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Ishizaki T, Tanaka D, Ishibashi K, Takahashi K, Hirata E, Kuroda K. Cell Damage Mechanisms during Cryopreservation in a Zwitterion Solution and Its Alleviation by DMSO. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3904-3909. [PMID: 38613503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Recently, zwitterions have been proposed as novel cryoprotectants. However, some cells are difficult to cryopreserve using aqueous zwitterion solutions alone. We investigated here the reason for cell damage in such cells, and it was the osmotic pressure after freeze concentration. Furthermore, the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been reported to improve the cryoprotective effect in such cells: the zwitterion/DMSO aqueous solution shows a higher cryoprotective effect than the commercial cryoprotectant. This study also clarified the mechanisms underlying the improvement in a cryoprotective effect. The addition of cell-permeable DMSO alleviated the osmotic pressure after the freeze concentration. This alleviation was also found to be a key factor for cryopreserving cell spheroids, while there has been no insight into this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Ishizaki
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Research Center of Genetic Resources, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan
| | - Kojiro Ishibashi
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Eishu Hirata
- Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- WPI-Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kuroda
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- NanoMaterials Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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Shirian FI, Karimi M, Alipour M, Salami S, Nourbakhsh M, Nekufar S, Safari-Alighiarloo N, Tavakoli-Yaraki M. Beta hydroxybutyrate induces lung cancer cell death, mitochondrial impairment and oxidative stress in a long term glucose-restricted condition. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:567. [PMID: 38656394 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic plasticity gives cancer cells the ability to shift between signaling pathways to facilitate their growth and survival. This study investigates the role of glucose deprivation in the presence and absence of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in growth, death, oxidative stress and the stemness features of lung cancer cells. METHODS AND RESULTS A549 cells were exposed to various glucose conditions, both with and without beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), to evaluate their effects on apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels using flow cytometry, and the expression of CD133, CD44, SOX-9, and β-Catenin through Quantitative PCR. The activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde was assessed using colorimetric assays. Treatment with therapeutic doses of BHB triggered apoptosis in A549 cells, particularly in cells adapted to glucose deprivation. The elevated ROS levels, combined with reduced levels of SOD and GPx, indicate that oxidative stress contributes to the cell arrest induced by BHB. Notably, BHB treatment under glucose-restricted conditions notably decreased CD133 expression, suggesting a potential inhibition of cell survival through the downregulation of CD133 levels. Additionally, the simultaneous decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in ROS levels indicate the potential for creating oxidative stress conditions to impede tumor cell growth in such environmental settings. CONCLUSION The induced cell death, oxidative stress and mitochondria impairment beside attenuated levels of cancer stem cell markers following BHB administration emphasize on the distinctive role of metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and propose possible therapeutic approaches to control cancer cell growth through metabolic fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Izak Shirian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Karimi
- Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Alipour
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Nekufar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Safari-Alighiarloo
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran.
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153
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Song Z, Guan C, Li T, Li C, Zhang N, Liu K, Yang C, Zhu Y, Xu Y. Vaporization phosphorization-mediated synthesis of phosphorus-doped TiO 2 nanocomposites for combined photodynamic and photothermal therapy of renal cell carcinoma. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4039-4052. [PMID: 38591157 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00213j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a disease with high incidence and poor prognosis. The conventional treatment involves radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but chemotherapeutic agents are often associated with side effects, i.e., cytotoxicity to nontumor cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for ccRCC. We synthesized spherical P/TiO2 nanoparticles (P/TiO2 NPs) by vaporization phosphorization (VP). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) analyses confirmed that the anatase TiO2 surface was successfully doped with phosphorus and produced a large number of oxygen vacancies (OV). Serving as a photosensitizer, P/TiO2 NPs not only extended the photoresponse range to the near-infrared II region (NIR II) but also introduced a donor energy level lower than the TiO2 conduction band, narrowing the band gap, which could facilitate the migration of photogenerated charges and trigger the synergistic treatment of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). During NIR irradiation in vitro, the P/TiO2 NPs generated local heat and various oxygen radicals, including 1O2, ˙O2-, H2O2, and ˙OH, which damaged the ccRCC cells. In vivo, administration of the P/TiO2 NPs + NIR reduced the tumor volume by 80%, and had the potential to inhibit tumor metastasis by suppressing intratumor neoangiogenesis. The P/TiO2 NPs showed superior safety and efficacy relative to the conventional chemotherapeutic agent used in ccRCC treatment. This study introduced an innovative paradigm for renal cancer treatment, highlighting the potential of P/TiO2 NPs as safe and effective nanomaterials and presenting a compelling new option for clinical applications in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Song
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Chen Guan
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Tianyang Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Chenyu Li
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ningxin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Chengyu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Yukun Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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154
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Li N, Zhang G, Zhan J, Yu D. pH-responsive iron-loaded carbonaceous nanoparticles for chemodynamic therapy based on the Fenton reaction. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3959-3969. [PMID: 38477096 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02875e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The Fenton reaction-based chemodynamic therapy is a form of cancer therapy, and its efficacy can be significantly improved by promoting catalytic reactions involving iron ions. A system with high catalytic capacity and low biological toxicity that effectively inhibits tumor progression is required for optimal treatment. In this study, iron-loaded carbonaceous nanoparticles (CNPs@Fe) with Fenton catalytic activity were fabricated and applied for the chemodynamic therapy of cancer. The carbonaceous nanoparticles derived from glucose via a caramelization reaction demonstrated high biocompatibility. Besides, aromatic structures in the carbonaceous nanoparticles helped accelerate electron transfer to enhance the catalytic decomposition of H2O2, resulting in the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (˙OH). At pH 6.0 (representing weak acidity in the tumor microenvironment), the Fenton catalytic activity of CNPs@Fe in the decomposition of H2O2 was 15.3 times higher than that of Fe2+ and 28.3 times higher than that of Fe3O4via a chromogenic reaction. The reasons for the enhancement were revealed by analyzing the chemical composition of carbonaceous nanoparticles using high-resolution mass spectra. The developed Fenton agent also demonstrated significant therapeutic effectiveness and minimal side effects in in vitro and in vivo anticancer studies. This work proposes a novel approach to promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the chemodynamic therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianlu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
- Physical and Chemical Laboratory, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Gaorui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Translational Medicine Research Center in Nano Molecular and Functional Imaging of Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jinhua Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Translational Medicine Research Center in Nano Molecular and Functional Imaging of Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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155
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Vasilaki D, Bakopoulou A, Papadopoulou L, Papachristou E, Michailidis N, Tsouknidas A, Dratsios S, Taylor T, Michalakis K. Viability and Proliferation Assessment of Gingival Fibroblasts Cultured on Silver Nanoparticle-Doped Ti-6Al-4V Surfaces. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2024; 39:320. [PMID: 38457263 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.10496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the biocompatibility of silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-doped Ti-6Al-4V surfaces by evaluating the viability and proliferation rate of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs)-as the dominant cells of peri-implant soft tissues-seeded on the modified surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS AgNPs (sizes 8 nm and 30 nm) were incorporated onto Ti-6Al-4V specimen surfaces via electrochemical deposition, using colloid silver dispersions with increasing AgNP concentrations of 100 ppm, 200 ppm, and 300 ppm. One control and six experimental groups were included in the study: (1) control (Ti-6Al-4V), (2) 8 nm/100 ppm, (3) 8 nm/200 ppm, (4) 8 nm/300 ppm, (5) 30 nm/100 ppm, (6) 30 nm/200 ppm, and (7) 30 nm/300 ppm. HGF cell primary cultures were isolated from periodontally healthy donor patients and cultured in direct contact with the group specimens for 24 and 72 hours. The cytotoxicity of AgNP-doped Ti-6Al-4V specimens toward HGF was assessed by the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and BrdU (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine) assay tests. Calcein AM and ethidium homodimer (EthD-1) fluorescent stains were used to determine the live and dead cells. The morphology and attachment properties of the HGFs were determined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis confirmed the presence of AgNPs on the specimens. The MTT test revealed that AgNPs of both sizes and all concentrations presented a decreased cellular metabolic activity compared to the control discs. All concentrations of both sizes of AgNPs affected the cell proliferation rate compared to the control group, as revealed by the BrdU assay. Overall, cytotoxicity of the modified Ti-6Al-4V surfaces depended on cell exposure time. Observation via confocal microscopy confirmed the results of the MTT and BrdU assay tests. Specifically, most cells remained alive throughout the 72-hour culture period. SEM images revealed that adjacent cells form bonds with each other, creating confluent layers of conjugated cells. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study indicate that Ti-6Al-4V surfaces modified with 8 nm and 30 nm AgNPs at concentrations of 100 ppm, 200 ppm, and 300 ppm do not produce any serious cytotoxicity toward HGFs. The initial arrest of the HGF proliferation rate recovered at 72 hours. These results on the antibacterial activity against common periodontal pathogens, in combination with the results found in a previous study by the same research group, suggest that AgNP-doped Ti-6Al-4V surfaces are potential candidates for use in implant abutments for preventing peri-implant diseases.
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156
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Wang K, Zhai S, Qin Y, Hao M, Su S, Li S, Tang X. Competitive coordination assembly of light-degradable gold nanocluster-intercalated metal organic frameworks for photoresponsive drug release. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4018-4028. [PMID: 38578014 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb03012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
On-demand controlled drug release holds great promise for cancer therapy. Light-degradable nanocarriers have gained increasing attention for designing controllable drug delivery systems owing to their spatiotemporally controllable properties. Herein, a highly luminescent and light-degradable nanocarrier is constructed by intercalating glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) via competitive coordination assembly, named AuNC@ZIF-8, for light-triggered drug release. Glutathione-capped AuNCs and 2-methylimidazole (MIm) competitively coordinated with Zn2+ to form AuNC@ZIF-8 using a one step process in an aqueous solution. Specifically, the obtained AuNC@ZIF-8 has a high quantum yield of 52.96% and displays a distinctive property of photolysis. Competitive coordination interactions within AuNC@ZIF-8 were evidenced by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, in which Zn2+ strongly coordinated with the N of MIm and weakly coordinated with the carboxyl/amino groups in the glutathione of AuNCs. Under light irradiation, the Au-S bond in AuNCs breaks, enhancing the coordination ability between carboxyl/amino groups and Zn2+. This collapses the crystal structure of AuNC@ZIF-8 and causes subsequent fluorescence quenching. Additionally, AuNC@ZIF-8 is successfully employed as a luminescent nanocarrier of anticancer drugs to form drug-AuNC@ZIF-8, in which three typical anticancer drugs are selected due to different coordination interactions. The obtained smart drug-AuNC@ZIF-8 can be effectively internalized into HeLa cells and degraded in response to blue light, with negligible dark cytotoxicity and high light cytotoxicity. This study highlights the crucial role of competitive coordination interactions in synthesizing functional materials with fluorescence efficiency and photolytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- School of Medical Engineering, Haojing College of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Sicheng Zhai
- School of Medical Engineering, Haojing College of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712083, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Mengke Hao
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712083, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Siqi Su
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712083, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Shuming Li
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712083, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Xuexue Tang
- School of Medical Engineering, Haojing College of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
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Mustafa A, Indiran MA, Ramalingam K, Perumal E, Shanmugham R, Karobari MI. Anticancer potential of thiocolchicoside and lauric acid loaded chitosan nanogel against oral cancer cell lines: a comprehensive study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9270. [PMID: 38649421 PMCID: PMC11035588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study explored the anticancer activity of a Chitosan-based nanogel incorporating thiocolchicoside and lauric acid (CTL) against oral cancer cell lines (KB-1). Cell viability, AO/EtBr dual staining and Cell cycle analysis were done to evaluate the impact of CTL nanogel on oral cancer cells. Real-time PCR was performed to analyze proapoptotic and antiapoptotic gene expression in CTL-treated KB-1 cells. Further, molecular docking analysis was conducted to explore the interaction of our key ingredient, thiocolchicoside and its binding affinities. The CTL nanogel demonstrated potent anticancer activity by inhibiting oral cancer cell proliferation and inducing cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Gene expression analysis indicated alterations in Bax and Bcl-2 genes; CTL nanogel treatment increased Bax mRNA expression and inhibited the Bcl-2 mRNA expression, which showed potential mechanisms of the CTL nanogel's anticancer action. It was found that thiocolchicoside can stabilize the protein's function or restore it as a tumour suppressor. The CTL nanogel exhibited excellent cytotoxicity and potent anticancer effects, making it a potential candidate for non-toxic chemotherapy in cancer nanomedicine. Furthermore, the nanogel's ability to modulate proapoptotic gene expression highlights its potential for targeted cancer therapy. This research contributes to the growing interest in Chitosan-based nanogels and their potential applications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameena Mustafa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Meignana Arumugham Indiran
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Elumalai Perumal
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajeshkumar Shanmugham
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, 12211, Cambodia.
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Kasetsuwan N, Reinprayoon U, Uthaithammarat L, Sereemaspun A, Sae-Liang N, Chaichompoo W, Suksamrarn A. Anti-inflammatory effect of curcuminoids and their analogs in hyperosmotic human corneal limbus epithelial cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:172. [PMID: 38654265 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04448-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the efficacy of curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin [BDC]) and their analogs (tetrahydrocurcumin [THC], tetrahydrodemethoxycurcumin [THDC], tetrahydrobisdemethoxycurcumin) in reducing inflammatory cytokines and their toxicity to primary human corneal limbal epithelial cells, these cells were cultured and exposed to these compounds. METHODS The PrestoBlue assay assessed cell viability after treatment. Anti-inflammatory effects on hyperosmotic cells were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction and significance was gauged using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests, considering p-values < 0.05 as significant. RESULTS Curcuminoids and their analogs, at 1, 10, and 100 µM, exhibited no effect on cell viability compared to controls. However, cyclosporin A 1:500 significantly reduced cell viability more than most curcuminoid treatments, except 100 µM curcumin and BDC. All tested curcuminoids and analogs at these concentrations significantly decreased mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17 A, matrix metallopeptidase-9, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after 90 mM NaCl stimulation compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, proinflammatory cytokine levels from hyperosmotic cells treated with 1, 10, and 100 µM curcumin, 100 µM BDC, 100 µM THC, 1 and 100 µM THDC mirrored those treated with cyclosporin A 1:500. CONCLUSION The anti-inflammatory efficiency of 1 and 10 µM curcumin, 100 µM THC, 1 and 100 µM THDC was comparable to that of cyclosporin A 1:500 while maintaining cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngamjit Kasetsuwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Center of Excellence for Cornea and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Usanee Reinprayoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Ophthalmology, Center of Excellence for Cornea and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lita Uthaithammarat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amornpun Sereemaspun
- Department of Anatomy, Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nutchanart Sae-Liang
- Department of Anatomy, Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Yu LR, Han XZ, Tang YZ, Liu D, Luo XQ, Qiu XW, Feng J, Yuan WX, Ding JY. Activation of the MEK/ERK Pathway Mediates the Inhibitory Effects of Silvestrol on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells via RAP1A, HK2, and GADD45A. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2024; 29:160. [PMID: 38682208 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2904160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Chemoradiotherapy is the mainstream treatment for locally advanced NPC, and chemotherapeutic drugs are an indispensable part of NPC treatment. However, the toxic side-effects of chemotherapy drugs limit their therapeutic value, and new chemotherapy drugs are urgently needed for NPC. Silvestrol, an emerging natural plant anticancer molecule, has shown promising antitumor activity in breast cancer, melanoma, liver cancer, and other tumor types by promoting apoptosis in cancer cells to a greater extent than in normal cells. However, the effects of silvestrol on NPC and its possible molecular mechanisms have yet to be fully explored. METHODS Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), cell scratch, flow cytometry, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), and Western blot (WB) assays were used to evaluate the effects of silvestrol on the cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration of NPC cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to study the effect of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors on the cell transcriptome, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess protein expression levels in patient specimens. RESULTS Silvestrol inhibited cell migration and DNA replication of NPC cells, while promoting the expression of cleaved caspase-3, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, silvestrol altered the level of ERK phosphorylation. The ERK-targeted inhibitor LY3214996 attenuated silvestrol-mediated inhibition of NPC cell proliferation but not migration. Analysis of RNA-Seq data and WB were used to identify and validate the downstream regulatory targets of silvestrol. Expression of GADD45A, RAP1A, and hexokinase-II (HK2) proteins was inhibited by silvestrol and LY3214996. Finally, IHC revealed that GADD45A, RAP1A, and HK2 protein expression was more abundant in cancer tissues than in non-tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS Silvestrol inhibits the proliferation of NPC cells by targeting ERK phosphorylation. However, the inhibition of NPC cell migration by silvestrol was independent of the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway. RAP1A, HK2, and GADD45A may be potential targets for the action of silvestrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Rong Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Xian-Zhong Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, 400014 Chongqing, China
| | - Ying-Zi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, 400014 Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, 400014 Chongqing, China
| | - Xian-Qin Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Xue-Wen Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, 400014 Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, 400014 Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Xiao Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, 400014 Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Yu Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, 400014 Chongqing, China
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CHEN JINGJING, WANG DAN, WANG ZEQUN, HAN MENGYUAN, YIN HOUQING, ZHOU WENTING, YAN RIBAI, PAN YAN. Antitumor effects of a novel photosensitizer-mediated photodynamic therapy and its influence on the cell transcriptome. Oncol Res 2024; 32:911-923. [PMID: 38686054 PMCID: PMC11055994 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.042384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment. This study investigated the antitumor effects and mechanisms of a novel photosensitizer meso-5-[ρ-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid-aminophenyl]-10,15,20-triphenyl-porphyrin (DTP) mediated PDT (DTP-PDT). Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis were measured with a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, DCFH-DA fluorescent probe, and Hoechst staining, respectively. Cell apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins were examined using western blotting. RNA sequencing was used to screen differentially expressed mRNAs (DERs), and bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify the major biological events after DTP-PDT. Our results show that DTP-PDT inhibited cell growth and induced ROS generation in MCF-7 and SGC7901 cells. The ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and the P38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 alleviated DTP-PDT-induced cytotoxicity. DTP-PDT induced cell apoptosis together with upregulated Bax and downregulated Bcl-2, which could also be inhibited by NAC or SB203580. The level of LC3B-II, a marker of autophagy, was increased by DTP-PDT. A total of 3496 DERs were obtained after DTP-PDT. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses indicated that DERs included those involved in cytosolic ribosomes, the nuclear lumen, protein binding, cell cycle, protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum, and ribosomal DNA replication. Disease Ontology and Reactome enrichment analyses indicated that DERs were associated with a variety of cancers and cell cycle checkpoints. Protein-protein interaction results demonstrated that cdk1 and rps27a ranked in the top 10 interacting genes. Therefore, DTP-PDT could inhibit cell growth and induce cell apoptosis and autophagy, partly through ROS and the P38 MAPK signaling pathway. Genes associated with the cell cycle, ribosomes, DNA replication, and protein binding may be the key changes in DTP-PDT-mediated cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- JINGJING CHEN
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - DAN WANG
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - ZEQUN WANG
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - MENGYUAN HAN
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - HOUQING YIN
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - WENTING ZHOU
- Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - RIBAI YAN
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - YAN PAN
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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161
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Sirinyildiz F, Unay S. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and thymoquinone induce apoptosis and alteration in mitochondria in colorectal cancer cells. Med Oncol 2024; 41:123. [PMID: 38652404 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Colon cancer is on the rise in both men and women. In addition to traditional treatment methods, herbal treatments from complementary and alternative medicine are actively followed. Naturally derived from plants, thymoquinone (TQ) has drawn a lot of attention in the field of cancer treatment. MK-801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate agonist, is used to improve memory and plasticity, but it has also lately been explored as a potential cancer treatment. This study aimed to determine the roles of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate agonists and Thymoquinone on mitochondria and apoptosis. HT-29 cells were treated with different TQ and MK-801 concentrations. We analyzed cell viability, apoptosis, and alteration of mitochondria. Cell viability significantly decreased depending on doses of TQ and MK-801. Apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by low and high doses of TQ and MK-801. Our study emphasizes the need for further safety evaluation of MK-801 due to the potential toxicity risk of TQ and MK-801. Optimal and toxic doses of TQ and MK-801 were determined for the treatment of colon cancer. It should be considered as a possibility that colon cancer can be treated with TQ and MK-801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferhat Sirinyildiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Simge Unay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey.
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162
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Liu Q, Jiang HJ, Wu YD, Li JD, Sun XH, Xiao C, Xu JY, Lin ZY. Carrageenan maintains the contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells by increasing macromolecular crowding in vitro. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:249. [PMID: 38650027 PMCID: PMC11036678 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) results in good diastolic and contractile capacities, and its altered function is the main pathophysiological basis for diseases such as hypertension. VSMCs exist as a synthetic phenotype in vitro, making it challenging to maintain a contractile phenotype for research. It is widely recognized that the common medium in vitro is significantly less crowded than in the in vivo environment. Additionally, VSMCs have a heightened sense for detecting changes in medium crowding. However, it is unclear whether macromolecular crowding (MMC) helps maintain the VSMCs contractile phenotype. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the phenotypic, behavioral and gene expression changes of VSMCs after increasing the crowding degree by adding carrageenan (CR). METHODS The degree of medium crowding was examined by a dynamic light scattering assay; VSMCs survival and activity were examined by calcein/PI cell activity and toxicity and CCK-8 assays; VSMCs phenotypes and migration were examined by WB and wound healing assays; and gene expression was examined by transcriptomic analysis and RT-qPCR. RESULTS Notably, 225 μg/mL CR significantly increased the crowding degree of the medium and did not affect cell survival. Simultaneously, CR significantly promoted the contraction phenotypic marker expression in VSMCs, shortened cell length, decreased cell proliferation, and inhibited cell migration. CR significantly altered gene expression in VSMCs. Specifically, 856 genes were upregulated and 1207 genes were downregulated. These alterations primarily affect the cellular ion channel transport, microtubule movement, respiratory metabolism, amino acid transport, and extracellular matrix synthesis. The upregulated genes were primarily involved in the cytoskeleton and contraction processes of VSMCs, whereas the downregulated genes were mainly involved in extracellular matrix synthesis. CONCLUSIONS The in vitro study showed that VSMCs can maintain the contractile phenotype by sensing changes in the crowding of the culture environment, which can be maintained by adding CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Jing Jiang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin-Di Wu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Dong Li
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu-Heng Sun
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Yi Xu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhan-Yi Lin
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Liu Y, Zhao B, He P, Wang Z, Tang K, Mou Z, Tan Y, Wu L, Chen G, Li X, Zhu L, Duan T. Cinnamic Acid: A Low-Toxicity Natural Bidentate Ligand for Uranium Decorporation. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7464-7472. [PMID: 38598182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Uranium accumulation in the kidneys and bones following internal contamination results in severe damage, emphasizing the pressing need for the discovery of actinide decorporation agents with efficient removal of uranium and low toxicity. In this work, cinnamic acid (3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid, CD), a natural aromatic carboxylic acid, is investigated as a potential uranium decorporation ligand. CD demonstrates markedly lower cytotoxicity than that of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), an actinide decorporation agent approved by the FDA, and effectively removes approximately 44.5% of uranyl from NRK-52E cells. More importantly, the results of the prompt administration of the CD solution remove 48.2 and 27.3% of uranyl from the kidneys and femurs of mice, respectively. Assessments of serum renal function reveal the potential of CD to ameliorate uranyl-induced renal injury. Furthermore, the single crystal of CD and uranyl compound (C9H7O2)2·UO2 (denoted as UO2-CD) reveals the formation of uranyl dimers as secondary building units. Thermodynamic analysis of the solution shows that CD coordinates with uranyl to form a 2:1 molar ratio complex at a physiological pH of 7.4. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further show that CD exhibits a significant 7-fold heightened affinity for uranyl binding in comparison to DTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 629000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Pan He
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics & Technology, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zeru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Kui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zhiwei Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Linzhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang 621010, China
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164
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Alves R, Pires A, Jorge J, Balça-Silva J, Gonçalves AC, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB. Batimastat Induces Cytotoxic and Cytostatic Effects in In Vitro Models of Hematological Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4554. [PMID: 38674139 PMCID: PMC11050270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of metalloproteinases (MMPs) in hematological malignancies, like acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), and multiple myeloma (MM), is well-documented, and these pathologies remain with poor outcomes despite treatment advancements. In this study, we investigated the effects of batimastat (BB-94), an MMP inhibitor (MMPi), in single-administration and daily administration schemes in AML, MDS, and MM cell lines. We used four hematologic neoplasia cell lines: the HL-60 and NB-4 cells as AML models, the F36-P cells as an MDS model, and the H929 cells as a model of MM. We also tested batimastat toxicity in a normal human lymphocyte cell line (IMC cells). BB-94 decreases cell viability and density in a dose-, time-, administration-scheme-, and cell-line-dependent manner, with the AML cells displaying higher responses. The efficacy in inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrests is dependent on the cell line (higher effects in AML cells), especially with lower daily doses, which may mitigate treatment toxicity. Furthermore, BB-94 activated apoptosis via caspases and ERK1/2 pathways. These findings highlight batimastat's therapeutic potential in hematological malignancies, with daily dosing emerging as a strategy to minimize adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Alves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.P.); (J.J.); (J.B.-S.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Pires
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.P.); (J.J.); (J.B.-S.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- HistologiX, BioCity, Innovation, Pennyfoot St., Nottingham NG1 1GF, UK
| | - Joana Jorge
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.P.); (J.J.); (J.B.-S.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Balça-Silva
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.P.); (J.J.); (J.B.-S.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- NOVA Medical School, New University of Lisbon, 1150-090 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.P.); (J.J.); (J.B.-S.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (A.P.); (J.J.); (J.B.-S.); (A.B.S.-R.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Hematology Service, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
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165
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Su YS, Cheng MJ, Kwan AL, Huang SP, Tyan YC, Chai CY, Huang B. The crude extract obtained from Cinnamomum macrostemon Hayata regulates oxidative stress and mitophagy in keratinocytes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:529-537. [PMID: 38509025 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Four ethanol fractionated crude extracts (EFCEs [A-D]) purified from the leaves of Cinnamomum macrostemon Hayata were screened for antioxidative effects and mitochondrial function in HaCaT cells. The higher cell viability indicated that EFCE C was mildly toxic. Under the treatment of 50 ng/mL EFCE C, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cytosolic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels were reduced as well as the H2O2-impaired cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP production, and mitochondrial mass. The conversion of globular mitochondria to tubular mitochondria is coincident with EFCE C-restored mitochondrial function. The mitophagy activator rapamycin showed similar effects to EFCE C in recovering the H2O2-impaired cell viability, MMP, ATP production, mitochondrial mass, and also mitophagic proteins such as PINK1, Parkin, LC3 II, and biogenesis protein PGC-1α. We thereby propose the application of EFCE C in the prevention of oxidative stress in skin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Shun Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Cheng
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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166
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Mandal AA, Singh V, Saha S, Peters S, Sadhukhan T, Kushwaha R, Yadav AK, Mandal A, Upadhyay A, Bera A, Dutta A, Koch B, Banerjee S. Green Light-Triggered Photocatalytic Anticancer Activity of Terpyridine-Based Ru(II) Photocatalysts. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7493-7503. [PMID: 38578920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The relentless increase in drug resistance of platinum-based chemotherapeutics has opened the scope for other new cancer therapies with novel mechanisms of action (MoA). Recently, photocatalytic cancer therapy, an intrusive catalytic treatment, is receiving significant interest due to its multitargeting cell death mechanism with high selectivity. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of three photoresponsive Ru(II) complexes, viz., [Ru(ph-tpy)(bpy)Cl]PF6 (Ru1), [Ru(ph-tpy)(phen)Cl]PF6 (Ru2), and [Ru(ph-tpy)(aip)Cl]PF6 (Ru3), where, ph-tpy = 4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, and aip = 2-(anthracen-9-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline, showing photocatalytic anticancer activity. The X-ray crystal structures of Ru1 and Ru2 revealed a distorted octahedral geometry with a RuN5Cl core. The complexes showed an intense absorption band in the 440-600 nm range corresponding to the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) that was further used to achieve the green light-induced photocatalytic anticancer effect. The mitochondria-targeting photostable complex Ru3 induced phototoxicity with IC50 and PI values of ca. 0.7 μM and 88, respectively, under white light irradiation and ca. 1.9 μM and 35 under green light irradiation against HeLa cells. The complexes (Ru1-Ru3) showed negligible dark cytotoxicity toward normal splenocytes (IC50s > 50 μM). The cell death mechanistic study revealed that Ru3 induced ROS-mediated apoptosis in HeLa cells via mitochondrial depolarization under white or green light exposure. Interestingly, Ru3 also acted as a highly potent catalyst for NADH photo-oxidation under green light. This NADH photo-oxidation process also contributed to the photocytotoxicity of the complexes. Overall, Ru3 presented multitargeting synergistic type I and type II photochemotherapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Ali Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Virendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Sukanta Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Silda Peters
- Departmentof Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Tumpa Sadhukhan
- Departmentof Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Rajesh Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Apurba Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Aarti Upadhyay
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Arpan Bera
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Arnab Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Biplob Koch
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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167
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Zhang J, Zha X, Liu G, Zhao H, Liu X, Zha L. Injectable extracellular matrix-mimetic hydrogel based on electrospun Janus fibers. Mater Horiz 2024; 11:1944-1956. [PMID: 38345779 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01789c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
To date, the reported injectable hydrogels have failed to mimic the fibrous architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM), limiting their biological effects on cell growth and phenotype. Additionally, they lack the micro-sized pores present within the ECM, which is unfavorable for the facile transport of nutrients and waste. Herein, an injectable ECM-mimetic hydrogel (IEMH) was fabricated by shortening and dispersing Janus fibers capable of self-curling at body temperature into pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution. The IEMH could be massively prepared through a side-by-side electrospinning process combined with ultraviolet irradiation. The IEMHs with only 5 wt% fibers could undergo sol-gel transition at body temperature to become solid gels with desirable stability, sturdiness, and elasticity and self-healing ability. In addition, they possessed notable pseudoplasticity, which is beneficial to injection at room temperature. The results obtained from characterization analysis via scanning electron microscopy, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicate that their sol-gel transition under physiological conditions stems from the synergistic action of the tight entanglements between thermally-induced self-curling fibers and the hydrophobic interaction between the fibers. An MTT assay using C2C12 myoblast cells was performed to examine the in vitro cytotoxicity of IEMHs for biomedical applications, and the cell viability was found to be more than 95%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xiaolong Zha
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Gengxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Huipeng Zhao
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Liusheng Zha
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Oyer JL, Croom-Perez TJ, Hasan MF, Rivera-Huertas JA, Gitto SB, Mucha JM, Zhu X, Altomare DA, Igarashi RY, Copik AJ. PM21-particle stimulation augmented with cytokines enhances NK cell expansion and confers memory-like characteristics with enhanced survival. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1383281. [PMID: 38711506 PMCID: PMC11070970 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
NK cell therapeutics have gained significant attention as a potential cancer treatment. Towards therapeutic use, NK cells need to be activated and expanded to attain high potency and large quantities for an effective dosage. This is typically done by ex vivo stimulation with cytokines to enhance functionality or expansion for 10-14 days to increase both their activity and quantity. Attaining a robust methodology to produce large doses of potent NK cells for an off-the-shelf product is highly desirable. Notably, past reports have shown that stimulating NK cells with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 endows them with memory-like properties, better anti-tumor activity, and persistence. While this approach produces NK cells with clinically favorable characteristics supported by encouraging early results for the treatment of hematological malignancies, its limited scalability, variability in initial doses, and the necessity for patient-specific production hinder its broader application. In this study, stimulation of NK cells with PM21-particles derived from K562-41BBL-mbIL21 cells was combined with memory-like induction using cytokines IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 to produce NK cells with enhanced anti-tumor function. The use of cytokines combined with PM21-particles (cytokine and particle, CAP) significantly enhanced NK cell expansion, achieving a remarkable 8,200-fold in 14 days. Mechanistically, this significant improvement over expansion with PM21-particles alone was due to the upregulation of receptors for key stimulating ligands (4-1BBL and IL-2), resulting in a synergy that drives substantial NK cell growth, showcasing the potential for more effective therapeutic applications. The therapeutic potential of CAP-NK cells was demonstrated by the enhanced metabolic fitness, persistence, and anti-tumor function both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, CAP-NK cells were amenable to current technologies used in developing therapeutic NK cell products, including CRISPR/Cas9-based techniques to generate a triple-gene knockout or a gene knock-in. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the addition of cytokines enhanced the already effective method of ex vivo generation of therapeutic NK cells with PM21-particles, yielding a superior NK cell product for manufacturing efficiency and potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alicja J. Copik
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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Li P, Wang D, Yang X, Liu C, Li X, Zhang X, Liu K, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Wang C, Wang R. Anti-Tumor Activity and Mechanism of Silibinin Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification. Molecules 2024; 29:1901. [PMID: 38675723 PMCID: PMC11054111 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Silibinin is a flavonoid compound extracted from the seeds of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. It has the functions of liver protection, blood-lipid reduction and anti-tumor effects. However, the potential molecular mechanism of silibinin against tumors is still unknown. This study aimed to assess the anti-tumor effects of silibinin in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC2) cells and Balb/c nude mice, and explore its potential mechanism based on network pharmacology prediction and experimental verification. A total of 347 targets interacting with silibinin were collected, and 75 targets related to the tumor growth process for silibinin were filtrated. Based on the PPI analysis, CASP3, SRC, ESR1, JAK2, PRKACA, HSPA8 and CAT showed stronger interactions with other factors and may be the key targets of silibinin for treating tumors. The predicted target proteins according to network pharmacology were verified using Western blot analysis in ACC2 cells and Balb/c nude mice. In the pharmacological experiment, silibinin was revealed to significantly inhibit viability, proliferation, migration and induce the apoptosis of ACC2 cells in vitro, as well as inhibit the growth and development of tumor tissue in vivo. Western blot analysis showed that silibinin affected the expression of proteins associated with cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis, such as MMP3, JNK, PPARα and JAK. The possible molecular mechanism involved in cancer pathways, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and viral carcinogenesis pathway via the inhibition of CASP3, MMP3, SRC, MAPK10 and CDK6 and the activation of PPARα and JAK. Overall, our results provided insight into the pharmacological mechanisms of silibinin in the treatment of tumors. These results offer a support for the anti-tumor uses of silibinin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihai Li
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Dexu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Xueliang Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Changyu Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Xuanming Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Kechun Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Yun Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Changyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China; (P.L.); (D.W.)
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170
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Chen LC, Lai MC, Hong TY, Liu IM. γ-Oryzanol from Rice Bran Antagonizes Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity in an In Vitro Model of Differentiated HT-22 Cells. Nutrients 2024; 16:1237. [PMID: 38674927 PMCID: PMC11053564 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The excessive activation of glutamate in the brain is a factor in the development of vascular dementia. γ-Oryzanol is a natural compound that has been shown to enhance brain function, but more research is needed to determine its potential as a treatment for vascular dementia. This study investigated if γ-oryzanol can delay or improve glutamate neurotoxicity in an in vitro model of differentiated HT-22 cells and explored its neuroprotective mechanisms. The differentiated HT-22 cells were treated with 0.1 mmol/L glutamate for 24 h then given γ-oryzanol at appropriate concentrations or memantine (10 µmol/L) for another 24 h. Glutamate produced reactive oxygen species and depleted glutathione in the cells, which reduced their viability. Mitochondrial dysfunction was also observed, including the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I activity, the collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and the reduction of intracellular ATP levels in the HT-22 cells. Calcium influx triggered by glutamate subsequently activated type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) in the HT-22 cells. The activation of CaMKII-ASK1-JNK MAP kinase cascade, decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and increased Apaf-1-dependent caspase-9 activation were also observed due to glutamate induction, which were associated with increased DNA fragmentation. These events were attenuated when the cells were treated with γ-oryzanol (0.4 mmol/L) or the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist memantine. The results suggest that γ-oryzanol has potent neuroprotective properties against glutamate excitotoxicity in differentiated HT-22 cells. Therefore, γ-oryzanol could be a promising candidate for the development of therapies for glutamate excitotoxicity-associated neurodegenerative diseases, including vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chai Chen
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (M.-C.L.)
| | - Mei-Chou Lai
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (M.-C.L.)
| | - Tang-Yao Hong
- Department of Environmental Science and Occupational Safety and Hygiene, Graduate School of Environmental Management, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan;
| | - I-Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan; (L.-C.C.); (M.-C.L.)
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171
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Mora N, Rosa M, Touaibia M, Martin LJ. Effects of Red Sorghum-Derived Deoxyanthocyanidins and Their O-β-D-Glucosides on E-Cadherin Promoter Activity in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:1891. [PMID: 38675711 PMCID: PMC11054106 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although much less common than anthocyanins, 3-Deoxyanthocyanidins (3-DAs) and their glucosides can be found in cereals such as red sorghum. It is speculated that their bioavailability is higher than that of anthocyanins. Thus far, little is known regarding the therapeutic effects of 3-DAs and their O-β-D-glucosides on cancer, including prostate cancer. Thus, we evaluated their potential to decrease cell viability, to modulate the activity of transcription factors such as NFκB, CREB, and SOX, and to regulate the expression of the gene CDH1, encoding E-Cadherin. We found that 4',7-dihydroxyflavylium chloride (P7) and the natural apigeninidin can reduce cell viability, whereas 4',7-dihydroxyflavylium chloride (P7) and 4'-hydroxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxyflavylium chloride (P3) increase the activities of NFkB, CREB, and SOX transcription factors, leading to the upregulation of CDH1 promoter activity in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Thus, these compounds may contribute to the inhibition of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells and prevent the metastatic activity of more aggressive forms of androgen-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Mora
- UMR408 INRA–UAPV, SQPO, Qualim, University Avignon, Campus Jean-Henri Fabre, Pôle Agrosciences, 301, Rue Baruch de Spinoza, 84911 Avignon, France; (N.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Maxence Rosa
- UMR408 INRA–UAPV, SQPO, Qualim, University Avignon, Campus Jean-Henri Fabre, Pôle Agrosciences, 301, Rue Baruch de Spinoza, 84911 Avignon, France; (N.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Mohamed Touaibia
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada;
| | - Luc J. Martin
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
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Li S, Ren QJ, Xie CH, Cui Y, Xu LT, Wang YD, Li S, Liang XQ, Wen B, Liang MK, Zhao XF. Taurine attenuates activation of hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting autophagy and inducing ferroptosis. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2143-2154. [PMID: 38681990 PMCID: PMC11045481 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i15.2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a compensatory response during the tissue repair process in chronic liver injury, and finally leads to liver cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis is associated with the progressive accumulation of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which can transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts to produce an excess of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Myofibroblasts are the main source of the excessive ECM responsible for hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs), the principal ECM producing cells in the injured liver, are a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. AIM To explore the effect of taurine on aHSC proliferation and the mechanisms involved. METHODS Human HSCs (LX-2) were randomly divided into five groups: Normal control group, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) (20 ng/mL) treated group, and low, medium, and high dosage of taurine (10 mmol/L, 50 mmol/L, and 100 mmol/L, respectively) with PDGF-BB (20 ng/mL) treated group. Cell Counting Kit-8 method was performed to evaluate the effect of taurine on the viability of aHSCs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to estimate the effect of taurine on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde, glutathione, and iron concentration. Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the effect of taurine on the autophagosomes and ferroptosis features in aHSCs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the effect of taurine on the expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, Fibronectin 1, LC3B, ATG5, Beclin 1, PTGS2, SLC7A11, and p62. RESULTS Taurine promoted the death of aHSCs and reduced the deposition of the ECM. Treatment with taurine could alleviate autophagy in HSCs to inhibit their activation, by decreasing autophagosome formation, downregulating LC3B and Beclin 1 protein expression, and upregulating p62 protein expression. Meanwhile, treatment with taurine triggered ferroptosis and ferritinophagy to eliminate aHSCs characterized by iron overload, lipid ROS accumulation, glutathione depletion, and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that taurine had a direct targeting effect on nuclear receptor coactivator 4, exhibiting the best average binding affinity of -20.99 kcal/mol. CONCLUSION Taurine exerts therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis via mechanisms that involve inhibition of autophagy and trigger of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy in HSCs to eliminate aHSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Department of Basic Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qian-Jun Ren
- Department of Basic Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Can-Hao Xie
- Department of Basic Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yang Cui
- Department of Basic Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li-Tao Xu
- Department of Basic Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi-Dan Wang
- Department of Basic Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Su Li
- Department of Basic Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xing-Qiu Liang
- Department of Science and Technology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Department of Science and Technology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ming-Kun Liang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Specialty Office, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Zhao
- Department of Science and Technology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 541100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Hirasawa H, Aoba K, Miwa N. Acid-Sensitive Outwardly Rectifying Cl - Current in OV2944 Mouse Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2024; 58:172-181. [PMID: 38643508 DOI: 10.33594/000000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Extracellular acidic conditions impair cellular activities; however, some cancer cells drive cellular signaling to adapt to the acidic environment. It remains unclear how ovarian cancer cells sense changes in extracellular pH. This study was aimed at characterizing acid-inducible currents in an ovarian cancer cell line and evaluating the involvement of these currents in cell viability. METHODS The biophysical and pharmacological properties of membrane currents in OV2944, a mouse ovarian cancer cell line, were studied using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Viability of this cell type in acidic medium was evaluated using the MTT assay. RESULTS OV2944 had significant acid-sensitive outwardly rectifying (ASOR) Cl- currents at a pH50 of 5.3. The ASOR current was blocked by pregnenolone sulfate (PS), a steroid ion channel modulator that blocks the ASOR channel as one of its targets. The viability of the cells was reduced after exposure to an acidic medium (pH 5.3) but was slightly restored upon PS administration. CONCLUSION These results offer first evidence for the presence of ASOR Cl- channel in ovarian cancer cells and indicate its involvement in cell viability under acidic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Hirasawa
- Department of Physiology, Saitama Medical University, Moro-hongo 38, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan,
| | - Kayo Aoba
- Department of Physiology, Saitama Medical University, Moro-hongo 38, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naofumi Miwa
- Department of Physiology, Saitama Medical University, Moro-hongo 38, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan,
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Zhu Q, Lu Y, Peng Y, He J, Wei Z, Li Z, Chen Y. [α2-macroglobulin alleviates glucocorticoid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head in mice by promoting proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2024; 44:712-719. [PMID: 38708505 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.04.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism underlying the protective effect of α2-macroglobulin (A2M) against glucocorticoid-induced femoral head necrosis. METHODS In a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) model with injuries induced by gradient concentrations of dexamethasone (DEX; 10-8-10-5 mol/L), the protective effects of A2M at 0.05 and 0.1 mg/mL were assessed by examining the changes in cell viability, migration, and capacity of angiogenesis using CCK-8 assay, Transwell and scratch healing assays and angiogenesis assay. The expressions of CD31 and VEGF-A proteins in the treated cells were detected using Western blotting. In BALB/c mouse models of avascular necrosis of the femoral head induced by intramuscular injections of methylprednisolone, the effects of intervention with A2M on femoral trabecular structure, histopathological characteristics, and CD31 expression were examined with Micro-CT, HE staining and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS In cultured HUVECs, DEX treatment significantly reduced cell viability, migration and angiogenic ability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05), and these changes were obviously reversed by treatment with A2M in positive correlation with A2M concentration (P<0.05). DEX significantly reduced the expression of CD31 and VEGF-A proteins in HUVECs, while treatment with A2M restored CD31 and VEGF-A expressions in the cells (P<0.05). The mouse models of femoral head necrosis showed obvious trabecular damages in the femoral head, where a large number of empty lacunae and hypertrophic fat cells could be seen and CD31 expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). A2M treatment of the mouse models significantly improved trabecular damages, maintained normal bone tissue structures, and increased CD31 expression in the femoral head (P<0.05). CONCLUSION A2M promotes proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of DEX-treated HUVECs and alleviates methylprednisolone-induced femoral head necrosis by improving microcirculation damages and maintaining microcirculation stability in the femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Y Peng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - J He
- Department of Joint Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Z Wei
- Department of Joint Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Bębenek E, Rzepka Z, Hermanowicz JM, Chrobak E, Surażyński A, Beberok A, Wrześniok D. Synthesis, Pharmacokinetic Profile, Anticancer Activity and Toxicity of the New Amides of Betulonic Acid-In Silico and In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4517. [PMID: 38674101 PMCID: PMC11050400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Betulonic acid (B(O)A) is a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpenoid that widely exists in plants. There are scientific reports indicating anticancer activity of B(O)A, as well as the amides and esters of this triterpenoid. In the first step of the study, the synthesis of novel amide derivatives of B(O)A containing an acetylenic moiety was developed. Subsequently, the medium-soluble compounds (EB171 and EB173) and the parent compound, i.e., B(O)A, were investigated for potential cytotoxic activity against breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and melanoma (C32, COLO 829 and A375) cell lines, as well as normal human fibroblasts. Screening analysis using the WST-1 test was applied. Moreover, the lipophilicity and ADME parameters of the obtained derivatives were determined using experimental and in silico methods. The toxicity assay using zebrafish embryos and larvae was also performed. The study showed that the compound EB171 exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines: MCF-7, A-375 and COLO 829, while it did not affect the survival of normal cells. Moreover, studies on embryos and larvae showed no toxicity of EB171 in an animal model. Compared to EB171, the compound EB173 had a weaker effect on all tested cancer cell lines and produced less desirable effects against normal cells. The results of the WST-1 assay obtained for B(O)A revealed its strong cytotoxic activity on the examined cancer cell lines, but also on normal cells. In conclusion, this article describes new derivatives of betulonic acid-from synthesis to biological properties. The results allowed to indicate a promising direction for the functionalization of B(O)A to obtain derivatives with selective anticancer activity and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Bębenek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 4 Jagiellońska, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (E.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Zuzanna Rzepka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 4 Jagiellońska, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (Z.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elwira Chrobak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 4 Jagiellońska, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (E.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Arkadiusz Surażyński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Artur Beberok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 4 Jagiellońska, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (Z.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Dorota Wrześniok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 4 Jagiellońska, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (Z.R.); (A.B.)
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Kong C, Wang K, Sun L, Zhao H, Wang T, Zhou W, Wu D, Xu F. Novel Carbon Dots Derived from Moutan Cortex Significantly Improve the Solubility and Bioavailability of Mangiferin. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3611-3622. [PMID: 38660022 PMCID: PMC11041979 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s456053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mangiferin (MA), a bioactive C-glucosyl xanthone with a wide range of interesting therapeutic properties, has recently attracted considerable attention. However, its application in biomedicine is limited by poor solubility and bioavailability. Carbon dots (CDs), novel nanomaterials, have immense promise as carriers for improving the biopharmaceutical properties of active components because of their outstanding characteristics. Methods In this study, a novel water-soluble carbon dot (MC-CDs) was prepared for the first time from an aqueous extract of Moutan Cortex Carbonisata, and characterized by various spectroscopies, zeta potential and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The toxicity effect was investigated using the CCK-8 assay in vitro. In addition, the potential of MC-CDs as carriers for improving the pharmacokinetic parameters was evaluated in vivo. Results The results indicated that MC-CDs with a uniform spherical particle size of 1-5 nm were successfully prepared, which significantly increased the solubility of MA in water. The MC-CDs exhibited low toxicity in HT-22 cells. Most importantly, the MC-CDs effectively affected the pharmacokinetic parameters of MA in normal rats. UPLC-MS analysis indicated that the area under the maximum blood concentration of MA from mangiferin-MC-CDs (MA-MC-CDs) was 1.6-fold higher than that from the MA suspension liquid (MA control) after oral administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Conclusion Moutan Cortex-derived novel CDs exhibited superior performance in improving the solubility and bioavailability of MA. This study not only opens new possibilities for the future clinical application of MA but also provides evidence for the development of green biological carbon dots as a drug delivery system to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of insoluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuihao Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of New Manufacturing Technology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaidi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of New Manufacturing Technology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical Co. LTD, Hangzhou, 310052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongsu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of New Manufacturing Technology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongsheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wuxi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deling Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of New Manufacturing Technology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengqing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of New Manufacturing Technology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
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Vajda F, Szepesi Á, Erdei Z, Szabó E, Várady G, Kiss D, Héja L, Német K, Szakács G, Füredi A. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increase Drug Tolerance of A431 Cells Only in 3D Spheroids, Not in 2D Co-Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4515. [PMID: 38674102 PMCID: PMC11049889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an integral part of the tumor microenvironment (TME); however, their role is somewhat controversial: conflicting reports suggest that, depending on the stage of tumor development, MSCs can either support or suppress tumor growth and spread. Additionally, the influence of MSCs on drug resistance is also ambiguous. Previously, we showed that, despite MSCs proliferating significantly more slowly than cancer cells, there are chemotherapeutic drugs which proved to be similarly toxic to both cell types. Here we established 2D co-cultures and 3D co-culture spheroids from different ratios of GFP-expressing, adipose tissue-derived MSCs and A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells tagged with mCherry to investigate the effect of MSCs on cancer cell growth, survival, and drug sensitivity. We examined the cytokine secretion profile of mono- and co-cultures, explored the inner structure of the spheroids, applied MSC-(nutlin-3) and cancer cell-targeting (cisplatin) treatments separately, monitored the response with live-cell imaging and identified a new, double-fluorescent cell type emerging from these cultures. In 2D co-cultures, no effect on proliferation or drug sensitivity was observed, regardless of the changes in cytokine secretion induced by the co-culture. Conversely, 3D spheroids developed a unique internal structure consisting of MSCs, which significantly improved cancer cell survival and resilience to treatment, suggesting that physical proximity and cell-cell connections are required for MSCs to considerably affect nearby cancer cells. Our results shed light on MSC-cancer cell interactions and could help design new, better treatment options for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flóra Vajda
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Edit Szabó
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Várady
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Kiss
- John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics, Óbuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Héja
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Gergely Szakács
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - András Füredi
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
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178
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Abreu H, Lallukka M, Miola M, Spriano S, Vernè E, Raineri D, Leigheb M, Ronga M, Cappellano G, Chiocchetti A. Human T-Cell Responses to Metallic Ion-Doped Bioactive Glasses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4501. [PMID: 38674086 PMCID: PMC11050560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials are extensively used as replacements for damaged tissue with bioactive glasses standing out as bone substitutes for their intrinsic osteogenic properties. However, biomaterial implantation has the following risks: the development of implant-associated infections and adverse immune responses. Thus, incorporating metallic ions with known antimicrobial properties can prevent infection, but should also modulate the immune response. Therefore, we selected silver, copper and tellurium as doping for bioactive glasses and evaluated the immunophenotype and cytokine profile of human T-cells cultured on top of these discs. Results showed that silver significantly decreased cell viability, copper increased the T helper (Th)-1 cell percentage while decreasing that of Th17, while tellurium did not affect either cell viability or immune response, as evaluated via multiparametric flow cytometry. Multiplex cytokines assay showed that IL-5 levels were decreased in the copper-doped discs, compared with its undoped control, while IL-10 tended to be lower in the doped glass, compared with the control (plastic) while undoped condition showed lower expression of IL-13 and increased MCP-1 and MIP-1β secretion. Overall, we hypothesized that the Th1/Th17 shift, and specific cytokine expression indicated that T-cells might cross-activate other cell types, potentially macrophages and eosinophils, in response to the scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Abreu
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (H.A.); (D.R.); (M.L.); (M.R.); (A.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mari Lallukka
- Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Marta Miola
- Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Silvia Spriano
- Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Enrica Vernè
- Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.M.); (S.S.); (E.V.)
| | - Davide Raineri
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (H.A.); (D.R.); (M.L.); (M.R.); (A.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Leigheb
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (H.A.); (D.R.); (M.L.); (M.R.); (A.C.)
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, “Maggiore della Carità” Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Ronga
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (H.A.); (D.R.); (M.L.); (M.R.); (A.C.)
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, “Maggiore della Carità” Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (H.A.); (D.R.); (M.L.); (M.R.); (A.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (H.A.); (D.R.); (M.L.); (M.R.); (A.C.)
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Omer S, Pathak S, Mansour M, Nadar R, Bowen D, Dhanasekaran M, Pondugula SR, Boothe D. Effects of Cannabidiol, ∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, and WIN 55-212-22 on the Viability of Canine and Human Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Lines. Biomolecules 2024; 14:495. [PMID: 38672512 PMCID: PMC11047936 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we demonstrated the impact of overexpression of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and the inhibitory effect of endocannabinoids (2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and Anandamide (AEA)) on canine (Canis lupus familiaris) and human (Homo sapiens) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cell lines' viability compared to cells treated with a vehicle. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the anti-cancer effects of the phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55-212-22 (WIN) in canine and human lymphoma cell lines and to compare their inhibitory effect to that of endocannabinoids. We used malignant canine B-cell lymphoma (BCL) (1771 and CLB-L1) and T-cell lymphoma (TCL) (CL-1) cell lines, and human BCL cell line (RAMOS). Our cell viability assay results demonstrated, compared to the controls, a biphasic effect (concentration range from 0.5 μM to 50 μM) with a significant reduction in cancer viability for both phytocannabinoids and the synthetic cannabinoid. However, the decrease in cell viability in the TCL CL-1 line was limited to CBD. The results of the biochemical analysis using the 1771 BCL cell line revealed a significant increase in markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and a decrease in markers of mitochondrial function in cells treated with the exogenous cannabinoids compared to the control. Based on the IC50 values, CBD was the most potent phytocannabinoid in reducing lymphoma cell viability in 1771, Ramos, and CL-1. Previously, we demonstrated the endocannabinoid AEA to be more potent than 2-AG. Our study suggests that future studies should use CBD and AEA for further cannabinoid testing as they might reduce tumor burden in malignant NHL of canines and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Omer
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Suhrud Pathak
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Mahmoud Mansour
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Dylan Bowen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Satyanarayana R. Pondugula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Dawn Boothe
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
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Abid I, Moslah W, Cojean S, Imbert N, Loiseau PM, Chamayou A, Srairi-Abid N, Calvet R, Baltas M. The Synthesis of 2'-Hydroxychalcones under Ball Mill Conditions and Their Biological Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:1819. [PMID: 38675640 PMCID: PMC11054009 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are polyphenols that belong to the flavonoids family, known for their broad pharmacological properties. They have thus attracted the attention of chemists for their obtention and potential activities. In our study, a library of compounds from 2'-hydroxychalcone's family was first synthesized. A one-step mechanochemical synthesis via Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction under ball mill conditions was studied, first in a model reaction between a 5'-fluoro-2'-hydroxyacetophenone and 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde. The reaction was optimized in terms of catalysts, ratio of reagents, reaction time, and influence of additives. Among all assays, we retained the best one, which gave the highest yield of 96% when operating in the presence of 1 + 1 eq. of substituted benzaldehyde and 2 eq. of KOH under two grinding cycles of 30 min. Thus, this protocol was adopted for the synthesis of the selected library of 2'-hydroxychalcones derivatives. The biological activities of 17 compounds were then assessed against Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania donovani parasite development, as well as IGR-39 melanoma cell lines by inhibiting their viability and proliferation. Compounds 6 and 11 are the most potent against L. donovani, exhibiting IC50 values of 2.33 µM and 2.82 µM, respectively, better than the reference drug Miltefosine (3.66 µM). Compound 15 presented the most interesting antimalarial activity against the 3D7 strain, with IC50 = 3.21 µM. Finally, chalcone 12 gave the best result against IGR-39 melanoma cell lines, with an IC50 value of 12 µM better than the reference drug Dacarbazine (IC50 = 25 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Abid
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), UPR CNRS 8241, Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Inserm ERL 1289, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, CEDEX 4, F-31077 Toulouse, France;
- Centre RAPSODEE (Recherche d’Albi en génie des Procédés des SOlides Divisés, de l’Energie et de l’Environnement), IMT Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Université de Toulouse, Campus Jarlard, Allée des Sciences, CEDEX 09, F-81013 Albi, France;
| | - Wassim Moslah
- Laboratoire des Biomolecules, Venins et Applications Théranostiques (LR20IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis-ElManar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (W.M.); (N.S.-A.)
| | - Sandrine Cojean
- BioCIS (Biomolécules: Conception, Isolement et Synthèse), UMR CNRS 8076, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France; (S.C.); (N.I.); (P.M.L.)
- National Malaria Reference Centre, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat—Claude Bernard, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Imbert
- BioCIS (Biomolécules: Conception, Isolement et Synthèse), UMR CNRS 8076, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France; (S.C.); (N.I.); (P.M.L.)
| | - Philippe M. Loiseau
- BioCIS (Biomolécules: Conception, Isolement et Synthèse), UMR CNRS 8076, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France; (S.C.); (N.I.); (P.M.L.)
| | - Alain Chamayou
- Centre RAPSODEE (Recherche d’Albi en génie des Procédés des SOlides Divisés, de l’Energie et de l’Environnement), IMT Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Université de Toulouse, Campus Jarlard, Allée des Sciences, CEDEX 09, F-81013 Albi, France;
| | - Najet Srairi-Abid
- Laboratoire des Biomolecules, Venins et Applications Théranostiques (LR20IPT01), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis-ElManar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (W.M.); (N.S.-A.)
| | - Rachel Calvet
- Centre RAPSODEE (Recherche d’Albi en génie des Procédés des SOlides Divisés, de l’Energie et de l’Environnement), IMT Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Université de Toulouse, Campus Jarlard, Allée des Sciences, CEDEX 09, F-81013 Albi, France;
| | - Michel Baltas
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), UPR CNRS 8241, Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Inserm ERL 1289, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, CEDEX 4, F-31077 Toulouse, France;
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181
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Dogra S, Koul B, Singh J, Mishra M, Yadav D. Phytochemical Analysis, Antimicrobial Screening and In Vitro Pharmacological Activity of Artemisia vestita Leaf Extract. Molecules 2024; 29:1829. [PMID: 38675649 PMCID: PMC11054168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Artemisia vestita Wall. Ex Besser is a folklore medicinal plant that belongs to Asteraceae family and a treasure trove of drugs. The aim of this research study was to investigate the phytoconstituents, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity and wound healing potential of A. vestita leaf extract (ALE). Phytochemical analysis of the ALE was carried out by Soxhlet extraction and GCMS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis. Antimicrobial activity was performed by the agar well diffusion method against selected bacterial and fungal strains. Free radical scavenging potential was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was performed by enzyme inhibition assay-COXII. The cytotoxicity of ALE on HaCaT cells was studied via MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. An in vitro scratch assay was performed for the evaluation of the wound healing property of ALE. It showed satisfactory antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (14.2 ± 0.28 mm), Escherichia coli (17.6 ± 0.52 mm), Bacillus subtilis (13.1 ± 0.37 mm), Streptococcus pyogenes (17.3 ± 0.64 mm), Proteus mirabilis (9.4 ± 0.56 mm), Aspergillus niger (12.7 ± 0.53 mm), Aspergilus flavus (15.3 ± 0.25 mm) and Candida albicans (17.6 ± 0.11 mm). In ALE, 36 phytochemicals were detected by GCMS analysis, but 22 were dominant. Moreover, the ALE was effective in scavenging free radicals with different assays and exhibited reasonable anti-inflammatory activity. The MTT assay revealed that ALE had a cytotoxic effect on the HaCaT cells. The scratch assay showed 94.6% wound closure (after 24 h incubation) compared to the positive control Cipladine, which is remarkable wound healing activity. This is the first report on the wound healing property of A. vestita, which can serve as a potential agent for wound healing and extends knowledge on its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Dogra
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India;
| | - Bhupendra Koul
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Zunheboto 798627, Zunheboto, India;
| | - Meerambika Mishra
- Department of Infectious Disease and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Marzi A, Eder KM, Barroso Á, Kemper B, Schnekenburger J. Quantitative Phase Imaging as Sensitive Screening Method for Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity Assessment. Cells 2024; 13:697. [PMID: 38667312 PMCID: PMC11049110 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The assessment of nanoparticle cytotoxicity is challenging due to the lack of customized and standardized guidelines for nanoparticle testing. Nanoparticles, with their unique properties, can interfere with biochemical test methods, so multiple tests are required to fully assess their cellular effects. For a more reliable and comprehensive assessment, it is therefore imperative to include methods in nanoparticle testing routines that are not affected by particles and allow for the efficient integration of additional molecular techniques into the workflow. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM), an interferometric variant of quantitative phase imaging (QPI), has been demonstrated as a promising method for the label-free assessment of the cytotoxic potential of nanoparticles. Due to minimal interactions with the sample, DHM allows for further downstream analyses. In this study, we investigated the capabilities of DHM in a multimodal approach to assess cytotoxicity by directly comparing DHM-detected effects on the same cell population with two downstream biochemical assays. Therefore, the dry mass increase in RAW 264.7 macrophages and NIH-3T3 fibroblast populations measured by quantitative DHM phase contrast after incubation with poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles for 24 h was compared to the cytotoxic control digitonin, and cell culture medium control. Viability was then determined using a metabolic activity assay (WST-8). Moreover, to determine cell death, supernatants were analyzed for the release of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH assay). In a comparative analysis, in which the average half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of the nanocarriers on the cells was determined, DHM was more sensitive to the effect of the nanoparticles on the used cell lines compared to the biochemical assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marzi
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstraße 17, D-48149 Muenster, Germany; (K.M.E.); (Á.B.); (B.K.)
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Al-Ghamdi AR, Rahman S, Al-Wabli RI, Al-Mutairi MS, Rahman AFMM. Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, and Photophysical Investigations of 2-Amino-4,6-diphenylnicotinonitriles: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. Molecules 2024; 29:1808. [PMID: 38675628 PMCID: PMC11055175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present a comprehensive investigation of 2-amino-4,6-diphenylnicotinonitriles (APNs, 1-6), including their synthesis, cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines, and photophysical properties. Compound 3 demonstrates exceptional cytotoxicity, surpassing the potency of Doxorubicin. The fluorescence spectra of the synthesized 1-6 in different solvents reveal solvent-dependent shifts in the emission maximum values, highlighting the influence of the solvent environment on their fluorescence properties. A quantum chemical TD-DFT analysis provides insights into the electronic structure and fluorescence behavior of 1-6, elucidating HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, electronegativity values, and dipole moments, contributing to a deeper understanding of their electronic properties and potential reactivity. These findings provide valuable knowledge for the development of APNs (1-6) as fluorescent sensors and potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alwah R. Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.R.A.-G.); (R.I.A.-W.); (M.S.A.-M.)
| | - Shofiur Rahman
- College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Reem I. Al-Wabli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.R.A.-G.); (R.I.A.-W.); (M.S.A.-M.)
| | - Maha S. Al-Mutairi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.R.A.-G.); (R.I.A.-W.); (M.S.A.-M.)
| | - A. F. M. Motiur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.R.A.-G.); (R.I.A.-W.); (M.S.A.-M.)
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184
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Yang C, Ge L, Yu X, Lazarovici P, Zheng W. Artemisinin Confers Cytoprotection toward Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cell Apoptosis in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells in Correlation with the Increased Acetylation of Histone H4 at Lysine 8. Molecules 2024; 29:1789. [PMID: 38675608 PMCID: PMC11051841 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress is one of the critical pathologies inducing age-related macular degeneration (AMD), characterized by retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell damage and death. The unbalanced acetylation and deacetylation of histones have been implicated in AMD pathogenesis or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell damage. Therefore, strategies aimed at controlling the balance between acetylation and deacetylation may effectively protect RPE cells from oxidative damage. Artemisinin is an antimalarial lactone drug derived from Artemisia annua, with antioxidant activity known to modulate histone acetylation in the brain, but its effect on the retina is unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether Artemisinin exerts a cytoprotective effect on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in RPE cells by regulating histone acetylation. We hypothesized that Artemisinin confers cytoprotection toward H2O2-induced apoptosis in RPE cells through this mechanism. In the present study, we found that Artemisinin at a sub-clinic dosage of 20 μM inhibited the H2O2-induced cell viability decrease and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein level decrease and attenuated the H2O2-induced decrease in the histone H4 lysine (Lys) 8 acetylation [Acetyl-H4 (Lys 8)] level in the retinal RPE cell line D407. As expected, histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A at the concentration of 250 nM increased the Acetyl-H4 (Lys 8) level in D407 cells and attenuated the H2O2-induced cell viability decrease and apoptosis. Similar findings were obtained using adult RPE (ARPE)19 cells, another human RPE cell line, and primary human RPE cell cultures. In conclusion, these results confirmed our hypothesis and indicated that Artemisinin attenuated H2O2-induced apoptosis in apparent correlation with the increase in the Acetyl-H4 (Lys 8) level, which is associated with gene transcription and cell survival. By modulating histone acetylation, Artemisinin may restore the balance between acetylation and deacetylation and enhance the resistance and survival of RPE cells under oxidative stress. Our study provides novel mechanistic insights into the effect of Artemisinin on histone acetylation and apoptosis in RPE cells and supports the potential application of Artemisinin in the prevention and/or treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China; (C.Y.); (L.G.)
| | - Lijun Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China; (C.Y.); (L.G.)
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xiyong Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China;
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel;
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China; (C.Y.); (L.G.)
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai 519000, China
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185
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Alanazi NAH, Alamri AA, Mashlawi AM, Almuzaini N, Mohamed G, Salama SA. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Chemical Profiling of Commiphora myrrha Resin Extracts and Evaluation of Larvicidal, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:1778. [PMID: 38675598 PMCID: PMC11051918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts and essential oils can be alternative environmentally friendly agents to combat pathogenic microbes and malaria vectors. Myrrh is an aromatic oligum resin that is extracted from the stem of Commiphora spp. It is used in medicine as an insecticide, cytotoxic, and aromatic. The current study assessed the effect of Commiphora myrrha resin extracts on the biological potency of the third larval stage of Aedes aegypti, as well as its antioxidant and cytotoxic properties against two types of tumor cells (HepG-2 and Hela cell lines). It also used GC-MS to determine the chemical composition of the C. myrrha resin extracts. Fifty components from the extracted plant were tentatively identified using the GC-MS method, with curzerene (33.57%) typically listed as the primary ingredient, but other compounds also make up a significant portion of the mixture, including 1-Methoxy-3,4,5,7-tetramethylnaphthalene (15.50%), β-Elemene (5.80%), 2-Methoxyfuranodiene (5.42%), 2-Isopropyl-4,7-Dimethyl-1-Naphthol (4.71%), and germacrene B (4.35%). The resin extracts obtained from C. myrrha exhibited significant efficacy in DPPH antioxidant activity, as evidenced by an IC50 value of 26.86 mg/L and a radical scavenging activity percentage of 75.06%. The 50% methanol extract derived from C. myrrha resins exhibited heightened potential for anticancer activity. It demonstrated substantial cytotoxicity against HepG-2 and Hela cells, with IC50 values of 39.73 and 29.41 µg mL-1, respectively. Notably, the extract showed non-cytotoxic activity against WI-38 normal cells, with an IC50 value exceeding 100 µg mL-1. Moreover, the selectivity index for HepG-2 cancer cells (2.52) was lower compared to Hela cancer cells (3.40). Additionally, MeOH resin extracts were more efficient against the different growth stages of the mosquito A. aegypti, with lower LC50, LC90, and LC95 values of 251.83, 923.76, and 1293.35 mg/L, respectively. In comparison to untreated groups (1454 eggs/10 females), the average daily number of eggs deposited (424 eggs/L) decreases at higher doses (1000 mg/L). Finally, we advise continued study into the possible use of C. myrrha resins against additional pests that have medical and veterinary value, and novel chemicals from this extract should be isolated and purified for use in medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimah Asid H. Alanazi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.H.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Abdullah A. Alamri
- Physical Sciences Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Nanotechnology Research Unit, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abadi M. Mashlawi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Almuzaini
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.H.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Gamal Mohamed
- Human Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Salama A. Salama
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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186
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Mallamaci R, Musarò D, Greco M, Caponio A, Castellani S, Munir A, Guerra L, Damato M, Fracchiolla G, Coppola C, Cardone RA, Rashidi M, Tardugno R, Sergio S, Trapani A, Maffia M. Dopamine- and Grape-Seed-Extract-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Interaction Studies between Particles and Differentiated SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease. Molecules 2024; 29:1774. [PMID: 38675592 PMCID: PMC11051794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, primarily associated with dopaminergic neuron depletion in the Substantia Nigra. Current treatment focuses on compensating for dopamine (DA) deficiency, but the blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses challenges for effective drug delivery. Using differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, we investigated the co-administration of DA and the antioxidant Grape Seed Extract (GSE) to study the cytobiocompability, the cytoprotection against the neurotoxin Rotenone, and their antioxidant effects. For this purpose, two solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulations, DA-co-GSE-SLNs and GSE-ads-DA-SLNs, were synthesized. Such SLNs showed mean particle sizes in the range of 187-297 nm, zeta potential values in the range of -4.1--9.7 mV, and DA association efficiencies ranging from 35 to 82%, according to the formulation examined. The results showed that DA/GSE-SLNs did not alter cell viability and had a cytoprotective effect against Rotenone-induced toxicity and oxidative stress. In addition, this study also focused on the evaluation of Alpha-synuclein (aS) levels; SLNs showed the potential to modulate the Rotenone-mediated increase in aS levels. In conclusion, our study investigated the potential of SLNs as a delivery system for addressing PD, also representing a promising approach for enhanced delivery of pharmaceutical and antioxidant molecules across the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Mallamaci
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.M.); (L.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Debora Musarò
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Via Lecce—Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Marco Greco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Via Lecce—Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Antonello Caponio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy or (A.C.); (G.F.); (R.T.)
| | - Stefano Castellani
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Anas Munir
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Lecce—Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy (C.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Guerra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.M.); (L.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Marina Damato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Lecce—Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy or (A.C.); (G.F.); (R.T.)
| | - Chiara Coppola
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Lecce—Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy (C.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.M.); (L.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Mehdi Rashidi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Lecce—Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy (C.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Roberta Tardugno
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy or (A.C.); (G.F.); (R.T.)
| | - Sara Sergio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Via Lecce—Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (D.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Adriana Trapani
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy or (A.C.); (G.F.); (R.T.)
| | - Michele Maffia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Lecce—Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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187
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Chen J, Zhang J, Cai L, Guo L, Cai Z, Han H, Zhang W. Cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol Induces Multiple Cell Death in A549 Cells via ER Stress and Autophagy Activation. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:174. [PMID: 38667791 PMCID: PMC11051220 DOI: 10.3390/md22040174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (CT) and its analogues are abundant in natural sources and are reported to demonstrate cytotoxicity toward different kinds of tumor cells without a deep probe into their mechanism of action. CT is also one of the major metabolic oxysterols of cholesterol in mammals and is found to accumulate in various diseases. An extensive exploration of the biological roles of CT over the past few decades has established its identity as an apoptosis inducer. In this study, the effects of CT on A549 cell death were investigated through cell viability assays. RNA-sequencing analysis and western blot of CT-treated A549 cells revealed the role of CT in inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and enhancing autophagy flux, suggesting a putative mechanism of CT-induced cell-death activation involving reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated ER stress and autophagy. It is reported for the first time that the upregulation of autophagy induced by CT can serve as a cellular cytotoxicity response in accelerating CT-induced cell death in A549 cells. This research provides evidence for the effect of CT as an oxysterol in cell response to oxidative damage and allows for a deep understanding of cholesterol in its response in an oxidative stress environment that commonly occurs in the progression of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Chen
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jieping Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lijuan Cai
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Li Guo
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenyu Cai
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hua Han
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, 56 Kang-Da Road, Ningbo 315832, China
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188
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Valverde TM, dos Santos VMR, Viana PIM, Costa GMJ, de Goes AM, Sousa LRD, Xavier VF, Vieira PMDA, de Lima Silva D, Domingues RZ, Ferreira JMDF, Andrade ÂL. Novel Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles with Bioactive Glass-Naproxen Coating: Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Bioactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4270. [PMID: 38673856 PMCID: PMC11049812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune response to biomaterials, which is intimately related to their surface properties, can produce chronic inflammation and fibrosis, leading to implant failure. This study investigated the development of magnetic nanoparticles coated with silica and incorporating the anti-inflammatory drug naproxen, aimed at multifunctional biomedical applications. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques that confirmed the presence of magnetite and the formation of a silica-rich bioactive glass (BG) layer. In vitro studies demonstrated that the nanoparticles exhibited bioactive properties, forming an apatite surface layer when immersed in simulated body fluid, and biocompatibility with bone cells, with good viability and alkaline phosphatase activity. Naproxen, either free or encapsulated, reduced nitric oxide production, an inflammatory marker, while the BG coating alone did not show anti-inflammatory effects in this study. Overall, the magnetic nanoparticles coated with BG and naproxen showed promise for biomedical applications, especially anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages and in the bone field, due to their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Marcolan Valverde
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (T.M.V.); (P.I.M.V.); (G.M.J.C.)
| | - Viviane Martins Rebello dos Santos
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas (ICEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (V.M.R.d.S.); (D.d.L.S.)
| | - Pedro Igor Macário Viana
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (T.M.V.); (P.I.M.V.); (G.M.J.C.)
| | - Guilherme Mattos Jardim Costa
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (T.M.V.); (P.I.M.V.); (G.M.J.C.)
| | - Alfredo Miranda de Goes
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Lucas Resende Dutra Sousa
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (V.F.X.)
| | - Viviane Flores Xavier
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (V.F.X.)
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
- Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Daniel de Lima Silva
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas (ICEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (V.M.R.d.S.); (D.d.L.S.)
| | - Rosana Zacarias Domingues
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas (ICEx), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - José Maria da Fonte Ferreira
- Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Cerâmica, CICECO, Universidade de Aveiro (UA), 3810193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Ângela Leão Andrade
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas (ICEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (V.M.R.d.S.); (D.d.L.S.)
- Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Cerâmica, CICECO, Universidade de Aveiro (UA), 3810193 Aveiro, Portugal;
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189
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Ko HJ, Park SY, Sim DY, Kim SH, Hur S, Lee JH, Kim Y. Apoptotic Effect of Isoimpertorin via Inhibition of c-Myc and SIRT1 Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4248. [PMID: 38673833 PMCID: PMC11050721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Though Isoimperatorin from Angelicae dahuricae is known to have antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects, its underlying antitumor mechanism remains elusive so far. Hence, the apoptotic mechanism of Isoimperatorin was explored in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). In this study, Isoimperatorin inhibited the viability of Huh7 and Hep3B HCCs and increased the subG1 apoptotic portion and also abrogated the expression of pro-poly-ADP ribose polymerase (pro-PARP) and pro-caspase 3 in Huh7 and Hep3B cells. Also, Isoimperatorin abrogated the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6 and increased p21 as G1 phase arrest-related proteins in Huh7 and Hep3B cells. Interestingly, Isoimperatorin reduced the expression and binding of c-Myc and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) by Immunoprecipitation (IP), with a binding score of 0.884 in Huh7 cells. Furthermore, Isoimperatorin suppressed the overexpression of c-Myc by the proteasome inhibitor MG132 and also disturbed cycloheximide-treated c-Myc stability in Huh7 cells. Overall, these findings support the novel evidence that the pivotal role of c-Myc and SIRT1 is critically involved in Isoimperatorin-induced apoptosis in HCCs as potent molecular targets in liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.); (S.-Y.P.); (D.Y.S.); (S.-H.K.); (S.H.); (J.-H.L.)
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190
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Mosca L, Pagano C, Tranchese RV, Grillo R, Cadoni F, Navarra G, Coppola L, Pagano M, Mele L, Cacciapuoti G, Laezza C, Porcelli M. Antitumoral Activity of the Universal Methyl Donor S-Adenosylmethionine in Glioblastoma Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:1708. [PMID: 38675528 PMCID: PMC11052366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and lethal brain cancer in adults, is characterized by short survival times and high mortality rates. Due to the resistance of GBM cells to conventional therapeutic treatments, scientific interest is focusing on the search for alternative and efficient adjuvant treatments. S-Adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), the well-studied physiological methyl donor, has emerged as a promising anticancer compound and a modulator of multiple cancer-related signaling pathways. We report here for the first time that AdoMet selectively inhibited the viability and proliferation of U87MG, U343MG, and U251MG GBM cells. In these cell lines, AdoMet induced S and G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and downregulated the expression and activation of proteins involved in homologous recombination DNA repair, including RAD51, BRCA1, and Chk1. Furthermore, AdoMet was able to maintain DNA in a damaged state, as indicated by the increased γH2AX/H2AX ratio. AdoMet promoted mitotic catastrophe through inhibiting Aurora B kinase expression, phosphorylation, and localization causing GBM cells to undergo mitotic catastrophe-induced death. Finally, AdoMet inhibited DNA repair and induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and mitotic catastrophe in patient-derived GBM cells. In light of these results, AdoMet could be considered a potential adjuvant in GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mosca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Cristina Pagano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (G.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Roberta Veglia Tranchese
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Roberta Grillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesca Cadoni
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Giovanna Navarra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (G.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Coppola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.P.); (G.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Martina Pagano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Luigi Mele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Cacciapuoti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marina Porcelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.M.); (R.V.T.); (R.G.); (F.C.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
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Dzięgelewska-Sokołowska Ż, Majewska A, Szopa I, Gajewska M. Chemerin Stimulates the Secretory Activity of BME-UV1 Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4147. [PMID: 38673732 PMCID: PMC11050135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an active endocrine gland, synthesizing and secreting multiple signaling molecules termed adipokines. Following the detection of adipokines and their receptors in the mammary tissue of various species, it is indicated that adipokines play a role in the development of the mammary gland. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentration-dependent influence of three adipokines, leptin, adiponectin, and chemerin, on the viability, apoptosis, and secretory activity of BME-UV1 bovine mammary epithelial cells. The study confirmed that BME-UV1 cells contain the leptin receptor (Ob-R) protein, and express transcripts of adiponectin (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2) and chemerin (CMLKR1 and GPR1) receptors. Regardless of the administered dose, none of the three tested adipokines had an effect on the viability of BME-UV1 cells, and the number of apoptotic cells remained unchanged. However, chemerin (100 ng/mL) stimulated BME-UV1 cells to synthesize and secrete αS1-casein, the major protein component of milk. These results indicate that chemerin may be a potent regulator of the bovine mammary epithelial cells' functional differentiation, contributing, along with the major systemic hormones and local growth factors, to the development of the bovine mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Małgorzata Gajewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159b, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (Ż.D.-S.); (A.M.); (I.S.)
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192
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Tarbeeva DV, Pislyagin EA, Menchinskaya ES, Berdyshev DV, Krylova NV, Iunikhina OV, Kalinovskiy AI, Shchelkanov MY, Mishchenko NP, Aminin DL, Fedoreyev SA. Polyphenols from Maackia amurensis Heartwood Protect Neuronal Cells from Oxidative Stress and Prevent Herpetic Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4142. [PMID: 38673729 PMCID: PMC11050087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we continued the investigation of anti-HSV-1 activity and neuroprotective potential of 14 polyphenolic compounds isolated from Maackia amurensis heartwood. We determined the absolute configurations of asymmetric centers in scirpusin A (13) and maackiazin (10) as 7R,8R and 1″S,2″S, respectively. We showed that dimeric stilbens maackin (9) and scirpusin A (13) possessed the highest anti-HSV-1 activity among polyphenols 1-14. We also studied the effect of polyphenols 9 and 13 on the early stages of HSV-1 infection. Direct interaction with the virus (virucidal activity) was the main mechanism of the antiviral activity of these compounds. The neuroprotective potential of polyphenolic compounds from M. amurensis was studied using models of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-and paraquat (PQ)-induced neurotoxicity. A dimeric stilbene scirpusin A (13) and a flavonoid liquiritigenin (6) were shown to be the most active compounds among the tested polyphenols. These compounds significantly increased the viability of 6-OHDA-and PQ-treated Neuro-2a cells, elevated mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced the intracellular ROS level. We also found that scirpusin A (13), liquiritigenin (6) and retusin (3) considerably increased the percentage of live Neuro-2a cells and decreased the number of early apoptotic cells. Scirpusin A (13) was the most promising compound possessing both anti-HSV-1 activity and neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya V. Tarbeeva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.S.M.); (D.V.B.); (A.I.K.); (N.P.M.); (D.L.A.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Evgeny A. Pislyagin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.S.M.); (D.V.B.); (A.I.K.); (N.P.M.); (D.L.A.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Ekaterina S. Menchinskaya
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.S.M.); (D.V.B.); (A.I.K.); (N.P.M.); (D.L.A.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Dmitrii V. Berdyshev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.S.M.); (D.V.B.); (A.I.K.); (N.P.M.); (D.L.A.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Natalya V. Krylova
- G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (N.V.K.); (O.V.I.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Olga V. Iunikhina
- G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (N.V.K.); (O.V.I.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Anatoliy I. Kalinovskiy
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.S.M.); (D.V.B.); (A.I.K.); (N.P.M.); (D.L.A.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Mikhail Y. Shchelkanov
- G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (N.V.K.); (O.V.I.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Natalia P. Mishchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.S.M.); (D.V.B.); (A.I.K.); (N.P.M.); (D.L.A.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Dmitry L. Aminin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.S.M.); (D.V.B.); (A.I.K.); (N.P.M.); (D.L.A.); (S.A.F.)
| | - Sergey A. Fedoreyev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (E.A.P.); (E.S.M.); (D.V.B.); (A.I.K.); (N.P.M.); (D.L.A.); (S.A.F.)
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Chen C, Cui D, Li J, Ren C, Yang D, Xiang P, Liu J. Organophosphorus Flame Retardant TPP-Induced Human Corneal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis through Caspase-Dependent Mitochondrial Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4155. [PMID: 38673741 PMCID: PMC11050068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A widely used organophosphate flame retardant (OPFR), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), is frequently detected in various environmental media and humans. However, there is little known on the human corneal epithelium of health risk when exposed to TPP. In this study, human normal corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were used to investigate the cell viability, morphology, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential after they were exposed to TPP, as well as their underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that TPP decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 220 μM. Furthermore, TPP significantly induced HCEC apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in a dose-dependent manner, and changed the mRNA levels of the apoptosis biomarker genes (Cyt c, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax). The results showed that TPP induced cytotoxicity in HCECs, eventually leading to apoptosis and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, the caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathways may be involved in TPP-induced HCEC apoptosis. This study provides a reference for the human corneal toxicity of TPP, indicating that the risks of OPFR to human health cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ping Xiang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.C.); (D.C.); (J.L.); (C.R.); (D.Y.)
| | - Jianxiang Liu
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental Pollution, Food Safety and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.C.); (D.C.); (J.L.); (C.R.); (D.Y.)
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194
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Mendoza RM, Song JH, Jung YT, Paik HD, Park YS, Kang DK. Recombinant Arginine Deiminase from Levilactobacillus brevis Inhibits the Growth of Stomach Cancer Cells, Possibly by Activating the Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4163. [PMID: 38673749 PMCID: PMC11050082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The anticancer potential of Levilactobacillus brevis KU15176 against the stomach cancer cell line AGS has been reported previously. In this study, we aimed to analyze the genome of L. brevis KU15176 and identify key genes that may have potential anticancer properties. Among potential anticancer molecules, the role of arginine deiminase (ADI) in conferring an antiproliferative functionality was confirmed. In vitro assay against AGS cell line confirmed that recombinant ADI from L. brevis KU15176 (ADI_br, 5 µg/mL), overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3), exerted an inhibitory effect on AGS cell growth, resulting in a 65.32% reduction in cell viability. Moreover, the expression of apoptosis-related genes, such as bax, bad, caspase-7, and caspase-3, as well as the activity of caspase-9 in ADI_br-treated AGS cells, was higher than those in untreated (culture medium-only) cells. The cell-scattering behavior of ADI_br-treated cells showed characteristics of apoptosis. Flow cytometry analyses of AGS cells treated with ADI_br for 24 and 28 h revealed apoptotic rates of 11.87 and 24.09, respectively, indicating the progression of apoptosis in AGS cells after ADI_br treatment. This study highlights the potential of ADI_br as an effective enzyme for anticancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remilyn M. Mendoza
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (R.M.M.); (J.H.S.)
| | - Ji Hoon Song
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (R.M.M.); (J.H.S.)
| | - Yong Tae Jung
- Department of Microbiology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resource, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Seo Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dae-Kyung Kang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (R.M.M.); (J.H.S.)
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195
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Wang T, Chen X, Yang G, Shi X. Selection of Leptin Surrogates by a General Phenotypic Screening Method for Receptor Agonists. Biomolecules 2024; 14:457. [PMID: 38672473 PMCID: PMC11047824 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a high demand for agonist biomolecules such as cytokine surrogates in both biological and medicinal research fields. These are typically sourced through natural ligand engineering or affinity-based screening, followed by individual functional validation. However, efficient screening methods for identifying rare hits within immense libraries are very limited. In this research article, we introduce a phenotypic screening method utilizing biological receptor activation-dependent cell survival (BRADS). This method offers a high-throughput, low-background, and cost-effective approach that can be implemented in virtually any biochemical laboratory setting. As a proof-of-concept, we successfully identified a surrogate for human leptin following a two-week cell culture process, without the need for specialized high-throughput equipment or reagents. This surrogate effectively emulates the activity of native human leptin in cell validation assays. Our findings not only underscore the effectiveness of BRADS but also suggest its potential applicability to a broad range of biological receptors, including Notch and GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (T.W.); (X.C.); (G.Y.)
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (T.W.); (X.C.); (G.Y.)
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (T.W.); (X.C.); (G.Y.)
| | - Xiaojie Shi
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; (T.W.); (X.C.); (G.Y.)
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196
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Aziz N, Ruzza C, Falcicchia C, Guarino A, Soukupova M, Asth L, Aleotti V, Bettegazzi B, Simonato M, Zucchini S. Lack of Direct Effects of Neurotrophic Factors in an In Vitro Model of Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4160. [PMID: 38673746 PMCID: PMC11049901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is associated with several neurological disorders including temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizures themselves can induce neuroinflammation. In an in vivo model of epilepsy, the supplementation of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) using a Herpes-based vector reduced epileptogenesis-associated neuroinflammation. The aim of this study was to test whether the attenuation of the neuroinflammation obtained in vivo with BDNF and FGF-2 was direct or secondary to other effects, for example, the reduction in the severity and frequency of spontaneous recurrent seizures. An in vitro model of neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/mL) in a mouse primary mixed glial culture was used. The releases of cytokines and NO were analyzed via ELISA and Griess assay, respectively. The effects of LPS and neurotrophic factors on cell viability were determined by performing an MTT assay. BDNF and FGF-2 were tested alone and co-administered. LPS induced a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and NO. BDNF, FGF-2, and their co-administration did not counteract these LPS effects. Our study suggests that the anti-inflammatory effect of BDNF and FGF-2 in vivo in the epilepsy model was indirect and likely due to a reduction in seizure frequency and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimra Aziz
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.A.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (L.A.); (M.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Chiara Ruzza
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.A.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (L.A.); (M.S.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Annunziata Guarino
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.A.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (L.A.); (M.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Marie Soukupova
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.A.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (L.A.); (M.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Laila Asth
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.A.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (L.A.); (M.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Valentina Aleotti
- Operating Unit Neurological Clinic, University Hospital of Ferrara, via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Barbara Bettegazzi
- School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Simonato
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.A.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (L.A.); (M.S.); (S.Z.)
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Zucchini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.A.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (L.A.); (M.S.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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197
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Thome CD, Tausche P, Hohenberger K, Yang Z, Krammer S, Trufa DI, Sirbu H, Schmidt J, Finotto S. Short-chain fatty acids induced lung tumor cell death and increased peripheral blood CD4+ T cells in NSCLC and control patients ex vivo. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1328263. [PMID: 38650948 PMCID: PMC11033355 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1328263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite therapy advances, one of the leading causes of cancer deaths still remains lung cancer. To improve current treatments or prevent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the role of the nutrition in cancer onset and progression needs to be understood in more detail. While in colorectal cancer, the influence of local microbiota derived SCFAs have been well investigated, the influence of SCFA on lung cancer cells via peripheral blood immune system should be investigated more deeply. In this respect, nutrients absorbed via the gut might affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) and thus play an important role in tumor cell growth. Objective This study focuses on the impact of the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) Sodium Butyrate (SB), on lung cancer cell survival. We previously described a pro-tumoral role of glucose on A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line. In this study, we wanted to know if SB would counteract the effect of glucose and thus cultured A549 and H520 in vitro with and without SB in the presence or absence of glucose and investigated how the treatment with SB affects the survival of lung cancer cells and its influence on immune cells fighting against lung cancer. Methods In this study, we performed cell culture experiments with A549, H520 and NSCLC-patient-derived epithelial cells under different SB levels. To investigate the influence on the immune system, we performed in vitro culture of peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMC) from control, smoker and lung cancer patients with increasing SB concentrations. Results To investigate the effect of SB on lung tumor cells, we first analyzed the effect of 6 different concentrations of SB on A549 cells at 48 and 72 hours cell culture. Here we found that, SB treatment reduced lung cancer cell survival in a concentration dependent manner. We next focused our deeper analysis on the two concentrations, which caused the maximal reduction in cell survival. Here, we observed that SB led to cell cycle arrest and induced early apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells. The expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins and A549 lung cancer stem cell markers (CD90) was induced. Additionally, this study explored the role of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and its receptor (IFN-γ-R1) in combination with SB treatment, revealing that, although IFN-γ-R1 expression was increased, IFN-γ did not affect the efficacy of SB in reducing tumor cell viability. Furthermore, we examined the effects of SB on immune cells, specifically CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells from healthy individuals, smokers, and NSCLC patients. SB treatment resulted in a decreased production of IFN-γ and granzyme B in CD8+ T cells and NK cells. Moreover, SB induced IFN-γ-R1 in NK cells and CD4+ T cells in the absence of glucose both in PBMCs from controls and NSCLC subjects. Conclusion Overall, this study highlights the potential of SB in inhibiting lung cancer cell growth, triggering apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest, and modulating immune responses by activating peripheral blood CD4+ T cells while selectively inducing IFN-γ-R1 in NK cells in peripheral blood and inhibiting peripheral blood CD8+ T cells and NK cells. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of action of SB in the TME and its influence on the immune system provide valuable insights of potentially considering SB as a candidate for adjunctive therapies in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin D. Thome
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER) Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Tausche
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER) Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Katja Hohenberger
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER) Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Zuqin Yang
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER) Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Krammer
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER) Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Denis I. Trufa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER), Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Horia Sirbu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER), Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joachim Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER), Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susetta Finotto
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, University Medical School Hospital Erlangen (UKER) Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
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Sun YM, Wu Y, Li GX, Liang HF, Yong TY, Li Z, Zhang B, Chen XP, Jin GN, Ding ZY. TGF-β downstream of Smad3 and MAPK signaling antagonistically regulate the viability and partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition of liver progenitor cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6588-6612. [PMID: 38604156 PMCID: PMC11042936 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) are a subpopulation of cells that contribute to liver regeneration, fibrosis and liver cancer initiation under different circumstances. RESULTS By performing adenoviral-mediated transfection, CCK-8 analyses, F-actin staining, transwell analyses, luciferase reporter analyses and Western blotting, we observed that TGF-β promoted cytostasis and partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in LPCs. In addition, we confirmed that TGF-β activated the Smad and MAPK pathways, including the Erk, JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, and revealed that TGFβ-Smad signaling induced growth inhibition and partial EMT, whereas TGFβ-MAPK signaling had the opposite effects on LPCs. We further found that the activity of Smad and MAPK signaling downstream of TGF-β was mutually restricted in LPCs. Mechanistically, we found that TGF-β activated Smad signaling through serine phosphorylation of both the C-terminal and linker regions of Smad2 and 3 in LPCs. Additionally, TGFβ-MAPK signaling inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad3 but not Smad2 at the C-terminus, and it reinforced the linker phosphorylation of Smad3 at T179 and S213. We then found that overexpression of mutated Smad3 at linker phosphorylation sites intensifies TGF-β-induced cytostasis and EMT, mimicking the effects of MAPK inhibition in LPCs, whereas mutation of Smad3 at the C-terminus caused LPCs to blunt TGF-β-induced cytostasis and partial EMT. CONCLUSION These results suggested that TGF-β downstream of Smad3 and MAPK signaling were mutually antagonistic in regulating the viability and partial EMT of LPCs. This antagonism may help LPCs overcome the cytostatic effect of TGF-β under fibrotic conditions and maintain partial EMT and progenitor phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Sun
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Hubei Province for The Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- Present address: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated First Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Hubei Province for The Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Gan-Xun Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Hubei Province for The Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Hui-Fang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Hubei Province for The Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Tu-Ying Yong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Hubei Province for The Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Hubei Province for The Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Guan-Nan Jin
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Hubei Province for The Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- Present address: Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ze-Yang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Hubei Province for The Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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Hoonakker M, Zariri A, de Brouwer L, David D, Borgman A, Sloots A. An in vitro assay for toxicity testing of Clostridium perfringens type C β-toxin. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1373411. [PMID: 38646535 PMCID: PMC11026656 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1373411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Veterinary vaccines against Clostridium perfringens type C need to be tested for absence of toxicity, as mandated by pharmacopoeias worldwide. This toxicity testing is required at multiple manufacturing steps and relies on outdated mouse tests that involve severe animal suffering. Clostridium perfringens type C produces several toxins of which the β-toxin is the primary component responsible for causing disease. Here, we describe the successful development of a new cell-based in vitro assay that can address the specific toxicity of the β-toxin. Methods Development of the cell-based assay followed the principle of in vitro testing developed for Cl. septicum vaccines, which is based on Vero cells. We screened four cell lines and selected the THP-1 cell line, which was shown to be the most specific and sensitive for β-toxin activity, in combination with a commercially available method to determine cell viability (MTS assay) as a readout. Results The current animal test is estimated to detect 100 - 1000-fold dilutions of the Cl. perfringens type C non-inactivated antigen. When tested with an active Cl. perfringens type C antigen preparation, derived from a commercial vaccine manufacturing process, our THP-1 cell-based assay was able to detect toxin activity from undiluted to over 10000-fold dilution, showing a linear range between approximately 1000- and 10000-fold dilutions. Assay specificity for the β-toxin was confirmed with neutralizing antibodies and lack of reaction to Cl. perfringens culture medium. In addition, assay parameters demonstrated good repeatability. Conclusions Here, we have shown proof of concept for a THP-1 cell-based assay for toxicity testing of veterinary Cl. perfringens type C vaccines that is suitable for all vaccine production steps. This result represents a significant step towards the replacement of animal-based toxicity testing of this veterinary clostridial antigen. As a next step, assessment of the assay's sensitivity and repeatability and validation of the method will have to be performed in a commercial manufacturing context in order to formally implement the assay in vaccine quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Arjen Sloots
- Department of Product Characterization and Formulation, Intravacc B.V., Bilthoven, Netherlands
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Seo M, Lee KJ, Seo B, Lee JH, Lee JH, Shin DW, Park J. Analysis of Self-Assembled Low- and High-Molecular-Weight Poly-L-Lysine-Ce6 Conjugate-Based Nanoparticles. Biomolecules 2024; 14:431. [PMID: 38672448 PMCID: PMC11048146 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In cancer therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted significant attention due to its high potential for tumor-selective treatment. However, PDT agents often exhibit poor physicochemical properties, including solubility, necessitating the development of nanoformulations. In this study, we developed two cationic peptide-based self-assembled nanomaterials by using a PDT agent, chlorin e6 (Ce6). To manufacture biocompatible nanoparticles based on peptides, we used the cationic poly-L-lysine peptide, which is rich in primary amines. We prepared low- and high-molecular-weight poly-L-lysine, and then evaluated the formation and performance of nanoparticles after chemical conjugation with Ce6. The results showed that both molecules formed self-assembled nanoparticles by themselves in saline. Interestingly, the high-molecular-weight poly-L-lysine and Ce6 conjugates (HPLCe6) exhibited better self-assembly and PDT performance than low-molecular-weight poly-L-lysine and Ce6 conjugates (LPLCe6). Moreover, the HPLCe6 conjugates showed superior cellular uptake and exhibited stronger cytotoxicity in cell toxicity experiments. Therefore, it is functionally beneficial to use high-molecular-weight poly-L-lysine in the manufacturing of poly-L-lysine-based self-assembling biocompatible PDT nanoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Seo
- BK21 Program, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Ju Lee
- BK21 Program, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Bison Seo
- College of Biomedical and Health Science (RIBHS), Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyuck Lee
- BK21 Program, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Lee
- BK21 Program, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Shin
- College of Biomedical and Health Science (RIBHS), Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Park
- BK21 Program, Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- College of Biomedical and Health Science (RIBHS), Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
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