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Hu R, Yang T, Ai Q, Shi Y, Ji Y, Sun Q, Tong B, Chen J, Wang Z. Autoinducer-2 promotes the colonization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG to improve the intestinal barrier function in a neonatal mouse model of antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:177. [PMID: 38369503 PMCID: PMC10874557 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human health is seriously threatened by antibiotic-induced intestinal disorders. Herein, we aimed to determine the effects of Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on the intestinal barrier function of antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis neonatal mice. METHODS An antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis neonatal mouse model was created using antibiotic cocktails, and the model mice were randomized into the control, AI-2, LGG, and LGG + AI-2 groups. Intestinal short-chain fatty acids and AI-2 concentrations were detected by mass spectrometry and chemiluminescence, respectively. The community composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing, and biofilm thickness and bacterial adhesion in the colon were assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Transcriptome RNA sequencing of intestinal tissues was performed, and the mRNA and protein levels of HCAR2 (hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2), claudin3, and claudin4 in intestinal tissues were determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. The levels of inflammatory factors in intestinal tissues were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). D-ribose, an inhibitor of AI-2, was used to treat Caco-2 cells in vitro. RESULTS Compared with the control, AI-2, and LGG groups, the LGG + AI-2 group showed increased levels of intestinal AI-2 and proportions of Firmicutes and Lacticaseibacillus, but a reduced fraction of Proteobacteria. Specifically, the LGG + AI-2 group had considerably more biofilms and LGG on the colon surface than those of other three groups. Meanwhile, the combination of AI-2 and LGG markedly increased the concentration of butyric acid and promoted Hcar2, claudin3 and claudin4 expression levels compared with supplementation with LGG or AI-2 alone. The ELISAs revealed a significantly higher tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level in the control group than in the LGG and LGG + AI-2 groups, whereas the interleukin 10 (IL-10) level was significantly higher in the LGG + AI-2 group than in the other three groups. In vitro, D-ribose treatment dramatically suppressed the increased levels of Hcar2, claudin3, and claudin4 in Caco-2 cells induced by AI-2 + LGG. CONCLUSIONS AI-2 promotes the colonization of LGG and biofilm formation to improve intestinal barrier function in an antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis neonatal mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riqiang Hu
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Ai
- Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanchun Ji
- Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bei Tong
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China.
| | - Zhengli Wang
- Children Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Jiangxi Hospital Affiliated Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Sakamoto H, Nishikawa M, Yamada S. Development of tight junction-strengthening compounds using a high-throughput screening system to evaluate cell surface-localized claudin-1 in keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3312. [PMID: 38332234 PMCID: PMC10853544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53649-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are important factors constituting the physical barriers of the skin, and their suppression has been described in various conditions, such as aged skin and atopic dermatitis lesions. However, the methods for improving skin TJ function remain insufficient. Therefore, to obtain compounds that can improve TJ function, we developed a novel high-throughput screening system termed live-cell immunostaining to evaluate cell surface-localized claudin-1 (CLDN1) with high selectivity using normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Heparinoid and phospho-pyridoxal (p-Pyr), a metabolite of pyridoxine, were identified as hit compounds. In addition, heparinoid was strongly suggested to increase CLDN1 expression by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. By contrast, p-Pyr did not enhance CLDN1 expression, but it accelerated the translocation of CLDN1 to the cell surface. Finally, we confirmed that heparinoid and p-Pyr improved barrier function in NHEKs in a transepithelial electrical resistance assay. In conclusion, heparinoid and p-Pyr could potentially ameliorate skin conditions by improving TJ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sakamoto
- Research and Development Headquarters, Well-Being Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation, 100 Tajima, Odawara, Kanagawa, 256-0811, Japan
| | - Momoyo Nishikawa
- Research and Development Headquarters, Well-Being Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation, 100 Tajima, Odawara, Kanagawa, 256-0811, Japan
| | - Seigo Yamada
- Research and Development Headquarters, Well-Being Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation, 100 Tajima, Odawara, Kanagawa, 256-0811, Japan.
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Karetnikova ES, Jarzebska N, Rodionov RN, Spieth PM, Markov AG. Transcriptional Levels of Intercellular Junction Proteins in an Alveolar Epithelial Cell Line Exposed to Irradiation or Bleomycin. Bull Exp Biol Med 2024; 176:442-446. [PMID: 38488962 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06043-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
We performed a comparative study of the effects of X-ray irradiation and bleomycin on the mRNA levels of E-cadherin and tight junction proteins (claudin-3, claudin-4, claudin-18, ZO-2, and occludin) in an alveolar epithelial cell line L2. Irradiation decreased claudin-4 levels and increased occludin levels, while the levels of other mRNAs remained unchanged. Bleomycin increased the expression levels of all proteins examined except claudin-3. Irradiation and bleomycin have different effects on the expression level of intercellular junction proteins, indicating different reactions triggered in alveolar epithelial cells and a great prospects of further comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Karetnikova
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N Jarzebska
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - R N Rodionov
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - P M Spieth
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - A G Markov
- Department of General Physiology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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He L, Yuan SZ, Mao XD, Zhao YW, He QH, Zhang Y, Su JZ, Wu LL, Yu GY, Cong X. Claudin-10 Decrease in the Submandibular Gland Contributes to Xerostomia. J Dent Res 2024; 103:167-176. [PMID: 38058154 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231210547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junction proteins play a crucial role in paracellular transport in salivary gland epithelia. It is clear that severe xerostomia in patients with HELIX syndrome is caused by mutations in the claudin-10 gene. However, little is known about the expression pattern and role of claudin-10 in saliva secretion in physical and disease conditions. In the present study, we found that only claudin-10b transcript was expressed in human and mouse submandibular gland (SMG) tissues, and claudin-10 protein was dominantly distributed at the apicolateral membranes of acini in human, rat, and mouse SMGs. Overexpression of claudin-10 significantly reduced transepithelial electrical resistance and increased paracellular transport of dextran and Na+ in SMG-C6 cells. In C57BL/6 mice, pilocarpine stimulation promoted secretion and cation concentration in saliva in a dose-dependent increase. Assembly of claudin-10 to the most apicolateral portions in acini of SMGs was observed in the lower pilocarpine (1 mg/kg)-treated group, and this phenomenon was much obvious in the higher pilocarpine (10 mg/kg)-treated group. Furthermore, 7-, 14-, and 21-wk-old nonobese diabetic (NOD) and BALB/c mice were used to mimic the progression of hyposalivation in Sjögren syndrome. Intensity of claudin-10 protein was obviously lower in SMGs of 14- and 21-wk-old NOD mice compared with that of age-matched BALB/c mice. In the cultured mouse SMG tissues, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) downregulated claudin-10 expression. In claudin-10-overexpressed SMG-C6 cells, paracellular permeability was decreased. Furthermore, IFN-γ stimulation increased p-STAT1 level, whereas pretreatment with JAK/STAT1 antagonist significantly alleviated the IFN-γ-induced claudin-10 downregulation. These results indicate that claudin-10 functions as a pore-forming component in acinar epithelia of SMGs, assembly of claudin-10 is required for saliva secretion, and downregulation of claudin-10 induces hyposecretion. These findings may provide new clues to novel therapeutic targets on hyposalivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - S Z Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - X D Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Y W Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Q H He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - J Z Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - L L Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - G Y Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - X Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing, P. R. China
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Cornelius V, Droessler L, Amasheh S. Quercetin Improves Barrier Properties in Porcine Small Intestine but Not in Peyer's Patches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1530. [PMID: 38338808 PMCID: PMC10855467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peyer's patches (PPs) are part of the gut-associated lymphatic tissue (GALT) and represent the first line of the intestinal immunological defense. They consist of follicles with lymphocytes and an overlying subepithelial dome with dendritic cells and macrophages, and they are covered by the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). A sealed paracellular pathway in the FAE is crucial for the controlled uptake of luminal antigens. Quercetin is the most abundant plant flavonoid and has a barrier-strengthening effect on tight junctions (TJs), a protein complex that regulates the paracellular pathway. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of quercetin on porcine PPs and the surrounding villus epithelium (VE). We incubated both tissue types for 4 h in Ussing chambers, recorded the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and measured the unidirectional tracer flux of [3H]-mannitol. Subsequently, we analyzed the expression, protein amount, and localization of three TJ proteins, claudin 1, claudin 2, and claudin 4. In the PPs, we could not detect an effect of quercetin after 4 h, neither on TEER nor on the [3H]-mannitol flux. In the VE, quercetin led to a higher TEER value, while the [3H]-mannitol flux was unchanged. The pore-forming claudin 2 was decreased while the barrier-forming claudin 4 was increased and the expression was upregulated. Claudin 1 was unchanged and all claudins could be located in the paracellular membrane by immunofluorescence microscopy. Our study shows the barrier-strengthening effect of quercetin in porcine VE by claudin 4 upregulation and a claudin 2 decrease. Moreover, it underlines the different barrier properties of PPs compared to the VE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Salah Amasheh
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Mak S, Hammes A. Canonical and Non-Canonical Localization of Tight Junction Proteins during Early Murine Cranial Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1426. [PMID: 38338705 PMCID: PMC10855338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the intricate composition and spatial distribution of tight junction complex proteins during early mouse neurulation. The analyses focused on the cranial neural tube, which gives rise to all head structures. Neurulation brings about significant changes in the neuronal and non-neuronal ectoderm at a cellular and tissue level. During this process, precise coordination of both epithelial integrity and epithelial dynamics is essential for accurate tissue morphogenesis. Tight junctions are pivotal for epithelial integrity, yet their complex composition in this context remains poorly understood. Our examination of various tight junction proteins in the forebrain region of mouse embryos revealed distinct patterns in the neuronal and non-neuronal ectoderm, as well as mesoderm-derived mesenchymal cells. While claudin-4 exhibited exclusive expression in the non-neuronal ectoderm, we demonstrated a neuronal ectoderm specific localization for claudin-12 in the developing cranial neural tube. Claudin-5 was uniquely present in mesenchymal cells. Regarding the subcellular localization, canonical tight junction localization in the apical junctions was predominant for most tight junction complex proteins. ZO-1 (zona occludens protein-1), claudin-1, claudin-4, claudin-12, and occludin were detected at the apical junction. However, claudin-1 and occludin also appeared in basolateral domains. Intriguingly, claudin-3 displayed a non-canonical localization, overlapping with a nuclear lamina marker. These findings highlight the diverse tissue and subcellular distribution of tight junction proteins and emphasize the need for their precise regulation during the dynamic processes of forebrain development. The study can thereby contribute to a better understanding of the role of tight junction complex proteins in forebrain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shermin Mak
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany;
- Institute for Biology, Free University of Berlin, 14159 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Hammes
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany;
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Zhang P, Abudunaibi M, Zhao Q, Wu Y, Aihaiti G, Wu S, Qi J, Shi L, Xu H. Effect of Infliximab on Radiation-Induced Submandibular Gland Dysfunction in Rats. Radiat Res 2024; 201:77-86. [PMID: 38044712 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00192.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory response is one of the essential parts of various pathogenic mechanisms of radiation-induced salivary dysfunction. The effect of decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines on alleviating submandibular gland injuries after irradiation is unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of the antibody against tumor necrosis factor-alpha, infliximab, on radiation-induced submandibular gland dysfunction in rats. Male Wistar rats received a single 20 Gy dose to the right submandibular gland region or sham irradiated. Meanwhile, the irradiated group was divided into infliximab treatment groups or untreated groups. Animals were euthanized at 1, 6, and 12 weeks postirradiation, and the irradiated submandibular gland was dissected for subsequent detection. Submandibular gland exposure caused obvious pathological changes. The increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6, represent an aggravated inflammatory response. The results of the western blot, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining showed upregulated levels of claudin-1, claudin-3, and aquaporin 5 and downregulated levels of claudin-4. Moreover, nuclear factor kappa-B phosphorylation levels were also up-regulated. In subsequent experiments, we found that infliximab alleviated inflammatory response, up-regulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 levels, and improved claudin-1, claudin-3, claudin-4, and aquaporin 5 expression. Our results indicate that infliximab might improve the para-cellular pathway and trans-cellular pathway destruction by reducing the inflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxin Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, P. R. China
- Postgraduate College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
| | - Maimaitituerxun Abudunaibi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, P. R. China
- Postgraduate College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Sijing Hospital of Songjiang District, Shanghai 201601, P. R. China
| | - Guliziba Aihaiti
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, P. R. China
- Postgraduate College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
| | - Shihan Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, P. R. China
- Postgraduate College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, P. R. China
- Postgraduate College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, P. R. China
- Stomatology School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
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Okamoto E, Matsuda S, Yoshino Y, Morikawa Y, Suenami K, Tabuchi Y, Matsunaga T, Hayashi H, Ikari A. Increase in Paracellular Leakage of Amino Acids Mediated by Aging-Induced Reduction of Claudin-4 Expression. J Nutr 2023; 153:3360-3372. [PMID: 37806357 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Claudins (CLDNs), major components of tight junctions, control paracellular permeabilities of mineral ions and wastes. The absorption of nutrients including glucose and amino acids (AAs) is regulated by intestinal epithelial cells. However, the role of CLDNs is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of AA deprivation on the expression of AA transporters and CLDNs, as well as the role of CLDNs in the regulation of paracellular AA fluxes. METHODS The messenger RNA and protein expression of various CLDNs were examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses, respectively. The AA selectivity of CLDNs was estimated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. RESULTS The expression levels of some AA transporters, CLDN4, and CLDN15 were increased by AA deprivation in normal mouse colon-derived MCE301 cells. The expression of AA transporters and CLDN15 in the mouse colon was positively correlated with aging but the expression of CLDN4 was not. The AA deprivation-induced elevation of CLDN4 expression was inhibited by MHY1485, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activator. Furthermore, CLDN4 expression was increased by rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor. mTOR may be involved in the transcriptional activation of CLDN4. The fluxes of AAs from the basal to apical compartments were decreased and increased by CLDN4 overexpression and silencing, respectively. LC-MS analysis showed that the fluxes of all AAs, especially Lys, His, and Arg, were enhanced by CLDN4 silencing. CONCLUSIONS CLDN4 is suggested to form a paracellular barrier to AAs, especially alkaline AAs, which is attenuated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Okamoto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Matsuda
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Morikawa
- Forensic Science Laboratory, Gifu Prefectural Police Headquarters, Gifu, Japan
| | - Koichi Suenami
- Forensic Science Laboratory, Gifu Prefectural Police Headquarters, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | | | | | - Akira Ikari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.
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Nagler S, Ghoreishi Y, Kollmann C, Kelm M, Gerull B, Waschke J, Burkard N, Schlegel N. Plakophilin 2 regulates intestinal barrier function by modulating protein kinase C activity in vitro. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2138061. [PMID: 36280901 PMCID: PMC10606776 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2138061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous data provided evidence for a critical role of desmosomes to stabilize intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) function. These studies suggest that desmosomes not only contribute to intercellular adhesion but also play a role as signaling hubs. The contribution of desmosomal plaque proteins plakophilins (PKP) in the intestinal epithelium remains unexplored. The intestinal expression of PKP2 and PKP3 was verified in human gut specimens, human intestinal organoids as well as in Caco2 cells whereas PKP1 was not detected. Knock-down of PKP2 using siRNA in Caco2 cells resulted in loss of intercellular adhesion and attenuated epithelial barrier. This was paralleled by changes of the whole desmosomal complex, including loss of desmoglein2, desmocollin2, plakoglobin and desmoplakin. In addition, tight junction proteins claudin1 and claudin4 were reduced following the loss of PKP2. Interestingly, siRNA-induced loss of PKP3 did not change intercellular adhesion and barrier function in Caco2 cells, while siRNA-induced loss of both PKP2 and PKP3 augmented the changes observed for reduced PKP2 alone. Moreover, loss of PKP2 and PKP2/3, but not PKP3, resulted in reduced activity levels of protein kinase C (PKC). Restoration of PKC activity using Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) rescued loss of intestinal barrier function and attenuated the reduced expression patterns of claudin1 and claudin4. Immunostaining, proximity ligation assays and co-immunoprecipitation revealed a direct interaction between PKP2 and PKC. In summary, our in vitro data suggest that PKP2 plays a critical role for intestinal barrier function by providing a signaling hub for PKC-mediated expression of tight junction proteins claudin1 and claudin4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Nagler
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg97080, Germany
| | - Yalda Ghoreishi
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg97080, Germany
| | - Catherine Kollmann
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg97080, Germany
| | - Matthias Kelm
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg97080, Germany
| | - Brenda Gerull
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center and Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Waschke
- Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Munich, Germany
| | - Natalie Burkard
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg97080, Germany
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg97080, Germany
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Fujiwara-Tani R, Mori S, Ogata R, Sasaki R, Ikemoto A, Kishi S, Kondoh M, Kuniyasu H. Claudin-4: A New Molecular Target for Epithelial Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5494. [PMID: 36982569 PMCID: PMC10051602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-4 (CLDN4) is a key component of tight junctions (TJs) in epithelial cells. CLDN4 is overexpressed in many epithelial malignancies and correlates with cancer progression. Changes in CLDN4 expression have been associated with epigenetic factors (such as hypomethylation of promoter DNA), inflammation associated with infection and cytokines, and growth factor signaling. CLDN4 helps to maintain the tumor microenvironment by forming TJs and acts as a barrier to the entry of anticancer drugs into tumors. Decreased expression of CLDN4 is a potential marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and decreased epithelial differentiation due to reduced CLDN4 activity is involved in EMT induction. Non-TJ CLDN4 also activates integrin beta 1 and YAP to promote proliferation, EMT, and stemness. These roles in cancer have led to investigations of molecular therapies targeting CLDN4 using anti-CLDN4 extracellular domain antibodies, gene knockdown, clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), and C-terminus domain of CPE (C-CPE), which have demonstrated the experimental efficacy of this approach. CLDN4 is strongly involved in promoting malignant phenotypes in many epithelial cancers and is regarded as a promising molecular therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Ruiko Ogata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Ayaka Ikemoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Drug Innovation Center, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 6-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
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11
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Li E, Li C, Horn N, Ajuwon KM. PPARγ activation inhibits endocytosis of claudin-4 and protects against deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in IPEC-J2 cells and weaned piglets. Toxicol Lett 2023; 375:8-20. [PMID: 36596350 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation has been well characterized. Besides adipose tissue, PPARγ is also highly expressed in the intestine. However, the functional role of PPARγ in the regulation of intestinal function still remains poorly understood. In the present study, we sought to understand the role of PPARγ activation on regulation of intestinal barrier function in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and weaned piglets exposed to the mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON). PPARγ activation by rosiglitazone and troglitazone, two pharmacological PPARγ ligands, increased the protein expression of tight junction proteins (TJP), claudin-3 and 4. PPARγ inhibition increased endocytosis of claudin-4 which was reversed by its activation with troglitazone. DON exposure decreased the protein expression of TJP, and also significantly suppressed PPARγ transcriptional activity. Interestingly, PPARγ activation reversed the reduction of claudin-3 and 4 caused by DON in vitro and in vivo. PPARγ activation also partially restored the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and reduced the permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran) that have been negatively impacted by DON. These effects were lost in the presence of a specific PPARγ antagonist or in PPARγ knockout cells, confirming the importance of PPARγ in the regulation of intestinal barrier function and integrity. Likewise, in weaned pigs exposed to DON, the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone mitigated the impaired villus-crypt morphology caused by DON. Therefore, pharmacological and natural bioactive compounds with PPARγ stimulatory activities could be effective in preventing DON-induced gut barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkai Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Chuang Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Nathan Horn
- United Animal Health, 322S Main St #1113, Sheridan, IN 46069, United States
| | - Kolapo M Ajuwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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12
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Su M, Qi H, Huang Q, Wang L, Guo X, Wang Q. Acute arsenic exposure exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury possibly by compromising the integrity of the lung epithelial barrier in rats. Sci Total Environ 2023; 857:159561. [PMID: 36265643 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of large amounts of arsenic can damage the respiratory tract and may exacerbate the development of bacterial pneumonia, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, arsenic trioxide (16.0 μg/kg ATO), lipopolysaccharide (0.5 mg/kg LPS), and ATO combined with LPS (16.0 μg/kg ATO + 0.5 mg/kg LPS) groups. Blood and lung tissue samples were collected from each group 12 h after exposure. The results showed that exposure to ATO or LPS alone produced different effects on leukocytes and inflammatory factors, while combined exposure significantly increased serum interleukin-6, interleukin-10, lung water content, lung lavage fluid protein, and p38 protein phosphorylation levels. Alveolar interstitial thickening, alveolar membrane edema, alveolar type I and II cell matrix vacuolization, and nuclear pyknosis were observed in rats exposed to either ATO or LPS. More severe ultrastructural changes were found in the combined exposure group, and chromatin splitting was observed in alveolar type I cells. Lanthanum nitrate particles leaked from the alveolar vascular lumen in the ATO-exposed group, whereas in the combined exposure group, Evans Blue levels were increased and lanthanum nitrate particles were present in the lung parenchyma. Claudin-3 protein expression increased and claudin-4 expression decreased after ATO or LPS exposure, while claudin-18 expression was unchanged. The changes in claudin-3 and claudin-4 protein expression were further exacerbated by combined exposure. In conclusion, these results suggest that inhalation of ATO may exacerbate the development of bacterial pneumonia and that common mechanisms may exist to synergistically disrupt epithelial barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Su
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China; The Northern District of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Huixiu Qi
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China; School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Qingzhen Huang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xueqi Guo
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China.
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13
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Kabra H, Mohanty NR, Tripathy S, Mohanty M, Senapati U, Rath J. Expression of Claudin-4 and D2-40 and their significance in prostatic adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:S800-S806. [PMID: 38384059 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_279_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Claudins are a clan of proteins that are the most important component of tight junctions. The claudin-4 expression has been linked to tumour cell invasion and progression in a variety of primary malignancies. Evaluation of lymphovascular density (LVD) correlates with tumour aggressiveness and may correlate with prognosis. D2-40 is a highly specific marker of lymphatic vessels. AIMS To evaluate the claudin-4 expression in relation to LVD by D2-40 expression and with clinicopathological parameters in prostatic adenocarcinoma. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Prospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS 39 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma were taken, the D2-40 and claudin-4 immunohistochemical stains were performed and correlation was done with clinicopathological parameters. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Statistical analyses such as mean, median, standard deviation, Mann-Whitney U test, Fischer exact test, Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient, Chi-square test and T-test were used. RESULTS The claudin-4 expression was seen higher in cases with higher Gleason score but it was statistically non-significant (P = 0.778). The claudin-4 expression did not correlate with any clinicopathological parameters. LVD in the peritumoral area was significantly higher as compared to the intratumoral area (P = 0.005). Intratumoral LVD and perineural invasion were found to be statistically significant (P = 0.048). CONCLUSION The claudin-4 expression may correlate with adverse prognostic parameters. Higher lymphatic vessels can be responsible for the higher metastatic potential of prostatic adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardik Kabra
- Department of Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Mohanty
- Department of Radiology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sukanta Tripathy
- Department of Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Madhusmita Mohanty
- Department of Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Urmila Senapati
- Department of Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jayashree Rath
- Department of Pathology, Hi-tech Medical College, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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14
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Zheng Y, Zheng M, Shao J, Jiang C, Shen J, Tao R, Deng Y, Xu Y, Lu Y. Upregulation of claudin‑4 by Chinese traditional medicine Shenfu attenuates lung tissue damage by acute lung injury aggravated by acute gastrointestinal injury. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:1981-1993. [PMID: 36226770 PMCID: PMC9578493 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2128824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Many studies have explored new methods to cure acute lung injury (ALI); however, none of those methods could significantly change the high mortality rate of ALI. Shenfu is a Chinese traditional medicine that might be effective against ALI. OBJECTIVE Our study explores the therapeutic potential of Shenfu in ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (500 µg/100 μL per mouse), and LPS + Shenfu (30 mL/kg) groups. Shenfu (10 µL/mL) was added to LPS (10 µg/mL) treated MLE-12 cells for 48 h in vitro. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: LPS, LPS + 3% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS), 3% DSS + Shenfu, and LPS + 3% DSS + Shenfu. RESULTS Compared with the ALI group, Shenfu reduced wet/dry weight ratio (19.8%, 36.2%), and reduced the IL-2 (40.9%, 61.6%), IFN-γ (43.5%, 53.3%) TNF-α (54.1%, 42.1%), IL-6 (54.8%,70%), and IL-1β (39.9%, 65.1%), reduced serum uric acid (18.8%, 48.7%) and creatinine (17.4%, 41.1%). Moreover, Shenfu enhanced cell viability (17.2%, 59.9%) and inhibited cell apoptosis (63.0%) and p38/ERK phosphorylation in in vitro cultured epithelial cells with LPS stimulation. Mechanistically, Shenfu mediated the protective effect by upregulating claudin-4 expression. In addition, Shenfu could protect against both lung and intestinal epithelial damage in acute gastrointestinal injury-exacerbated ALI. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results revealed the therapeutic effect and the underlying mechanism of Shenfu injection in an ALI in mouse model, indicating its clinical potential to treat patients with ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueliang Zheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Emergency & Intensive Care Unit Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mian Zheng
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengxing Jiang
- Emergency & Intensive Care Unit Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rujia Tao
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Deng
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingge Xu
- Emergency & Intensive Care Unit Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanqiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Shen Y, Yang H, Wu D, Yang H, Hong D. NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 can reduce the damage of pancreatic and intestinal barrier function in mice with acute pancreatitis. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370706. [PMID: 36327405 PMCID: PMC9633010 DOI: 10.1590/acb370706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome can lead to the occurrence and progression of acute pancreatitis. This study investigated the protective effect of MCC950 on pancreatitis mice. METHODS Eighteen mice were randomly divided into control group, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group and SAP+MCC950 group. Serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to evaluate the pathological damage. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and tight junction proteins in the small intestine and pancreas. RESULTS MCC950 could reduce the levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in SAP mice. After treatment with MCC950, the expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pancreas of SAP mice were significantly reduced and the pathological damage to the pancreas and intestine was alleviated. Compared with the control group, the expression of tight junction protein (ZO-1,occludin and claudin-4) in the intestinal mucosa of SAP mice was decreased, and the expression of claudin-4 and occludin were upregulated after MCC950 treatment. CONCLUSIONS MCC950 can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation and significantly reduce the inflammatory response and delay the process of pancreatitis. It has therapeutic potential in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Shen
- MM. Fujian Medical University –Shengli Clinical Medical College – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
- MM. Fujian Provincial Hospital – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
| | - Huobao Yang
- MM. Fujian Medical University –Shengli Clinical Medical College – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
- MM. Fujian Provincial Hospital – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
| | - Dansen Wu
- MD. Fujian Medical University – Shengli Clinical Medical College – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
| | - Hangmei Yang
- MM. Fujian Medical University –Shengli Clinical Medical College – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
- MM. Fujian Provincial Hospital – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
| | - Donghuang Hong
- MM. Fujian Medical University –Shengli Clinical Medical College – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
- MM. Fujian Provincial Hospital – Department of Critical Care Medicine – Fuzhou, China
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16
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Ling N, Zhang X, Forsythe S, Zhang D, Shen Y, Zhang J, Ding Y, Wang J, Wu Q, Ye Y. Bacteroides fragilis ameliorates Cronobacter malonaticus lipopolysaccharide-induced pathological injury through modulation of the intestinal microbiota. Front Immunol 2022; 13:931871. [PMID: 36211338 PMCID: PMC9536467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter has attracted considerable attention due to its association with meningitis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in newborns. Generally, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) facilitates bacterial translocation along with inflammatory responses as an endotoxin; however, the pathogenicity of Cronobacter LPS and the strategies to alleviate the toxicity were largely unknown. In this study, inflammatory responses were stimulated by intraperitoneal injection of Cronobacter malonaticus LPS into Sprague–Dawley young rats. Simultaneously, Bacteroides fragilis NCTC9343 were continuously fed through gavage for 5 days before or after injection of C. malonaticus LPS to evaluate the intervention effect of B. fragilis. We first checked the morphological changes of the ileum and colon and the intestinal microbiota and then detected the generation of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), occludin, claudin-4, and iNOs. The results indicated that C. malonaticus LPS exacerbated intestinal infection by altering gut microbe profile, tight junction protein expression, and releasing inflammatory factors in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Intriguingly, treatment with B. fragilis obviously diminished the pathological injuries and expression of TLR4 caused by C. malonaticus LPS while increasing gut microbes like Prevotella-9. We note that Shigella, Peptoclostridium, and Sutterella might be positively related to C. malonaticus LPS infection, but Prevotella-9 was negatively correlated. The results suggested that the intestinal microbiota is an important target for the prevention and treatment of pathogenic injuries induced by C. malonaticus LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ling
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | | | - Danfeng Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yizhong Shen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yingwang Ye, ; Qingping Wu,
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yingwang Ye, ; Qingping Wu,
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17
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Shashikanth N, France MM, Xiao R, Haest X, Rizzo HE, Yeste J, Reiner J, Turner JR. Tight junction channel regulation by interclaudin interference. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3780. [PMID: 35773259 PMCID: PMC9246906 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions form selectively permeable seals across the paracellular space. Both barrier function and selective permeability have been attributed to members of the claudin protein family, which can be categorized as pore-forming or barrier-forming. Here, we show that claudin-4, a prototypic barrier-forming claudin, reduces paracellular permeability by a previously unrecognized mechanism. Claudin-4 knockout or overexpression has minimal effects on tight junction permeability in the absence of pore-forming claudins. However, claudin-4 selectively inhibits flux across cation channels formed by claudins 2 or 15. Claudin-4-induced loss of claudin channel function is accompanied by reduced anchoring and subsequent endocytosis of pore-forming claudins. Analyses in nonepithelial cells show that claudin-4, which is incapable of independent polymerization, disrupts polymeric strands and higher order meshworks formed by claudins 2, 7, 15, and 19. This process of interclaudin interference, in which one claudin disrupts higher order structures and channels formed by a different claudin, represents a previously unrecognized mechanism of barrier regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Shashikanth
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marion M France
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruyue Xiao
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xenia Haest
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heather E Rizzo
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jose Yeste
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Johannes Reiner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jerrold R Turner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Maesaka F, Kuwada M, Horii S, Kishi S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Mori S, Fujii K, Mori T, Ohmori H, Owari T, Miyake M, Nakai Y, Tanaka N, Bhawal UK, Luo Y, Kondoh M, Fujimoto K, Kuniyasu H. Hypomethylation of CLDN4 Gene Promoter Is Associated with Malignant Phenotype in Urinary Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126516. [PMID: 35742959 PMCID: PMC9224287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The tight junction (TJ) protein claudin-4 (CLDN4) is overexpressed in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) and correlates with cancer progression. However, the mechanism of CLDN4 upregulation and promotion of malignant phenotype is not clear. Here, we analyzed 157 cases of BUC and investigated the hypomethylation of CpG island in the CLDN4 promoter DNA and its correlation with cancer progression. In hypomethylated cases, CLDN4 expression, cell proliferation, stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were increased. Treatment of three human BUC cell lines with the demethylating agent aza-2′-deoxycytidine (AZA) led to excessive CLDN4 expression, and, specifically, to an increase in CLDN4 monomer that is not integrated into the TJ. The TJ-unintegrated CLDN4 was found to bind integrin β1 and increase stemness, drug resistance, and metastatic ability of the cells as well as show an anti-apoptosis effect likely via FAK phosphorylation, which reduces upon knockdown of CLDN4. Thus, CLDN4 is overexpressed in BUC by an epigenetic mechanism and the high expression enhances the malignant phenotype of BUC via increased levels of TJ-unintegrated CLDN4. CLDN4 promoter DNA methylation is expected to be a novel indicator of BUC malignant phenotype and a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumisato Maesaka
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Masaomi Kuwada
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Shohei Horii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Takuya Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Takuya Owari
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Nobumichi Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Ujjal Kumar Bhawal
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Yi Luo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China;
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Drug Innovation Center, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 6-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Kiyohide Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-744-22-3051; Fax: +81-744-25-7308
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Li Y, Li X, Geng C, Guo Y, Wang C. Somatostatin receptor 5 is critical for protecting intestinal barrier function in vivo and in vitro. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 535:111390. [PMID: 34224803 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) is involved in intestinal barrier protection during colitis through modulating tight junction (TJ) proteins, but the mechanisms of SSTR5 in TJ regulation are largely unknown. Therefore, the present study was designed to illuminate how SSTR5 modulated intestinal barrier function and TJ proteins. In this study, activation of SSTR5 by its special agonist L817,818 effectively ameliorated impaired intestinal barrier function in TNF-α-pretreated cells and mice with colitis. Restoration of intestinal barrier function was dependent on upregulation of claudin-4 and ZO-1. Suppression of SSTR5 signaling through specific siRNA or the antagonist BIM23056 markedly exacerbated TNF-α-induced claudin-4 and ZO-1 damage. L817,818 treatment markedly suppressed TNF-α-induced NF-κB p65 phosphorylation, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) upregulation and myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation. Exposure to a NF-κB inhibitor (QNZ) or MLCK inhibitor (ML-7) effectively inhibited compromised claudin-4 and ZO-1 induced by BIM23056/TNF-α. These observations indicate that activation of SSTR5 protects intestinal barrier function by upregulating claudin-4 and ZO-1 expression, which is mediated by NF-κB-MLCK-MLC signaling. Taken together, our findings suggest that SSTR5 might represent a promising target for colitis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaoyu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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20
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Li HX, Liang XY, Wu JH, Yuan YP, Gao Y, Cai SH. Simvastatin attenuates acute lung injury by activation of A2B adenosine receptor. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 422:115460. [PMID: 33774062 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To explore the protective mechanism of simvastatin in acute lung injury (ALI), the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced (5 mg/kg) ALI rat model was used to examine the effects of simvastatin. Following simvastatin treatment, the histopathological evaluation of lung tissues was made using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Also, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-10 were determined by ELISA. Blood gas analyses of arterial blood samples were performed to assess the pulmonary gas exchange. Moreover, the neutrophil count and total protein content were determined in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. The ratio of wet lung to dry lung (W/D) and the alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) were calculated to estimate the severity of edema. Lastly, the levels of A2BAR, CFTR, claudin4, and claudin18 were also measured by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Simvastatin treatment, in a dose-related manner, markedly improved the lung histological injury and decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and increased IL-10 in LPS induced ALI. Also, pulmonary neutrophil count was alleviated. Besides, a decreased ratio of W/D lung also confirmed the simvastatin intervention. Notably, simvastatin reduced the levels of A2BAR, CFTR, and claudin18 but upregulated claudin4 in lung tissues. Additionally, treatment with PSB1115, an antagonist of A2BAR, countered the protective effect of simvastatin in ALI. Our study demonstrates that simvastatin has a protective effect against LPS-induced ALI by activating A2BAR and should be exploited as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine in Special Wards, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiong-He Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ya-Ping Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Haidian, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Shao-Hua Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine in Special Wards, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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21
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES High-fat diet has been considered a risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer. It is also shown to significantly impact composition and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in both humans and animals. However, there is little information on the effect of high-fat diet on the development of pancreatic cancer or upon the gut microbiota of patients with pancreatic cancer in humans or animal models. METHODS In this study, the effect of high-fat diet on cancer pathology and the gut microbiota was investigated by a carcinogen-induced pancreatic cancer mouse model. RESULTS Compared with carcinogen alone, mice with high-fat diet and carcinogen showed more obvious pathological changes in pancreatic tissue; increased levels of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and carbohydrate antigen 242; and increased expression of cancer-associated biomarkers mucin-4 and claudin-4 in pancreatic tissue. Moreover, there is a significant change in the gut microbiota between the carcinogen group and the carcinogen with high-fat diet group. We identified that Johnsonella ignava especially existed in the carcinogen with high-fat diet group, which may contribute to pancreatic cancer development. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that high-fat diet changed the composition of the gut microbiota and was involved in carcinogen-induced pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Liu
- From the Department of Surgery, Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | | | | - Yi Xin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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22
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Um HN, Baek JO, Park S, Lee EH, Jang J, Park WJ, Roh JY, Jung Y. Small intestinal immune-environmental changes induced by oral tolerance inhibit experimental atopic dermatitis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:243. [PMID: 33664229 PMCID: PMC7933185 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03534-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin inflammatory disease mediated by Th2-type immune responses. Although intestinal immune responses have been shown to play a critical role in the development or prevention of atopic dermatitis, the precise influence of intestinal immunity on atopic dermatitis is incompletely understood. We show here that orally tolerized mice are protected from experimental atopic dermatitis induced by sensitization and epicutaneous (EC) challenge to ovalbumin. Although the expression of Th2-type cytokines in the small intestine of orally tolerized and EC-challenged mice did not change significantly, these mice showed decreased inflammatory responses in the small intestine with restoration of microbial change elicited by the EC challenge. Interestingly, an increase in small intestinal eosinophils was observed with the EC challenge, which was also inhibited by oral tolerance. The role of small intestinal eosinophils and microbiota in the pathogenesis of experimental atopic dermatitis was further substantiated by decreased inflammatory mediators in the small intestine and attenuated Th2-type inflammation in the skin of eosinophil-deficient and microbiota-ablated mice with EC challenges. Based on these data, we propose that the bidirectional interaction between the skin and the intestine has a role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and that modulation of the intestinal microenvironments could be a therapeutic approach to atopic dermatitis.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Bacteria/immunology
- Claudin-4/genetics
- Claudin-4/metabolism
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/metabolism
- Dermatitis, Atopic/microbiology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/prevention & control
- Desensitization, Immunologic
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dysbiosis
- Female
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Immune Tolerance
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/microbiology
- Leukocytes/immunology
- Leukocytes/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Ovalbumin/administration & dosage
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Na Um
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Jin-Ok Baek
- Department of Dermatology, Gachon Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, Korea
| | - Sohyeon Park
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hui Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Korea
| | - Jinsun Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Gachon Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Korea
| | - Woo-Jae Park
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Korea
| | - Joo-Young Roh
- Department of Dermatology, Gachon Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, Korea.
| | - YunJae Jung
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Korea.
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23
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Deluco B, Fourie KR, Simko OM, Wilson HL. Localization of Claudin-3 and Claudin-4 within the Small Intestine of newborn piglets. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14717. [PMID: 33523589 PMCID: PMC7849452 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Piglets must acquire passive immunity through colostrum within hours after birth to survive. How colostral macromolecules traverse the small intestinal epithelium may include nonselective pinocytosis and paracellular transport through tight junction proteins located between epithelial cells. Claudin proteins-3 and -4 contribute to the epithelial tight junctions (TJs) on the apical aspect of lateral surfaces of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) where they help regulate ion and macromolecule movement across the intestinal epithelium. Throughout the small intestine of newborn piglets, Claudin-3 was localized to the lateral and basolateral surface of intestinal epithelial cells as well as the membrane of large vacuoles. In the duodenum and jejunum, Claudin-4 was localized to the apical surface independent of tight junction regions. In the ileum, Claudin-4 was localized to the lateral and basolateral surfaces indicating region-specific differences and noncanonical patterns of Claudin-4 localization independent of tight junction regions. Understanding the timing of changes in surface localization of Claudin-3 and Claudin-4 and how they may coincide with changes in small intestinal permeability may help develop new protective strategies against infectious diseases within newborn piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brodie Deluco
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization‐International Vaccine Centre (VIDO‐InterVac)University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Kezia R Fourie
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization‐International Vaccine Centre (VIDO‐InterVac)University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Olena M Simko
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization‐International Vaccine Centre (VIDO‐InterVac)University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Heather L Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization‐International Vaccine Centre (VIDO‐InterVac)University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada
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24
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Torres JB, Mosley M, Koustoulidou S, Hopkins S, Knapp S, Chaikuad A, Kondoh M, Tachibana K, Kersemans V, Cornelissen B. Radiolabeled cCPE Peptides for SPECT Imaging of Claudin-4 Overexpression in Pancreatic Cancer. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1756-1763. [PMID: 32414951 PMCID: PMC8679629 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.243113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of tight-junction protein claudin-4 has been detected in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer tissue and is associated with better prognosis in patients. Noninvasive measurement of claudin-4 expression by imaging methods could provide a means for accelerating detection and stratifying patients into risk groups. Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) is a natural ligand for claudin-4 and holds potential as a targeting vector for molecular imaging of claudin-4 overexpression. A glutathione S-transferases (GST)-tagged version of the C terminus of CPE (cCPE) was previously used to delineate claudin-4 overexpression by SPECT but showed modest binding affinity and slow blood clearance in vivo. Methods: On the basis of the crystal structure of cCPE, a series of smaller cCPE194-319 mutants with putatively improved binding affinity for claudin-4 was generated by site-directed mutagenesis. All peptides were conjugated site-specifically on a C-terminal cysteine using maleimide-diethylenetriamine pentaacetate to enable radiolabeling with 111In. The binding affinity of all radioconjugates was evaluated in claudin-4-expressing PSN-1 cells and HT1080-negative controls. The specificity of all cCPE mutants to claudin-4 was assessed in HT1080 cells stably transfected with claudin-4. SPECT/CT imaging of BALB/c nude mice bearing PSN-1 or HT1080 tumor xenografts was performed to determine the claudin-4-targeting ability of these peptides in vivo. Results: Uptake of all cCPE-based radioconjugates was significantly higher in PSN-1 cells than in HT1080-negative controls. All peptides showed a marked improvement in affinity for claudin-4 in vitro when compared with previously reported values (dissociation constant: 2.2 ± 0.8, 3 ± 0.1, 4.2 ± 0.5, 10 ± 0.9, and 9.7 ± 0.7 nM). Blood clearance of [111In]In-cCPE194-319, as measured by SPECT, was considerably faster than that of [111In]In-cCPE.GST (half-life, <1 min). All radiopeptides showed significantly higher accumulation in PSN-1 xenografts than in HT1080 tumors at 90 min after injection of the tracer ([111In]In-cCPE194-319, 2.7 ± 0.8 vs. 0.4 ± 0.1 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g], P < 0.001; [111In]In-S313A, 2.3 ± 0.9 vs. 0.5 ± 0.1 %ID/g, P < 0.01; [111In]In-S307A + N309A + S313A, 2 ± 0.4 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 %ID/g, P < 0.01; [111In]In-D284A, 2 ± 0.2 vs. 0.7 ± 0.1 %ID/g, P < 0.05; [111In]In-L254F + K257D, 6.3 ± 0.9 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 %ID/g, P < 0.001). Conclusion: These optimized cCPE-based SPECT imaging agents show great promise as claudin-4-targeting vectors for in vivo imaging of claudin-4 overexpression in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Baguña Torres
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Mosley
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Koustoulidou
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Hopkins
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Structure Genomics Consortium, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Network, Mainz-Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Apirat Chaikuad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Structure Genomics Consortium, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tachibana
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Veerle Kersemans
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bart Cornelissen
- Cancer Research United Kingdom and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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25
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Owari T, Sasaki T, Fujii K, Fujiwara-Tani R, Kishi S, Mori S, Mori T, Goto K, Kawahara I, Nakai Y, Miyake M, Luo Y, Tanaka N, Kondoh M, Fujimoto K, Kuniyasu H. Role of Nuclear Claudin-4 in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218340. [PMID: 33172177 PMCID: PMC7664319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudin-4 (CLDN4) is a tight junction protein to maintain the cancer microenvironment. We recently reported the role of the CLDN4 not forming tight junction in the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Herein, we investigated the role of CLDN4 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), focusing on CLDN4. CLDN4 expression in 202 RCCs was examined by immunostaining. CLDN4 phosphorylation and subcellular localization were examined using high metastatic human RCC SN12L1 and low metastatic SN12C cell lines. In 202 RCC cases, the CLDN4 expression decreased in the cell membrane and had no correlation with clinicopathological factors. However, CLDN4 was localized in the nucleus in 5 cases (2%), all of which were pT3. Contrastingly, only 6 of 198 nuclear CLDN4-negative cases were pT3. CLDN4 was found in the nuclear fraction of a highly metastatic human RCC cell line, SN12L1, but not in the low metastatic SN12C cells. In SN12L1 cells, phosphorylation of tyrosine and serine residues was observed in cytoplasmic CLDN4, but not in membranous CLDN4. In contrast, phosphorylation of serine residues was observed in nuclear CLDN4. In SN12L1 cells, CLDN4 tyrosine phosphorylation by EphA2/Ephrin A1 resulted in the release of CLDN4 from tight junction and cytoplasmic translocation. Furthermore, protein kinase C (PKC)-ε phosphorylated the CLDN4 serine residue, resulting in nuclear import. Contrarily, in SN12C cells that showed decreased expression of EphA2/Ephrin A1 and PKCε, the activation of EphA2/EphrinA1 and PKCε induced cytoplasmic and nuclear translocation of CLDN4, respectively. Furthermore, the nuclear translocation of CLDN4 promoted the nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) bound to CLDN4, which induced the EMT phenotype. These findings suggest that the release of CLDN4 by impaired tight junction might be a mechanism underlying the malignant properties of RCC. These findings suggest that the release of CLDN4 by impaired tight junction might be one of the mechanisms of malignant properties of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Owari
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.M.); (N.T.)
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Takuya Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kei Goto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Isao Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.M.); (N.T.)
| | - Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.M.); (N.T.)
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nobumichi Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.M.); (N.T.)
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Drug Innovation Center, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 6-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Kiyohide Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.M.); (N.T.)
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (H.K.)
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (T.O.); (T.S.); (K.F.); (R.F.-T.); (S.K.); (S.M.); (T.M.); (K.G.); (I.K.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (H.K.)
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Fujiwara-Tani R, Fujii K, Mori S, Kishi S, Sasaki T, Ohmori H, Nakashima C, Kawahara I, Nishiguchi Y, Mori T, Sho M, Kondoh M, Luo Y, Kuniyasu H. Role of Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin on YAP Activation in Colonic Sessile Serrated Adenoma/ Polyps with Dysplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113840. [PMID: 32481659 PMCID: PMC7313056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sessile serrated adenoma/polyp with dysplasia (SSA/P-D) is an SSA/P with cellular dysplasia and has a higher risk of progressing to colon carcinogenesis. Previously, we reported that tight junction impairment by Clostridiumperfringens enterotoxin (CPE) leads to activation of the transcriptional co-activator yes-associated protein (YAP) in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we investigated whether CPE activates YAP to promote the malignant progression of SSA/P. E-cadherin expression was lower in the 12 cases with SSA/P-D examined than that in normal mucosa, SSA/P, or tubular adenoma (TA). Furthermore, intracellular translocation of claudin-4 (CLDN4) and nuclear translocation of YAP were observed. The CPE gene was detected in DNA extracted from SSA/P-D lesions, but not in SSA/P or TA. Treatment of the rat intestinal epithelial cell line IEC6 with low-dose CPE resulted in intracellular translocation of CLDN4 to the cytoplasmic membrane. Cytoplasmic CLDN4 showed co-precipitation with transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif, zonula occludens (ZO)-1, large tumor suppressor, and mammalian Ste20-like. Additionally, YAP co-precipitated with ZO-2 under CPE treatment led to decreased YAP phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. YAP activation promoted increase in nuclear TEA domain family member level, expression of cyclin D1, snail, vimentin, CD44, NS and decrease in E-cadherin levels, thereby inducing stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT). The Hippo complex with the incorporation of CLDN4 increased stability. Upon low-dose CPE treatment, HT29 cells with BRAFV600E gene mutation showed increased growth, enhanced invasive potential, stemness, and induced EMT phenotype, whereas HCT116 cells, which carry KRASG13D gene mutation, did not show such changes. In an examination of 10 colorectal cancers, an increase in EMT and stemness was observed in CPE (+) and BRAF mutation (+) cases. These findings suggest that C.perfringens might enhance the malignant transformation of SSA/P-D via YAP activation. Our findings further highlight the importance of controlling intestinal flora using probiotics or antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Chie Nakashima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Isao Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Yukiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Takuya Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan;
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Drug Innovation Center, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 6-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Yi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.K.); Tel.: +86-0513-8505-1805 (Y.L.); +81-744-22-3051 (H.K.); Fax: +81-744-25-7308 (H.K.)
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.F.-T.); (K.F.); (S.M.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (H.O.); (C.N.); (I.K.); (Y.N.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (H.K.); Tel.: +86-0513-8505-1805 (Y.L.); +81-744-22-3051 (H.K.); Fax: +81-744-25-7308 (H.K.)
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Piontek A, Eichner M, Zwanziger D, Beier L, Protze J, Walther W, Theurer S, Schmid KW, Führer‐Sakel D, Piontek J, Krause G. Targeting claudin-overexpressing thyroid and lung cancer by modified Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:261-276. [PMID: 31825142 PMCID: PMC6998413 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) can be used to eliminate carcinoma cells that overexpress on their cell surface CPE receptors - a subset of claudins (e.g., Cldn3 and Cldn4). However, CPE cannot target tumors expressing solely CPE-insensitive claudins (such as Cldn1 and Cldn5). To overcome this limitation, structure-guided modifications were used to generate CPE variants that can strongly bind to Cldn1, Cldn2 and/or Cldn5, while maintaining the ability to bind Cldn3 and Cldn4. This enabled (a) targeting of the most frequent endocrine malignancy, namely, Cldn1-overexpressing thyroid cancer, and (b) improved targeting of the most common cancer type worldwide, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is characterized by high expression of several claudins, including Cldn1 and Cldn5. Different CPE variants, including the novel mutant CPE-Mut3 (S231R/S313H), were applied on thyroid cancer (K1 cells) and NSCLC (PC-9 cells) models. In vitro, CPE-Mut3, but not CPEwt, showed Cldn1-dependent binding and cytotoxicity toward K1 cells. For PC-9 cells, CPE-Mut3 improved claudin-dependent cytotoxic targeting, when compared to CPEwt. In vivo, intratumoral injection of CPE-Mut3 in xenograft models bearing K1 or PC-9 tumors induced necrosis and reduced the growth of both tumor types. Thus, directed modification of CPE enables eradication of tumor entities that cannot be targeted by CPEwt, for instance, Cldn1-overexpressing thyroid cancer by using the novel CPE-Mut3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Piontek
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)BerlinGermany
| | - Miriam Eichner
- Institute of Clinical Physiology / Nutritional Medicine, Medical DepartmentDivision of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charitè – Universitätsmedizin BerlinGermany
| | - Denise Zwanziger
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry – Division of Laboratory ResearchUniversity Hospital EssenGermany
| | - Laura‐Sophie Beier
- Institute of Clinical Physiology / Nutritional Medicine, Medical DepartmentDivision of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charitè – Universitätsmedizin BerlinGermany
| | - Jonas Protze
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)BerlinGermany
| | - Wolfgang Walther
- Experimental and Clinical Research CenterCharitè and Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
| | - Sarah Theurer
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Hospital EssenGermany
| | | | - Dagmar Führer‐Sakel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry – Division of Laboratory ResearchUniversity Hospital EssenGermany
| | - Jörg Piontek
- Institute of Clinical Physiology / Nutritional Medicine, Medical DepartmentDivision of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charitè – Universitätsmedizin BerlinGermany
| | - Gerd Krause
- Leibniz‐Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)BerlinGermany
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Dai YL, Wu CP, Yang GG, Chang H, Peng CK, Huang KL. Adaptive Support Ventilation Attenuates Ventilator Induced Lung Injury: Human and Animal Study. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235848. [PMID: 31766467 PMCID: PMC6929029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive support ventilation (ASV) is a closed-loop ventilation, which can make automatic adjustments in tidal volume (VT) and respiratory rate based on the minimal work of breathing. The purpose of this research was to study whether ASV can provide a protective ventilation pattern to decrease the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury in patients of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In the clinical study, 15 ARDS patients were randomly allocated to an ASV group or a pressure-control ventilation (PCV) group. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate and respiratory parameters between these two groups, suggesting the feasible use of ASV in ARDS. In animal experiments of 18 piglets, the ASV group had a lower alveolar strain compared with the volume-control ventilation (VCV) group. The ASV group exhibited less lung injury and greater alveolar fluid clearance compared with the VCV group. Tissue analysis showed lower expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and higher expression of claudin-4 and occludin in the ASV group than in the VCV group. In conclusion, the ASV mode is capable of providing ventilation pattern fitting into the lung-protecting strategy; this study suggests that ASV mode may effectively reduce the risk or severity of ventilator-associated lung injury in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Dai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Pyng Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, Tao-Yuan 32449, Taiwan;
| | - Gee-Gwo Yang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Hung Chang
- Department of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Kan Peng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-K.P.); (K.-L.H.); Tel.: +886-2-8792-3311 (ext. 13482) (C.-K.P.); +886-2-8792-3311 (ext. 12464) (K.-L.H)
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-K.P.); (K.-L.H.); Tel.: +886-2-8792-3311 (ext. 13482) (C.-K.P.); +886-2-8792-3311 (ext. 12464) (K.-L.H)
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29
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Brewer MG, Yoshida T, Kuo FI, Fridy S, Beck LA, De Benedetto A. Antagonistic Effects of IL-4 on IL-17A-Mediated Enhancement of Epidermal Tight Junction Function. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174070. [PMID: 31438472 PMCID: PMC6747459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease. AD is typically characterized by skewed T helper (Th) 2 inflammation, yet other inflammatory profiles (Th1, Th17, Th22) have been observed in human patients. How cytokines from these different Th subsets impact barrier function in this disease is not well understood. As such, we investigated the impact of the canonical Th17 cytokine, IL-17A, on barrier function and protein composition in primary human keratinocytes and human skin explants. These studies demonstrated that IL-17A enhanced tight junction formation and function in both systems, with a dependence on STAT3 signaling. Importantly, the Th2 cytokine, IL-4 inhibited the barrier-enhancing effect of IL-17A treatment. These observations propose that IL-17A helps to restore skin barrier function, but this action is antagonized by Th2 cytokines. This suggests that restoration of IL-17/IL-4 ratio in the skin of AD patients may improve barrier function and in so doing improve disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Brewer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Fiona I Kuo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sade Fridy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Lisa A Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Anna De Benedetto
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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30
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Zhang K, Meng M, Gao L, Tu Y, Bai Y. Rumen-derived lipopolysaccharide induced ruminal epithelium barrier damage in goats fed a high-concentrate diet. Microb Pathog 2019; 131:81-86. [PMID: 30910720 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released in the rumen on epithelium barrier function of goats fed a HC diet. Twelve Boer goats were randomly divided into two groups: low-concentrate(LC) diet and high-concentrate(HC) diet treatment. We found that the pH of rumen fluid in the HC group was lower than in the LC group (P < 0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the rumen epithelium were lower in the LC group than the HC group (P < 0.05). Gene expression and protein levels of the tight junction proteins claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin, and Zona occludin-1 were all greater in the LC group than the HC group (P < 0.05). Staining of claudin-1, occludin and ZO-1 was became irregular. In conclusion, high concentrate diet feeding can impair rumen epithelium function and decrease tight junction protein expression through MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Circular Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Meng
- Circular Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Lipeng Gao
- Circular Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanlu Tu
- Circular Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfeng Bai
- Circular Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China.
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Löser R, Bader M, Kuchar M, Wodtke R, Lenk J, Wodtke J, Kuhne K, Bergmann R, Haase-Kohn C, Urbanová M, Steinbach J, Pietzsch J. Synthesis, 18F-labelling and radiopharmacological characterisation of the C-terminal 30mer of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin as a potential claudin-targeting peptide. Amino Acids 2018; 51:219-244. [PMID: 30264172 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The cell surface receptor claudin-4 (Cld-4) is upregulated in various tumours and represents an important emerging target for both diagnosis and treatment of solid tumours of epithelial origin. The C-terminal fragment of the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin cCPE290-319 appears as a suitable ligand for targeting Cld-4. The synthesis of this 30mer peptide was attempted via several approaches, which has revealed sequential SPPS using three pseudoproline dipeptide building blocks to be the most efficient one. Labelling with fluorine-18 was achieved on solid phase using N-succinimidyl 4-[18F]fluorobenzoate ([18F]SFB) and 4-[18F]fluorobenzoyl chloride as 18F-acylating agents, which was the most advantageous when [18F]SFB was reacted with the resin-bound 30mer containing an N-terminal 6-aminohexanoic spacer. Binding to Cld-4 was demonstrated via surface plasmon resonance using a protein construct containing both extracellular loops of Cld-4. In addition, cell binding experiments were performed for 18F-labelled cCPE290-319 with the Cld-4 expressing tumour cell lines HT-29 and A431 that were complemented by fluorescence microscopy studies using the corresponding fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated peptide. The 30mer peptide proved to be sufficiently stable in blood plasma. Studying the in vivo behaviour of 18F-labelled cCPE290-319 in healthy mice and rats by dynamic PET imaging and radiometabolite analyses has revealed that the peptide is subject to substantial liver uptake and rapid metabolic degradation in vivo, which limits its suitability as imaging probe for tumour-associated Cld-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reik Löser
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Miriam Bader
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manuela Kuchar
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Wodtke
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Lenk
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Wodtke
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Konstantin Kuhne
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cathleen Haase-Kohn
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marie Urbanová
- Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jörg Steinbach
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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Torres JB, Knight JC, Mosley MJ, Kersemans V, Koustoulidou S, Allen D, Kinchesh P, Smart S, Cornelissen B. Imaging of Claudin-4 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using a Radiolabelled Anti-Claudin-4 Monoclonal Antibody. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 20:292-299. [PMID: 28842811 PMCID: PMC5862916 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-017-1112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite its widespread use, the positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) has been shown in clinical settings to be ineffective for improving early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A promising biomarker for PDAC detection is the tight junction protein claudin-4. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging agent, [111In]anti-claudin-4 mAb, with regard to its ability to allow visualisation of claudin-4 in a xenograft and a genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC. PROCEDURES The ability of [111In]anti-claudin-4 mAb to selectively target claudin-4 was assessed using two human xenograft tumour models with differential claudin-4 status in mice. [111In]anti-claudin-4 mAb was also used to detect PDAC development in genetically engineered KPC mice. The PDAC status of these mice was confirmed with [18F]FDG-PET, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histology, and immunofluorescence microscopy. RESULTS High uptake of [111In]anti-claudin-4 mAb was observed in PDAC xenografts in mice, reaching 16.9 ± 4.5 % of injected dose per gram (% ID/g) at 72 h post-injection. This uptake was mediated specifically by the expression of claudin-4. Uptake of [111In]anti-claudin-4 mAb also enabled clear visualisation of spontaneous PDAC formation in KPC mice. CONCLUSIONS [111In]anti-claudin-4 mAb allows non-invasive detection of claudin-4 upregulation during development of PDAC and could potentially be used to aid in the early detection and characterisation of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Baguña Torres
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - James C Knight
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Michael J Mosley
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Veerle Kersemans
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sofia Koustoulidou
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Danny Allen
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Paul Kinchesh
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sean Smart
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Bart Cornelissen
- CR-UK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
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Di C, Jin F. [Value of combined detection of claudin 4 and high-risk human papilloma virus in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and cervix squamous cell carcinoma]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018; 47:344-350. [PMID: 30511519 PMCID: PMC10397100 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2018.08.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of claudin 4 (CLDN4) in cervical tissues from patients with different cervical lesions, and to explore the value of combined detection of CLDN4 and high risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV). METHODS The cervical tissue specimens of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL, n=30), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL, n=30), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, n=30) as well as chronic cervicitis (control, n=30) were collected from the Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University during June 2015 and December 2016. The expression of CLDN4 protein in tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry, HR-HPV was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, and the cervical exfoliated cells were examined by thinprep cytologic test (TCT). The ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of TCT combined with HR-HPV and CLDN4 combined with HR-HPV tests for HSIL and SCC of the cervix. RESULTS With the increase of the severity of cervical lesions, the positive rate of CLDN4 expression rose (r=0.832, P<0.05). Positivity of both HR-HPV infection and CLDN4 expression was found mainly in the HSIL and SCC groups. The areas under curve (AUC) of TCT combined with HR-HPV and CLDN4 combined with HR-HPV tests for diagnosis of HSIL and SCC were 0.683 and 0.633, respectively; the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of TCT combined with HR-HPV test for diagnosis of HSIL and SCC were 100.0%, 36.7%, 61.2%, 100.0% and 46.7% respectively; those of CLDN4 combined with HR-HPV test were 96.7%, 30.0%, 58.0%, 90.0% and 55.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CLDN4 expression may be related to the occurrence and development of cervical carcinoma and precancerous lesions. CLDN4 combined with HR-HPV test may be used for diagnosis of HSIL and SCC of the cervix clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhong Di
- Department of Gynecology, Run Run Shaw International Medical Center, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Fan Jin
- Department of Reproductive Genetics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310006, China
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Barmeyer C, Erko I, Awad K, Fromm A, Bojarski C, Meissner S, Loddenkemper C, Kerick M, Siegmund B, Fromm M, Schweiger MR, Schulzke JD. Epithelial barrier dysfunction in lymphocytic colitis through cytokine-dependent internalization of claudin-5 and -8. J Gastroenterol 2017; 52:1090-1100. [PMID: 28138755 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-017-1309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Watery diarrhea is the cardinal symptom of lymphocytic colitis (LC). We have previously shown that colonic Na malabsorption is one of the major pathologic alterations of LC and found evidence for an epithelial barrier defect. On these grounds, this study aimed to identify the inherent mechanisms of this epithelial barrier dysfunction and its regulatory features. METHODS Epithelial resistance (R epi) was determined by one-path impedance spectroscopy and 3H-mannitol fluxes were performed on biopsies from sigmoid colon in miniaturized Ussing chambers. Tight junction proteins were analyzed by Western blot and confocal microscopy. Inflammatory signaling was characterized in HT-29/B6 cells. Apoptosis and mucosal surface parameters were quantified morphologically. RESULTS R epi was reduced to 53% and 3H-mannitol fluxes increased 1.7-fold in LC due to lower expression of claudin-4, -5, and -8 and altered subcellular claudin-5 and -8 distributions off the tight junction. TNFα and IFNγ could mimic subcellular redistribution in HT-29/B6 cells, a process which was independent on MLCK activation. Epithelial apoptosis did not contribute to barrier dysfunction in LC and mucosal surface area was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Epithelial barrier dysfunction in LC occurs through downregulation of claudin-4, -5, and -8, and redistribution of claudin-5 and -8 off the tight junction, which contributes to diarrhea by a leak-flux mechanism. The key effector cytokines TNFα and IFNγ turned out to be the trigger for redistribution of claudin-5 and -8. Thus, alongside sodium malabsorption, leak-flux is yet another important diarrheal mechanism in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Barmeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irene Erko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karem Awad
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Fromm
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Bojarski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Svenja Meissner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Loddenkemper
- Institute of Pathology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pathology PathoTres, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kerick
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fromm
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal R Schweiger
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörg-Dieter Schulzke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
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Tokuda S, Hirai T, Furuse M. Claudin-4 knockout by TALEN-mediated gene targeting in MDCK cells: Claudin-4 is dispensable for the permeability properties of tight junctions in wild-type MDCK cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182521. [PMID: 28777806 PMCID: PMC5544209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelia act as a barrier between the internal and external environments, and the movement of substances via the paracellular pathway is regulated by tight junctions (TJs). Claudins are major determinants of TJ permeability. Claudin-4 was the first claudin whose involvement in the TJ permeability in cultured cells was directly demonstrated, but the permeability properties of individual claudins including claudin-4 are still incompletely clarified. In this study, we established claudin-4 knockout cells using transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), a recently developed method for genome editing, and investigated the permeability property of claudin-4 in MDCK II cells. We found that claudin-4 knockout has no apparent effect on the localization of other claudins and electrophysiological properties in MDCK II cells. Therefore we further established claudin-2 and claudin-4 double knockout clones and investigated the effects on TJs. Claudin-4 knockout in addition to claudin-2 knockout slightly increased the localization of other claudins at TJs but showed no obvious effects on the electrophysiological properties in MDCK II cells. These results indicate that claudin-4 is dispensable for the barrier property of TJs in wild-type as well as claudin-2 knockout MDCK II cells. Our results suggest the need for further knockout analysis to reveal the permeability properties of individual claudins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsaku Tokuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mikio Furuse
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
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Molina-Jijón E, Rodríguez-Muñoz R, González-Ramírez R, Namorado-Tónix C, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Reyes JL. Aldosterone signaling regulates the over-expression of claudin-4 and -8 at the distal nephron from type 1 diabetic rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177362. [PMID: 28493961 PMCID: PMC5426686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia in diabetes alters tight junction (TJ) proteins in the kidney. We evaluated the participation of aldosterone (ALD), and the effect of spironolactone (SPL), a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, on the expressions of claudin-2, -4, -5 and -8, and occludin in glomeruli, proximal and distal tubules isolated from diabetic rats. Type 1 diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats by a single tail vein injection of streptozotocin (STZ), and SPL was administrated daily by gavage, from days 3–21. Twenty-one days after STZ injection the rats were sacrificed. In diabetic rats, the serum ALD levels were increased, and SPL-treatment did not have effect on these levels or in hyperglycemia, however, proteinuria decreased in SPL-treated diabetic rats. Glomerular damage, evaluated by nephrin and Wilm’s tumor 1 (WT1) protein expressions, and proximal tubular damage, evaluated by kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1) and heat shock protein 72 kDa (Hsp72) expressions, were ameliorated by SPL. Also, SPL prevented decrement in claudin-5 in glomeruli, and claudin-2 and occludin in proximal tubules by decreasing oxidative stress, evaluated by superoxide anion (O2●―) production, and oxidative stress markers. In distal tubules, SPL ameliorated increase in mRNA, protein expression, and phosphorylation in threonine residues of claudin-4 and -8, through a serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1), and with-no-lysine kinase 4 (WNK4) signaling pathway. In conclusion, this is the first study that demonstrates that ALD modulates the expression of renal TJ proteins in diabetes, and that the blockade of its actions with SPL, may be a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent alterations of TJ proteins in diabetic nephropathy.
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MESH Headings
- Aldosterone/metabolism
- Animals
- Claudin-4/metabolism
- Claudins/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Female
- Hyperglycemia/blood
- Hyperglycemia/drug therapy
- Hyperglycemia/prevention & control
- Immediate-Early Proteins/metabolism
- Kidney Glomerulus/drug effects
- Kidney Glomerulus/pathology
- Kidney Tubules/drug effects
- Kidney Tubules/pathology
- Models, Biological
- Natriuresis/drug effects
- Nephrons/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Potassium/blood
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proteinuria/blood
- Proteinuria/complications
- Proteinuria/drug therapy
- Proteinuria/prevention & control
- Rats, Wistar
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Spironolactone/pharmacology
- Spironolactone/therapeutic use
- Tight Junctions/drug effects
- Tight Junctions/metabolism
- Weight Loss/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Molina-Jijón
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, México
- Departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre el Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CIIEMAD-IPN), Mexico City, México
| | - Rafael Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, México
| | - Ricardo González-Ramírez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility, Dr. Manuel Gea González, General Hospital, Mexico City, México
| | - Carmen Namorado-Tónix
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, México
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, México
| | - Jose L. Reyes
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, México
- * E-mail:
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Moris D, Schizas D, Michalinos A, Kanavidis P, Dimitrokallis N, Alexandrou A, Misiakos E, Liakakos T. The expression of Claudin-4 in gastric cancer tissue: A single center experience. J BUON 2017; 22:403-409. [PMID: 28534362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastric cancer (GC) is still one of the most common malignancies with the majority of the tumors diagnosed at advanced stage. The need for identification of prognostic and early detection biomarkers is thus compulsory. Claudins are biomarkers that are currently evaluated in the literature in the frame of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The purpose of this investigation was to study the expression of claudin-4 in the various histological subtypes of GC and to evaluate its prognostic value. METHODS This investigation was performed on gastric tumors obtained from 66 (46 men and 20 women) patients with documented gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent total or partial gastrectomy and regional lymphadenectomy from 2003 till 2011. Features such as tumor size, depth of invasion, grade and histological subtype, lymphovascular space invasion and regional lymph nodes involvement were also evaluated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used for assessing the expression of claudin-4 with a semi-quantitative model. RESULTS 66.7% of our cases showed abnormal claudin-4 expression in IHC. Claudin-4 was significantly correlated with tumor T stage and with intestinal type classification. The correlation of claudin-4 tissue expression with patient overall survival survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) was not statistically significant, as well as with age, gender, tumor N stage, grade, TNM stage, positive lymph node ratio or lymphovascular invasion. CONCLUSIONS Literature stands equivocal about the exact role and prognostic value of claudin-4 and histopathology and tumor invasiveness in patients with GC. Our results further strengthen the need of larger studies to fully elucidate the predictive role of claudin-4 in the natural history of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrios Moris
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Váradi J, Harazin A, Fenyvesi F, Réti-Nagy K, Gogolák P, Vámosi G, Bácskay I, Fehér P, Ujhelyi Z, Vasvári G, Róka E, Haines D, Deli MA, Vecsernyés M. Alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Protects against Cytokine-Induced Barrier Damage in Caco-2 Intestinal Epithelial Monolayers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170537. [PMID: 28103316 PMCID: PMC5245816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a potent anti-inflammatory peptide with cytoprotective effect in various tissues. The present investigation demonstrates the ability of α-MSH to interact with intestinal epithelial cell monolayers and mitigate inflammatory processes of the epithelial barrier. The protective effect of α-MSH was studied on Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial monolayers, which were disrupted by exposure to tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. The barrier integrity was assessed by measuring transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) and permeability for marker molecules. Caco-2 monolayers were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for expression of melanocortin-1 receptor and tight junction proteins ZO-1 and claudin-4. The activation of nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) was detected by fluorescence microscopy and inflammatory cytokine expression was assessed by flow cytometric bead array cytokine assay. Exposure of Caco-2 monolayers to proinflammatory cytokines lowered TEER and increased permeability for fluorescein and albumin, which was accompanied by changes in ZO-1 and claudin-4 immunostaining. α-MSH was able to prevent inflammation-associated decrease of TEER in a dose-dependent manner and reduce the increased permeability for paracellular marker fluorescein. Further immunohistochemistry analysis revealed proinflammatory cytokine induced translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit into Caco-2 cell nuclei, which was inhibited by α-MSH. As a result the IL-6 and IL-8 production of Caco-2 monolayers were also decreased with different patterns by the addition of α-MSH to the culture medium. In conclusion, Caco-2 cells showed a positive immunostaining for melanocortin-1 receptor and α-MSH protected Caco-2 cells against inflammatory barrier dysfunction and inflammatory activation induced by tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Váradi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - András Harazin
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fenyvesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Réti-Nagy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Gogolák
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Vámosi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pálma Fehér
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Ujhelyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Vasvári
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Róka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - David Haines
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mária A. Deli
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miklós Vecsernyés
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Wang J, Kong M, Zhou Z, Yan D, Yu X, Cheng X, Feng C, Liu Y, Chen X. Mechanism of surface charge triggered intestinal epithelial tight junction opening upon chitosan nanoparticles for insulin oral delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 157:596-602. [PMID: 27987967 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelium is a major barrier limiting the absorption of oral insulin owing to the presence of intercellular tight junctions (TJs). Previous studies proved that carboxymethyl chitosan/chitosan-nanoparticles (CMCS/CS-NPs) exhibited surface charge depending promotion of intestinal absorption. This study further confirmed the better performances of insulin:CMCS/CS-NPs(-) in enhancing epithelial permeation, increasing bioavailability and extending blood duration of insulin than insulin:CMCS/CS-NPs(+). Immunohistochemistry sections found that TJs on jejunum epithelium completely disappeared in insulin:CMCS/CS-NPs(-) group, partially existed in insulin:CMCS/CS-NPs(+) group and appeared no change in control. Surface charges of CMCS/CS-NPs triggered intestinal epithelial TJs opening through different mechanisms. Although a down-regulation of TJs protein claudin-4 was detected in both nanoparticles groups, for phosphorylated claudin-4, the activating form, whose down-regulation occurred only in insulin:CMCS/CS-NPs(-) group. Counting upon synergetic effects of Ca2+ deprivation from adherens junctions and claudin-4 dephosphorylation and degradation, CMCS/CS-NPs(-) triggered more extensive disintegration of TJs and stronger paracellular permeability than the positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China; College of Life Science, Linyi University, Shandong, 276005, PR China
| | - Ming Kong
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Zhenjin Zhou
- Shandong Linyi Guolong Eco-Tech Co., Ltd., Lin'yi, 276034, PR China
| | - Dong Yan
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Cheng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Chao Feng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Xiguang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
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Kim NI, Kim GE, Lee JS. Diagnostic Usefulness of Claudin-3 and Claudin-4 for Immunocytochemical Differentiation between Metastatic Adenocarcinoma Cells and Reactive Mesothelial Cells in Effusion Cell Blocks. Acta Cytol 2016; 60:232-9. [PMID: 27387183 DOI: 10.1159/000447008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Claudin-3 and claudin-4 have recently been reported as promising targets for the detection and diagnosis of cancer. This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic value of claudin-3 and claudin-4 immunoreactivity to distinguish metastatic adenocarcinoma cells (MAC) from reactive mesothelial cells (RMC) in effusions. STUDY DESIGN Claudin-3 and claudin-4 immunocytochemical staining was performed on 234 cell block specimens, including 194 malignant effusions with MAC and 40 benign effusions with RMC. Any degree of membranous staining was considered positive. RESULTS Claudin-3 was positive in 190 (97.9%) out of 194 cases with MAC and in 3 (7.5%) out of 40 cases with RMC. Claudin-4 immunoreactivity was seen in all 194 (100%) cases with MAC and in 11 (27.5%) out of 40 cases with RMC. In all claudin-3- or claudin-4-positive RMC samples, the area of positive staining was <25% of the cells. Claudin-3 and claudin-4 efficiently discriminated between MAC and RMC (p < 0.001 for both), and claudin-3 was more specific than claudin-4 in differentiating between MAC and RMC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results suggest that claudin-3 and claudin-4 are good candidates to be included as MAC markers in the panel of antibodies to distinguish MAC from RMC in effusion specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nah Ihm Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Shareef MM, Radi DMA, Eid AMM. Tight junction protein claudin 4 in gastric carcinoma and its relation to lymphangiogenic activity. Arab J Gastroenterol 2015; 16:105-12. [PMID: 26526513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Claudins are a family of tight junction proteins that are biologically relevant in many cancer progression steps. This study aimed to investigate the expression of the intestinal claudin (claudin 4) in gastric carcinoma and to evaluate its relation to the different clinicopathologic prognostic parameters, especially lymphangiogenesis (production of new lymphatic vessels, measured by lymphovascular density (LVD)) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-five gastric carcinoma specimens were immunohistochemically stained for claudin 4 and D2-40 (for detection of lymphatic vessel endothelium). RESULTS High expression of claudin 4 was detected in 26 of 55 (47.3%) cases. Low expression of claudin 4 was related to poorly differentiated type (p=0.001), non-intestinal (diffuse) type (p=0.001), deeper tumour invasion (p<0.001), lymph node metastasis (p=0.001), and higher stage (p=0.001). In addition, higher LVD was related to poorly differentiated types (p=0.001), non-intestinal type (p=0.001), lymph node metastasis (p=0.015), and higher tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) stage (p=0.001). LVI was related to lymph node metastasis (p=0.025), higher TNM stage (p=0.001), and LVD (p=0.001). Claudin 4 significantly correlated with both LVD (p=0.009) and LVI (p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS High expression of claudin 4 was associated with the more differentiated intestinal-type gastric carcinoma and lost in poorly differentiated diffuse type. So, claudin 4 may be used as one of the differentiating markers between the two major types of gastric carcinoma (intestinal vs. diffuse). LVD and LVI were related to higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and therefore could be used as predictive markers for lymph node metastasis in limited specimens during early gastric carcinoma to determine the need for more invasive surgery. Low expression of claudin 4 was related to lymphangiogenesis. This may shed light on the relation of tight junction protein expression and lymphangiogenesis.
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Li J, Li YX, Chen MH, Li J, Du J, Shen B, Xia XM. Changes in the phosphorylation of claudins during the course of experimental colitis. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:12225-12233. [PMID: 26722407 PMCID: PMC4680352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The phosphorylation of the tight-junction protein claudin causes allosterism, endocytosis and changes in the polarity of the epithelium, thus affecting the barrier function. The phosphorylation status of claudin during the course of colitis has not been demonstrated. In the present study, we found that the phosphorylated claudin-4 and claudin-7 contents were increased in experimental colitis at days 6 and 8, and colonic phosphorylated claudin-6 was found to be increased at day 4 and day 8. Colonic phosphorylated claudin-5 was found to be decreased at day 4 but increased at day 6. These changes were accompanied by increases in intestinal permeability. In T84 cells, phosphorylated claudin-3 was increased at 48 h but decreased at 72 h after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Phosphorylated claudin-5 and claudin-7 were decreased 72 h after LPS treatment, while phosphorylated claudin-6 was increased at 72 h after LPS treatment. We conclude that the phosphorylation of colonic claudins was changed during the course of colitis, which may be related to the change in the intestinal barrier function. Cytokine such as LPS was found to affect the phosphorylation of colonic claudins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Li
- The Eighth Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mei-Hua Chen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xian-Ming Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, Anhui, China
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Li W, Shu X, Gu W, Peng K, Cai H, Jiang L, Jiang M. [Tight junction protein expression of gastric mucosa and its significance in children with Helicobacter pylori infection]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2015; 53:510-515. [PMID: 26310643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the junction protein expression of gastric mucosa including occlusal proteins (occludin), closed protein-4 (claudin-4), zonula occluden-1(ZO-1), epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), and β ring protein (β-catenin) and the clinical significance in children with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. METHOD Seventy patients in whom gastric endoscopy was performed because of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, acid reflux, melena, and other gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled in this study from Dec. 2010 to Apr. 2013 in our hospital. Informed consent was signed by their parents, and the study was in accordance with the principles of medical ethics. Hp positivity was confirmed if both respiratory urea test (RUT) and Hp were positive by gastric mucosal pathology. Gastric mucosal samples from 70 patients were enrolled in this study, 23 of them were Hp negative, 47 of them were Hp positive (24 cases without peptic ulcer, 23 cases with peptic ulcer). The mRNA levels and protein expression of tight junction protein of gastric mucosa were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The location and semi quantitative content of E-cadherin and β-catenin in gastric mucosa were detected by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULT The mRNA level of E-cadherin, β-catenin, ZO-1 in the Hp positive group regardless of peptic ulcer was significantly lower than that in the Hp negative group. Hp positive without peptic ulcer group were 0.0008, 0.0040, 0.0014, respectively; Hp positive with peptic ulcer group were 0.0010, 0.0090, 0.0013, respectively; Hp negative group were 0.0137, 0.0423, 0.0198, respectively (F values were 36.956, 39.893, 38.962, respectively, all P<0.05). The expression of claudin-4 mRNA in Hp positive group with peptic ulcer increased significantly, the difference among Hp positive group with peptic ulcer, Hp positive group without peptic ulcer and Hp negative group was statistically significant (0.1438 vs. 0.0926 vs. 0.0789) (F value was 11.964, P<0.05), while the difference of occludin mRNA levels among the three groups was not statistically significant.Immunohistochemistry results showed that the score of E-cadherin, β-catenin positive cell in the Hp positive patients were also significantly lower than that in the Hp negative group (t values were 3.981 and 2.340, all P<0.05, respectively). Western blot results showed that the protein levels of β-catenin in Hp positive group with peptic ulcer were significantly lower than that in Hp negative group, while the protein levels of E-cadherin in Hp positive patients regardless of peptic ulcer were decreased significantly in Hp negative group. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that the tight junction protein E-cadherin, β-catenin, ZO-1 expression of gastric mucosa were decreased in children with Hp infection, while claudin-4 expression was increased in Hp positive patients with peptic ulcer, suggesting that damage to gastric epithelial barrier function may be the main pathogenesis of Hp associated gastric diseases in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Weizhong Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Kerong Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Haifang Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Liqin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
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Suzuki H, Watari A, Hashimoto E, Yonemitsu M, Kiyono H, Yagi K, Kondoh M, Kunisawa J. C-Terminal Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin-Mediated Antigen Delivery for Nasal Pneumococcal Vaccine. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126352. [PMID: 26018248 PMCID: PMC4446347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient vaccine delivery to mucosal tissues including mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues is essential for the development of mucosal vaccine. We previously reported that claudin-4 was highly expressed on the epithelium of nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) and thus claudin-4-targeting using C-terminal fragment of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (C-CPE) effectively delivered fused antigen to NALT and consequently induced antigen-specific immune responses. In this study, we applied the C-CPE-based vaccine delivery system to develop a nasal pneumococcal vaccine. We fused C-CPE with pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), an important antigen for the induction of protective immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, (PspA-C-CPE). PspA-C-CPE binds to claudin-4 and thus efficiently attaches to NALT epithelium, including antigen-sampling M cells. Nasal immunization with PspA-C-CPE induced PspA-specific IgG in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as IgA in the nasal wash and BALF. These immune responses were sufficient to protect against pneumococcal infection. These results suggest that C-CPE is an efficient vaccine delivery system for the development of nasal vaccines against pneumococcal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Suzuki
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567–0085, Japan
- Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Watari
- Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Eri Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567–0085, Japan
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108–8639, Japan
| | - Miki Yonemitsu
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567–0085, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108–8639, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108–8639, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Yagi
- Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Laboratory of Bio-Functional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
- * E-mail: (JK); (MK)
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567–0085, Japan
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108–8639, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108–8639, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650–0017, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
- * E-mail: (JK); (MK)
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Mosley M, Knight J, Neesse A, Michl P, Iezzi M, Kersemans V, Cornelissen B. Claudin-4 SPECT Imaging Allows Detection of Aplastic Lesions in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:745-51. [PMID: 25840973 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.152496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The expression of claudin-4, a protein involved in tight junction complexes, is widely dysregulated in epithelial malignancies. Claudin-4 is overexpressed in several premalignant precursor lesions, including those of cancers of the breast, pancreas, and prostate, and is associated with poor survival. A noncytotoxic C-terminal fragment of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cCPE) is a natural ligand for claudin-4. Here, we demonstrate whole-body quantitative SPECT imaging of preneoplastic breast cancer tissue using (111)In-labeled cCPE. METHODS cCPE.GST or GST (GST is glutathione S-transferase) was conjugated to the metal ion chelator benzyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid to allow (111)In radiolabeling. The affinity of radiolabeled cCPE.GST for claudin-4 was confirmed using claudin-4-expressing MDA-MB-468 and SQ20b cells, compared with claudin-4-negative HT1080 cells. In vivo SPECT imaging was performed using athymic mice bearing MDA-MB-468 or HT1080 xenografts and using genetically modified BALB/neuT mice, which spontaneously develop claudin-4-expressing breast cancer lesions. RESULTS The uptake of (111)In-cCPE.GST in claudin-4-positive MDA-MB-468 xenograft tumors in athymic mice was significantly higher than in (111)In-GST or claudin-4-negative HT1080 tumors (6.72 ± 0.18 vs. 3.88 ± 1.00 vs. 2.36 ± 1.25 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g]; P < 0.0001). No other significant differences were observed in any of the examined organs. BALB/neuT mice, expressing rat neuT under mmtv promotor control, spontaneously developed tumorous lesions within their mammary fat pads over the course of 130 d. Overt mammary tumors were claudin-4-positive, and (111)In-cCPE.GST uptake was 3.2 ± 0.70 %ID/g, significantly higher than (111)In-GST (1.00 ± 0.60 %ID/g; P < 0.05). Mammary fat pads in mice aged 80 d bore claudin-4-positive aplastic lesions and accumulated (111)In-cCPE.GST (3.17 ± 0.51 %ID/g) but not (111)In-GST (0.99 ± 0.39 %ID/g; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Taken together, (111)In-cCPE.GST targets claudin-4 expression in frank tumors and preneoplastic tissue, and cCPE imaging may be used as an early detection tool for breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mosley
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James Knight
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Albrecht Neesse
- Department of Gastroenterology II, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Michl
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Infectiology and Metabolism, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; and
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Veerle Kersemans
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bart Cornelissen
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Wiechmann AF, Ceresa BP, Howard EW. Diurnal variation of tight junction integrity associates inversely with matrix metalloproteinase expression in Xenopus laevis corneal epithelium: implications for circadian regulation of homeostatic surface cell desquamation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113810. [PMID: 25412440 PMCID: PMC4239109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The corneal epithelium provides a protective barrier against pathogen entrance and abrasive forces, largely due to the intercellular junctional complexes between neighboring cells. After a prescribed duration at the corneal surface, tight junctions between squamous surface cells must be disrupted to enable them to desquamate as a component of the tissue homeostatic renewal. We hypothesize that matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) are secreted by corneal epithelial cells and cleave intercellular junctional proteins extracellularly at the epithelial surface. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of specific MMPs and tight junction proteins during both the light and dark phases of the circadian cycle, and to assess their temporal and spatial relationships in the Xenopus laevis corneal epithelium. Methodology/Principal Findings Expression of MMP-2, tissue inhibitor of MMP-2 (TIMP-2), membrane type 1-MMP (MT1-MMP) and the tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-4 were examined by confocal double-label immunohistochemistry on corneas obtained from Xenopus frogs at different circadian times. Occludin and claudin-4 expression was generally uniformly intact on the surface corneal epithelial cell lateral membranes during the daytime, but was frequently disrupted in small clusters of cells at night. Concomitantly, MMP-2 expression was often elevated in a mosaic pattern at nighttime and associated with clusters of desquamating surface cells. The MMP-2 binding partners, TIMP-2 and MT1-MMP were also localized to surface corneal epithelial cells during both the light and dark phases, with TIMP-2 tending to be elevated during the daytime. Conclusions/Significance MMP-2 protein expression is elevated in a mosaic pattern in surface corneal epithelial cells during the nighttime in Xenopus laevis, and may play a role in homeostatic surface cell desquamation by disrupting intercellular junctional proteins. The sequence of MMP secretion and activation, tight junction protein cleavage, and subsequent surface cell desquamation and renewal may be orchestrated by nocturnal circadian signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan F. Wiechmann
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Brian P. Ceresa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Eric W. Howard
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
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Lejeune M, Moreau F, Chadee K. Loss of EP2 receptor subtype in colonic cells compromise epithelial barrier integrity by altering claudin-4. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113270. [PMID: 25396731 PMCID: PMC4232557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a bioactive lipid mediator that exerts its biological function through interaction with four different subtypes of E-Prostanoid receptor namely EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4. It has been known that EP2 receptor is differentially over-expressed in the epithelia of inflamed human colonic mucosa. However, the significance of the differential expression in altering epithelial barrier function is not known. In this study, we used Caco-2 cells expressing EP2 receptor, either high (EP2S) or low (EP2A), as a model epithelia and determined the barrier function of these cell monolayers by measuring the trans epithelial resistance (TER). Basal TER of EP2A (but not EP2S) monolayer was significantly lower suggesting a loss of colonic epithelial barrier integrity. In comparison, the TER of wild type Caco-2 was decreased in response to an EP2 receptor specific antagonist (AH-6809) indicating an important role for EP2 receptor in the maintenance of epithelial barrier function. The decrease TER in EP2A monolayer corresponded with a significant loss of the tight junction (TJ) protein claudin-4 without affecting other major TJ proteins. Similarly, EP2 receptor antagonism/siRNA based silencing significantly decreased claudin-4 expression in EP2S cells. Surprisingly, alteration in claudin-4 was not transcriptionally regulated in EP2A cells but rather undergoes increased proteosomal degradation. Moreover, among the TER compromising cytokines examined (IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ) only IFN-γ was significantly up regulated in EP2A cells. However, IFN-γ did not significantly decreased claudin-4 expression in Caco-2 cells indicating no role for IFN-γ in degrading claudin-4. We conclude that differential down-regulation of EP2 receptor play a major role in compromising colonic epithelial barrier function by selectively increasing proteosomal degradation of claudin-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manigandan Lejeune
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - France Moreau
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kris Chadee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Ma F, Ding X, Fan Y, Ying J, Zheng S, Lu N, Xu B. A CLDN1-negative phenotype predicts poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112765. [PMID: 25393310 PMCID: PMC4231092 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease with no definitive prognostic markers. As a major component of tight junctions, claudins (CLDNs) presumably play an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of breast cancer. This study was aimed at determining the relationship between the expression of CLDNs and the clinical outcomes of TNBCs. Materials and Methods The surgical specimens of primary breast tumors from a consecutive cohort of 173 TNBC patients were retrospectively collected. The membranous expression of CLDN1, CLDN2, CLDN4, and CLDN7 was measured by immunohistochemistry. Then, the associations between CLDN expression, clinicopathological features, and clinical outcomes were assessed. Results Positive CLDN1, CLDN2, CLDN4, and CLDN7 membrane expression was detected in 44.5%, 54.9%, 76.9%, and 73.4% of the cohort specimens, respectively. A lack of CLDN1 expression was related to only lymph node metastasis (P = 0.014). The rate of CLDN4-positive tumors was significantly increased in tumors of a higher grade (P = 0.003). Importantly, negative CLDN1 expression was associated with worse relapse-free survival (RFS) in both lymph node positive (LN+) and negative (LN−) cases (both P<0.001). Similarly it was also associated with shorter overall survival (OS)(P = 0.003 in LN+ cases; P = 0.018 in LN− cases). In the LN+ subgroup, CLDN2-negative cases had a significantly higher risk of recurrence (P = 0.008). Multivariate analysis revealed that negative CLDN1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for high risk of both recurrence and death (HR 5.529, 95% CI 2.664–11.475, P<0.001; HR 3.459, 95% CI 1.555–7.696, P = 0.002). However, neither CLDN4 nor CLDN7 expression was associated with survival. Conclusion In TNBC, the CLDN1-negative phenotype predicts a high risk of recurrence and death. The absence of CLDN1 expression is strongly suggested to be an independent adverse prognostic factor in this heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Carcinoma, Ductal/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lobular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lobular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
- Claudin-1/genetics
- Claudin-1/metabolism
- Claudin-4/genetics
- Claudin-4/metabolism
- Claudins/genetics
- Claudins/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lymph Nodes/metabolism
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Grading
- Phenotype
- Prognosis
- Recurrence
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Survival Analysis
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing DiTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Sawanobori Y, Ueta H, Dijkstra CD, Park CG, Satou M, Kitazawa Y, Matsuno K. Three distinct subsets of thymic epithelial cells in rats and mice defined by novel antibodies. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109995. [PMID: 25334032 PMCID: PMC4204869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are thought to play an essential role in T cell development and have been detected mainly in mice using lectin binding and antibodies to keratins. Our aim in the present study was to create a precise map of rat TECs using antibodies to putative markers and novel monoclonal antibodies (i.e., ED 18/19/21 and anti-CD205 antibodies) and compare it with a map from mouse counterparts and that of rat thymic dendritic cells. RESULTS Rat TECs were subdivided on the basis of phenotype into three subsets; ED18+ED19+/-keratin 5 (K5)+K8+CD205+ class II MHC (MHCII)+ cortical TECs (cTECs), ED18+ED21-K5-K8+Ulex europaeus lectin 1 (UEA-1)+CD205- medullary TECs (mTEC1s), and ED18+ED21+K5+K8dullUEA-1-CD205- medullary TECs (mTEC2s). Thymic nurse cells were defined in cytosmears as an ED18+ED19+/-K5+K8+ subset of cTECs. mTEC1s preferentially expressed MHCII, claudin-3, claudin-4, and autoimmune regulator (AIRE). Use of ED18 and ED21 antibodies revealed three subsets of TECs in mice as well. We also detected two distinct TEC-free areas in the subcapsular cortex and in the medulla. Rat dendritic cells in the cortex were MHCII+CD103+ but negative for TEC markers, including CD205. Those in the medulla were MHCII+CD103+ and CD205+ cells were found only in the TEC-free area. CONCLUSION Both rats and mice have three TEC subsets with similar phenotypes that can be identified using known markers and new monoclonal antibodies. These findings will facilitate further analysis of TEC subsets and DCs and help to define their roles in thymic selection and in pathological states such as autoimmune disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Claudin-3/immunology
- Claudin-3/metabolism
- Claudin-4/immunology
- Claudin-4/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/cytology
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Female
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism
- Keratin-5/immunology
- Keratin-5/metabolism
- Keratin-8/immunology
- Keratin-8/metabolism
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
- Phenotype
- Plant Lectins/immunology
- Plant Lectins/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Thymus Gland/cytology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Christine D. Dijkstra
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chae Gyu Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Motoyasu Satou
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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50
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Lemos MP, Lama JR, Karuna ST, Fong Y, Montano SM, Ganoza C, Gottardo R, Sanchez J, McElrath MJ. The inner foreskin of healthy males at risk of HIV infection harbors epithelial CD4+ CCR5+ cells and has features of an inflamed epidermal barrier. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108954. [PMID: 25268493 PMCID: PMC4182607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Male circumcision provides partial protection against multiple sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. To examine potential vulnerabilities in foreskin epithelial structure, we used Wilcoxon paired tests adjusted using the false discovery rate method to compare inner and outer foreskin samples from 20 healthy, sexually active Peruvian males who have sex with males or transgender females, ages 21–29, at elevated risk of HIV infection. No evidence of epithelial microtrauma was identified, as assessed by keratinocyte activation, fibronectin deposition, or parakeratosis. However, multiple suprabasal tight junction differences were identified: 1) inner foreskin stratum corneum was thinner than outer (p = 0.035); 2) claudin 1 had extended membrane-bound localization throughout inner epidermis stratum spinosum (p = 0.035); 3) membrane-bound claudin 4 was absent from inner foreskin stratum granulosum (p = 0.035); and 4) occludin had increased membrane deposition in inner foreskin stratum granulosum (p = 0.042) versus outer. Together, this suggests subclinical inflammation and paracellular transport modifications to the inner foreskin. A setting of inflammation was further supported by inner foreskin epithelial explant cultures secreting higher levels of GM-CSF (p = 0.029), IP-10 (p = 0.035) and RANTES (p = 0.022) than outer foreskin, and also containing an increased density of CCR5+ and CD4+ CCR5+ cells (p = 0.022). Inner foreskin dermis also secreted more RANTES than outer (p = 0.036), and had increased density of CCR5+ cells (p = 0.022). In conclusion, subclinical changes to the inner foreskin of sexually active males may support an inflammatory state, with availability of target cells for HIV infection and modifications to epidermal barriers, potentially explaining the benefits of circumcision for STI prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P. Lemos
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Shelly T. Karuna
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Youyi Fong
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | | | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jorge Sanchez
- Asociación Civil Impacta Salud y Educación, Lima, Perú
| | - M. Juliana McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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