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Norén A, Strömvall AM, Rauch S, Andersson-Sköld Y, Modin O, Karlfeldt Fedje K. The effects of electrochemical pretreatment and curing environment on strength and leaching of stabilized/solidified contaminated sediment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:5866-5880. [PMID: 38133763 PMCID: PMC10799133 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization and solidification (S/S) is known to improve the structural properties of sediment and reduce contaminant mobility, enabling the utilization of dredged contaminated sediment. Further reduction of contaminants (e.g., tributyltin (TBT) and metals) can be done using electrochemical treatment prior to S/S and could potentially minimize contaminant leaching. This is the first study on how electrochemical pretreatment affects the strength and leaching properties of stabilized sediments. It also investigates how salinity and organic carbon in the curing liquid affect the stabilized sediment.The results showed that the electrolysis reduced the content of TBT by 22% and zinc by 44% in the sediment. The electrolyzed stabilized samples met the requirements for compression strength and had a reduced surface leaching of zinc. Curing in saline water was beneficial for strength development and reduced the leaching of TBT compared to curing in fresh water. The results indicate that pretreatment prior to stabilization could be beneficial in reducing contaminant leaching and recovering metals from the sediment. The conclusion is that a better understanding of the changes in the sediment caused by electrochemical treatment and how these changes interact with stabilization reactions is needed. In addition, it is recommended to investigate the strength and leaching behavior in environments similar to the intended in situ conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Norén
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann-Margret Strömvall
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sebastien Rauch
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Andersson-Sköld
- Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Box 8072, 402 78, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Geology and Geotechnics, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Modin
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Karlfeldt Fedje
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Recycling and Waste Management, Renova AB, Box 156, 401 22, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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2
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Jupp BP, Uddin S, Fowler SW, Faizuddin M. Trace metal and TBT pollution in the Gulf and Oman: spatial variation and hot spots. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27526-9. [PMID: 37261684 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27526-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This review assesses trace metal concentrations in nearshore and offshore bottom sediments in the Arabian Gulf and Oman focusing particularly on targeted monitoring studies of point sources of contamination near industrial zones (sometimes with ports) and desalination and power plants (often co-located). Concerns have been raised about harmful impacts from accumulation of metals in the semi-enclosed Gulf. The sediment trace metal contaminants of the greatest concern are highlighted with maximum levels of toxic trace metals such as As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, Zn, and TBT recorded near port and ship repair yards/dry docks as well as industrial and power/desalination plant discharge outfalls. The levels of metals such as Cd, Pb, and Hg exceeding sediment quality guidelines at identified hot spots are of concern. Efforts to mitigate future impacts are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry P Jupp
- , P.O. Box 389, Puerto Princesa, Palawan, 5300, Philippines.
| | - Saif Uddin
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Scott W Fowler
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA
- Institute Bobby, 8 Allée Des Orangers, 06320, Cap d'Ail, France
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3
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Zhao C, Teng X, Yue W, Suo A, Zhou W, Ding D. The effect of acute toxicity from tributyltin on Liza haematocheila liver: Energy metabolic disturbance, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 258:106506. [PMID: 36989927 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), a highly toxic and persistent organic pollutant, is widely distributed in coastal waters. Liza haematocheila (L. haematocheila) is one of bony fish distributing coincident with TBT, and exposure risk of TBT to this fish is unknown. In this study, L. haematocheila was exposed to TBT of 0, 3.4, 6.8, and 17.2 μg/L for 48 h to explore hepatic response mechanism. Our results showed that Sn content in livers increased after 48 h of exposure. HSI and histological changes indicated that TBT suppressed liver development of L. haematocheila. TBT reduced ATPase activities. The increased RB in blood and the reduced TBC were measured after exposure to TBT. T-AOC and antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were inhibited while MDA content was increased. Liver cells showed apoptosis characteristics after TBT exposure. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of livers was performed and the results showed energy metabolism-related GO term (such as ATPase complex and ATPase dependent transmembrance transport complex), oxidative stress-related GO term (such as Celllular response to oxidative stress and Antioxidant activity), and apoptosis-related GO term (such as Regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptosic signaling pathway). Moreover, we found six energy metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including three up-regulated DEGs (atnb233, cftr, and prkag2) and three down-regulated DEGs (acss1, abcd2, and smarcb1); five oxidative stress-related DEGs including one up-regulated DEG (mmp9) and four down-regulated DEG (prdx5, hsp90, hsp98, and gstf9); as well as six apoptosis-related DEGs including five up-regulated DEGs (casp8, cyc, apaf1, hccs, and dapk3) and one down-regulated DEG (bcl2l1). Our transcriptome data above further confirmed that acute stress of TBT led energy metabolic disturbance, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in L. haematocheila livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weizhong Yue
- Marine Environmental Engineering Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Anning Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Weiguo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Dewen Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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4
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Yavuz Y, Ozen DO, Erol ZY, Goren H, Yilmaz B. Effects of endocrine disruptors on the electrical activity of leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus and anxiety-like behavior in male mice. Environ Pollut 2023; 324:121366. [PMID: 36858099 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing concern about the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on human health. Recently, some EDCs are suggested to affect energy metabolism leading to increased risk of obesity. Obesogenic effects of some EDCs on adipogenesis have been reported, however, there is no study examining their potential actions on the brain circuits controlling feeding and metabolism. We have investigated effects of tributyltin (TBT) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p'-DDT) on electrical activity on dorsomedial hypothalamic leptin receptor neurons (DMHLepR), morphological adaptations in neuronal anatomy of DMHLepR, locomotion, and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Twenty-three Lep-Cre transgenic mice were intracranially injected with GFP virus. Control animals received intraperitoneal corn oil alone while group 2 and 3 received TBT (25 μg/kg) and p,p'-DDT (2 mg/kg) for one month. Locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior of the animals were determined by open field test. Electrophysiological effects of TBT and p,p'-DDT on DMHLepR neurons were determined by patch clamp method. Neuronal anatomy was determined by confocal microscopy. Spontaneous firing frequency of DMHLepR neurons of TBT group of mice was significantly higher than both p,p'-DDT and control groups (p < 0.01). TBT and p,p'-DDT significantly decreased frequency of the spontaneous inhibitory post-synaptic currents to DMHLepR neurons compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The time spent in the center and the number of entrances to the center by the TBT-administered mice were significantly lower than other groups (p < 0.01). The total distance traveled and mean speed of the control group of mice were significantly higher than the p,p'-DDT- and TBT-administered animals (p < 0.0001). c-Fos activity of the p,p'-DDT- and TBT-administered animals were significantly elevated compared to the control group (p < 0.001), while no change in the number of dendritic spines were observed. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that exposure to TBT and p,p'-DDT alters electrical activity in DMHLepR neurons and behavioral state in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Yavuz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Deniz Oyku Ozen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Yagmur Erol
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Habibe Goren
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bayram Yilmaz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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5
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Dash MK, Rahman MS. Molecular and biochemical responses to tributyltin ( TBT) exposure in the American oyster: Triggers of stress-induced oxidative DNA damage and prooxidant-antioxidant imbalance in tissues by TBT. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109523. [PMID: 36427667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollution increases due to anthropogenic activities. Toxic chemicals in the environment affect the health of aquatic organisms. Tributyltin (TBT) is a toxic chemical widely used as an antifouling paint on boats, hulls, and ships. The toxic effect of TBT is well documented in aquatic organisms; however, little is known about the effects of TBT on DNA lesions in shellfish. The American oyster (Crassostrea virginica, an edible and commercially important species) is an ideal marine mollusk to examine the effects of TBT exposure on DNA lesions and oxidative/nitrative stress. In this study, we investigated the effects of TBT on 8'-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, a biomarker of pro-mutagenic DNA lesion), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), dinitrophenyl protein (DNP, a biomarker on reactive oxygen species, ROS), 3-nitrotyrosine protein (NTP, a biomarker of reactive nitrogen species, RNS), catalase (CAT, an antioxidant), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, a cholinergic enzyme) expressions in the gills and digestive glands of oysters. We also analyzed extrapallial (EF) fluid conditions. Immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR results showed that TBT exposure significantly increased 8-OHdG, dsDNA, DNP, NTP, and CAT mRNA and/or protein expressions in the gills and digestive glands. However, AChE mRNA and protein expressions, and EP fluid pH and protein concentrations were decreased in TBT-exposed oysters. Taken together, these results suggest that antifouling biocide-induced production of ROS/RNS results in DNA damage, which may lead to decreased cellular functions in oysters. To the best of our knowledge, the present study provides the first molecular/biochemical evidence that TBT exposure results in oxidative/nitrative stress and DNA lesions in oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kumar Dash
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Md Saydur Rahman
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA; Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA.
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6
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He S, Li P, Liu L, Li ZH. NMR technique revealed the metabolic interference mechanism of the combined exposure to cadmium and tributyltin in grass carp larvae. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:17828-17838. [PMID: 36201083 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Widespread human activity has resulted in the presence of different pollutants in the aquatic environment that does not exist in isolation. The study of the effects of contamination of aquatic organisms is of great significance. To assess the individual and combined toxicity of cadmium (Cd) and tributyltin (TBT) to aquatic organisms, juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were exposed to Cd (2.97 mg/L), TBT (7.5 μg/L), and their mixture MIX. The biological response was evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of plasma metabolites. Plasma samples at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 48 days post-exposure were analyzed using detection by NMR technique. The typical correlation analysis (CCA) analysis revealed that TBT had the greatest effect on plasma metabolism, followed by MIX and Cd. The interference pathway to grass carp was similar to that of TBT and MIX. Both Cd and TBT exposure alone or in combination can lead to metabolic abnormalities in TCA cycle-related pathways and interfere with energy metabolism. These results provide more detailed information for the metabolic study of pollutants and data for assessing the health risks of Cd, TBT, and MIX at the metabolic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen He
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China.
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7
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Bernal K, Touma C, Erradhouani C, Boronat-Belda T, Gaillard L, Al Kassir S, Le Mentec H, Martin-Chouly C, Podechard N, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Langouet S, Brion F, Knoll-Gellida A, Babin PJ, Sovadinova I, Babica P, Andreau K, Barouki R, Vondracek J, Alonso-Magdalena P, Blanc E, Kim MJ, Coumoul X. Combinatorial pathway disruption is a powerful approach to delineate metabolic impacts of endocrine disruptors. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:3107-3123. [PMID: 35957500 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and chronic liver diseases among others, has been rising for several years. Epidemiology and mechanistic (in vivo, in vitro and in silico) toxicology have recently provided compelling evidence implicating the chemical environment in the pathogenesis of these diseases. In this review, we will describe the biological processes that contribute to the development of metabolic diseases targeted by metabolic disruptors, and will propose an integrated pathophysiological vision of their effects on several organs. With regard to these pathomechanisms, we will discuss the needs, and the stakes of evolving the testing and assessment of endocrine disruptors to improve the prevention and management of metabolic diseases that have become a global epidemic since the end of last century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Bernal
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Charbel Touma
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Chedi Erradhouani
- Université Paris Cité, France.,Ecotoxicologie des substances et des milieux, Parc ALATA, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Talía Boronat-Belda
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Gaillard
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Sara Al Kassir
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Hélène Le Mentec
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Corinne Martin-Chouly
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Langouet
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - François Brion
- Ecotoxicologie des substances et des milieux, Parc ALATA, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anja Knoll-Gellida
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Patrick J Babin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Iva Sovadinova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karine Andreau
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Jan Vondracek
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Etienne Blanc
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Min Ji Kim
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
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8
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Martínez ML, Nudelman NS, Verrengia Guerrero NR. Comparison of biomarker responses after acute and chronic bioassays in Lumbriculus variegatus. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:44124-44131. [PMID: 33846917 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Differential biomarker responses may occur after acute or chronic bioassays when animals are unfed. In many aquatic species, food deprivation may lead to a pro-oxidant condition. However, information about its effects on the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus, a bioindicator organism for water and sediment toxicity tests, is almost completely lacking. Acute (48 h) and chronic (21 days) bioassays were performed using unfed L. variegatus to assess the impact of food deprivation on several biomarkers related to the redox cellular status. Results showed that food deprivation inhibited the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, whilst levels of total glutathione (t-GSH) and lipid peroxidation processes increased with respect to controls. The same biomarkers were evaluated in unfed organisms exposed to tributyltin (TBT), nano-goethite or a binary mixture of both, for 48 h and 21 days. After 48 h, the organisms were able to cope with chemical stressors by enhancing antioxidant defences and lipid peroxidation processes were not observed. After 21 days, both TBT and the binary mixture induced the most noxious effects. At this time, the antioxidant enzymatic defences were still higher than controls, but levels of t-GSH were significantly decreased and lipid peroxidation was found. Therefore, differential biomarker responses were observed between starved organisms for 21 days and those simultaneously exposed to other chemical stressors. The activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase was also determined, but it remained unchanged in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 3° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Toxicología y Química Legal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II. 4to piso, Pabellón II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma Sbarbati Nudelman
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 3° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noemí R Verrengia Guerrero
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Toxicología y Química Legal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II. 4to piso, Pabellón II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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9
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Primost MA, Averbuj A, Bigatti G, Márquez F. Embryonic shell shape as an early indicator of pollution in marine gastropods. Mar Environ Res 2021; 167:105283. [PMID: 33639393 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gastropods shell shape has been proposed as a good indicator of environmental changes while geometric morphometric (GM) is a powerful tool to detect such changes. Shell shape pattern in adults of the marine gastropod Buccinanops deformis was proved to be correlated with imposex incidence and maritime traffic in populations of Patagonia. We explore through GM the shell shape variation of B. deformis intracapsular embryos in pre-hatching stages of development, in two populations with contrasting maritime traffic and imposex incidence. Embryonic shell shape from polluted and unpolluted areas was significantly different in apex, lateral, aperture and siphonal channel. The same shell shape pattern was observed previously in B. deformis adult specimens. Our results demonstrate that the embryonic shell shape is an early biomarker that could be used as a tool to detect the response to environmental pollution studying abundant egg capsules laid in the field but protecting reproductive adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Primost
- Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Acuicultura y Pesca (GIDTAP), Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Chubut, CONICET, Argentina; LARBIM, Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos, IBIOMAR-CCT CENPAT-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - A Averbuj
- LARBIM, Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos, IBIOMAR-CCT CENPAT-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - G Bigatti
- LARBIM, Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos, IBIOMAR-CCT CENPAT-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Puerto Madryn, Argentina; Universidad Espíritu Santo, Ecuador
| | - F Márquez
- LARBIM, Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos, IBIOMAR-CCT CENPAT-CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Puerto Madryn, Argentina.
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10
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Jie J, Ling L, Yi Y, Tao L, Liao X, Gao P, Xu Q, Zhang W, Chen Y, Zhang J, Weng D. Tributyltin triggers lipogenesis in macrophages via modifying PPARγ pathway. Environ Pollut 2021; 271:116331. [PMID: 33383419 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), a bioaccumulative and persistent environmental pollutant, has been proposed as a metabolism disruptor and obesogen through targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) receptor pathway. However, it remains unknown whether this biological effect occurs in macrophage, a cell type which cooperates closely with hepatocytes and adipocytes to regulate lipid metabolism. This study for the first time investigated the effect of TBT on PPARγ pathway in macrophages. Our results indicated that nanomolar levels of TBT was able to strongly activate PPARγ in human macrophages. TBT treatment also markedly increased the intracellular lipid accumulation, and enhanced the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in macrophages, while these effects were all significantly down-regulated in PPARγ-deficient macrophages, confirming the involvement of PPARγ in TBT-induced lipogenesis. Next, a mouse model that C57BL/6 mice were orally exposed to TBT with the doses (250 and 500 μg/kg body weight) lower than NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) was used to further investigate the in vivo mechanisms. And the in vivo results were consistent with cellular assays, confirming the induction of PPARγ and the increased expression of lipogenesis-regulating and lipid metabolism-related genes by TBT in vivo. In conclusion, this study not only provided the first evidence that TBT stimulated lipogenesis, activated PPARγ and related genes in human macrophages, but also provided insight into the mechanism of TBT-induced metabolism disturbance and obesity through targeting PPARγ via both in vitro cellular assays and in vivo animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Jie
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Ling Ling
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yuguo Yi
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Liang Tao
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Beihai, 536000, China
| | - Pingshi Gao
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Weigao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Dan Weng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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11
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Wells FE, Gagnon MM. A quarter century of recovery of the whelk Thais orbita from tributyltin pollution off Perth, Western Australia. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 158:111408. [PMID: 32753192 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Imposex is a condition in which females of dioecious marine snails develop rudimentary male characteristics. It is caused by tributyltin (TBT) used as an antifoulant in vessel paints since the late 1960s. Following the 2008 international ban on TBT, a decreasing rate of imposex has been observed worldwide. In Western Australia, imposex surveys of the whelk Thais orbita up to 2011 in the Perth metropolitan area suggested a decreasing trend but a significant recovery has not been confirmed. Collection of T. orbita from 11 sites in 2019 demonstrated a virtually complete recovery from imposex. Although it is generally accepted that male snails are not affected by TBT, the historical data set allowed confirmation that the male penis is of similar size in T. orbita collected at heavily affected sites and at relatively unaffected sites. Similarly, imposexed female snails had similar shell lengths to female snails at non-impacted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred E Wells
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, PO Box U1987, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia; Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.
| | - Marthe Monique Gagnon
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, PO Box U1987, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia
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12
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Capitão A, Lopes-Marques M, Páscoa I, Ruivo R, Mendiratta N, Fonseca E, Castro LFC, Santos MM. The Echinodermata PPAR: Functional characterization and exploitation by the model lipid homeostasis regulator tributyltin. Environ Pollut 2020; 263:114467. [PMID: 32278212 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The wide ecological relevance of lipid homeostasis modulators in the environment has been increasingly acknowledged. Tributyltin (TBT), for instance, was shown to cause lipid modulation, not only in mammals, but also in fish, molluscs, arthropods and rotifers. In vertebrates, TBT is known to interact with a nuclear receptor heterodimer module, formed by the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR). These modulate the expression of genes involved in lipid homeostasis. In the present work, we isolated for the first time the complete coding region of the Echinodermata (Paracentrotus lividus) gene orthologues of PPAR and RXR and evaluated the ability of a model lipid homeostasis modulator, TBT, to interfere with the lipid metabolism in this species. Our results demonstrate that TBT alters the gonadal fatty acid composition and gene expression patterns: yielding sex-specific responses in fatty acid levels, including the decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3, EPA) in males, and increase of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA) in females, and upregulation of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (acsl), ppar and rxr. Furthermore, an in vitro test using COS-1 cells as host and chimeric receptors with the ligand binding domain (LBD) of P. lividus PPAR and RXR shows that organotins (TBT and TPT (Triphenyltin)) suppressed activity of the heterodimer PPAR/RXR in a concentration-dependent manner. Together, these results suggest that TBT acts as a lipid homeostasis modulator at environmentally relevant concentrations in Echinodermata and highlight a possible conserved mode of action via the PPAR/RXR heterodimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Capitão
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), Department of Biology, University of Porto (U.Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Lopes-Marques
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Inês Páscoa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Raquel Ruivo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Nicolau Mendiratta
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Elza Fonseca
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), Department of Biology, University of Porto (U.Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - L Filipe C Castro
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), Department of Biology, University of Porto (U.Porto), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Machado Santos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences (FCUP), Department of Biology, University of Porto (U.Porto), Porto, Portugal.
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13
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Fonseca E, Ruivo R, Borges D, Franco JN, Santos MM, C. Castro LF. Of Retinoids and Organotins: The Evolution of the Retinoid X Receptor in Metazoa. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040594. [PMID: 32290525 PMCID: PMC7225927 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are transcription factors accomplishing a multiplicity of functions, essential for organismal homeostasis. Among their numerous members, the retinoid X receptor (RXR) is a central player of the endocrine system, with a singular ability to operate as a homodimer or a heterodimer with other NRs. Additionally, RXR has been found to be a critical actor in various processes of endocrine disruption resulting from the exposure to a known class of xenobiotics termed organotins (e.g., tributyltin (TBT)), including imposex in gastropod molluscs and lipid perturbation across different metazoan lineages. Thus, given its prominent physiological and endocrine role, RXR is present in the genomes of most extant metazoan species examined to date. Here, we expand on the phylogenetic distribution of RXR across the metazoan tree of life by exploring multiple next-generation sequencing projects of protostome lineages. By addressing amino acid residue conservation in combination with cell-based functional assays, we show that RXR induction by 9-cis retinoic acid (9cisRA) and TBT is conserved in more phyla than previously described. Yet, our results highlight distinct activation efficacies and alternative modes of RXR exploitation by the organotin TBT, emphasizing the need for broader species sampling to clarify the mechanistic activation of RXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elza Fonseca
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.F.); (R.R.); (D.B.); (J.N.F.)
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, 2520-637 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Raquel Ruivo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.F.); (R.R.); (D.B.); (J.N.F.)
| | - Débora Borges
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.F.); (R.R.); (D.B.); (J.N.F.)
| | - João N. Franco
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.F.); (R.R.); (D.B.); (J.N.F.)
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, 2520-637 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Miguel M. Santos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.F.); (R.R.); (D.B.); (J.N.F.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.M.S.); (L.F.C.C.); Tel.: +351-223-401-800 (M.M.S. or L.F.C.C.)
| | - L. Filipe C. Castro
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (E.F.); (R.R.); (D.B.); (J.N.F.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.M.S.); (L.F.C.C.); Tel.: +351-223-401-800 (M.M.S. or L.F.C.C.)
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14
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Romanelli G, Berto D, Calace N, Amici M, Maltese S, Formalewicz M, Campanelli A, Marini M, Magaletti E, Scarpato A. Ballast water management system: Assessment of chemical quality status of several ports in Adriatic Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 147:86-97. [PMID: 29361280 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidant treatment of ballast water (BW) is commonly used in BW systems in order to minimize the transport of alien species. The release of disinfection by-products (DBPs) associated to the treatment of BW and cross-contamination of butyltin (BT) compounds through BW discharge is a topic of environmental concern. A chemical port baseline survey has been conducted in seven ports of the Adriatic Sea. Analysis have been performed on transplanted mussels, surface sediment, seawater, BW. Results showed an evidence of BT contamination, particularly in sediments, probably related to their illegal usage or to intensive shipping activities. Therefore, BW may act as a vector and contribute to re-buildup of BT contamination in the coastal regions. A baseline set of data concerning DBPs is provided, showing the preferential distribution of these compounds in the marine environment that will be useful for future considerations on monitoring and assessment of chemical contamination associated with BW.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Romanelli
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - D Berto
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Brondolo, 30015 Chioggia, Italy.
| | - N Calace
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - M Amici
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - S Maltese
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - M Formalewicz
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Brondolo, 30015 Chioggia, Italy
| | - A Campanelli
- Consiglio nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine (CNR ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 60125 Ancona, Italy
| | - M Marini
- Consiglio nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine (CNR ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 60125 Ancona, Italy
| | - E Magaletti
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
| | - A Scarpato
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Roma, Italy
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15
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Quintas PY, Alvarez MB, Arias AH, Garrido M, Marcovecchio JE. Spatiotemporal distribution of organotin compounds in the coastal water of the Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:7601-7613. [PMID: 30659490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04181-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Several areas within the Bahía Blanca estuary (BBE), with different maritime traffic intensity, were studied in order to confirm the presence and assess the distribution of tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), and monobutyltin (MBT) in the water column. The organotin compounds (OTCs) were determined in the water samples-taken in summer, autumn, winter, and spring of 2014-by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry after liquid-liquid extraction with hexane. The incidence of TBT throughout the whole sampling period indicated a continuous presence of this compound to the study area. However, in accordance with the butyltin degradation index (BDI), TBT was not recently introduced in the BBE. Furthermore, the average TBT levels exceeded the international guideline established by the Oslo-Paris commission (0.62 ng Sn L-1). As a result, certain biological effects could be expected to occur in sensitive species such as mussels. While DBT were below the detection limit in the 75% of the samples analyzed, MBT was detected in all the samples and no significant differences were found among the concentrations measured in the different seasons (Kruskal-Wallis test, p > 0.05). In addition, no correlations were found among the OTCs levels and the evaluated physiochemical parameters (Spearman coefficient, p > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Y Quintas
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), UNCUYO-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, J. Contreras 1300, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Mónica B Alvarez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Instituto de Química del Sur (INQUISUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Andrés H Arias
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Mariano Garrido
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Instituto de Química del Sur (INQUISUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Jorge E Marcovecchio
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN)-FRBB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Universidad de la Fraternidad de Agrupaciones Santo Tomás de Aquino (FASTA), Mar del Plata, Argentina
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16
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Lagerström M, Yngsell D, Eklund B, Ytreberg E. Identification of commercial and recreational vessels coated with banned organotin paint through screening of tin by portable XRF. J Hazard Mater 2019; 362:107-114. [PMID: 30236930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The most effective biocide used historically in antifouling paints is tributyltin (TBT). However, due to its extreme toxicity to non-target organisms and its persistence in the environment, the use of TBT and other organotin compounds (OTCs) was restricted in EU on leisure boats and ships in 1989 and 2003, respectively. Nevertheless, studies worldwide still report TBT to be released from both ships and leisure boats. Here, we present a new application for a field portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) used for screening for organotin paint through measurements of tin (Sn) on leisure boats and ships. Measurements on ships built after the restrictions showed concentrations of up to 68 μg Sn/cm2, likely due to impurities of inorganic Sn, as shown through chemical analysis of 21 organotin-free paints. A threshold value of 100 μg Sn/cm2 is suggested, where exceedance indicates presence of OTCs. Screening with the XRF method showed 10% of the commercial vessels (n = 30) and 23-29% of leisure boats (n = 693, investigated in this and in a previous study) to hold concentrations exceeding 100 μg Sn/cm2. The XRF technique presented here provides a useful tool for quick screening and identification of vessels holding banned organotin paint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lagerström
- Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Yngsell
- Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Britta Eklund
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Erik Ytreberg
- Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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17
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van Gessellen N, Bouwman H, Averbuj A. Imposex assessment and tributyltin levels in sediments along the Atlantic coast of South Africa. Mar Environ Res 2018; 142:32-39. [PMID: 30262123 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Female marine gastropods develop imposex (growth of penis/vas deferens) when exposed to TBT (tributyltin). Ours, is the first report of an imposex survey associated with TBT in sediment along 920 km of South Africa's Atlantic coastline. We sampled and analysed 1389 individuals of 13 caenogastropod species, and sediment samples from 25 sites, presumed impacted and not impacted by TBT pollution. Imposex was detected in six species not previously reported to suffer from this phenomenon, at eight sites, with up to 100% of females affected. Butyltins were found at quantifiable concentrations at four sites, with TBT and DBT (dibutyltin) concentrations in sediments up to 20 000 μg/kg dry mass (dm) and 3740 μg/kg dm, respectively. These findings are of major concern considering that TBT has been banned globally since 2008 by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) - more extensive research is required in areas affected by TBT and where aquaculture is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole van Gessellen
- Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Mafikeng, South Africa.
| | - Hindrik Bouwman
- Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Andres Averbuj
- LARBIM - IBIOMAR, CCT - CONICET-CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
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18
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Farinetti A, Marraudino M, Ponti G, Panzica G, Gotti S. Chronic treatment with tributyltin induces sexually dimorphic alterations in the hypothalamic POMC system of adult mice. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 374:587-594. [PMID: 30078105 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2896-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), an antifouling agent found in boat paints, is a common contaminant of marine and freshwater ecosystems. It is rapidly absorbed by organic materials and accumulated in many aquatic animals. Human exposure may depend on ingestion of contaminated food or by indirect exposure from household items containing organotin compounds. TBT is defined as an endocrine disruptor compound (EDC) because it binds to androgen receptors. Moreover, it is also included on the list of metabolic disruptors. The brain is a known target of TBT and this compound interferes with the orexigenic system, inducing a strong decrease in NPY expression in the hypothalamus. In the present experiment, we investigated the effect of a chronic treatment with TBT on the mouse anorexigenic system in both sexes, to look at the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) expression in the paraventricular (PVN), dorsomedial (DMN), ventromedial (VMN), and arcuate (ARC) hypothalamic nuclei. The results show a sexually dimorphic effect of TBT on both systems. TBT induced a significant decrease of POMC-positive structures only in female mice in DMN, ARC, and in PVN for both sexes. Apparently, these results show that TBT may interfere with the anorexigenic system in hypothalamic areas involved in the control of food intake, by inhibiting POMC in a sexually dimorphic way. In conclusion, in addition to having a direct effect on fat tissue, the effects of TBT as metabolic disruptor, may be due to gender-specific actions on both orexigenic and anorexigenic hypothalamic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Farinetti
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Laboratorio di Neuroendocrinologia, NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole, 10, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
| | - Marilena Marraudino
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Laboratorio di Neuroendocrinologia, NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole, 10, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
| | - Giovanna Ponti
- Laboratorio di Neuroendocrinologia, NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole, 10, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - GianCarlo Panzica
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Laboratorio di Neuroendocrinologia, NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole, 10, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
| | - Stefano Gotti
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy. .,Laboratorio di Neuroendocrinologia, NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole, 10, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy.
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Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide pandemic in adults as well as children and adds greatly to health care costs through its association with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and cancers. The prevailing medical view of obesity is that it results from a simple imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure. However, numerous other factors are important in the etiology of obesity. The obesogen hypothesis proposes that environmental chemicals termed obesogens promote obesity by acting to increase adipocyte commitment, differentiation, and size by altering metabolic set points or altering the hormonal regulation of appetite and satiety. Many obesogens are endocrine disrupting chemicals that interfere with normal endocrine regulation. Endocrine disrupting obesogens are abundant in our environment, used in everyday products from food packaging to fungicides. In this review, we explore the evidence supporting the obesogen hypothesis, as well as the gaps in our knowledge that are currently preventing a complete understanding of the extent to which obesogens contribute to the obesity pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerrold J Heindel
- Program on Endocrine Disruption Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, California 94924, USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA;
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20
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Eklund B, Watermann B. Persistence of TBT and copper in excess on leisure boat hulls around the Baltic Sea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:14595-14605. [PMID: 29532372 PMCID: PMC5973951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A handheld XRF-analyzer specially calibrated for measurements of metals on plastic boat hulls has been used on leisure boats in Denmark (DK), Finland (FI), and Germany (DE). The results on tin and copper are presented as μg metal/cm2. Tin is a proxy for the occurrence of organotin compounds on the boat. Two or three sites were visited in each country and between 25 and 90 boats were measured at each site. Every boat was measured at six to eight places, and the results are presented both as mean and median values. Linear regression of mean to median values of the 377 data pairs shows high relationship with R2 = 0.9566 for tin and R2 of 0.9724 for copper and thus both ways of calculation may be used. However, for regulative use, it is suggested that all individual measurements on each boat should be presented and used for decisions of removal or sealing of boat hulls. The results are compared with published data from different parts of Sweden, i.e., boats in fresh water, brackish water, and salt water. The results show that tin with mean values > 50 μg Sn/cm2 is still found on 42, 24, and 23% of the boats in DK, FI, and DE, respectively. The corresponding percentages based on median values are 38, 22, and 18% for DK, FI, and DE, respectively. The variation among boats is high with a maximum mean value of 2000 μg Sn/cm2. As comparison, one layer of an old TBT antifouling paint Hempels Hard racing superior, corresponds to 300 μg Sn/cm2. The percentage of boats with tin > 400 μg Sn/cm2 content based on mean values was 10% in DK, 5% in FI, and 1% in DE. The corresponding median values were 9, 6, and 1% for DK, FI, and DE. Copper, > 100 μg Cu/cm2, was detected on all measured boats in DK and in DE and on all but 3% of the FI boats. One layer of Hempels MilleXtra corresponds to ̴ 4000 μg Cu/cm2. The recommendation on the can is to apply two layers. The proportion of boats with higher mean copper values than 8000 μg Cu/cm2 was 51, 56, and 61 for boats in DK, FI, and DE, respectively. The proportion based on median values > 8000 μg Cu/cm2 was 50, 54, and 61% for DK, FI, and DE. The conclusion is that many leisure boats around the Baltic Sea still display or possess antifouling paints containing organotin compounds and that more than half of the boats have more copper than needed for one boat season according to the paint producers. Much of these known toxic compounds will probably be released into the environment and harm the biota. The calibrated XRF-method, intended for area measurements on boat hulls, is an easy and cheap way to detect boats with organotin compounds and high copper content. We recommend environmental authorities to use this method for identification of such boats and to use the results for requesting measures to minimize further leakage to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Eklund
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, ACES, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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21
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Egardt J, Nilsson P, Dahllöf I. Sediments indicate the continued use of banned antifouling compounds. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 125:282-288. [PMID: 28847633 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling paints are widely used to avoid organisms settling on boat hulls. The active ingredients in the paints have differed over the years where lead, TBT, irgarol and diuron have been deemed too harmful to non-target organisms and subsequently been banned within the EU. Most of these compounds however are persistent in the environment and can cause problems long after they are deposited. We have examined if present-day and banned substances used in antifouling paints can be found in sediments in a national park on the Swedish west coast. Sampled locations include waterways, natural harbours and small marinas for leisure crafts to investigate if number of visiting boats affect the concentration of antifouling compounds in sediments. Few significant differences were found when comparing the different locations types, suggesting that overall boat presence is more important than specific mooring sites, however, several banned antifouling compounds were found in the surface sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Egardt
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergsgata 22B, 413 19 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Per Nilsson
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Hättebäcksvägen 7, 452 96 Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Ingela Dahllöf
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergsgata 22B, 413 19 Göteborg, Sweden
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Jung SM, Bae JS, Kang SG, Son JS, Jeon JH, Lee HJ, Jeon JY, Sidharthan M, Ryu SH, Shin HW. Acute toxicity of organic antifouling biocides to phytoplankton Nitzschia pungens and zooplankton Artemia larvae. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 124:811-818. [PMID: 27919420 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of the antifouling biocides Irgarol 1051, Diuron, Chlorothalonil, Dichlofluanid, Sea-nine 211, Copper pyrithione, Zinc pyrithione, Ziram and Zineb were evaluated on Nitzschia pungens and Artemia larvae. Results showed that EC50 for Irgarol 1051 was 0.586μgl-1 was the strongest effect on N. pungens following by Copper pyrithione (4.908μgl-1), Ziram (5.421μgl-1), Zinc pyrithione (5.513μgl-1), Diuron (6.640μgl-1), Zineb (232.249μgl-1), Sea-nine 211(267.368μgl-1), Chlorothalonil (360.963μgl-1) and Dichlofluanid (377.010μgl-1) in 96h. In Artemia larvae, the biocides were evaluated the LC50 for larval survivals at 48h. Sea-nine 211 and Copper pyrithione were 0.318 and 0.319mgl-1. Chlorothalonil, Zinc pyrithione and Ziram were 2.683, 3.147 and 4.778mgl-1. Irgarol 1051, Diuron, Zineb and Dichlofluanid were 9.734, 30.573, 41.170 and 154.944mgl-1. These results provide baseline data concerning the toxicity of antifouling biocides against marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Jung
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - J S Bae
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - S G Kang
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - J S Son
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - J H Jeon
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - J Y Jeon
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - M Sidharthan
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - S H Ryu
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - H W Shin
- Department of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea.
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Hassan HA. SugE belongs to the small multidrug resistance (SMR) protein family involved in tributyltin ( TBT) biodegradation and bioremediation by alkaliphilic Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga HS2. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 108:1219-1226. [PMID: 29126943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) used in a variety of industrial processes, subsequent discharge into the environment, its fate, toxicity and human exposure are topics of current concern. TBT degradation by alkaliphilic bacteria may be a key factor in the remediation of TBT in high pH contaminated sites. In this study, Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga HS2 were isolated and identified from TBT contaminated site in Mediterranean Sea. S. chelatiphaga HS2 has vigor capability to transform TBT into dibutyltin and monobutyltin (DBT and MBT) at pH 9 and 7% NaCl (w/v). A gene was amplified and characterized from strain HS2 as SugE protein belongs to SMR protein family, a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that SugE protein involved in the TBT degradation by HS2 strain. TBT bioremediation was investigated in stimulated TBT contaminated sediment samples (pH 9) using S chelatiphaga HS2 in association with E. coli BL21 (DE3)-pET28a(+)-sugE instead of S chelatiphaga HS2 alone reduced significantly the TBT half-life from 12d to 5d, although no TBT degradation appeared using E. coli BL21 (DE3)-pET28a(+)-sugE alone. This finding indicated that SugE gene increased the rate and degraded amount of TBT and is necessary in enhancing TBT bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy A Hassan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.
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24
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Wells FE, Keesing JK, Brearley A. Recovery of marine Conus (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda) from imposex at Rottnest Island, Western Australia, over a quarter of a century. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 123:182-187. [PMID: 28882508 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Imposex is a reproductive abnormality in which female snails begin to transform to males, but do not become functional. It was caused by tributyltin (TBT) used as an antifoulant in boat paints. Imposex was first recorded marine snails (Conus) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda) at Rottnest Island, Western Australia, in January 1991, where 88% of individuals at the west end were affected. Most were at moderate Stages 3 and 4 on a scale of 0 (no affect) to 6 (death). TBT was banned on boats <25m long in late 1991 in WA. In 1996, imposex had declined to 69% of females with Stages 3 and 4 still the most common. By 2007 only 35% of females exhibited imposex; Stage 3 was the highest level recorded. TBT was below detection limits. TBT was banned on vessels >25m in September 2013. In February 2017 only 4% of Conus had imposex, at Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred E Wells
- Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.
| | - John K Keesing
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Oceans Research Institute, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Anne Brearley
- Oceans Research Institute, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Jupp BP, Fowler SW, Dobretsov S, van der Wiele H, Al-Ghafri A. Assessment of heavy metal and petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the Sultanate of Oman with emphasis on harbours, marinas, terminals and ports. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 121:260-273. [PMID: 28619626 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The assessment here includes data on levels of contaminants (petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals) in sediments and biomonitor organisms, including the eulittoral rock oyster Saccostrea cucullata and subtidal biomonitors, the barnacle Balanus trigonus and the antipatharian coral Antipathes sp., at harbours, marinas, terminals and large ports along the coastline of Oman. TBT levels in harbour and port sediments up to a maximum of 100ppb TBT dry weight are highlighted. Oysters contained concentrations up to 367ppm mg TPH/kg dry weight. The maximum levels of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were found in the subtidal sediments and barnacles at the oil tanker loading Single Buoy Mooring stations in Mina Al Fahal. In general, the levels of most of the contaminants analysed are at low to moderate concentrations compared to those in highly contaminated sites such as shipyards and dry docks, but continued monitoring is recommended especially during any dredging campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry P Jupp
- P.O. Box 389, Puerto Princesa, Palawan 5300, Philippines.
| | - Scott W Fowler
- Villa Bobby, 8, Allée des Orangers 06320 Cap d'Ail, France
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, PO Box 34, Oman; Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, PO Box 50, Oman.
| | | | - Ahmed Al-Ghafri
- GEO-Resources Consultants, P.O. Box 1127, Seeb 111, CPO, Muscat, Oman
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26
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Pedersen KB, Lejon T, Jensen PE, Ottosen LM. Simultaneous electrodialytic removal of PAH, PCB, TBT and heavy metals from sediments. J Environ Manage 2017; 198:192-202. [PMID: 28460326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated sediments are remediated in order to protect human health and the environment, with the additional benefit of using the treated sediments for other activities. Common for many polluted sediments is the contamination with several different pollutants, making remediation challenging with the need of different remedial actions for each pollutant. In this study, electrodialytic remediation (EDR) of sediments was found effective for simultaneous removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants for sediments from Arctic regions - Sisimiut in Greenland and Hammerfest in Norway. The influence of sediment properties and experimental settings on the remediation process was studied by employing multivariate analysis. The importance of the variables studied varied with the pollutant and based on these results it was possible to assess removal processes for the different pollutants. Desorption was found to be important for the removal of heavy metals and TBT, while photolysis was significant for removal of PAH, PCB and TBT. In addition, dechlorination was found to be important for the removal of PCB. The highest removal efficiencies were found for heavy metals, TBT and PCB (>40%) and lower removal efficiencies for PAH (<35%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine B Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Postbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Tore Lejon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Postbox 6050 Langnes, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pernille E Jensen
- Arctic Technology Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 118, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth M Ottosen
- Arctic Technology Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 118, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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27
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Martínez ML, Piol MN, Sbarbati Nudelman N, Verrengia Guerrero NR. Tributyltin bioaccumulation and toxic effects in freshwater gastropods Pomacea canaliculata after a chronic exposure: field and laboratory studies. Ecotoxicology 2017; 26:691-701. [PMID: 28409416 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1801-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater samples and gastropod mollusks (Pomacea canaliculata) were collected at 5 sampling stations located along the lower Río de la Plata basin, Argentina, to assess the extent of tributyltin (TBT) contamination. Determined data revealed the presence of TBT and some of its breakdown products (dibutyltin: DBT, and monobutyltin: MBT) in all freshwater samples and also in soft tissues of P. canaliculata gastropods. Chronic bioassays (6 months) were performed using female gastropods that had been reared under laboratory conditions and exposed to a similar TBT concentration than the value determined in freshwater samples (1 µg L-1). The aims of this study were to evaluate the extent of TBT accumulation, the tissue distribution, and the effects on selected biomarkers (activity of superoxide dismutasa: SOD, activity of catalase: CAT, levels of total glutathione: t-GSH, lipid peroxidation, and activity of acetylcholinesterase: AChE). Gonads presented the highest accumulation, followed by the cephalopedal region, albumin gland, and finally hepatopancreas. Both metabolites, DBT and MBT, were also found. All exposed female animals presented development of a penis reflecting the potential of TBT as an endocrine disrupting chemical for this gastropod species. Results on the selected biomarkers confirmed additional adverse effects induced by TBT. An increase in CAT activity and changes in t-GSH levels are indicative of alterations on the cellular redox status. The inhibition of AChE could reflect signs of neurotoxicity. Altogether, these results reveal a negative impact on the health of this gastropod population.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 3° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Biológica, Toxicología y Química Legal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 4° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María N Piol
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Biológica, Toxicología y Química Legal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 4° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma Sbarbati Nudelman
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 3° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noemí R Verrengia Guerrero
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Biológica, Toxicología y Química Legal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 4° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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28
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Lutfi E, Riera-Heredia N, Córdoba M, Porte C, Gutiérrez J, Capilla E, Navarro I. Tributyltin and triphenyltin exposure promotes in vitro adipogenic differentiation but alters the adipocyte phenotype in rainbow trout. Aquat Toxicol 2017; 188:148-158. [PMID: 28527383 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Numerous environmental pollutants have been identified as potential obesogenic compounds affecting endocrine signaling and lipid homeostasis. Among them, well-known organotins such as tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT), can be found in significant concentrations in aquatic environments. The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro the effects of TBT and TPT on the development and lipid metabolism of rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) primary cultured adipocytes. Results showed that TBT and TPT induced lipid accumulation and slightly enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) protein expression when compared to a control, both in the presence or absence of lipid mixture. However, the effects were higher when combined with lipid, and in the absence of it, the organotins did not cause complete mature adipocyte morphology. Regarding gene expression analyses, exposure to TBT and TPT caused an increase in fatty acid synthase (fasn) mRNA levels confirming the pro-adipogenic properties of these compounds. In addition, when added together with lipid, TBT and TPT significantly increased cebpa, tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnfa) and ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (abca1) mRNA levels suggesting a synergistic effect. Overall, our data highlighted that TBT and TPT activate adipocyte differentiation in rainbow trout supporting an obesogenic role for these compounds, although by themselves they are not able to induce complete adipocyte development and maturation suggesting that these adipocytes might not be properly functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmail Lutfi
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Natàlia Riera-Heredia
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Marlon Córdoba
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Cinta Porte
- Environmental Chemistry Department, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Encarnación Capilla
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Isabel Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
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den Broeder MJ, Moester MJB, Kamstra JH, Cenijn PH, Davidoiu V, Kamminga LM, Ariese F, de Boer JF, Legler J. Altered Adipogenesis in Zebrafish Larvae Following High Fat Diet and Chemical Exposure Is Visualised by Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E894. [PMID: 28441764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life stage exposure to environmental chemicals may play a role in obesity by altering adipogenesis; however, robust in vivo methods to quantify these effects are lacking. The goal of this study was to analyze the effects of developmental exposure to chemicals on adipogenesis in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). We used label-free Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) microscopy for the first time to image zebrafish adipogenesis at 15 days post fertilization (dpf) and compared standard feed conditions (StF) to a high fat diet (HFD) or high glucose diet (HGD). We also exposed zebrafish embryos to a non-toxic concentration of tributyltin (TBT, 1 nM) or Tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate (TDCiPP, 0.5 µM) from 0–6 dpf and reared larvae to 15 dpf under StF. Potential molecular mechanisms of altered adipogenesis were examined by qPCR. Diet-dependent modulation of adipogenesis was observed, with HFD resulting in a threefold increase in larvae with adipocytes, compared to StF and HGD. Developmental exposure to TBT but not TDCiPP significantly increased adipocyte differentiation. The expression of adipogenic genes such as pparda, lxr and lepa was altered in response to HFD or chemicals. This study shows that SRS microscopy can be successfully applied to zebrafish to visualize and quantify adipogenesis, and is a powerful approach for identifying obesogenic chemicals in vivo.
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Gros DF, Szafranski DD, Shead SD. A real world dissemination and implementation of Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy ( TBT) for veterans with affective disorders. J Anxiety Disord 2017; 46:72-77. [PMID: 27158076 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dissemination and implementation of evidence-based psychotherapies is challenging in real world clinical settings. Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy (TBT) for affective disorders was developed with dissemination and implementation in clinical settings in mind. The present study investigated a voluntary local dissemination and implementation effort, involving 28 providers participating in a four-hour training on TBT. Providers completed immediate (n=22) and six-month follow-up (n=12) training assessments and were encouraged to collect data on their TBT patients (delivery fidelity was not investigated). Findings demonstrated that providers endorsed learning of and interest in using TBT after the training. At six-months, 50% of providers reported using TBT with their patients and their perceived effectiveness of TBT to be very good to excellent. Submitted patient outcome data evidenced medium to large effect sizes. Together, these findings provide preliminary support for the effectiveness of a real world dissemination and implementation of TBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Gros
- Mental Health Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Derek D Szafranski
- Mental Health Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Sarah D Shead
- Mental Health Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
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31
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Sousa ACA, Coelho SD, Pastorinho MR, Taborda-Barata L, Nogueira AJA, Isobe T, Kunisue T, Takahashi S, Tanabe S. Levels of TBT and other selected organotin compounds in duplicate diet samples. Sci Total Environ 2017; 574:19-23. [PMID: 27621089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organotin compounds (OTs) are ubiquitous contaminants with a broad range of applications ranging from biocides and pesticides to catalysts for the production of polyurethane foams and silicones. The deleterious effects of some OTs (particularly tributyltin - TBT) upon wildlife and experimental animals are well documented and include endocrine disruption, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, genotoxicity and metabolic dysfunction in which obesity is included. However, virtually no data on the current human exposure levels is available. In order to bridge this gap, we quantified for the first time the levels of OTs in duplicate diet samples from members of the University of Aveiro in Portugal. OTs were detected in 32% of the 28 diet samples analyzed, at relatively low levels. TBT and monobutyltin were detected only in two samples and dibutyltin was detectable in three samples. Dioctyltin was quantified in four samples and monooctyltin in three samples. Phenyltins were below the detection limit in all the diet samples analyzed. Overall, for the vast majority of the samples (89%), the estimated daily intakes (EDI) of organotins through food were much lower than the established tolerable daily intakes (TDI). Hence, for the majority of the participants the risk associated with food ingestion is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C A Sousa
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan; Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Sónia D Coelho
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
| | - M Ramiro Pastorinho
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Luís Taborda-Barata
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Cova da Beira Hospital, 6200-251 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - António J A Nogueira
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tomohiko Isobe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan; Center for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Kunisue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Shin Takahashi
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan; Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Tanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
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Artifon V, Castro ÍB, Fillmann G. Spatiotemporal appraisal of TBT contamination and imposex along a tropical bay (Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil). Environ Sci Pollut Res 2016; 23:16047-16055. [PMID: 27146542 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A spatiotemporal evaluation of butyltin contamination was performed between 2010 and 2012 along Todos os Santos Bay (Northeast Brazil) using surface sediments, bivalve tissues (Anomalocardia brasiliana and Mytella guyanensis), and imposex occurrence (Stramonita rustica). The spatial study detected high tributyltin (TBT) levels (maximum values of 262 ng Sn g (-1) - 21,833 ng Sn g(-1) of total organic carbon - for surface sediments and 421 ng Sn g(-1) for bivalve tissues) in the innermost part of the bay. The TBT levels detected in M. guyanensis tissues might cause human health risk since local population consumes these organisms. These high concentrations observed in the bivalves might result in ingestions higher than the safe limits established by European Food Safety Authority (250 ng TBT kg(-1) day(-1)). Considering the temporal evaluation, no difference (p > 0.05) was observed between TBT concentrations in sediments obtained during the two sampling campaigns (2010/2011 and 2012). However, the increasing predominance of TBT metabolites (butyltin degradation index (BDI) >1) in more recent sediments indicates further degradation of old TBT inputs. In spite of that, recent inputs are still evident at this region. Nevertheless, a reduction of imposex parameters in S. rustica over the last decade suggests an overall decline in the TBT contamination, at least in the outermost and possible less impacted region of the bay. The TBT contamination is probably reducing due to the national and international legislative restrictions on the use of TBT as antifouling biocide. The contamination levels, however, are still relevant especially in the inner part of Todos os Santos Bay since they are above those that are likely to cause toxicity to the biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Artifon
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96201-900, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96201-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Fillmann
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96201-900, Brazil.
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Ytreberg E, Bighiu MA, Lundgren L, Eklund B. XRF measurements of tin, copper and zinc in antifouling paints coated on leisure boats. Environ Pollut 2016; 213:594-599. [PMID: 27016611 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) and other organotin compounds have been restricted for use on leisure boats since 1989 in the EU. Nonetheless, release of TBT is observed from leisure boats during hull maintenance work, such as pressure hosing. In this work, we used a handheld X-ray Fluorescence analyser (XRF) calibrated for antifouling paint matrixes to measure tin, copper and zinc in antifouling paints coated on leisure boats in Sweden. Our results show that over 10% of the leisure boats (n = 686) contain >400 μg/cm(2) of tin in their antifouling coatings. For comparison, one layer (40 μm dry film) of a TBT-paint equals ≈ 800 μg Sn/cm(2). To our knowledge, tin has never been used in other forms than organotin (OT) in antifouling paints. Thus, even though the XRF analysis does not provide any information on the speciation of tin, the high concentrations indicate that these leisure boats still have OT coatings present on their hull. On several leisure boats we performed additional XRF measurements by progressively scraping off the top coatings and analysing each underlying layer. The XRF data show that when tin is detected, it is most likely present in coatings close to the hull with several layers of other coatings on top. Thus, leaching of OT compounds from the hull into the water is presumed to be negligible. The risk for environmental impacts arises during maintenance work such as scraping, blasting and high pressure hosing activities. The data also show that many boat owners apply excessive paint layers when following paint manufacturers recommendations. Moreover, high loads of copper were detected even on boats sailing in freshwater, despite the more than 20 year old ban, which poses an environmental risk that has not been addressed until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ytreberg
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Shipping and Marine Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Maria Alexandra Bighiu
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Lundgren
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Britta Eklund
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Rossato M, Castro IB, Paganini CL, Colares EP, Fillmann G, Pinho GLL. Sex steroid imbalances in the muricid Stramonita haemastoma from TBT contaminated sites. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:7861-7868. [PMID: 26758306 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Imposex incidence, organotin tissue levels, and sex steroid (free and esterified testosterone and estradiol) levels were assessed in Stramonita haemastoma from Babitonga Bay (Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil). The imposex levels showed a reduction when compared to a previous evaluation performed in the same area. In spite of that, the detected imposex incidence indicated the occurrence of tributyltin (TBT) inputs that were still able to produce endocrine disruption in local gastropods. In addition, a high level of organotins was observed in tissues of imposexed females. These females also showed a hormonal imbalance, especially in the total testosterone/total estradiol ratio. These findings obtained under realistic field conditions suggest that the steroid pathway could be responsible by the imposex induction after exposure to TBT. In this case, measurements of sex steroid levels can be an additional evidence for monitoring sites and impose affected gastropod populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rossato
- Instituto de Oceanografia. Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, C.P. 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - I B Castro
- Instituto de Oceanografia. Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, C.P. 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, 11030-400, Brazil.
| | - C L Paganini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, C.P. 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - E P Colares
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, C.P. 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - G Fillmann
- Instituto de Oceanografia. Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, C.P. 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - G L L Pinho
- Instituto de Oceanografia. Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, C.P. 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
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Noring M, Håkansson C, Dahlgren E. Valuation of ecotoxicological impacts from tributyltin based on a quantitative environmental assessment framework. Ambio 2016; 45:120-9. [PMID: 26178630 PMCID: PMC4709355 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-015-0682-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the scientific literature, few valuations of biodiversity and ecosystem services following the impacts of toxicity are available, hampered by the lack of ecotoxicological documentation. Here, tributyltin is used to conduct a contingent valuation study as well as cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of measures for improving the environmental status in Swedish coastal waters of the Baltic Sea. Benefits considering different dimensions when assessing environmental status are highlighted and a quantitative environmental assessment framework based on available technology, ecological conditions, and economic valuation methodology is developed. Two scenarios are used in the valuation study: (a) achieving good environmental status by 2020 in accordance with EU legislation (USD 119 household(-1) year(-1)) and (b) achieving visible improvements by 2100 due to natural degradation (USD 108 household(-1) year(-1)) during 8 years. The later scenario was used to illustrate an application of the assessment framework. The CBA results indicate that both scenarios might generate a welfare improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noring
- Division of Environmental Strategies Research, fms, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Drottning Kristinas väg 30, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Håkansson
- Division of Environmental Strategies Research, fms, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Drottning Kristinas väg 30, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Elin Dahlgren
- Legal Affairs, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, 106 48, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Lofrano G, Libralato G, Alfieri A, Carotenuto M. Metals and tributyltin sediment contamination along the Southeastern Tyrrhenian Sea coast. Chemosphere 2016; 144:399-407. [PMID: 26386429 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic pressures can adversely affect the quality of coastal sediment posing at risk human health and the ecosystem. The Southeastern Tyrrhenian Sea (STS) coast (Italy) is still largely unexplored under this point of view. This study investigated for the first time in the area the seasonal variation and potential impact of selected metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb) and tributyltin (TBT) from sediment samples collected along the STS coast (Casalvelino Marina, Casalvelino Bay, Acciaroli Marina and Acciaroli Bay) in the perspective of Water Framework Directive and Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Data were compared to the contamination background levels of Punta Licosa reference site considering elemental enrichment factors (EFs) and single substance- and mixture-based risk characterisation ratios. Further, data were discussed considering the review of Southern Tyrrhenian Sea sediment quality. Results evidenced an increase of contamination levels from March to October showing that marinas are more impacted than bays. Sediment EFs highlighted that contamination levels were always greater than the reference site like risk characterisation ratios, suggesting the presence of potential threats. The sediment quality database generated after literature review revealed a similar situation for the whole Southern Tyrrhenian Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Lofrano
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis, National Research Council (CNR IMA), C. da S. Loja Z.I. Tito Scalo, I-85050, Potenza Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Campo della Celestia, 2737/B, I-30122, Venice, Italy.
| | - Aniello Alfieri
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Maurizio Carotenuto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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Rani KU, Musthafa MS, War M, Al-Sadoon MK, Paray BA, Shareef THMA, Nawas PMA. Impact of tributyltin on antioxidant and DNA damage response in spermatozoa of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:20000-20006. [PMID: 26296505 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Effects of tributyltin (TBT) on antioxidant [total superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR)] and DNA damage levels in the spermatozoa were studied and reported here for the first time in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Three groups of (n = 10 in each group) fishes were exposed to three different nominal concentrations of TBT viz., 1, 2, and 4 mg L(-1) along with control group for 90 days. Significant decrease of antioxidant and increased DNA damage levels were seen at higher doses of 2 and 4 mg L(-1). In prawn, the antioxidant level plays a vital role in sperm protection, activation, differential functions related to the physiology, and reproductive behavior. This study serves as a biomonitoring tool to assess the TBT effects on reproductive behavior of aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Umaa Rani
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Saiyad Musthafa
- P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai, 600014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mehrajuddin War
- P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai, 600014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad K Al-Sadoon
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Ahmad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - P Mohideen Askar Nawas
- P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, Periyar E.V.R College of Arts and Science, Trichirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wilson JG, Minchin D, McHugh B, McGovern E, Tanner CJ, Giltrap M. Declines in TBT contamination in Irish coastal waters 1987-2011, using the dogwhelk (Nucella lapillus) as a biological indicator. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 100:289-296. [PMID: 26443386 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using the vas deferens sequence index (VDSI) and relative penis size index (RPSI) in dogwhelks (Nucella lapillus), imposex levels were assessed at 63 sites within 11 sea inlets during 2010/2011 and compared these with levels gathered since 1987. Sterile females (VDS>5.0) were found at 14 of the 63 sites and 47 sites (75%) met the EcoQO (VDSI<2.0). The absence of imposex in 'control' areas on the west coast is due to the lack of vessel paint applications or net dips with TBT being used as an active anti-fouling ingredient. A significant decline was observed following 2005 when comparing VDSI levels which is consistent with the decline of TBT usage. Current levels are consistent with an overall improvement towards achieving Good Environmental Status according to the requirements under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Wilson
- Zoology Department, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - D Minchin
- MOI, Marina Village, Ballina, Killaloe, Co. Clare, Ireland; Marine Science and Technology Center, Klaipeda University, 84 Manto, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - B McHugh
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway, Ireland
| | - E McGovern
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway, Ireland
| | - C J Tanner
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, USA
| | - M Giltrap
- Zoology Department, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Laranjeiro F, Pérez S, Navarro P, Carrero JA, Beiras R. The usefulness of a sediment bioassay with the gastropod Nassarius reticulatus in tributyltin monitoring programs. Chemosphere 2015; 139:550-557. [PMID: 26318117 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the use of tributyltin (TBT) had been banned worldwide in 2008 there is still evidence of its deleterious presence in environment. We evaluate the usefulness of a 28days sediment bioassay with Nassarius reticulatus females to monitor TBT pollution, using imposex as endpoint. In addition, butyltins were determined in sediments and tissues, and, whenever posible, imposex was assessed in native N. reticulatus at the same sites where sediments were sampled. In the bioassay, a significant increase in imposex parameters was obtained with three sediments (Vi2, Vi3, and Vi4). No correlation was found between this and TBT concentrations in sediment although good correlations were obtained for TBT in tissues, putting in evidence TBT bioavailability in sediment. A significant decrease in imposex from 2008 to 2013 in native snails was only observed at sites that did not cause any effect in the bioassay. In contrast, imposex levels in 2013 were kept as high as 2008 in one of the sites where a significant imposex increase in the bioassay was observed. The bioassay proves thus to be a practical and ecological relevant tool, as: (i) it can be conducted in sites with no native populations of snails, (ii) it provides early identification of polluted sites, anticipating future imposex levels or early identification of recovering, and (iii) it yields information on the bioavailable fraction of the TBT in the sediment. Therefore, this tool can be of extreme usefulness under the scope of recent European legislative frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Laranjeiro
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; ECIMAT-Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla s/n, 36331 Coruxo-Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Sara Pérez
- ECIMAT-Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla s/n, 36331 Coruxo-Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Patricia Navarro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - José Antonio Carrero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ricardo Beiras
- ECIMAT-Universidade de Vigo, Illa de Toralla s/n, 36331 Coruxo-Vigo, Galicia, Spain
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Langston WJ, Pope ND, Davey M, Langston KM, O' Hara SCM, Gibbs PE, Pascoe PL. Recovery from TBT pollution in English Channel environments: A problem solved? Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 95:551-564. [PMID: 25733081 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Following recognition of effects in the 1980s, tributyltin (TBT) has been monitored at sites in the English Channel to evaluate the prognosis for biota - spanning the introduction of restrictions on TBT use on small boats and the recent phase-out on the global fleet. We describe how persistence and impact of TBT in clams Scrobicularia plana has changed during this period in Southampton Water and Poole Harbour. TBT contamination (and loss) in water, sediment and clams reflects the abundance and type of vessel activity: half-times in sediment (up to 8y in Poole, 33y in Southampton) are longest near commercial shipping. Recovery of clam populations - slowest in TBT-contaminated deposits - provides a useful biological measure of legislative efficacy in estuaries. On rocky shores, recovery from imposex in Nucella lapillus is evident at many sites but, near ports, is prolonged by shipping impacts, including sediment legacy, for example, in the Fal.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Langston
- Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK.
| | - N D Pope
- Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - M Davey
- Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - K M Langston
- Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - S C M O' Hara
- Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - P E Gibbs
- Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - P L Pascoe
- Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
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Ytreberg E, Lundgren L, Bighiu MA, Eklund B. New analytical application for metal determination in antifouling paints. Talanta 2015; 143:121-126. [PMID: 26078138 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the ban of applying TBT coatings on leisure boats in the late 80s, recent studies show an ongoing spread of TBT from leisure boats, particularly during hull cleaning events. Therefore, countries in EU have adopted expensive measures to clean this wash water. A more cost-efficient measure is to focus directly on the source, i.e. identify leisure boats with high concentrations of TBT and prescribe boat owners to remove the paint. We have developed a new antifouling paint application for a handheld X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer to be used for identifying boats with high area concentrations (µg/cm(2)) of Sn (indication that the hull contains TBT paint residues). Copper and zinc are also included in the application since these metals are used in the vast majority of today's paints. A blind test with up to four layers of TBT-, copper- and zinc-based paints showed good correlation between XRF-measured area concentrations and chemically analyzed concentrations. Future usage of the applications involves identification of boat hulls in particular with high Sn concentrations and also with high Cu and Zn concentrations. This method has the potential to become a useful tool in regulatory management of existence and use of toxic elements on boat hulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ytreberg
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Shipping and Marine Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Lennart Lundgren
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Britta Eklund
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Choi MS, Kwon SR, Choi SH, Kwon HC. Effect of TBT and PAHs on CYP1A, AhR and Vitellogenin Gene Expression in the Japanese Eel, Anguilla japonica. Dev Reprod 2015; 16:289-94. [PMID: 25949102 PMCID: PMC4282236 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2012.16.4.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gene expressions of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and vitellogenin (Vg) by endocrine disruptors, benzo[α]pyrene (B[a]P) and tributyltin (TBT) were examined in cultured eel hepatocytes which were isolated from eels treated previously with B[a]P (10 mg/kg) or estradiol-17β (20 mg/kg) in vivo, and the relationship between CYP1A, AhR and Vg genes were studied. When the cultured eel hepatocytes were treated with B[a]P (10-6-10-5 M) the gene expressions of CYP1A and AhR were enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner. However, when treated with TBT (10-9-10-5 M) the gene expressions of CYP1A and AhR were suppressed at high concentrations (10-6-10-5 M), while having no effects at low concentrations (10-9-10-7 M). Gene expression of Vg was also suppressed by TBT in a concentration-dependent manner in cultured eel hepatocytes which was previously treated in vivo with estradiol-17β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seop Choi
- Dept. of Aquatic Life Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan 336-708, Korea
| | - Se Ryun Kwon
- Dept. of Aquatic Life Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan 336-708, Korea
| | - Seong Hee Choi
- Dept. of Food Science, Sun Moon University, Asan 336-708, Korea
| | - Hyuk Chu Kwon
- Dept. of Aquatic Life Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan 336-708, Korea
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Huang L, Zuo Z, Zhang Y, Wang C. Toxicogenomic analysis in the combined effect of tributyltin and benzo[a]pyrene on the development of zebrafish embryos. Aquat Toxicol 2015; 158:157-164. [PMID: 25438121 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing recognition that the toxic effects of chemical mixtures are been an important issue in toxicological sciences. Tributyltin (TBT) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are widespread pollutants that occur simultaneously in the aquatic environments. This study was designed to examine comprehensively the combined effects of TBT and BaP on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos using toxicogenomic approach combined with biochemical detection and morphological analysis, and tried to gain insight into the mechanisms underlying the combined effects of TBT and BaP. The results of toxicogenomic data indicated that: (1) TBT cotreatment rescued the embryos from decreased hatching ratio caused by BaP alone, while the alteration of gene expression (in this article the phrase gene expression is used as a synonym to gene transcription, although in is acknowledged that gene expression can also be regulated by, e.g., translation and mRNA or protein stability) relative to zebrafish hatching in the BaP groups was resumed by the cotreatment with TBT; (2) BaP cotreatment decreased TBT-mediated dorsal curvature, and alleviated the perturbation of Notch pathway caused by TBT alone; (3) cotreatment with TBT decreased BaP-mediated bradycardia, which might be due to that TBT cotreatment alleviated the perturbation in expression of genes related to cardiac muscle cell development and calcium handling caused by BaP alone; 4) TBT cotreatment brought an antagonistic effect on the BaP-mediated oxidative stress and DNA damage. These results suggested that toxicogenomic approach was available for analyzing combined toxicity with high sensitivity and accuracy, which might improve our understanding and predictability for the combined effects of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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Gros DF. Development and initial evaluation of Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy ( TBT) for veterans with affective disorders. Psychiatry Res 2014; 220:275-82. [PMID: 25193379 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Considerable attention has focused on the growing need for evidence-based psychotherapy for veterans with affective disorders within the Department of Veteran Affairs. Despite, and possibly due to, the large number of evidence-based protocols available, several obstacles remain in their widespread delivery within Veterans Affairs Medical Centers. In part as an effort to address these concerns, newer transdiagnostic approaches to psychotherapy have been developed to provide a single treatment that is capable of addressing several, related disorders. The goal of the present investigation was to develop and evaluate a transdiagnostic psychotherapy, Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy (TBT), in veterans with affective disorders. Study 1 provided initial support for transdiagnostic presentation of evidence-based psychotherapy components in veterans with principal diagnoses of affective disorders (n=15). These findings were used to inform the development of the TBT protocol. In Study 2, an initial evaluation of TBT was completed in a second sample of veterans with principal diagnoses of affective disorders (n=29). The findings of Study 2 demonstrated significant improvements in symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, posttraumatic stress, and related impairment across participants with various principal diagnoses. Together, the investigation provided preliminary support for effectiveness of TBT in veterans with affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Gros
- Mental Health Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
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García-Carrillo S, Aranda FJ, Ortiz A, Teruel JA. Kinetic characterization of Ca²⁺-ATPase (SERCA1) inhibition by tri-n-butyltin(IV) chloride. A docking conformation proposal. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:1211-24. [PMID: 24999014 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.939997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Organotin compounds, such as tri-n-butyltin(IV) chloride (TBT), are widespread toxicants which disrupt different functions in living organisms. TBT interacts with lipid membranes and membrane proteins. The inhibition of the calcium ATPase from sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes by TBT was studied. It was found that the ATPase inhibition could not be reverted in a large time scale; moreover, an excess of TBT over enzyme did not fully inhibit the ATPase activity; therefore, it was concluded that TBT irreversibly inhibits the enzyme, and this inhibition is accompanied by a decrease in the effective TBT concentration. The residual ATP hydrolysis activity was measured at different TBT concentrations with time, and the protective effect of different calcium concentrations on the TBT inhibition was also determined. The simplest kinetic mechanism to successfully explain all the observations and the kinetic behavior was found to be a single irreversible step of the inhibitor binding to the enzyme accompanied with a first-order inhibitor inactivation. A fluorescence study of fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate-labeled enzyme revealed that TBT binding to the enzyme entails a conformational change related to the high- to low-affinity calcium-binding state transition (E1 to E2 transition), resembling the conformational change induced by vanadate linked to the formation of E2 V complex from E1 state. A docking study allowed us to propose a binding pocket for TBT in the membrane region of E1 close to the high-affinity calcium-binding sites, as well as to define the interactions with amino acid residues interfering with calcium sites occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scheherezade García-Carrillo
- a Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A , Universidad de Murcia, Espinardo , Murcia 30100 , Spain
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Tribe D. Ascendancy of agricultural biotechnology in the Australian political mainstream coexists with technology criticism by a vocal-minority. GM Crops Food 2014; 5:229-40. [PMID: 25437242 PMCID: PMC5033177 DOI: 10.4161/21645698.2014.964120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Australia is a federation of States. This political structure necessitates collaborative arrangements between Australian governments to harmonize national regulation of gene technology and food standards. Extensive political negotiation among institutions of federal government has managed regulation of GM crops and food. Well-developed human resources in Australian government provided numerous policy documents facilitating a transparent political process. Workable legislation has been devised in the face of criticisms of gene technology though the political process. Conflicts between potential disruptions to food commodity trade by precautionary proposals for environmental protection were one cause of political tensions, and differences in policy priorities at regional political levels versus national and international forums for negotiation were another. Australian policy outcomes on GM crops reflect (a) strong economic self-interest in innovative and productive farming, (b) reliance on global agricultural market reforms through the Cairns trade group and the WTO, and (c) the importance of Codex Alimentarius and WTO instruments SPS and TBT. Precautionary frameworks for GM food safety assurance that are inconsistent with WTO obligations were avoided in legislation. Since 2008 the 2 major parties, Australian Labor Party (ALP) and the Liberals appear to have reached a workable consensus at the Federal policy level about an important role for agricultural biotechnology in Australia's economic future.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tribe
- a Agriculture and Food Systems ; University of Melbourne ; Parkville , Australia
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Biemann R, Fischer B, Blüher M, Navarrete Santos A. Tributyltin affects adipogenic cell fate commitment in mesenchymal stem cells by a PPARγ independent mechanism. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 214:1-9. [PMID: 24513447 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The food contaminant tributyltin (TBT) is an endocrine disrupting compound (EDC) promoting adipogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Although prenatal TBT exposure has been shown to induce obesity, the underlying mechanisms and the role of the transcription factor PPARγ are not clarified yet. At different stages of adipogenesis, multipotent murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), C3H10T1/2, were exposed to TBT and analyzed for adipogenic differentiation, PPARγ promoter activation and PPARγ1, PPARγ2, Pref-1 and SOX9 expression. Depending on the exposure window, TBT promoted subsequent adipogenesis independently and dependently from PPARγ. In undifferentiated MSC, TBT exposure induced a transcriptional PPARγ-independent repression of Pref-1 and SOX9, which are both suppressors of adipogenic cell fate commitment. During hormonal induction TBT additionally enhanced adipogenic differentiation by PPARγ signaling. The impact of TBT on early cell fate development documents a novel mechanistic insight in the development of adipocytes derived from MSC and its susceptibility to EDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Biemann
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Kim NS, Shim WJ, Yim UH, Hong SH, Ha SY, Han GM, Shin KH. Assessment of TBT and organic booster biocide contamination in seawater from coastal areas of South Korea. Mar Pollut Bull 2014; 78:201-208. [PMID: 24295595 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Seawater samples from major enclosed bays, fishing ports, and harbors of Korea were analyzed to determine levels of tributyltin (TBT) and booster biocides, which are antifouling agents used as alternatives to TBT. TBT levels were in the range of not detected (nd) to 23.9 ng Sn/L. Diuron and Irgarol 1051, at concentration ranges of 35-1360 ng/L and nd to 14 ng/L, respectively, were the most common alternative biocides present in seawater, with the highest concentrations detected in fishing ports. Hot spots were identified where TBT levels exceeded environmental quality targets even 6 years after a total ban on its use in Korea. Diuron exceeded the UK environmental quality standard (EQS) value in 73% of the fishing port samples, 64% of the major bays, and 42% of the harbors. Irgarol 1051 levels were marginally below the Dutch and UK EQS values at all sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Sook Kim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 41 Jangmok 1-gil, Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi 656-834, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Joon Shim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 41 Jangmok 1-gil, Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi 656-834, Republic of Korea.
| | - Un Hyuk Yim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 41 Jangmok 1-gil, Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Hong
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 41 Jangmok 1-gil, Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Ha
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 41 Jangmok 1-gil, Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Myung Han
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 41 Jangmok 1-gil, Jangmok-myon, Geoje-shi 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
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Brande-Lavridsen N, Korsgaard B, Dahllöf I, Strand J, Tairova Z, Bjerregaard P. Abnormalities in eelpout Zoarces viviparus upon chemical exposure. Mar Environ Res 2013; 92:87-94. [PMID: 24080412 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Elevated frequencies of abnormal embryos in female eelpout Zoarces viviparus have been demonstrated in Danish, Swedish and German monitoring programmes at certain geographic locations with high levels of anthropogenic input. Pollutants present in areas with high malformation frequencies were selected and tested in a controlled laboratory experiment for their potential to induce abnormalities among eelpout embryos upon injection into pregnant eelpout. Tributyltin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, pyrene, nonylphenol, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromophenylether and heptadecafluorooctanesulfonic acid were tested, either individually or combined. Generally, the chemicals were transferred to eggs and/or embryos. Some of the exposures increased the proportion of broods with more than 10% abnormal or 5% malformed embryos, although the average percentages of abnormal development were not affected. Spinal, cranial and eye deformities were evident, similarly to what is seen in nature. Some of the exposures resulted in increased percentages of females with as well a low reproductive capacity as embryos with a low condition index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Brande-Lavridsen
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Komoike Y, Matsuoka M. Exposure to tributyltin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response in zebrafish. Aquat Toxicol 2013; 142-143:221-229. [PMID: 24055755 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a major marine contaminant and causes endocrine disruption, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of TBT have not been fully elucidated. We examined whether exposure to TBT induces the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in zebrafish, a model organism. Zebrafish-derived BRF41 fibroblast cells were exposed to 0.5 or 1 μM TBT for 0.5-16 h and subsequently lysed and immunoblotted to detect ER stress-related proteins. Zebrafish embryos, grown until 32 h post fertilization (hpf), were exposed to 1 μM TBT for 16 h and used in whole mount in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to visualize the expression of ER chaperones and an ER stress-related apoptosis factor. Exposure of the BRF41 cells to TBT caused phosphorylation of the zebrafish homolog of protein kinase RNA-activated-like ER kinase (PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α), and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), characteristic splicing of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) mRNA, and enhanced expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) protein. In TBT-exposed zebrafish embryos, ectopic expression of the gene encoding zebrafish homolog of the 78 kDa glucose-regulating protein (GRP78) and gene encoding CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) was detected in the precursors of the neuromast, which is a sensory organ for detecting water flow and vibration. Our in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that exposure of zebrafish to TBT induces the ER stress response via activation of both the PERK-eIF2α and IRE1-XBP1 pathways of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in an organ-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Komoike
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health I, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
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