101
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Rozhin P, Adorinni S, Iglesias D, Mackiol T, Kralj S, Bisetto M, Abrami M, Grassi M, Bevilacqua M, Fornasiero P, Marchesan S. Nanocomposite Hydrogels with Self-Assembling Peptide-Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301708. [PMID: 37740618 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanostructures (CNSs) are attractive components to attain nanocomposites, yet their hydrophobic nature and strong tendency to aggregate often limit their use in aqueous conditions and negatively impact their properties. In this work, carbon nanohorns (CNHs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene (G) are first oxidized, and then reacted to covalently anchor the self-assembling tripeptide L-Leu-D-Phe-D-Phe to improve their dispersibility in phosphate buffer, and favor the formation of hydrogels formed by the self-organizing L-Leu-D-Phe-D-Phe present in solution. The obtained nanocomposites are then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), oscillatory rheology, and conductivity measurements to gain useful insights as to the key factors that determine self-healing ability for the future design of this type of nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Rozhin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Adorinni
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniel Iglesias
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tino Mackiol
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Slavko Kralj
- Department of Materials Synthesis, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matteo Bisetto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) Unit of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michela Abrami
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manuela Bevilacqua
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM-CNR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto, Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Third Parties Research Unit (URT-ICCOM), Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) Unit of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) Unit of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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102
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Li JW, Chen HF, Huang PH, Kuo CFJ, Cheng CC, Chiu CW. Photocurable Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Nanocomposite for the 3D Printing of Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4706. [PMID: 38139958 PMCID: PMC10747156 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A photocurable resin/carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposite was fabricated from aligned CNTs in an acrylic matrix. The conductivity of the nanocomposite increased rapidly and then stabilized when the CNT content was increased up to and beyond the percolation threshold. Various structures were created using a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer. Various polymeric dispersants (SMA-amide) were designed and synthesized to improve the CNT dispersion and prevent aggregation. The benzene rings and lone electron pairs on the dispersant interacted with aromatic groups on the CNTs, causing the former to wrap around the latter. This created steric hindrance, thereby stabilizing and dispersing the CNTs in the solvent. CNT/polymer nanocomposites were created by combining the dispersant, CNTs, and a photocurable resin. The CNT content of the nanocomposite and the 3D printing parameters were tuned to optimize the conductivity and printing quality. A touch-based human interface device (HID) that utilizes the intrinsic conductivity of the nanocomposite and reliably detects touch signals was fabricated, enabling the free design of sensors of various styles and shapes using a low-cost 3D printer. The production of sensors without complex circuitry was achieved, enabling novel innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Fu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Han Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Feng Jeffrey Kuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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103
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Paul S, Rao L, Stein LH, Salemi A, Mitra S. Development of a Carbon Nanotube-Enhanced FAS Bilayer Amphiphobic Coating for Biological Fluids. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:3138. [PMID: 38133035 PMCID: PMC10745810 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the development of a novel amphiphobic coating. The coating is a bilayer arrangement, where carbon nanotubes (CNTs) form the underlayer and fluorinated alkyl-silane (FAS) forms the overlayer, resulting in the development of highly amphiphobic coatings suitable for a wide range of substrates. The effectiveness of these coatings is demonstrated through enhanced contact angles for water and artificial blood plasma fluid on glass, stainless steel, and porous PTFE. The coatings were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle (CA) measurements. The water contact angles achieved with the bilayer coating were 106 ± 2°, 116 ± 2°, and 141 ± 2° for glass, stainless steel, and PTFE, respectively, confirming the hydrophobic nature of the coating. Additionally, the coating displayed high repellency for blood plasma, exhibiting contact angles of 102 ± 2°, 112 ± 2°, and 134 ± 2° on coated glass, stainless steel, and PTFE surfaces, respectively. The presence of the CNT underlayer improved plasma contact angles by 29%, 21.7%, and 16.5% for the respective surfaces. The presence of the CNT layer improved surface roughness significantly, and the average roughness of the bilayer coating on glass, stainless steel, and PTFE was measured to be 488 nm, 301 nm, and 274 nm, respectively. Mechanistically, the CNT underlayer contributed to the surface roughness, while the FAS layer provided high amphiphobicity. The maximum effect was observed on modified glass, followed by stainless steel and PTFE surfaces. These findings highlight the promising potential of this coating method across diverse applications, particularly in the biomedical industry, where it can help mitigate complications associated with device-fluid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Paul
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Lingfen Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Louis H. Stein
- Northern Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, RWJBarnabas Health, 94 Old Short Hills Road, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA; (L.H.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Arash Salemi
- Northern Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, RWJBarnabas Health, 94 Old Short Hills Road, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA; (L.H.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Somenath Mitra
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.P.); (L.R.)
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104
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Gutiérrez López MÁ, Tan ML, Renno G, Jozeliūnaitė A, Nué-Martinez JJ, Lopez-Andarias J, Sakai N, Matile S. Anion-π catalysis on carbon allotropes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1881-1894. [PMID: 38116243 PMCID: PMC10729121 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Anion-π catalysis, introduced in 2013, stands for the stabilization of anionic transition states on π-acidic aromatic surfaces. Anion-π catalysis on carbon allotropes is particularly attractive because high polarizability promises access to really strong anion-π interactions. With these expectations, anion-π catalysis on fullerenes has been introduced in 2017, followed by carbon nanotubes in 2019. Consistent with expectations from theory, anion-π catalysis on carbon allotropes generally increases with polarizability. Realized examples reach from enolate addition chemistry to asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions and autocatalytic ether cyclizations. Currently, anion-π catalysis on carbon allotropes gains momentum because the combination with electric-field-assisted catalysis promises transformative impact on organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mei-Ling Tan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Renno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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105
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Miao Y. Research on the correlation between the processing technology of conjugated nanomaterials and the design of sports equipment. Front Chem 2023; 11:1327618. [PMID: 38148760 PMCID: PMC10750393 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1327618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The processing technology of conjugated nanomaterials and the design of sports equipment are often regarded as two independent fields, resulting in poor performance in sports equipment design. Analyze the characteristics, preparation methods, and potential applications of conjugated nanomaterials, and use the unique properties of conjugated nanomaterials to improve the performance of sports equipment. Graphene conducts electricity very well and is the hardest among nanomaterials. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit good thermal conductivity. Therefore, this paper proposes to use CNT and graphene materials in Natural Rubber (NR) composites in sports equipment, and explores the relationship between the two. The experimental results showed that after 1,200 cycles, the CNT capacitances of M-120//GO, M-160//GO, and M-180//GO reached 43.3%, 87.3%, and 46.5% of the initial specific capacitance, respectively, indicating that the electrochemical storage performance of M-160//GO capacitor is good and the stability is high. The application in sports equipment can improve the battery capacity and enhance the practicability of the equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaguo Miao
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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106
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M de Farias D, Pradela-Filho LA, Arantes IVS, Gongoni JLM, Veloso WB, Meloni GN, Paixão TRLC. Sulfanilamide Electrochemical Sensor Using Phenolic Substrates and CO 2 Laser Pyrolysis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:56424-56432. [PMID: 37982226 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of environmental pollutants needs to be monitored constantly by reliable analytical methods since they pose a public health risk. Developing simple and affordable sensors for such pollutants can allow for large-scale monitoring economically. Here, we develop a simple electrochemical sensor for sulfanilamide (SFD) quantification using a phenolic resin substrate and a CO2 laser to pyrolyze the sensor geometry over the substrate. The sensors are modified with carbon nanotubes via a simple drop-casting procedure. The carbon nanotube loading effect the electrochemical performance toward a redox probe and analytical performance for SFD detection is investigated, showing no net benefit beyond 1 mg L-1 of carbon nanotubes. The effects of the modification on the SFD oxidation are shown to be more than just an electrode area effect and possibly attributed to the fast electron transfer kinetics of the carbon nanotubes. SFD detection is performed at small solution volumes under static (800 μL) and hydrodynamic conditions (3 mL) in a fully integrated, miniaturized batch-injection analyses cell. Both methods have a similar linear range from 10.0 to 115.0 μmol L-1 and high selectivity for SFD determination. Both systems are used to quantify SFD in real samples as a proof of concept, showcasing the proposed device's applicability as a sensor for environmental and public health monitoring of SFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi M de Farias
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Lauro A Pradela-Filho
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Iana V S Arantes
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana L M Gongoni
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - William B Veloso
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriel N Meloni
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago R L C Paixão
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
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107
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Wang KC, Lin PS, Lin YC, Tung SH, Chen WC, Liu CL. Tunable Thermoelectric Performance of the Nanocomposites Formed by Diketopyrrolopyrrole/Isoindigo-Based Donor-Acceptor Random Conjugated Copolymers and Carbon Nanotubes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:56116-56126. [PMID: 38010815 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the development of thermoelectric properties in nanocomposites comprising donor-acceptor random conjugated copolymers and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The composition of the conjugated polymers, specifically the ratio of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) to isoindigo (IID), is manipulated to design a series of random conjugated copolymers (DPP0, DPP5, DPP10, DPP30, DPP50, DPP90, DPP95, and DPP100). The objective is to improve the dispersion of SWCNTs into smaller bundles, leading to enhanced thermoelectric properties of the polymer/SWCNT nanocomposite. This dispersion strategy promotes an interconnected conducting network, which plays a critical role in optimizing the thermoelectric performance. Accordingly, the effects of morphologies on the thermoelectric properties of the nanocomposites are systematically investigated. The DPP95/SWCNT nanocomposite exhibits the strongest interaction, resulting in the highest power factor (PF) of 711.1 μW m-1 K-2, derived from the high electrical conductivity of 1690 S cm-1 and Seebeck coefficient of 64.8 μV K-1. The prototype flexible thermoelectric generators assembled with a DPP95/SWCNT film achieve a maximum power output of 20.4 μW m-2 at a temperature difference of 29.3 K. These findings highlight the potential of manipulating the composition of random conjugated copolymers and incorporating SWCNTs to efficiently harvest low-grade waste heat in wearable thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chieh Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Shen Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chen
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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108
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Lee CY, Lin YT, Hong SH, Wang CH, Jeng US, Tung SH, Liu CL. Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conducting Hydrogels with Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes for High Performance Wearable Thermoelectric Harvesters. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:56072-56083. [PMID: 37982689 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) thermoelectric (TE) materials offer higher ionic conductivity and ionic Seebeck coefficient compared to those of purely ionic-conducting TE materials. These characteristics make them suitable for direct use in thermoelectric generators (TEGs) as the charge carriers can be effectively transported from one electrode to the other via the external circuit. In the present study, MIEC hydrogels are fabricated via the chemical cross-linking of polyacrylamide (PAAM) and polydopamine (PDA) to form a double network. In addition, electrically conducting carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH) are dispersed evenly within the hydrogel via sonication and interaction with the PDA. Moreover, the electrical properties of the hydrogel are further improved via the in situ polymerization of polyaniline (PANI). The presence of CNT-COOH facilitates the ionic conductivity and enhances the ionic Seebeck coefficient via ionic-electronic interactions between sodium ions and carboxyl groups on CNT-COOH, which can be observed in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, thereby promoting the charge transport properties. As a result, the optimum device exhibits a remarkable ionic conductivity of 175.3 mS cm-1 and a high ionic Seebeck coefficient of 18.6 mV K-1, giving an ionic power factor (PFi) of 6.06 mW m-1 K-2 with a correspondingly impressive ionic figure of merit (ZTi) of 2.65. These values represent significant achievements within the field of gel-state organic TE materials. Finally, a wearable module is fabricated by embedding the PAAM/PDA/CNT-COOH/PANI hydrogel into a poly(dimethylsiloxane) mold. This configuration yields a high power density of 171.4 mW m-2, thus highlighting the considerable potential for manufacturing TEGs for wearable devices capable of harnessing waste heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Huan Hong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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109
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Pawar P, Anumalla S, Sharma S. Role of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in transgenic plant development. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3493-3500. [PMID: 37691181 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nanostructures, allotropes of carbon which are made up of graphene sheets wrapped around it forming cylindrical structures. CNTs have been regarded to have interesting and attractive physical and chemical properties and have been tremendously used in genetic engineering. Understanding the role of CNTs in development of transgenic plants, review of research papers in the field was done. CNTs are classified into two categories: the single-walled and multiwalled (MWCNTs) structures. They are valuable vectors in various biomedicine fields such as Gene delivery, Drug delivery, Immunotherapy, Tissue engineering, and Biomedical imaging and also, they deliver the DNA without damaging the cells. Based on recent studies, the functionalization of CNTs when combined with some other suitable molecules can drastically subside their toxic effects. Having unique properties such as small size, larger surface area is useful in delivering DNA into mammalian cells as well. Modifications in CNTs can make nucleic acids adhere to them even more efficiently. Also, MWCNTs are crucial in delivery DNA into the cytoplasm. Based on other methods, the CNTs-DNA are a preferred choice and the inclination toward double-stranded DNA is used over single-stranded DNA in gene delivery shows effective results. The only downside of CNTs is that they are hydrophobic and are difficult to form an aqueous solution, thus limiting their applicability. This review will aid you in comprehending useful knowledge related to a general overview of topics related to CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praniti Pawar
- Department of Life Sciences, K.C. College, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Suvarna Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, K.C. College, Mumbai, India
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110
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Gendron D, Bubak G. Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Materials as Xenobiotics in Living Systems: Is There a Consensus on Their Safety? J Xenobiot 2023; 13:740-760. [PMID: 38132708 PMCID: PMC10744618 DOI: 10.3390/jox13040047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes and graphene are two types of nanomaterials that have unique properties and potential applications in various fields, including biomedicine, energy storage, and gas sensing. However, there is still a debate about the safety of these materials, and there is yet to be a complete consensus on their potential risks to human health and the environment. While some studies have provided recommendations for occupational exposure limits, more research is needed to fully understand the potential risks of these materials to human health and the environment. In this review, we will try to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using carbon nanotubes and graphene as well as composites containing them in the context of their biocompatibility and toxicity to living systems. In addition, we overview current policy guidelines and technical regulations regarding the safety of carbon-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gendron
- Kemitek, Cégep de Thetford, 835 Rue Mooney, Thetford Mines, QC G6G 0A5, Canada
| | - Grzegorz Bubak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
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111
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Wang L, Jiang H, Wan F, Sun H, Yang Y, Li W, Qian Z, Sun X, Chen P, Chen S, Peng H. High-Performance Artificial Ligament Made from Helical Polyester Fibers Wrapped with Aligned Carbon Nanotube Sheets. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301610. [PMID: 37717208 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Repairing high-load connective tissues, such as ligaments, by surgically implanting artificial grafts after injury is challenging because they lack biointegration with host bones for stable interfaces. Herein, a high-performance helical composite fiber (HCF) ligament by wrapping aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets around polyester fibers is proposed. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery shows that HCF grafts could induce effective bone regeneration, thus allowing the narrowing of bone tunnel defects. Such repair of the bone tunnel is in strong contrast to the tunnel enlargement of more than 50% for commercial artificial ligaments made from bare polyester fibers. Rats reconstructed with this HCF ligament show normal jumping, walking, and running without limping. This work allows bone regeneration in vivo through a one-step surgery without seeding cells or transforming growth factors, thereby opening an avenue for high-performance artificial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hongyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fang Wan
- Department of Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, The Sports Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongji Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zheyan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Peining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, The Sports Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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112
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Maity A, Rapoport S, Haick H. Gate-Controlled Chiral Recognition and Spin Assessment with All-Electric Hybrid Quantum Wire-Based Transistors. Small 2023; 19:e2205038. [PMID: 36494176 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The search for inexpensive and all-electric tunable methods for portable and fast recognition and discrimination between various chiral enantiomers, mainly those found in the gas phase, has been one of the most challenging tasks in the field of analytical chemistry. The current article reports on a chiral sensitive electric architecture (CSEA) of a helical polyaniline (PANI)@carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid quantum-wire based field effect transistor (FET) platform. The CSEA architecture exhibits gate-controlled-channel-chirality modulation for the selective distinction of Limonene (S(+)/R(-)) at ≈12 V intervals. Typical gate-modulated selectivity of S(+)-Limonene and R(-)-Limonene using two opposite helically turned hybrids, namely as, S-PANI@CNT and R-PANI@CNT are 6.5 and 2.8, respectively. Theoretical analysis and modelling relates the gas-phase chiral quantum probe with spin-channel modulation in CNT by Rashba spin-orbit interaction. This is achieved by applied gate voltage, CNT's unique curved surface, adsorbed chiral adatom induced scattering center on the curved graphitic lattice and helicoid field from a synthetically prepared helical PANI@CNT hybrid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Maity
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Shelley Rapoport
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
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113
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Zhang L, Xu Z, Feng T, He M, Hansen TW, Wagner JB, Liu C, Cheng H. Breaking the Axis-Symmetry of a Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube During Its Growth. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2304905. [PMID: 37897312 PMCID: PMC10754088 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetrical growth of a single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) by introducing a change of a local atomic structure, is usually inevitable and supposed to have a profound effect on the chirality control and property tailor. However, the breaking of the symmetry during SWCNT growth remains unexplored and its origins at the atomic-scale are elusive. Here, environmental transmission electron microscopy is used to capture the process of breaking the symmetry of a growing SWCNT from a sub-2-nm platinum catalyst nanoparticle in real-time, demonstrating that topological defects formed on the side of a SWCNT can serve as a buffer for stress release and inherently break its axis-symmetrical growth. Atomic-level details reveal the importance of the tube-catalyst interface and how the atom rearrangement of the solid-state platinum catalyst around the interface influences the final tubular structure. The active sites responsible for trapping carbon dimers and providing enough driving force for carbon incorporation and asymmetric growth are shown to be low-coordination step edges, as confirmed by theoretical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceInstitute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang110016China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China
| | - Tian‐liang Feng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China
| | - Maoshuai He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266042China
| | | | | | - Chang Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceInstitute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang110016China
| | - Hui‐Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceInstitute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang110016China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon NeutralityShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences1068 Xueyuan RoadShenzhen518055China
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114
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Saranya M, da Silva AM, Karjalainen H, Klinkenberg G, Schmid R, McDonagh B, Molesworth PP, Sigfúsdóttir MS, Wågbø AM, Santos SG, Couto C, Karjalainen VP, Gupta SD, Järvinen T, de Roy L, Seitz AM, Finnilä M, Saarakkala S, Haaparanta AM, Janssen L, Lorite GS. Magnetic-Responsive Carbon Nanotubes Composite Scaffolds for Chondrogenic Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301787. [PMID: 37660271 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The demand for engineered scaffolds capable of delivering multiple cues to cells continues to grow as the interplay between cell fate with microenvironmental and external cues is revealed. Emphasis has been given to develop stimuli-responsive scaffolds. These scaffolds are designed to sense an external stimulus triggering a specific response (e.g., change in the microenvironment, release therapeutics, etc.) and then initiate/modulate a desired biofunction. Here, magnetic-responsive carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNTs) are integrated into 3D collagen/polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold via a reproducible filtration-based method. The integrity and biomechanical performance of the collagen/PLA scaffolds are preserved after cMWCNT integration. In vitro safety assessment of cMWCNT/collagen/PLA scaffolds shows neither cytotoxicity effects nor macrophage pro-inflammatory response, supporting further in vitro studies. The cMWCNT/collagen/PLA scaffolds enhance chondrocytes metabolic activity while maintaining high cell viability and extracellular matrix (i.e., type II collagen and aggrecan) production. Comprehensive in vitro study applying static and pulsed magnetic field on seeded scaffolds shows no specific cell response in dependence with the applied field. This result is independent of the presence or absence of cMWCNT into the collagen/PLA scaffolds. Taken together, these findings provide additional evidence of the benefits to exploit the CNTs outstanding properties in the design of stimuli-responsive scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthusamy Saranya
- Microelectronic Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90570, Finland
| | | | - Hanna Karjalainen
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90220, Finland
| | - Geir Klinkenberg
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
| | - Ruth Schmid
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
| | - Birgitte McDonagh
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
| | - Peter P Molesworth
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
| | | | - Ane Marit Wågbø
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
| | - Susana G Santos
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Couto
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | | | - Shuvashis Das Gupta
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90220, Finland
| | - Topias Järvinen
- Microelectronic Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90570, Finland
| | - Luisa de Roy
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Center for Trauma Research, Ulm University Medical Center Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas M Seitz
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Center for Trauma Research, Ulm University Medical Center Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mikko Finnilä
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90220, Finland
| | - Simo Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90220, Finland
| | | | - Lauriane Janssen
- Microelectronic Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90570, Finland
| | - Gabriela S Lorite
- Microelectronic Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90570, Finland
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115
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Lim HJ, Kim DJ, Rigby K, Chen W, Xu H, Wu X, Kim JH. Peroxymonosulfate-Based Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation: Complication by Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:19054-19063. [PMID: 37943016 PMCID: PMC10691423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) have received widespread attention in recent years, but the precise nature of PMS activation and its impact on the overall process performance remain poorly understood. This study presents the first demonstration of the critical role played by the oxygen reduction reaction in the effective utilization of PMS and the subsequent enhancement of overall pollutant remediation. We observed the concurrent generation of H2O2 via oxygen reduction during the cathodic PMS activation by a model nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube catalyst. A complex interplay between H2O2 generation and PMS activation, as well as a locally increased pH near the electrode due to the oxygen reduction reaction, resulted in a SO4•-/•OH-mixed oxidation environment that facilitated pollutant degradation. The findings of this study highlight a unique dependency between PMS-driven and H2O2-driven EAOPs and a new perspective on a previously unexplored route for further enhancing PMS-based treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Lim
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Department
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic
of Korea
| | - David J. Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Kali Rigby
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Wensi Chen
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Huimin Xu
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuanhao Wu
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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116
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Akbar MA, Sharif O, Selvaganapathy PR, Kruse P. Identification and Quantification of Aqueous Disinfectants Using an Array of Carbon Nanotube-Based Chemiresistors. ACS Appl Eng Mater 2023; 1:3040-3052. [PMID: 38031538 PMCID: PMC10683762 DOI: 10.1021/acsaenm.3c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection of water is essential to prevent the growth of pathogens, but at high levels, it can cause harm to human health. Therefore, accurate monitoring of disinfectant concentrations in water is essential to ensure safe drinking water. The use of multiple disinfectants at different stages in water treatment plants makes it necessary to also identify the type and concentrations of all of the disinfectant species present. Here, we demonstrate an effective approach to identify and quantify multiple disinfectants (using the example of free chlorine and potassium permanganate) in water using single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based reagent-free chemiresistive sensing arrays. Facile fabrication of chemiresistive devices makes them a popular choice for the implementation of sensor arrays. Our sensing array consists of functionalized and unfunctionalized (blank) SWCNT sensors to distinguish the disinfectants. The distinct responses from the different sensors at varying concentrations and pH can be fitted to the mathematical model of a Langmuir adsorption isotherm separately for each sensor. Blank and functionalized sensors respond through different mechanisms that result in varying responses that are concentration- and pH-dependent. Chemometric techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to analyze the sensor data. PCA showed an excellent separation of the analytes over five different pHs (5.5, 6.5, 7.5, 8.5, and 9.5). PLS-DA provided excellent separability as well as good predictability with a Q2 of 94.26% and an R2 of 95.67% for the five pH regions of the two analytes. This proof-of-concept solid-state chemiresistive sensing array can be developed for specific disinfectants that are commonly used in water treatment plants and can be deployed in water distribution and monitoring facilities. We have demonstrated the applicability of chemiresistive devices in a sensor array format for the first time for aqueous disinfectant monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ali Akbar
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Omar Sharif
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - P. Ravi Selvaganapathy
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Peter Kruse
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1, Canada
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117
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McGlynn R, Brunet P, Chakrabarti S, Ganguly A, Moghaieb H, Bo Z, Maguire P, Mariotti D. A Single-Step Process to Produce Carbon Nanotube-Zinc Compound Hybrid Materials. Small Methods 2023:e2300710. [PMID: 37997223 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
An atmospheric-pressure plasma system is developed and is used to treat carbon nanotube assemblies, producing a hybrid carbon-zinc structure. This system is integrated into a floating-catalyst chemical vapor deposition furnace used for the synthesis of macroscopic assemblies of carbon nanotubes to allow for the in-line, continuous, and single-step production of nano-composite materials. Material is deposited from a sacrificial zinc wire in the form of nanoparticles and can coat the surface of the individual carbon nanotubes as they form. Additionally, it is found that the deposited materials penetrate further into the carbon nanotube matrix than a comparable post-synthesis deposition, improving the uniformity of the material through the thickness. Thus, a single-step metal-based coating and carbon nanotube synthesis process which can form the basis of production scale manufacturing of metal-carbon nanotube composite materials with an atmospheric-pressure plasma system are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruairi McGlynn
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Paul Brunet
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
| | | | - Abhijit Ganguly
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
| | | | - Zheng Bo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Paul Maguire
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Davide Mariotti
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
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118
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Łosiewicz B, Osak P, Górka-Kulikowska K. Electrophoretic Deposition of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Coatings on CoCrMo Alloy for Biomedical Applications. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:2122. [PMID: 38004979 PMCID: PMC10672882 DOI: 10.3390/mi14112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are a promising material for use in innovative biomedical solutions due to their unique chemical, mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties. This work provides a method for the development of ultrasonically assisted electrophoretic deposition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on a CoCrMo dental alloy. Functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes was carried out by chemical oxidation in a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. The modified and unmodified multi-walled carbon nanotubes were anaphoretically deposited on the CoCrMo alloy in an aqueous solution. Chemical composition was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanism and kinetics of the electrochemical corrosion of the obtained coatings in artificial saliva at 37 °C were determined using the open-circuit potential method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and anodic polarization curves. The capacitive behavior and high corrosion resistance of the tested electrodes were revealed. It was found that the kinetics of electrochemical corrosion of the CoCrMo electrode significantly decreased in the presence of the functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube coating. Electrophoretic deposition was shown to be an effective, low-cost, and fast method of producing nanotubes with controlled thickness, homogeneity, and packing density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Łosiewicz
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Patrycja Osak
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Karolina Górka-Kulikowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznań, Poland;
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119
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Moriggi F, Barbera V, Galimberti M, Raffaini G. Adsorption Affinities of Small Volatile Organic Molecules on Graphene Surfaces for Novel Nanofiller Design: A DFT Study. Molecules 2023; 28:7633. [PMID: 38005356 PMCID: PMC10674850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of organic molecules on graphene surfaces is a crucial process in many different research areas. Nano-sized carbon allotropes, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, have shown promise as fillers due to their exceptional properties, including their large surface area, thermal and electrical conductivity, and potential for weight reduction. Surface modification methods, such as the "pyrrole methodology", have been explored to tailor the properties of carbon allotropes. In this theoretical work, an ab initio study based on Density Functional Theory is performed to investigate the adsorption process of small volatile organic molecules (such as pyrrole derivatives) on graphene surface. The effects of substituents, and different molecular species are examined to determine the influence of the aromatic ring or the substituent of pyrrole's aromatic ring on the adsorption energy. The number of atoms and presence of π electrons significantly influence the corresponding adsorption energy. Interestingly, pyrroles and cyclopentadienes are 10 kJ mol-1 more stable than the corresponding unsaturated ones. Pyrrole oxidized derivatives display more favorable supramolecular interactions with graphene surface. Intermolecular interactions affect the first step of the adsorption process and are important to better understand possible surface modifications for carbon allotropes and to design novel nanofillers in polymer composites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maurizio Galimberti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (V.B.)
| | - Giuseppina Raffaini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (V.B.)
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120
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Visvini GA, Mathioudakis GN, Soto Beobide A, Piperigkou Z, Giannakas AE, Messaritakis S, Sotiriou G, Voyiatzis GA. Improvement of Water Vapor Permeability in Polypropylene Composite Films by the Synergy of Carbon Nanotubes and β-Nucleating Agents. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4432. [PMID: 38006156 PMCID: PMC10674806 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A notable application of polymeric nanocomposites is the design of water vapor permeable (WVP) membranes. "Breathable" membranes can be created by the incorporation of micro/nanofillers, such as CaCO3, that interrupt the continuity of the polymeric phase and when subjected to additional uniaxial or biaxial stretching this process leads to the formation of micro/nanoporous structures. Among the candidate nanofillers, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have demonstrated excellent intrinsic WVP properties. In this study, chemically modified MWCNTs with oligo olefin-type groups (MWCNT-g-PP) are incorporated by melt processes into a PP matrix; a β-nucleating agent (β-ΝA) is also added. The crystallization behavior of the nanocomposite films is evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The WVP performance of the films is assessed via the "wet" cup method. The nanohybrid systems, incorporating both MWCNT-g-PP and β-NA, exhibit enhanced WVP compared to films containing only MWCNT-g-PP or β-NA. This improvement can be attributed to the significant increase in the growth of α-type crystals taking place at the edges of the CNTs. This increased crystal growth exerts a form of stress on the metastable β-phase, thereby expanding the initial microporosity. In parallel, the coexistence of the inherently water vapor-permeable CNTs, further enhances the water vapor permeability reaching a specific water vapor transmission rate (Sp.WVTR) of 5500 μm.g/m2.day in the hybrid composite compared to 1000 μm.g/m2.day in neat PP. Notably, the functionalized MWCNT-g-PP used as nanofiller in the preparation of the "breathable" PP films demonstrated no noteworthy cytotoxicity levels within the low concentration range used, an important factor in terms of sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glykeria A. Visvini
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., 265 04 Rio-Patras, Greece; (G.A.V.); (G.N.M.); (A.S.B.)
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 265 04 Rio-Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios N. Mathioudakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., 265 04 Rio-Patras, Greece; (G.A.V.); (G.N.M.); (A.S.B.)
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 265 04 Rio-Patras, Greece
| | - Amaia Soto Beobide
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., 265 04 Rio-Patras, Greece; (G.A.V.); (G.N.M.); (A.S.B.)
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group University of Patras, 265 04 Rio-Patras, Greece;
| | - Aris E. Giannakas
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Patras, 301 00 Agrinio, Greece;
| | - Stavros Messaritakis
- Plastika Kritis S.A., Industrial Area of Heraklion, R Street, Heraklion, 714 08 Crete, Greece;
| | - Giannis Sotiriou
- Thrace Polyfilms S.A., Industrial Area Xanthi, 671 00 Xanthi, Greece;
| | - George A. Voyiatzis
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., 265 04 Rio-Patras, Greece; (G.A.V.); (G.N.M.); (A.S.B.)
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121
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Su Z, Cheng Y, Liu Z, Zhou J, Li D, Li Y. Experimental Study on Thermal Conductivity of Water-Based Magnetic Fluid Loaded with Different Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2952. [PMID: 37999306 PMCID: PMC10675603 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic fluids, a new type of energy transfer fluid with tunable properties, have garnered significant interest from researchers worldwide. Hybrid magnetic fluids prepared by adding different types of nanoparticles exhibit superior thermophysical properties and functional characteristics. In this paper, we prepared a water-based magnetic fluid loaded with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu) to enhance thermal conductivity. Using a transient double hot-wire method, we designed and built an experimental measurement system for the thermal conductivity of magnetic fluids with an average measurement error of less than 5%. We studied the thermal conductivity of hybrid magnetic fluids under different conditions and evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of various models, including the Maxwell model, H&C model, Tim model, Y&C model, and Evans model. Our results show that MF+MCNTs, MF+Ag, and MF+Cu nanofluids can all improve the thermal conductivity of the carrier fluid, with MF+MCNTs exhibiting the best improvement effect of 10.93%. Among the five models evaluated, the Evans model had the best predictive effect with a deviation range within 5%. This work provides theoretical and practical reference for enhancing the thermal conductivity of magnetic fluids and provides a more accurate theoretical model for calculating the thermal conductivity of hybrid magnetic fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Su
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (Z.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanhong Cheng
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (Z.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (Z.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology for High-End CNC Equipment, Jilin 130015, China
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (Z.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Decai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (Z.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.)
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122
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Zhang W, Chew NGP, Coronell O. Facile Synthesis of Electrically Conductive Membranes. Environ Sci Technol Lett 2023; 10:1135-1141. [PMID: 38144434 PMCID: PMC10735243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
A facile and effective strategy that can be used to fabricate electrically conductive membranes (ECMs) of diverse filtration performance (i.e., water productivity and solute rejection) is not available yet. Herein, we report a facile method that enables the fabrication of ECMs of a broad performance range. The method is based on the use of polyethylenimine (PEI), glutaraldehyde, and any of a diverse set of conductive materials to cast an electrically conductive layer atop any of a diverse set of substrates (i.e., from microfiltration to reverse osmosis membranes). We developed the reported ECM fabrication method using graphite as the conductive material and PVDF membranes as substrates. We demonstrate that graphite-PVDF ECMs were stable and electrically conductive and could be successfully used for solute filtration and electrochemical degradation. We also confirmed that the PEI/glutaraldehyde-based ECM fabrication method is suitable for conductive materials other than graphite, including carbon nanotubes, reduced graphene oxide, activated charcoal, and silver nanoparticles. Compared with the substrates used for their fabrication, ECMs showed low electrical sheet resistances that varied with conductive material, increased solute rejection, and reduced water permeance. Taken together, this work presents a promising general strategy for the fabrication of ECMs for environmental applications from diverse substrates and conductive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Nick Guan Pin Chew
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Orlando Coronell
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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Huang Z, Song Y, Zhao X, Hou H. Piezoresistive Theory and Numerical Calculation for Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composite. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:7090. [PMID: 38005020 PMCID: PMC10672310 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
A three-dimensional theory has been established for the piezoresistivity of carbon nanotube (CNT) polymer composites. Based on the Mori-Tanaka method in meso-mechanics theory and considering quantum tunneling effect between CNTs, an approach to calculate equivalent electrical conductivity of composites was proposed. On this basis, a piezoresistive theory, which incorporates the effect of composites' geometric nonlinearity, was developed for CNT polymer composites. The theory is dependent only on some basic physical parameters of the materials. A finite element formula of the theory for the numerical calculation of piezoresistivity was presented from the analysis of both elastic and electric fields. Numerical simulations demonstrated that the results predicted by the theory were in good agreement with those of the experimental tests. Parameter sensitivity analysis revealed that when both the potential barrier height of the matrix and the initial average separation distance between CNTs increased, the piezoresistivity obviously increased. However, with the increase in aspect ratio and CNT conductivity, the piezoresistivity decreased gradually. A practical engineering application of this theory is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (Z.H.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Wind Tunnel of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (Z.H.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Wind Tunnel of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (Z.H.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Wind Tunnel of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huiming Hou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (Z.H.); (Y.S.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Wind Tunnel of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515063, China
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Calderón-Villajos R, Sánchez M, Leones A, Peponi L, Manzano-Santamaría J, López AJ, Ureña A. An Analysis of the Self-Healing and Mechanical Properties as well as Shape Memory of 3D-Printed Surlyn ® Nanocomposites Reinforced with Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4326. [PMID: 37960006 PMCID: PMC10650841 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This research work studies the self-healing ability, mechanical properties, and shape memory of the polymer Surlyn® 8940 with and without multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a nanoreinforcement. This polymer comes from a partially neutralized poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) ionomer copolymer. MWCNTs and the polymer went through a mixing process aimed at achieving an excellent dispersion. Later, an optimized extrusion method was used to produce a uniform reinforced filament, which was the input for the 3D-printing process that was used to create the final test samples. Various concentrations of MWCNTs (0.0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 wt.%) were used to evaluate and compare the mechanical properties, self-healing ability, and shape memory of unreinforced and nanoreinforced materials. Results show an enhancement of the mechanical properties and self-healing ability through the addition of MWCNTs to the matrix of polymer, and the specimens showed shape memory events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Calderón-Villajos
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Materials Science and Engineering and Electronic Technology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain; (J.M.-S.); (A.J.L.); (A.U.)
| | - María Sánchez
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Materials Science and Engineering and Electronic Technology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain; (J.M.-S.); (A.J.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Adrián Leones
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, ICTP-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain (L.P.)
| | - Laura Peponi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, ICTP-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain (L.P.)
| | - Javier Manzano-Santamaría
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Materials Science and Engineering and Electronic Technology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain; (J.M.-S.); (A.J.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Antonio Julio López
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Materials Science and Engineering and Electronic Technology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain; (J.M.-S.); (A.J.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Alejandro Ureña
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Materials Science and Engineering and Electronic Technology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain; (J.M.-S.); (A.J.L.); (A.U.)
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Ziaei S, Rashtbari B, Azamat J, Erfan-Niya H. A comparative study on penetration mechanisms of drug-loaded carbon and boron nitride nanotubes through biological membranes by steered molecular dynamics simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37921702 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2274977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism by which nanotubes penetrate cell membranes is challenging from multiple perspectives. As a drug delivery system, boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) have a similar structure to carbon nanotubes but with B-N bonds instead of C-C bonds. Through a remarkable series of direct and indirect observations within specific cells, these nanotubes are popularly attributed as superior penetrant into cell membrane. Suitable functional groups and polymers are often needed to enhance the biocompatibility and solubility of BNNTs and CNTs in biological media. In addition, to figure out the effect of functional groups, the nanostructures without functional groups were first examined together with their anticancer drugs (fluorouracil and letrozole). All partial charges of the drug and nanotube have been investigated through population analysis. After that, with a total of 40 simulations (MD and SMD simulations), various analytical techniques were employed to examine the interaction between drugs and nanotubes with POPE, which is a class of phospholipids existing in biological membrane, in aqueous media. Noteworthy among these techniques is the mean-squared displacement analysis to compare the diffusion rate of nanocarriers and the radial distribution function analysis, which was utilized to compare water concentrations surrounding nanotubes. Additionally, the stability of the drug within the nanotube was assessed through mass center distance analysis. The diffusion coefficients of the nanotube-membrane complex were compared against various chemical agents by employing mean squared displacement analysis. The findings of the study revealed that the tethering of tetra ethylene glycol results in the augmentation of the water molecules surrounding the nanotubes while simultaneously enhancing the durability of the drug being conveyed. Nonetheless, the addition of tetra ethylene glycol resulted in a reduction in the nanocarrier's diffusion coefficient.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Ziaei
- Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Babak Rashtbari
- Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Azamat
- Department of Chemistry Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Erfan-Niya
- Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Zheng D, Yi W, Zhou J, Hou J, Si J, Hou X. Two-component polymer sorting to obtain high-purity s-SWCNTs for all-carbon photodetectors. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300651. [PMID: 37721858 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of carbon-based electronics is reliant on the development of semiconducting carbon nanotubes with high purity and yield. We developed a new extraction strategy to efficiently sort SWCNTs with superior yields and purity. The approach uses two polymers, poly[N-(1-octylnonyl)-9H-carbazol-2,7-diyl](PCz) and poly(9,9-n-dihexyl-2,7-fluorene-alt-9-phenyl-3,6-carbazole)(PDFP), and two sonication processes to eliminate surface polymer contamination. PCz selectively wraps large-diameter s-SWCNTs, with PDFP added as an enhancing molecule to increase sorting efficiency at 4-fold compared to the efficiency of only PCz alone sorting. The purity of the sorted s-SWCNTs was confirmed to be above 99 % using absorption and Raman spectra. Field-effect transistors and photodetectors made from the sorted s-SWCNTs exhibited excellent semiconductor properties and broad-spectrum detection, with good long-term stability. Furthermore, a photodetector using large-tube diameter s-SWCNTs achieved broad-spectrum detection, which the photoresponsivity is 0.35 mA/W and the detectivity is 4.7×106 Jones. The s-SWCNTs/graphene heterojunction photodetector achieved a photoresponsivity of 3 mA/W and a detectivity of 6.3×106 Jones. This new strategy provides a promising approach to obtain high-purity and high-yield s-SWCNTs for carbon-based photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of ShaanXi Province School of Information and Electronics Engineering &Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Yi
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of ShaanXi Province School of Information and Electronics Engineering &Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - JinFeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of ShaanXi Province School of Information and Electronics Engineering &Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical University, No.1 Xinwang Road, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jinhai Si
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of ShaanXi Province School of Information and Electronics Engineering &Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of ShaanXi Province School of Information and Electronics Engineering &Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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127
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Dağıdır K, Bilen K. Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al 2O 3, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2023; 14:1041-1058. [PMID: 37941774 PMCID: PMC10630681 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the use of nanolubricants containing Al2O3, graphene, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at different mass fractions in a refrigeration compressor was experimentally investigated. The required electrical power of the compressor was measured to determine the effect of the use of nanolubricants. Nanoparticles used in the preparation of nanolubricants were gradually added to the lubricant to determine the optimum nanoparticle mass fraction for each nanoparticle type. Thus, it was found that the compressor operated safely and efficiently with nanolubricants. Furthermore, the optimum mass fractions were determined to be 0.750% for Al2O3, 0.250% for graphene, and 0.250% for CNTs for operating conditions of this study. As a result, the required electrical power of the compressor decreased by 6.26, 6.82, and 5.55% with the addition of Al2O3, graphene, and CNT nanoparticles at optimum mass fractions of 0.750, 0.250, and 0.250% to the lubricant, respectively, compared to the compressor using pure oil. Moreover, density and dynamic viscosity of the nanolubricant samples used in the experiments were also measured, and their kinematic viscosity, which is an important parameter for lubricants, was calculated. It was determined that the kinematic viscosity continuously increased with increasing nanoparticle fraction. In conclusion, nanolubricants containing nanoparticles above the optimum mass fraction increase the required electrical power of the compressor. It is concluded that nanoparticle fractions should not be used above the optimum value in nanolubricant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayhan Dağıdır
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Kemal Bilen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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128
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Wang F, Qiu K, Zhang Z, Li X, Cao Y, Wang F. Hydrophobic and Homogeneous Conductive Carbon Matrix for High-Rate Non-Alkaline Zinc-Air Batteries. Small 2023; 19:e2303151. [PMID: 37605323 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Non-alkaline zinc-air batteries (ZABs) that use reversible O2 /ZnO2 chemistry exhibit excellent stability and superior reversibility compared to conventional alkaline ZABs. Unlike alkaline ZABs, ZnO2 discharge products are generated on the surface of the air cathodes in non-alkaline ZABs, requiring more gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction interfaces. However, the kinetics of reported ZABs based on carbon black (CB) is far from satisfactory due to the insufficient reaction areas. The rational structural design of the air cathode is an effective way to increase active surfaces to further enhance the performance of non-alkaline ZABs. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MW-CNTs) with unique mesoporous structures and high pore volumes are selected to replace CB in the air cathode preparation. Due to the larger electrochemically active surface area, superior hydrophobicity, and uniform electroconductibility of MW-CNTs-based cathodes, primary ZABs exhibit high specific capacity (704 mAh gZn-1 ) with a Zn utilization ratio of 85.85% at 1.0 mA cm-2 , excellent discharge rate performance, and negligible self-discharge. Furthermore, rechargeable ZABs also demonstrate outstanding rate capability and excellent cycling stability at various current densities. This work provides a fundamental understanding of the criteria for the cathode design of non-alkaline ZABs, thus opening a new pathway for more sustainable ZABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Wang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ke Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xinjie Li
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yongjie Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
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Aghababaei Tafreshi O, Saadatnia Z, Ghaffari-Mosanenzadeh S, Kumar A, Salari M, Mohseni Taromsari S, Rastegardoost MM, Park CB, Naguib HE. Flexible, Thermally Stable, and Ultralightweight Polyimide-CNT Aerogel Composite Films for Energy Storage Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:50360-50377. [PMID: 37847866 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Polyimide (PI) aerogels are promising in various fields of application, ranging from thermal insulators to aerospace. However, they are typically in the form of a bulk monolith, which suffers from a lack of conformability and drapability. Moreover, their electrical conductivity is limited, and they mainly display an insulative behavior. These shortcomings can limit the applications of PI aerogels in energy storage systems, which require ultralightweight flexible conductive films, which at the same time offer high thermal stability, ultralow density, and high surface area. To overcome these obstacles, the present study reports the fabrication of PI-carbon nanotube (PI-CNT) aerogel composite films with varying CNT content prepared through a sol-gel preparation method, followed by a supercritical drying procedure. Compared to pristine PI aerogels, which displayed a large shrinkage and density of 18.3% and 0.12 g cm-3, respectively, the incorporation of only 5 wt % CNTs resulted in a significant reduction of both shrinkage and density to only 11.5% and 0.10 g cm-3, respectively. This suggests the importance of CNTs in improving the dimensional stability of aerogels and creating a robust network. Further characterizations showed that incorporation of 5 wt % CNTs also resulted in the highest pore volume (1.25 cm3 g-1), highest surface area (324 m2 g-1), highest real permittivity (80), highest electrical conductivity (3 × 10-1 S m-1), and ultrahigh service temperature (575 °C). It was also shown that the aerogel films can withstand a large degree of bending, can be twisted, and can be fully rolled with no obvious cracks propagated in the structure. The combined outstanding properties of the developed aerogel composite films make them promising potential candidates for supercapacitor electrodes. Therefore, the electrochemical performance of the devices based on aerogel electrodes was further studied. The device demonstrated a high energy density of 2.6 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 303.8 W kg-1. The total capacitance after 5000 cycles was 91.8% of the initial capacitance, which indicated excellent stability and durability of the device. Overall, this work provides a facile yet effective methodology for the development of high-performance aerogel materials for energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Aghababaei Tafreshi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Zia Saadatnia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G 0C5, Canada
| | | | - Ambrish Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Meysam Salari
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Sara Mohseni Taromsari
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | | | - Chul B Park
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Hani E Naguib
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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Long Y, Lin J, Ye F, Liu W, Wang D, Cheng Q, Paul R, Cheng D, Mao B, Yan R, Zhao L, Liu D, Liu F, Hu C. Tailoring the Atomic-Local Environment of Carbon Nanotube Tips for Selective H 2 O 2 Electrosynthesis at High Current Densities. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2303905. [PMID: 37535390 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The atomic-local environment of catalytically active sites plays an important role in tuning the activity of carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts (C-MFECs). However, the rational regulation of the environment is always impeded by synthetic limitations and insufficient understanding of the formation mechanism of the catalytic sites. Herein, the possible cleavage mechanism of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through the crossing points during ball-milling is proposed, resulting in abundant CNT tips that are more susceptible to be modified by heteroatoms, achieving precise modulation of the atomic environment at the tips. The obtained CNTs with N,S-rich tips (N,S-TCNTs) exhibit a wide potential window of 0.59 V along with H2 O2 selectivity for over 90.0%. Even using air as the O2 source, the flow cell system with N,S-TCNTs catalyst attains high H2 O2 productivity up to 30.37 mol gcat. -1 h-1 @350 mA cm-2 , superior to most reported C-MFECs. From a practical point of view, a solid electrolyzer based on N,S-TCNTs is further employed to realize the in-situ continuous generation of pure H2 O2 solution with high productivity (up to 4.35 mmol cm-2 h-1 @300 mA cm-2 ; over 300 h). The CNTs with functionalized tips hold great promise for practical applications, even beyond H2 O2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongde Long
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinguo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fenghui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qingqing Cheng
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Rajib Paul
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Daojian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Baoguang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Riqing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Linjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chuangang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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131
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Daou B, Silvestri A, Lasa H, Mancino D, Prato M, Alegret N. Organic Functional Group on Carbon Nanotube Modulates the Maturation of SH-SY5Y Neuronal Models. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300173. [PMID: 37392465 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have proven to be excellent substrates for neuronal cultures, showing high affinity and greatly boosting their synaptic functionality. Therefore, growing cells on CNT offers an opportunity to perform a large variety of neuropathology studies in vitro. To date, the interactions between neurons and chemical functional groups have not been studied extensively. To this end, multiwalled CNT (f-CNT) is functionalized with various functional groups, including sulfonic (-SO3 H), nitro (-NO2 ), amino (-NH2 ), and oxidized moieties. f-CNTs are spray-coated onto untreated glass substrates and are used as substrates for the incubation of neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). After 7 d, its effect is evaluated in terms of cell attachment, survival, growth, and spontaneous differentiation. Cell viability assays show quite increased proliferation on various f-CNT substrates (CNTs-NO2 > ox-CNTs ≈ CNTs-SO3 H > CNTs ≈ CNTs-NH2 ). Additionally, SH-SY5Y cells show selectively better differentiation and maturation with -SO3 H substrates, where an increased expression of β-III tubulin is seen. In all cases, intricate cell-CNT networks are observed and the morphology of the cells adopts longer and thinner cellular processes, suggesting that the type of functionalization may have an effect of the length and thickness. Finally, a possible correlation is determined between conductivity of f-CNTs and cell-processes lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahaa Daou
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia/San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Alessandro Silvestri
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Haizpea Lasa
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia/San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Donato Mancino
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitá Degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Nuria Alegret
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC BiomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
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132
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Kim T, Jang JG, Kim SH, Hong J. Molecular Engineering for Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/π-Conjugated Organic Small Molecule Hybrids. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2302922. [PMID: 37863818 PMCID: PMC10667833 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Hybridizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with π-conjugated organic small molecules (π-OSMs) offers a promising approach for producing high-performance thermoelectric (TE) materials through the facile optimization of the molecular geometry and energy levels of π-OSMs. Designing a twisted molecular structure for the π-OSM with the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level comparable to the valence band of SWCNTs enables effective energy filtering between the two materials. The SWCNTs/twisted π-OSM hybrid exhibits a high Seebeck coefficient of 110.4 ± 2.6 µV K-1 , leading to a significantly improved power factor of 2,136 µW m-1 K-2 , which is 2.6 times higher than that of SWCNTs. Moreover, a maximum figure of merit over 0.13 at room temperature is achieved via the efficient TE transport of the SWCNTs/twisted π-OSM hybrid. The study highlights the promising potential of optimizing molecular engineering of π-OSMs for hybridization with SWCNTs to create next-generation, efficient TE materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae‐Hoon Kim
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Jang
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Department of Carbon Convergence EngineeringWonkwang UniversityIksan54538South Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Carbon Convergence EngineeringWonkwang UniversityIksan54538South Korea
| | - Jong‐In Hong
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
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133
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Luo Y, Shupletsov L, Ortega Vega MR, Gutiérrez-Serpa A, Khan AH, Brunner E, Senkovska I, Kaskel S. Integration of Triphenylene-Based Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks into Carbon Nanotube Electrodes for Boosting Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37903405 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The rational design and preparation of conductive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are alluring and challenging pathways to develop active catalysts toward electrocatalytic glucose oxidation. The hybridization of conductive MOFs with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the form of a composite can greatly improve the electrocatalytic performance. Herein, a facile one-step synthetic strategy is utilized to fabricate a Ni3(HHTP)2/CNT (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) composite for nonenzymatic detection of glucose in an alkaline solution. The Ni3(HHTP)2/CNT composite, as an electrochemical glucose sensor material, exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity toward glucose oxidation with a wide detection range of up to 3.9 mM, a low detection limit of 4.1 μM (signal/noise = 3), a fast amperometric response time of <2 s, and a high sensitivity of 4774 μA mM-1 cm-2, surpassing the performance of some recently reported nonenzymatic transition-metal-based glucose sensors. In addition, the composite sensor also shows outstanding selectivity, robust long-term electrochemical stability, favorable anti-interference properties, and good reproducibility. This work displays the effectiveness of enhancing the electrocatalytic performance toward glucose detection by combing conductive MOFs with CNTs, thereby opening up an applicable and encouraging approach for the design of advanced nonenzymatic glucose sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Luo
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Leonid Shupletsov
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Maria Rita Ortega Vega
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Adrián Gutiérrez-Serpa
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Arafat Hossain Khan
- Chair of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Chair of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Irena Senkovska
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, Dresden 01069, Germany
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134
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Mehew JD, Timmermans MY, Saleta Reig D, Sergeant S, Sledzinska M, Chávez-Ángel E, Gallagher E, Sotomayor Torres CM, Huyghebaert C, Tielrooij KJ. Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of Free-Standing Double-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:51876-51884. [PMID: 37889473 PMCID: PMC10636713 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are driving advances in technology due to their oftentimes superior properties over bulk materials. In particular, their thermal properties become increasingly important as efficient heat dissipation is required to realize high-performance electronic devices, reduce energy consumption, and prevent thermal damage. One application where nanomaterials can play a crucial role is extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, where pellicles that protect the photomask from particle contamination have to be transparent to EUV light, mechanically strong, and thermally conductive in order to withstand the heat associated with high-power EUV radiation. Free-standing carbon nanotube (CNT) films have emerged as candidates due to their high EUV transparency and ability to withstand heat. However, the thermal transport properties of these films are not well understood beyond bulk emissivity measurements. Here, we measure the thermal conductivity of free-standing CNT films using all-optical Raman thermometry at temperatures between 300 and 700 K. We find thermal conductivities up to 50 W m-1 K-1 for films composed of double-walled CNTs, which rises to 257 W m-1 K-1 when considering the CNT network alone. These values are remarkably high for randomly oriented CNT networks, roughly seven times that of single-walled CNT films. The enhanced thermal conduction is due to the additional wall, which likely gives rise to additional heat-carrying phonon modes and provides a certain resilience to defects. Our results demonstrate that free-standing double-walled CNT films efficiently dissipate heat, enhancing our understanding of these promising films and how they are suited to applications in EUV lithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Dudley Mehew
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | | | - David Saleta Reig
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | | | - Marianna Sledzinska
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Emigdio Chávez-Ángel
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | | | - Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | | | - Klaas-Jan Tielrooij
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), BIST and CSIC, Campus UAB Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Department
of Applied Physics, TU Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
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135
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Chen Z, Qu Q, Li X, Srinivas K, Chen Y, Zhu M. Room-Temperature Synthesis of Carbon-Nanotube-Interconnected Amorphous NiFe-Layered Double Hydroxides for Boosting Oxygen Evolution Reaction. Molecules 2023; 28:7289. [PMID: 37959709 PMCID: PMC10648594 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key half-reaction in electrocatalytic water splitting. Large-scale water electrolysis is hampered by commercial noble-metal-based OER electrocatalysts owing to their high cost. To address these issues, we present a facile, one-pot, room-temperature co-precipitation approach to quickly synthesize carbon-nanotube-interconnected amorphous NiFe-layered double hydroxides (NiFe-LDH@CNT) as cost-effective, efficient, and stable OER electrocatalysts. The hybrid catalyst NiFe-LDH@CNT delivered outstanding OER activity with a low onset overpotential of 255 mV and a small Tafel slope of 51.36 mV dec-1, as well as outstanding long-term stability. The high catalytic capability of NiFe-LDH@CNT is associated with the synergistic effects of its room-temperature synthesized amorphous structure, bi-metallic modulation, and conductive CNT skeleton. The room-temperature synthesis can not only offer economic feasibility, but can also allow amorphous NiFe-LDH to be obtained without crystalline boundaries, facilitating long-term stability during the OER process. The bi-metallic nature of NiFe-LDH guarantees a modified electronic structure, providing additional catalytic sites. Simultaneously, the highly conductive CNT network fosters a nanoporous structure, facilitating electron transfer and O2 release and enriching catalytic sites. This study introduces an innovative approach to purposefully design nanoarchitecture and easily synthesize amorphous transition-metal-based OER catalysts, ensuring their cost effectiveness, production efficiency, and long-term stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qiang Qu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xinsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Katam Srinivas
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yuanfu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Mingqiang Zhu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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136
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Lu M, Chi J, Chen H, Liu Z, Shi P, Lu Z, Yin L, Du L, Lv L, Zhang P, Xue K, Cui G. Ultrasensitive Bio-H 2S Gas Sensor Based on Cu 2O-MWCNT Heterostructures. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3952-3963. [PMID: 37801040 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Developing a respiratory analysis disease diagnosis platform for the H2S biomarker has great significance for the real-time detection of various diseases. However, achieving highly sensitive and rapid detection of H2S gas at the parts per billion level at low temperatures is one of the most critical challenges for developing portable exhaled gas sensors. Herein, Cu2O-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) heterostructures with excellent gas sensitivity to H2S at room temperature and a lower temperature were successfully synthesized by a facile two-dimensional (2D) electrodeposition in situ assembly method. The combination of Cu2O and MWCNTs via the principle of optimal conductance growth not only reduced the initial resistance of the material but also provided an ideal interfacial barrier structure. Compared to the response of the pure Cu2O sensor, that of the Cu2O-MWCNT sensor to 1 ppm of H2S increased nearly 800 times at room temperature, and the response time decreased by more than 500 s. In addition to the excellent sensitivity with detection limits as low as 1 ppb, the Cu2O-MWCNT sensor was extremely selective with low-temperature adaptability. The sensor had a response value of 80.6 to 0.1 ppm of H2S at -10 °C, which is difficult to achieve with sensors based on oxygen adsorption/desorption mechanisms. The sensor was used for the detection of real oral exhaled breath, confirming its feasibility as a real-time disease monitoring sensor. The Cu2O-MWCNT heterostructures maximized the advantages of the individual components and laid the experimental foundation for future applications of highly sensitive portable breath analysis platforms for monitoring H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Junyu Chi
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Huijuan Chen
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Zongxu Liu
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Pengfei Shi
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Zheng Lu
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Liang Yin
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Lulu Du
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Li Lv
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Pinhua Zhang
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Kaifeng Xue
- School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Guangliang Cui
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
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137
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Xu Y, Yuan Z, Song L, Ding T, Sun D, Wang L, Zhou X. Ultrathin Cobalt-Based Prussian Blue Analogue Nanosheet-Assembled Nanoboxes Interpenetrated with Carbon Nanotubes as a Fast Electron/Potassium-Ion Conductor for Superior Potassium Storage. Nano Lett 2023; 23:9594-9601. [PMID: 37844201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are regarded as potential substitutes for industrial lithium-ion batteries in large scale energy storage systems due to the world's abundant potassium supplies. Althogh cobalt hexacyanocobaltate (CoHCC) exhibits broad potential as a PIB anode material, its performance is currently unsatisfactory. Herein, novel 5 nm scale ultrathin CoHCC nanosheet-assembled nanoboxes with interspersed carbon nanotubes (CNTs/CoHCC nanoboxes) are fabricated to realize a highly reactive PIB anode. The ultrathin CoHCC layers substantially accelerate electron conduction and provide numerous active sites, while the connected CNTs provide fast axial electron transport. Consequently, the optimized anode exhibits a remarkable discharge capacity of 580.9 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and long-term stability with 71.3% retention over 1000 cycles. In situ and ex situ characterizations and density functional theory calculations are further employed to elucidate the K+ storage process and the reason for the enhanced performance of the CNTs/CoHCC nanoboxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zeyu Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lili Song
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tangjing Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongmei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Analysis and Testing, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaosi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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138
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Parhi R, Kaishap PP, Jena GK. Recent advances in nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems for melanoma therapy. ADMET DMPK 2023; 12:107-150. [PMID: 38560710 PMCID: PMC10974823 DOI: 10.5599/admet.2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Safe and effective drug delivery is crucial for the treatment of cancer, which is quite impossible to achieve through traditional methods. Among all types of cancer, skin melanoma is known for its aggressive metastasizing ability and an unprecedented higher degree of lethalness, limiting the overall therapeutic efficacy. Here, we focus on the different types of nanomaterials (NMs) and their drug delivery applications against melanoma. Experimental Approach All relevant publications, including research papers, reviews, chapters and patents, were assessed using search engines such as Scopus and PubMed, up to the end of August of 2023. The keywords used in the search were: nanomaterials, melanoma, drug delivery routes for melanoma, and nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems (DDS). Most of the publications out of 234 cited in this review are from the last five years. Key Results The recent advancement and mechanism of action of various NMs against melanoma, including inorganic metallic and carbon-based NMs, organic polymeric and lipid-based NMs, and cell-derived vesicles are discussed. We also focus on the application of different NMs in the delivery of therapeutic agents for melanoma therapy. In addition, the skin and melanoma, genetic mutation and pathways for melanoma, conventional treatment options, and delivery routes for therapeutic agents are also discussed briefly. Conclusion There are few NM-based DDS developed in the lab set up recently. The findings of this review will pave the path for the development of NM-based DDS on an industrial scale and help in the better management of skin melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabinarayan Parhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Susruta School of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar-788011, Assam, India
| | - Partha Pratim Kaishap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Susruta School of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar-788011, Assam, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Jena
- Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Berhampur-7600010, Odisha, India
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139
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Zimmerer C, Simon F, Putzke S, Drechsler A, Janke A, Krause B. N-Type Coating of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Polydopamine-Mediated Nickel Metallization. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2813. [PMID: 37887963 PMCID: PMC10610227 DOI: 10.3390/nano13202813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have unique thermal and electrical properties. Coating them with a thin metal layer can provide promising materials for many applications. This study presents a bio-inspired, environmentally friendly technique for CNT metallization using polydopamine (PDA) as an adhesion promoter, followed by electroless plating with nickel. To improve the dispersion in the aqueous reaction baths, part of the SWCNTs was oxidized prior to PDA coating. The SWCNTs were studied before and after PDA deposition and metallization by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, scanning force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These methods verified the successful coating and revealed that the distribution of PDA and nickel was significantly improved by the prior oxidation step. Thermoelectric characterization showed that the PDA layer acted as a p-dopant, increasing the Seebeck coefficient S of the SWCNTs. The subsequent metallization decreased S, but no negative S-values were reached. Both coatings affected the volume conductivity and the power factor, too. Thus, electroless metallization of oxidized and PDA-coated SWCNTs is a suitable method to create a homogeneous metal layer and to adjust their conduction type, but more work is necessary to optimize the thermoelectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordelia Zimmerer
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Simon
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sascha Putzke
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Drechsler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Janke
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Beate Krause
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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140
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Li B, Zhou L, Wang B, Yin M, Qian Y, Shi X, Guo Z, Han Z, Hu N, Sun L. Nanoscale Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in a Metal Matrix to Boost Thermal and Electrical Conductivity via Facile Ball Milling Techniques. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2815. [PMID: 37887965 PMCID: PMC10609409 DOI: 10.3390/nano13202815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT)/metal composites have attracted much attention due to their enhanced electrical and thermal performance. How to achieve the scalable fabrication of composites with efficient dispersion of CNTs to boost their performance remains a challenge for their wide realistic applications. Herein, the nanoscale dispersion of CNTs in the Stannum (Sn) matrix to boost thermal and electrical conductivity via facile ball milling techniques was demonstrated. The results revealed that CNTs were tightly attached to metal Sn, resulting in a much lower resistivity than that of bare Sn. The resistivity of Sn with 1 wt.% and 2 wt.% CNTs was 0.087 mΩ·cm and 0.056 mΩ·cm, respectively. The theoretical calculation showed that there was an electronic state near the Fermi level, suggesting its electrical conductivity had been improved to a certain extent. In addition, the thermal conductivity of Sn with 2 wt.% CNTs was 1.255 W·m-1·K-1. Moreover, Young's modulus of the composites with CNTs mass fraction of 10 wt.% had low values (0.933 MPa) under low strain conditions, indicating the composite shows good potential for various applications with different flexible requirements. The good electrical and thermal conductive CNT networks were formed in the metal matrix via facile ball milling techniques. This strategy can provide guidance for designing high-performance metal samples and holds a broad application potential in electronic packaging and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China; (B.L.); (L.Z.); (B.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.); (X.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - Lihua Zhou
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China; (B.L.); (L.Z.); (B.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.); (X.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - Bo Wang
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China; (B.L.); (L.Z.); (B.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.); (X.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - Maoshu Yin
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China; (B.L.); (L.Z.); (B.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.); (X.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - Yong Qian
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China; (B.L.); (L.Z.); (B.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.); (X.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - Xianglei Shi
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China; (B.L.); (L.Z.); (B.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.); (X.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhejun Guo
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China; (B.L.); (L.Z.); (B.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.); (X.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhao Han
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Nantao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road No. 800, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Lijie Sun
- Research Center for Photovoltaics, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China; (B.L.); (L.Z.); (B.W.); (M.Y.); (Y.Q.); (X.S.); (Z.G.)
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141
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Chu Z, Xu B, Liang J. Direct Application of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) for Integrated Circuits (ICs) Interconnection: Challenges and Developments. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2791. [PMID: 37887942 PMCID: PMC10609618 DOI: 10.3390/nano13202791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous shrinkage of integrated circuit (IC) dimensions, traditional copper interconnect technology is gradually unable to meet the requirements for performance improvement. Carbon nanotubes have gained widespread attention and research as a potential alternative to copper, due to their excellent electrical and mechanical properties. Among various methods for producing carbon nanotubes, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, low cost, and simple reaction operations, making it the most promising approach to achieve compatibility with integrated circuit manufacturing processes. Combined with through silicon via (TSV), direct application of CVD-grown carbon nanotubes in IC interconnects can be achieved. In this article, based on the above background, we focus on discussing some of the main challenges and developments in the application of CVD-grown carbon nanotubes in IC interconnects, including low-temperature CVD, metallicity enrichment, and contact resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbang Chu
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jie Liang
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
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142
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Mitulinsky A, Gaydaychuk A, Zenkin S, Meisner S, Bulakh V, Linnik S. Integration of Carbon Nanotubes in an HFCVD Diamond Synthesis Process in a Methane-Rich H 2/CH 4 Gas Mixture. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6755. [PMID: 37895737 PMCID: PMC10607995 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present experimental data on carbon nanotubes integration during diamond synthesis. Carbon nanotubes layers were preliminarily deposited on silicon and diamond substrates, after which the substrates were loaded into the HFCVD reactor for further growth of the diamond phase. The CVD process was held in an argon-free H2/CH4 working gas mixture without the use of a catalyst for carbon nanotubes growth. It is shown that in a wide range of studied working gas composition (CH4 concentration up to 28.6 vol.%) nanotubes etched from the substrate surface before the diamond growth process began.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mitulinsky
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.G.); (S.Z.); (V.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Alexander Gaydaychuk
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.G.); (S.Z.); (V.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Sergei Zenkin
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.G.); (S.Z.); (V.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Stanislav Meisner
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Vlada Bulakh
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.G.); (S.Z.); (V.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Stepan Linnik
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.G.); (S.Z.); (V.B.); (S.L.)
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143
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Wang Y, Zhang W, Chen Y, Zeng X, Huang J, Wei H, Tu J. Mechanism of carbon nanotube growth in expanded graphite via catalytic pyrolysis reaction using carbores P as a carbon source. Front Chem 2023; 11:1260099. [PMID: 37927565 PMCID: PMC10625408 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1260099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) had potential applications in energy conversion and storage devices, and it could be prepared by expanded graphite loaded with catalyst at high temperature, however, the mechanism of carbon nanotube growth in expanded graphite need further confirmation. In this work, carbon nanotubes' in situ growth in expanded graphite (EG) were prepared via catalytic pyrolysis reaction using carbores P as a carbon source and Co(NO3)3•6H2O as a catalyst. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS) indicated the carbon nanotubes could generate in, EG with the presence of carbores P as a carbon source and cobalt nitrate as a catalyst. More interestingly, the growth mechanism of carbon nanotubes could be concluded by the results of differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (DTA-TG-MS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The pyrolysis products of carbores P were mainly hydrocarbon gas such as CH4 gas, which reacts with Co(NO3)3·6H2O catalyst to reduces CoOx to Co particles, then the carbon form pyrolysis was deposited the on the surface catalyst Co particles and, after continuous solid dissolution and precipitation, carbon nanotubes were at last generated in EG at last.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Wang
- College of Mining Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- Tangshan Guoliang Special Refractory Limited Company, Postdoctoral Workstation, Tangshan, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- College of Mining Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yuejun Chen
- College of Mining Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiongfeng Zeng
- College of Mining Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- Tangshan Guoliang Special Refractory Limited Company, Postdoctoral Workstation, Tangshan, China
| | - Jiankun Huang
- Tangshan Guoliang Special Refractory Limited Company, Postdoctoral Workstation, Tangshan, China
| | - Hengyong Wei
- College of Mining Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Junbo Tu
- College of Mining Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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144
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Campisciano V, Valentino L, Laura Alfieri M, La Parola V, Napolitano A, Giacalone F, Gruttadauria M. Highly Functionalized SWCNTs with a Dopamine Derivative as a Support for Pd Nanoparticles: A Recyclable Catalyst for the Reduction of Nitro Compounds and the Heck Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301238. [PMID: 37518681 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were functionalized with a dopamine derivative in which the amine group was converted to azide (dopamine azide). The direct reaction of SWCNTs and dopamine azide in o-dichlorobenzene at high temperature (160 °C) led to very highly functionalized CNTs (≈60 wt.%). Surprisingly, despite this high degree of functionalization, Raman spectroscopy detected a low disruption of the π-network of the carbonaceous support. This finding was justified by the rehybridization from sp3 to sp2 of the sidewall carbon atoms of CNTs involved in the functionalization process. Further characterization by means of different techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed to shed some light on the chemical composition and morphology of the obtained material. Moreover, the estimation of the total content of phenolic units and their reducing potential after CNTs functionalization was also assessed using Folin and Ciocalteu and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazide (DPPH) assays. The functionalization of CNTs was exploited to immobilize palladium(II) species that were subsequently reduced with NaBH4 leading to the formation of Pd nanoparticles (NPs). The so obtained hybrid material was used as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of nitro compounds and the Heck reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Campisciano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF) and INSTM UdR - Palermo, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Valentino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF) and INSTM UdR - Palermo, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Alfieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria La Parola
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)-CNR, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Giacalone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF) and INSTM UdR - Palermo, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Gruttadauria
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF) and INSTM UdR - Palermo, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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145
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Zou L, Sun S, Zhang C, Zhao X. NiTi-Layered Double Hydroxide@Carbon Nanotube as a Cathode Material for Chloride-Ion Batteries. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2779. [PMID: 37887930 PMCID: PMC10609344 DOI: 10.3390/nano13202779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Chloride-ion batteries (CIBs) are one of the promising candidates for energy storage due to their low cost, high theoretical energy density and high safety. However, the limited types of cathode materials in CIBs have hindered their development. In this work, a NiTi-LDH@CNT composite is prepared using a reverse microemulsion method and applied in CIBs for the first time. The specific surface area and the pore volume of the obtained NiTi-LDH@CNT composites can reach 266 m2 g-1 and 0.42 cm3 g-1, respectively. Electrochemical tests indicate that the composite electrode delivers a reversible specific capacity of 69 mAh g-1 after 150 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g-1 in 0.5 M PP14Cl/PC electrolyte. Ni2+/Ni3+ and Ti3+/Ti4+ valence changes during electrochemical cycling are demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while reversible migration of Cl- is revealed by ex-situ EDS and ex-situ XRD. The stable layered structure and abundant valence changes of the NiTi-LDH@CNT composite make it an exceptional candidate as a cathode material for CIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Shijiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Chang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (L.Z.); (C.Z.); (X.Z.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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146
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Sarma S, Rao VR. Emerging synthesis and characterization techniques for hybrid polymer nanocomposites. Nanotechnology 2023; 35:012002. [PMID: 37783203 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acfef8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes are two of the most promising nanomaterials, due to their distinctive properties occurring from spatial confinement of electron-hole pairs. The unique combination of metallic nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a polymer matrix offers unparalleled advantages, making them highly desirable in various fields. Advanced methods and techniques for synthesizing and characterizing hybrid metal-CNT-polymer nanocomposites have undergone significant progress in recent years, paving their integration into various fields, including aerospace, electronics, energy, water treatment and environmental remediation. These advances have allowed better understanding of nanocomposite properties and imparted ability to tune specific properties through size, shape, and distribution control of the nanofillers within the matrix material or by altering filler properties through functionalization. This study aims to critically judge the emerging tools, techniques and methods used in polymer nanocomposites with specific focus on metal-CNT based hybrid polymer nanocomposites, and suggest new avenues for research in the field. Furthermore, by examining the mechanisms affecting the performance of these composites, we can understand how the inclusion of fillers alters the microstructure and overall behavior of the material. Ultimately, this knowledge could lay the foundation for the development of novel nanocomposites with tailored properties and enhanced performance in a plethora of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrutidhara Sarma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - V Ramgopal Rao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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147
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Nechitailov A, Krasnova A, Glebova N. Specific Mass Activity and Surface Activity of Platinum Electrically Connected with CNTs in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:832. [PMID: 37888004 PMCID: PMC10608254 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a study of the platinum activity in the ORR in a hydrogen polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with electrodes containing multi-walled CNTs in a wide range of compositions and conditions. The data of the comparative analysis of the platinum activity on a fraction of Nafion in the electrode, the composition of the oxidizing agent (oxygen, air), pressure, and temperature are provided. The reasons for the dependence of the platinum surface activity on the component composition of the electrode are considered. Specific mass activity and surface activity of platinum in the ORR in MEA with the electrodes with CNTs depend on the ionomer/platinum ratio. Both dependences have a maximum at the level of the 25% Nafion fraction. The maximum appears as a result of an optimal structure formation, which ensures the fullest use of the platinum surface and minimal concentration overvoltages. Specific mass activity and surface activity of platinum for the sample with 34% CNTs at T = 60 °C and excessive pressure of p = 2 atm amount to 0.46 A/mg and 0.72 mA/cm2, respectively.
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148
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Naishadham K, Naishadham G, Cabrera N, Bekyarova E. Response Surface Modeling of the Steady-State Impedance Responses of Gas Sensor Arrays Comprising Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes to Detect Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8447. [PMID: 37896540 PMCID: PMC10610975 DOI: 10.3390/s23208447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) sensors provide a versatile chemical platform for ambient monitoring of ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), two important airborne pollutants known to cause acute respiratory and cardiovascular health problems. CNTs have shown great potential for use as sensing layers due to their unique properties, including high surface to volume ratio, numerous active sites and crystal facets with high surface reactivity, and high thermal and electrical conductivity. With operational advantages such as compactness, low-power operation, and easy integration with electronics devices, nanotechnology is expected to have a significant impact on portable low-cost environmental sensors. Enhanced sensitivity is feasible by functionalizing the CNTs with polymers, metals, and metal oxides. This paper focuses on the design and performance of a two-element array of O3 and NO2 sensors comprising single-walled CNTs functionalized by covalent modification with organic functional groups. Unlike the conventional chemiresistor in which the change in DC resistance across the sensor terminals is measured, we characterize the sensor array response by measuring both the magnitude and phase of the AC impedance. Multivariate response provides higher degrees of freedom in sensor array data processing. The complex impedance of each sensor is measured at 5 kHz in a controlled gas-flow chamber using gas mixtures with O3 in the 60-120 ppb range and NO2 between 20 and 80 ppb. The measured data reveal response change in the 26-36% range for the O3 sensor and 5-31% for the NO2 sensor. Multivariate optimization is used to fit the laboratory measurements to a response surface mathematical model, from which sensitivity and selectivity are calculated. The ozone sensor exhibits high sensitivity (e.g., 5 to 6 MΩ/ppb for the impedance magnitude) and high selectivity (0.8 to 0.9) for interferent (NO2) levels below 30 ppb. However, the NO2 sensor is not selective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nelson Cabrera
- Carbon Solutions, Inc., Riverside, CA 92507, USA; (N.C.); (E.B.)
| | - Elena Bekyarova
- Carbon Solutions, Inc., Riverside, CA 92507, USA; (N.C.); (E.B.)
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149
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Yao Z, Xia A, Wang D, Wang C. Low temperature multi-catalytic growth and growth mechanism of carbon nanotubes on carbon fiber surfaces. Nanotechnology 2023; 35:015701. [PMID: 37783207 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acfef7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce the etching effect of the catalysts to carbon fibers caused by high temperature during the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, four multi-element catalysts, Fe-Co, Fe-Ni, Co-Ni and Fe-Co-Ni, were used to realize the low temperature growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on carbon fibers at 350 °C-400 °C. The results show that the growth state of CNTs has a great relationship with the type of catalysts. The catalytic efficiency of Fe-Co catalysts is low, but the graphitization degree of CNTs is relatively high. The Fe-Co-Ni catalysts has high catalytic efficiency but low graphitization degree of CNTs. The tensile strength of carbon fiber/CNTs reinforcements prepared by Fe-Ni catalysts at 400 °C is the highest, reaching 3.99 GPa, which is 11.14% higher than that of desized fiber. The melt drop phenomenon of the catalysts was found by TEM, indicating the formation of the liquid phase catalysts during the growth of CNTs. This phenomenon can change the diffusion mode of carbon atoms in the catalyst and significantly reduce the growth activation energy of CNTs, so that CNTs can grow at lower temperatures. Based on the detailed analysis of the CVD process, a low temperature growth model of CNTs on carbon fibers was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongzhi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengguo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, People's Republic of China
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150
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Paleo A, Martinez-Rubi Y, Krause B, Pötschke P, Jakubinek MB, Ashrafi B, Kingston C. Carbon Nanotube-Polyurethane Composite Sheets for Flexible Thermoelectric Materials. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2023; 6:17986-17995. [PMID: 37854856 PMCID: PMC10580240 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Integration of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in the form of fabriclike sheets or other preformed assemblies (films, fibers, etc.) simplifies their handling and allows for composites with higher nanotube contents, which is needed to better exploit their outstanding properties and achieve multifunctional materials with improved performance. Here, we show the development of p-type SWCNT-thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fabric materials with a wide range of SWCNT contents (from 5 to 90 wt %) by employing a one-step filtration method using a suspension of SWCNTs in a TPU solvent/nonsolvent mixture. The mechanical and thermoelectric (TE) properties of these SWCNT-TPU nanocomposites were tailored by varying the SWCNT/TPU wt % ratio, achieving significant advantages relative to the pristine SWCNT buckypaper (BP) sheets in terms of strength and stretchability. In particular, the SWCNT-TPU nanocomposite with a 50/50 wt % ratio composition (equivalent to 15 vol % of SWCNTs) shows a power factor (PF) of 57 μW m-1 K-2, slightly higher compared to the PF of the SWCNT BP prepared under the same conditions (54 μW m-1 K-2), while its mechanical properties significantly increased (e.g., ∼7-, 25-, and 250-fold improvements in stiffness, strength, and tensile toughness, respectively). These results represent a significant step toward the development of easy-to-process self-supporting and stretchable materials with robust mechanical properties for flexible thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio
J. Paleo
- 2C2T-Centre
for Textile Science and Technology, University
of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Yadienka Martinez-Rubi
- Security
and Disruptive Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Beate Krause
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Pötschke
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael B. Jakubinek
- Security
and Disruptive Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Behnam Ashrafi
- Aerospace
Research Centre, National Research Council
Canada, 5145 Decelles
Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3T 2B2, Canada
| | - Christopher Kingston
- Security
and Disruptive Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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