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Alto BW, Civana A, Wiggins K, Eastmond B, Shin D. Effect of Oral Infection of Mayaro Virus on Fitness Correlates and Expression of Immune Related Genes in Aedes aegypti. Viruses 2020; 12:E719. [PMID: 32630843 PMCID: PMC7412308 DOI: 10.3390/v12070719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus is a mosquito-borne Alphavirus endemic to forests of tropical South America with a sylvatic cycle involving non-human primates and Haemagogus mosquitoes. Human infection with Mayaro virus causes a febrile illness and long-lasting arthralgia and cases are often associated with exposure to tropical forest habitats. Human movement between tropical forest habitats and urban settings may allow for imported cases and subsequent local transmission by domestic mosquito Aedes aegypti. The relative importance of Ae. aegypti as a vector of Mayaro virus may depend on the pathogenic effects of the virus on fitness correlates, especially those entomological parameters that relate to vectorial capacity. We performed mosquito infection studies and compared adult survival and fecundity of females from Brazilian and Floridian populations of Ae. aegypti following oral ingestion of uninfectious (control) and Mayaro virus infectious blood. Mayaro virus infected and refractory mosquitoes had similar or 30-50% lower fecundity than control (unexposed) mosquitoes, suggesting a reproductive cost to mounting an immune response or phenotypic expression of refractoriness. Survival of adult female mosquitoes and targeted gene expression in the Toll and IMD pathways were not altered by Mayaro virus infection. Adult lifespan and fecundity estimates were independent of measured viral titer in the bodies of mosquitoes. The lack of adverse effects of infection status on female survival suggests that Mayaro virus will not alter vectorial capacity mediated by changes in this parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry W. Alto
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, 200 9th St. Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA; (A.C.); (K.W.); (B.E.); (D.S.)
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Julia da Silva Pessoa Vieira C, José Ferreira da Silva D, Rigotti Kubiszeski J, Ceschini Machado L, Pena LJ, Vieira de Morais Bronzoni R, da Luz Wallau G. The Emergence of Chikungunya ECSA Lineage in a Mayaro Endemic Region on the Southern Border of the Amazon Forest. Trop Med Infect Dis 2020; 5:E105. [PMID: 32604785 PMCID: PMC7345197 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed5020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropic changes on the edges of the tropical forests may facilitate the emergence of new viruses from the sylvatic environment and the simultaneous circulation of sylvatic and urban viruses in the human population. In this study, we investigated the presence of arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) in the sera of 354 patients, sampled from February 2014 to October 2018 in Sinop city. We sequenced the complete genomes of one chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-positive and one out of the 33 Mayaro virus (MAYV)-positive samples. The CHIKV genome obtained here belongs to the East/Central/South African (ECSA) genotype and the MAYV genome belongs to the L genotype. These genomes clustered with other viral strains from different Brazilian states, but the CHIKV strain circulating in Sinop did not cluster with other genomes from the Mato Grosso state, suggesting that at least two independent introductions of this virus occurred in Mato Grosso. Interestingly, the arrival of CHIKV in Sinop seems to not have caused a surge in human cases in the following years, as observed in the rest of the state, suggesting that cross immunity from MAYV infection might be protecting the population from CHIKV infection. These findings reinforce the need for continued genomic surveillance in order to evaluate how simultaneously circulating alphaviruses infecting the human population will unfold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Julia da Silva Pessoa Vieira
- Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78550-728, MT, Brazil; (C.J.d.S.P.V.); (D.J.F.d.S.); (J.R.K.); (R.V.d.M.B.)
| | - David José Ferreira da Silva
- Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78550-728, MT, Brazil; (C.J.d.S.P.V.); (D.J.F.d.S.); (J.R.K.); (R.V.d.M.B.)
| | - Janaína Rigotti Kubiszeski
- Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78550-728, MT, Brazil; (C.J.d.S.P.V.); (D.J.F.d.S.); (J.R.K.); (R.V.d.M.B.)
| | - Laís Ceschini Machado
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil; (L.C.M.); (L.J.P.)
| | - Lindomar José Pena
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil; (L.C.M.); (L.J.P.)
| | - Roberta Vieira de Morais Bronzoni
- Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78550-728, MT, Brazil; (C.J.d.S.P.V.); (D.J.F.d.S.); (J.R.K.); (R.V.d.M.B.)
| | - Gabriel da Luz Wallau
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50670-420, PE, Brazil; (L.C.M.); (L.J.P.)
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Goh VSL, Mok CK, Chu JJH. Antiviral Natural Products for Arbovirus Infections. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122796. [PMID: 32560438 PMCID: PMC7356825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the course of the last 50 years, the emergence of several arboviruses have resulted in countless outbreaks globally. With a high proportion of infections occurring in tropical and subtropical regions where arthropods tend to be abundant, Asia in particular is a region that is heavily affected by arboviral diseases caused by dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Major gaps in protection against the most significant emerging arboviruses remains as there are currently no antivirals available, and vaccines are only available for some. A potential source of antiviral compounds could be discovered in natural products—such as vegetables, fruits, flowers, herbal plants, marine organisms and microorganisms—from which various compounds have been documented to exhibit antiviral activities and are expected to have good tolerability and minimal side effects. Polyphenols and plant extracts have been extensively studied for their antiviral properties against arboviruses and have demonstrated promising results. With an abundance of natural products to screen for new antiviral compounds, it is highly optimistic that natural products will continue to play an important role in contributing to antiviral drug development and in reducing the global infection burden of arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Shi Li Goh
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore;
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Chee-Keng Mok
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore;
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Correspondence: (C.-K.M.); (J.J.H.C.)
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore;
- Infectious Disease Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Collaborative and Translation Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Correspondence: (C.-K.M.); (J.J.H.C.)
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Jara M, Frias-De-Diego A, Machado G. Phylogeography of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Urakova N, Brustolin M, Joseph RE, Johnson RM, Pujhari S, Rasgon JL. Anopheles gambiae densovirus (AgDNV) negatively affects Mayaro virus infection in Anopheles gambiae cells and mosquitoes. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:210. [PMID: 32321560 PMCID: PMC7178629 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrate that insect-specific viruses can influence the ability of their mosquito hosts to become infected with and transmit arboviruses of medical and veterinary importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interactions between Anopheles gambiae densovirus (AgDNV) (Parvoviridae) (a benign insect-specific virus that infects An. gambiae mosquitoes) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) (Togaviridae) (an emerging human pathogen that can be transmitted by An. gambiae) in both insect cell culture and mosquitoes. METHODS For in vitro studies, An. gambiae Mos55 cells infected or uninfected with AgDNV were infected with MAYV. For in vivo studies, An. gambiae mosquitoes were injected intrathoracically with AgDNV and 4 days later orally infected with MAYV. Mosquitoes were dissected 10 days after MAYV infection, and MAYV titers in the body, legs and saliva samples quantified using focus-forming assay. RESULTS MAYV virus replication was reduced 10-100-fold in An. gambiae Mos55 cells infected with AgDNV. In mosquitoes, there was a significant negative correlation between AgDNV and MAYV body titers 10 days post-blood meal. CONCLUSIONS AgDNV infection was associated with reduced production of MAYV in cell culture, and reduced body titers of MAYV in An. gambiae mosquitoes. As densovirus infections are common in natural mosquito populations, these data suggest that they may affect the epidemiology of viruses of medical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadya Urakova
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Marco Brustolin
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Renuka E Joseph
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.,The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca M Johnson
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.,The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Sujit Pujhari
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jason L Rasgon
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. .,The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. .,The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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Pereira TN, Carvalho FD, De Mendonça SF, Rocha MN, Moreira LA. Vector competence of Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes for Mayaro virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0007518. [PMID: 32287269 PMCID: PMC7182273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Newly emerging or re-emerging arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are important causes of human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Arboviruses such as Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), Chikungunya (CHIKV), and West Nile virus (WNV) have undergone extensive geographic expansion in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. In the Americas the main vectors of DENV, ZIKV, and CHIKV are mosquito species adapted to urban environments, namely Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, whereas the main vector of WNV is Culex quinquefasciatus. Given the widespread distribution in the Americas and high permissiveness to arbovirus infection, these mosquito species may play a key role in the epidemiology of other arboviruses normally associated with sylvatic vectors. Here, we test this hypothesis by determining the vector competence of Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Cx. quinquefasciatus to Mayaro (MAYV) virus, a sylvatic arbovirus transmitted mainly by Haemagogus janthinomys that has been causing an increasing number of outbreaks in South America, namely in Brazil. Using field mosquitoes from Brazil, female mosquitoes were experimentally infected, and their competence for infection and transmission rates of MAYV was evaluated. We found consistent infection rate for MAYV in Ae. aegypti (57.5%) and Ae. albopictus (61.6%), whereas very low rates were obtained for Cx. quinquefasciatus (2.5%). Concordantly, we observed high potential transmission ability in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus (69.5% and 71.1% respectively), in contrast to Cx. quinquefasciatus, which could not transmit the MAYV. Notably, we found that very low quantities of virus present in the saliva (undetectable by RT-qPCR) were sufficiently virulent to guarantee transmission. Although Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are not the main vectors for MAYV, our studies suggest that these mosquitoes could play a significant role in the transmission of this arbovirus, since both species showed significant vector competence for MAYV (Genotype D), under laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Nunes Pereira
- Grupo Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Duarte Carvalho
- Grupo Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvana Faria De Mendonça
- Grupo Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcele Neves Rocha
- Grupo Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciano Andrade Moreira
- Grupo Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou—Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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In-depth characterization of a novel live-attenuated Mayaro virus vaccine candidate using an immunocompetent mouse model of Mayaro disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5306. [PMID: 32210270 PMCID: PMC7093544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is endemic in South American countries where it is responsible for sporadic outbreaks of acute febrile illness. The hallmark of MAYV infection is a highly debilitating and chronic arthralgia. Although MAYV emergence is a potential threat, there are no specific therapies or licensed vaccine. In this study, we developed a murine model of MAYV infection that emulates many of the most relevant clinical features of the infection in humans and tested a live-attenuated MAYV vaccine candidate (MAYV/IRES). Intraplantar inoculation of a WT strain of MAYV into immunocompetent mice induced persistent hypernociception, transient viral replication in target organs, systemic production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and specific humoral IgM and IgG responses. Inoculation of MAYV/IRES in BALB/c mice induced strong specific cellular and humoral responses. Moreover, MAYV/IRES vaccination of immunocompetent and interferon receptor-defective mice resulted in protection from disease induced by the virulent wt MAYV strain. Thus, this study describes a novel model of MAYV infection in immunocompetent mice and highlights the potential role of a live-attenuated MAYV vaccine candidate in host's protection from disease induced by a virulent MAYV strain.
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Pérez JG, Carrera JP, Serrano E, Pittí Y, Maguiña JL, Mentaberre G, Lescano AG, Valderrama A, Mayor P. Serologic Evidence of Zoonotic Alphaviruses in Humans from an Indigenous Community in the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 101:1212-1218. [PMID: 31571566 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alphaviruses (Togaviridae, Alphavirus) are arthropod-borne single-stranded RNA pathogens that cause febrile and neurologic disease in much of Latin America. However, many features of Alphavirus epidemiology remain unknown. In 2011, we undertook a cross-sectional study in Nueva Esperanza, an indigenous community in the Peruvian Amazon. Here, we present the first serologic evidence of Mayaro (MAYV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex alphavirus, Una (UNAV), and Madariaga (MADV) viruses reported in humans (24%, 16%, 13%, and 1.5%, respectively) from an Amazonian indigenous community in Peru. Hunting activity and cohabiting with hunters were the main risk factors for Mayaro seroconversion, but only hunting was associated with UNAV seropositivity. Our results suggest that alphavirus infection in this region is common, but we highlight the high UNAV seroprevalence found and corroborate the low MADV prevalence reported in this region. Furthermore, MAYV-neutralizing antibodies were also detected in stored samples from wild animals (18%) hunted by Nueva Esperanza inhabitants and another mestizo community located close to Iquitos. Further serological surveys of VEE complex alphaviruses, UNAV, and MADV in wild animals and assessing the ability of the MAYV seropositive species to transmit the virus will be relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emmanuel Serrano
- Universitá di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yaneth Pittí
- Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | | | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Pedro Mayor
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Ganjian N, Riviere-Cinnamond A. Mayaro virus in Latin America and the Caribbean. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2020; 44:e14. [PMID: 32051685 PMCID: PMC7008609 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2020.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives. To assess the distribution of Mayaro virus (MAYV) in Latin America and the Caribbean and evaluate existing country-level MAYV surveillance mechanisms. Methods. Research was conducted from May 2018 through May 2019 to collect data from academic literature on Mayaro fever in Latin America and the Caribbean. PubMed, ClinicalKey, Scopus, Nature, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar were searched for peer-reviewed journal articles, and data from health authorities, including the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and ministries of health, was also sought. MAYV-related publications published from 1954 through 2019 were screened. Publications that added to the overall understanding of MAYV, including its geographical and epidemiological distribution, were included in this report. Results. A total of 901 MAYV cases have been reported in humans in countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. Since its discovery in 1954 in Trinidad and Tobago, MAYV has been isolated from individuals living in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Haiti, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. Of those 901 cases, 42 of them were reported exclusively by health authorities. In contrast, 843 confirmed and presumptive autochthonous cases and an additional 16 imported cases were identified in academic literature. No country-level surveillance mechanisms for MAYV were recorded in academic literature or by health authorities. Conclusions. This report demonstrates that MAYV surveillance efforts are limited in comparison to the virus’s presence in Latin America and the Caribbean, highlighting the importance of enhancing arboviral surveillance systems in the affected countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Ganjian
- Milken Institute School of Public Health The George Washington University Washington, D.C United States of America Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Ana Riviere-Cinnamond
- Pan American Health Organization Pan American Health Organization Washington, D.C United States of America Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., United States of America
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Effects of Chikungunya virus immunity on Mayaro virus disease and epidemic potential. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20399. [PMID: 31892710 PMCID: PMC6938517 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes an acute febrile illness similar to that produced by chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an evolutionary relative in the Semliki Forest virus complex of alphaviruses. MAYV emergence is typically sporadic, but recent isolations and outbreaks indicate that the virus remains a public health concern. Given the close phylogenetic and antigenic relationship between CHIKV and MAYV, and widespread distribution of CHIKV, we hypothesized that prior CHIKV immunity may affect MAYV pathogenesis and/or influence its emergence potential. We pre-exposed immunocompetent C57BL/6 and immunocompromised A129 or IFNAR mice to wild-type CHIKV, two CHIKV vaccines, or a live-attenuated MAYV vaccine, and challenged with MAYV. We observed strong cross-protection against MAYV for mice pre-exposed to wild-type CHIKV, and moderately but significantly reduced cross-protection from CHIKV-vaccinated animals. Immunity to other alphavirus or flavivirus controls provided no protection against MAYV disease or viremia. Mechanistic studies suggested that neutralizing antibodies alone can mediate this protection, with T-cells having no significant effect on diminishing disease. Finally, human sera obtained from naturally acquired CHIKV infection cross-neutralized MAYV at high titers in vitro. Altogether, our data suggest that CHIKV infection can confer cross-protective effects against MAYV, and the resultant reduction in viremia may limit the emergence potential of MAYV.
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Lizarazo E, Vincenti-Gonzalez M, Grillet ME, Bethencourt S, Diaz O, Ojeda N, Ochoa H, Rangel MA, Tami A. Spatial Dynamics of Chikungunya Virus, Venezuela, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:672-680. [PMID: 30882314 PMCID: PMC6433008 DOI: 10.3201/eid2504.172121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Since chikungunya virus emerged in the Caribbean region in late 2013, ≈45 countries have experienced chikungunya outbreaks. We described and quantified the spatial and temporal events after the introduction and propagation of chikungunya into an immunologically naive population from the urban north-central region of Venezuela during 2014. The epidemic curve (n = 810 cases) unraveled within 5 months with a basic reproductive number of 3.7 and a radial spread traveled distance of 9.4 km at a mean velocity of 82.9 m/day. The highest disease diffusion speed occurred during the first 90 days, and space and space-time modeling suggest the epidemic followed a particular geographic pathway with spatiotemporal aggregation. The directionality and heterogeneity of transmission during the first introduction of chikungunya indicated existence of areas of diffusion and elevated risk for disease and highlight the importance of epidemic preparedness. This information will help in managing future threats of new or reemerging arboviruses.
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Blohm GM, Márquez-Colmenarez MC, Lednicky JA, Bonny TS, Mavian C, Salemi M, Delgado-Noguera L, Morris JG, Paniz-Mondolfi AE. Isolation of Mayaro Virus from a Venezuelan Patient with Febrile Illness, Arthralgias, and Rash: Further Evidence of Regional Strain Circulation and Possible Long-Term Endemicity. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 101:1219-1225. [PMID: 31595869 PMCID: PMC6896866 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty-two febrile patients living in Barquisimeto, Venezuela, were screened for arbovirus infection by virus culture during an outbreak of what was thought to be Zika virus infection. We report identification of Mayaro virus (MAYV) on culture of plasma from one patient, an 18-year-old woman with acute febrile illness, arthralgias, and psoriasiform rash. The strain was sequenced and was found to be most closely related to a 1999 strain from French Guiana, which, in turn, was related to two 2014 strains from Haiti. By contrast, previously reported outbreak-related MAYV strains from a sylvatic area approximately 80 miles from where the case patient lived were most closely related to Peruvian isolates. The two strain groups show evidence of having diverged genetically approximately 100 years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M. Blohm
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Venezuelan Science Research Incubator, Zoonoses and Emerging Pathogens Collaborative Network, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - Marilianna C. Márquez-Colmenarez
- Venezuelan Science Research Incubator, Zoonoses and Emerging Pathogens Collaborative Network, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - John A. Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Tania S. Bonny
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carla Mavian
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Marco Salemi
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Lourdes Delgado-Noguera
- Venezuelan Science Research Incubator, Zoonoses and Emerging Pathogens Collaborative Network, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - John Glenn Morris
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Alberto E. Paniz-Mondolfi
- Venezuelan Science Research Incubator, Zoonoses and Emerging Pathogens Collaborative Network, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
- Instituto Diagnóstico Barquisimeto (IDB), Barquisimeto, Venezuela
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling and Parasite Biochemistry, Instituto de Estudios Avanzados (IDEA), Caracas, Venezuela
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Diop F, Alout H, Diagne CT, Bengue M, Baronti C, Hamel R, Talignani L, Liegeois F, Pompon J, Morales Vargas RE, Nougairède A, Missé D. Differential Susceptibility and Innate Immune Response of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to the Haitian Strain of the Mayaro Virus. Viruses 2019; 11:v11100924. [PMID: 31601017 PMCID: PMC6832402 DOI: 10.3390/v11100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro (MAYV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus belonging to the Alphavirus genus of the Togaviridae family. Although forest-dwelling Haemagogus mosquitoes have been considered as its main vector, the virus has also been detected in circulating Aedes ssp mosquitoes. Here we assess the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to infection with MAYV and their innate immune response at an early stage of infection. Aedes albopictus was more susceptible to infection with MAYV than Ae. aegypti. Analysis of transcript levels of twenty immunity-related genes by real-time PCR in the midgut of both mosquitoes infected with MAYV revealed increased expression of several immune genes, including CLIP-domain serine proteases, the anti-microbial peptides defensin A, E, cecropin E, and the virus inducible gene. The regulation of certain genes appeared to be Aedes species-dependent. Infection of Ae. aegypti with MAYV resulted in increased levels of myeloid differentiation2-related lipid recognition protein (ML26A) transcripts, as compared to Ae. albopictus. Increased expression levels of thio-ester-containing protein 22 (TEP22) and Niemann–Pick type C1 (NPC1) gene transcripts were observed in infected Ae. albopictus, but not Ae. aegypti. The differences in these gene expression levels during MAYV infection could explain the variation in susceptibility observed in both mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fodé Diop
- MIVEGEC-IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Haoues Alout
- ASTRE, INRA CIRAD (UMR117), 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | | | - Michèle Bengue
- MIVEGEC-IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Cécile Baronti
- Unité des virus émergents, Aix Marseille Univ-IRD 190, Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France.
| | - Rodolphe Hamel
- MIVEGEC-IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Loïc Talignani
- MIVEGEC-IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Florian Liegeois
- MIVEGEC-IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Julien Pompon
- MIVEGEC-IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Ronald E Morales Vargas
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Antoine Nougairède
- Unité des virus émergents, Aix Marseille Univ-IRD 190, Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France.
| | - Dorothée Missé
- MIVEGEC-IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France.
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Earnest JT, Basore K, Roy V, Bailey AL, Wang D, Alter G, Fremont DH, Diamond MS. Neutralizing antibodies against Mayaro virus require Fc effector functions for protective activity. J Exp Med 2019; 216:2282-2301. [PMID: 31337735 PMCID: PMC6781005 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite causing outbreaks of fever and arthritis in multiple countries, no countermeasures exist against Mayaro virus (MAYV), an emerging mosquito-transmitted alphavirus. We generated 18 neutralizing mAbs against MAYV, 11 of which had "elite" activity that inhibited infection with EC50 values of <10 ng/ml. Antibodies with the greatest inhibitory capacity in cell culture mapped to epitopes near the fusion peptide of E1 and in domain B of the E2 glycoproteins. Unexpectedly, many of the elite neutralizing mAbs failed to prevent MAYV infection and disease in vivo. Instead, the most protective mAbs bound viral antigen on the cell surface with high avidity and promoted specific Fc effector functions, including phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes. In subclass switching studies, murine IgG2a and humanized IgG1 mAb variants controlled infection better than murine IgG1 and humanized IgG1-N297Q variants. An optimally protective antibody response to MAYV and possibly other alphaviruses may require tandem virus neutralization by the Fab moiety and effector functions of the Fc region.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Earnest
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Katherine Basore
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Vicky Roy
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Adam L Bailey
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - David Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Daved H Fremont
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Lorenz C, Freitas Ribeiro A, Chiaravalloti-Neto F. Mayaro virus distribution in South America. Acta Trop 2019; 198:105093. [PMID: 31325416 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a pathogen endemic to South America and some Caribbean islands, with reports of occasional outbreaks. However, its current distribution and high-risk areas are little known. We conducted a modelling study to determine the areas with highest prevalence of MAYV occurrence in South America, based on confirmed cases and serological detection over the last 20 years and socio-environmental variables. We performed our analysis using Maxent software, a machine learning algorithm used for species distribution modeling. Our results showed that the occurrence of MAYV is mainly associated with the biome type, population density, annual rainfall, annual vapor rate, and elevation. Among biome types, the one most related to the occurrence of MAYV is Cerrado, probably related to the lifecycle of the Haemagogus vector and human population concentrations. According to our modelling, there is high yet undetectable MAYV concentration in the central region of Brazil and west-coastal region of the continent. A change in virus dispersion patterns was observed. The virus was previously predominantly in forests but now occupied rural areas and was becoming increasingly urbanized, which is increases the risk of outbreaks. Our results will serve to identify priority areas in the development of preventive actions and structuring of epidemiological surveillance.
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Figueiredo CM, Neris RLDS, Gavino-Leopoldino D, da Silva MOL, Almeida JS, Dos-Santos JS, Figueiredo CP, Bellio M, Bozza MT, Assunção-Miranda I. Mayaro Virus Replication Restriction and Induction of Muscular Inflammation in Mice Are Dependent on Age, Type-I Interferon Response, and Adaptive Immunity. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2246. [PMID: 31632368 PMCID: PMC6779782 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emergent arbovirus first described in forest regions of the American continent, with recent and increasing notification of urban area circulation. Similar to Chikungunya (CHIKV) and other arthritogenic Alphavirus, MAYV-induced disease shows a high prevalence of persistent arthralgia, and myalgia. Despite this, knowledge regarding pathogenesis and characteristics of host immune response of MAYV infections are still limited. Here, using different ages of wild-type (WT), adult Type I Interferon receptor deficient (IFNAR-/-), and adult recombination activation gene-1 deficient (RAG-/-) mice, we have investigated the dependence of age, innate and adaptive immunity for the control of MAYV replication, tissue damage, and inflammation in mice. We have found that MAYV induces clinical signal and replicates in young WT mice, which gain the ability to restrict MAYV replication with aging. In addition, we observed that mice age and type I interferon response are related to restriction of MAYV infection and muscular inflammation in mice. Moreover, MAYV continues to replicate persistently in RAG-/- mice, being detected at blood and tissues 40 days post infection, indicating that adaptive immunity is essential to MAYV clearance. Despite chronic replication, infected adult RAG-/- mice did not develop an apparent signal of muscle damage in early and late infection. On the other hand, MAYV infection in young WT and adult IFNAR-/- mice triggers an increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as TNF, IL-6, KC, IL-1β, MCP-1, and RANTES, in muscle tissue, and decreases TGF-β expression, that were not significantly modulated in adult WT and RAG-/- mice. Taken together, our data demonstrated that age, innate and adaptive immunity are important to restrict MAYV replication and that adaptive immunity is also involved in MAYV-induced tissue damage. These results contribute to the comprehension of MAYV pathogenesis, and describe translational mice models for further studies of MAYV infection, vaccine tests, and therapeutic strategies against this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Menezes Figueiredo
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Romulo Leão da Silva Neris
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Gavino-Leopoldino
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Silva Almeida
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julio Souza Dos-Santos
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Bellio
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Torres Bozza
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Iranaia Assunção-Miranda
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Pezzi L, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Reusken CB, Ribeiro GS, LaBeaud AD, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Brasil P, Lecuit M, Failloux AB, Gallian P, Jaenisch T, Simon F, Siqueira AM, Rosa-Freitas MG, Vega Rua A, Weaver SC, Drexler JF, Vasilakis N, de Lamballerie X. GloPID-R report on chikungunya, o'nyong-nyong and Mayaro virus, part 3: Epidemiological distribution of Mayaro virus. Antiviral Res 2019; 172:104610. [PMID: 31545981 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Pezzi
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France; EA7310, Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse-Inserm, Corte, France.
| | - A J Rodriguez-Morales
- Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia
| | - C B Reusken
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Department Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G S Ribeiro
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - A D LaBeaud
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - R Lourenço-de-Oliveira
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Inserm U1117, Paris Descartes University, Departement of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, IHU Imagine, Paris, France
| | - A B Failloux
- Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Unit, Paris, France
| | - P Gallian
- Établissement Français du Sang Alpes Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - T Jaenisch
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Simon
- Laveran Military Teaching Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - A M Siqueira
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M G Rosa-Freitas
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Vega Rua
- Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Environment and Health Unit, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe
| | - S C Weaver
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - J F Drexler
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Virology, 10117, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany
| | - N Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
| | - de Lamballerie X
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
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de Castro-Jorge LA, de Carvalho RVH, Klein TM, Hiroki CH, Lopes AH, Guimarães RM, Fumagalli MJ, Floriano VG, Agostinho MR, Slhessarenko RD, Ramalho FS, Cunha TM, Cunha FQ, da Fonseca BAL, Zamboni DS. The NLRP3 inflammasome is involved with the pathogenesis of Mayaro virus. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007934. [PMID: 31479495 PMCID: PMC6743794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an arbovirus that circulates in Latin America and is emerging as a potential threat to public health. Infected individuals develop Mayaro fever, a severe inflammatory disease characterized by high fever, rash, arthralgia, myalgia and headache. The disease is often associated with a prolonged arthralgia mediated by a chronic inflammation that can last months. Although the immune response against other arboviruses, such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), has been extensively studied, little is known about the pathogenesis of MAYV infection. In this study, we established models of MAYV infection in macrophages and in mice and found that MAYV can replicate in bone marrow-derived macrophages and robustly induce expression of inflammasome proteins, such as NLRP3, ASC, AIM2, and Caspase-1 (CASP1). Infection performed in macrophages derived from Nlrp3-/-, Aim2-/-, Asc-/-and Casp1/11-/-mice indicate that the NLRP3, but not AIM2 inflammasome is essential for production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β. We also determined that MAYV triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and potassium efflux. In vivo infections performed in inflammasome-deficient mice indicate that NLRP3 is involved with footpad swelling, inflammation and pain, establishing a role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the MAYV pathogenesis. Accordingly, we detected higher levels of caspase1-p20, IL-1β and IL-18 in the serum of MAYV-infected patients as compared to healthy individuals, supporting the participation of the NLRP3-inflammasome during MAYV infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza A. de Castro-Jorge
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Renan V. H. de Carvalho
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Taline M. Klein
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carlos H. Hiroki
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alexandre H. Lopes
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rafaela M. Guimarães
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcílio Jorge Fumagalli
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vitor G. Floriano
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mayara R. Agostinho
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Silva Ramalho
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Thiago M. Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q. Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Benedito A. L. da Fonseca
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dario S. Zamboni
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Bengue M, Ferraris P, Baronti C, Diagne CT, Talignani L, Wichit S, Liegeois F, Bisbal C, Nougairède A, Missé D. Mayaro Virus Infects Human Chondrocytes and Induces the Expression of Arthritis-Related Genes Associated with Joint Degradation. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090797. [PMID: 31470617 PMCID: PMC6783875 DOI: 10.3390/v11090797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging arthritogenic alphavirus belonging to the Togaviridae family. Infection leads to a dengue-like illness accompanied by severe polyarthralgia. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of arthritis as a result of MAYV infection remain poorly understood. In the present study, we assess the susceptibility of human chondrocytes (HC), fibroblast-like synoviocytes and osteoblasts that are the major cell types involved in osteoarthritis, to infection with MAYV. We show that these cells are highly permissive to MAYV infection and that viral RNA copy number and viral titers increase over time in infected cells. Knowing that HC are the primary cells in articular cartilage and are essential for maintaining the cartilaginous matrix, gene expression studies were conducted in MAYV-infected primary HC using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays. The infection of the latter cells resulted in an induction in the expression of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) including MMP1, MMP7, MMP8, MMP10, MMP13, MMP14 and MMP15 which could be involved in the destruction of articular cartilage. Infected HC were also found to express significantly increased levels of various IFN-stimulated genes and arthritogenic mediators such as TNF-α and IL-6. In conclusion, MAYV-infected primary HC overexpress arthritis-related genes, which may contribute to joint degradation and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Bengue
- MIVEGEC, IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Pauline Ferraris
- MIVEGEC, IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Baronti
- Unité des virus émergents, Aix Marseille Univ-IRD 190, Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France
| | | | - Loïc Talignani
- MIVEGEC, IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Sineewanlaya Wichit
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Florian Liegeois
- MIVEGEC, IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Bisbal
- PhyMedExp, CNRS UMR 9214, INSERM U1046, University of Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Nougairède
- Unité des virus émergents, Aix Marseille Univ-IRD 190, Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Dorothée Missé
- MIVEGEC, IRD, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, 34394 Montpellier, France.
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Mendoza EJ, Robinson A, Dimitrova K, Mueller N, Holloway K, Makowski K, Wood H. Combining anti-IgM and IgG immunoassays for comprehensive chikungunya virus diagnostic testing. Zoonoses Public Health 2019; 66:909-917. [PMID: 31449360 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that causes CHIKV fever. Definitive diagnosis is crucial for patients experiencing symptoms similar to other arboviral diseases because they can vary in clinical consequences. An increasing number of patients experience long-term rheumatic effects of CHIKV infection, but these cases may not be optimally detected by molecular assays and anti-CHIKV IgM ELISAs (M-ELISAs) used for confirmation and screening, respectively. The subsequent confirmatory serological test, the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), is laborious and time-consuming. In this study, we evaluated a new diagnostic algorithm in which the M-ELISA is conducted in parallel with an anti-CHIKV IgG ELISA (G-ELISA) and observed that the Euroimmun M-ELISA combined with the Euroimmun G-ELISA or the Abcam G-ELISA exhibited excellent sensitivity and specificity for CHIKV. The combinations demonstrated perfect and near perfect inter-rater agreement with the PRNT, respectively, suggesting their potential to be used as alternatives to the confirmatory serological PRNT assay for CHIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelissa J Mendoza
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Alyssia Robinson
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kristina Dimitrova
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Nicole Mueller
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kimberly Holloway
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kai Makowski
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Heidi Wood
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Blohm G, Elbadry MA, Mavian C, Stephenson C, Loeb J, White S, Telisma T, Chavannes S, Beau De Rochar VM, Salemi M, Lednicky JA, Morris JG. Mayaro as a Caribbean traveler: Evidence for multiple introductions and transmission of the virus into Haiti. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 87:151-153. [PMID: 31382049 PMCID: PMC9527705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that is being recognized with increasing frequency in South America. As part of on-going surveillance of a school cohort in Haiti, we identified MAYV infections in 5 children across a 7-month time span, at two different school campuses. All had a history of fever, and three had headaches; none complained of arthralgias. On analysis of whole genome sequence data, three strains were genotype D, and two were genotype L; phylogenetic and molecular clock analysis was consistent with at least 3 independent introductions of the virus into Haiti, with ongoing transmission of a common genotype D strain in a single school. Our data highlight the clear potential for spread of the virus in the northern Caribbean and North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Blohm
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Maha A Elbadry
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Carla Mavian
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Caroline Stephenson
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Julia Loeb
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Sarah White
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | | | | | - Valerie Madsen Beau De Rochar
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Health Services Research Management & Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marco Salemi
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - John A Lednicky
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - J Glenn Morris
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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de O Mota MT, Avilla CMS, Nogueira ML. Mayaro virus: a neglected threat could cause the next worldwide viral epidemic. Future Virol 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2019-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mânlio T de O Mota
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima 5416, São Paulo, SP 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Clarita MS Avilla
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima 5416, São Paulo, SP 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Maurício L Nogueira
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima 5416, São Paulo, SP 15090-000, Brazil
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Development of a rapid antiviral screening assay based on eGFP reporter virus of Mayaro virus. Antiviral Res 2019; 168:82-90. [PMID: 31150677 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a neglected mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes illness similar to Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). Currently, there is no specific treatment or vaccine against MAYV infection. To develop an efficient antiviral screening assay for MAYV, we constructed the infectious clones of MAYV strain BeAr 20290 and its eGFP reporter virus. The reporter virus exhibited high replication capacity indistinguishable with the wild type MAYV, and was genetically stable within at least five rounds of passages in BHK-21 cell. The expression of eGFP correlated well with the viral replication. Using the known inhibitor ribavirin, we confirmed that the MAYV-eGFP reporter virus could be used for antiviral screening to identify the specific inhibitors against MAYV. Using the MAYV-eGFP based antiviral assay, we found that the compound 6-Azauridine which had antiviral activity against CHIKV and SFV, showed a significant inhibitory effect on MAYV replication.
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75
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Levi LI, Vignuzzi M. Arthritogenic Alphaviruses: A Worldwide Emerging Threat? Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7050133. [PMID: 31091828 PMCID: PMC6560413 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7050133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthritogenic alphaviruses are responsible for a dengue-like syndrome associated with severe debilitating polyarthralgia that can persist for months or years and impact life quality. Chikungunya virus is the most well-known member of this family since it was responsible for two worldwide epidemics with millions of cases in the last 15 years. However, other arthritogenic alphaviruses that are as of yet restrained to specific territories are the cause of neglected tropical diseases: O'nyong'nyong virus in Sub-Saharan Africa, Mayaro virus in Latin America, and Ross River virus in Australia and the Pacific island countries and territories. This review evaluates their emerging potential in light of the current knowledge for each of them and in comparison to chikungunya virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura I Levi
- Populations Virales et Pathogenèse, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France.
- Ecole doctorale BioSPC, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Populations Virales et Pathogenèse, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France.
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Grillet ME, Hernández-Villena JV, Llewellyn MS, Paniz-Mondolfi AE, Tami A, Vincenti-Gonzalez MF, Marquez M, Mogollon-Mendoza AC, Hernandez-Pereira CE, Plaza-Morr JD, Blohm G, Grijalva MJ, Costales JA, Ferguson HM, Schwabl P, Hernandez-Castro LE, Lamberton PHL, Streicker DG, Haydon DT, Miles MA, Acosta-Serrano A, Acquattela H, Basañez MG, Benaim G, Colmenares LA, Conn JE, Espinoza R, Freilij H, Graterol-Gil MC, Hotez PJ, Kato H, Lednicky JA, Martinez CE, Mas-Coma S, Morris JG, Navarro JC, Ramirez JL, Rodriguez M, Urbina JA, Villegas L, Segovia MJ, Carrasco HJ, Crainey JL, Luz SLB, Moreno JD, Noya Gonzalez OO, Ramírez JD, Alarcón-de Noya B. Venezuela's humanitarian crisis, resurgence of vector-borne diseases, and implications for spillover in the region. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019; 19:e149-e161. [PMID: 30799251 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30757-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the past 5-10 years, Venezuela has faced a severe economic crisis, precipitated by political instability and declining oil revenue. Public health provision has been affected particularly. In this Review, we assess the impact of Venezuela's health-care crisis on vector-borne diseases, and the spillover into neighbouring countries. Between 2000 and 2015, Venezuela witnessed a 359% increase in malaria cases, followed by a 71% increase in 2017 (411 586 cases) compared with 2016 (240 613). Neighbouring countries, such as Brazil, have reported an escalating trend of imported malaria cases from Venezuela, from 1538 in 2014 to 3129 in 2017. In Venezuela, active Chagas disease transmission has been reported, with seroprevalence in children (<10 years), estimated to be as high as 12·5% in one community tested (n=64). Dengue incidence increased by more than four times between 1990 and 2016. The estimated incidence of chikungunya during its epidemic peak is 6975 cases per 100 000 people and that of Zika virus is 2057 cases per 100 000 people. The re-emergence of many vector-borne diseases represents a public health crisis in Venezuela and has the possibility of severely undermining regional disease elimination efforts. National, regional, and global authorities must take action to address these worsening epidemics and prevent their expansion beyond Venezuelan borders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Grillet
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | - Martin S Llewellyn
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Alberto E Paniz-Mondolfi
- Infectious Diseases Research Incubator and the Zoonosis and Emerging Pathogens Regional Collaborative Network, Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Clinica IDB Cabudare, Cabudare, Venezuela; Instituto de Estudios Avanzados, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Adriana Tami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela
| | - Maria F Vincenti-Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marilianna Marquez
- Infectious Diseases Research Incubator and the Zoonosis and Emerging Pathogens Regional Collaborative Network, Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Clinica IDB Cabudare, Cabudare, Venezuela; Health Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Universidad Centrooccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Lara State, Venezuela
| | - Adriana C Mogollon-Mendoza
- Infectious Diseases Research Incubator and the Zoonosis and Emerging Pathogens Regional Collaborative Network, Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Clinica IDB Cabudare, Cabudare, Venezuela; Health Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Universidad Centrooccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Lara State, Venezuela
| | - Carlos E Hernandez-Pereira
- Infectious Diseases Research Incubator and the Zoonosis and Emerging Pathogens Regional Collaborative Network, Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Clinica IDB Cabudare, Cabudare, Venezuela; Health Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Universidad Centrooccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Lara State, Venezuela
| | - Juan D Plaza-Morr
- Infectious Diseases Research Incubator and the Zoonosis and Emerging Pathogens Regional Collaborative Network, Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Clinica IDB Cabudare, Cabudare, Venezuela; Health Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda, Punto Fijo, Falcón State, Venezuela
| | - Gabriella Blohm
- Infectious Diseases Research Incubator and the Zoonosis and Emerging Pathogens Regional Collaborative Network, Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Clinica IDB Cabudare, Cabudare, Venezuela; Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mario J Grijalva
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Jaime A Costales
- Center for Research on Health in Latin America, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Heather M Ferguson
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Philipp Schwabl
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Poppy H L Lamberton
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel G Streicker
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel T Haydon
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael A Miles
- Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alvaro Acosta-Serrano
- Department of Vector Biology and Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Maria G Basañez
- Department of Vector Biology and Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gustavo Benaim
- Instituto de Biología Experimental, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela; Instituto de Estudios Avanzados, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Luis A Colmenares
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Jan E Conn
- Griffin Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; School of Public Health, University at Albany, NY, USA
| | - Raul Espinoza
- Hospital Miguel Pérez Carreño, Instituto Venezolano de los Seguros Sociales, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Hector Freilij
- Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mary C Graterol-Gil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Peter J Hotez
- National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hirotomo Kato
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - John A Lednicky
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Clara E Martinez
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Santiago Mas-Coma
- Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Glen Morris
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Juan C Navarro
- Enfermedades Emergentes y Salud Ambiental, Centro de Biodiversidad, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jose L Ramirez
- Biotechnology Center, Instituto de Estudios Avanzados, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Marlenes Rodriguez
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Julio A Urbina
- Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | - Maikell J Segovia
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Hernan J Carrasco
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - James L Crainey
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane ILMD/FIOCRUZ, Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Sergio L B Luz
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane ILMD/FIOCRUZ, Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Juan D Moreno
- Centro de Investigaciones de Campo "Dr Francesco Vitanza", Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Altos Estudios "Dr Arnoldo Gabaldon", MPPS, Tumeremo, Venezuela
| | - Oscar O Noya Gonzalez
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela; Centro de Investigaciones de Campo "Dr Francesco Vitanza", Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Altos Estudios "Dr Arnoldo Gabaldon", MPPS, Tumeremo, Venezuela
| | - Juan D Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR, Programa de Biología, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay To Detect Antibodies Targeting Recombinant Envelope Protein 2 of Mayaro Virus. J Clin Microbiol 2019; 57:JCM.01892-18. [PMID: 30787146 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01892-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a neglected arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) antigenically clustered into the Semliki Forest complex group of Alphavirus genus (Togaviridae family), maintained in an unclear zoonotic cycle involving mosquitoes from Haemagogus genus as the main vector. The genome is composed of a positive single-stranded RNA of 11.5 kb in length, which contains two genes that encode four nonstructural (nsP1 to nsP4) and five structural (C, E3, E2, 6K, and E1) proteins. In the present study, we have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using as antigen the recombinant envelope protein 2 of MAYV produced in an Escherichia coli system (rE2-MAYV ELISAs). A panel of 68 human serum samples from suspected arboviral cases was analyzed and titrated for anti-MAYV IgM and IgG antibody detection. The rE2-MAYV ELISA detected 33.8% (23/68) IgG-positive samples, demonstrating 100% sensitivity and 78.95% specificity compared to the MAYV-specific 50% plaque reduction neutralization assay. In addition, the positive MAYV-neutralizing samples showed high titers of detection by rE2-MAYV ELISA, suggesting a highly sensitive test. The rE2-MAYV ELISA also detected 42.5% (29/68) IgM-positive samples, of which 13.8% (4/29) presented high-avidity interactions with rE2-MAYV. Cross-reactivity was observed with Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-specific murine antibody sample but not with CHIKV-specific human and other Alphavirus murine antibodies. In short, we have developed a rapid, simple, specific, and sensitive MAYV rE2-ELISA, and our preliminary results show its potential applicability to diagnosis of MAYV infections.
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78
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Kantor AM, Lin J, Wang A, Thompson DC, Franz AWE. Infection Pattern of Mayaro Virus in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Transmission Potential of the Virus in Mixed Infections With Chikungunya Virus. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:832-843. [PMID: 30668762 PMCID: PMC6467640 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV; Togaviridae; Alphavirus) has drawn increasing attention as an arthropod-borne virus with potential to cause outbreaks among the human populations of the Western Hemisphere. In the tropical regions of Central and South America, the virus exists in sylvatic cycles between mosquitoes and primate reservoirs such as marmosets. Although forest-dwelling mosquitoes are regarded as important vectors for MAYV, it has been shown previously that the virus can infect and potentially be transmitted by the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Here, we compare the infection and transmission efficiencies of two MAYV strains, IQT 4235 from Iquitos, Peru ('IQT') and the type strain of MAYV from Trinidad, TRVL 4675 ('TRVL') in two laboratory-adapted Ae. aegypti strains, Higgs White Eye and Orlando. The TRVL strain was less efficiently transmitted by both mosquito strains than MAYV IQT. Based on the full-length nucleotide sequences of the two viral genomes, we show that the TRVL prototype strain of MAYV is phylogenetically ancestral and more distantly related to the IQT strain. The TRVL strain efficiently infected wild-type Ae. albopictus from Missouri and readily disseminated in those. Considering scenarios in which natural MAYV transmission cycles may overlap with those of chikungunya virus (CHIKV; Togaviridae; Alphavirus), we assessed the effects of mixed infections of the two viruses in mosquitoes based on coinfection or superinfection. Although coinfection had no measurable effect on the transmission potential of either virus, we observed superinfection exclusion for CHIKV in MAYV-infected mosquitoes but not for MAYV in CHIKV-infected mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher M Kantor
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Jingyi Lin
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Allen Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Dana C Thompson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
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79
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Protective immunity by an engineered DNA vaccine for Mayaro virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007042. [PMID: 30730897 PMCID: PMC6366747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) of the genus alphavirus is a mosquito-transmitted emerging infectious disease that causes an acute febrile illness, rash, headaches, and nausea that may turn into incapacitating, persistent arthralgias in some victims. Since its discovery in Trinidad in 1954, cases of MAYV infection have largely been confined there and to the northern countries of South America, but recently, MAYV cases have been reported in some island nations in the Caribbean Sea. Accompanying these reports is evidence that new vectors, including Aedes spp. mosquitos, recently implicated in the global spread of Zika and chikungunya viruses, are competent for MAYV transmission, which, if true, could facilitate the spread of MAYV beyond its current range. Despite its status as an emerging virus, there are no licensed vaccines to prevent MAYV infection nor therapeutics to treat it. Here, we describe the development and testing of a novel DNA vaccine, scMAYV-E, that encodes a synthetically-designed consensus MAYV envelope sequence. In vivo electroporation-enhanced immunization of mice with this vaccine induced potent humoral responses including neutralizing antibodies as well as robust T-cell responses to multiple epitopes in the MAYV envelope. Importantly, these scMAYV-E-induced immune responses protected susceptible mice from morbidity and mortality following a MAYV challenge.
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80
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Henss L, Yue C, Kandler J, Faddy HM, Simmons G, Panning M, Lewis-Ximenez LL, Baylis SA, Schnierle BS. Establishment of an Alphavirus-Specific Neutralization Assay to Distinguish Infections with Different Members of the Semliki Forest complex. Viruses 2019; 11:E82. [PMID: 30669393 PMCID: PMC6356848 DOI: 10.3390/v11010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alphaviruses are transmitted by arthropod vectors and can be found worldwide. Alphaviruses of the Semliki Forest complex such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Mayaro virus (MAYV) or Ross River virus (RRV) cause acute febrile illness and long-lasting arthralgia in humans, which cannot be clinically discriminated from a dengue virus or Zika virus infection. Alphaviruses utilize a diverse array of mosquito vectors for transmission and spread. For instance, adaptation of CHIKV to transmission by Aedes albopictus has increased its spread and resulted in large outbreaks in the Indian Ocean islands. For many alphaviruses commercial diagnostic tests are not available or show cross-reactivity among alphaviruses. Climate change and globalization will increase the spread of alphaviruses and monitoring of infections is necessary and requires virus-specific methods. METHOD We established an alphavirus neutralization assay in a 384-well format by using pseudotyped lentiviral vectors. RESULTS MAYV-specific reactivity could be discriminated from CHIKV reactivity. Human plasma from blood donors infected with RRV could be clearly identified and did not cross-react with other alphaviruses. CONCLUSION This safe and easy to use multiplex assay allows the discrimination of alphavirus-specific reactivity within a single assay and has potential for epidemiological surveillance. It might also be useful for the development of a pan-alphavirus vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Henss
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Department of Virology, 63225 Langen, Germany.
| | - Constanze Yue
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Department of Virology, 63225 Langen, Germany.
| | - Joshua Kandler
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Department of Virology, 63225 Langen, Germany.
| | - Helen M Faddy
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Brisbane QLD 4000, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Graham Simmons
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118-4417, USA.
| | - Marcus Panning
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
| | | | - Sally A Baylis
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Department of Virology, 63225 Langen, Germany.
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81
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Wiggins K, Eastmond B, Alto BW. Transmission potential of Mayaro virus in Florida Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 32:436-442. [PMID: 30006976 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging mosquito-borne arbovirus present in Central and South America that causes arthralgia and febrile illness. Domestic mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes albopictus are potential vectors of MAYV that may allow for transmission to humans in urban settings. The present paper assesses susceptibility to infection, disseminated infection and transmission potential in Florida Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus for MAYV. Oral infection was significantly higher in Ae. albopictus (85-100%) than in Ae. aegypti (67-82%). Viral dissemination to the haemocoel in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes was rapid and co-occurred with infection of the salivary glands. Rates of disseminated infection were generally higher in Ae. aegypti (45-85%) than in Ae. albopictus (38-76%), although the difference was significant only at 9 days after feeding on MAYV-infected blood. Both mosquito species exhibited low rates of MAYV infection in saliva expectorates. Viral titres in the bodies of mosquitoes increased in line with the number of days post-blood feeding and were higher in Ae. aegypti than in Ae. albopictus. Although Florida mosquito vectors have the potential to transmit MAYV and thus to initiate an urban cycle after having fed on higher titres of MAYV-infected blood, lower viraemia in infected humans is likely to limit transmission potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wiggins
- Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, U.S.A
- Indian River Stage College, Biology Department, Fort Pierce, FL, U.S.A
| | - B Eastmond
- Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, U.S.A
| | - B W Alto
- Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, U.S.A
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Brustolin M, Pujhari S, Henderson CA, Rasgon JL. Anopheles mosquitoes may drive invasion and transmission of Mayaro virus across geographically diverse regions. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006895. [PMID: 30403665 PMCID: PMC6242690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Togavirus (Alphavirus) Mayaro virus (MAYV) was initially described in 1954 from Mayaro County (Trinidad) and has been responsible for outbreaks in South America and the Caribbean. Imported MAYV cases are on the rise, leading to invasion concerns similar to Chikungunya and Zika viruses. Little is known about the range of mosquito species that are competent MAYV vectors. We tested vector competence of 2 MAYV genotypes in laboratory strains of six mosquito species (Aedes aegypti, Anopheles freeborni, An. gambiae, An. quadrimaculatus, An. stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus). Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus were poor MAYV vectors, and had either poor or null infection and transmission rates at the tested viral challenge titers. In contrast, all Anopheles species were able to transmit MAYV, and 3 of the 4 species transmitted both genotypes. The Anopheles species tested are divergent and native to widely separated geographic regions (Africa, Asia, North America), suggesting that Anopheles may be important in the invasion and spread of MAYV across diverse regions of the world. Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a mosquito-borne Alphavirus responsible for outbreaks in South America and the Caribbean. In this study we infected different species of mosquito (belonging to the genera Aedes, Anopheles and Culex) with MAYV and tested their capacity to transmit the virus at different time points. Results show that Anopheles mosquitoes were competent vectors for 2 genotypes of MAYV, while Aedes and Culex were poor vectors. The capacity of Anopheles mosquitoes to transmit MAYV highlights their importance as neglected vectors of arboviruses. These data suggest that Anopheles mosquitoes have the potential to sustain transmission cycles of neglected pathogens in naïve regions, including the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Brustolin
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Sujit Pujhari
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Cory A. Henderson
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Jason L. Rasgon
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kantor AM, Grant DG, Balaraman V, White TA, Franz AWE. Ultrastructural Analysis of Chikungunya Virus Dissemination from the Midgut of the Yellow Fever Mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Viruses 2018; 10:E571. [PMID: 30340365 PMCID: PMC6213114 DOI: 10.3390/v10100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmission cycle of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) requires that mosquito vectors get persistently infected with the virus, following its oral acqsuisition from a vertebrate host. The mosquito midgut is the initial organ that gets infected with orally acquired CHIKV. Following its replication in the midgut epithelium, the virus exits the midgut and infects secondary tissues including the salivary glands before being transmitted to another host. Here, we investigate the pattern of CHIKV dissemination from the midgut of Aedes aegypti at the ultrastructural level. Bloodmeal ingestion caused overstretching of the midgut basal lamina (BL), which was disrupted in areas adjacent to muscles surrounding the midgut as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Using both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) to analyze midgut preparations, mature chikungunya (CHIK) virions were found accumulating at the BL and within strands of the BL at 24⁻32 h post-infectious bloodmeal (pibm). From 48 h pibm onwards, virions no longer congregated at the BL and became dispersed throughout the basal labyrinth of the epithelial cells. Ingestion of a subsequent, non-infectious bloodmeal caused mature virions to congregate again at the midgut BL. Our study suggests that CHIKV needs a single replication cycle in the midgut epithelium before mature virions directly traverse the midgut BL during a relatively narrow time window, within 48 h pibm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher M. Kantor
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.K.); (V.B.)
| | - DeAna G. Grant
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (D.G.G.); (T.A.W.)
| | - Velmurugan Balaraman
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.K.); (V.B.)
| | - Tommi A. White
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (D.G.G.); (T.A.W.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Alexander W. E. Franz
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.K.); (V.B.)
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Mayaro: an emerging viral threat? Emerg Microbes Infect 2018; 7:163. [PMID: 30254258 PMCID: PMC6156602 DOI: 10.1038/s41426-018-0163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV), an enveloped RNA virus, belongs to the Togaviridae family and Alphavirus genus. This arthropod-borne virus (Arbovirus) is similar to Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). The term “ChikDenMaZika syndrome” has been coined for clinically suspected arboviruses, which have arisen as a consequence of the high viral burden, viral co-infection, and co-circulation in South America. In most cases, MAYV disease is nonspecific, mild, and self-limited. Fever, arthralgia, and maculopapular rash are among the most common symptoms described, being largely indistinguishable from those caused by other arboviruses. However, severe manifestations of the infection have been reported, such as chronic polyarthritis, neurological complications, hemorrhage, myocarditis, and even death. Currently, there are no specific commercial tools for the diagnosis of MAYV, and the use of serological methods can be affected by cross-reactivity and the window period. A diagnosis based on clinical and epidemiological data alone is still premature. Therefore, new entomological research is warranted, and new highly specific molecular diagnostic methods should be developed. This comprehensive review is intended to encourage public health authorities and scientific communities to actively work on diagnosing, preventing, and treating MAYV infection.
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White SK, Mavian C, Elbadry MA, Beau De Rochars VM, Paisie T, Telisma T, Salemi M, Lednicky JA, Morris JG. Detection and phylogenetic characterization of arbovirus dual-infections among persons during a chikungunya fever outbreak, Haiti 2014. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006505. [PMID: 29851952 PMCID: PMC5997359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of recent arbovirus epidemics, questions about the frequency of simultaneous infection of patients with different arbovirus species have been raised. In 2014, a major Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemic impacted the Caribbean and South America. As part of ongoing screening of schoolchildren presenting with acute undifferentiated febrile illness in rural Haiti, we used RT-PCR to identify CHIKV infections in 82 of 100 children with this diagnosis during May-August 2014. Among these, eight were infected with a second arbovirus: six with Zika virus (ZIKV), one with Dengue virus serotype 2, and one with Mayaro virus (MAYV). These dual infections were only detected following culture of the specimen, suggesting low viral loads of the co-infecting species. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the ZIKV and MAYV strains differ from those detected later in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Moreover, CHIKV and ZIKV strains from co-infected patients clustered monophyletically in their respective phylogeny, and clock calibration traced back the common ancestor of each clade to an overlapping timeframe of introduction of these arboviruses onto the island.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. White
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Carla Mavian
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Maha A. Elbadry
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Valery Madsen Beau De Rochars
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Taylor Paisie
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Taina Telisma
- Christianville Foundation School Clinic, Gressier, Haiti
| | - Marco Salemi
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - John A. Lednicky
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - J. Glenn Morris
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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Smith JL, Pugh CL, Cisney ED, Keasey SL, Guevara C, Ampuero JS, Comach G, Gomez D, Ochoa-Diaz M, Hontz RD, Ulrich RG. Human Antibody Responses to Emerging Mayaro Virus and Cocirculating Alphavirus Infections Examined by Using Structural Proteins from Nine New and Old World Lineages. mSphere 2018; 3:e00003-18. [PMID: 29577083 PMCID: PMC5863033 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00003-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are vector-borne alphaviruses that cocirculate in South America. Human infections by these viruses are frequently underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, especially in areas with high dengue virus endemicity. Disease may progress to debilitating arthralgia (MAYV, CHIKV), encephalitis (VEEV), and death. Few standardized serological assays exist for specific human alphavirus infection detection, and antigen cross-reactivity can be problematic. Therefore, serological platforms that aid in the specific detection of multiple alphavirus infections will greatly expand disease surveillance for these emerging infections. In this study, serum samples from South American patients with PCR- and/or isolation-confirmed infections caused by MAYV, VEEV, and CHIKV were examined by using a protein microarray assembled with recombinant capsid, envelope protein 1 (E1), and E2 from nine New and Old World alphaviruses. Notably, specific antibody recognition of E1 was observed only with MAYV infections, whereas E2 was specifically targeted by antibodies from all of the alphavirus infections investigated, with evidence of cross-reactivity to E2 of o'nyong-nyong virus only in CHIKV-infected patient serum samples. Our findings suggest that alphavirus structural protein microarrays can distinguish infections caused by MAYV, VEEV, and CHIKV and that this multiplexed serological platform could be useful for high-throughput disease surveillance. IMPORTANCE Mayaro, chikungunya, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses are closely related alphaviruses that are spread by mosquitos, causing diseases that produce similar influenza-like symptoms or more severe illnesses. Moreover, alphavirus infection symptoms can be similar to those of dengue or Zika disease, leading to underreporting of cases and potential misdiagnoses. New methods that can be used to detect antibody responses to multiple alphaviruses within the same assay would greatly aid disease surveillance efforts. However, possible antibody cross-reactivity between viruses can reduce the quality of laboratory results. Our results demonstrate that antibody responses to multiple alphaviruses can be specifically quantified within the same assay by using selected recombinant protein antigens and further show that Mayaro virus infections result in unique responses to viral envelope proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Smith
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine L. Pugh
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily D. Cisney
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah L. Keasey
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Guillermo Comach
- Laboratorio Regional de Diagnostico e Investigación del Dengue y Otras Enfermedades Virales (LARDIDEV), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad de Carabobo (BIOMED.UC), Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela
| | - Doris Gomez
- Universidad de Cartagena, Doctorado en Medicina Tropical, Grupo UNIMOL, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Margarita Ochoa-Diaz
- Universidad de Cartagena, Doctorado en Medicina Tropical, Grupo UNIMOL, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Robert D. Hontz
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6 (NAMRU-6), Lima, Peru
| | - Robert G. Ulrich
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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How Do Virus-Mosquito Interactions Lead to Viral Emergence? Trends Parasitol 2018; 34:310-321. [PMID: 29305089 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Arboviruses such as West Nile, Zika, chikungunya, dengue, and yellow fever viruses have become highly significant global pathogens through unexpected, explosive outbreaks. While the rapid progression and frequency of recent arbovirus outbreaks is associated with long-term changes in human behavior (globalization, urbanization, climate change), there are direct mosquito-virus interactions which drive shifts in host range and alter virus transmission. This review summarizes how virus-mosquito interactions are critical for these viruses to become global pathogens at molecular, physiological, evolutionary, and epidemiological scales. Integrated proactive approaches are required in order to effectively manage the emergence of mosquito-borne arboviruses, which appears likely to continue into the indefinite future.
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88
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Adawi M, Bragazzi NL, Watad A, Sharif K, Amital H, Mahroum N. Discrepancies Between Classic and Digital Epidemiology in Searching for the Mayaro Virus: Preliminary Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Google Trends. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2017; 3:e93. [PMID: 29196278 PMCID: PMC5732327 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.9136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mayaro virus (MAYV), first discovered in Trinidad in 1954, is spread by the Haemagogus mosquito. Small outbreaks have been described in the past in the Amazon jungles of Brazil and other parts of South America. Recently, a case was reported in rural Haiti. OBJECTIVE Given the emerging importance of MAYV, we aimed to explore the feasibility of exploiting a Web-based tool for monitoring and tracking MAYV cases. METHODS Google Trends is an online tracking system. A Google-based approach is particularly useful to monitor especially infectious diseases epidemics. We searched Google Trends from its inception (from January 2004 through to May 2017) for MAYV-related Web searches worldwide. RESULTS We noted a burst in search volumes in the period from July 2016 (relative search volume [RSV]=13%) to December 2016 (RSV=18%), with a peak in September 2016 (RSV=100%). Before this burst, the average search activity related to MAYV was very low (median 1%). MAYV-related queries were concentrated in the Caribbean. Scientific interest from the research community and media coverage affected digital seeking behavior. CONCLUSIONS MAYV has always circulated in South America. Its recent appearance in the Caribbean has been a source of concern, which resulted in a burst of Internet queries. While Google Trends cannot be used to perform real-time epidemiological surveillance of MAYV, it can be exploited to capture the public's reaction to outbreaks. Public health workers should be aware of this, in that information and communication technologies could be used to communicate with users, reassure them about their concerns, and to empower them in making decisions affecting their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Adawi
- Padeh and Ziv Hospitals, Bar-Ilan Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Zafat, Israel
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Edinburgh Medical Missionary Society Nazareth Hospital, Nazareth, Israel
| | - Abdulla Watad
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Medicine 'B', Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Kassem Sharif
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Medicine 'B', Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Howard Amital
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Medicine 'B', Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Naim Mahroum
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Medicine 'B', Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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89
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Waggoner JJ, Rojas A, Mohamed-Hadley A, de Guillén YA, Pinsky BA. Real-time RT-PCR for Mayaro virus detection in plasma and urine. J Clin Virol 2017; 98:1-4. [PMID: 29172075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes an acute febrile illness which can be difficult to differentiate from dengue or chikungunya. MAYV RNA can be detected in plasma during the first 3-5days of illness, but only a single rRT-PCR has been fully evaluated in the literature. OBJECTIVES To develop an rRT-PCR for MAYV and evaluate assay performance using human plasma and urine samples spiked with different MAYV strains. STUDY DESIGN A MAYV rRT-PCR targeting a region of the 5'UTR and nsp1 gene was designed from the alignment of all complete-genome MAYV sequences to be compatible with existing laboratory protocols. The assay was evaluated using human samples spiked with six MAYV strains, including strains from each of the three genotypes. RESULTS The linear range of the MAYV rRT-PCR extended from 1.0 to 8.0 log10copies/μL, and the lower limit of 95% detection was 8.2copies/μL. No detection was observed when the MAYV rRT-PCR was tested with genomic RNA from related arboviruses. The assay demonstrated linear amplification of all 6 MAYV strains when spiked into human plasma samples as well as 2 strains spiked into urine. CONCLUSIONS We report the design and evaluation of an rRT-PCR for MAYV. Given the concern for MAYV emergence in the Americas and the few molecular tests that have been evaluated in the literature, this assay should provide a useful diagnostic for patients with an acute febrile illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse J Waggoner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Alejandra Rojas
- Departamento de Producción, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | - Yvalena Arévalo de Guillén
- Departamento de Producción, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Benjamin A Pinsky
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
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90
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Peña-García VH, McCracken MK, Christofferson RC. Examining the potential for South American arboviruses to spread beyond the New World. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 4:208-217. [PMID: 29785356 DOI: 10.1007/s40588-017-0076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Zika and chikungunya viruses emerged as public health emergencies in the Western Hemisphere where previously they had not been reported on a large scale. Millions were infected as the viruses met with virtually no herd immunity upon emergence. Purpose of the Review We explore the histories of these two recent arbovirus experiences in South America. We then review similarly three endemic South American viruses: yellow fever, Oropouche, and Mayaro viruses. Recent Findings We discuss the commonalities of the transmission systems and the possibility of an atypical emergence, that of New World virus to the Old World. Summary We discuss the avenues for research that would increase preparedness and efficiency of response should a South American arbovirus emerge in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Hugo Peña-García
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Boyacá, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia
| | - Michael K McCracken
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA
| | - Rebecca C Christofferson
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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91
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Hotez
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
- James A Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs, The Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PJH); (KOM)
| | - Kristy O. Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PJH); (KOM)
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Mavian C, Rife BD, Dollar JJ, Cella E, Ciccozzi M, Prosperi MCF, Lednicky J, Morris JG, Capua I, Salemi M. Emergence of recombinant Mayaro virus strains from the Amazon basin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8718. [PMID: 28821712 PMCID: PMC5562835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV), causative agent of Mayaro Fever, is an arbovirus transmitted by Haemagogus mosquitoes. Despite recent attention due to the identification of several cases in South and Central America and the Caribbean, limited information on MAYV evolution and epidemiology exists and represents a barrier to prevention of further spread. We present a thorough spatiotemporal evolutionary study of MAYV full-genome sequences collected over the last sixty years within South America and Haiti, revealing recent recombination events and adaptation to a broad host and vector range, including Aedes mosquito species. We employed a Bayesian phylogeography approach to characterize the emergence of recombinants in Brazil and Haiti and report evidence in favor of the putative role of human mobility in facilitating recombination among MAYV strains from geographically distinct regions. Spatiotemporal characteristics of recombination events and the emergence of this previously neglected virus in Haiti, a known hub for pathogen spread to the Americas, warrants close monitoring of MAYV infection in the immediate future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Mavian
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brittany D Rife
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - James Jarad Dollar
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eleonora Cella
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Ciccozzi
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - John Lednicky
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - J Glenn Morris
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ilaria Capua
- One Health Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Marco Salemi
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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93
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Esposito DLA, Fonseca BALD. Will Mayaro virus be responsible for the next outbreak of an arthropod-borne virus in Brazil? Braz J Infect Dis 2017; 21:540-544. [PMID: 28688628 PMCID: PMC9425496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus is an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family and is transmitted mainly by Hemagogus mosquitoes. This virus circulates in high-density tropical forests or rural areas of Central and South America causing a disease characterized by high-grade fever, maculopapular skin rash and marked arthralgia that, in some patients, can persist for long periods after infection and may be misinterpreted as chikungunya. Although only a few outbreaks involving this virus have been reported, in the last years the number of Mayaro virus infections has increased in the central and northern regions of Brazil. In this review, we describe the reported prevalence of this infection over the years and discuss the circumstances that can contribute to the establishment of an urban mayaro virus epidemic in Brazil and the problems encountered with the specific diagnosis, especially the antigenic cross-reactivity of this pathogen with other viruses of the same family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danillo Lucas Alves Esposito
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departmento de Clínica Médica, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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95
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Marcondes CB, Contigiani M, Gleiser RM. Emergent and Reemergent Arboviruses in South America and the Caribbean: Why So Many and Why Now? JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:509-532. [PMID: 28399216 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Varios arbovirus han emergido y/o reemergido en el Nuevo Mundo en las últimas décadas. Los virus Zika y chikungunya, anteriormente restringidos a África y quizás Asia, invadieron el continente, causando gran preocupación; además siguen ocurriendo brotes causados por el virus dengue en casi todos los países, con millones de casos por año. El virus West Nile invadió rápidamente América del Norte, y ya se han encontrado casos en América Central y del Sur. Otros arbovirus, como Mayaro y el virus de la encefalitis equina del este han aumentado su actividad y se han encontrado en nuevas regiones. Se han documentado cambios en la patogenicidad de algunos virus que conducen a enfermedades inesperadas. Una fauna diversa de mosquitos, cambios climáticos y en la vegetación, aumento de los viajes, y urbanizaciones no planificadas que generan condiciones adecuadas para la proliferación de Aedes aegypti (L.), Culex quinquefasciatus Say y otros mosquitos vectores, se han combinado para influir fuertemente en los cambios en la distribución y la incidencia de varios arbovirus. Se enfatiza la necesidad de realizar estudios exhaustivos de la fauna de mosquitos y modificaciones de las condiciones ambientales, sobre todo en las zonas urbanas fuertemente influenciadas por factores sociales, políticos y económicos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Brisola Marcondes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marta Contigiani
- Emeritus Professor, Instituto de Virologia "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Enfermera Gordillo Gomez s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Raquel Miranda Gleiser
- Centro de Relevamiento y Evaluación de Recursos Agrícolas y Naturales (CREAN) - Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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96
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Dutra HLC, Caragata EP, Moreira LA. The re-emerging arboviral threat: Hidden enemies: The emergence of obscure arboviral diseases, and the potential use of Wolbachia in their control. Bioessays 2016; 39. [PMID: 28026036 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mayaro, Oropouche, and O'Nyong-Nyong share many traits with more prominent arboviruses, like dengue and yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika. These include severe clinical symptoms, multiple animal hosts, and widespread vector species living in close proximity to human habitats, all of which constitute significant risk factors for more frequent outbreaks in the future, greatly increasing the potential of these hidden enemies to follow Zika and become the next wave of global arboviral threats. Critically, the current dearth of knowledge on these arboviruses might impede the success of future control efforts, including the potential application of Wolbachia pipientis. This bacterium inherently possesses broad anti-pathogen properties and a means of genetic drive that allows it to eliminate or replace target vector populations. We conclude that control of obscure arboviruses with Wolbachia might be possible, but successful implementation will be critically dependent on the ability to transinfect key vector species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heverton Leandro Carneiro Dutra
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Eric Pearce Caragata
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciano Andrade Moreira
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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97
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Mackay IM, Arden KE. Mayaro virus: a forest virus primed for a trip to the city? Microbes Infect 2016; 18:724-734. [PMID: 27989728 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus). Infection by MAYV can produce Mayaro virus disease (MAYVD) which is usually a clinically diagnosed, acute, febrile illness associated with prolonged and painful joint inflammation and swelling. MAYVD may be clinically indistinguishable from dengue, chikungunya fever, malaria, rabies, measles or other arboviral diseases. The full spectrum of disease, sequelae, routes of infection, virus shedding and any rarer means of transmission remain undefined. MAYVD cases in humans have so far been localised to Central and South America, particularly regions in and around the Amazon basin. MAYV usually circulates in a sylvan cycle of forest mosquitoes and vertebrates, however it has also been found in more urban locations alongside anthropophilic (preferring humans) insect vectors. If transmission via anthropophilic mosquitoes becomes more efficient following viral change, or existing vectors change their habitat and biting habits, the risk of urban establishment and further spread into non-forested areas will grow. Surveillance, testing and vector control remain key to monitoring and preventing global spread and establishment. The possibility of MAYV becoming further urbanized is worthy of note, consideration and action to ensure MAYV does not spread beyond the forests and establish in the world's cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Mackay
- Department of Health, Public and Environmental Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Archerfield, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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98
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Navarro JC, Giambalvo D, Hernandez R, Auguste AJ, Tesh RB, Weaver SC, Montañez H, Liria J, Lima A, Travassos da Rosa JFS, da Silva SP, Vasconcelos JM, Oliveira R, Vianez JLSG, Nunes MRT. Isolation of Madre de Dios Virus (Orthobunyavirus; Bunyaviridae), an Oropouche Virus Species Reassortant, from a Monkey in Venezuela. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 95:328-38. [PMID: 27215299 PMCID: PMC4973178 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oropouche virus (OROV), genus Orthobunyavirus, family Bunyaviridae, is an important cause of human illness in tropical South America. Herein, we report the isolation, complete genome sequence, genetic characterization, and phylogenetic analysis of an OROV species reassortant, Madre de Dios virus (MDDV), obtained from a sick monkey (Cebus olivaceus Schomburgk) collected in a forest near Atapirire, a small rural village located in Anzoategui State, Venezuela. MDDV is one of a growing number of naturally occurring OROV species reassortants isolated in South America and was known previously only from southern Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Carlos Navarro
- Lab Biología de Vectores, Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Dileyvic Giambalvo
- Lab Biología de Vectores, Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Rosa Hernandez
- Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel" (INHRR), Ciudad Universitaria, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Albert J Auguste
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Robert B Tesh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Scott C Weaver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Humberto Montañez
- Dirección General de Salud Ambiental, Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Jonathan Liria
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias y Tecnología (FACYT), Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela
| | - Anderson Lima
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
| | | | - Sandro P da Silva
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
| | - Janaina M Vasconcelos
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Oliveira
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
| | - João L S G Vianez
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
| | - Marcio R T Nunes
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil.
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99
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Paniz-Mondolfi AE, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Blohm G, Marquez M, Villamil-Gomez WE. ChikDenMaZika Syndrome: the challenge of diagnosing arboviral infections in the midst of concurrent epidemics. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2016; 15:42. [PMID: 27449770 PMCID: PMC4957883 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-016-0157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto E. Paniz-Mondolfi
- />Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Internacional, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
- />Laboratory of Biochemistry, Instituto de Biomedicina/IVSS, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- />Colombian Collaborative Network on Zika (RECOLZIKA), Pereira, Risaralda Colombia
- />Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda Colombia
- />Organización Latinoamericana Para el Fomento de la Investigación en Salud (OLFIS), Bucaramanga, Santander Colombia
- />Committee on Zoonoses and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN), Bogotá, DC Colombia
| | - Gabriela Blohm
- />Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Marilianna Marquez
- />Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Internacional, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - Wilmer E. Villamil-Gomez
- />Colombian Collaborative Network on Zika (RECOLZIKA), Pereira, Risaralda Colombia
- />Committee on Zoonoses and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN), Bogotá, DC Colombia
- />Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Research Group, Hospital Universitario de Sincelejo, Sincelejo, Sucre Colombia
- />Programa del Doctorado de Medicina Tropical, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
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100
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Dengue and chikungunya: modelling the expansion of mosquito-borne viruses into naïve populations. Parasitology 2016; 143:860-873. [PMID: 27045211 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182016000421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
With the recent global spread of a number of mosquito-borne viruses, there is an urgent need to understand the factors that contribute to the ability of viruses to expand into naïve populations. Using dengue and chikungunya viruses as case studies, we detail the necessary components of the expansion process: presence of the mosquito vector; introduction of the virus; and suitable conditions for local transmission. For each component we review the existing modelling approaches that have been used to understand recent emergence events or to assess the risk of future expansions. We identify gaps in our knowledge that are related to each of the distinct aspects of the human-mosquito transmission cycle: mosquito ecology; human-mosquito contact; mosquito-virus interactions; and human-virus interactions. Bridging these gaps poses challenges to both modellers and empiricists, but only through further integration of models and data will we improve our ability to better understand, and ultimately control, several infectious diseases that exert a significant burden on human health.
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