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Poznyak AV, Orekhova VA, Sukhorukov VN, Khotina VA, Popov MA, Orekhov AN. Atheroprotective Aspects of Heat Shock Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11750. [PMID: 37511509 PMCID: PMC10380699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major global health problem. Being a harbinger of a large number of cardiovascular diseases, it ultimately leads to morbidity and mortality. At the same time, effective measures for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis have not been developed, to date. All available therapeutic options have a number of limitations. To understand the mechanisms behind the triggering and development of atherosclerosis, a deeper understanding of molecular interactions is needed. Heat shock proteins are important for the normal functioning of cells, actively helping cells adapt to gradual changes in the environment and survive in deadly conditions. Moreover, multiple HSP families play various roles in the progression of cardiovascular disorders. Some heat shock proteins have been shown to have antiatherosclerotic effects, while the role of others remains unclear. In this review, we considered certain aspects of the antiatherosclerotic activity of a number of heat shock proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V Poznyak
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia
| | - Varvara A Orekhova
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria A Khotina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8, Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Popov
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI), 61/2, Shchepkin St., 129110 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia
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Chang MK, Chang L, Kuo HY, Arango CA. A Rare Complication of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura/IgA Vasculitis in an Adult Woman After COVID-19 Infection. Cureus 2023; 15:e42063. [PMID: 37602083 PMCID: PMC10433697 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can affect multiple organs due to activation of an inflammatory response. One of the key components of this response is the activation of immunoglobulin A (IgA), thus causing endothelial injury and inflammation. Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) has been rarely reported in adult patients as a complication of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. In this report, we present a case of HSP occurring one week after the diagnosis of COVID-19 in a 23-year-old woman. Her symptoms included nausea, vomiting, diffused abdominal pain, joint pain, hematuria, and palpable purpura of the lower extremities. She was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone sodium succinate, followed by oral prednisone therapy, which resulted in clinical improvement, including resolution of abdominal and joint pain as well as skin rashes, without remaining renal complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Kuang Chang
- Infectious Diseases, Baptist Health System, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Leonardo Chang
- Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Hsiao-Yen Kuo
- Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Clinic, Jacksonville, USA
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Shah S, Hata J. A Rare and Severe Presentation of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura in an Adolescent With Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, Arrhythmia, Acute Gastrointestinal Bleed, and Neurological Complications. Cureus 2021; 13:e14169. [PMID: 33796429 PMCID: PMC8006498 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a childhood vasculitis disorder that involves the skin, joints, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and kidneys. It is related to immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody deposition in small blood vessels. HSP is a self-limiting disorder, but its morbidity is primarily associated with renal involvement. GI pathologies like intussusception, gastritis, duodenitis, ileitis, or ulcer have been reported to be associated with this disease. However, cardiac and neurological complications are rarely reported. We present the case of a 16-year-old, previously healthy male who was diagnosed with HSP after presenting with a non-blanching purpuric rash in the lower extremities. The patient also had joint and abdominal pain, and swelling in the extremities. There was renal dysfunction at presentation with blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 67 mg/dL and serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL. The serum albumin was low at 2 g/dL, and the patient had nephrotic range proteinuria. Urine microscopy showed red blood cell casts. A renal biopsy was performed, which showed IgA deposition in glomeruli. He was started on intravenous (IV) pulse methylprednisolone and was later prescribed oral steroids. Four weeks after the treatment initiation, he presented with syncope and acute anemia (hemoglobin of 3.5 g/dL). The fecal occult blood was positive. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was not suggestive of gastritis, duodenitis, or ulcer. The pill-cam capsule endoscopy revealed GI bleeding from the terminal ileum near Meckel’s diverticulum. He subsequently required blood transfusions, and the bleeding eventually improved with symptomatic management. Six weeks after treatment initiation, he presented with dizziness and palpitations. The EKG showed the presence of atrial fibrillation, and he had an episode of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia on telemetry. Arrhythmia was diagnosed secondary to HSP cardiac vasculitis, and we initiated treatment with metoprolol and amiodarone. Seven weeks after the initial treatment, he had neurological clinical findings of proximal muscle weakness, tremors, and upper and lower extremity clonus. A second renal biopsy was then performed due to the presence of persistently elevated serum creatinine, which showed 75% of glomeruli with cellular crescents. He was treated with IV cyclophosphamide. Subsequently, the renal function improved. There were no other GI, cardiac, or neurological complications after six months of follow-up. The presentation of HSP can be more severe in adolescents, and they need to be closely monitored for GI, cardiac, renal, and neurological complications after the disease occurrence. Bleeding from Meckel’s diverticulum or an episode of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia with HSP has not been previously reported to our knowledge. Arrhythmia is an exceptionally unusual occurrence in HSP, and it is usually treated with anti-arrhythmic drugs and intensification of the immunosuppressive regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Shah
- Pediatric Nephrology, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, USA
| | - Jessica Hata
- Pathology, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, USA
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Nabrinsky E, Kamar A, Mohammed Saeed D, Pins M, Stone A. Acute Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Associated With a High Ki-67 Proliferative Index. Cureus 2020; 12:e7905. [PMID: 32494520 PMCID: PMC7263412 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HSP) is an interstitial lung disease caused by exposure to a large range of environmental antigens. Inhaling aerosolized particles leads to a heightened immune response. HSP comes in acute, subacute, or chronic forms, all with their own potential clinical and radiographic findings. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is the most common nontuberculous mycobacteria and is known to cause HSP with certain exposures. However, although certain histologic findings can be seen with HSP, a high ki-67 proliferation index is unusual and more commonly associated with malignancy. In this report, we discuss a case of MAC that had acute HSP associated with a high ki-67 proliferative index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Nabrinsky
- Internal Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, USA
| | - Amanda Kamar
- Internal Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, USA
| | | | - Michael Pins
- Pathology, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, USA
| | - Arvey Stone
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, USA
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Hakiem OR, Parijat P, Tripathi P, Batra JK. Mechanism of HrcA function in heat shock regulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biochimie 2020; 168:285-96. [PMID: 31765672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are a conserved family of proteins that are over-expressed in response to heat and other stresses. The regulation of expression of chaperone proteins plays a vital role in pathogenesis of various bacterial pathogens. In M. tuberculosis, HrcA and HspR negatively regulate heat shock protein operons by binding to their cognate DNA elements, CIRCE and HAIR respectively. In this study, we show that M. tuberculosis HrcA is able to bind to its cognate CIRCE DNA element present in the upstream regions of groES and groEL2 operons only with the help of other protein(s). It is also demonstrated that M. tuberculosis HrcA binds to a CIRCE like DNA element present in the upstream region of hrcA gene suggesting its auto-regulatory nature. In addition, we report the presence of a putative HAIR element in the upstream region of groES operon and demonstrate the binding of HspR to it. In vitro, HrcA inhibited the DNA binding activity of HspR in a dose-dependent manner. The current study demonstrates that M. tuberculosis HrcA requires other protein(s) to function, and the heat shock protein expression in M. tuberculosis is negatively regulated jointly by HrcA and HspR.
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Morano KA, Thiele DJ. Heat shock factor function and regulation in response to cellular stress, growth, and differentiation signals. Gene Expr 2018; 7:271-82. [PMID: 10440228 PMCID: PMC6174667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock factors (HSF) activate the transcription of genes encoding products required for protein folding, processing, targeting, degradation, and function. Although HSFs have been extensively studied with respect to their role in thermotolerance and the activation of gene expression in response to environmental stress, the involvement of HSFs in response to stresses associated with cell growth and differentiation, and in response to normal physiological processes is becoming increasingly clear. In this work, we review recent advances toward understanding how cells transmit growth control and developmental signals, and interdigitate cellular physiology, to regulate HSF function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. Morano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0606
| | - Dennis J. Thiele
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0606
- Address correspondence to Dennis J. Thiele. Tel: (734) 763-5717; Fax: (734) 763-4581; E-mail:
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Abstract
RATIONALE We report a case of Spastic paraplegia 8 (SPG8) with a novel mutation of KIAA0196 gene. PATIENTS CONCERNS A 12-year-old boy presented as ankle sprained, lower limb stiffness, abnormal gait since he was 5 years old. DIAGNOSES The next generation sequence showed a novel c.1128delG (p.L376fs) mutation in KIAA0196 gene, the electromyography showed the pyramidal tract conduction dysfunction and deep sensory conduction abnormalities of lower limbs without motor neuron damage. The diagnose was SPG8. INTERVENTIONS Patient was gaven Baclofen treatment (30 mg/day, orally). OUTCOMES At one year follow up, his symptoms didn't improved. LESSONS We describe a novel KIAA0196 c.1128del.G (p.L376fs) mutation in a Chinese patient with SPG8. To our knowledge, it's the first frame delete mutation causing shift mutation of KIAA0196 gene, resulting in the earliest onset of SPG8 in the world. Gene sequencing is a powerful diagnostic tool to identify a causal mutation in genetically heterogeneous HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Ma
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Yingying Shi
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongcan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shujian Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Qin
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Yeramian A, Vea A, Benítez S, Ribera J, Domingo M, Santacana M, Martinez M, Maiques O, Valls J, Dolcet X, Vilella R, Cabiscol E, Matias-Guiu X, Marti RM. 2-phenylethynesulphonamide (PFT-μ) enhances the anticancer effect of the novel hsp90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 in melanoma, by reducing GSH levels. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2017; 29:352-71. [PMID: 26988132 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), are molecular chaperones that assist the proper folding of nascent proteins. This study aims to evaluate the antitumour effects of the hsp90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 in melanoma, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that NVP-AUY922 inhibits melanoma cell growth in vitro, with down regulation of multiple signalling pathways involved in melanoma progression such as NF-ĸB and MAPK/ERK. However, NVP-AUY922 was unable to limit tumour growth in vivo. Cotreatment of A375M xenografts with NVP-AUY922 and PFT-μ, a dual inhibitor of both hsp70 and autophagy, induced a synergistic increase of cell death in vitro, and delayed tumour formation in A375M xenografts. PFT-μ depleted cells from the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) and increased oxidative stress. The oxidative stress induced by PFT-μ further enhanced NVP-AUY922-induced cytotoxic effects. These data suggest a potential therapeutic role for NVP-AUY922 used in combination with PFT-μ, in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andree Yeramian
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Alvar Vea
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRB-Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Sandra Benítez
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joan Ribera
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mónica Domingo
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Montserrat Martinez
- Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRB-Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joan Valls
- Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRB-Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ramón Vilella
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Cabiscol
- Departament de Ciencies Mediques basiques, IRBlleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Rosa M Marti
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRB-Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are a highly conserved family of proteins. The regulation of expression of Hsps in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is regulated both positively and negatively by alternate sigma factors and transcriptional DNA repressors, respectively. HspR is a negative regulator of expression of hsps, DnaK, ClpB, and Acr2 in M. tuberculosis. In this study, we expressed the M. tuberculosis HspR (MtHspR) in E. coli, and functionally characterized it. MtHspR independently bound to its putative cognate DNA, the HAIR element. MtHspR was found to exist in a dynamic mixture of dimeric and monomeric protein and presence of salt led to the formation of trimers which lacked the DNA binding activity. MtHspR was found to be heat stable with a Tm of 66°C. HspR-HAIR binding was stable upto 60°C suggesting that MtHspR is not the heat stress sensor. Mycobacterial DnaK was found to interact directly with MtHspR-HAIR complex in vitro in an ATP independent manner. The DnaK-HspR-HAIR binding pattern altered at high temperatures in the presence of aggregated α-casein substrate, suggesting that DnaK may indirectly be responding to heat stress in a feedback loop mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Parijat
- Immunochemistry Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Janendra K Batra
- Immunochemistry Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
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Parkunan T, Banerjee D, Mohanty N, Das PK, Ghosh P, Mukherjee J, Paul A, Das AK, Nanda PK, Naskar S, Mohan NH, Sarkar M, Das BC. A comparative study on the expression profile of MCTs and HSPs in Ghungroo and Large White Yorkshire breeds of pigs during different seasons. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:441-9. [PMID: 25618330 PMCID: PMC4406938 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-014-0569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal stress has a significant adverse effect on commercial swine production but it is not easy to measure. Animals may adapt to stress conditions by an alteration in the expression of stress-related genes such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). The present study presents a comparative analysis of seasonally varied effects on the expression profiles of HSPs (27, 70, and 90) and MCTs (1, 2, and 4) transcripts in thigh muscle and colon tissue of Ghungroo and Large White Yorkshire (LWY) breeds of pig. By real-time polymerase chain reaction, the mRNA expression of HSP27 and HSP90 genes was found to be higher in both thigh muscle and colon tissue in Ghungroo compared to Large White Yorkshire pigs during the summer. However, the relative expression of HSP70 was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in Ghungroo compared to Large White Yorkshire pigs during both seasons in both thigh muscle and colon tissue. The expression of HSP90 was higher in Ghungroo when compared to LWY though the variation was non-significant (P > 0.05) in the colon during different seasons. However, in Ghungroo, the mRNA expression of MCT1 was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher in thigh muscle and colon regions during the summer compared to LWY, whereas MCT2 was expressed more in the colon in LWY compared to Ghungroo during the summer. The relative expression of mRNA of MCT4 was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher in thigh region in both summer and winter in Ghungroo compared with LWY. Thus, the study demonstrated that both HSPs and MCTs gene expression during thermal stress suggests the possible involvement of these genes in reducing the deleterious effect of thermal stress, thus maintaining cellular integrity and homeostasis in pigs. These genes could be used as suitable markers for the assessment of stress in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulasiraman Parkunan
- />Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - Dipak Banerjee
- />Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - Niharika Mohanty
- />Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37-Belgachia Road, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - Pradip Kumar Das
- />Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - ProbalRanjan Ghosh
- />Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - Joydip Mukherjee
- />Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - Avishek Paul
- />Physiology and Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradhesh 243122 India
| | - Arun Kumar Das
- />Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37-Belgachia Road, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - P. K. Nanda
- />Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37-Belgachia Road, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - Syamal Naskar
- />Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37-Belgachia Road, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - Narayana H. Mohan
- />National Research Centre on Pigs, Rani Road, Guwahati, Assam 781131 India
| | - Mihir Sarkar
- />Physiology and Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradhesh 243122 India
| | - Bikash Chandra Das
- />Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, 37-Belgachia Road, Kolkata, 700037 India
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Boulangé-Lecomte C, Forget-Leray J, Xuereb B. Sexual dimorphism in Grp78 and Hsp90A heat shock protein expression in the estuarine copepod Eurytemora affinis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:591-7. [PMID: 24337963 PMCID: PMC4041948 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0482-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are constantly exposed to both natural and anthropogenic stressors. Under stress conditions, they elicit a cellular stress response, involving heat shock proteins (HSPs). HSPs are essential to protect proteins against aggregation and to help in the folding of native proteins or refolding of damaged ones. Because of their conservation among taxons and their inducibility after environmental/chemical stress, HSPs are commonly used as ecological and ecotoxicological biomarkers. However, the appropriate use of such molecular tools requires the investigation of the influence of biotic factors on their basal levels. As a first step in biomarker characterization, the present study aims to evaluate the impact of the reproductive cycle on the expression of the two major HSPs, Grp78 and Hsp90A in the estuarine copepod Eurytemora affinis. The constitutive expression of both genes in males was weak when compared to female levels suggesting gender-specific stress tolerance. Transcript levels gradually increased during oogenesis and maximal levels were recorded in ovigerous females. The present data support the view that the reproductive condition of individuals has to be considered as a confounding factor in stress evaluation by HSP quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Boulangé-Lecomte
- Normandie University, ULH, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (LEMA; EA3222, SFR SCALE 4116), 25 rue Philippe Lebon, BP 1123-76063, Le Havre Cedex, France,
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12
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Anttila K, Eliason EJ, Kaukinen KH, Miller KM, Farrell AP. Facing warm temperatures during migration: cardiac mRNA responses of two adult Oncorhynchus nerka populations to warming and swimming challenges. J Fish Biol 2014; 84:1439-1456. [PMID: 24684400 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The main findings of the current study were that exposing adult sockeye salmon Onchorhynchus nerka to a warm temperature that they regularly encounter during their river migration induced a heat shock response at an mRNA level, and this response was exacerbated with forced swimming. Similar to the heat shock response, increased immune defence-related responses were also observed after warm temperature treatment and with a swimming challenge in two different populations (Chilko and Nechako), but with some important differences. Microarray analyses revealed that 347 genes were differentially expressed between the cold (12-13° C) and warm (18-19° C) treated fish, with stress response (GO:0006950) and response to fungus (GO:0009620) elevated with warm treatment, while expression for genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (GO:0006119) and electron transport chain (GO:0022900) elevated for cold-treated fish. Analysis of single genes with real-time quantitative PCR revealed that temperature had the most significant effect on mRNA expression levels, with swimming and population having secondary influences. Warm temperature treatment for the Chilko population induced expression of heat shock protein (hsp) 90α, hsp90β and hsp30 as well as interferon-inducible protein. The Nechako population, which is known to have a narrower thermal tolerance window than the Chilko population, showed even more pronounced stress responses to the warm treatment and there was significant interaction between population and temperature treatment for hsp90β expression. Moreover, significant interactions were noted between temperature treatment and swimming challenge for hsp90α and hsp30, and while swimming challenge alone increased expression of these hsps, the expression levels were significantly elevated in warm-treated fish swum to exhaustion. In conclusion, it seems that adult O. nerka currently encounter conditions that induce several cellular defence mechanisms during their once-in-the-lifetime migration. As river temperatures continue to increase, it remains to be seen whether or not these cellular defences provide sufficient protection for all O. nerka populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Anttila
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Physiology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
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Place RF, Noonan EJ. Non-coding RNAs turn up the heat: an emerging layer of novel regulators in the mammalian heat shock response. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:159-72. [PMID: 24002685 PMCID: PMC3933615 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) has expanded over the last decade following the discoveries of several new classes of regulatory ncRNA. A growing amount of evidence now indicates that ncRNAs are involved even in the most fundamental of cellular processes. The heat shock response is no exception as ncRNAs are being identified as integral components of this process. Although this area of research is only in its infancy, this article focuses on several classes of regulatory ncRNA (i.e., miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA), while summarizing their activities in mammalian heat shock. We also present an updated model integrating the traditional heat shock response with the activities of regulatory ncRNA. Our model expands on the mechanisms for efficient execution of the stress response, while offering a more comprehensive summary of the major regulators and responders in heat shock signaling. It is our hope that much of what is discussed herein may help researchers in integrating the fields of heat shock and ncRNA in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F. Place
- />Anvil Biosciences, 3475 Edison Way, Ste J, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Emily J. Noonan
- />Division of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Rockville, MD USA
- />Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, 37 Convent Dr., Bldg. 37 Room 3060, Bethesda, MD 20892-4258 USA
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Tunctan B, Korkmaz B, Sari AN, Kacan M, Unsal D, Serin MS, Buharalioglu CK, Sahan-Firat S, Cuez T, Schunck WH, Manthati VL, Falck JR, Malik KU. Contribution of iNOS/sGC/PKG pathway, COX-2, CYP4A1, and gp91(phox) to the protective effect of 5,14-HEDGE, a 20-HETE mimetic, against vasodilation, hypotension, tachycardia, and inflammation in a rat model of septic shock. Nitric Oxide 2013; 33:18-41. [PMID: 23684565 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that a stable synthetic analog of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), N-[20-hydroxyeicosa-5(Z),14(Z)-dienoyl]glycine (5,14-HEDGE), prevents vascular hyporeactivity, hypotension, tachycardia, and inflammation in rats treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mortality in endotoxemic mice. These changes were attributed to decreased production of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS)-derived NO, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-derived vasodilator prostanoids, and proinflammatory mediators associated with increased cyctochrome P450 (CYP) 4A1-derived 20-HETE and CYP2C23-dependent antiinflammatory mediator formation. The aim of this study was to determine whether decreased expression and activity of iNOS, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), protein kinase G (PKG), COX-2, gp91(phox) (NOX2; a superoxide generating NOX enzyme), and peroxynitrite production associated with increased expression of COX-1 and CYP4A1 and 20-HETE formation in renal and cardiovascular tissues of rats contributes to the effect of 5,14-HEDGE to prevent vasodilation, hypotension, tachycardia, and inflammation in response to systemic administration of LPS. Mean arterial pressure fell by 28mmHg and heart rate rose by 47beats/min in LPS (10mg/kg, i.p.)-treated rats. Administration of LPS also increased mRNA and protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 associated with a decrease in COX-1 and CYP4A1 mRNA and protein expression. Increased NOS activity, iNOS-heat shock protein 90 complex formation (an index for iNOS activity), protein expression of phosphorylated vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (an index for PKG activity), gp91(phox), p47(phox) (NOXO2; organizer subunit of gp91(phox)), and nitrotyrosine (an index for peroxynitrite production) as well as cGMP (an index for sGC activity), 6-keto-PGF1α (a stable metabolite PGI2) and PGE2 levels (indexes for COX activity), and nitrotyrosine levels by LPS were also associated with decreased CYP hydroxylase activity as measured by 20-HETE formation from arachidonic acid in renal microsomes of LPS-treated rats. These effects of LPS, except iNOS mRNA and COX-1 protein expression, were prevented by 5,14-HEDGE (30mg/kg, s.c.; 1h after LPS). A competitive antagonist of vasoconstrictor effects of 20-HETE, 20-hydroxyeicosa-6(Z),15(Z)-dienoic acid (30mg/kg, s.c.; 1h after LPS) reversed the effects of 5,14-HEDGE, except iNOS and COX-1 mRNA and protein expression as well as expression of CYP4A1 mRNA. These results suggest that increased CYP4A1 expression and 20-HETE formation associated with suppression of iNOS/sGC/PKG pathway, COX-2, and gp91(phox) participate in the protective effect of 5,14-HEDGE against vasodilation, hypotension, tachycardia, and inflammation in the rat model of septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Tunctan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey.
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15
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Mertenskötter A, Keshet A, Gerke P, Paul RJ. The p38 MAPK PMK-1 shows heat-induced nuclear translocation, supports chaperone expression, and affects the heat tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans. Cell Stress Chaperones 2013; 18:293-306. [PMID: 23117578 PMCID: PMC3631094 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase PMK-1 of Caenorhabditis elegans has been associated with heavy metal, oxidative and pathogen stress. Pmk-1 is part of an operon comprising three p38 homologues, with pmk-1 expression suggested to be regulated by the operon promoter. There are contradictory reports about the cellular localization of PMK-1. We were interested to study principles of pmk-1 expression and to analyze the role of PMK-1 under heat stress. Using a translational GFP reporter, we found pmk-1 expression to be driven by a promoter in front of pmk-1. PMK-1 was detected in intestinal cells and neurons, with a cytoplasmic localization at moderate temperature. Increasing temperature above 32 °C, however, induced a nuclear translocation of PMK-1 as well as PMK-1 accumulation near to apical membranes. Testing survival rates revealed 34-35 °C as critical temperature range, where short-term survival severely decreased. Mutants of the PMK-1 pathway (pmk-1Δ, sek-1Δ, mek-1Δ) as well as a mutant of JNK pathway (jnk-1Δ) showed significantly lower survival rates than wild-type or mutants of other pathways (kgb-1Δ, daf-2Δ). Rescue and overexpression experiments verified the negative effects of pmk-1Δ on heat tolerance. Studying gene expression by RNA-seq and semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction revealed positive effects of the PMK-1 pathway on the expression of genes for chaperones, protein biosynthesis, protein degradation, and other functional categories. Thus, the PMK-1 pathway is involved in the heat stress responses of C. elegans, possibly by a PMK-1-mediated activation of the transcription factor SKN-1 and/or an indirect or direct PMK-1-dependent activation (hyperphosphorylation) of heat-shock factor 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Mertenskötter
- Institute of Zoophysiology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany.
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16
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Simar D, Jacques A, Caillaud C. Heat shock proteins induction reduces stress kinases activation, potentially improving insulin signalling in monocytes from obese subjects. Cell Stress Chaperones 2012; 17:615-21. [PMID: 22457223 PMCID: PMC3535161 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of heat shock proteins (Hsp) 72 and 27 can improve insulin signalling in obesity and type 2 diabetes via inhibition of key stress kinases. In metabolic disease, altered insulin signalling, as illustrated by increased serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 (Ser312), is not confined to muscle or liver and can also affect other tissues and cell types, potentially impairing their primary biological function. This study specifically investigated insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism in monocytes and examined the impact of HSP induction on insulin signalling. Control (CG, BMI < 25 kg/m(2)) or obese (OG, BMI > 30 kg/m(2)) participants were included in the study. Glucose transporter (GLUT)4 expression on monocytes, phosphorylated JNK, IKK-β and IRS-1, as well as Hsp27 and Hsp72, were measured in monocytes under fasting conditions. GLUT4 expression was also measured during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). HSP induction as well as JNK, IKK-β activation and IRS-1 serine phosphorylation was investigated following heat stress. Obese patients showed lower GLUT4 levels on monocytes during the OGTT. pJNK, pIKK-β and pIRS-1 levels were increased in OG with pJNK and pIKK-β levels positively correlated with serine pIRS-1 and negatively with GLUT4 supporting their role in insulin resistance. Heat exposure induced Hsp72 and Hps27, but only in CG for the latter, and decreased pJNK, pIKK-β and pIRS-1. Our results show that induction of Hsp72 and 27 via heat stress is associated with inactivation of stress kinases and reduced serine pIRS-1 in monocytes from obese participants. This indicates that metabolic diseases can also affect monocyte metabolism via cellular stress that can be modulated via HSP induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Simar
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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17
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Mizrahi T, Heller J, Goldenberg S, Arad Z. The heat shock response in congeneric land snails (Sphincterochila) from different habitats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2012; 17:639-45. [PMID: 22535471 PMCID: PMC3535165 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0340-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Land snails are subject to daily and seasonal variations in temperature and in water availability, and use heat shock proteins (HSPs) as part of their survival strategy. We used experimental heat stress to test whether adaptation to different habitats affects HSP expression in two closely related Sphincterochila snail species, a desert species, Sphincterochila zonata, and a Mediterranean-type species, Sphincterochila cariosa. Our findings show that in S. cariosa, heat stress caused rapid induction of Hsp70 proteins and Hsp90 in the foot and kidney tissues, whereas the desert-inhabiting species S. zonata displayed delayed induction of Hsp70 proteins in the foot and upregulation of Hsp90 alone in the kidney. Our study suggests that Sphincterochila species use HSPs as part of their survival strategy following heat stress and that adaptation to different habitats results in the development of distinct strategies of HSP expression in response to heat, namely the reduced induction of HSPs in the desert-dwelling species. We suggest that the desert species S. zonata relies on mechanisms and adaptations other than HSP induction, thus avoiding the fitness consequences of continuous HSP upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Mizrahi
- />Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa, 32000 Israel
| | - Joseph Heller
- />Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
| | | | - Zeev Arad
- />Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa, 32000 Israel
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18
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Mizrahi T, Heller J, Goldenberg S, Arad Z. Heat shock proteins and survival strategies in congeneric land snails (Sphincterochila) from different habitats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2012; 17:523-7. [PMID: 22528052 PMCID: PMC3535171 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Polmunate land snails are subject to stress conditions in their terrestrial habitat, and depend on a range of behavioural, physiological and biochemical adaptations for coping with problems of maintaining water, ionic and thermal balance. The involvement of the heat shock protein (HSP) machinery in land snails was demonstrated following short-term experimental aestivation and heat stress, suggesting that land snails use HSPs as part of their survival strategy. As climatic variation was found to be associated with HSP expression, we tested whether adaptation of land snails to different habitats affects HSP expression in two closely related Sphincterochila snail species, a desert species Sphincterochila zonata and a Mediterranean-type species Sphincterochila cariosa. Our study suggests that Sphincterochila species use HSPs as part of their survival strategy following desiccation and heat stress, and as part of the natural annual cycle of activity and aestivation. Our studies also indicate that adaptation to different habitats results in the development of distinct strategies of HSP expression in response to stress, namely the reduced expression of HSPs in the desert-inhabiting species. We suggest that these different strategies reflect the difference in heat and aridity encountered in the natural habitats, and that the desert species S. zonata relies on mechanisms and adaptations other than HSP induction thus avoiding the fitness consequences of continuous HSP upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Mizrahi
- />Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa, 32000 Israel
| | - Joseph Heller
- />Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
| | | | - Zeev Arad
- />Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa, 32000 Israel
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Literáti-Nagy Z, Tory K, Literáti-Nagy B, Kolonics A, Török Z, Gombos I, Balogh G, Vígh L, Horváth I, Mandl J, Sümegi B, Hooper PL, Vígh L. The HSP co-inducer BGP-15 can prevent the metabolic side effects of the atypical antipsychotics. Cell Stress Chaperones 2012; 17:517-21. [PMID: 22322357 PMCID: PMC3368033 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-012-0327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Weight gain and dysfunction of glucose and lipid metabolism are well-known side effects of atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPD). Here, we address the question whether a heat-shock protein (HSP) co-inducer, insulin sensitizer drug candidate, BGP-15, can prevent AAPD-induced glucose, lipid, and weight changes. We also examined how an AAPD alters HSP expression and whether BGP-15 alters that expression. Four different experiments are reported on the AAPD BGP-15 interventions in a human trial of healthy men, a rodent animal model, and an in vitro adipocyte cell culture system. Olanzapine caused rapid insulin resistance in healthy volunteers and was associated with decreased level of HSP72 in peripheral mononuclear blood cells. Both changes were restored by the administration of BGP-15. In Wistar rats, weight gain and insulin resistance induced by clozapine were abolished by BGP-15. In 3T3L1 adipocytes, clozapine increased intracellular fat accumulation, and BGP-15 inhibited this process. Taken together, our results indicate that BGP-15 inhibits multiple metabolic side effects of atypical antipsychotics, and this effect is likely to be related to its HSP co-inducing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Literáti-Nagy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Tory
- N-Gene Research and Development Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Zsolt Török
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Gombos
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Balogh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vígh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Mecsek Pharma Research Ltd., Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ibolya Horváth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Mandl
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Sümegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Philip L. Hooper
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - László Vígh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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Abstract
Until recently, the immune system was seen solely as a defense system with its primary task being the elimination of unwanted microbial invaders. Currently, however, the functional significance of the immune system has obtained a much wider perspective, to include among others the maintenance and restoration of homeostasis following tissue damage. In this latter aspect, there is a growing interest in the identification of molecules involved, such as the so-called danger or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), also called alarmins. Since heat shock proteins are archetypical molecules produced under stressful conditions, such as tissue damage or inflammation, they are frequently mentioned as prime examples of DAMPs (Bianchi, J Leukoc Biol 81:1-5, 2007; Kono and Rock, Nat Rev Immunol 8:279-289, 2008; Martin-Murphy et al., Toxicol Lett 192:387-394, 2010). See for instance also a recent review (Chen and Nunez, Science 298:1395-1401, 2010). Contrary to this description, we recently presented some of the arguments against a role of heat shock protein as DAMPs (Broere et al., Nat Rev Immunol 11:565-c1, 2011). With this perspective and reflection article, we hope to elaborate on this debate and provide additional thoughts to further ignite this discussion on this critical and evolving issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem van Eden
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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21
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Freitas JS, Silva EM, Leal J, Gras DE, Martinez-Rossi NM, dos Santos LD, Palma MS, Rossi A. Transcription of the Hsp30, Hsp70, and Hsp90 heat shock protein genes is modulated by the PalA protein in response to acid pH-sensing in the fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:565-72. [PMID: 21553327 PMCID: PMC3156257 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-011-0267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones linked to a myriad of physiological functions in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In this study, we show that the Aspergillus nidulans hsp30 (ANID_03555.1), hsp70 (ANID_05129.1), and hsp90 (ANID_08269.1) genes are preferentially expressed in an acidic milieu, whose expression is dependent on the palA (+) background under optimal temperature for fungal growth. Heat shock induction of these three hsp genes showed different patterns in response to extracellular pH changes in the palA(+) background. However, their accumulation upon heating for 2 h was almost unaffected by ambient pH changes in the palA (-) background. The PalA protein is a member of a conserved signaling cascade that is involved in the pH-mediated regulation of gene expression. Moreover, we identified several genes whose expression at pH 5.0 is also dependent on the palA (+) background. These results reveal novel aspects of the heat- and pH-sensing networks of A. nidulans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína S. Freitas
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049–900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Emiliana M. Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049–900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana Leal
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049–900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Diana E. Gras
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049–900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049–900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Lucilene Delazari dos Santos
- Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 13506–900 Rio Claro, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mario S. Palma
- Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 13506–900 Rio Claro, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049–900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
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22
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López-Frías G, Martínez LM, Ponce G, Cassab GI, Nieto-Sotelo J. Role of HSP101 in the stimulation of nodal root development from the coleoptilar node by light and temperature in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. J Exp Bot 2011; 62:4661-73. [PMID: 21652530 PMCID: PMC3170559 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nodal roots (NRs) constitute the prevalent root system of adult maize plants. NRs emerge from stem nodes located below or above ground, and little is known about their inducing factors. Here, it is shown that precocious development of NRs at the coleoptilar node (NRCNs) occurred in maize seedlings when: (i) dark grown and stimulated by the concurrent action of a single light shock of low intensity white light (2 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) and a single heat shock; (ii) grown under a photoperiod of low intensity light (0.1 μmol m(-2) s(-1)); or (iii) grown in the dark under a thermoperiod (28 °C/34 °C). The light shock effects were synergistic with heat shock and with the photoperiod, whereas the thermoperiodical and photoperiodical effects were additive. Dissection of the primary root or the root cap, to mimic the fatal consequences of severe heat shock, caused negligible effects on NRCN formation, indicating that the shoot is directly involved in perception of the heat shock-inducible signal that triggered NRCN formation. A comparison between hsp101-m5::Mu1/hsp101-m5::Mu1 and Hsp101/Hsp101 seedlings indicated that the heat shock protein 101 (HSP101) chaperone inhibited NRCN formation in the light and in the dark. Stimulation of precocious NRCN formation by light and heat shocks was affected by genetic background and by the stage of seedling development. HSP101 protein levels increased in the coleoptilar node of induced wild-type plants, particularly in the procambial region, where NRCN formation originated. The adaptive relevance of development of NRCNs in response to these environmental cues and hypothetical mechanisms of regulation by HSP101 are discussed.
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Abstract
Brief periods of heat stress of even a few days can have a detrimental effect on yield production worldwide, causing devastating economic and societal impacts. Here we report on the identification of a new heat-response regulon in plants controlled by the multiprotein bridging factor 1c (MBF1c) protein of Arabidopsis thaliana. Members of the highly conserved MBF1 protein family function as non-DNA-binding transcriptional co-activators involved in regulating metabolic and development pathways in different organisms from yeast to humans. Nonetheless, our studies suggest that MBF1c from Arabidopsis functions as a transcriptional regulator which binds DNA and controls the expression of 36 different transcripts during heat stress, including the important transcriptional regulator DRE-binding protein 2A (DREB2A), two heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), and several zinc finger proteins. We further identify CTAGA as a putative response element for MBF1c, demonstrate that the DNA-binding domain of MBF1c has a dominant-negative effect on heat tolerance when constitutively expressed in plants, and show that constitutive expression of MBF1c in soybean enhances yield production in plants grown under controlled growth conditions without causing adverse effects on growth. Our findings could have a significant impact on improving heat tolerance and yield of different crops subjected to heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Suzuki
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203
| | - Hiroe Sejima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Mail Stop 200, Reno NV 89557, USA
| | - Rachel Tam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Mail Stop 200, Reno NV 89557, USA
| | - Karen Schlauch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Mail Stop 200, Reno NV 89557, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203
- Department of Plant Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Le Masson F, Christians E. HSFs and regulation of Hsp70.1 (Hspa1b) in oocytes and preimplantation embryos: new insights brought by transgenic and knockout mouse models. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:275-85. [PMID: 21053113 PMCID: PMC3077227 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene encoding heat shock protein (Hsps) are induced following a thermal stress thanks to the activation of heat shock transcription factor (HSF) which interacts with heat shock elements (HSE) located within the sequence of Hsp promoters. This cellular and protective response (heat shock response (HSR)) is well known and evolutionarily conserved. Nevertheless, HSR does not function in all the cells produced during the life of a multicellular organism, e.g., early mouse embryos. Taking advantage of mouse transgenic and knockout models, we investigated the roles of trans (HSF 1 and 2) and cis (HSE) regulatory elements in the control of Hsp70.1 (Hspa1b) through several developmental steps from oocytes to blastocysts. Our studies confirm that, even in absence of any stress, HSF1 regulates Hsp70.1 in oocytes and early embryos. Our data emphasize the role of maternal and paternal HSFs in the developmentally regulated expression of Hsp70.1 observed when the zygotic genome activation occurs. Furthermore, in this unstressed developmental condition, affinity and binding to HSEs might be more permissive than in the stress response. Finally, submitting blastocyst to different stress conditions, we show that HSF2 is differentially required for Hsp expression and cell survival. Taken together, our findings indicate that the role of heat shock trans and cis regulatory elements evolve along the successive steps of early embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Le Masson
- Université Toulouse3, UPS, UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, 118 route de Narbonne (Bat 4R3B3), 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Elisabeth Christians
- Université Toulouse3, UPS, UMR 5547, Centre de Biologie du Développement, 118 route de Narbonne (Bat 4R3B3), 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
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Manaenko A, Fathali N, Williams S, Lekic T, Zhang JH, Tang J. Geldanamycin reduced brain injury in mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2011; 111:161-5. [PMID: 21725749 PMCID: PMC3569067 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0693-8_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the heat shock protein inducer geldanamycin on the development of secondary brain injury after ICH in mice. The effect of the drug at two different concentrations was evaluated at two time points: 24 and 72 h after ICH induction. In the first part of this study, a total of 30 male CD-1 mice were randomly divided into four groups: one sham group and three ICH groups. ICH animals received either an intraperitoneal injection of vehicle or geldanamycin (1 or 10 mg/kg). Neurological deficits and brain water content were evaluated 24 h after ICH. In the second part of this study, the effect of a high concentration of geldanamycin was evaluated 72 h after ICH. Neurological deficits were evaluated by the Garcia neuroscoring, wire hanging and beam balance tests. For estimation of brain water content, the "wet/dry weight" method was used. We demonstrated that administration of geldanamycin (10 mg/kg) ameliorated ICH-induced increase of brain water content significantly in both parts of the study. Geldanamycin improved the neurological outcome according to performance on Garcia and beam balance tests in the 72 h part of this study. Geldanamycin-induced induction of heat shock protein after ICH has a neuroprotective effect and may be a therapeutic target for ICH.
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Rosic NN, Pernice M, Dove S, Dunn S, Hoegh-Guldberg O. Gene expression profiles of cytosolic heat shock proteins Hsp70 and Hsp90 from symbiotic dinoflagellates in response to thermal stress: possible implications for coral bleaching. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:69-80. [PMID: 20821176 PMCID: PMC3024090 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unicellular photosynthetic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium are the most common endosymbionts of reef-building scleractinian corals, living in a symbiotic partnership known to be highly susceptible to environmental changes such as hyperthermic stress. In this study, we identified members of two major heat shock proteins (HSPs) families, Hsp70 and Hsp90, in Symbiodinium sp. (clade C) with full-length sequences that showed the highest similarity and evolutionary relationship with other known HSPs from dinoflagellate protists. Regulation of HSPs gene expression was examined in samples of the scleractinian coral Acropora millepora subjected to elevated temperatures progressively over 18 h (fast) and 120 h (gradual thermal stress). Moderate to severe heat stress at 26°C and 29°C (+3°C and +6°C above average sea temperature) resulted in an increase in algal Hsp70 gene expression from 39% to 57%, while extreme heat stress (+9°C) reduced Hsp70 transcript abundance by 60% (after 18 h) and 70% (after 120 h). Elevated temperatures decreased an Hsp90 expression under both rapid and gradual heat stress scenarios. Comparable Hsp70 and Hsp90 gene expression patterns were observed in Symbiodinium cultures and in hospite, indicating their independent regulation from the host. Differential gene expression profiles observed for Hsp70 and Hsp90 suggests diverse roles of these molecular chaperones during heat stress response. Reduced expression of the Hsp90 gene under heat stress can indicate a reduced role in inhibiting the heat shock transcription factor which may lead to activation of heat-inducible genes and heat acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedeljka N Rosic
- Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia.
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Eitam H, Vaya J, Brosh A, Orlov A, Khatib S, Izhaki I, Shabtay A. Differential stress responses among newly received calves: variations in reductant capacity and Hsp gene expression. Cell Stress Chaperones 2010; 15:865-76. [PMID: 20401744 PMCID: PMC3024063 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD), a major economic concern to the beef cattle industry all over the world, is triggered by physical, biological and psychological stresses. It is becoming noticeable that the key to reducing BRD appears to be centered at reducing the response to stress. The aims of the present study were to detect individual variations in the stress response of newly received young calves through their leukocyte heat shock protein (Hsp) response, selected neutrophil-related gene expression and oxidative stress, and relate them to pulmonary adhesions at slaughter, an indicative sign of clinical and subclinical episodes of BRD at an early age. Differential expression patterns of Hsp60 and Hsp70A1A were revealed in newly received calves 1 h, 5 h and 1 day after arrival, distinguishing between stress-responsive and non-stress-responsive individuals. Plasma cortisol was also indicative of stress-responsive and non-stress-responsive individuals, 1 h and 5 h after arrival. At the longer term, β-glycan levels were highest 7 days after arrival and significantly correlated with an adhesion-free phenotype at slaughter. Oxidative stress responses, measured through the oxidation products of the exogenous linoleoyl tyrosine (LT) marker, revealed that hydroperoxidation and epoxidation of membranes may readily occur. Based on the LT oxidation products and levels of β-glycan, we present a discriminant analysis model, according to which vulnerable individuals may be predicted at near 100% probability 7 days after arrival. Since clinical signs of BRD may often go undetected in feedlot calves, such a model, after its examination in large-scale experiments, may be a reliable tool for an early prediction of subclinical signs of BRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harel Eitam
- Department of Ruminant Science & Genetics, Institute of Animal Science, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095 Israel
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science and Science Education, University of Haifa, 31905 Tivon, Israel
| | - Jacob Vaya
- Migal, Galilee Technological Center, Kiryat Shmona, 10200 Israel
| | - Arieh Brosh
- Department of Ruminant Science & Genetics, Institute of Animal Science, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095 Israel
| | - Ala Orlov
- Department of Ruminant Science & Genetics, Institute of Animal Science, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095 Israel
| | - Soliman Khatib
- Migal, Galilee Technological Center, Kiryat Shmona, 10200 Israel
| | - Ido Izhaki
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science and Science Education, University of Haifa, 31905 Tivon, Israel
| | - Ariel Shabtay
- Department of Ruminant Science & Genetics, Institute of Animal Science, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095 Israel
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Wu HC, Jinn TL. Heat shock-triggered Ca2+ mobilization accompanied by pectin methylesterase activity and cytosolic Ca2+ oscillation are crucial for plant thermotolerance. Plant Signal Behav 2010; 5:1252-6. [PMID: 20948293 PMCID: PMC3115360 DOI: 10.4161/psb.5.10.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Apoplastic Ca(2+) concentration controls membrane permeability, cell wall stabilization, and cell integrity; however, little is known about its role in thermotolerance in plants. Here, we report that the acquired thermotolerance of etiolated rice seedlings (Oryza sativa) was abolished by an exogenously supplied Ca(2+) chelator, EGTA, related to increased cellular content leakage during heat shock (HS) treatment. Thermotolerance was restored by the addition of Ca(2+) during EGTA incubation. Pectin methylesterase (EC 3.1.1.11), a cell-wall remodeling enzyme, was activated in response to HS, and its elevated activity was related to the recovery of the HS-released Ca(2+) concentration. EGTA interfered with the capability of HS to increase oscillation of [Ca(2+)]cyt content. We assume that heat-activated PME activity is involved in cell-wall-localized Ca(2+). The removal of apoplastic Ca(2+) might participate in HS signaling to induce HS protein expression and cell-wall remodeling to retain plasma membrane integrity, prevent cellular content leakage and confer thermoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Wu
- Institute of Plant Biology and Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Mizrahi T, Heller J, Goldenberg S, Arad Z. Heat shock proteins and resistance to desiccation in congeneric land snails. Cell Stress Chaperones 2010; 15:351-63. [PMID: 19953352 PMCID: PMC3082649 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-009-0150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2009] [Revised: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Land snails are subject to daily and seasonal variations in temperature and in water availability and depend on a range of behavioral and physiological adaptations for coping with problems of maintaining water, ionic, and thermal balance. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a multigene family of proteins whose expression is induced by a variety of stress agents. We used experimental desiccation to test whether adaptation to different habitats affects HSP expression in two closely related Sphincterochila snail species, a desiccation-resistant, desert species Sphincterochila zonata, and a Mediterranean-type, desiccation-sensitive species Sphincterochila cariosa. We examined the HSP response in the foot, hepatopancreas, and kidney tissues of snails exposed to normothermic desiccation. Our findings show variations in the HSP response in both timing and magnitude between the two species. The levels of endogenous Hsp72 in S. cariosa were higher in all the examined tissues, and the induction of Hsp72, Hsp74, and Hsp90 developed earlier than in S. zonata. In contrary, the induction of sHSPs (Hsp25 and Hsp30) was more pronounced in S. zonata compared to S. cariosa. Our results suggest that land snails use HSPs as part of their survival strategy during desiccation and as important components of the aestivation mechanism in the transition from activity to dormancy. Our study underscores the distinct strategy of HSP expression in response to desiccation, namely the delayed induction of Hsp70 and Hsp90 together with enhanced induction of sHSPs in the desert-dwelling species, and suggests that evolution in harsh environments will result in selection for reduced Hsp70 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Mizrahi
- Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa, 32000 Israel
| | - Joseph Heller
- Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
| | | | - Zeev Arad
- Department of Biology, Technion, Haifa, 32000 Israel
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Wieten L, van der Zee R, Goedemans R, Sijtsma J, Serafini M, Lubsen NH, van Eden W, Broere F. Hsp70 expression and induction as a readout for detection of immune modulatory components in food. Cell Stress Chaperones 2010; 15:25-37. [PMID: 19472075 PMCID: PMC2866976 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-009-0119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/19/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress proteins such as heat shock proteins (Hsps) are up-regulated in cells in response to various forms of stress, like thermal and oxidative stress and inflammation. Hsps prevent cellular damage and increase immunoregulation by the activation of anti-inflammatory T-cells. Decreased capacity for stress-induced Hsp expression is associated with immune disorders. Thus, therapeutic boosting Hsp expression might restore or enhance cellular stress resistance and immunoregulation. Especially food- or herb-derived phytonutrients may be attractive compounds to restore optimal Hsp expression in response to stress. In the present study, we explored three readout systems to monitor Hsp70 expression in a manner relevant for the immune system and evaluated novel Hsp co-inducers. First, intracellular staining and analysis by flow cytometry was used to detect stress and/or dietary compound induced Hsp70 expression in multiple rodent cell types efficiently. This system was used to screen a panel of food-derived extracts with potent anti-oxidant capacity. This strategy yielded the identity of several new enhancers of stress-induced Hsp70 expression, among them carvacrol, found in thyme and oregano. Second, CD4(+) T-cell hybridomas were generated that specifically recognized an immunodominant Hsp70 peptide. These hybridomas were used to show that carvacrol enhanced Hsp70 levels increased T-cell activation. Third, we generated a DNAJB1-luc-O23 reporter cell line to show that carvacrol increased the transcriptional activation of a heat shock promoter in the presence of arsenite. These assay systems are generally applicable to identify compounds that affect the Hsp level in cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Wieten
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruurd van der Zee
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Goedemans
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Sijtsma
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mauro Serafini
- Antioxidant Research Laboratory, Unit of Human Nutrition, INRAN, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicolette H. Lubsen
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van Eden
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Skitzki JJ, Repasky EA, Evans SS. Hyperthermia as an immunotherapy strategy for cancer. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2009; 10:550-8. [PMID: 19513944 PMCID: PMC2828267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The use of hyperthermia as an adjunct to cancer immunotherapy is supported by an increasing number of research data. Both preclinical and clinical data results have demonstrated improved antitumor immune responses with the addition of mild hyperthermia. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the improved immune reactivity observed in the presence of hyperthermia include the generation of Hsps, the activation of antigen-presenting cells and changes in lymphocyte trafficking. Understanding these hyperthermia-induced processes can serve as the foundation for analyzing current clinical trials, as well as designing future trials in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Skitzki
- Department of Immunology, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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32
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Romanucci M, Bastow T, Della Salda L. Heat shock proteins in animal neoplasms and human tumours--a comparison. Cell Stress Chaperones 2008; 13:253-62. [PMID: 18335321 PMCID: PMC2673947 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-008-0030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are implicated in all phases of cancer from proliferation, impaired apoptosis and sustained angiogenesis to invasion and metastasis. The presence of abnormal HSP levels in several human tumours suggests that these proteins could be used as diagnostic and/or prognostic markers, whilst the direct correlation between HSP expression and drug resistance in neoplastic tissues means they could also be used to predict cancer response to specific treatment. HSPs have also been successfully targeted in clinical trials modifying their expression or chaperone activity. Preliminary studies in veterinary medicine have also demonstrated the presence of altered HSP expression in neoplasms, and the study of carcinogenesis and the role of HSPs in animal models will surely be an additional source of information for clinical cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarita Romanucci
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Tania Bastow
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Leonardo Della Salda
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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33
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Yu J, Bao E, Yan J, Lei L. Expression and localization of Hsps in the heart and blood vessel of heat-stressed broilers. Cell Stress Chaperones 2008; 13:327-35. [PMID: 18350374 PMCID: PMC2673943 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-008-0031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2008] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the kinetics of Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90 protein, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels and to correlate these heat shock protein (Hsp) levels with tissue damage resulting from exposure to high temperatures for varying amounts of time. One hundred broilers were heat-stressed for 0, 2, 3, 5, and 10 h, respectively, by rapidly increasing the ambient temperature from 22 +/- 1 degrees C to 37 +/- 1 degrees C. Obvious elevations of plasma creatine kinase indicate damage to myocardial cells after heat stress. Hsp70 and Hsp90, and their corresponding mRNAs in the heart tissue of heat-stressed broilers, elevated significantly after 2 h of heat exposure and decreased quickly with continued heat stress. However, the levels of hsp60 mRNA in the heart of heat-stressed broilers increased sharply (P < 0.01) at 2 h of heat stress but then decreased quickly after 3 h, while the level of Hsp60 protein in the heart increased (P < 0.01) at 2 h of heat stress and maintained a high level throughout heat exposure. The results indicate that the elevation of the three Hsps, especially Hsp60 in heart, may be important markers at the beginning of heat stress and act as protective proteins in adverse environments. The reduction of Hsp signals in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells implies that myocardial cell lesions may have an adverse impact on the function of Hsps during heat stress. Meanwhile, the localization of Hsp70 in blood vessels of broiler hearts suggests another possible mechanism for protection of the heart after heat exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimian Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Endong Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jianyan Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Lei Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Scarpeci TE, Zanor MI, Carrillo N, Mueller-Roeber B, Valle EM. Generation of superoxide anion in chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana during active photosynthesis: a focus on rapidly induced genes. Plant Mol Biol 2008; 66:361-78. [PMID: 18158584 PMCID: PMC2758387 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-007-9274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant defense system involves complex functional coordination of multiple components in different organelles within the plant cell. Here, we have studied the Arabidopsis thaliana early response to the generation of superoxide anion in chloroplasts during active photosynthesis. We exposed plants to methyl viologen (MV), a superoxide anion propagator in the light, and performed biochemical and expression profiling experiments using Affymetrix ATH1 GeneChip microarrays under conditions in which photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes were active. Data analysis identified superoxide-responsive genes that were compared with available microarray results. Examples include genes encoding proteins with unknown function, transcription factors and signal transduction components. A common GAAAAGTCAAAC motif containing the W-box consensus sequence of WRKY transcription factors, was found in the promoters of genes highly up-regulated by superoxide. Band shift assays showed that oxidative treatments enhanced the specific binding of leaf protein extracts to this motif. In addition, GUS reporter gene fused to WRKY30 promoter, which contains this binding motif, was induced by MV and H(2)O(2). Overall, our study suggests that genes involved in signalling pathways and with unknown functions are rapidly activated by superoxide anion generated in photosynthetically active chloroplasts, as part of the early antioxidant response of Arabidopsis leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma E. Scarpeci
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | - María I. Zanor
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Golm, Germany
| | - Néstor Carrillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Golm, Germany
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 25, 14476 Golm, Germany
| | - Estela M. Valle
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
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Cunningham LL, Brandon CS. Heat shock inhibits both aminoglycoside- and cisplatin-induced sensory hair cell death. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2006; 7:299-307. [PMID: 16794914 PMCID: PMC2504613 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-006-0043-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hearing and balance impairments are often attributable to the death of sensory hair cells in the inner ear. These cells are hypersensitive to death induced by noise exposure, aging, and some therapeutic drugs. Two major classes of ototoxic drugs are the aminoglycoside antibiotics and the antineoplastic agent cisplatin. Exposure to these drugs leads to hair cell death that is mediated by the activation of specific apoptotic proteins, including caspases. The induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in response to cellular stress is a ubiquitous and highly conserved response that can significantly inhibit apoptosis in some systems by inhibiting apoptotic proteins. Induction of HSPs occurs in hair cells in response to a variety of stimuli. Given that HSPs can directly inhibit apoptosis, we hypothesized that heat shock may inhibit apoptosis in hair cells exposed to ototoxic drugs. To test this hypothesis, we developed a method for inducing HSP expression in the adult mouse utricle in vitro. In vitro heat shock reliably produces a robust up-regulation of HSP-70 mRNA and protein, as well as more modest up-regulation of HSP-90 and HSP-27. The heat shock does not result in death of hair cells. Heat shock has a significant protective effect against both aminoglycoside- and cisplatin-induced hair cell death in the utricle preparation in vitro. These data indicate that heat shock can inhibit ototoxic drug-induced hair cell death, and that the utricle preparation can be used to examine the molecular mechanism(s) underlying this protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Cunningham
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Box 250908, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Imamura Y, Kurokawa MS, Yoshikawa H, Nara K, Takada E, Masuda C, Tsukikawa S, Ozaki S, Matsuda T, Suzuki N. Involvement of Th1 cells and heat shock protein 60 in the pathogenesis of intestinal Behcet's disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 139:371-8. [PMID: 15654837 PMCID: PMC1809277 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02695.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2004] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Involvement of excessive Th1 cell functions and heat shock protein expression in the pathogenesis of Behcet's disease (BD) has been reported. In this study we have characterized immune responses in intestinal lesions of BD. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of BD and healthy controls (HC) and tissue specimens of intestinal Behcet's disease (intestinal BD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were analysed for mRNA and protein expression by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. PBL of BD patients expressed the Th1-related chemokine receptor, CCR5 and CXCR3 preferentially compared with those of healthy controls. Intestinal lesions of BD expressed interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-12 mRNA, indicating Th1 skewed responses in vivo. mRNA of Txk, a Tec family tyrosine kinase specific to Th1 cells, was expressed in the lesions, suggesting its contribution to the Th1-dominant responses. In the intestinal samples, CCR5 was detected in all the cases with BD, whereas Th2-related CCR3 and CCR4 were detected randomly, mainly in the cases with inactive BD and those receiving large amounts of prednisolone, indicating the Th1-dominant immune responses in the intestinal lesions. As the ligands of CCR5, MIP1alpha and MIP1beta were detected, whereas RANTES was not. Heat shock protein (HSP) 60 was expressed in PBL and intestinal tissues of BD. Th1-dominant immune responses and HSP60 expression may induce the inflammatory responses and thus be associated with the pathogenesis of intestinal BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Imamura
- Department of Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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37
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Bloemendal A, Van der Zee R, Rutten VP, van Kooten PJ, Farine JC, van Eden W. Experimental immunization with anti-rheumatic bacterial extract OM-89 induces T cell responses to heat shock protein ( hsp)60 and hsp70; modulation of peripheral immunological tolerance as its possible mode of action in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 110:72-8. [PMID: 9353151 PMCID: PMC1904786 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1997.4841378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OM-89 is a bacterial (Escherichia coli) extract used for oral administration in the treatment of RA. Given the evidence that immunity to bacterial heat shock antigens plays a critical role in the immunomodulation of arthritis and possibly inflammation in general, the purpose of the present studies was to evaluate the presence and immunogenicity of hsp in OM-89. Furthermore, we studied the effects of OM-89 in an experimental arthritis, where hsp are known to have a critical significance in disease development. In rats immunization with OM-89 was found to lead to proliferative T cell responses to hsp60 and hsp70 of both E. coli and mycobacterial origin. Conversely, immunization with hsp antigens was also found to induce T cell reactivity specific for OM-89. Based on this and the antigen specificity analysis of specific T cell lines, hsp70(DnaK) turned out to be one of the major immunogenic constituents of OM-89. Parenteral immunization with OM-89 was found to reduce resistance to adjuvant arthritis (AA), whereas oral administration was found to protect against AA. Given the arthritis-inhibitory effect of oral OM-89 in AA, it is possible that peripheral tolerance is induced at the level of regulatory T cells with specificity for hsp. This may also constitute a mode of action for OM-89 as an arthritis-suppressive oral drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bloemendal
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Noll A, Autenrieth IB. Yersinia- hsp60-reactive T cells are efficiently stimulated by peptides of 12 and 13 amino acid residues in a MHC class II (I-Ab)-restricted manner. Clin Exp Immunol 1996; 105:231-7. [PMID: 8706327 PMCID: PMC2200511 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (hsp) are immunodominant antigens in microbial infections. Previous work from this laboratory demonstrated that Yersinia-hsp60 (Y-hsp60)-reactive CD4+ alpha beta T cells play an important role for resolution of Y. enterocolitica infections in mice. In the present study we identified two epitopes of Y-hsp60 recognized by CD4+ Th1 cell clones. The epitopes comprise 12 (214-225) and 13 (74-86) amino acid (aa) residues of Y-hsp60, and are the first described for MHC class II (I-Ab) molecules. Both epitopes are also recognized by T cells isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes from mice orogastrically infected with yersiniae. Stimulation of T cells with peptides of 12 and 13 aa residues of Y-hsp60 caused highly efficient proliferation compared with longer peptides, full-length recombinant Y-hsp60, or heat-killed Yersinia (HKY). Incubation of antigen-presenting cells with chloroquine blocked both peptide and HKY-triggered T cell proliferation, whereas cytochalasin B only blocked HKY-induced proliferation and to a lesser extent peptide-induced proliferation. The identified epitopes reside in a region of Y-hsp60 that is conserved between Enterobacteriaceae but highly variable when compared with murine or human hsp60. Although both epitopes are identical to the related sequence of hsp60 (GroEL) of Escherichia coli, only weak T cell responses were observed upon stimulation with GroEL of E. coli, suggesting that other factors, e.g. flanking amino acid residues, might be important for antigen processing and T cell stimulation in a class II-restricted manner. Furthermore, these observations might be of significance for the rational design of subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Noll
- Institut für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie der Universität Würzburg, Germany
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Molfino NA, Doherty PJ, Suurmann IL, Yang SX, Kesten S, Chapman KR, Slutsky AS. Analysis of the T cell receptor Vgamma region gene repertoire in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and peripheral blood of atopic asthmatics and healthy subjects. Clin Exp Immunol 1996; 104:144-53. [PMID: 8603519 PMCID: PMC2200386 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the T cell receptor (TCR) Vgamma repertoire in BAL and peripheral blood (PBL) of three mild stable atopic asthmatics and two non-asthmatic controls. We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to establish the expression of the four Vgamma families, and to detect oligo or monoclonal expansion of gammadelta+ T cells, we resolved the PCR projects on denaturing and non-denaturing gels to find the extent of junctional diversity arising from differences in the lengths of the V(D)J junctions. We also subcloned and sequenced the PCR products to characterize fully the sequence diversity. BAL T lymphocytes from two asthmatic patients (treated with inhaled steroids) expressed only VgammaII and, in one of them, VgammaIIJgamma usage was restricted to JgammaP and JgammaP1 gene segments, contrasting with the VgammaJgamma repertoire found in his respective PBL. Analyses in denaturing and non-denaturing gels showed that the BAL VgammaIIJgammaP and VgammaIIJgammaP1 PCR products resolved into few bands, suggesting deletions at the juctions due to oligoclonal expansion. BAL T lymphocytes from the third asthmatic (not receiving inhaled steroids) expressed VgammaI, II and III, and the sequences of the in-frame TCR transcripts from this asthmatic and one healthy volunteer who expressed a similar BAL VgammaTCR repertoire showed clonal expansion of T cells expressing all three Vgamma families. Our analyses showed that much of the GammaDeltaT cell population found in BAL fluid of humans derives from clonally expanded T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Molfino
- Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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