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Yang WP, Zhou JC, Zhang KN, Xu YW, Cai L, Gong YQ, Gong K. [Identification of the feature of immune cells infiltration in inherited renal carcinoma with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:3789-3793. [PMID: 34895418 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210521-01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the feature of immune cells infiltration in inherited renal carcinoma with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome and their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Methods: The samples were collected from patients with VHL syndrome renal carcinoma who were diagnosed and treated surgically at the Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital from 2010 to 2019. RNA-Seq was performed on 6 pairs of VHL syndrome renal carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues. To identify the specific infiltrated immune cells, RNA-Seq data was converted into the infiltration data of 14 types of immune cells using the TIP tool. Immunohistochemical staining was used to verify the expression of the markers of these specific infiltrated immune cells in the paraffin sections of 54 paired VHL syndrome renal carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues, and to analyze their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Results: Compared with adjacent normal tissues, CD4 Naive infiltration level was significantly down-regulated (0.289±0.009 vs 0.200±0.012,P<0.001) and CD4 Memory infiltration level was significantly up-regulated (0.123±0.014 vs 0.222±0.016,P<0.001) in VHL syndrome renal carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining results showed that CD45RA (a CD4 Naive cell marker) expression was significantly reduced (50.9±1.9 vs 15.6±0.9,P<0.001) and CD45RO (a CD4 Memory cell marker) expression was significantly increased (22.2±1.1 vs 80.8±4.3,P<0.001) in VHL syndrome renal carcinoma. Besides, lower CD45RA expression and higher CD45RO expression were associated with higher histological grade, advanced tumor stage and shorter disease-free survival (all P<0.01). In addition, CD45RA expression was positively correlated with VHL expression (r=0.693 3, P<0.000 1) and CD45RO expression was negatively correlated with VHL expression (r=-0.609 0, P<0.000 1). Conclusions: This study found that CD4 Naive and CD4 Memory cells may be differentially infiltrated immune cells in VHL syndrome renal carcinoma, and their infiltration levels were associated with the expression of VHL and the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - J C Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - K N Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y W Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - L Cai
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y Q Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - K Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Xu YW, Zhou JC, Xie HB, Yang WP, Li L, Zhang KN, Ma KF, Gong YQ, Zhang Z, Cai L, Gong K. [Clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:3784-3788. [PMID: 34895417 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210701-01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological, clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma (CCPRCC) based on Chinese patient population. Method: Patients with renal cell carcinoma diagnosed at Peking University First Hospital from June 2016 to June 2020 were included in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All cases were grouped according to CCPRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), and the general clinical, postoperative pathological and follow-up data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. Result: A total of 18 CCPRCC patients were enrolled in this study, accounting for 0.44% (18/4 110) of the postoperative pathologically confirmed renal cell carcinoma cases in our hospital during this time period. The age range of the included patients was 28-86 years old, with a median age of 49.5 years old. There were 11/18 males and 7/18 females. All CCPRCC patients had no family history of renal malignant tumors. Among them, only one patient with CCPRCC had related clinical symptoms, that was intermittent waist and abdomen pain, while the other 17 cases were found by physical examination without any related symptoms. Compared with ccRCC and pRCC, there was no significant difference in their end stage renal disease history(χ2ccRCC=0.291, χ2pRCC=1.161,all P>0.05). The maximum diameter of CCPRCC tumor was smaller than pRCC (χ2=-2.280,P =0.027) but not significantly different from ccRCC (χ2=-0.579,P =0.565). The majority of patients with CCPRCC were in pT1, their pathological stage was earlier than the other two types, and their overall survival was better than ccRCC and pRCC (P<0.05). Conclusion: CCPRCC is a type of renal cell carcinoma with unique epidemiology, clinicopathology and prognostic characteristics. Patients with this subtype have an earlier clinical stage and a better prognosis than ccRCC and pRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - J C Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - H B Xie
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - W P Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - K N Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - K F Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y Q Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - L Cai
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - K Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, the Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China
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Mo M, Chen MJ, Huang Y, Jiang W, Qin QH, Liang ZJ, Yang WP, Wei CY. [Esculin inhibits proliferation of triple negative breast cancer cells by down-regulating FBI-1]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:629-634. [PMID: 32867453 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20191001-00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of esculin on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods: MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 28, 56, 112, 225, 450 and 900 μmol/L of esculin for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, and the cell viability was detected by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay. In addition, MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 0, 225, 450 and 900 μmol/L of esculin for 48 h. And then the changes in cell morphology were observed by inverted microscope. The clone-forming ability was detected by colony formation assay. The mRNA expression levels of FBI-1, p53 and p21 were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression levels of FBI-1, p53, p21 and Ki67 were detected by western blot. Results: Compared with the blank control group, the cell viability of MDA-MB-231 cells that treated with esculin significantly decreased in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. After treatment with esculin, MDA-MB-231 cells shrunk, flattened, adhered poorly to the culture dish and the cell spacing became larger. Meanwhile, shedding and incomplete cells appeared, of which 900 μmol/L of esculin treatment group showed the most dramatic changes. In addition, the colony formation ratios were decreased to (77.18±5.13)%, (65.94±4.98)% and (45.92±3.70)% in the 225, 450 and 900 μmol/L of esculin treatment groups compared with blank control, respectively (P<0.01). Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expressions of FBI-1 increased, while the levels of p53 and p21 mRNA and protein, as well as the protein expression of Ki67 decreased in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.01). Conclusion: Esculin may regulate cell cycle-related p53-p21 pathway via FBI-1 mediated DNA replication, thus inhibit the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - M J Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - W Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Q H Qin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Z J Liang
- Breast Center, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - W P Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - C Y Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
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Huang H, Yang WP. [Advances in clinicopathology and molecular biology of soft tissue tumors in children]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 49:771-774. [PMID: 32610400 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200213-00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Huang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - W P Yang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
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Yang WP, Chang KTE, Xu HY, Kuick CH, Ng EHQ, Huang H, Xiong F, Wu Y, Zeng ST, Fan JX, Loh XY. [Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma with TSC2 gene mutations in children]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 49:693-698. [PMID: 32610380 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20191217-00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study clinical pathological characteristics, immunohistochemical, molecular genetical changes and prognosis in pediatric eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma (ESC RCC) with TSC2 gene mutations. Methods: The tissue samples were collected from two pediatric ESC RCC patients between 2017 and 2018. The tissues were subjected to histological examination and immunohistochemistry using EnVision system. The TFE3, TFEB gene rearrangements were tested using FISH and molecular genetic study. The paraffin sections were used for DNA extraction, PCR amplification and NGS sequencing. Results: The two patients with ESC RCC were both male, aged at 9 years and 8 months, and 13 years, respectively. The tumors were from the right kidney, 5 cm and 7 cm in size, respectively, with solid and cystic changes in cross section, and grey-reddish or grey-whitish fish meat appearance. Microscopic observation revealed the tumors had fibrous capsules, which were infiltrated by the tumor cells. The tumor cells were diffusely distributed, round-shaped, or polygon-shaped, and had voluminous cytoplasm, eosinophilic cytoplasm, various sizes of vacuoles and clear cell-like appearance. There were papillary structures in some areas, with visible fiber septa. The nuclei were round and vesicular, with multi-nucleated cells and megakaryocytes. The mitoses were not seen. A few cystic structures were visible in different sizes, and capsule walls were covered with a single layer of spike-like tumor cells. Thick-walled blood vessels were seen in the stroma, with focal lymphocytic infiltration, eosinophilic necrosis, calcifications and cholesterol crystals. Immunohistochemistry of the tumor cells was positive for PAX8 (diffuse), CK20 (focal), CKpan (focal), CK10 (1 focal, 1 diffuse), INI1, vimentin, CD68, and Ki-67 (5%~10%); the tumor cells were negative for HMB45, S-100, Melan A, p53, desmin, TFE3, CK7, CK19, EMA, CD56, CgA, Syn, CD30, CD117, WT1 and SMA. Molecular genetic study showed that TFE3 and TFEB gene rearrangements were not detected by FISH. NGS sequencing showed TSC2 p.Lys574Ter (0.198) was found in patient one and TSC2 p.Arg406Ter (0.355) in patient two. Conclusions: ESC RCC in children is a rare disease, and can be misdiagnosed easily. It has unique pathological characteristics, and immunohistochemical, molecular and genetic changes. The prognosis is relatively good.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - K T E Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - H Y Xu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - C H Kuick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - E H Q Ng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - H Huang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - F Xiong
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - S T Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - J X Fan
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - X Y Loh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
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Mao AY, Chen MJ, Jiang W, Wang L, Qin QH, Tan QX, Yang WP, Wei CY. [Analyses of the Expression of FBI-1 in Breast Cancer Pre- and Pro-neoadjuvant Chemotherapy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 98:3751-3755. [PMID: 30541216 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.46.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression of factor that binds to inducer of short transcripts-1 of HIV (FBI-1)in breast cancer pre- and pro-neoadjuvant chemotherapy and explore the relationship between FBI-1 expression and treatment efficacy. Methods: We collected 50 patients with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before operation in the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January, 2010 to December, 2014. The expression of FBI-1 in breast cancer tissues pre- and pro-neoadjuvant chemotherapy was detected by immunohistochemical staining. We compared the level of FBI-1 expression pre- and pro-neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and tried to explore its relationship with patient and tumor characteristics and treatment efficacy. Results: (1) The rate of upregulated expression of FBI-1 in breast cancer tissues was 70% (35/50). The upregulated expression of FBI-1 was related to the higher clinical stage and trend of lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), whereas not related to the age and expression of ER, PR, Ki-67, and Her-2(P>0.05); (2) the setting of FBI-1 lower expression pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy had superior treatment outcome than the high expression setting based on either clinical assessment (86.7% vs 51.4%, P=0.027) or pathological assessment(80.0% vs 28.6%, P=0.001); (3) the rate of upregulated FBI-1 expression was significantly decreased post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy(70.0% vs 38.0%, P=0.004), with FBI-1 expression of 22 patients downregulated (62.9%); (4) the expression of FBI-1 in responded setting was significantly decreased than that in the non-responded setting based on either clinical (77.4% vs 26.3%, P=0.001) or pathological (72.7% vs 39.3%, P=0.024) assessment. The downregulation of FBI-1 was correlated to either clinical efficacy (r=0.440, P<0.01) or pathological efficacy (r=0.491, P<0.05) of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: In breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the upregulated expression of FBI-1 in breast cancer lesion is associated with clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. The neoadjuvant chemotherapy can significantly reduce the expression of FBI-1. The upregulated expression of FBI-1 may be predictive of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, and has predictive value for the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Mao
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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Huang H, Wu Y, Fan JX, Yang WP, Zeng ST, Xu HY, Xiong F. [WT1-positive congential mesoblastic nephroma: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:969-970. [PMID: 30522186 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Ding CY, Guo Z, Sun J, Yang WP, Li TR. [Prognostic value of pretreatment (18)F-FDG PET-CT for patients with advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2018; 40:528-533. [PMID: 30060362 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) measured by pretreatment (18)F-FDG PET-CT in patients with stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: Clinical data of 72 DLBCL patients with stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ disease undergoing a pretreatment PET-CT scan were retrospectively analyzed. SUVmax, MTV and TLG values of whole-body tumor were calculated from PET-CT images with a threshold of SUVmax 40% of tumor tissues. The optimal cutoff lines of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were obtained by ROC curve analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used to perform univariate survival analysis, while Cox proportional hazards model was done for multivariate analysis. Results: The SUVmax, MTV and TLG of 72 patients were 21.64, 139.48 cm(3) and 1 413.77, respectively. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were 0.411 (95%CI=0.279~0.544, P=0.195), 0.688 (95%CI=0.566~0.811, P=0.006) and 0.526 (95%CI= 0.469~0.672, P=0.123), respectively. The median SUVmax (21.64) and TLG(1 413.77) were used as the cutoff lines due to smaller AUC. The cutoff point of MTV was 69.71 cm(3). For DLBCL patients of stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ disease, univariate analysis showed that SUVmax and TLG were not associated with the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (P>0.05 for all). Multivariate analysis showed that National Comprehensive Cancer Network International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI) but not MTV was the independent prognostic predictor of PFS and OS (P<0.05 for all). And MTV was not the independent prognostic factor of PFS and OS for stage Ⅲ DLBCL (P>0.05 for all). Conclusions: For DLBCL patients with stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ disease, the prognostic value of SUVmax, MTV and TLG before treatment initiation are undetermined, and these indices cannot be used to predict the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ding
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Z Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W P Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - T R Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Ding CY, Yang WP, Guo Z, Sun J, Li YY, Li TR. [Evaluate the value of (18)F-FDG PET-CT imaging in predicting the mutationsin epidermal growth factor receptor in lung adenocarcinoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2017; 39:528-531. [PMID: 28728300 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the value of maximum Standardized Uptake Value(SUVmax), Metabolic Tumor Volume (MTV) and Total Lesion Glycolysis (TLG) calculated from (18)F-FDG PET-CT in predicting the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 137 lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutations testing and pretreatment (18)F-FDG PET-CT. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to quantify the predictive value of SUVmax、MTV、TLG. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of EGFR mutation. Results: Among 137 lung adenocarcinoma patients, 86(62.8%, 86/137) were identified with EGFR mutations. The SUVmax, MTV and TLG were 7.4, 5.28 cm(3,) 20.20, respectively. The optimal cut-off values of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were 7.99(AUC=0.658, 95% CI=0.566~0.752, P=0.002), 6.09 cm(3)(AUC=0.644, 95% CI=0.550~0.737, P=0.005), 35.08(AUC=0.650, 95% CI= 0.557~0.744, P=0.003), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that TLG and smoking status were the most significant predictors of EGFR mutation(all P<0.05). Conclusion: TLG in (18)F-FDG PET/CT is an independent factor for predicting EGFR mutation in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and has certain reference value for predicting EGFR mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ding
- Nuclear Medicine department, the First Affiliated Hospital of NanjingMedical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W P Yang
- Nuclear Medicine department, the First Affiliated Hospital of NanjingMedical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Z Guo
- Nuclear Medicine department, the First Affiliated Hospital of NanjingMedical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Sun
- Nuclear Medicine department, the First Affiliated Hospital of NanjingMedical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Y Li
- Nuclear Medicine department, the First Affiliated Hospital of NanjingMedical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - T R Li
- Nuclear Medicine department, the First Affiliated Hospital of NanjingMedical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Yang WP, Wu HY, Zhang W, Chen GS, Chen WJ, Li H, Song JM, An HB, Xu JL, Zhao WY, Wang YZ, Cui LY, An Z, Tao J, He LJ. [Consensus on pathologic diagnosis of Wilms' tumor in children]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2017; 46:149-154. [PMID: 28297753 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yi FX, Yu YH, Wei CY, Yang WP, Qin QH, Tan QX, Mo QG, Huang Z, Lian B. [Efficacy observation of (125)I seed implantation therapy for locoregional recurrent and metastatic breast cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2016; 38:472-5. [PMID: 27346407 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and side effects of (125)I seed implantation for locoregional recurrent and metastatic breast cancer, and to discuss its role in the comprehensive therapy of breast cancer. METHODS Forty-three patients with locoregional recurrent or metastatic breast cancer were included in this study. They received (125)I seed implantation and were followed up to evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions of the treatment. RESULTS Among 54 lesions in the 43 cases, there were complete response (CR) in 39, partial response (PR) in 13, stable disease (SD) in 2 patients, with a response rate of 96.3%. All 17 cases with local pain achieved pain relief. With a median follow up of 36 months (range 14 to 60 months), the 1-, 3-, and 5-year local control rate was 85.2%, 53.7% and 1.9%, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rate was 95.3%, 67.4% and 37.2%, respectively. No serious radiotherapy side effect was observed. CONCLUSION In patients with unresectable locoregional recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, (125)I seed implantation shows proved efficacy and few complications, and can be an important treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- F X Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Y H Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - C Y Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - W P Yang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Q H Qin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Q X Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Q G Mo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Z Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - B Lian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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Zhang L, Yang WP, Wu LY, Zhu X, Wei CY. Expression and clinical significance of Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1 in breast cancer. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7294. [PMID: 27323010 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to explore the expression and clinical significance of Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in breast cancer tissue. Eighty-one breast cancer patients having undergone surgical treatment in our hospital between March 2002 and December 2008 were enrolled in this study. Normal tissue adjacent to tumors was used for the control samples. Diagnoses for all patients were confirmed by postoperative pathological examination. Immunohistochemical assays were used to measure the expression of Keap1 protein in breast cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue, and its clinical significance was explored. We observed that 24.6% breast cancer tissue samples were positive for Keap1, a significantly lower proportion than that seen with adjacent normal tissue specimens (80.2%; P < 0.05). The presence of Keap1 expression did not correlate with age, tumor size, pathological classification, or degree of differentiation. However, it was found to be significantly associated with tumor-node-metastasis stage and the presence of lymphatic metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a remarkably higher five-year survival rate among patients with positive Keap1 expression than in those lacking detectable levels of the protein (P = 0.032). Keap1 expression is significantly decreased in breast cancer tissue; therefore, the early detection of its expression might have great significance in determining prognosis for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - W P Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - L Y Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - X Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - C Y Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Lai WS, Yang WP, Shih YL, Liu HC. ACP is a national social movement - the effectiveness of life education programs for school children: a preliminary study. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000053.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Huang SL, Chin WK, Yang WP. Viscosity, particle size distribution, and structural investigation of tetramethyloxysilane/2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate sols during the sol-gel process with acid and base catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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16
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Whitney G, Wang S, Chang H, Cheng KY, Lu P, Zhou XD, Yang WP, McKinnon M, Longphre M. A new siglec family member, siglec-10, is expressed in cells of the immune system and has signaling properties similar to CD33. Eur J Biochem 2001; 268:6083-96. [PMID: 11733002 DOI: 10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02543.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The siglecs (sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectins) are a distinct subset of the Ig superfamily with adhesion-molecule-like structure. We describe here a novel member of the siglec protein family that shares a similar structure including five Ig-like domains, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail containing two ITIM-signaling motifs. Siglec-10 was identified through database mining of an asthmatic eosinophil EST library. Using the Stanford G3 radiation hybrid panel we were able to localize the genomic sequence of siglec-10 within the cluster of genes on chromosome 19q13.3-4 that encode other siglec family members. We have demonstrated that siglec-10 is an immune system-restricted membrane-bound protein that is highly expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes as demonstrated by Northern, RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Binding assays determined that the extracellular domain of siglec-10 was capable of binding to peripheral blood leukocytes. The cytoplasmic tail of siglec-10 contains four tyrosines, two of which are embedded in ITIM-signaling motifs (Y597 and Y667) and are likely involved in intracellular signaling. The ability of tyrosine kinases to phosphorylate the cytoplasmic tyrosines was evaluated by kinase assay using wild-type siglec-10 cytoplasmic domain and Y-->F mutants. The majority of the phosphorylation could be attributed to Y597 andY667. Further experiments with cell extracts suggest that SHP-1 interacts with Y667 and SHP-2 interacts with Y667 in addition to another tyrosine. This is very similar to CD33, which also binds the phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2, therefore siglec-10, as CD33, may be characterized as an inhibitory receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Whitney
- Inflammation and Pulmonary Drug Discovery Department, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
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17
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Wu FY, Fu MG, Pan SS, Yang WP. [Studies on the spectroscopic property of p-hydroxyphenol derivatives]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2001; 21:811-813. [PMID: 12958902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the paper, properties of p-hydroxyphenol derivatives are described. The results prove that p-hydroxyphenol derivatives with different function groups show different spectroscopic properties. Some methods will be proposed to analyze a series of p-hydroxyphenol derivatives in blood or urine so as to identify the cancer mark.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Wu
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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18
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Yang WP, O'Flaherty B, Cholli AL. Fast analysis of water samples for detection of anions by capillary zone electrophoresis. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2001; 36:1271-1285. [PMID: 11545352 DOI: 10.1081/ese-100104877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method with relatively low separation voltage and short capillary length, using indirect UV detection was developed for the fast and quantitative determination of Cl-, NO2-, SO4(2-), NO3-, F- and HCO3- in potable water samples. Baseline separation of inorganic and organic anions was achieved within 1 min. The optimal carrier electrolyte consisted of 6.0 mM sodium chromate, 2.5 mM CTAB and 3.5% acetonitrile at pH 9.0. The effects of pH and the concentrations of electrolyte and flow modifiers on the resolution were investigated. Two injection methods, gravity and electrokinetic, were compared. The application of electrokinetic injection, using pyroglutamic acid as an internal standard was found to provide a method that is fast, sensitive and quantitative, with an R.S.D. for migration times from 0.1% to 0.3% and for peak areas from 1.8% to 4.1%. The limits of detection were 0.08 mg/L Cl-, 0.3 mg/L NO2-, 0.1 mg/L SO4(2-), 0.1 mg/L NO3-, 0.07 mg/L F-, and 0.3 mg/L HCO3-. This method has been successfully applied to determine Cl-, NO2-, SO4(2-), NO3-, F-, HCO3- in municipal water, surface water and bottled water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Center for Advanced Materials, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 01854, USA
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Hsiang B, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Wu Y, Sasseville V, Yang WP, Kirchgessner TG. A novel human hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP2). Identification of a liver-specific human organic anion transporting polypeptide and identification of rat and human hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor transporters. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:37161-8. [PMID: 10601278 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.52.37161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 443] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel human organic transporter, OATP2, has been identified that transports taurocholic acid, the adrenal androgen dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and thyroid hormone, as well as the hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor, pravastatin. OATP2 is expressed exclusively in liver in contrast to all other known transporter subtypes that are found in both hepatic and nonhepatic tissues. OATP2 is considerably diverged from other family members, sharing only 42% sequence identity with the four other subtypes. Furthermore, unlike other subtypes, OATP2 did not transport digoxin or aldosterone. The rat isoform oatp1 was also shown to transport pravastatin, whereas other members of the OATP family, i.e. rat oatp2, human OATP, and the prostaglandin transporter, did not. Cis-inhibition studies indicate that both OATP2 and roatp1 also transport other statins including lovastatin, simvastatin, and atorvastatin. In summary, OATP2 is a novel organic anion transport protein that has overlapping but not identical substrate specificities with each of the other subtypes and, with its liver-specific expression, represents a functionally distinct OATP isoform. Furthermore, the identification of oatp1 and OATP2 as pravastatin transporters suggests that they are responsible for the hepatic uptake of this liver-specific hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor in rat and man.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hsiang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, USA
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20
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Yang WP, Levesque PC, Little WA, Conder ML, Ramakrishnan P, Neubauer MG, Blanar MA. Functional expression of two KvLQT1-related potassium channels responsible for an inherited idiopathic epilepsy. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:19419-23. [PMID: 9677360 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.31.19419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign familial neonatal convulsions (BFNC), a class of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder of newborns. BFNC has been linked to mutations in two putative K+ channel genes, KCNQ2 and KCNQ3. Amino acid sequence comparison reveals that both genes share strong homology to KvLQT1, the potassium channel encoded by KCNQ1, which is responsible for over 50% of inherited long QT syndrome. Here we describe the cloning, functional expression, and characterization of K+ channels encoded by KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 cDNAs. Individually, expression of KCNQ2 or KCNQ3 in Xenopus oocytes elicits voltage-gated, rapidly activating K+-selective currents similar to KCNQ1. However, unlike KCNQ1, KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 currents are not augmented by coexpression with the KCNQ1 beta subunit, KCNE1 (minK, IsK). Northern blot analyses reveal that KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 exhibit similar expression patterns in different regions within the brain. Interestingly, coexpression of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 results in a substantial synergistic increase in current amplitude. Coexpression of KCNE1 with the two channels strongly suppressed current amplitude and slowed kinetics of activation. The pharmacological and biophysical properties of the K+ currents observed in the coinjected oocytes differ somewhat from those observed after injecting either KCNQ2 or KCNQ3 by itself. The functional interaction between KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 provides a framework for understanding how mutations in either channel can cause a form of idiopathic generalized epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, USA
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21
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Kontos CD, Stauffer TP, Yang WP, York JD, Huang L, Blanar MA, Meyer T, Peters KG. Tyrosine 1101 of Tie2 is the major site of association of p85 and is required for activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt. Mol Cell Biol 1998; 18:4131-40. [PMID: 9632797 PMCID: PMC108997 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.18.7.4131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/1997] [Accepted: 04/28/1998] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tie2 is an endothelium-specific receptor tyrosine kinase that is required for both normal embryonic vascular development and tumor angiogenesis and is thought to play a role in vascular maintenance. However, the signaling pathways responsible for the function of Tie2 remain unknown. In this report, we demonstrate that the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) associates with Tie2 and that this association confers functional lipid kinase activity. Mutation of tyrosine 1101 of Tie2 abrogated p85 association both in vitro and in vivo in yeast. Tie2 was found to activate PI3-kinase in vivo as demonstrated by direct measurement of increases in cellular phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3, 4-bisphosphate, by plasma membrane translocation of a green fluorescent protein-Akt pleckstrin homology domain fusion protein, and by downstream activation of the Akt kinase. Activation of PI3-kinase was abrogated in these assays by mutation of Y1101 to phenylalanine, consistent with a requirement for this residue for p85 association with Tie2. These results suggest that activation of PI3-kinase and Akt may in part account for Tie2's role in both embryonic vascular development and pathologic angiogenesis, and they are consistent with a role for Tie2 in endothelial cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Kontos
- Departments of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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22
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Abstract
ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels are implicated in the coupling of metabolic energy to membrane potential, thereby regulating many essential cell functions. Here, we demonstrate that a subunit of human KATP channel, KCNJ8/Kir6.1, is expressed preferentially in the human heart. Somatic cell-hybrid mapping and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) localize human KCNJ8 to the short arm of human chromosome 12, at 12p12. Partial characterization of the human Kir6. 1 gene demonstrates that there is one large intron in the coding region and at least two additional introns in the 5' untranslated region resulting in transcripts that have differential expression in human tissues examined. Our studies provide information on the complexity of the Kir6.1 transcript in the 5' UTR that may be useful for future investigations on the tissue-specific regulation and function of this KATP channel gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Erginel-Unaltuna
- Department of Cardiovascular Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Route 206, Provinceline Road, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
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23
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations that map to the KvLQT1 gene on human chromosome 11 account for more than 50% of inherited long QT syndrome (LQTS). It has been discovered recently that the KvLQT1 and minK proteins functionally interact to generate a current with biophysical properties similar to I(Ks), the slowly activating delayed-rectifier cardiac potassium current. Since I(Ks) modulates the repolarization of cardiac action potentials it is reasonable to hypothesize that mutations in KvLQT1 reduce I(Ks), resulting in the prolongation of cardiac action potential duration. METHODS AND RESULTS We expressed LQTS-associated KvLQT1 mutants in Xenopus oocytes either individually or in combination with wild-type KvLQT1 or in combination with both wild-type KvLQT1 and minK. Substitutions of alanine with proline in the S2-S3 cytoplasmic loop (A177P) or threonine with isoleucine in the highly conserved signature sequence of the pore (T311I) yield inactive channels when expressed individually, whereas substitution of leucine with phenylalanine in the S5 transmembrane domain (L272F) yields a functional channel with reduced macroscopic conductance. However, all these mutants inhibit wild-type KvLQT1 currents in a dominant-negative fashion. CONCLUSIONS In LQTS-affected individuals these mutations would be predicted to result in a diminution of the cardiac I(Ks) current, subsequent prolongation of cardiac repolarization, and an increased risk of arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Shalaby
- Department of Cardiovascular Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
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Yang WP, Levesque PC, Little WA, Conder ML, Shalaby FY, Blanar MA. KvLQT1, a voltage-gated potassium channel responsible for human cardiac arrhythmias. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:4017-21. [PMID: 9108097 PMCID: PMC20560 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.8.4017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical features of long QT syndrome result from episodic life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, specifically the polymorphic ventricular tachycardia torsades de pointes. KVLQT1 has been established as the human chromosome 11-linked gene responsible for more than 50% of inherited long QT syndrome. Here we describe the cloning of a full-length KVLQT1 cDNA and its functional expression. KVLQT1 encodes a 676-amino acid polypeptide with structural characteristics similar to voltage-gated potassium channels. Expression of KvLQT1 in Xenopus oocytes and in human embryonic kidney cells elicits a rapidly activating, K+-selective outward current. The I(Kr)-specific blockers, E-4031 and dofetilide, do not inhibit KvLQT1, whereas clofilium, a class III antiarrhythmic agent with the propensity to induce torsades de pointes, substantially inhibits the current. Elevation of cAMP levels in oocytes nearly doubles the amplitude of KvLQT1 currents. Coexpression of minK with KvLQT1 results in a conductance with pharmacological and biophysical properties more similar to I(Ks) than other known delayed rectifier K+ currents in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
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25
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Parren PW, Fisicaro P, Labrijn AF, Binley JM, Yang WP, Ditzel HJ, Barbas CF, Burton DR. In vitro antigen challenge of human antibody libraries for vaccine evaluation: the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope. J Virol 1996; 70:9046-50. [PMID: 8971041 PMCID: PMC191009 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.70.12.9046-9050.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human antibody responses, or versions thereof, can be cloned as phage display libraries. In vaccine evaluation, the possibility therefore exists of challenging the human response in vitro, rather than in vivo, in order to assist in establishing the most promising vaccine leads. The characteristics of the antibodies retrieved directly indicate the strengths and weaknesses of the vaccine at the molecular level. We applied this approach to compare recombinant and native human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope preparations. We conclude that recombinant gp160, gp140, and, to a lesser extent, gp120 present epitopes around the CD4 binding site in a conformation different from that of the native multimer and contrary to expected vaccine requirements. Antibodies to the potently neutralizing b12 epitope were selected preferentially from an immune library by purified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions. This suggests that b12 is a major epitope on the virions, in contrast to recombinant envelope preparations, in which related, weakly neutralizing epitopes predominate. Although the majority of virions in the preparation used are expected to be noninfective, it appears that they predominantly express a native envelope configuration and would be able to elicit potent neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Parren
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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26
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Luo LX, Yang WP, Wang CX. [Postoperative nursing of 21 patients with severe compound organic abdominal wound]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1996; 31:640-2. [PMID: 9304920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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27
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Wu W, Oshida Y, Yang WP, Li L, Ohsawa I, Sato J, Iwao S, Johansson BL, Wahren J, Sato Y. Effect of C-peptide administration on whole body glucose utilization in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Acta Physiol Scand 1996; 157:253-8. [PMID: 8800366 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-201x.1996.489236000.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that C-peptide stimulates glucose transport in isolated skeletal muscle. In order to determine the effect of C-peptide on whole body glucose utilization, streptozotocin (60 mg kg-1) (STZ)-induced diabetic and normal rats were studied using the euglycaemic clamp procedure and continuous infusion of somatostatin (1.0 micrograms kg-1 min-1) in pentobarbital-anaesthetized rats. Plasma insulin levels during the 6.0- and 30.0-mU kg-1 min-1 insulin infusions rose to 70-90 microU mL-1 and 500-700 microU mL-1, respectively. Blood glucose concentrations were clamped at 7.5-7.9 mmol L-1 in the diabetic rats and at basal levels or 7.7 mmol L-1 in the non-diabetic (normal) rats. Biosynthetic human C-peptide (0.5 nmol kg-1 min-1) was infused in 12 diabetic and 11 normal rats, resulting in concentrations of 26-41 nmol L-1. The metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCR) for the diabetic rats receiving C-peptide (12.0 +/- 1.0 mL kg-1 min-1) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than that in the diabetic rats given saline (6.3 +/- 0.7 mL kg-1 min-1) or a randomly scrambled C-peptide (7.8 +/- 1.3 mL kg-1 min-1) at low-dose insulin infusion but not at the high-dose insulin infusion. In normal rats C-peptide did not significantly increase the MCR for glucose. These results thus demonstrate that C-peptide has the capacity to increase glucose utilization in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wu
- Research Centre of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Japan
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Yang WP, Shyu SS, Lee ES, Chao AC. Effects of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Content and Calcination Temperature on the Characteristics of Unsupported Alumina Membrane. SEP SCI TECHNOL 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/01496399608006954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yang WP, Green K, Pinz-Sweeney S, Briones AT, Burton DR, Barbas CF. CDR walking mutagenesis for the affinity maturation of a potent human anti-HIV-1 antibody into the picomolar range. J Mol Biol 1995; 254:392-403. [PMID: 7490758 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1995.0626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We describe the investigation of methodologies for the creation of very high affinity human antibodies. The high affinity human antibody b4/12 was optimized for its affinity to the human envelope glycoprotein gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Five libraries of b4/12 were constructed by saturation mutagenesis of complementarity-determining regions (CDRs). Libraries of antibody Fab fragments were displayed on the surface of filamentous phage and selected in vitro for binding to immobilized gp120. Sequential and parallel optimization strategies of CDRs were examined. The sequential CDR walking strategy consistently yielded b4/12 variants of improved affinity in each of the four different optimization sequences examined. This resulted in a 96-fold improvement in affinity. Additivity effects in the antibody combining site were explored by combining independently optimized CDRs in the parallel optimization strategy. Six variants containing optimized CDRs were constructed. Improvement of affinity based on additivity effects proved to be unpredictable but did lead to a modest improvement in affinity. Indeed, only one of the six combinations demonstrated additivity. The highest affinity Fab prepared using this strategy was improved 420-fold in affinity. The affinity of this Fab was 15 pM as compared to 6.3 nM for b4/12. Examination of the kinetics of Fab binding to gp120 revealed that improvements in affinity were dominated by a slowing of the off-rate of the Fab. The methodology presented here provides a route for the improvement of the affinities of antibodies typical of tertiary immune responses into the picomolar range. Such improvements may have profound effects on the utility of antibodies as therapeutic and prophylactic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Tang W, Ruknudin A, Yang WP, Shaw SY, Knickerbocker A, Kurtz S. Functional expression of a vertebrate inwardly rectifying K+ channel in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 1995; 6:1231-40. [PMID: 8534918 PMCID: PMC301279 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.6.9.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the expression of gpIRK1, an inwardly rectifying K+ channel obtained from guinea pig cardiac cDNA. gpIRK1 is a homologue of the mouse IRK1 channel identified in macrophage cells. Expression of gpIRK1 in Xenopus oocytes produces inwardly rectifying K+ current, similar to the cardiac inward rectifier current IK1. This current is blocked by external Ba2+ and Cs+. Plasmids containing the gpIRK1 coding region under the transcriptional control of constitutive (PGK) or inducible (GAL) promoters were constructed for expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Several observations suggest that gpIRK1 forms functional ion channels when expressed in yeast. gpIRK1 complements a trk1 delta trk2 delta strain, which is defective in potassium uptake. Expression of gpIRK1 in this mutant restores growth on low potassium media. Growth dependent on gpIRK1 is inhibited by external Cs+. The strain expressing gpIRK1 provides a versatile genetic system for studying the assembly and composition of inwardly rectifying K+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Tang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, USA
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31
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Abstract
Ca2+ channels were studied in cell-attached recordings from the basolateral membrane of the bullfrog saccular hair cells with the EPC-9 patch-clamp system. Pipettes contained 110 mM Ba2+ and the membrane potential was zeroed with isotonic potassium aspartate. Data acquisition and analysis were performed using E9SCREEN and M2LAB software. L-type channel was distinguished by a single-channel conductance of 26 pS, activation range between -10 and +40 mV and intense activity even at a holding potential of -40 mV. The L-type channel showed characteristic bursts of brief openings (mode 1) interrupted occasionally by longer openings (mode 2). Bay K 8644 promoted the mode 2 activity and nifedipine inhibited L-type channel activity. Another type of calcium channels, 20 pS channel, was detected by -50 to +10 mV depolarizing steps from a holding potential of -40 or -80 mV. This channel was insensitive to dihydropyridines and resembled the N-type channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z L Su
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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32
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Abstract
Libraries of the zinc finger DNA binding protein, Zif268, have been constructed and selected for affinity and specificity toward DNA targets using the phage display technique (Wu et al., 1995). Mutant proteins were purified to homogeneity and were characterized for their ability to interact with their DNA targets using a real-time biomolecular interaction assay (BIA). One mutant protein, C7, bound the Zif268 consensus binding sequence with a 13-fold increase in affinity as compared to the wild-type Zif268 protein. Mutant proteins with moderate affinity for new DNA targets within a consensus sequence of HIV-1 have also been obtained. Surface plasmon resonance based BIA has provided invaluable kinetic information which offers insights into the mechanism of protein-DNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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33
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Abstract
Combinatorial IgG Fab phage display libraries prepared from a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) donor and a healthy donor were affinity selected against human placental DNA. Human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments specific for DNA were isolated from both libraries, although Fabs of the highest affinity were isolated only from the lupus library. Generally, apparent affinities of the Fabs for human placental DNA, purified double-stranded DNA, and denatured DNA were approximately equivalent. Surface plasmon resonance indicated Fab binding constants for a double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide of 0.2-1.3 x 10(8) M-1. The higher-affinity Fabs, as ranked by binding to human placental DNA or to the oligonucleotide probe, tested positive in the Crithidia luciliae assay commonly used in the diagnosis of SLE, and interestingly the genes encoding the heavy-chain variable regions of these antibodies displayed evidence of only minimal somatic hypermutation. The heavy chains of the SLE Fabs were characterized by a predominance of basic residues toward the N terminus of complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3). The crucial role of heavy-chain CDR3 (HCDR3) in high-affinity DNA recognition was suggested by the creation of DNA binding in an unrelated antibody by HCDR3 transplantation from SLE antibodies. We propose that high-affinity DNA-binding antibodies can arise in SLE without extensive somatic hypermutation in the variable-region genes because of the expression of inappropriate HCDR3s.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Barbas
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Yang WP, Oshida Y, Wu W, Sato J, Ohsawa I, Sato Y. Effect of daily voluntary running on in vivo insulin action in rat skeletal muscle and adipose tissue as determined by the microdialysis technique. Int J Sports Med 1995; 16:99-104. [PMID: 7751085 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-972973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The effect of physical training on in vivo insulin-stimulated glucose utilization in relation to glycolysis (lactate formation) in rat peripheral tissues was investigated in 8 sedentary controls (SC) and 7 voluntary running rats (VR). We used a sequential euglycemic clamp procedure (insulin infusion rate; 6.0, 30.0 mU/kg.min) in combination with a microdialysis technique in M. quadriceps femoris, vastus lateralis, and inguinal adipose tissue. In the clamp study, glucose infusion rate (GIR) averaged over 45-75 min during the 6.0-mU/kg.min insulin infusion was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in VR (15.36 +/- 0.83 mg/kg.min, mean +/- SE) than in SC (10.41 +/- 0.88 mg/kg.min), and the lack of a significant difference in GIR between VR and SC was found during the 30.0-mU/kg.min insulin infusion. In these tissues, there was no significant difference in dialysate lactate levels between VR and SC in the basal state without insulin or glucose infusion, or at an insulin infusion rate of 30.0 mU/kg.min. However, dialysate lactate concentrations in muscle averaged over 45-75 min during the 6.0-mU/kg.min insulin clamp procedure in VR (8.51 +/- 0.71 mg/dl) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in SC (6.18 +/- 0.48 mg/dl). These results indicated that insulin action in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue could be evaluated in vivo by using the microdialysis technique, and that an increase in GIR in VR was, in part, explained by an increase in lactate formation in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Japan
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35
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Abstract
A phage display approach was utilized to modify the specificity of each of the three fingers of the murine transcription factor Zif268. Selections were performed by using the consensus binding sequence of the natural protein and a conserved sequence in the genome of the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus. By using an extensive randomization strategy, the entire 3-bp specificity of a finger has been changed. Rapid analysis of selected zinc fingers was facilitated by the development of an immunoscreening assay for DNA binding and specificity. To investigate the mechanism of binding and specificity, the binding kinetics of Zif268 and 10 selected variants were determined in real time with an assay based on surface plasmon resonance. Differential mechanisms for sequence-specific recognition were observed. No evidence in support of a single general coding relationship between zinc finger and target DNA sequence was observed. The prospects for the development of this class of proteins in human therapy are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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36
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Ditzel HJ, Binley JM, Moore JP, Sodroski J, Sullivan N, Sawyer LS, Hendry RM, Yang WP, Barbas CF, Burton DR. Neutralizing recombinant human antibodies to a conformational V2- and CD4-binding site-sensitive epitope of HIV-1 gp120 isolated by using an epitope-masking procedure. J Immunol 1995; 154:893-906. [PMID: 7529290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
As part of the goal of assembling a mixture of neutralizing human mAbs for possible prophylaxis and therapy of HIV-1 disease, we describe a strategy by which neutralizing human Abs to a weakly immunogenic epitope can be accessed. From a phage display library derived from an asymptomatic HIV-1 seropositive donor, a panel of recombinant Fabs against the CD4 binding site (CD4bs) of gp120 was retrieved by affinity selection using recombinant gp120 (strain LAI). Two Fabs corresponding to the dominant clones were used to mask the CD4bs epitope(s) before repeating the selection procedure. Four Fabs were then retrieved that had novel heavy chain sequences. Three recognized a novel epitope distinct from that recognized by conventional CD4bs Abs and were defined by the following criteria: 1) second V region (V2 region) dependence indicated by sensitivity to amino acid changes in the V2 loop and by competition with murine anti-V2 mAbs; 2) CD4bs dependence indicated by sensitivity to amino acid changes usually associated with CD4 binding and by inhibition of Fab binding to gp120 by soluble CD4; this dependence seemed to arise via conformational changes rather than by direct binding, as CD4bs Abs enhanced binding of two of the novel Fabs and, in a reversal of the competition format, the novel Fabs did not inhibit soluble CD4 binding to gp120; and 3) equivalent binding to glycosylated and deglycosylated gp120 and significant, although much reduced, binding to denatured gp120 in contrast with CD4bs Abs, which do not bind to deglycosylated or denatured gp120. One of the novel Fabs efficiently neutralized the MN and LAI strains of HIV-1. These results indicate the presence of a novel neutralizing conformational epitope on gp120 sensitive to the V2 loop and the CD4bs and further highlight the conformational flexibility of gp120. The strategy of masking highly immunogenic epitopes with Abs to rescue a broader range of specific Abs from combinatorial libraries should be widely applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Ditzel
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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37
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Ditzel HJ, Binley JM, Moore JP, Sodroski J, Sullivan N, Sawyer LS, Hendry RM, Yang WP, Barbas CF, Burton DR. Neutralizing recombinant human antibodies to a conformational V2- and CD4-binding site-sensitive epitope of HIV-1 gp120 isolated by using an epitope-masking procedure. The Journal of Immunology 1995. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.154.2.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
As part of the goal of assembling a mixture of neutralizing human mAbs for possible prophylaxis and therapy of HIV-1 disease, we describe a strategy by which neutralizing human Abs to a weakly immunogenic epitope can be accessed. From a phage display library derived from an asymptomatic HIV-1 seropositive donor, a panel of recombinant Fabs against the CD4 binding site (CD4bs) of gp120 was retrieved by affinity selection using recombinant gp120 (strain LAI). Two Fabs corresponding to the dominant clones were used to mask the CD4bs epitope(s) before repeating the selection procedure. Four Fabs were then retrieved that had novel heavy chain sequences. Three recognized a novel epitope distinct from that recognized by conventional CD4bs Abs and were defined by the following criteria: 1) second V region (V2 region) dependence indicated by sensitivity to amino acid changes in the V2 loop and by competition with murine anti-V2 mAbs; 2) CD4bs dependence indicated by sensitivity to amino acid changes usually associated with CD4 binding and by inhibition of Fab binding to gp120 by soluble CD4; this dependence seemed to arise via conformational changes rather than by direct binding, as CD4bs Abs enhanced binding of two of the novel Fabs and, in a reversal of the competition format, the novel Fabs did not inhibit soluble CD4 binding to gp120; and 3) equivalent binding to glycosylated and deglycosylated gp120 and significant, although much reduced, binding to denatured gp120 in contrast with CD4bs Abs, which do not bind to deglycosylated or denatured gp120. One of the novel Fabs efficiently neutralized the MN and LAI strains of HIV-1. These results indicate the presence of a novel neutralizing conformational epitope on gp120 sensitive to the V2 loop and the CD4bs and further highlight the conformational flexibility of gp120. The strategy of masking highly immunogenic epitopes with Abs to rescue a broader range of specific Abs from combinatorial libraries should be widely applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Ditzel
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - J M Binley
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - J P Moore
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - J Sodroski
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - N Sullivan
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - L S Sawyer
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - R M Hendry
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - W P Yang
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - C F Barbas
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - D R Burton
- Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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38
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Abstract
A new chimeric plasminogen activator with high fibrin affinity was designed to bind fibrin and to initiate clot destruction, following activation by thrombin. The chimeric activator, 59D8-scuPA-T, was made from the Fab fragment of an anti-fibrin antibody (59D8) and a C-terminal portion of a thrombin-activable low molecular weight single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator, scuPA-T, obtained by deletion of Phe-157 and Lys-158 from low molecular weight single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scuPA) by site-directed mutagenesis. The chimeric molecule had a molecular mass of 91,000, a value consistent with one 59D8 light chain (M(r) = 27,000) and one 59D8 heavy-chain Fd fragment fused to low molecular weight scuPA (M(r) = 64,000). According to its design, 59D8-scuPA-T was activated by thrombin but not by plasmin, whereas the control chimeric molecule, 59D8-scuPA, was activated by plasmin but not by thrombin. When activated by thrombin, 59D8-scuPA-T converted plasminogen to plasmin. In vitro plasma clot lysis assays showed that 59D8-scuPA-T lysed clots performed by thrombin and that heparin and hirudin could prevent clot lysis. When incorporated as part of a thrombin-induced clot, only 59D8-scuPA-T was able to lyse the clot while 59D8-scuPA and high molecular weight scuPA were ineffective. Together these results demonstrate that 59D8-scuPA-T is a thrombin-activable plasminogen activator that offers selective thrombolysis of thrombin-rich clots over more established, aged clots, and may also act as an antithrombotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Macromolecular Biochemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000
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Hsu CM, Yang WP, Chen CC, Lai YK, Lin TY. A point mutation in the chloroplast rps12 gene from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia confers streptomycin resistance. Plant Mol Biol 1993; 23:179-83. [PMID: 8219048 DOI: 10.1007/bf00021429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to understand the mechanism of streptomycin resistance in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, we have sequenced the chloroplast rps12 gene, a potential molecular target. We report that a streptomycin-resistant mutant isolated from protoplast cultures of N. plumbaginifolia contains an A-to-G transition at nucleotide position 149 in exon 2 of the chloroplast rps12 gene. The detected point mutation predicts a substitution of arginine for lysine in a phylogenetically conserved region.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hsu
- Institute of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
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40
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Harlocker SL, Rampersaud A, Yang WP, Inouye M. Phenotypic revertant mutations of a new OmpR2 mutant (V203Q) of Escherichia coli lie in the envZ gene, which encodes the OmpR kinase. J Bacteriol 1993; 175:1956-60. [PMID: 8458837 PMCID: PMC204274 DOI: 10.1128/jb.175.7.1956-1960.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Escherichia coli ompR2 allele ompR472 contains a valine-to-methionine point mutation at position 203, resulting in an OmpF-constitutive OmpC- outer membrane phenotype. In the present study, OmpR residue V-203 was replaced with glutamine (V203Q mutation), resulting in the same outer membrane phenotype. However, unlike the OmpFc OmpC- phenotype conferred by the OmpR(V203M) mutant protein, the OmpFc OmpC- phenotype produced by the OmpR(V203Q) mutation was suppressed by the envZ11(T247R) allele. Additional suppressors of OmpR(V203Q) were isolated by random mutagenesis. All suppressor mutations were found in the envZ gene and conferred an OmpC+ OmpF- phenotype in the presence of the wild-type ompR. These envZ11-like mutations mapped to a region different from those previously reported and were incapable of suppressing the ompR(V203M) allele. Our results indicate that while methionine or glutamine replacements could cause similar effects on OmpF and OmpC expression, they conferred different abilities on the mutant proteins to be suppressed by envZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Harlocker
- Department of Biochemistry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway 08854
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41
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Oshida Y, Yang WP, Wu W, Ohsawa I, Sato J, Sato Y. Effect of muscle constriction on 3-hydroxybutyrate uptake using the microdialysis technique. Horm Metab Res 1992; 24:546-7. [PMID: 1452121 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1003386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Oshida
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Japan
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42
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Okajima K, Yang WP, Okabe H, Inoue M, Takatsuki K. Role of leukocytes in the activation of intravascular coagulation in patients with septicemia. Am J Hematol 1991; 36:265-71. [PMID: 1707228 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.2830360408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the role of leukocytes in intravascular coagulation in patients with septicemia, plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) and fibrinogen (Fbg) were determined in 33 patients with septicemia. Twenty of 33 patients revealed marked leukopenia caused by suppression of hematopoiesis by the administration of chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of hematological malignancies; the total leukocyte count of these patients was less than 1,000/microliters. Thirteen of 33 patients showed normal or increased leukocyte counts. Plasma levels of TAT and SFMC in septicemic patients without leukopenia were significantly higher than in patients with leukopenia. Although plasma TAT and SFMC levels correlated well with the number of leukocytes, a more significant positive correlation was found between the number of monocytes and the levels of TAT and SFMC. Plasma levels of Fbg were significantly lower in patients without leukopenia than in patients with leukopenia. No significant correlation was found between the number of leukocytes and the levels of Fbg. However, a significant negative correlation was found between the number of monocytes and the levels of Fbg. TAT levels did not correlate with the number of platelets. The fibrinolytic system was activated only in septicemic patients without leukopenia, which may be explained by secondary fibrinolysis following leukocyte-activated coagulation. These findings suggest that leukocytes, in particular monocytes, may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of intravascular coagulation in septicemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Okajima
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan
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43
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Okajima K, Okabe H, Kumagai T, Yang WP, Maeda M, Miyagawa S, Watanabe E, Yoshimi K, Koga S, Takatsuki K. [Relationship between the plasma levels of soluble fibrin monomer and the formation of soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC)]. Rinsho Byori 1989; 37:411-5. [PMID: 2787429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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44
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Yang WP, Bauer WR. Purification and characterization of vaccinia virus structural protein VP8. Virology 1988; 167:578-84. [PMID: 3201752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A major vaccinia virus core protein, designated VP8, has been purified from virions to homogeneity through DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, and hydroxyapatite chromatography. VP8 migrates as a 25-kDa band in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sediments as a monomeric species in neutral sucrose gradient centrifugation. This protein is a significant constitutent of the virion, comprising about 6.5% of the total viral polypeptides by mass. Analysis by filter binding and by sucrose gradient centrifugation shows that VP8 binds to double-stranded as well as to single-stranded DNA at low salt concentrations (25 mM NaCl). At higher salt concentrations (100 mM NaCl), the protein binds with a relatively greater affinity to single-stranded DNA. The results from sucrose gradient centrifugation indicate that VP8 probably binds noncooperatively to all structural forms of DNA. The protein is likely to be a component of the viral nucleoprotein complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794
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45
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Yang WP, Kao SY, Bauer WR. Biosynthesis and post-translational cleavage of vaccinia virus structural protein VP8. Virology 1988; 167:585-90. [PMID: 3201753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We have obtained antiserum against highly purified vaccinia virus structural protein VP8, a major DNA binding protein present in the viral core particle. The antiserum has been used to monitor the course of the biosynthesis of this protein. The protein can first be detected in extracts of infected cells at 4 hr postinfection (p.i.). Its synthesis increases significantly at 5 hr p.i. and is maintained at about the same level up to 11 hr. The requirement of viral DNA replication for VP8 synthesis indicates that it is a viral late protein. This protein is synthesized in the form of a 28-kDa precursor, which is then processed to a 25-kDa product. The half-life of the precursor is about 2 hr. Comparing the N-terminal amino acid sequence of this purified protein with those derived from the published DNA sequence of the vaccinia viral genome [J.P. Weir and B. Moss (1984) J. Virol. 51, 662-669], it is found that VP8 maps to the HindIII L fragment of the viral genome. The cleavage site at which processing takes place lies between amino acids 32 (Gly) and 33 (Ala) from the N-terminal end of the precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794
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46
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Abstract
Abstract
High-molecular-weight linear polyureas of different hard-segment content are obtained with a two-step solution polymerization. Elimination of water, careful choice of solvent, reactant concentration, and good control of reaction temperature are essential to obtain satisfactory results. We have studied the influence of the hard-segment content on the mechanical, dynamic-mechanical, and thermal properties of these solution polymerized amine-terminated polypropylene-oxide-based thermoplastic polyureas. Two-phase morphology is predominant within the range of the hard-segment concentration studied. Inversion of the continuous and dispersed phase might occur in the polyurea series at about 60 wt.% of hard segment. This changes the nature of the polyureas from a tough elastomeric material to a more brittle, high-modulus plastic. The modulus of the rubbery plateau measured from dynamic-mechanical spectra increases with hard-segment concentration due to the reinforcing effect of hard-segment domains. However, continuous improvement in dynamic-mechanical modulus is not significant when the hard segment is above 50 wt.% due to higher degree of phase mixing in high hard-segment concentration systems. The amount of solubilized hard segment in the soft-segment phase in these polyureas is limited as judged from the relatively constant soft-segment Tg. However, the extent of phase separation, as determined by the heat capacity change ΔCp across the soft-segment Tg, decreases with increasing hard-segment content. The same characterizations and analyses have also been carried out on a series of RIM produced polyurea samples of the same composition. Great difference in properties is observed in comparison of these two sets of samples due to their different synthesis routes. In general, samples produced by RIM exhibit lower molecular weight, lower dynamic-mechanical modulus, higher soft-segment Tg, more phase-mixed, and more tensile elongation than those synthesized by solution polymerization. The detailed comparison will be treated in a separate paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. S. Chen
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - W. P. Yang
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - C. W. Macosko
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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48
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Chien YK, Yang WP, Xue ZL, Massey DG. House dust mite asthma in China: a review. Ann Allergy 1987; 59:147-8. [PMID: 3304031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
House dust mites are ubiquitous but no publications on disease associated with them are readily available from China. A review of published research in China is presented. A mean of 1,328 mites/g of dust was detected in homes: D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus (D. pt.) predominated. Mixed house dust mite solution elicited a positive skin test in 78% of asthmatics but D. pt. and D. farinae antigens in only 40%. Desensitization of house dust-sensitive asthmatics has been successful in 71% with IgG blocking antibodies being predictive of a successful outcome.
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49
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Kolodziej P, Yang WP, Macosko CW, Wellinghoff ST. Impingement mixing and its effect on the microstructure of RIM polyurethanes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.1986.090241017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Yang WP, Onuma EK, Hui SW. Response of C3H/10T1/2 fibroblasts to an external steady electric field stimulation. Reorientation, shape change, ConA receptor and intramembranous particle distribution and cytoskeleton reorganization. Exp Cell Res 1984; 155:92-104. [PMID: 6541591 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(84)90770-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo fibroblasts were stimulated by a steady electric field ranging up to 15 V/cm. The percentage of spindle-shaped cells increased with the field strength and duration of the stimulation. These cells oriented preferentially with their long axis perpendicular to the field direction. A small percentage of the cells were found to move slightly toward the cathode during the course of electric stimulation. Although no apparent field-induced redistribution of fluorescent-labelled concanavalin A (conA) receptor along the cell periphery was observed, the bright perinuclear area appeared preferentially on the anode side. Correlative fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed no difference in the density of conA-gold microsphere labels on either side of the cell. The density of intramembranous particles on the E-face of the plasma membrane was 54% higher on the anode side than on the cathode side of the cell. The microfilament bundles were observed to be disrupted after 30 min of 10 V/cm stimulation by rhodamine phalloidin labelling of F-actin. The cell sensitivity to electric field-induced reorientation and cell shape changes was reduced by pretreatment with conA, and to a lesser extent, with succinyl conA or wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). ConA pretreatment alone also reduced the prominence of microfilament bundles. However, post-field lectin binding to the cell has no effect on cell recovery. It is possible that the generally flat 10T1/2 cells retract and realign in order to minimize the disruption of their membrane potential. The conA binding-mediated receptor-cytoskeletal linkage temporarily immobilizes the cell and inhibits subsequent field-induced shape changes.
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