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Subramanian G, Ponnusamy V, Vasanthakumar K, Panneerselvan P, Krishnan V, Subramaniam S. The gustin gene variation at rs2274333 and PROP taster status affect dietary fat perception: a stepwise multiple regression model study. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 128:109619. [PMID: 38467201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Gustin, a trophic factor for taste bud development, and its polymorphism at rs2274333 influence taste perception of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) and fungiform papillae (FP) density. The PROP taster status affects dietary fat sensing and body composition. However, there is a paucity of research on the gustin genotype with dietary fat perception, PROP tasting ability, and body mass index (BMI). Thus, taste sensitivity to fat and bitterness was evaluated in 178 healthy individuals. The general labeled magnitude scale was used to determine suprathreshold taste intensity ratings, whereas the alternative forced choice approach was used to estimate the taste-sensing ability. The FP density was assessed by applying blue-colored food dye over the anterior region of the tongue. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the genetic polymorphism (rs2274333) in the carbonic anhydrase VI (CA-VI) gene. Fisher's chi-square analysis showed that the CA-VI genotype and allelic frequencies significantly correlated (p<0.001) with the PROP taster status and BMI. Healthy individuals with AA genotypes of the CA-VI polymorphism and PROP super-tasters demonstrated stronger gustatory sensitivity for linoleic acid (LA) with greater FP density in comparison to individuals with AG/GG genotypes and other PROP taster groups. Stepwise forward multiple regression analysis indicates that BMI and PROP taster status significantly influence the LA sensing ability. The suprathreshold intensity rating for LA was also significantly impacted by PROP taster status and CA-VI genotypes, with a variation of 73.3%. Overall, our findings show a relationship between the taste papillae environment and the CA-VI genetic mutation at rs2274333, which influenced the gustatory preference for dietary fat and bitter taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowtham Subramanian
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinithra Ponnusamy
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Keerthana Vasanthakumar
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabha Panneerselvan
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasanth Krishnan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvakumar Subramaniam
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Egan JM. Physiological Integration of Taste and Metabolism. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:1699-1710. [PMID: 38718360 DOI: 10.1056/nejmra2304578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine M Egan
- From the Diabetes Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore
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3
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Łukasiewicz-Śmietańska D, Godlewski D, Nowakowska E, Szpak A, Chabros E, Juszczyk G, Charzewska J, Rybaczyk-Pathak D. Association of the bitter taste genes TAS2R38 and CA6 and breast cancer risk; a case-control study of Polish women in Poland and Polish immigrants in USA. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300061. [PMID: 38687739 PMCID: PMC11060581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
It is known that the perception of bitterness is mediated by type 2 bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs). However, recent reports have suggested that the carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6) gene may also influence bitterness sensing. Genetic variants in these genes could influence dietary intake of brassica vegetables, whose increased consumption has been observed in the literature, though inconsistently, to decrease breast cancer (BC) risk. We hypothesized that the estimated odds ratios (ORs) for the association between BC and taster diplotype (PAV/PAV) and/or genotype A/A, will be in the direction of increased BC risk, potentially due to reduced consumption of brassica vegetables. Using a case-control study of BC in Polish women in Poland (210 cases and 262 controls) and Polish immigrant women to USA (78 cases and 170 controls) we evaluated the association of the taster diplotypes in TAS2R38 gene and genotypes in the CA6 gene and BC risk in these two populations individually and jointly. No significant increase in risk was observed for the TAS2R38 PAV/PAV diplotype (tasters) in each population individually or in the joint population. For the CA6 gene, in the joint population, we observed an increased BC risk for the combined G/A and G/G genotypes (non-tasters) vs A/A (tasters), OR = 1.41 (95% CI 1.04-1.90, p = 0.026) which after adjustment for False Discovery Rate (FDR), was not significant at p≤0.05 level. However, for the joint population and for the combined genotype of the two genes AVI/AVI+G* (non-tasters) vs. PAV/*+A/A (tasters), we observed a significant increase in BC risk, OR = 1.77 (95%CI 1.47-2.74, p = 0.01), for the non-tasters, which remained significant after FDR adjustment. In conclusion for the joint population and the joint effect for the two bitter sensing genes, we observed an increase in BC risk for the bitterness non-tasters, association which is in the opposite direction to our original hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Łukasiewicz-Śmietańska
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Value of Food, National Institute of Public Health NIH- National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Grzegorz Juszczyk
- National Institute of Public Health NIH- National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Charzewska
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Value of Food, National Institute of Public Health NIH- National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorothy Rybaczyk-Pathak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America
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Nolden AA, Behrens M, McGeary JE, Meyerhof W, Hayes JE. Differential Activation of TAS2R4 May Recover Ability to Taste Propylthiouracil for Some TAS2R38 AVI Homozygotes. Nutrients 2024; 16:1357. [PMID: 38732607 PMCID: PMC11085076 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bitterness from phenylthiocarbamide and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) varies with polymorphisms in the TAS2R38 gene. Three SNPs form two common (AVI, PAV) and four rare haplotypes (AAI, AAV, PVI, and PAI). AVI homozygotes exhibit higher detection thresholds and lower suprathreshold bitterness for PROP compared to PAV homozygotes and heterozygotes, and these differences may influence alcohol and vegetable intake. Within a diplotype, substantial variation in suprathreshold bitterness persists, and some AVI homozygotes report moderate bitterness at high concentrations. A second receptor encoded by a gene containing a functional polymorphism may explain this. Early work has suggested that PROP might activate TAS2R4 in vitro, but later work did not replicate this. Here, we identify three TAS2R4 SNPs that result in three diplotypes-SLN/SLN, FVS/SLN, and FVS/FVS-which make up 25.1%, 44.9%, and 23.9% of our sample. These TAS2R4 haplotypes show minimal linkage disequilibrium with TAS2R38, so we examined the suprathreshold bitterness as a function of both. The participants (n = 243) rated five PROP concentrations in duplicate, interleaved with other stimuli. As expected, the TAS2R38 haplotypes explained ~29% (p < 0.0001) of the variation in the bitterness ratings, with substantial variation within the haplotypes (AVI/AVI, PAV/AVI, and PAV/PAV). Notably, the TAS2R4 diplotypes (independent of the TAS2R38 haplotypes) explained ~7-8% of the variation in the bitterness ratings (p = 0.0001). Given this, we revisited if PROP could activate heterologously expressed TAS2R4 in HEK293T cells, and calcium imaging indicated 3 mM PROP is a weak TAS2R4 agonist. In sum, our data are consistent with the second receptor hypothesis and may explain the recovery of the PROP tasting phenotype in some AVI homozygotes; further, this finding may potentially help explain the conflicting results on the TAS2R38 diplotype and food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa A. Nolden
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
- Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Maik Behrens
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department Molecular Genetics, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (M.B.); (W.M.)
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - John E. McGeary
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services & Supports, VA Providence Healthcare, Providence, RI 02908, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Wolfgang Meyerhof
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department Molecular Genetics, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (M.B.); (W.M.)
- Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
| | - John E. Hayes
- Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Cheung MM, Hubert PA, Reed DR, Pouget ER, Jiang X, Hwang LD. Understanding the determinants of sweet taste liking in the African and East Asian ancestry groups in the U.S.-A study protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300071. [PMID: 38683826 PMCID: PMC11057733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liking for sweet taste is a powerful driver for consuming added sugars, and therefore, understanding how sweet liking is formed is a critical step in devising strategies to lower added sugars consumption. However, current research on the influence of genetic and environmental factors on sweet liking is mostly based on research conducted with individuals of European ancestry. Whether these results can be generalized to people of other ancestry groups warrants investigation. METHODS We will determine the differences in allele frequencies in sweet-related genetic variants and their effects on sweet liking in 426 adults of either African or East Asian ancestry, who have the highest and lowest average added sugars intake, respectively, among ancestry groups in the U.S. We will collect information on participants' sweet-liking phenotype, added sugars intake (sweetness exposure), anthropometric measures, place-of-birth, and for immigrants, duration of time living in the U.S. and age when immigrated. Ancestry-specific polygenic scores of sweet liking will be computed based on the effect sizes of the sweet-related genetic variants on the sweet-liking phenotype for each ancestry group. The predictive validity of the polygenic scores will be tested using individuals of African and East Asian ancestry from the UK Biobank. We will also compare sweet liking between U.S.-born individuals and immigrants within each ancestry group to test whether differences in environmental sweetness exposure during childhood affect sweet liking in adulthood. DISCUSSION Expanding genetic research on taste to individuals from ancestry groups traditionally underrepresented in such research is consistent with equity goals in sensory and nutrition science. Findings from this study will help in the development of a more personalized nutrition approach for diverse populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION This protocol has been preregistered with the Center for Open Science (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WPR9E).
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Affiliation(s)
- May M. Cheung
- City University of New York, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Patrice A. Hubert
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Danielle R. Reed
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Enrique R. Pouget
- City University of New York, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Xinyin Jiang
- City University of New York, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Liang-Dar Hwang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Melis M, Loi E, Mastinu M, Naciri LC, Zavattari P, Barbarossa IT. Gene Methylation Affects Salivary Levels of the Taste Buds' Trophic Factor, Gustin Protein. Nutrients 2024; 16:1304. [PMID: 38732551 PMCID: PMC11085126 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The salivary protein, Gustin/carbonic anhydrase VI, has been described as a trophic factor responsible for the growth of taste buds. We found, in a genetically homogeneous population, that the polymorphism rs2274333 (A/G) of the Gustin gene is crucial for the full functionality of the protein and is associated with taste sensitivity. However, other studies have failed to find this evidence. Here, we verified if Gustin gene methylation can affect the salivary levels of the protein, also concerning the polymorphism rs2274333 and PROP bitter responsiveness. The Gustin gene methylation profiling and the quantification of the Gustin salivary levels were determined in sixty-six volunteers genotyped for the polymorphism rs2274333 (A/G) (Ser90Gly in the protein sequence). The fungiform papillae density was also determined. The results confirm our earlier observations by showing that AA genotypes had a greater density of fungiform taste papillae, whereas the GG genotypes showed a lower density. We also found variations in the protein levels in the three genotype groups and an inverse relationship between Gustin gene methylation and the salivary levels of the protein, mostly evident in AA and ST volunteers, i.e., in volunteers who would be carriers of the functional isoform of the protein. These findings could justify the conflicting data in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.L.); (L.C.N.); (P.Z.); (I.T.B.)
| | - Eleonora Loi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.L.); (L.C.N.); (P.Z.); (I.T.B.)
| | - Mariano Mastinu
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Lala Chaimae Naciri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.L.); (L.C.N.); (P.Z.); (I.T.B.)
| | - Patrizia Zavattari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.L.); (L.C.N.); (P.Z.); (I.T.B.)
| | - Iole Tomassini Barbarossa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.L.); (L.C.N.); (P.Z.); (I.T.B.)
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Niimura Y, Biswa BB, Kishida T, Toyoda A, Fujiwara K, Ito M, Touhara K, Inoue-Murayama M, Jenkins SH, Adenyo C, Kayang BB, Koide T. Synchronized Expansion and Contraction of Olfactory, Vomeronasal, and Taste Receptor Gene Families in Hystricomorph Rodents. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae071. [PMID: 38649162 PMCID: PMC11035023 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical senses, including olfaction, pheromones, and taste, are crucial for the survival of most animals. There has long been a debate about whether different types of senses might influence each other. For instance, primates with a strong sense of vision are thought to have weakened olfactory abilities, although the oversimplified trade-off theory is now being questioned. It is uncertain whether such interactions between different chemical senses occur during evolution. To address this question, we examined four receptor gene families related to olfaction, pheromones, and taste: olfactory receptor (OR), vomeronasal receptor type 1 and type 2 (V1R and V2R), and bitter taste receptor (T2R) genes in Hystricomorpha, which is morphologically and ecologically the most diverse group of rodents. We also sequenced and assembled the genome of the grasscutter, Thryonomys swinderianus. By examining 16 available genome assemblies alongside the grasscutter genome, we identified orthologous gene groups among hystricomorph rodents for these gene families to separate the gene gain and loss events in each phylogenetic branch of the Hystricomorpha evolutionary tree. Our analysis revealed that the expansion or contraction of the four gene families occurred synchronously, indicating that when one chemical sense develops or deteriorates, the others follow suit. The results also showed that V1R/V2R genes underwent the fastest evolution, followed by OR genes, and T2R genes were the most evolutionarily stable. This variation likely reflects the difference in ligands of V1R/V2Rs, ORs, and T2Rs: species-specific pheromones, environment-based scents, and toxic substances common to many animals, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Niimura
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Bhim B Biswa
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takushi Kishida
- Curatorial Division, Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka, Japan
- Present address: College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Fujiwara
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Masato Ito
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Scott H Jenkins
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Present address: Biosphere Informatics Laboratory, Department of Social Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Christopher Adenyo
- Livestock and Poultry Research Centre, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Boniface B Kayang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Tsuyoshi Koide
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shizuoka, Japan
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Seong H, Song JW, Lee KH, Jang G, Shin DM, Shon WJ. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 regulates Western diet-induced male infertility. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159433. [PMID: 38007088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Western diet (WD), characterized by a high intake of fats and sugary drinks, is a risk factor for male reproductive impairment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Taste receptor type 1 member 3 (TAS1R3), activated by ligands of WD, is highly expressed in extra-oral tissues, particularly in the testes. Here, we investigated to determine the effects of WD intake on male reproduction and whether TAS1R3 mediates WD-induced impairment in male reproduction. Male C57BL/6 J wild-type (WT) and Tas1r3 knockout (KO) mice were fed either a normal diet and plain water (ND) or a 60 % high-fat-diet and 30 % (w/v) sucrose water (WD) for 18 weeks (n = 7-9/group). Long-term WD consumption significantly impaired sperm count, motility and testicular morphology in WT mice with marked Tas1r3 overexpression, whereas Tas1r3 KO mice were protected from WD-induced reproductive impairment. Testicular transcriptome analysis revealed downregulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and significantly elevated AMPK-targeted nuclear receptor 4A1 (Nr4a1) expression in WD-fed Tas1r3 KO mice. In vitro studies further validated that Tas1r3 knockdown in Leydig cells prevented the suppression of Nr4a1 and downstream steroidogenic genes (Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd3b1) caused by high glucose, fructose, and palmitic acid levels, and maintained the levels of testosterone. Additionally, we analyzed the public human dataset to assess the clinical implications of our findings and confirmed a significant association between TAS1R3 and male-infertility-related diseases. Our findings suggest that TAS1R3 regulates WD-induced male reproductive impairment via the AMPK/NR4A1 signaling and can be a novel therapeutic target for male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hobin Seong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Hee Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Jeong Shon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Pradhan RN, Shrestha B, Lee Y. Avoiding cantharidin through ionotropic receptors. J Hazard Mater 2024; 466:133497. [PMID: 38278077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The discernment and aversion of noxious gustatory stimuli profoundly influence homeostasis maintenance and survival of fauna. Cantharidin, a purported aphrodisiac, is a monoterpenoid compound secreted by many species of blister beetle, particularly by the Spanish fly, Lytta vesicatoria. Although the various advantageous functions of cantharidin have been described, its taste analysis and toxic properties in animalshave been rarely explored. Our study using Drosophila melanogaster examines the taste properties of cantharidin along with its potential hazardous effect in the internal organs of animals. Here, we find that cantharidin activates bitter taste receptors. Our findings show that specific ionotropic receptors (IR7g, IR51b, and IR94f) in labellar bitter-sensing neurons, along with co-receptors IR25a and IR76b, are responsible for detecting cantharidin. By introducing the IR7g and IR51b in sweet and bitter neurons, naturally expressing IR76b and IR25a, we show that these genes are sufficient for cantharidin perception. Moreover, we witness the deleterious ramifications of cantharidin on survival and visceral integrities, shedding light on its hazardous effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshani Nhuchhen Pradhan
- Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Bhanu Shrestha
- Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Koh AP, Smith MI, Dando R. Bitter taste function-related genes are implicated in the behavioral association between taste preference and ethanol preference in male mice. Physiol Behav 2024; 276:114473. [PMID: 38262572 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder in humans is highly heritable, and as a term is synonymous with alcoholism, alcohol dependence, and alcohol addiction. Defined by the NIAAA as a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences, the genetic basis of alcohol dependence is much studied. However, an intriguing component to alcohol acceptance exists outside of genetics or social factors. In fact, mice of identical genetic backgrounds without any prior experience of tasting ethanol display widely varying preferences to it, far beyond those seen for typical taste solutions. Here, we hypothesized that a preference for ethanol, which tastes both bitter and sweet to humans, would be influenced by taste function. Using a mouse model of taste behavior, we tested preferences for bitter and sweet in mice that, without training or previous experience, either preferred or avoided ethanol solutions in consumption trials. Data showed clear sex differences, in which male mice that preferred ethanol also preferred a bitter quinine solution, whereas female mice that preferred ethanol also preferred a sweet sucralose solution. Male mice preferring ethanol also exhibited lower expression levels of mRNA for genes encoding the bitter taste receptors T2R26 and T2R37, and the bitter transducing G-protein subunit GNAT3, suggesting that the higher ethanol preference observed in the male mice may be due to bitter signaling, including that arising from ethanol, being weaker in this group. Results further support links between ethanol consumption and taste response, and may be relevant to substance abuse issues in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Koh
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Molly I Smith
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Robin Dando
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
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11
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Meng T, Nielsen DE. TAS2R38 haplotypes, COVID-19 infection, and symptomatology: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4673. [PMID: 38409357 PMCID: PMC10897136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55428-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The TAS2R38 gene is well known for its function in bitter taste sensitivity, but evidence also suggests a role in innate immunity. TAS2R38 may be relevant in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but research findings are inconsistent. The objective of this study was to explore whether common TAS2R38 haplotypes are associated with COVID-19 infection and symptomatology in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). Data from the CLSA COVID-19 Questionnaire and Seroprevalence sub-studies were utilized with CLSA genetic data for common TAS2R38 haplotypes related to bitter taste sensitivity. Haplotypes were categorized into three diplotype groups: [P]AV homozygotes, [P]AV/[A]VI heterozygotes, and [A]VI homozygotes. No significant differences were observed between diplotypes and COVID-19 infection frequency. Among self-reported COVID-19 cases (n = 76), and in uncorrected exploratory analyses, heterozygotes were less likely to report experiencing sinus pain compared to [P]AV homozygotes. Among seroprevalence-confirmed cases (n = 177), [A]VI homozygotes were less likely to report experiencing a sore/scratchy throat compared to [P]AV homozygotes. However, both observations were non-significant upon correction for multiple testing. In this study, TAS2R38 haplotypes were not significantly associated with COVID-19 infection or symptomatology. Nevertheless, in light of some exploratory patterns and conflicting evidence, additional research is warranted to evaluate links between TAS2R38 and innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzhu Meng
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Rd., Room MS2-035, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Daiva E Nielsen
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Rd., Room MS2-035, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Lu P, Simas TAM, Delpapa E, ZhuGe R. Bitter taste receptors in the reproductive system: Function and therapeutic implications. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31179. [PMID: 38219077 PMCID: PMC10922893 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 taste receptors (TAS2Rs), traditionally known for their role in bitter taste perception, are present in diverse reproductive tissues of both sexes. This review explores our current understanding of TAS2R functions with a particular focus on reproductive health. In males, TAS2Rs are believed to play potential roles in processes such as sperm chemotaxis and male fertility. Genetic insights from mouse models and human polymorphism studies provide some evidence for their contribution to male infertility. In female reproduction, it is speculated that TAS2Rs influence the ovarian milieu, shaping the functions of granulosa and cumulus cells and their interactions with oocytes. In the uterus, TAS2Rs contribute to uterine relaxation and hold potential as therapeutic targets for preventing preterm birth. In the placenta, they are proposed to function as vigilant sentinels, responding to infection and potentially modulating mechanisms of fetal protection. In the cervix and vagina, their analogous functions to those in other extraoral tissues suggest a potential role in infection defense. In addition, TAS2Rs exhibit altered expression patterns that profoundly affect cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in reproductive cancers. Notably, TAS2R agonists show promise in inducing apoptosis and overcoming chemoresistance in these malignancies. Despite these advances, challenges remain, including a lack of genetic and functional studies. The application of techniques such as single-cell RNA sequencing and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated endonuclease 9 gene editing could provide deeper insights into TAS2Rs in reproduction, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies for reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological System, UMass Chan Medical School, 363 Plantation St., Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Tiffany A. Moore Simas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMass Chan Medical School/UMass Memorial Health, Memorial Campus 119 Belmont St., Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ellen Delpapa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMass Chan Medical School/UMass Memorial Health, Memorial Campus 119 Belmont St., Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ronghua ZhuGe
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological System, UMass Chan Medical School, 363 Plantation St., Worcester, MA, USA
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Guo J, Zhou X, Chen D, Chen K, Ye C, Liu J, Liu S, Chen Y, Chen G, Liu C. Effect of Fat Content on Rice Taste Quality through Transcriptome Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:81. [PMID: 38254970 PMCID: PMC10815682 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Rice is an important crop in the word, and fat is one of the main important nutrient components of rice. The lipid content and fatty acid composition of grains significantly influences the quality of rice. In this study, 94 homozygous recombination inbred lines (RILs) were developed and the crude fat content of them displayed a normal distribution ranging from 0.44% to 2.62%. Based on their taste quality, a positive association between fat content and eating quality was revealed. Then, two lines (FH and FL) were selected with similar agronomic characteristics and different lipid content and taste quality for RNA sequencing analysis, and a total of 619 differentiable expressed genes were detected, primarily enriched in metabolic pathways such as starch and sucrose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. The expression of two genes related to fatty acid synthesis and elongation was significantly up-regulated, while the expression of three genes related to fatty acid degradation was significantly down-regulated in FH grains. By using liquid chromatography, the relative levels of palmitic acid and oleic acid were discovered significantly higher in FH grains. Additionally, the comparative genomic analysis was conducted to visualize genomic differences of five genes. Ultimately, two genes (Os07g0417200 and Os12g0102100) were selected to be the key gene to affect the lipid metabolism, especially for the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, significantly changing the eating quality of rice. These results provide a theoretical basis for improving the taste quality of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinqiao Zhou
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dagang Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chanjuan Ye
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shaolong Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Youding Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guorong Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chuanguang Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.G.); (X.Z.); (G.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Nishihara H, Toda Y, Kuramoto T, Kamohara K, Goto A, Hoshino K, Okada S, Kuraku S, Okabe M, Ishimaru Y. A vertebrate-wide catalogue of T1R receptors reveals diversity in taste perception. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:111-120. [PMID: 38093021 PMCID: PMC10781636 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02258-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Taste is a vital chemical sense for feeding behaviour. In mammals, the umami and sweet taste receptors comprise three members of the taste receptor type 1 (T1R/TAS1R) family: T1R1, T1R2 and T1R3. Because their functional homologues exist in teleosts, only three TAS1R genes generated by gene duplication are believed to have been inherited from the common ancestor of bony vertebrates. Here, we report five previously uncharacterized TAS1R members in vertebrates, TAS1R4, TAS1R5, TAS1R6, TAS1R7 and TAS1R8, based on genome-wide survey of diverse taxa. We show that mammalian and teleost fish TAS1R2 and TAS1R3 genes are paralogues. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that the bony vertebrate ancestor had nine TAS1Rs resulting from multiple gene duplications. Some TAS1Rs were lost independently in descendent lineages resulting in retention of only three TAS1Rs in mammals and teleosts. Combining functional assays and expression analysis of non-teleost fishes we show that the novel T1Rs form heterodimers in taste-receptor cells and recognize a broad range of ligands such as essential amino acids, including branched-chain amino acids, which have not been previously considered as T1R ligands. This study reveals diversity of taste sensations in both modern vertebrates and their ancestors, which might have enabled vertebrates to adapt to diverse habitats on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Nishihara
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Yasuka Toda
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tae Kuramoto
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kota Kamohara
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Azusa Goto
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hoshino
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Kuraku
- Molecular Life History Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Japan
| | - Masataka Okabe
- Department of Anatomy, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ishimaru
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan.
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Ascencio Gutierrez V, Martin LE, Simental-Ramos A, James KF, Medler KF, Schier LA, Torregrossa AM. TRPM4 and PLCβ3 contribute to normal behavioral responses to an array of sweeteners and carbohydrates but PLCβ3 is not needed for taste-driven licking for glucose. Chem Senses 2024; 49:bjae001. [PMID: 38183495 PMCID: PMC10825839 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The peripheral taste system is more complex than previously thought. The novel taste-signaling proteins TRPM4 and PLCβ3 appear to function in normal taste responding as part of Type II taste cell signaling or as part of a broadly responsive (BR) taste cell that can respond to some or all classes of tastants. This work begins to disentangle the roles of intracellular components found in Type II taste cells (TRPM5, TRPM4, and IP3R3) or the BR taste cells (PLCβ3 and TRPM4) in driving behavioral responses to various saccharides and other sweeteners in brief-access taste tests. We found that TRPM4, TRPM5, TRPM4/5, and IP3R3 knockout (KO) mice show blunted or abolished responding to all stimuli compared with wild-type. IP3R3 KO mice did, however, lick more for glucose than fructose following extensive experience with the 2 sugars. PLCβ3 KO mice were largely unresponsive to all stimuli except they showed normal concentration-dependent responding to glucose. The results show that key intracellular signaling proteins associated with Type II and BR taste cells are mutually required for taste-driven responses to a wide range of sweet and carbohydrate stimuli, except glucose. This confirms and extends a previous finding demonstrating that Type II and BR cells are both necessary for taste-driven licking to sucrose. Glucose appears to engage unique intracellular taste-signaling mechanisms, which remain to be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura E Martin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Aracely Simental-Ramos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Kimberly F James
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States
| | - Kathryn F Medler
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Lindsey A Schier
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Ann-Marie Torregrossa
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States
- University at Buffalo Center for Ingestive Behavior Research, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States
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Meng T, Nielsen DE. An Investigation of TAS2R38 Haplotypes, Dietary Intake, and Risk Factors for Chronic Disease in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. J Nutr 2023; 153:3270-3279. [PMID: 37716607 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variation in common taste receptor type 2 member 38 (TAS2R38) haplotypes is associated with bitter-taste sensitivity, but associations with dietary intake and risk factors for chronic disease are inconsistent. OBJECTIVES To determine whether common TAS2R38 haplotypes are associated with dietary intake and risk factors for chronic disease using cross-sectional data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 26,090). Outcomes were assessed among the full sample and stratified by sex. METHODS Taster status was determined from TAS2R38 haplotypes, and the respondents were classified as supertasters, tasters, and nontasters. Primary outcome variables were the consumption frequencies of vegetables, sweet-tasting foods, alcoholic beverages, and visceral adiposity index (VAI). Secondary outcome variables were the individual VAI components. Multivariable regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were used to assess associations between the taster status and outcome variables. RESULTS Among the sample, 5655, 12,821, and 7614 respondents were classified as supertasters, tasters, and nontasters, respectively. Vegetable consumption was significantly higher among nontasters than among supertasters (1.23 ± 0.26 and 1.20 ± 0.22, respectively, P = 0.02). Among males, the consumption of sweet-tasting foods (0.40 ± 8.80 and 0.38 ± 7.55, P = 0.02) and green salad (0.35 ± 0.31 and 0.33 ± 0.27, P = 0.02) was also higher for nontasters than supertasters. Nontasters were more likely to be regular alcohol consumers compared with supertasters among the full sample (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.12 [1.03, 1.22]; P = 0.01) and among females (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.27; P = 0.04). No significant associations were observed between TAS2R38 haplotypes and VAI, although high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower among supertasters than nontasters (1.45 ± 0.59 and 1.47 ± 0.63, respectively; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Among middle- to older-aged adults, minor associations are observed between TAS2R38 haplotypes, dietary intake, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Genetic predisposition to bitter-taste sensitivity is linked to diet; however, further research is needed to understand the relevance for chronic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzhu Meng
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daiva E Nielsen
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.
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Ferraris C, Scarlett CJ, Veysey M, Lucock M, Bucher T, Beckett EL. Salt-Taste Polymorphism TRPV1-rs8065080 Is Associated with Increased Likelihood of Depression in an Elderly Cohort. Lifestyle Genom 2023; 16:224-236. [PMID: 37883944 DOI: 10.1159/000534521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the prevalence of depression and anxiety worldwide, their aetiologies remain unclear, and they can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Changes in salt-taste perception have been found in both conditions. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the salt-taste-related gene, TRPV1, have been associated with alterations to salt-taste perception, preference, and sodium consumption. Diet quality is a known modifier of depression and anxiety and recently, sodium intake has been studied in mental health. However, the relationships between salt-taste genetics, depression, anxiety, and these dietary factors are yet to be elucidated. METHODS Data from the well-characterized cross-sectional Retirement Health and Lifestyle Study (n = 536, ≥65 y) were used to explore the relationships between the salt-taste SNP TRPV1-rs8065080, levels of depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), estimated sodium intake, and diet quality in this secondary analysis. Standard least-squares regression and nominal logistic regression modelling were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively, with analyses stratified by sex. RESULTS Presence of the TRPV1-rs8065080 variant allele (C) was found to increase the likelihood of having depression (HADS) in the total population and in males. The associations remained significant after adjusting for sodium intake, three diet quality indices, and demographic variables, suggesting that TRPV1-rs8065080 genotype is driving the association with depression. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Future studies should explore extra-oral functions of the SNP and salt-taste receptors in the brain and the roles of neurotransmitters common to both depression and salt taste to improve the management of this increasingly prevalent and difficult-to-treat condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Ferraris
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, the University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher J Scarlett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, the University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martin Veysey
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hull-York Medical School, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - Mark Lucock
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, the University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tamara Bucher
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, the University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma L Beckett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, the University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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18
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Domont J, Thiblet M, Etienne A, Santos HAD, Cadalen T, Hance P, Gagneul D, Hilbert JL, Rambaud C. CRISPR/Cas9-Targeted Mutagenesis of CiGAS and CiGAO to Reduce Bitterness in Chicory ( Cichorium intybus L.). FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:201. [PMID: 37796686 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2809201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), a member of the Asteraceae family, is known for its numerous health benefits, including its prebiotic, digestive, antioxidant or anti-inflammatory effects. Used as a coffee substitute, chicory roots is also appreciated for its bitterness, which can prove to be a disadvantage for other uses in food. The bitterness of chicory is largely linked to the presence of sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) in the roots. METHODS In order to create less bitter industrial chicory varieties, CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to inhibit the first two genes of the STL biosynthetic pathway: germacrene A synthase (CiGAS), short form, and germacrene A oxidase (CiGAO). To determine the impact of these reductions on the perception of bitterness, a sensory analysis of 13 field-grown chicories genotypes, contrasting for their STL composition, allowed the construction of obtain a bitterness scale by correlating STL content with perceived bitterness. The edited chicories were positioned on this scale according to their STL content. RESULTS Biallelic mutations in two of the copies of CiGAS-short form or in the CiGAO gene led to a reduction in STL content of edited chicories and a reduction in bitterness, or even an absence of perception, was obtained for some mutants. CONCLUSIONS The use of the CRISPR/Cas9 tool as well as the choice of targets therefore makes it possible to modulate the bitterness of chicory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Domont
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - Margot Thiblet
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - Audrey Etienne
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - Harmony Alves Dos Santos
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - Thierry Cadalen
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - Philippe Hance
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - David Gagneul
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - Jean-Louis Hilbert
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
| | - Caroline Rambaud
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Institut CharlesViollette, Joint Laboratory CHIC41H, University of Lille-Florimond Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'ascq, France
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Mennella JA, Kan M, Lowenthal ED, Saraiva LR, Mainland JD, Himes BE, Pepino MY. Genetic Variation and Sensory Perception of a Pediatric Formulation of Ibuprofen: Can a Medicine Taste Too Good for Some? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13050. [PMID: 37685855 PMCID: PMC10487938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is wide variation in how individuals perceive the chemosensory attributes of liquid formulations of ibuprofen, encompassing both adults and children. To understand personal variation in the taste and chemesthesis properties of this medicine, and how to measure it, our first scientific strategy centered on utilizing trained adult panelists, due to the complex and time-consuming psychophysical tasks needed at this initial stage. We conducted a double-blind cohort study in which panelists underwent whole-genome-wide genotyping and psychophysically evaluated an over-the-counter pediatric medicine containing ibuprofen. Associations between sensory phenotypes and genetic variation near/within irritant and taste receptor genes were determined. Panelists who experienced the urge to cough or throat sensations found the medicine less palatable and sweet, and more irritating. Perceptions varied with genetic ancestry; panelists of African genetic ancestry had fewer chemesthetic sensations, rating the medicine sweeter, less irritating, and more palatable than did those of European genetic ancestry. We discovered a novel association between TRPA1 rs11988795 and tingling sensations, independent of ancestry. We also determined for the first time that just tasting the medicine allowed predictions of perceptions after swallowing, simplifying future psychophysical studies on diverse populations of different age groups needed to understand genetic, cultural-dietary, and epigenetic factors that influence individual perceptions of palatability and, in turn, adherence and the risk of accidental ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Mennella
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.R.S.); (J.D.M.)
| | - Mengyuan Kan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Elizabeth D. Lowenthal
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Luis R. Saraiva
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.R.S.); (J.D.M.)
- Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Joel D. Mainland
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.R.S.); (J.D.M.)
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Blanca E. Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - M. Yanina Pepino
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
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20
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Brown E, Worden K, Li Y, Masek P, Keene AC. Innate and Conditioned Taste Processing in Drosophila. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2023; 2023:pdb.top107864. [PMID: 36787965 PMCID: PMC10750968 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.top107864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral detection of tastants allows animals to detect the dietary value of food and its potential toxicity. Many tastants such as sugars and fats elicit reflexive appetitive responses, whereas other foods such as quinine induce aversion. The relative value of food can change in accordance with an animal's internal state and prior experience. Understanding the neural and genetic bases for the detection and response to tastants, as well as how these behaviors change with experience, is central to sensory neuroscience. The presentation of attractive tastants to the proboscis or legs of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster induces a robust and reflexive proboscis-extension response (PER). This quantifiable response can be used to study the receptors underlying taste detection, the neural circuits involved in sensory processing, and the musculature required for a simple feeding behavior. Furthermore, we have developed a memory assay pairing appetitive and bitter tastants, resulting in aversive taste conditioning, in which the PER response to attractive tastants is diminished. Unlike many memory assays, this assay does not require specialized equipment and can be readily implemented in teaching and research laboratories. Here, we introduce protocols for studying the PER feeding response and aversive taste memory in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Brown
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Kurtresha Worden
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, USA
| | - Pavel Masek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, USA
| | - Alex C Keene
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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21
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Aoki K, Mori K, Iijima S, Sakon M, Matsuura N, Kobayashi T, Takanashi M, Yoshimura T, Mori N, Katayama T. Association between Genetic Variation in the TAS2R38 Bitter Taste Receptor and Propylthiouracil Bitter Taste Thresholds among Adults Living in Japan Using the Modified 2AFC Procedure with the Quest Method. Nutrients 2023; 15:2415. [PMID: 37242298 PMCID: PMC10222862 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual taste sensitivity influences food preferences, nutritional control, and health, and differs greatly between individuals. The purpose of this study was to establish a method of measuring and quantifying an individual's taste sensitivity and to evaluate the relationship between taste variation and genetic polymorphisms in humans using agonist specificities of the bitter taste receptor gene, TAS2R38, with the bitter compound 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP). We precisely detected the threshold of PROP bitter perception by conducting the modified two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) procedure with the Bayesian staircase procedure of the QUEST method and examined genetic variation in TAS2R38 in a Japanese population. There were significant differences in PROP threshold between the three TAS2R38 genotype pairs for 79 subjects: PAV/PAV vs AVI/AVI, p < 0.001; PAV/AVI vs AVI/AVI, p < 0.001; and PAV/PAV vs PAV/AVI, p < 0.01. Our results quantified individual bitter perception as QUEST threshold values: the PROP bitter perception of individuals with the PAV/PAV or PAV/AVI genotypes was tens to fifty times more sensitive than that of an individual with the AVI/AVI genotype. Our analyses provide a basic model for the accurate estimation of taste thresholds using the modified 2AFC with the QUEST approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Aoki
- Department of Advanced Medical Treatment & Nutritional Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (N.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Kanetaka Mori
- Department of Advanced Medical Treatment & Nutritional Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (N.M.); (T.K.)
- Division of Math, Sciences, and Information Technology in Education, Osaka Kyoiku University, Kashiwara 582-8582, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shohei Iijima
- Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku 541-8567, Osaka, Japan; (S.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Masato Sakon
- Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku 541-8567, Osaka, Japan; (S.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Nariaki Matsuura
- Department of Advanced Medical Treatment & Nutritional Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (N.M.); (T.K.)
- Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku 541-8567, Osaka, Japan; (S.I.); (M.S.)
| | | | | | - Takeshi Yoshimura
- Department of Child Development and Molecular Brain Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Mori
- Department of Advanced Medical Treatment & Nutritional Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (N.M.); (T.K.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Fukude Nishi Hospital, Iwata 437-1216, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Taiichi Katayama
- Department of Advanced Medical Treatment & Nutritional Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (K.M.); (N.M.); (T.K.)
- Department of Child Development and Molecular Brain Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
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22
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Chisini L, Costa F, Horta B, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Demarco F, Correa M. Sweet Taste Receptor Gene and Caries Trajectory in the Life Course. J Dent Res 2023; 102:422-430. [PMID: 36609159 PMCID: PMC10041601 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221138569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate whether the trajectory of dental caries in the life course is associated with rs307355 (TAS1R3) and rs35874116 (TAS1R2) and if there is an epistatic association between rs307355 (TAS1R3) and rs35874116 (TAS1R2). A representative sample of all 5,914 births from the 1982 Pelotas birth cohort was prospectively investigated, and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMF-T) components were assessed at ages 15 (n = 888), 24 (n = 720), and 31 (n = 539) y. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify groups with similar trajectories of DMF-T components in the life course. Genetic material was collected, and rs307355 (TAS1R3) and rs35874116 (TAS1R2) were genotyped. Ethnicity was evaluated using ADMIXTURE. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction software was used to investigate epistatic interactions. Considering rs307355 (TAS1R3) in the additive effect, the genotype TT was associated with the high decayed trajectory group (odds ratio [OR] = 4.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-17.74) and the high missing trajectory group (OR = 3.35; 95% CI, 1.09-10.26). In the dominant effect, the genotype CT/TT was associated with the high decayed trajectory group (OR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.14-2.35). Allele T was associated with an increased odds of 64% (OR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.20-2.25) for the decayed component and 41% (OR = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.04-1.92) for the missing component. No associations were observed between rs307355 (TAS1R3) and the filled component. rs35874116 (TAS1R2) was not associated with DMF-T components. Positive epistatic interactions were observed involving rs307355 (TAS1R3) and rs35874116 (TAS1R2) with the decayed component (OR = 1.72; 95% CI, 1.04-2.84). Thus, rs307355 (TAS1R3) genotypes and alleles seem positively associated with the trajectory of decayed and missing components in the life course. Epistatic interaction between rs307355 and rs35874116 may increase the decayed caries trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.A. Chisini
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - F.D.S. Costa
- International Center for Equity in Health, Postgraduate Program of Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - B.L. Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - L. Tovo-Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - F.F. Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - M.B. Correa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
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23
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Gervis JE, Ma J, Chui KKH, McKeown NM, Levy D, Lichtenstein AH. Bitter- and Umami-Related Genes are Differentially Associated with Food Group Intakes: the Framingham Heart Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:483-492. [PMID: 36774228 PMCID: PMC10196583 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As suboptimal diet quality remains the leading modifiable contributor to chronic disease risk, it is important to better understand the individual-level drivers of food choices. Recently, a genetic component of food choices was proposed based on variants (SNPs) in genes related to taste perception (taste-related SNPs). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the cumulative contribution of taste-related SNPs for basic tastes (bitter, sweet, umami, salt, and sour), summarized as "polygenic taste scores," to food group intakes among adults. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses were performed on 6230 Framingham Heart Study participants (mean age ± SD: 50 ± 14 y; 54% female). Polygenic taste scores were derived for tastes with ≥2 related SNPs identified in prior genome-wide association studies, and food group intakes (servings per week [sev/wk]) were tabulated from food frequency questionnaires. Associations were determined via linear mixed-effects models, using false discovery rates and bootstrap resampling to determine statistical significance. RESULTS Thirty-three taste-related SNPs (9 bitter, 19 sweet, 2 umami, 2 sour, 1 salt) were identified and used to derive polygenic taste scores for bitter, sweet, umami, and sour. Per additional allele for higher bitter perception, whole grain intakes were lower by 0.17 (95% CI: -0.28, -0.06) sev/wk, and for higher umami perception, total and red/orange vegetable intakes were lower by 0.73 (95% CI: -1.12, -0.34) and 0.25 (95% CI: -0.40, -0.10) sev/wk, respectively. Subsequent analyses at the SNP level identified four novel SNP-diet associations-two bitter-related SNPs with whole grains (rs10960174 and rs6782149) and one umami-related SNP with total and red/orange vegetables (rs7691456)-which may have been driving the identified associations. CONCLUSIONS Taste-related genes for bitter and umami were differentially associated with food choices that may impact diet quality. Hence, a benefit could be derived from leveraging knowledge of taste-related genes when developing personalized risk reduction dietary guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Gervis
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jiantao Ma
- Nutritional Epidemiology and Data Science, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Kenneth K H Chui
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nicola M McKeown
- Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Boston University and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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24
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Yamaki M, Saito H, Mimori T, Suzuki Y, Nagasaki M, Suzuki K, Satoh-Kuriwada S, Shoji N, Isono K, Goto T, Shirakawa H, Komai M. Analysis of Genetic Polymorphism of Bitter Taste Receptor TAS2R38 and TAS2R46, and Its Relationship with Eating and Drinking Habits in Japanese ToMMo Subjects. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2023; 69:347-356. [PMID: 37940575 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.69.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Human type 2 taste receptor (TAS2R) genes encode bitter-taste receptors that are activated by various bitter ligands. It has been said that TAS2R38 may detect bitter substances and then suppress their intake by controlling gustatory or digestive responses. The major haplotypes of TAS2R38 involve three non-synonymous, closely-linked single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), leading to three amino acid substitutions (A49P, V262A and I296V) and resulting in a PAV or AVI allele. The allele frequency of AVI/PAV was 0.42/0.58 in this study. The genotype frequency distributions of TAS2R38 were 18.32%, 46.95% and 33.95% for AVI/AVI, AVI/PAV and PAV/PAV, respectively, and were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Five haplotype combinations of minor alleles were identified: AVI/AAV, AVI/AVV, AAI/PAV, AVI/PVV, AVI/AAI, with corresponding frequencies of 0.49%, 0.10%, 0.10%, 0.05%, 0.05%, respectively, in 2,047 Japanese Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (ToMMo) subjects (2KJPN). The 16 subjects with these minor alleles were excluded from the questionnaire analysis, which found no significant differences among the major TAS2R38 genotypes (AVI/AVI, AVI/PAV and PAV/PAV) in the intake frequency of cruciferous vegetables or in the frequency of drinking alcohol. This result differs from previous data using American and European subjects. This is the first study to analyze the relationship between TAS2R38 genotype and the eating and drinking habits of Japanese subjects. It was also shown that there were no relationships at all between the genetic polymorphism of TAS2R46 and the phenotypes such as clinical BMI, eating and drinking habits among the 3 genotypes of TAS2R46 (∗/∗, ∗/W, W/W) at position W250∗ (∗stop codon).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Yamaki
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Department of Food and Natural Product Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
- Department of Home Economics, Division of Health and Nutrition, Tohoku Seikatsu Bunka University
| | - Hiroki Saito
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Department of Food and Natural Product Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | | | - Yoichi Suzuki
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
| | - Masao Nagasaki
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | | | - Shizuko Satoh-Kuriwada
- Department of Disease Management Dentistry, Division of Comprehensive Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Noriaki Shoji
- Department of Disease Management Dentistry, Division of Dental Informatics and Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Kunio Isono
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Department of Food and Natural Product Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Tomoko Goto
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Department of Food and Natural Product Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
- Faculty of Human Life Science, Miyagi Gakuin Women's University
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Department of Food and Natural Product Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Michio Komai
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Department of Food and Natural Product Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
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25
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Kurshed AAM, Ádány R, Diószegi J. The Impact of Taste Preference-Related Gene Polymorphisms on Alcohol Consumption Behavior: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415989. [PMID: 36555636 PMCID: PMC9783388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy alcohol consumption is recognized as a leading contributory factor to mortality and disability. In addition to other factors, taste sensation also mediates alcohol intake. The orosensation provoked by alcoholic drinks may vary across individuals and may be responsible for differences in preference for alcoholic beverages. Thus, individual genetic variability of taste preference may have an impact on alcohol consumption practices. The present review aimed to explore the associations between different taste preference polymorphisms and alcohol consumption behavior. Based on the PRISMA statement, the three databases PubMed, Web of Science and ProQuest Central were searched to identify articles and the Q-Genie tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Among the 17 studies included in this review, 5 and 12 were of good and moderate quality, respectively. Most of the studies analyzed TAS2R38 (taste 2 receptor member 38) rs713598, rs1726866, rs10246939 polymorphisms. Due to the inconclusive findings on these variants and the very limited number of studies on other polymorphisms, additional extensive research is recommended to replicate the existing findings, to generate new knowledge to enhance our understanding of the complexity of alcohol consumption behavior and to aid the development of personalized recommendations on unhealthy alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abbas Mohammad Kurshed
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Kassai Street 26/B, H-4028 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Róza Ádány
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Kassai Street 26/B, H-4028 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kassai Street 26/B, H-4028 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Diószegi
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Kassai Street 26/B, H-4028 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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26
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Richter P, Sebald K, Fischer K, Behrens M, Schnieke A, Somoza V. Bitter Peptides YFYPEL, VAPFPEVF, and YQEPVLGPVRGPFPIIV, Released during Gastric Digestion of Casein, Stimulate Mechanisms of Gastric Acid Secretion via Bitter Taste Receptors TAS2R16 and TAS2R38. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:11591-11602. [PMID: 36054030 PMCID: PMC9501810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Eating satiating, protein-rich foods is one of the key aspects of modern diet, although a bitter off-taste often limits the application of some proteins and protein hydrolysates, especially in processed foods. Previous studies of our group demonstrated that bitter-tasting food constituents, such as caffeine, stimulate mechanisms of gastric acid secretion as a signal of gastric satiation and a key process of gastric protein digestion via activation of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs). Here, we tried to elucidate whether dietary non-bitter-tasting casein is intra-gastrically degraded into bitter peptides that stimulate mechanisms of gastric acid secretion in physiologically achievable concentrations. An in vitro model of gastric digestion was verified by casein-fed pigs, and the peptides resulting from gastric digestion were identified by liquid chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. The bitterness of five selected casein-derived peptides was validated by sensory analyses and by an in vitro screening approach based on human gastric parietal cells (HGT-1). For three of these peptides (YFYPEL, VAPFPEVF, and YQEPVLGPVRGPFPIIV), an upregulation of gene expression of TAS2R16 and TAS2R38 was observed. The functional involvement of these TAS2Rs was verified by siRNA knock-down (kd) experiments in HGT-1 cells. This resulted in a reduction of the mean proton secretion promoted by the peptides by up to 86.3 ± 9.9% for TAS2R16kd (p < 0.0001) cells and by up to 62.8 ± 7.0% for TAS2R38kd (p < 0.0001) cells compared with mock-transfected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Richter
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Lise-M eitner-Straße
34, 85354Freising, Germany
| | - Karin Sebald
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Lise-M eitner-Straße
34, 85354Freising, Germany
| | - Konrad Fischer
- Chair
of Livestock Biotechnology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, 85354Freising, Germany
| | - Maik Behrens
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Lise-M eitner-Straße
34, 85354Freising, Germany
| | - Angelika Schnieke
- Chair
of Livestock Biotechnology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, 85354Freising, Germany
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Leibniz
Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of
Munich, Lise-M eitner-Straße
34, 85354Freising, Germany
- Chair
of Nutritional Systems Biology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354Freising, Germany
- Department
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 (UZA II), 1090Wien, Austria
- . Phone +49-8161-71-2700
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27
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Carey RM, Kim T, Cohen NA, Lee RJ, Nead KT. Impact of sweet, umami, and bitter taste receptor (TAS1R and TAS2R) genomic and expression alterations in solid tumors on survival. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8937. [PMID: 35624283 PMCID: PMC9142493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12788-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Originally identified on the tongue for their chemosensory role, the receptors for sweet, umami, and bitter taste are expressed in some cancers where they regulate important cellular processes including apoptosis and proliferation. We examined DNA mutations (n = 5103), structural variation (n = 7545), and expression (n = 6224) of genes encoding sweet or umami receptors (TAS1Rs) and bitter receptors (TAS2Rs) in 45 solid tumors subtypes compared to corresponding normal tissue using The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype Tissue Expression Project databases. Expression of TAS1R and TAS2R genes differed between normal and cancer tissue, and nonsilent mutations occurred in many solid tumor taste receptor genes (~ 1-7%). Expression levels of certain TAS1Rs/TAS2Rs were associated with survival differences in 12 solid tumor subtypes. Increased TAS1R1 expression was associated with improved survival in lung adenocarcinoma (mean survival difference + 1185 days, p = 0.0191). Increased TAS2R14 expression was associated with worse survival in adrenocortical carcinoma (-1757 days, p < 0.001) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (-640 days, p = 0.0041), but improved survival in non-papillary bladder cancer (+ 343 days, p = 0.0436). Certain taste receptor genes may be associated with important oncologic pathways and could serve as biomarkers for disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Carey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 5th floor Ravdin Suite A, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - TaeBeom Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Noam A Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 5th floor Ravdin Suite A, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert J Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 5th floor Ravdin Suite A, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin T Nead
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Cecati M, Vignini A, Borroni F, Pugnaloni S, Alia S, Sabbatinelli J, Nicolai G, Taus M, Santarelli A, Fabri M, Mazzanti L, Emanuelli M. TAS1R3 and TAS2R38 Polymorphisms Affect Sweet Taste Perception: An Observational Study on Healthy and Obese Subjects. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091711. [PMID: 35565677 PMCID: PMC9101038 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The inter-individual differences in taste perception find a possible rationale in genetic variations. We verified whether the presence of four different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding for bitter (TAS2R38; 145G > C; 785T > C) and sweet (TAS1R3; −1572C > T; −1266C > T) taste receptors influenced the recognition of the basic tastes. Furthermore, we tested if the allelic distribution of such SNPs varied according to BMI and whether the associations between SNPs and taste recognition were influenced by the presence of overweight/obesity. Methods: DNA of 85 overweight/obese patients and 57 normal weight volunteers was used to investigate the SNPs. For the taste test, filter paper strips were applied. Each of the basic tastes (sweet, sour, salty, bitter) plus pure rapeseed oil, and water were tested. Results: Individuals carrying the AV/AV diplotype of the TAS2R38 gene (A49P G/G and V262 T/T) were less sensitive to sweet taste recognition. These alterations remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Moreover, a significant decrease in overall taste recognition associated with BMI and age was found. There was no significant difference in allelic distribution for the investigated polymorphisms between normal and overweight/obese patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that overall taste recognition depends on age and BMI. In the total population, the inter-individual ability to identify the sweet taste at different concentrations was related to the presence of at least one genetic variant for the bitter receptor gene but not to the BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Cecati
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Arianna Vignini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
- Research Center of Health Education and Health Promotion, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-071-2206058
| | - Francesca Borroni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Specialization in Clinical Nutrition, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Sofia Pugnaloni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Sonila Alia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Giulia Nicolai
- Dietology and Clinical Nutrition, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.N.); (M.T.)
| | - Marina Taus
- Dietology and Clinical Nutrition, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.N.); (M.T.)
| | - Andrea Santarelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Mara Fabri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Laura Mazzanti
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
- Fondazione Salesi, Ospedale G. Salesi, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Emanuelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.); (A.S.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Tomioka M, Jang MS, Iino Y. DAF-2c signaling promotes taste avoidance after starvation in Caenorhabditis elegans by controlling distinct phospholipase C isozymes. Commun Biol 2022; 5:30. [PMID: 35017611 PMCID: PMC8752840 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02956-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that DAF-2c, an axonal insulin receptor isoform in Caenorhabditis elegans, acts in the ASER gustatory neuron to regulate taste avoidance learning, a process in which worms learn to avoid salt concentrations experienced during starvation. Here, we show that secretion of INS-1, an insulin-like peptide, after starvation conditioning is sufficient to drive taste avoidance via DAF-2c signaling. Starvation conditioning enhances the salt-triggered activity of AIA neurons, the main sites of INS-1 release, which potentially promotes feedback signaling to ASER to maintain DAF-2c activity during taste avoidance. Genetic studies suggest that DAF-2c-Akt signaling promotes high-salt avoidance via a decrease in PLCβ activity. On the other hand, the DAF-2c pathway promotes low-salt avoidance via PLCε and putative Akt phosphorylation sites on PLCε are essential for taste avoidance. Our findings imply that animals disperse from the location at which they experience starvation by controlling distinct PLC isozymes via DAF-2c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Tomioka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Moon Sun Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Neuroscience Institute, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yuichi Iino
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Naciri LC, Mastinu M, Crnjar R, Tomassini Barbarossa I, Melis M. Automated Classification of 6-n-Propylthiouracil Taster Status with Machine Learning. Nutrients 2022; 14:252. [PMID: 35057433 PMCID: PMC8778915 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have used taste sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) to evaluate interindividual taste variability and its impact on food preferences, nutrition, and health. We used a supervised learning (SL) approach for the automatic identification of the PROP taster categories (super taster (ST); medium taster (MT); and non-taster (NT)) of 84 subjects (aged 18-40 years). Biological features determined from subjects were included for the training system. Results showed that SL enables the automatic identification of objective PROP taster status, with high precision (97%). The biological features were classified in order of importance in facilitating learning and as prediction factors. The ratings of perceived taste intensity for PROP paper disks (50 mM) and PROP solution (3.2 mM), along with fungiform papilla density, were the most important features, and high estimated values pushed toward ST prediction, while low values leaned toward NT prediction. Furthermore, TAS2R38 genotypes were significant features (AVI/AVI, PAV/PAV, and PAV/AVI to classify NTs, STs, and MTs, respectively). These results, in showing that the SL approach enables an automatic, immediate, scalable, and high-precision classification of PROP taster status, suggest that it may represent an objective and reliable tool in taste physiology studies, with applications ranging from basic science and medicine to food sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Iole Tomassini Barbarossa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (L.C.N.); (M.M.); (R.C.); (M.M.)
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31
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Nielsen MS, Ritz C, Chenchar A, Bredie WLP, Gillum MP, Sjödin A. Does FGF21 Mediate the Potential Decrease in Sweet Food Intake and Preference Following Bariatric Surgery? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113840. [PMID: 34836096 PMCID: PMC8624965 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver-derived hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has recently been linked to preference for sweet-tasting food. We hypothesized, that surgery-induced changes in FGF21 could mediate the reduction in sweet food intake and preference following bariatric surgery. Forty participants (35 females) with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) scheduled for roux-en-y gastric bypass (n = 30) or sleeve gastrectomy (n = 10) were included. Pre- and postprandial responses of intact plasma FGF21 as well as intake of sweet-tasting food assessed at a buffet meal test, the hedonic evaluation of sweet taste assessed using an apple juice with added sucrose and visual analog scales, and sweet taste sensitivity were assessed before and 6 months after bariatric surgery. In a cross-sectional analysis pre-surgery, pre- and postprandial intact FGF21 levels were negatively associated with the hedonic evaluation of a high-sucrose juice sample (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02). However, no changes in pre- (p = 0.24) or postprandial intact FGF21 levels were found 6 months after surgery (p = 0.11), and individual pre- to postoperative changes in pre- and postprandial intact FGF21 levels were not found to be associated with changes in intake of sweet foods, the hedonic evaluation of sweet taste or sweet taste sensitivity (all p ≥ 0.10). In conclusion, we were not able to show an effect of bariatric surgery on circulating FGF21, and individual postoperative changes in FGF21 were not found to mediate an effect of surgery on sweet food intake and preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette S. Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.S.N.); (A.C.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Christian Ritz
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Anne Chenchar
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.S.N.); (A.C.); (M.P.G.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Wender L. P. Bredie
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
| | - Matthew P. Gillum
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.S.N.); (A.C.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Anders Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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Dessì A, Bosco A, Pintus R, Picari G, Mazza S, Fanos V. Epigenetics and Modulations of Early Flavor Experiences: Can Metabolomics Contribute to Prevention during Weaning? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103351. [PMID: 34684350 PMCID: PMC8539480 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant increase in chronic non-communicable diseases has changed the global epidemiological landscape. Among these, obesity is the most relevant in the pediatric field. This has pushed the world of research towards a new paradigm: preventive and predictive medicine. Therefore, the window of extreme plasticity that characterizes the first stage of development cannot be underestimated. In this context, nutrition certainly plays a primary role, being one of the most important epigenetic modulators known to date. Weaning, therefore, has a crucial role that must be analyzed far beyond the simple achievement of nutritional needs. Furthermore, the taste experience and the family context are fundamental for future food choices and can no longer be underestimated. The use of metabolomics allows, through the recognition of early disease markers and food-specific metabolites, the planning of an individualized and precise diet. In addition, the possibility of identifying particular groups of subjects at risk and the careful monitoring of adherence to dietary therapy may represent the basis for this change.
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Abstract
A major challenge to the papaya industry is inconsistency in fruit quality and, in particular, flavour, which is a complex trait that comprises taste perception in the mouth (sweetness, acidity, or bitterness) and aroma produced by several volatile compounds. Current commercial varieties vary greatly in their taste, likely due to historical prioritised selection for fruit appearance as well as large environmental effects. Therefore, it is important to better understand the genetic and biochemical mechanisms and biosynthesis pathways underpinning preferable flavour in order to select and breed for better tasting new commercial papaya varieties. As an initial step, objectively measurable standards of the compound profiles that provide papaya's taste and aroma, together with 'mouth feel', are required. This review presents an overview of the approaches to characterise the flavour profiles of papaya through sugar component determination, volatile compound detection, sensory panel testing, as well as genomics-based studies to identify the papaya flavour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Ford
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; (Z.Z.); (I.B.); (C.K.)
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Di Bona D, Malovini A, Accardi G, Aiello A, Candore G, Ferrario A, Ligotti ME, Maciag A, Puca AA, Caruso C. Taste receptor polymorphisms and longevity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2369-2377. [PMID: 33170488 PMCID: PMC8429150 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Bitter taste receptors (TAS2R) are involved in a variety of non-tasting physiological processes, including immune-inflammatory ones. Therefore, their genetic variations might influence various traits. In particular, in different populations of South Italy (Calabria, Cilento, and Sardinia), polymorphisms of TAS2R16 and TAS238 have been analysed in association with longevity with inconsistent results. A meta-analytic approach to quantitatively synthesize the possible effect of the previous variants and, possibly, to reconcile the inconsistencies has been used in the present paper. TAS2R38 variants in the Cilento population were also analysed for their possible association with longevity and the obtained data have been included in the relative meta-analysis. In population from Cilento no association was found between TAS2R38 and longevity, and no association was observed as well, performing the meta-analysis with data of the other studies. Concerning TAS2R16 gene, instead, the genotype associated with longevity in the Calabria population maintained its significance in the meta-analysis with data from Cilento population, that, alone, were not significant in the previously published study. In conclusion, our results suggest that TAS2R16 genotype variant is associated with longevity in South Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Di Bona
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari-Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Malovini
- Laboratory of Informatics and Systems Engineering for Clinical Research, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tuköry, 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tuköry, 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tuköry, 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Ferrario
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia E Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tuköry, 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Maciag
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Annibale A Puca
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, Corso Tuköry, 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah K. Whiteman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Julianne N. Peláez
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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Aryal B, Lee Y. Histamine gustatory aversion in Drosophila melanogaster. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 134:103586. [PMID: 33992752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many foods and drinks contain histamine; however, the mechanisms that drive histamine taste perception have not yet been investigated. Here, we use a simple model organism, Drosophila melanogaster, to dissect the molecular sensors required to taste histamine. We first investigated histidine and histamine taste perception by performing a binary food choice assay and electrophysiology to identify essential sensilla for histamine sensing in the labellum. Histamine was found to activate S-type sensilla, which harbor bitter-sensing gustatory receptor neurons. Moreover, unbiased genetic screening for chemoreceptors revealed that a gustatory receptor, GR22e and an ionotropic receptor, IR76b are required for histamine sensing. Ectopic expression of GR22e was sufficient to induce a response in I-type sensilla, which normally do not respond to histamine. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms by which insects discriminate between the toxic histamine and beneficial histidine via their taste receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Aryal
- Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program for Bio-Health Convergence, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu Z, Mei J, Sun S, Lu S, Li M, Guan Y, Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhang T, Shi F, Li X, Miao M, Zhao S, Gao Q, Mi Q, Tang P, Yao J. Nutrigenomics reveals potential genetic underpinning of diverse taste preference of Chinese men. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:689-699. [PMID: 33843022 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taste preference varies geographically in China. However, studies on Chinese people's taste preference in different regions of China are limited, and are lack of research on the mechanism of differences in taste preference, especially in genetics. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the characteristics of taste preference of Chinese men, and estimate whether diverse taste preference in Chinese have genetic underpinning. METHODS We conducted a questionnaire survey on taste preferences on 1076 males from 10 regions of China, and collected another 1427 males from the same regions which genotyped by microarray. We compared the correlation between different taste preference, and evaluated the correlation between the mutation frequency of inhouse database and different taste preference. The putative taste-preference-related genes were further utilized to estimate the candidate relationship on gene and gene network in different taste preference. RESULTS There was a correlation between different taste preferences in Chinese men. We found 31 SNPs associated with 6 kind of taste preferences. These SNPs located within or nearby 36 genes, and the tastes associated with 4 of these genes (TRPV1, AGT, ASIC2 and GLP1R) are consistent with the previous studies. Moreover, in different tastes which were suggested to be associated with each other, some putative related genes were the same or in the same gene network, such as pathways related with blood pressure, response to stimulus and nervous system. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the diverse taste preference of Chinese men may have genetic underpinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouhai Zhu
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Junpu Mei
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Silong Sun
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Sheming Lu
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuqiong Xu
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengxue Shi
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Mingming Miao
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Shancen Zhao
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Qili Mi
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Ping Tang
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianhua Yao
- Department of Tobacco and Health, Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, 41 Keyi Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China.
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) have been implicated in sinonasal innate immunity, and genetic variation conferred by allelic variants in T2R genes is associated with variation in upper respiratory tract pathogen susceptibility, symptoms, and outcomes. Bitter taste receptor phenotype appears to be associated with the clinical course and symptom duration of SARS-CoV-2 infection. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between T2R phenotype and patient clinical course after infection with SARS-CoV-2. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective cohort study was performed from July 1 through September 30, 2020, at a tertiary outpatient clinical practice and inpatient hospital in the United States among 1935 participants (patients and health care workers) with occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2. EXPOSURE Exposure to SARS-CoV-2. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Participants underwent T2R38 phenotype taste testing to determine whether they were supertasters (those who experienced greater intensity of bitter tastes), tasters, or nontasters (those who experienced low intensity of bitter tastes or no bitter tastes) and underwent evaluation for lack of infection with SARS-CoV-2 via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and IgM and IgG testing. A group of participants was randomly selected for genotype analysis to correlate phenotype. Participants were followed up until confirmation of infection with SARS-CoV-2 via PCR testing. Phenotype of T2R38 was retested after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The results were compared with clinical course. RESULTS A total of 1935 individuals (1101 women [56.9%]; mean [SD] age, 45.5 [13.9] years) participated in the study. Results of phenotype taste testing showed that 508 (26.3%) were supertasters, 917 (47.4%) were tasters, and 510 (26.4%) were nontasters. A total of 266 participants (13.7%) had positive PCR test results for SARS-CoV-2. Of these, 55 (20.7%) required hospitalization. Symptom duration among patients with positive results ranged from 0 to 48 days. Nontasters were significantly more likely than tasters and supertasters to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 (odds ratio, 10.1 [95% CI, 5.8-17.8]; P < .001), to be hospitalized once infected (odds ratio, 3.9 [1.5-10.2]; P = .006), and to be symptomatic for a longer duration (mean [SE] duration, 23.7 [0.5] days vs 13.5 [0.4] days vs 5.0 [0.6] days; P < .001). A total of 47 of 55 patients (85.5%) with COVID-19 who required inpatient admission were nontasters. Conversely, 15 of 266 patients (5.6%) with positive PCR test results were supertasters. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cohort study suggests that T2R38 receptor allelic variants were associated with participants' innate immune response toward SARS-CoV-2. The T2R phenotype was associated with patients' clinical course after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nontasters were more likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 than the other 2 groups, suggesting enhanced innate immune protection against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry P. Barham
- Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Baton Rouge General Medical Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Sinus and Nasal Specialists of Louisiana, Baton Rouge
| | - Mohamed A. Taha
- Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Baton Rouge General Medical Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Megan M. Stevenson
- Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Baton Rouge General Medical Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Sinus and Nasal Specialists of Louisiana, Baton Rouge
| | - Brittany A. Zito
- Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Baton Rouge General Medical Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Sinus and Nasal Specialists of Louisiana, Baton Rouge
| | - Christian A. Hall
- Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Baton Rouge General Medical Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Sinus and Nasal Specialists of Louisiana, Baton Rouge
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Ojha A, Zhang W. Characterization of gustatory receptor 7 in the brown planthopper reveals functional versatility. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 132:103567. [PMID: 33741431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Insect pests consume tastants as their necessary energy and nutrient sources. Gustatory receptors play important roles in insect life and can form within an extremely complicated regulatory network. However, there are still many gustatory genes that have a significant impact on insect physiology, but their functional mechanism is still unknown. Here, we purified and characterized a gustatory receptor (protein) coding gene, NlGr7, from the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens, which is an important insect pest of rice. Our results revealed that NlGr7 has an active association with various ligands, such as lectins, lipids (phospho- and sphingolipid) and copper. The mass-spectrometry result showed that NlGr7 is a sugar receptor, and NlGr7 is validated by different types of insoluble polysaccharides and a varied range of tastants. Further, we observed that NlGr7-bound ATP hydrolysed on the ATPase activity assay, which indicated that NlGr7 may be associated with important biological functions in the BPH. Furthermore, an injection of NlGr7 (protein), into newly emerged female adults of BPH, showed the reduced vitellogenin in ovary. The important NlGr7 for chemoreception has now been characterized in the BPH. We showed that NlGr7 in the BPH is required for various protein-ligands, as well as protein-sugars interactions, and for regulation of fecundity marker to play crucial roles in this pest. This study will provide valuable information for further functional studies of chemoreception mechanisms in this important agricultural pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Ojha
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China.
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Choi JH. TAS1R2 sweet taste receptor genetic variation and dietary intake in Korean females. Appetite 2021; 164:105281. [PMID: 33930495 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Taste receptor type 1, member 2 (TAS1R2) controls the oral sensing of sweetness. Genetic variations in TAS1R2 have been shown to be associated with differential sweetness intensity and varying carbohydrate intake levels among individuals. This study examined whether rs7534618 A > C in TAS1R2 is associated with dietary behavior and energy nutrient intake in Korean females. A cross-sectional design utilizing data from the Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study, which was a nationwide epidemiological research project in Korea, was applied in this study. In total, 2198 females were analyzed to evaluate the differences in macronutrient intake levels and intake of carbohydrate-rich and sweet-tasting foods between the rs7534618 genotypes. The findings suggest that individuals with the CC minor genotype tended to have lower carbohydrate but higher fat intake than subjects with the A* genotype (p = 0.035 and p = 0.042, respectively). Subjects with the CC genotype also exhibited less intake of total grains but greater intake of bread than those with the A* genotype (p = 0.017 and p = 0.006, respectively). However, these observed associations were statistically modest (false discovery rate adjusted p > 0.05). In conclusion, TAS1R2 rs7534618 is not a decisive genetic modifier of nutrition and dietary intake in Korean females. However, given the paucity of studies, these putative associations between the TAS1R variation and dietary intake may be referred for further sensory genetic studies in Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwa Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.
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Farinella R, Erbi I, Bedini A, Donato S, Gentiluomo M, Angelucci C, Lupetti A, Cuttano A, Moscuzza F, Tuoni C, Rizzato C, Ciantelli M, Campa D. Polymorphic variants in Sweet and Umami taste receptor genes and birthweight. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4971. [PMID: 33654187 PMCID: PMC7925569 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The first thousand days of life from conception have a significant impact on the health status with short, and long-term effects. Among several anthropometric and maternal lifestyle parameters birth weight plays a crucial role on the growth and neurological development of infants. Recent genome wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated a robust foetal and maternal genetic background of birth weight, however only a small proportion of the genetic hereditability has been already identified. Considering the extensive number of phenotypes on which they are involved, we focused on identifying the possible effect of genetic variants belonging to taste receptor genes and birthweight. In the human genome there are two taste receptors family the bitter receptors (TAS2Rs) and the sweet and umami receptors (TAS1Rs). In particular sweet perception is due to a heterodimeric receptor encoded by the TAS1R2 and the TAS1R3 gene, while the umami taste receptor is encoded by the TAS1R1 and the TAS1R3 genes. We observed that carriers of the T allele of the TAS1R1-rs4908932 SNPs showed an increase in birthweight compared to GG homozygotes Coeff: 87.40 (35.13-139.68) p-value = 0.001. The association remained significant after correction for multiple testing. TAS1R1-rs4908932 is a potentially functional SNP and is in linkage disequilibrium with another polymorphism that has been associated with BMI in adults showing the importance of this variant from the early stages of conception through all the adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilaria Erbi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alice Bedini
- Division of Neonatology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Donato
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Angelucci
- Division of Neonatology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Lupetti
- Department of Translation Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Armando Cuttano
- Division of Neonatology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Moscuzza
- Division of Neonatology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Tuoni
- Division of Neonatology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cosmeri Rizzato
- Department of Translation Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Campa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Bally ISE, Bombarely A, Chambers AH, Cohen Y, Dillon NL, Innes DJ, Islas-Osuna MA, Kuhn DN, Mueller LA, Ophir R, Rambani A, Sherman A, Yan H. The 'Tommy Atkins' mango genome reveals candidate genes for fruit quality. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:108. [PMID: 33618672 PMCID: PMC7898432 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mango, Mangifera indica L., an important tropical fruit crop, is grown for its sweet and aromatic fruits. Past improvement of this species has predominantly relied on chance seedlings derived from over 1000 cultivars in the Indian sub-continent with a large variation for fruit size, yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, and fruit quality among other traits. Historically, mango has been an orphan crop with very limited molecular information. Only recently have molecular and genomics-based analyses enabled the creation of linkage maps, transcriptomes, and diversity analysis of large collections. Additionally, the combined analysis of genomic and phenotypic information is poised to improve mango breeding efficiency. RESULTS This study sequenced, de novo assembled, analyzed, and annotated the genome of the monoembryonic mango cultivar 'Tommy Atkins'. The draft genome sequence was generated using NRGene de-novo Magic on high molecular weight DNA of 'Tommy Atkins', supplemented by 10X Genomics long read sequencing to improve the initial assembly. A hybrid population between 'Tommy Atkins' x 'Kensington Pride' was used to generate phased haplotype chromosomes and a highly resolved phased SNP map. The final 'Tommy Atkins' genome assembly was a consensus sequence that included 20 pseudomolecules representing the 20 chromosomes of mango and included ~ 86% of the ~ 439 Mb haploid mango genome. Skim sequencing identified ~ 3.3 M SNPs using the 'Tommy Atkins' x 'Kensington Pride' mapping population. Repeat masking identified 26,616 genes with a median length of 3348 bp. A whole genome duplication analysis revealed an ancestral 65 MYA polyploidization event shared with Anacardium occidentale. Two regions, one on LG4 and one on LG7 containing 28 candidate genes, were associated with the commercially important fruit size characteristic in the mapping population. CONCLUSIONS The availability of the complete 'Tommy Atkins' mango genome will aid global initiatives to study mango genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S E Bally
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Horticulture and Forestry Science, 28 Peters St, Mareeba, QLD, 4880, Australia
| | - Aureliano Bombarely
- Department of Bioscience, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- School of Plants and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Ag Quad Lane, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Alan H Chambers
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, 18905 SW 280th St, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA.
| | - Yuval Cohen
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Volcani Research Center, Derech Hamacabim 68, P.O. Box 15159, 7528809, Rishon Le'Zion, Israel
| | - Natalie L Dillon
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Horticulture and Forestry Science, 28 Peters St, Mareeba, QLD, 4880, Australia
| | - David J Innes
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Horticulture and Forestry Science, EcoSciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Rd, Dutton Park, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - María A Islas-Osuna
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, Col. La Victoria, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - David N Kuhn
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, USDA-ARS, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Coral Gables, FL, 33158, USA
| | - Lukas A Mueller
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Ron Ophir
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Volcani Research Center, Derech Hamacabim 68, P.O. Box 15159, 7528809, Rishon Le'Zion, Israel
| | - Aditi Rambani
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Amir Sherman
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Volcani Research Center, Derech Hamacabim 68, P.O. Box 15159, 7528809, Rishon Le'Zion, Israel
| | - Haidong Yan
- School of Plants and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Ag Quad Lane, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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Turner A, Veysey M, Keely S, Scarlett CJ, Lucock M, Beckett EL. Genetic Variation in the Bitter Receptors Responsible for Epicatechin Detection Are Associated with BMI in an Elderly Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020571. [PMID: 33572225 PMCID: PMC7914776 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, more than one-third of adults are overweight. Overweight and obesity are complex and multifaceted conditions, associated with an increased risk of chronic illness and early mortality. While there are known risk factors, these alone do not fully explain the varying outcomes between individuals. Recently, taste receptors have been proposed to have a role in the risk for obesity. These receptors are expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract. In this system, they may be involved in modulating dietary intake and metabolic processes. The taste 2 family of receptors (T2Rs) detects bitter compounds. Receptors T2R4 and T2R5 detect (-)-epicatechin (epicatechin), an antioxidant polyphenol, which may have protective effects against obesity. However, the potential role for taste receptors in this association has not been explored. This study assessed whether polymorphisms in TAS2R4 (rs2233998 and rs2234001) and TAS2R5 (rs2227264) were associated with body mass index (BMI). Genotyping (Taqman qPCR assays) was performed on DNA extracted from blood samples (n = 563) from an elderly cohort. Homozygosity for the minor allele of all polymorphisms was significantly associated with a lower BMI in males. The TAS2R4-rs2233998 CC genotype, the TAS2R4-rs2234001 CC genotype and the TAS2R5-rs2227264 TT genotype were associated with lower BMI (2.1, 2.1 and 2.2 units; p = 0.002, 0.003 and 0.001, respectively). Epicatechin intake was not associated with BMI and genotype was not associated with epicatechin intake. This suggests that the association between TAS2R genotype and elevated BMI risk occurs through altered extra-oral responses and not directly via altered epicatechin intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Turner
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, Australia; (C.J.S.); (M.L.); (E.L.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(02)-4348-4158
| | - Martin Veysey
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, Australia;
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, Australia;
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights 2305, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Scarlett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, Australia; (C.J.S.); (M.L.); (E.L.B.)
| | - Mark Lucock
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, Australia; (C.J.S.); (M.L.); (E.L.B.)
| | - Emma L. Beckett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah 2258, Australia; (C.J.S.); (M.L.); (E.L.B.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights 2305, Australia
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Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) aroma is determined by the interaction of volatile compounds (VOCs) released by the tomato fruits with receptors in the nose, leading to a sensorial impression, such as "sweet", "smoky", or "fruity" aroma. Of the more than 400 VOCs released by tomato fruits, 21 have been reported as main contributors to the perceived tomato aroma. These VOCs can be grouped in five clusters, according to their biosynthetic origins. In the last decades, a vast array of scientific studies has investigated the genetic component of tomato aroma in modern tomato cultivars and their relatives. In this paper we aim to collect, compare, integrate and summarize the available literature on flavour-related QTLs in tomato. Three hundred and 5ifty nine (359) QTLs associated with tomato fruit VOCs were physically mapped on the genome and investigated for the presence of potential candidate genes. This review makes it possible to (i) pinpoint potential donors described in literature for specific traits, (ii) highlight important QTL regions by combining information from different populations, and (iii) pinpoint potential candidate genes. This overview aims to be a valuable resource for researchers aiming to elucidate the genetics underlying tomato flavour and for breeders who aim to improve tomato aroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Martina
- DISAFA, Plant Genetics and Breeding, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy;
| | - Yury Tikunov
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Ezio Portis
- DISAFA, Plant Genetics and Breeding, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy;
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (A.G.B.); Tel.: +39-011-6708807 (E.P.); +31-317-480762 (A.G.B.)
| | - Arnaud G. Bovy
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (A.G.B.); Tel.: +39-011-6708807 (E.P.); +31-317-480762 (A.G.B.)
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Jensterle M, Rizzo M, Janez A. Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 and Taste Perception: From Molecular Mechanisms to Potential Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020902. [PMID: 33477478 PMCID: PMC7830704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies provided some important insights into the action of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in taste perception. This review examines the literature to uncover some molecular mechanisms and connections between GLP-1 and the gustatory coding. Local GLP-1 production in the taste bud cells, the expression of GLP-1 receptor on the adjacent nerves, a functional continuum in the perception of sweet chemicals from the gut to the tongue and an identification of GLP-1 induced signaling pathways in peripheral and central gustatory coding all strongly suggest that GLP-1 is involved in the taste perception, especially sweet. However, the impact of GLP-1 based therapies on gustatory coding in humans remains largely unaddressed. Based on the molecular background we encourage further exploration of the tongue as a new treatment target for GLP-1 receptor agonists in clinical studies. Given that pharmacological manipulation of gustatory coding may represent a new potential strategy against obesity and diabetes, the topic is of utmost clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Jensterle
- Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrej Janez
- Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-522-3114; Fax: +386-1-522-9359
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Melis M, Pintus S, Mastinu M, Fantola G, Moroni R, Pepino MY, Tomassini Barbarossa I. Changes of Taste, Smell and Eating Behavior in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Associations with PROP Phenotypes and Polymorphisms in the Odorant-Binding Protein OBPIIa and CD36 Receptor Genes. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010250. [PMID: 33467165 PMCID: PMC7830302 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is the most effective long-term treatment for severe obesity and related comorbidities. Although patients who underwent bariatric surgery report changes of taste and smell perception, results from sensory studies are discrepant and limited. Here, we assessed taste and smell functions in 51 patients before, one month, and six months after undergoing bariatric surgery. We used taste strip tests to assess gustatory function (including sweetness, saltiness, sourness, umaminess, bitterness and oleic acid, a fatty stimulus), the “Sniffin’ Sticks” test to assess olfactory identification and the 3-Factor Eating Questionnaire to assess eating behavior. We also explored associations between these phenotypes and flavor-related genes. Results showed an overall improvement in taste function (including increased sensitivity to oleic acid and the bitterness of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP)) and in olfactory function (which could be related to the increase in PROP and oleic acid sensitivity), an increase in cognitive restraint, and a decrease in disinhibition and hunger after bariatric surgery. These findings indicate that bariatric surgery can have a positive impact on olfactory and gustatory functions and eating behavior (with an important role of genetic factors, such PROP tasting), which in turn might contribute to the success of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.M.); (I.T.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-070-675-4142
| | - Stefano Pintus
- Obesity Surgical Unit ARNAS G. Brotzu, 09121 Cagliari, Italy; (S.P.); (G.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Mariano Mastinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.M.); (I.T.B.)
| | - Giovanni Fantola
- Obesity Surgical Unit ARNAS G. Brotzu, 09121 Cagliari, Italy; (S.P.); (G.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Moroni
- Obesity Surgical Unit ARNAS G. Brotzu, 09121 Cagliari, Italy; (S.P.); (G.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Marta Yanina Pepino
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Iole Tomassini Barbarossa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.M.); (I.T.B.)
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Ferreira EA, Lambert S, Verrier T, Marion-Poll F, Yassin A. Soft Selective Sweep on Chemosensory Genes Correlates with Ancestral Preference for Toxic Noni in a Specialist Drosophila Population. Genes (Basel) 2020; 12:genes12010032. [PMID: 33383708 PMCID: PMC7824377 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how organisms adapt to environmental changes is a major question in evolution and ecology. In particular, the role of ancestral variation in rapid adaptation remains unclear because its trace on genetic variation, known as soft selective sweep, is often hardly recognizable from genome-wide selection scans. Here, we investigate the evolution of chemosensory genes in Drosophila yakuba mayottensis, a specialist subspecies on toxic noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruits on the island of Mayotte. We combine population genomics analyses and behavioral assays to evaluate the level of divergence in chemosensory genes and perception of noni chemicals between specialist and generalist subspecies of D. yakuba. We identify a signal of soft selective sweep on a handful of genes, with the most diverging ones involving a cluster of gustatory receptors expressed in bitter-sensing neurons. Our results highlight the potential role of ancestral genetic variation in promoting host plant specialization in herbivorous insects and identify a number of candidate genes underlying behavioral adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina A. Ferreira
- Laboratoire Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, CNRS, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (E.A.F.); (F.M.-P.)
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, EPHE 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France; (S.L.); (T.V.)
| | - Sophia Lambert
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, EPHE 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France; (S.L.); (T.V.)
| | - Thibault Verrier
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, EPHE 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France; (S.L.); (T.V.)
| | - Frédéric Marion-Poll
- Laboratoire Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, CNRS, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (E.A.F.); (F.M.-P.)
- AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Amir Yassin
- Laboratoire Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, CNRS, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (E.A.F.); (F.M.-P.)
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, EPHE 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France; (S.L.); (T.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Bawajeeh AO, Albar SA, Zhang H, Zulyniak MA, Evans CEL, Cade JE. Impact of Taste on Food Choices in Adolescence-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071985. [PMID: 32635385 PMCID: PMC7400812 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of adults report that perceived taste affects food choices and intake, which in turn may have an impact on health. However, corresponding evidence on adolescents is limited. Our aim was to summarize current evidence of the impact of taste perception on food choice preferences or dietary intakes among adolescents (mean age 10-19.9 years). Systematic searches identified 13 papers, 12 cross-sectional and one cohort study published between 1 January 2000 to 20 February 2020 assessing the impact of taste (using phenotypic and/or genotypic markers) on food choices in adolescents without any disease conditions. Qualitative assessment in the current review indicated that individuals sensitive to bitter tastes often have a lower preference of bitter-tasting food and higher preference for sweet-tasting food. A meta-analysis of three studies on bitter-taste sensitivity revealed no difference in preference for bitter-tasting vegetables between bitter tasters and non-tasters (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.04; 95% CI: -0.18, 0.26; p = 0.72). Overall, a limited number of studies were available for review. As a result, we report no clear relationship between taste perception and food choices or intake in adolescents. More studies are needed to evaluate the link between adolescents' taste perceptions and dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej O. Bawajeeh
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.Z.); (M.A.Z.); (C.E.L.E.); (J.E.C.)
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 42807,21551, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Salwa A. Albar
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 42807,21551, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Northern Ring Branch Road, Dist. Unit Number: 1 4904 Dist., Riyadh 6336, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.Z.); (M.A.Z.); (C.E.L.E.); (J.E.C.)
| | - Michael A. Zulyniak
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.Z.); (M.A.Z.); (C.E.L.E.); (J.E.C.)
| | - Charlotte E. L. Evans
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.Z.); (M.A.Z.); (C.E.L.E.); (J.E.C.)
| | - Janet E. Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (H.Z.); (M.A.Z.); (C.E.L.E.); (J.E.C.)
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Ferrão LFV, Johnson TS, Benevenuto J, Edger PP, Colquhoun TA, Munoz PR. Genome-wide association of volatiles reveals candidate loci for blueberry flavor. New Phytol 2020; 226:1725-1737. [PMID: 31999829 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), some of which are perceived by the human olfactory system, contributing to a myriad flavors. Despite the importance of flavor for consumer preference, most plant breeding programs have neglected it, mainly because of the costs of phenotyping and the complexity of disentangling the role of VOCs in human perception. To develop molecular breeding tools aimed at improving fruit flavor, we carried out target genotyping of and VOC extraction from a blueberry population. Metabolite genome-wide association analysis was used to elucidate the genetic architecture, while predictive models were tested to prove that VOCs can be accurately predicted using genomic information. A historical sensory panel was considered to assess how the volatiles influenced consumers. By gathering genomics, metabolomics, and the sensory panel, we demonstrated that VOCs are controlled by a few major genomic regions, some of which harbor biosynthetic enzyme-coding genes; can be accurately predicted using molecular markers; and can enhance or decrease consumers' overall liking. Here we emphasized how the understanding of the genetic basis and the role of VOCs in consumer preference can assist breeders in developing more flavorful cultivars at a more inexpensive and accelerated pace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Felipe V Ferrão
- Blueberry Breeding and Genomics Lab, Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Timothy S Johnson
- Environmental Horticulture Department, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Juliana Benevenuto
- Blueberry Breeding and Genomics Lab, Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Patrick P Edger
- Department of Horticulture, University of Michigan, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Thomas A Colquhoun
- Environmental Horticulture Department, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Patricio R Munoz
- Blueberry Breeding and Genomics Lab, Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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Athrey G, Popkin-Hall Z, Cosme LV, Takken W, Slotman MA. Species and sex-specific chemosensory gene expression in Anopheles coluzzii and An. quadriannulatus antennae. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:212. [PMID: 32321556 PMCID: PMC7178735 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory cues drive mosquito behaviors such as host-seeking, locating sugar sources and oviposition. These behaviors can vary between sexes and closely related species. For example, the malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii is highly anthropophilic, whereas An. quadriannulatus is not. These behavioral differences may be reflected in chemosensory gene expression. METHODS The expression of chemosensory genes in the antennae of both sexes of An. coluzzii and An. quadriannulatus was compared using RNA-seq. The sex-biased expression of several genes in An. coluzzii was also compared using qPCR. RESULTS The chemosensory expression is mostly similar in the male antennae of An. coluzzii and An. quadriannulatus, with only a few modest differences in expression. A handful of chemosensory genes are male-biased in both species; the highly expressed gustatory receptor AgGr33, odorant binding proteins AgObp25, AgObp26 and possibly AgObp10. Although the chemosensory gene repertoire is mostly shared between the sexes, several highly female-biased AgOrs, AgIrs, and one AgObp were identified, including several whose expression is biased towards the anthropophilic An. coluzzii. Additionally, the expression of several chemosensory genes is biased towards An. coluzzii in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS Chemosensory gene expression is broadly similar between species and sexes, but several sex- biased/specific genes were identified. These may modulate sex- and species-specific behaviors. Although the male behavior of these species remains poorly studied, the identification of sex- and species-specific chemosensory genes may provide fertile ground for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giridhar Athrey
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | | | - Luciano Veiga Cosme
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Willem Takken
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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