancer by multi-omics analyses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1163. [PMID: 38331894 PMCID: PMC10853200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the serine/glycine metabolic pathway (SGP) has recently been demonstrated in tumors; however, the pathological relevance of the SGP in thyroid cancer remains unexplored. Here, we perform metabolomic profiling of 17 tumor-normal pairs; bulk transcriptomics of 263 normal thyroid, 348 papillary, and 21 undifferentiated thyroid cancer samples; and single-cell transcriptomes from 15 cases, showing the impact of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism in thyroid tumors. High expression of serine hydroxymethyltransferase-2 (SHMT2) and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) is associated with low thyroid differentiation scores and poor clinical features. A subpopulation of tumor cells with high mitochondrial one-carbon pathway activity is observed in the single-cell dataset. SHMT2 inhibition significantly compromises mitochondrial respiration and decreases cell proliferation and tumor size in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our results highlight the importance of the mitochondrial one-carbon pathway in undifferentiated thyroid cancer and suggest that SHMT2 is a potent therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongyeol Park
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shinae Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Choi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Mi Ko
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Won Yu
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - June Young Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Yi
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijong Yi
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonoh Lim
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Koh
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyul Park
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sun Chu
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Deajeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Deajeon, Republic of Korea
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujuan Shan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Sung-A Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung O Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Young Seok Ju
- GENOME INSIGHT TECHNOLOGY Inc, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Deajeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Won HR, Jeon E, Heo DB, Chang JW, Shong M, Kim JR, Ko H, Kang YE, Yi HS, Lee JH, Joung KH, Kim JM, Lee Y, Kim SW, Jeong YJ, Ji YB, Tae K, Koo BS. Age-Dependent Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with T1b Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Implications for the Possibility of Active Surveillance. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:2246-2253. [PMID: 36581723 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-13011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active surveillance (AS) of low-risk T1a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is generally accepted as an alternative to immediate surgery. The cut-off in the size criterion for AS has recently been extended in select individuals, especially older patients. We evaluated the clinicopathological differences of T1b PTC according to age to investigate the possibility of AS in older patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS From a cohort study of 1269 patients undergoing lobectomy for PTC, 1223 PTC patients with T1 stage disease (tumor ≤ 2 cm) were enrolled. The clinicopathological characteristics between T1a and T1b patients according to age were analyzed. RESULTS Among the 1223 T1 cases, 918 (75.1%) were T1a (≤ 1 cm) and 305 (34.9%) T1b (> 1 and ≤ 2 cm). T1b PTC was associated with male sex, minimal extrathyroidal extension, lymphovascular invasion, occult central lymph node (LN) metastasis, and a higher number of metastatic LNs than T1a. However, in patients over 55 years of age, the clinicopathological features of the patients with T1a and T1b PTC were not significantly different except for minimal extrathyroidal extension, although many clinicopathological differences were observed in patients under 55 years of age. CONCLUSION The clinicopathological features of patients with T1b PTC over 55 years of age are similar to those with T1a PTC and less aggressive than those with T1b PTC under 55 years of age. These findings suggest that AS may be possible in patients with T1b PTC over 55 years of age without high-risk features on preoperative examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Eonju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Beom Heo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Ko
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Younju Lee
- Departments of Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Jeong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bae Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Won HR, Jeon E, Heo DB, Chang JW, Shong M, Kim JR, Ko H, Kang YE, Yi HS, Lee JH, Joung KH, Kim JM, Lee Y, Kim SW, Jeong YJ, Ji YB, Tae K, Koo BS. ASO Author Reflections: Active Surveillance may be Possible in Patients with T1b Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Over 55 Years of Age Without High-Risk Features on Preoperative Examinations. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:2254-2255. [PMID: 36629990 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-13047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Eonju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Beom Heo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Ko
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Younju Lee
- Departments of Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Jeong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bae Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Lee YJ, Kim Y, Choi BB, Kim JR, Ko HM, Suh KH, Lee JS. The blood level of thioredoxin 1 as a supporting biomarker in the detection of breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:12. [PMID: 34979986 PMCID: PMC8722095 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a long-time unmet need for a means to detect breast cancer (BC) using blood. Although mammography is accepted as the gold standard for screening, a blood-based diagnostic can complement mammography and assist in the accurate detection of BC in the diagnostic process period of early diagnosis. We have previously reported the possible use of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) in serum as a novel means to detect BC. In the present study, we validated the clinical utility of Trx1 to identify BC by testing sera from biopsy-confirmed cancer patients and women without cancer. METHODS We have generated monoclonal antibodies against Trx1 and developed an ELISA kit that can quantitate Trx1 in sera. The level of Trx1 was determined in each serum from women without cancer (n = 114), as well as in serum from patients with BC (n = 106) and other types of cancers (n = 74), including cervical, lung, stomach, colorectal, and thyroid cancer. The sera from BC patients were collected and classified by the subjects' age and cancer stage. In addition to the Trx1 levels of BC patients, several pathological and molecular aspects of BC were analyzed. Test results were retrospectively compared to those from mammography. Each test was duplicated, and test results were analyzed by ROC analysis, one-way ANOVA tests, and unpaired t-tests. RESULTS The mean level of Trx1 from women without cancer was 5.45 ± 4.16 (±SD) ng/ml, that of the other malignant cancer patient group was 2.70 ± 2.01 ng/ml, and that from the BC group was 21.96 ± 6.79 ng/ml. The difference among these values was large enough to distinguish BC sera from non-BC control sera with a sensitivity of 97.17% and specificity of 94.15% (AUC 0.990, p < 0.0001). Most Trx1 levels from BC patients' sera were higher than the cut-off value of 11.4 ng/ml regardless of age, stage, histological grade, type, and specific receptors' expression profile of BC. The level of Trx1 could rescue women from most cases of misread or incomplete mammography diagnoses. CONCLUSION These results indicated that the blood level of Trx1 could be an effective and accurate means to assist the detection of BC during the early diagnosis period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, 20, Bodeum 7-ro, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Young Kim
- E&S Healthcare, 11-3, Techno 1-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsan-no, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Bae Choi
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hye Mi Ko
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Hoon Suh
- E&S Healthcare, 11-3, Techno 1-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Pai Chai University, 11-3, Techno 1-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Hwang HS, Park IY, Hong JI, Kim JR, Kim HA. Comparison of joint degeneration and pain in male and female mice in DMM model of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:728-738. [PMID: 33609695 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While the prevalence of radiographic and symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) is higher in women, male mice are more frequently used in animal experiments to explore its pathogenesis or drug efficacy. In this study, we examined whether sexual dimorphism affects pain and joint degeneration in destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model. METHODS DMM or sham surgery was performed on the knee of male and female C57BL/6 mice. Joint damage was assessed by safranin O staining and scored using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system. Von Frey hair, incapacitance, and rotarod tests were conducted to measure joint pain. The analgesic effect of capsazepine (CPZ), a TRPV1 antagonist, was compared between male and female mice. RESULTS Histology and OARSI scoring analysis showed that cartilage degeneration developed, and progressed in both male and female DMM groups, however, damage was less severe in females at the late stage of OA. Pain behavior, as measured by mechanical allodynia, was displayed for longer in male DMM mice compared to females. Incapacitance data showed that CPZ significantly reduced DMM-induced pain in male mice but not in female mice. Immunofluorescence microscopy analysis demonstrated that DMM surgery increased the expression of TRPV1 in both female and male dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Injection of CPZ significantly suppressed TRPV1 expression in the DRG of male mice only. CONCLUSION Joint damage develops comparably in both female and male mice after DMM although it progresses less in females. There was a subtle sex difference in pain behaviors and analgesic efficacy of a TRPV1 antagonist, which was accompanied by a differential regulation of TPRV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Hwang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Kyunggi, 14068, South Korea; Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chunchon, 24251, South Korea
| | - I Y Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Kyunggi, 14068, South Korea; Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chunchon, 24251, South Korea
| | - J I Hong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Kyunggi, 14068, South Korea; Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chunchon, 24251, South Korea
| | - J R Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Kyunggi, 14068, South Korea; Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chunchon, 24251, South Korea
| | - H A Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Kyunggi, 14068, South Korea; Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chunchon, 24251, South Korea.
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Sohn EH, Lee JS, Jung MS, Kim JR. A Prospective Study of Taxane-Induced Neuropathy with Breast Cancer: Proper Assessment Tool for Taxane-Induced Neuropathy. South Asian J Cancer 2021; 10:58-63. [PMID: 34568215 PMCID: PMC8460343 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many chemotherapeutic agents, especially taxanes, can induce peripheral neuropathy. Aim To evaluate the clinical characteristics of taxane-induced neuropathy (TIN) and determine the proper assessment tool for TIN in patients with breast cancer. Setting and Design Single-center, observational, prospective study. Methods and Material Forty-three patients with breast cancer treated with taxanes were prospectively enrolled. The reduced version of the Total Neuropathy Score (TNSr) was performed at baseline and 3 months after enrollment. TIN was diagnosed if the difference between the baseline and 3-month TNSr was greater than 1. In patients with TIN, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire- Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (20-item scale (EORTC-CIPN20) was also assessed 3 months after enrollment. Results Thirty-seven out of 43 (86.0%) patients were diagnosed with TIN. Sensory symptoms (64.9%) were the most frequent abnormality, followed by autonomic symptoms (54.1%). No patients reported motor symptoms or motor weakness. The TNSr sensory symptom score positively correlated with that of the EORTC-CIPN20. Nerve conduction studies showed reduced nerve conduction velocities and amplitudes after taxane treatment compared to those before chemotherapy in all tested nerves; however, only three (8.1%) patients had sural sensory nerve action potential amplitude outside normal limits. Conclusions TIN was predominantly sensory with normal nerve conduction studies which is the main feature of small fiber neuropathy. A combination scale comprising of a clinician-based scale and a patient-reported questionnaire and specialized tests for small nerve fibers should be considered as proper assessment tools to evaluate TIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hee Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Korea
| | - Mi Sook Jung
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Korea
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Jung MS, Visovatti MA, Sohn EH, Yoo HS, Kim M, Kim JR, Lee JS. Impact of changes in perceived attentional function on postsurgical health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients awaiting adjuvant treatment. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:230. [PMID: 32664976 PMCID: PMC7362443 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have assessed pre-surgery cognitive impairment or the impact of pre-surgery cognitive impairment on quality of life. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in perceived cognitive function from pre-surgery to 1 month post-surgery and to determine whether cognitive function predicted health-related quality of life in women who awaited adjuvant treatment for breast cancer. METHODS This study used a descriptive pre-post design to assess women newly diagnosed with breast cancer prior to any treatment (N = 132). Cognition was assessed using the Attentional Function Index (AFI) and health-related quality of life was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). Statistical methods included descriptive, comparative and regression analyses. Covariates assessed and controlled for in analyses included depressed mood, fatigue, disturbed sleep, surgery-related symptoms (lymphedema/decreased mobility), and cultural tendency. RESULTS Perceived attention and memory function decreased from pre-surgery to 1 month post-surgery alongside alterations in arm function and a decrease in depressed mood (p < 0.05). Regression analysis indicated that, after controlling for covariates, poorer perceived attention and memory function, surgery-specific symptoms, and a greater tendency toward collectivism predicted poorer quality of life. CONCLUSION Perceived function on tasks requiring attention and working memory 1 month post-surgery was poorer compared to pre-surgery suggesting that the mental and physical demands of a new diagnosis of breast cancer and surgery may effect cognitive function. Additionally, changes in perceived cognitive function significantly predicted perceived quality of life in women awaiting adjuvant treatment for breast cancer. Findings suggest that breast cancer patients are at risk for an early decline in cognitive function and that interventions aimed at supporting and optimizing function may improve quality of life early in the disease trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Sook Jung
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, 266 Minhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Moira A. Visovatti
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 N. Ingalls St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Eun Hee Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 33 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejoen, South Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- East-West Cancer Center, Daejeon University Korean Medicine Hospital, 176 Bun-gil, Daedeok-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Mijung Kim
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, 266 Minhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 33 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejoen, South Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 33 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejoen, South Korea
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Song SY, Park JH, Lee JS, Kim JR, Sohn EH, Jung MS, Yoo HS. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Evaluating Changes in Peripheral Neuropathy and Quality of Life by Using Low-Frequency Electrostimulation on Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Chemotherapy. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1534735420925519. [PMID: 32493088 PMCID: PMC7273579 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420925519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study examined the effect of a portable low-frequency electrostimulation (ES) device on patients diagnosed with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) immediately after chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods: A single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. A total of 72 patients newly diagnosed with CIPN were enrolled and randomly placed into the ES (n = 36) or the sham ES group (SES; n = 36). Duloxetine or pregabalin was prescribed to all participants from the initial assessment. The devices for 14 days, at least twice a day, for at least 120 minutes. The primary outcomes were the overall intensities of the CIPN symptoms as assessed using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Secondary outcomes included Total Neuropathy Score (TNS), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life (EORTC-QLQ), Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy 20 (CIPN20), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B), and Instrument on Pattern Identification and Evaluation for CIPN (IPIE-CIPN). Results: No differences in NRS scores were found between the patients in the ES and the SES group (P = 0.267). Patients in both groups showed significantly reduced CIPN intensities (ES P < .001; SES P < .001). No significant differences between the groups were found in TNS, EORTC-QLQ, CIPN20, and FACT-B. The general symptoms of CIPN diagnosed as cold arthralgia showed significance only in the ES group (P = .006). Conclusion: Compared with a placebo, the effectiveness of the low-frequency ES device with pharmacological intervention was not significantly different, but a therapeutic effect was possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yeon Song
- Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of
Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Park
- Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of
Daejeon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Sohn
- Chungnam National University Hospital,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sook Jung
- Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of
Daejeon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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9
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Paek SH, Kim HG, Lee JW, Woo J, Kwon H, Kim JB, Lim W, Kim JR, Moon BI, Paik NS. Circulating Plasmacytoid and Myeloid Dendritic Cells in Breast Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:29-37. [PMID: 30941231 PMCID: PMC6438830 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dendritic cells (DC) are a class of bone marrow-derived cells found in the blood, epithelia, and lymphoid tissues, and are the most efficient antigen presenting cells. The number and function of DC can change dramatically in cancer patients. The aim of this study is to correlate the levels of circulating DC subsets with clinical characteristics in breast cancer patients. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 53 untreated breast cancer patients before surgery between January 2013 and November 2013. Forty-one healthy, age-matched volunteers served as the control group. The phenotypes of circulating plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and myeloid DCs (mDCs) were determined using fluorescence activated cell sorting assays. Correlations between DCs immunophenotypes and clinicopathologic characteristics of these breast cancer patients were then determined. Results Patients with breast cancer had higher levels of pDCs (p = 0.046). No relationships were observed with tumor stage and intrinsic subtype. Estrogen receptor (ER) positive patients had higher levels of mDCs than ER negative patients (p = 0.025) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive patients had higher levels of pDCs than HER-2 (p = 0.040). No relationships were observed with T stage, N stage, Ki67 index, histologic grade, nuclear grade, and lymphovascular invasion. In multiple regression analysis, patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer had higher levels of pDCs than HER-2 negative patients (p = 0.026). Conclusion An increase of pDCs in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients was observed and patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer had higher levels of circulating pDCs than did HER-2 negative patients. Our results suggest that expression of DCs can differ according to breast cancer subtype and indicate that, with further investigation, DC expression has the possibility of being presented as a prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hyun Paek
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Goo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Woo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joohyun Woo
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Bin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam-Sun Paik
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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10
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Jang CE, Jung MS, Sohn EH, Kim M, Yoo HS, Bae K, Kim JR, Lee JS. The evaluation of changes in peripheral neuropathy and quality-of-life using low-frequency electrostimulation in patients treated with chemotherapy for breast cancer: a study protocol. Trials 2018; 19:526. [PMID: 30268158 PMCID: PMC6162932 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a progressive, enduring, and sometimes irreversible neurotoxic symptom that occurs in 30-40% of chemotherapy-treated cancer patients. CIPN negatively affects both the patient's abilities to perform daily activities and their health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after chemotherapy treatment. Although this neuropathy has been treated with duloxetine and/or gabapentin, limited therapeutic benefits have been reported, thereby necessitating the development of an integrated approach that combines pharmacological management and complementary methods such as acupuncture and electric nerve stimulation. Therefore, this study is designed to examine the effect of a portable, low-frequency electrostimulation (ES) device on CIPN symptoms and HRQOL of female patients diagnosed with CIPN immediately after chemotherapy for breast cancer. METHODS This study is a single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with two parallel groups and a 2-week follow-up. We will enroll 80 breast cancer patients who are newly diagnosed with CIPN after chemotherapy. Duloxetine or pregabalin will be prescribed to all participants from the initial assessment. Half of the patients will be assigned into the experimental group and the other half to the control group. The CarebandR (Piomed Inc., Seoul, Korea), a wearable wristband that generates low-frequency electrostimulation, will be administered only to the experimental group. Electrostimulation will be administered on the unilateral PC6 acupoint. A numerical rating scale will be used to assess the overall intensity of CIPN symptoms. The key secondary outcome variables include patient-reported CIPN symptom distress tested by a self-rated questionnaire, physician-rated symptom severity assessed by the Total Neuropathy Score, and HRQOL. DISCUSSION It is expected that the combination of a low-frequency electrostimulation device and pharmacological intervention (duloxetine or pregabalin) will produce synergistic effects in breast cancer patients with CIPN after treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the beneficial effect of a new integrated approach for CIPN management after breast cancer treatment. The study findings can expand our knowledge and understanding of the occurrence of CIPN and the efficacy of integrated intervention efforts to ameliorate CIPN symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), Republic of Korea, ID: KCT0002357 . Registered retrospectively on 13 June 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Eun Jang
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Sook Jung
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mijung Kim
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyeore Bae
- East-West Cancer Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Departmetn of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 33 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Departmetn of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 33 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Korea.
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Jung Y, Lee SJ, Lee J, Noh WC, Nam SJ, Park BW, Bae YT, Kang SS, Park HK, Yoon JH, Kim JR, Cho SH, Kim LS, Moon BI, Jung SH, Lim CW, Kim SY, Park HY, Song J, Lee KM, Park SH, Jeong J, Park HL, Kim SW, Kwak BS, Kang SH, Cho YU, Gwak GH, Park YL, Kim SW, Han S. Assessment of Quality of Life and Safety in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Letrozole as an Early Adjuvant Treatment. J Breast Cancer 2018; 21:182-189. [PMID: 29963114 PMCID: PMC6015975 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2018.21.2.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose There are few reports from Asian countries about the long-term results of aromatase inhibitor adjuvant treatment for breast cancer. This observational study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of letrozole in postmenopausal Korean women with operable breast cancer. Methods Self-reported quality of life (QoL) scores were serially assessed for 3 years during adjuvant letrozole treatment using the Korean version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast questionnaires (version 3). Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and serum cholesterol levels were also examined. Results All 897 patients received the documented informed consent form and completed a baseline questionnaire before treatment. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 684 (76.3%) subjects, and 410 (45.7%) and 396 (44.1%) patients had stage I and II breast cancer, respectively. Each patient completed questionnaires at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months after enrollment. Of 897 patients, 749 (83.5%) completed the study. The dropout rate was 16.5%. The serial trial outcome index, the sum of the physical and functional well-being subscales, increased gradually and significantly from baseline during letrozole treatment (p<0.001). The mean serum cholesterol level increased significantly from 199 to 205 after 36 months (p=0.042). The mean BMD significantly decreased from −0.39 at baseline to −0.87 after 36 months (p<0.001). Conclusion QoL gradually improved during letrozole treatment. BMD and serum cholesterol level changes were similar to those in Western countries, indicating that adjuvant letrozole treatment is well tolerated in Korean women, with minimal ethnic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsik Jung
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Chul Noh
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeong-Woo Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Tae Bae
- Department of Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kang
- Department of Surgery, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Park
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jung-Han Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Se Hun Cho
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Lee Su Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Byung In Moon
- Breast Cancer Center, Ewha Womans University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Jung
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Chol Wan Lim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sung Yong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ho Yong Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeongyoon Song
- Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Man Lee
- Department of Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Park
- Department of Surgery, Daegu Catholic University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Joon Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Lin Park
- Department of Surgery, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daerim St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Seok Kwak
- Department of Surgery, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kang
- Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Up Cho
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geum Hee Gwak
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Lae Park
- Department of Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sehwan Han
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Grillakis AA, Pichard L, Kim JR, Yarnell AM. 1066 DIFFERENCES PERSIST IN SLEEP QUANTITY BETWEEN HEALTHY CONTROLS AND CONCUSSED INDIVIDUALS 3–12 MONTHS POST-INJURY. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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13
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Ahn BH, Kim JR, Jeong HC, Lee JS, Chang ES, Kim YH. Predictive factors of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg Treat Res 2015; 88:63-8. [PMID: 25692116 PMCID: PMC4325652 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2015.88.2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between central lymph node (CLN) metastasis and clinicopathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). In addition, we investigated the incidence and risk factors for contralateral CLN metastasis in unilateral PTC. This study suggests the appropriate surgical extent for CLN dissection. METHODS A prospective study of 500 patients with PTC who underwent total thyroidectomy and prophylactic bilateral CLN dissection was conducted. RESULTS Of 500 patients, 255 had CLN metastases. The rate of CLN metastasis was considerably higher in cases of younger patients (<45 years old) (P < 0.001; odds ratio [OR], 2.357) and of a maximal tumor size greater than 1 cm (P < 0.001; OR, 3.165). Ipsilateral CLN metastasis was detected in 83.1% of cases (133/160) of unilateral PTC, only contralateral CLN metastases in 3.7% of cases (6/160), and bilateral CLN metastases in 13.1% of cases (21/160). The rate of contralateral CLN metastasis was considerably higher in cases of PTC with a large tumor size (≥1 cm) (P = 0.019; OR, 4.440) and with ipsilateral CLN metastasis (P = 0.047; OR, 2.613). CONCLUSION Younger age (<45 years old) and maximal tumor size greater than 1 cm were independent risk factors for CLN metastasis. Maximal tumor size greater than 1 cm and presence of ipsilateral CLN macrometastasis were independent risk factors for contralateral CLN metastasis. Therefore, both CLN dissections should be considered for unilateral PTC with a maximal tumor size greater than 1 cm or presence of ipsilateral CLN macrometastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong Hyon Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ho Chul Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eil Sung Chang
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong Hun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Korea
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14
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Sun JM, Kim JR, Do IG, Lee SY, Lee J, Choi YL, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Park K. A phase-1b study of everolimus plus paclitaxel in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1482-7. [PMID: 23963141 PMCID: PMC3776982 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is dysregulated in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and everolimus is an oral mTOR inhibitor. METHODS This phase-1b study assessed everolimus safety at the levels of 2.5, 5, or 10 mg once daily in combination with paclitaxel (175 mg m(-2)) once every 3 weeks in previously treated SCLC patients. The primary end point was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of everolimus. RESULTS Among 21 enrolled patients, common drug-related adverse events were anaemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, pain, hyperglycemia, and stomatitis. Out of 11 evaluable patients treated with everolimus at the level of 5 mg, 1 patient experienced dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of grade 4 febrile neutropenia and grade 3 thrombocytopenia. The other two DLTs (grade 4 thrombocytopenia and grade 3 hyperglycemia) occurred in two out of three patients receiving everolimus 10 mg. The overall objective response rate was 28%. CONCLUSION Everolimus showed an acceptable safety profile and preliminary antitumour activity at the dose of 5 mg once daily when combined with 3-weekly paclitaxel 175 mg m(-2) in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Sun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea
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15
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Lee JS, Yoon IS, Lee MS, Cha EY, Thuong PT, Diep TT, Kim JR. Anticancer activity of pristimerin in epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive SKBR3 human breast cancer cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:316-25. [PMID: 23370361 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pristimerin is a naturally occurring triterpenoid that causes cytotoxicity in several cancer cell lines. However, the mechanism of action for the cytotoxic effect of pristimerin has not been unexplored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pristimerin on cytotoxicity using the epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive SKBR3 human breast cancer cell line. Pristimerin inhibited proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manners in cells. We found it to be effective for suppressing HER2 protein and mRNA expression. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression and FASN activity were downregulated by pristimerin. Adding of exogenous palmitate, the end product of de novo fatty acid synthesis, reduced the proliferation activity of pristimerin. The changes in HER2 and FASN expression induced by pristimerin altered the levels of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation (Erk1/2, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)). Pristimerin lowered the levels of phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream targets such as phosphoprotein 70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase and 4E binding protein1. Pristimerin inhibited migration and invasion of cells, and co-treatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin additionally suppressed these activities. Pristimerin-induced apoptosis was evaluated using Western blotting for caspase-3, -8, -9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase expression and flow cytometric analysis for propidium iodide labeling. These results suggest that pristimerin is a novel HER2-downregulated compound that is able to decrease fatty acid synthase and modulate the Akt, MAPK, and mTOR signaling pathways to influence metastasis and apoptosis. Pristimerin may be further evaluated as a chemotherapeutic agent for HER2-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 301–721, Korea
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16
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Michie IS, Kim JR, Dinsdale RM, Guwy AJ, Premier GC. Factors affecting microbial fuel cell acclimation and operation in temperate climates. Water Sci Technol 2013; 67:2568-2575. [PMID: 23752390 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
For the successful scale-up of microbial fuel cell (MFC) systems, enrichment strategies are required that not only maximise reactor performance but also allow anodic biofilms to be robust to environmental change. Cluster analysis of Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis community fingerprints showed that anodic biofilms were enriched according to substrate type and temperature. Acetate produced the highest power density of 7.2 W m(-3) and butyrate the lowest at 0.29 W m(-3), but it was also found that the trophic conditions used to acclimate the electrogenic biofilms also determined the MFC response to different substrate types, with both acetate and butyrate substrates recording power densities of 1.07 and 1.0 W m(-3) respectively in a sucrose enriched reactor. When temperature perturbations were introduced to investigate the stability of the different substrate acclimated electrogenic biofilms, the 20 °C acclimated acetate reactor was unaffected by 10 °C operation but all reactors acclimated at 35 °C were adversely affected. When the operating temperature was raised back to 35 °C both the acetate and butyrate reactors recovered electrogenic activity but the sucrose reactor did not. It is thought that this was due to the more complex syntropic interactions that are required to occur when metabolising more complex substrate types.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Michie
- Faculty of Health, Sport and Science, Sustainable Environment Research Centre SERC, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid-Glamorgan, CF37 1DL, UK.
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17
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Gwak G, Lee HK, Kim HJ, Lee SY, Park YL, Lee JW, Kim SG, Huh H, Shin H, Kim JR, Ahn JS, Son JH, Lee IG, Park WC, Kim SY, Han S, Lee ES. Survey of the application of the korean clinical practice recommendations on breast cancer treatment: the utility of the korean breast cancer society guidelines. J Breast Cancer 2012; 15:239-43. [PMID: 22807943 PMCID: PMC3395749 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2012.15.2.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This survey was performed to analyze the usability of the third edition of the Korean breast cancer clinical practice guidelines (KBCCPG) in clinical practice. We made a questionnaire composed of 18 general and 82 specific questions regarding benign breast disease (B; 1 question); non-invasive disease (N; 12 questions); early-stage disease (E; 26 questions); advanced disease (A; 24 questions); and metastatic (M) breast cancer-related problems (19 questions). A total of 100 questionnaires, with a link to an online survey, were delivered via e-mail to over 700 members of the Korean Breast Cancer Society (KBCS), and associated academy members, over 20 days between 26th February and 16th May 2010. Out of 270 respondents who read the e-mail, 96 answered the questionnaire. Participants included 87 surgical oncologists, 5 radiation oncologists, 2 oncoplastic surgeons, 1 pathologist, and 1 medical oncologist. The third KBCCPG were perceived as differing from the second guidelines in terms of the level of clinical evidence required before choosing a recommendation. For the progress of the KBCCPG, the guideline committee should try to reinforce all courses of guideline development with several elements including data from clinical trials of Korean breast cancer patients, securing a multidisciplinary approach, developing consistent and reasonable processes for each step of the revision of the guidelines, induction of liberal scientific and ethical discussion about all issues with all KBCS members. The cost-effectiveness of healthcare and the logical development of the KBCCPG would also be ensured. Timely updates of the clinical guidelines for breast cancer treatment are essential to facilitate optimal decision-making in daily practice, and to ensure adequate patient feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geumhee Gwak
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Lee JS, Sul JY, Park JB, Lee MS, Cha EY, Song IS, Kim JR, Chang ES. Fatty acid synthase inhibition by amentoflavone suppresses HER2/neu (erbB2) oncogene in SKBR3 human breast cancer cells. Phytother Res 2012; 27:713-20. [PMID: 22767439 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of cancer and obesity, and is highly elevated in 30% of HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. Considerable interest has developed in searching for novel FASN inhibitors as therapeutic agents in treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. Amentoflavone was found to be effective in suppressing FASN expression in HER2-positive SKBR3 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of FASN by amentoflavone specifically down-regulated HER2 protein and mRNA, and caused an up-regulation of PEA3, a transcriptional repressor of HER2. In addition, pharmacological blockade of FASN by amentoflavone preferentially decreased cell viability and induced cell death in SKBR3 cells. Palmitate reduced the cytotoxic effect of amentoflavone, as the percentage of viable cells was increased after the addition of exogenous palmitate. Amentoflavone-induced FASN inhibition inhibited the translocation of SREBP-1 in SKBR3 cells. Amentoflavone inhibited phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and JNK. The use of pharmacological inhibitors revealed that the modulation of AKT, mTOR, and JNK phosphorylation required synergistic amentoflavone-induced FASN inhibition and HER2 activation in SKBR3 cells. These results suggest that amentoflavone modulated FASN expression by regulation of HER2-pathways, and induced cell death to enhance chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic activity in HER2-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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19
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Youn SH, Lee JS, Lee MS, Cha EY, Thuong PT, Kim JR, Chang ES. Anticancer properties of pomolic acid-induced AMP-activated protein kinase activation in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:105-10. [PMID: 22223345 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status found in all eukaryotes. Recent studies indicate that AMPK activation strongly suppresses cell proliferation in tumor cells, which requires high rates of protein synthesis and de novo fatty acid synthesis for their rapid growth. Pomolic acid (PA) has been previously described as being active in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated PA activated AMPK, and this activity was related to proliferation and apoptosis in MCF7 breast cancer cells. PA inhibited cell proliferation and induced sub-G(1) arrest, elevating the mRNA levels of the apoptotic genes p53 and p21. PA activated caspase-3, -9, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and this effect was inhibited by z-VAD-fmk. AMPK activation was increased by treating cells with PA, inactivated by treating cells with a compound C, and co-treatment consisting of PA and aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) synergistically activated AMPK. These anti-cancer potentials of PA were accompanied by effects on de novo fatty acid synthesis as shown by the decreased expression of fatty acid synthase, and decreased acetyl-CoA carboxylase activation and incorporation of [(3)H]acetyl-CoA into fatty acids. In addition, PA inhibited key enzymes involved in protein synthesis such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1). These results suggest that PA exerts anti-cancer properties through the modulation of AMPK pathways and its value as an anti-cancer agent in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seog Hyeon Youn
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 301–721, Korea
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20
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Guwy AJ, Dinsdale RM, Kim JR, Massanet-Nicolau J, Premier G. Fermentative biohydrogen production systems integration. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:8534-8542. [PMID: 21621996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Acidogenic fermentation can be used to produce hydrogen from a range of biomass sources. The effluent from this process can be utilised in a number of biological processes enabling further recovery of energy from the biomass. In this review a number of candidate technologies are assessed including conventional methanogenic anaerobic digestion, dark fermentative hydrogen production, photo-fermentation, and bioelectrochemical systems. The principles, benefits and challenges associated with integrating these technologies are discussed, with particular emphasis on integration with fermentative hydrogen production, and the current state of integrative development is presented. The various system configurations for potential integrations presented here may simultaneously permit an increase in the conversion efficiency of biomass to energy, improved adaptability to varying operating conditions, and improved stability. Such integration, while increasing system complexity, may mean that these bioprocesses could be deployed in a wider range of scenarios and be used with a greater range of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Guwy
- The Sustainable Environment Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Sport and Science, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Mid. Glamorgan CF37 1DL, UK.
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21
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Kim JR, Mathew SO, Patel RK, Pertusi RM, Mathew PA. Altered expression of signalling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family receptors CS1 (CD319) and 2B4 (CD244) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 160:348-58. [PMID: 20345977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04116.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CS1 (CRACC, CD319) and 2B4 (CD244), members of the signalling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family receptors, regulate various immune functions. Genes encoding SLAM family receptors are located at 1q23, implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we have investigated the expression and alternative splicing of CS1 and 2B4 in immune cells from SLE patients. The surface expression of CS1 and 2B4 on total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), T, B, natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes in 45 patients with SLE and 30 healthy individuals was analysed by flow cytometry. CS1-positive B cell population was increased significantly in SLE patients. Because CS1 is a self-ligand and homophilic interaction of CS1 induces B cell proliferation and autocrine cytokine secretion, this could account for autoreactive B cell proliferation in SLE. The proportion of NK cells and monocytes expressing 2B4 on their surface was significantly lower in patients with SLE compared to healthy controls. Our study demonstrated altered expression of splice variants of CS1 and 2B4 that mediate differential signalling in PBMC from patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology and Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107-2699, USA
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22
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Kim YK, Yiu CKY, Kim JR, Gu L, Kim SK, Weller RN, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Failure of a glass ionomer to remineralize apatite-depleted dentin. J Dent Res 2010; 89:230-5. [PMID: 20110510 DOI: 10.1177/0022034509357172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Remineralization of demineralized dentin lesions adjacent to glass-ionomer cements (GICs) has been reported in the literature. This study tested the hypothesis that a strontium-based GIC can remineralize completely demineralized dentin by nucleation of new apatite crystallites within an apatite-free dentin matrix. Human dentin specimens were acid-etched, bonded with Fuji IX(GP), and immersed in a calcium-and-phosphate-containing 1.5X simulated body fluid (SBF) for 1-4 months. Polyacrylic acid and polyvinylphosphonic acid biomimetic analogs were added to the SBFs to create 2 additional remineralization media. Specimens were processed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). No apatite deposition could be identified in the completely demineralized dentin in any of the specimens immersed in the 3 remineralization media, despite TEM/EDX evidence of diffusion of ions specific to the strontium-based GIC into the demineralized dentin. The hypothesis was rejected; mineral concentration alone is not a sufficient endpoint for assessing the success of contemporary remineralization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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23
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Kim G, Kim H, Kim IJ, Kim JR, Lee JI, Ree M. Bacterial adhesion, cell adhesion and biocompatibility of Nafion films. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2009; 20:1687-707. [PMID: 19723436 DOI: 10.1163/156856208x386273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated bioadhesion (bacterial and cell adhesion) and biocompatibility of poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octenesulfonic acid) (Nafion) and compared the results with those obtained with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVFHFP). When incubated with bacteria for 4 h to 7 days, Nafion film exhibited scarce bacterial adhesion at 6 h, after which the adhesion gradually increasing to relatively low levels. In contrast, significant bacterial adhesion to PVFHFP film was observed at 4 h, and much higher adhesion levels were shown thereafter. Although HEp-2 human cells adhered normally to both films, reaching confluence in 7-8 days, the cells adhered to Nafion appeared more lively and stable than those to PVFHFP. Subcutaneous implantation in mice revealed that Nafion elicited a mild acute inflammatory reaction without chronic inflammation or tissue necrosis, indicating excellent biocompatibility in mice. PVFHFP, however, provoked a moderate and prolonged acute inflammatory response. These differences in the biological characteristics of Nafion and PVFHFP films may be attributable to the differences in the chemical and physical natures of these polymer films. Nafion film provided a sufficiently solid support, expressing a high surface charge density and good water-wettability. In summary, Nafion is suitable for use in biomedical applications that require biocompatibility with a reduced possibility of post-operative infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, South Korea
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24
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Ryoo NH, Ha JS, Jeon DS, Kim JR, Hwang EA. Alternaria peritonitis after contact with a cat. Perit Dial Int 2009; 29:235-236. [PMID: 19293364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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25
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Jun HS, Kim IK, Lee HJ, Lee HJ, Kang JH, Kim JR, Shin HD, Song J. Effects of UCP2 and UCP3 variants on the manifestation of overweight in Korean children. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009; 17:355-62. [PMID: 19039313 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2008.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the associations of uncoupling protein (UCP)2 and UCP3 gene variants with overweight and related traits, we genotyped UCP2-866G>A, UCP2Ala55Val, and UCP3-55C>T in 737 Korean children and 732 adults and collected data regarding anthropometric status and blood biochemistry. Information concerning the children's lifestyles and dietary habits was collected. The UCP2-866G>A and UCP3-55C>T gene variants showed significant associations with BMI level, waist circumference, and body weight in the children but not in the adults. Compared with -866GG carriers, the -866GA and AA carriers showed a strong decreasing trend in the risk for overweight (odds ratio (OR), 0.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.45-1.01; P = 0.053). In comparison with UCP3-55CC carriers, children carrying -55CT and TT showed a significant reduction in the risk of overweight (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.46-0.98; P = 0.039). There was also evidence of interactions between the effects of the combined UCP2-UCP3 genotype and obesity-related metabolic traits. The greatest protective effect against overweight was seen in those with the combined genotype non-UCP2-866GG and non-UCP3-55CC, as compared with those carrying both UCP2-866GG and UCP3-55CC (OR,0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.95; P = 0.030). In the subgroup with a low level of physical activity, UCP3-55CC carriers had higher BMI values than UCP3-55T carriers (16.6 +/- 2.3 kg/m(2) vs. 16.1 +/- 1.9 kg/m(2), P = 0.016). Low physical activity may aggravate the susceptibility to overweight in UCP2-866GG and UCP3-55CC carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Jun
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korean National Institute of Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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26
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Moon TS, Kim YJ, Kim JR, Cha JH, Kim DH, Kim CW. Identification of process operating state with operational map in municipal wastewater treatment plant. J Environ Manage 2009; 90:772-778. [PMID: 18313199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Revised: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This work was performed to develop an operational map for the objective diagnosis of the process operating states of a municipal wastewater treatment plant, for which multivariate statistical analysis techniques were applied. PCA (principal component analysis) was used to reduce the dimension of the data sets obtained from the field municipal wastewater treatment plant. A K-means clustering analysis was used to classify the group according to the property of the process operating state. A Fisher's linear discriminant analysis was used to derive the discriminant function of each classified group. An operational map was developed by scatter-plotting the derived principal components (PCs) on a two-dimensional coordinate according to the classified groups. Using the new data sets not used for developing the operational map, the practical usefulness of the operational map and discriminant function in diagnosing the process operating state were evaluated. Hence, the process operating state could be easily and quickly diagnosed and the dynamic trend of the process operating state was also able to be estimated using the operational map.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Moon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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27
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Kim YH, Lee JS, Lee CJ, Kim JR, Chang ES. Preoperative Axillary Staging Using18F-FDG PET/CT and Ultrasonography in Breast Cancer Patients. J Breast Cancer 2009. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2009.12.3.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chul Joo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eil Sung Chang
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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28
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Oh SE, Kim JR, Joo JH, Logan BE. Effects of applied voltages and dissolved oxygen on sustained power generation by microbial fuel cells. Water Sci Technol 2009; 60:1311-7. [PMID: 19717919 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen intrusion into the anode chamber through proton exchange membrane can result in positive redox conditions in fed-batch, two chamber MFCs at the end of a cycle when the substrate is depleted. A slight increase in dissolved oxygen to 0.3 mg/L during MFC operation was not found to adversely affect power generation over subsequent cycles if sufficient substrate (acetate) was provided. Purging the anode chamber with air or pure oxygen for up to 10 days and 10 hrs also did not affect power generation, as power rapidly returned to previous levels when the chamber was sparged with nitrogen gas. When MFCs are connected in series, voltage reversal can occur resulting in a positive voltage applied to the anode biofilm. To investigate if this adversely affected the bacteria, voltages of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 9 V, were applied for 1 hr to the MFC before reconnecting it back to a fixed external load (1,000 Omega). A voltage of <2 V did not affect power generation. However, applying 3 V resulted in a 15 h lag phase before recovery, and 9 V produced a 60 h lag phase suggesting substantial damage to the bacteria that required re-growth of bacteria in the biofilm. These results indicate that charge reversal will be a more serious problem than oxygen intrusion into the anode chamber for sustained performance of MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Oh
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1, Hyoja 2-dong, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 200-701, South Korea.
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29
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JU JUNGHUN, Lee JK, Sohn KH, Lee JP, Kim JH, Lim CH, Hong SK, Kim IY, Kim JR, Ock SW, Kim SH, Park KL. Immune related gene expression profiling of UVB‐induced photoaging skin in SKH‐1 hairless mice. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.2_supplement.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JUNG HUN JU
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - JK Lee
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - KH Sohn
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - JP Lee
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - JH Kim
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - CH Lim
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - SK Hong
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - IY Kim
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - JR Kim
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - SW Ock
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - SH Kim
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Kui Lea Park
- Toxicological research DepartmentNITRKFDASeoulRepublic of Korea
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30
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Abstract
Systems biology is a multi-disciplinary approach to the study of the interactions of various cellular mechanisms and cellular components. Owing to the development of new technologies that simultaneously measure the expression of genetic information, systems biological studies involving gene interactions are increasingly prominent. In this regard, reconstructing gene regulatory networks (GRNs) forms the basis for the dynamical analysis of gene interactions and related effects on cellular control pathways. Various approaches of inferring GRNs from gene expression profiles and biological information, including machine learning approaches, have been reviewed, with a brief introduction of DNA microarray experiments as typical tools for measuring levels of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression. In particular, the inference methods are classified according to the required input information, and the main idea of each method is elucidated by comparing its advantages and disadvantages with respect to the other methods. In addition, recent developments in this field are introduced and discussions on the challenges and opportunities for future research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Cho
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Jongnogu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea.
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31
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Lee IP, Kang BH, Roh JK, Kim JR. Lack of carcinogenicity of lyophilized Agaricus blazei Murill in a F344 rat two year bioassay. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 46:87-95. [PMID: 17707568 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Revised: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Brazilian mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill has antimutagenic, antioxidant, immunostimulatory and antitumorigenic activities, and is increasingly consumed as a health food worldwide. We undertook the present study to evaluate the chronic toxicity and oncogenicity of A. blazei Murill in F344 rats. To establish a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL), four treatment groups of 100 rats each (50 males and 50 females) were fed a powder diet containing lyophilized A. blazei aqueous extract at 0, 6250, 12,500, and 25,000 ppm for up to 2 years. During this period, there was no remarkable change in mean body weight, body weight gain, hematologic or serum chemistry parameters, or absolute or relative organ weights in control or treatment groups. Mortality in male treatment groups (26%, 16%, and 30%), however, was significantly lower than in controls (48%). Histopathological studies showed no increased incidence of tumors in any treatment group, and total tumor incidence across all groups was comparable to historical data. In conclusion, an A. blazei Murill lyophilized powder diet even at 25,000 ppm (1176 mg/kgb x w x /day for male rats and 1518 mg/kgb.w./day for female rats) resulted in no remarkable carcinogenic effects in F344 rats over a 2-year period. Therefore, the dietary NOAEL is 25,000 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Toxicological Research Center, Korea Food and Drug Administration, 5 Nokbun-Dong, Unpyong-Ku, Seoul 122-704, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Lee JJ, Im JH, BenAim R, Kim JR, Kim YJ, Poo KM, Kim CW. Better understanding of the filtration characteristics in the flexible fibre filter module (3FM). Water Sci Technol 2007; 55:77-83. [PMID: 17305126 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2007.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study is about the particle retention and filtration characteristics of fibre filter. Four laboratory scale fibre filters with different heights were used in parallel at various packing densities and filtration velocities. Of all of the operating parameters studied, filtration velocity had the most influence. Contrary to general theories, pressure drop increases slightly during the filtration in spite of the continuous retention of particles. This may have occurred because of large porosity of the packing (about 93%). This might be considered an advantage of the filter and something that makes it economic. The higher the filtration velocity, the larger the mass of particles retained in the filter. For filtration velocities of 20 and 40 m/h, particles smaller than 5 microm are retained as proven by the particle size distribution at the inlet and outlet.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea
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33
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Park JH, Song HI, Rho JM, Kim MR, Kim JR, Park BH, Park TS, Baek HS. Parathyroid hormone (1-34) augments angiopoietin-1 expression in human osteoblast-like cells. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2006; 114:438-43. [PMID: 17039426 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-924400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a major regulatory factor in skeletal physiology. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of PTH on bones has yet to be elucidated in detail. Recently, some reports have demonstrated the crucial role of bone vasculature with regard to bone density. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), along with VEGF, has been established as a primary angiogenic regulatory agent. In this study, we have attempted to characterize the effects of PTH (1-34) on Ang-1 expression and signaling molecules, employing primary-cultured human osteoblast-like cells. Quiescent osteoblasts were exposed to PTH (1-34), after which Ang-1 expression was determined at the mRNA and protein levels. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses indicated that Ang-1 mRNA expression increased as the result of PTH (1-34) treatment. The expression of the Ang-1 protein was also augmented as the result of treatment with PTH (1-34). An adenylyl cyclase activator, forskolin, was shown to induce Ang-1 mRNA expression, whereas the protein kinase A inhibitor, H-89, blocked the PTH (1-34)-mediated expression of Ang-1 mRNA. These findings indicate that PTH (1-34)-mediated Ang-1 expression involves adenylyl cyclase-protein kinase A dependent signaling. Our observations also show that Ang-1 may perform a crucial role in the effects of PTH (1-34) on bones, possibly involving alterations in bone vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Suh MK, Lim JW, Lee YH, Ha GY, Kim H, Kim JR, Yaguchi T, Nishimura K. Subcutaneous hyalohyphomycosis due to Cephalotheca foveolata
in an immunocompetent host. Br J Dermatol 2006; 154:1184-9. [PMID: 16704653 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case of subcutaneous hyalohyphomycosis caused by the genus Cephalotheca, which has not been reported to cause human infection. A 67-year-old immunocompetent farmer presented with a 10-year history of verrucous erythematous plaques on the right foot dorsum, great toe, heel and sole. Histopathology of the lesions revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation with numerous nonpigmented fungal spores in the dermis. Cultures of biopsy specimens on Sabouraud's dextrose agar for 2 weeks developed into yellowish brown, velvety colonies that subsequently turned black after 8 weeks because of the production of black cleistothecia indicating the teleomorph. On the basis of mycological features, scanning electron microscopic morphology and molecular analysis data, a new species of Cephalotheca was identified and designated Cephalotheca foveolata. Because there was no response to the antifungal agents administered, the patient was successfully treated by surgical excision with skin graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Suh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongju Hospital of Dongguk University, Seokjang-dong, Gyeongju 780-350, South Korea
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35
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Ko JH, Lee SH, Kim JR, Kim YJ, Hwang IS, Lee TH, Kim CW. Monitoring of pH inhibition on microbial activity in a continuous flow reactor by pseudo toxic concentration (C(PT)) concept and time delay model. Water Sci Technol 2006; 53:367-73. [PMID: 16722088 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The pseudo toxic concentration (C(PT)) concept was introduced as a quantification method to describe pH as an inhibitor concentration. In this research, the applicability of the C(PT) concept model for the detection of pH inhibitions was expanded for a continuous flow activated sludge reactor. A pilot equipped with an inhibition detection system was installed. Inhibitory wastewater was injected for 1 h and the relative activity was calculated by the maximum respiration rate. At the same time, the coefficients for the C(PT) concept model were estimated. At the dynamic conditions, the estimated relative activity by the C(PT) concept model showed time lag compared to the measured one. However, the time lag problem was successfully resolved by introducing a transfer function into the C(PT) concept model. The C(PT) concept model combined with a transfer function (C(PT) + TF model) successfully tracked the variation of the relative activity under dynamic conditions. The C(PT) + TF model could detect 50% inhibition faster than the respirometry based method by approximately 10 min. Moreover, it had additional advantages such as being inexpensive, easy to install and simple to operate. In conclusion, the C(PT) + TF model was an effective and convenient detection method of pH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Ko
- Research and Engineering Division, Posco Engineering and Construction, 445-810, Korea
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36
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Lee SH, Ko JH, Kim JR, Kim YJ, Lee JJ, Kim CW, Lee TH. Identification of the adverse effect of nitrate on the phosphate release rate and improvement of EBPR process models. Water Sci Technol 2006; 53:115-23. [PMID: 16722061 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effect of nitrate on the phosphate release rate in the anaerobic phase was observed and was hardly explainable with conventional EBPR process models. Four possible mechanisms were proposed including substrate competition, reduced fermentation, parallel reaction and sequential reaction. Batch experiments were designed and conducted to identify the dominant mechanism. Results showed that the sequential reaction was the only possible mechanism where only denitrification occurred if any nitrate existed in the anaerobic phase. Then the phosphate release following after the nitrate was completely removed. Nitrate inhibition effect was added into the PHA storage rate to incorporate the sequential reaction in the conventional ASM3 plus EAWAG bio-P module (ASM3 + P). Nitrate inhibition coefficient, K(I,NO,PAO) was found to be as low as 0.05 mg/L. This correlated well with experimental observation where no also meant that the anaerobic compartment of a continuous flow reactor could be seriously affected by the residual nitrate contained in the sludge recycle flow. This phenomenon caused overestimation of the phosphate uptake rate and consequently underestimation of PO4(3-) -P concentration. This problem was resolved by incorporation of a nitrate inhibition term in the ASM3 + P for more accurate simulation of the EBPR process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea (ROK)
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37
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Kim JR, Ko JH, Lee JJ, Kim SH, Park TJ, Kim CW, Woo HJ. Parameter sensitivity analysis for activated sludge models No. 1 and 3 combined with one-dimensional settling model. Water Sci Technol 2006; 53:129-38. [PMID: 16532743 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to suggest a sensitivity analysis technique that can reliably predict effluent quality and minimize calibration efforts without being seriously affected by influent composition and parameter uncertainty in the activated sludge models No. 1 (ASM1) and No. 3 (ASM3) with a settling model. The parameter sensitivities for ASM1 and ASM3 were analyzed by three techniques such as SVM-Slope, RVM-SlopeMA, and RVM-AreaCRF. The settling model parameters were also considered. The selected highly sensitive parameters were estimated with a genetic algorithm, and the simulation results were compared as deltaEQ. For ASM1, the SVM-Slope technique proved to be an acceptable approach because it identified consistent sensitive parameter sets and presented smaller deltaEQ under every tested condition. For ASM3, no technique identified consistently sensitive parameters under different conditions. This phenomenon was regarded as the reflection of the high sensitivity of the ASM3 parameters. But it should be noted that the SVM-Slope technique presented reliable deltaEQ under every influent condition. Moreover, it was the simplest and easiest methodology for coding and quantification among those tested. Therefore, it was concluded that the SVM-Slope technique could be a reasonable approach for both ASM1 and ASM3.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
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38
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Kim JR, Ko JH, Im JH, Lee SH, Kim SH, Kim CW, Park TJ. Forecasting influent flow rate and composition with occasional data for supervisory management system by time series model. Water Sci Technol 2006; 53:185-92. [PMID: 16722069 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The information on the incoming load to wastewater treatment plants is not often available to apply modelling for evaluating the effect of control actions on a full-scale plant. In this paper, a time series model was developed to forecast flow rate, COD, NH4(+)-N and PO4(3-)-P in influent by using 250 days data of field plant operation data. The data for 150 days and 100 days were used for model development and model validation, respectively. The missing data were interpolated by the spline method and the time series model. Three different methods were proposed for model development: one model and one-step to seven-step ahead forecasting (Method 1); seven models and one-step-ahead forecasting (Method 2); and one model and one-step-ahead forecasting (Method 3). Method 3 featured only one-step-ahead forecasting that could avoid the accumulated error and give simple estimation of coefficients. Therefore, Method 3 was the reliable approach to developing the time series model for the purpose of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Kim
- Dept of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Korea.
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Poo KM, Im JH, Jun BH, Kim JR, Hwang IS, Choi KS, Kim CW. Full-cyclic control strategy of SBR for nitrogen removal in strong wastewater using common sensors. Water Sci Technol 2006; 53:151-60. [PMID: 16722065 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A full-cyclic automatic control strategy for sequencing batch reactors (SBR) was proposed using only common sensors such as ORP, DO and pH. The main objective was to develop a generally applicable and robust control strategy. To accomplish this, various control schemes found in the literature or suggested by authors were examined at diverse ammonia loads and SCOD/NH4(+)-N ratios. Advantages and constraints of each scheme were discussed and compared. Ammonia load was estimated with DO lag time during the aerobic stage, and then the influent pump was manipulated to meet the desired load at the next anoxic stage. A partial denitrification scheme was chosen for the anoxic stage period control, to save anoxic time and external carbon. For external carbon dosage control, intermittent feeding at each anoxic stage was concluded to be a suitable scheme. The anoxic stage period could be successfully controlled by the combination of pH increase and DO increase. Every suggested control scheme was incorporated into a full-cyclic control strategy and tested at 0.02, 0.035, 0.08 kg NH4(+)-N/m3/sub-cycle. From the results, it is expected to perform unmanned automatic SBR operation with this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Poo
- Water Environment and Remediation Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1, Hawolkokdong, Seongbukku, Seoul 136-791, Korea
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40
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Beysen D, Raes J, Leroy BP, Lucassen A, Yates JRW, Clayton-Smith J, Ilyina H, Brooks SS, Christin-Maitre S, Fellous M, Fryns JP, Kim JR, Lapunzina P, Lemyre E, Meire F, Messiaen LM, Oley C, Splitt M, Thomson J, Van de Peer Y, Veitia RA, De Paepe A, De Baere E. Deletions involving long-range conserved nongenic sequences upstream and downstream of FOXL2 as a novel disease-causing mechanism in blepharophimosis syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2005; 77:205-18. [PMID: 15962237 PMCID: PMC1224524 DOI: 10.1086/432083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 05/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of a gene requires not only a normal coding sequence but also intact regulatory regions, which can be located at large distances from the target genes, as demonstrated for an increasing number of developmental genes. In previous mutation studies of the role of FOXL2 in blepharophimosis syndrome (BPES), we identified intragenic mutations in 70% of our patients. Three translocation breakpoints upstream of FOXL2 in patients with BPES suggested a position effect. Here, we identified novel microdeletions outside of FOXL2 in cases of sporadic and familial BPES. Specifically, four rearrangements, with an overlap of 126 kb, are located 230 kb upstream of FOXL2, telomeric to the reported translocation breakpoints. Moreover, the shortest region of deletion overlap (SRO) contains several conserved nongenic sequences (CNGs) harboring putative transcription-factor binding sites and representing potential long-range cis-regulatory elements. Interestingly, the human region orthologous to the 12-kb sequence deleted in the polled intersex syndrome in goat, which is an animal model for BPES, is contained in this SRO, providing evidence of human-goat conservation of FOXL2 expression and of the mutational mechanism. Surprisingly, in a fifth family with BPES, one rearrangement was found downstream of FOXL2. In addition, we report nine novel rearrangements encompassing FOXL2 that range from partial gene deletions to submicroscopic deletions. Overall, genomic rearrangements encompassing or outside of FOXL2 account for 16% of all molecular defects found in our families with BPES. In summary, this is the first report of extragenic deletions in BPES, providing further evidence of potential long-range cis-regulatory elements regulating FOXL2 expression. It contributes to the enlarging group of developmental diseases caused by defective distant regulation of gene expression. Finally, we demonstrate that CNGs are candidate regions for genomic rearrangements in developmental genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Beysen
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Affiliation(s)
- Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung nam National University, Daejon, Korea
| | - Eil Sung Chang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung nam National University, Daejon, Korea
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42
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Lee JS, Park JH, Suh KS, Kim JR, Chang ES. Correlation between c-erbB-2 expression and other prognostic factors in breast cancer. J Breast Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2005.8.4.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Park
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kwang Sun Suh
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eil Sung Chang
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
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43
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Cha SC, Jang YS, Lee JH, Kim HK, Kim SC, Kim S, Baek SH, Jung WS, Kim JR. Mutational analysis of forkhead transcriptional factor 2 (FOXL2) in Korean patients with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome. Clin Genet 2004; 64:485-90. [PMID: 14986827 DOI: 10.1046/j.1399-0004.2003.00162.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We screened for mutations in the forkhead transcription factor gene, FOXL2, in Korean patients with sporadic or familial blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) by polymerase chain reaction-single-stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and direct sequencing. Five of nine BPES families and three of seven sporadic cases were detected to have FOXL2 mutations. We identified four types of FOXL2 mutations, two of which are novel. A new 14 bp deletion (939-952del14) causing a frameshift from G235W and the extension of the predicted protein to 527 amino acids was detected in a BPES family patient. In addition, a novel 845C > A transversion, resulting in a nonsense mutation (S203X), was found in a sporadic case of BPES. The previously reported in-frame 30 bp duplication (909-938dup30) was the most common mutation and was found in eight patients of four BPES families and one sporadic case. A known 17 bp duplication (1080-1096dup17) was observed in a sporadic BPES case. We were unable to find a causal mutation in four BPES families and four sporadic cases. These results suggest that in a fraction of BPES patients, the genetic defect might be associated with a mutation in the non-coding region of the FOXL2 gene or in other genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Cha
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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44
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Kim JC, Lee KH, Yu CS, Kim HC, Kim JR, Chang HM, Kim JH, Kim JS, Kim TW. The clinicopathological significance of inferior mesenteric lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2004; 30:271-9. [PMID: 15028308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2003.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS There are few studies reporting survival or recurrence patterns in colorectal cancer patients with inferior mesenteric lymph node metastasis (IMLN+). The present study evaluated the prognostic significance of patients being IMLN+ or IMLN- in colorectal cancer. METHODS Survival, recurrence pattern and treatment protocols were compared between 63 IMLN+ patients and 108 IMLN- patients with stage III and IV rectal and sigmoid cancer undergoing curative surgery. Lymph node sampling was routinely performed prior to inferior mesenteric artery ligation and excision flush with aorta. Limited principal node dissection including IMLN was performed in cases of identified node metastasis. RESULTS The 5-year disease-free survival rates were 50% in IMLN- and 31% in IMLN+ patients (P=0.004). The 5-year disease-free survival rate was greater in the N1 group than the N2 group (P=0.038). Cox regression analysis showed IMLN+, lymphovascular tumour invasion, T4, M1, and pre-operative serum CEA level over 6 ng/ml were independently associated with unfavorable disease-free survival. The prognostic significance of M category was greater when the IMLN+ was included in the M1 as opposed to the N category. In patients undergoing absolute curative surgery, post-operative recurrence rates were 34% for IMLN- and 57% for IMLN+ patients (P=0.009; OR, 2.611; 95% CI, 1.313-5.194). For IMLN+ patients, post-operative adjuvant treatment independently correlated with disease-free survival (P=0.029). CONCLUSIONS IMLN+ is an independent survival factor enhancing the prognostic significance of the M category in the AJCC staging. Curative radical surgery and post-operative chemoradiotherapy appears to be warranted for IMLN+ colorectal cancer patients as it resulted in 5-year disease-free survival rates of up to 31% compared to 50% in IMLN- patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Poongnap-2-Dong Songpa-Ku, Seoul 138-736, South Korea.
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Jang TJ, Min SK, Bae JD, Jung KH, Lee JI, Kim JR, Ahn WS. Expression of cyclooxygenase 2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1, and EP receptors is increased in rat oesophageal squamous cell dysplasia and Barrett's metaplasia induced by duodenal contents reflux. Gut 2004; 53:27-33. [PMID: 14684572 PMCID: PMC1773937 DOI: 10.1136/gut.53.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM It is known that bile acids can induce mucosal injury, stimulate cell proliferation, and promote tumorigenesis. A large body of genetic and biochemical evidence indicate that the biosynthetic pathway of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) may play an important role in human and rodent tumours. Therefore, we examined the expression pattern of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1), COX-2, and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1), as well as EP receptor subtypes in rat oesophageal lesions induced by duodenal contents reflux. METHODS Oesophagoduodenal anastomosis was performed in rats to induce duodenal contents reflux. We examined histological changes and expression of COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-1, and EP receptor subtypes in the oesophagus by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Normal control oesophageal tissues showed COX-1 expression in subepithelial stromal cells, including endothelial cells and muscular cells, and did not reveal expression of COX-2 or mPGES-1. In the case of squamous cell lesions, immunoreactivity of COX-1 was similar to that of normal lesions, and COX-2 was maximally expressed around the vascular papillae of tissues showing dysplasia and surrounding epithelial layer and basal layer. mPGES-1 was highly expressed in stromal cells with COX-2 expression. In the case of Barrett's oesophagus, COX-2 and mPGES-1 were predominantly in subepithelial stromal cells. mRNA levels of COX-2, mPGES-1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 were higher in the experimental groups than in controls. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the biosynthetic pathway of PGE2 may play an important role in oesophageal squamous cell dysplasia and glandular metaplasia induced by duodenal contents reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Jang
- Department of Pathology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Kyongju, Kyongbuk, Korea.
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46
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Jun BH, Poo KM, Im JH, Kim JR, Woo HJ, Kim CW. External carbon feeding strategy for enhancing nitrogen removal in SBR. Water Sci Technol 2004; 49:325-331. [PMID: 15137441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Effective method for feeding an external carbon source (ECS) in SBR was investigated to enhance denitrification based on modifying the anoxic/aerobic sub-cycle for swine wastewater treatment. The wastewater discharged from the scraper-type barns contains relatively low readily biodegradable organic. Therefore NOx-N was accumulated during repeating sub-cycle in SBR operation. When acetic acid was fed as ECS during the final sub-cycle, the maximum nitrogen removal rate was 0.22 kg N/m3/d. This was due to both less denitrification rate during the sub-cycle period and inhibition of denitrification by pH drop during the final cycle. The pH drop was caused by a large amount of ECS feeding to remove high concentration of NOx-N in the final period. To overcome these limitations and achieve higher nitrogen removal rate, the intermittent ECS feeding method with raw wastewater at every anoxic period was developed. Using the modifying ECS feeding method, the removal rate was increased to 0.45 kg N/m3/d without NOx-N accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Jun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea.
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47
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Oh GT, Choi JH, Hong JJ, Kim DY, Lee SB, Kim JR, Lee CH, Hyun BH, Oh SR, Bok SH, Jeong TS. Dietary hematein ameliorates fatty streak lesions in the rabbit by the possible mechanism of reducing VCAM-1 and MCP-1 expression. Atherosclerosis 2001; 159:17-26. [PMID: 11689202 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hematein is a compound isolated from Caesalpinia sappan that has been used in oriental medicine as both an analgesic and an anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, we examined the anti-atherogenic potential of hematein using cholesterol-fed New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. NZW rabbits were divided into a hematein-supplemented (0.05% in diet) group (n=6), a probucol-supplemented (0.25% in diet) group (n=6), and a control group (n=6). After 8 weeks of treatments, the extent of the atherosclerotic lesions was significantly reduced in the hematein-supplemented group and the probucol-supplemented group without changing plasma lipoprotein levels. Hematein and probucol prevented the up-regulation of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression on the descending aorta induced by cholesterol diet. In culture, hematein also significantly inhibited the secretion of soluble VCAM-1 and of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) respectively induced by tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and mildly oxidized low density lipoprotein in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) culture. Also, hematein inhibited monocyte adhesion to endothelial cell and the activation of NF-kappaB in HUVECs stimulated with TNF-alpha. The results of the present study suggest that the anti-atherogenic effect of hematein is not related to control of the plasma lipid profile but probably related to the inhibition of VCAM-1 and MCP-1 expression resulting in an amelioration of lesion development in the rabbit.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Arteriosclerosis/metabolism
- Arteriosclerosis/pathology
- Blotting, Northern
- Caesalpinia
- Cell Adhesion/drug effects
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL2/biosynthesis
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Hematoxylin/administration & dosage
- Hematoxylin/analogs & derivatives
- Hematoxylin/pharmacology
- Lipids/blood
- Lipoproteins, LDL/blood
- Male
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/pathology
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Plant Extracts/administration & dosage
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Probucol/pharmacology
- Rabbits
- Transcriptional Activation/drug effects
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Oh
- Genetic Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yusong P.O. Box 115, 305-600, Taejon, South Korea
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Shin SY, Lee YH, Baek SH, Kim SY, Kim JR, Kim JH. Effect of Phospholipase C-gamma1 Overexpression on the Protein Level of Waf1, PCNA, and Cyclin B1 Following Ultraviolet C Irradiation. Cancer Res Treat 2001; 33:427-32. [PMID: 26680818 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2001.33.5.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been demonstrated that PLC-gamma1 is overexpressed in many tumor cells, and that overexpression of Phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma1 is associated with tumor progression. In order to understand the effect of the PLC-gamma1 overexpression on the regulation of cell cycle regulators following DNA damage, we analyzed the expression level of PCNA, cyclin B1, and p21 Waf1 after ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation in PLC-gamma1-transfected PC12 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS PC12 and 3Y1 cells, transfected with empty vector or rat PLC-gamma1 cDNA, were used for this study. Following UVC irradiation, cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry and protein expression was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Waf1 protein was markedly down-regulated, whereas PCNA and cyclin B1 was up-regulated in PLC-gamma1 overexpressed-cells as compared to the vector transfected-cells. When the cells were irradiated with UVC, PCNA was slightly increased within 3-hours of the UV irradiation and then was markedly decreased in Vector/ PC12 cells, while it remained high until 37 hour after UVC in PLC-gamma1/PC12 cells. In contrast, cyclin B1 was gradually decreased following UVC irradiation in both cells. CONCLUSION The overexpression of PLC-gamma1 affects the expression level of PCNA after UVC irradiation. We proposed that the overexpression of PLC-gamma1 may contribute to the UV-induced genomic instability by up-regulating the expression of PCNA.
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Jang TJ, Park JH, Cho MY, Kim JR. Chemically induced rat mammary tumor treated with tamoxifen showed decreased expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and p21(Cip1). Cancer Lett 2001; 170:109-16. [PMID: 11463487 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of tamoxifen (TAM) on the growth of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary tumor and the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, p21(Cip1), and estrogen receptors (ER) by performing immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. When tumor size reached between 10 and 15mm in the largest dimension, the rats were divided into a DMBA-control group and a DMBA-TAM group. The administration of TAM markedly decreased the tumor development and showed decreased expression of bromodeoxyuridine, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and p21(Cip1) when compared with those of the DMBA-control group; however, a few tumors showed progressive growth in spite of TAM treatment. These tumors had decreased expression of ER. This study suggests that TAM suppresses tumor development through the down-expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Jang
- Department of Pathology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, #707, Sukjang-dong, Kyongju, Kyongbuk 780-714, South Korea.
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Abstract
Diabetic muscle infarction is a rare complication of diabetes and has characteristic clinical features including acute onset of pain with painful swelling, most commonly in the thigh or calf muscle, which gradually improves to complete resolution. Recently we experienced a case of diabetic muscular infarction presenting as knee joint pain due to involvement of the proximal portion of the leg muscle, which site has not been reported previously. This case shows that diabetic muscle infarction may involve sites other than the thigh and calf areas and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of knee arthralgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Chonbuk National University and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, South Korea
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