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Chalet C, Hollebrands B, Duchateau GS, Augustijns P. Intestinal phase-II metabolism of quercetin in HT29 cells, 3D human intestinal tissues and in healthy volunteers: a qualitative comparison using LC-IMS-MS and LC-HRMS. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:945-952. [PMID: 30085847 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1509246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a large class of dietary molecules, among which quercetin is the most ubiquitous, which undergo an extensive intestinal phase-II metabolism. We compared the in vivo metabolism of quercetin in healthy volunteers with two in vitro models, HT29 cells and 3 D human intestinal tissues. Supernatants of the in vitro experiments and the human intestinal fluids (HIF) were analyzed by LC-IMS-MS and LC-HRMS in a qualitative way. Quercetin glucuronides, sulfates and their methyl conjugates were detected in all three systems. The metabolic profiles were found to be different, both in terms of the metabolites produced and their relative proportions. In particular, quercetin sulfates were almost absent in supernatants from HT29 cells incubations while they were a major metabolite in HIF and also found in 3 D intestinal tissues incubations. IMS provided structural information as well as a third dimension of characterization, while HRMS brought increased sensitivity and MS/MS confirmation. HT29 cells are a useful tool to generate phase-II metabolites but do not represent the in vivo situation. 3 D intestinal tissues appear as a more relevant tool to study the intestinal phase-II metabolism of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Chalet
- a Unilever R&D , Vlaardingen , The Netherlands.,b Drug Delivery and Disposition , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
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202
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Tresserra-Rimbau A, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Moreno JJ. Polyphenols, food and pharma. Current knowledge and directions for future research. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 156:186-195. [PMID: 30086286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a large family of phytochemicals with great chemical diversity, known to be bioactive compounds of foods, species, medicinal plants and nutraceuticals. These compounds are ingested through the diet in significant amounts, around 1 g per day, an amount that be may be increased through supplements. The in vitro action of many representative polyphenols has been reported. However, their beneficial effects and their role in modulating the risk of high-prevalence diseases are difficult to demonstrate due to the wide variability of polyphenol structures and bioactive actions; the complexity of estimating the polyphenol content of food as a result of their variability in foods and cooked dishes; the potential modulation of the effects of polyphenols by food matrices; the addition of polyphenols and their synergistic interactions with each other and with other dietary bioactive components; the modulation of polyphenol bioavailability as a consequence of food composition and culinary techniques; their metabolism by the human body and the polyphenol gut microbiota metabolism in each metabotypes. Computational strategies, including virtual screening, shape-similarity-screening and molecular docking, were recently used to identify potential targets of polyphenols and thus gain a better understanding of the therapeutic effects exerted of polyphenols and modify natural polyphenol structures to potentiate specific activities. Here, we present the most relevant current knowledge and propose directions for future research in these fields, from the culinary world to the clinical setting. We hope this commentary will prompt scientists and clinicians to consider the therapeutic value of bioactive polyphenols and help shed some light on how much scientific truth lies in Hippocrates' famous quote: "Let your food be your medicine".
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Health Research Center, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventos
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan J Moreno
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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203
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Zamora-Ros R, Biessy C, Rothwell JA, Monge A, Lajous M, Scalbert A, López-Ridaura R, Romieu I. Dietary polyphenol intake and their major food sources in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort. Br J Nutr 2018; 120:353-360. [PMID: 29860950 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518001381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Several descriptive studies on the intake of polyphenols, mostly flavonoids, have been published, especially in Europe and the USA, but insufficient data are still available in Latin-American countries, where different types of foods are consumed and different dietary habits are observed. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to estimate dietary intakes of polyphenols, including grand total, total per classes and subclasses and individual compounds, and to identify their main food sources in Mexican women. The Mexican Teachers' Cohort includes 115 315 female teachers, 25 years and older, from twelve states of Mexico, including urban and rural areas. Dietary data were collected in the period 2008-2011 using a validated FFQ, and individual polyphenol intake was estimated using food composition data from the Phenol-Explorer database. Median total polyphenol intake was the highest in Baja California (750 mg/d) and the lowest in Yucatan (536 mg/d). The main polyphenols consumed were phenolic acids (56·3-68·5 % total polyphenols), followed by flavonoids (28·8-40·9 %). Intake of other polyphenol subclasses (stilbenes, lignans and others) was insignificant. Coffee and fruits were the most important food sources of phenolic acids and flavonoids, respectively. Intake of a total of 287 different individual polyphenols could be estimated, of which forty-two were consumed in an amount ≥1 mg/d. The most largely consumed polyphenols were several caffeoylquinic acids (ranging from 20 and 460 mg/d), ferulic acid, hesperidin and proanthocyanidins. This study shows a large heterogeneity in intakes of individual polyphenols among Mexican women, but a moderate heterogeneity across Mexican states. Main food sources were also similar in the different states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Zamora-Ros
- 1Unit of Nutrition and Cancer,Cancer Epidemiology Research Program,Catalan Institute of Oncology,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL),08908 Barcelona,Spain
| | - Carine Biessy
- 2Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),69372 Lyon,France
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- 2Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),69372 Lyon,France
| | - Adriana Monge
- 3Center for Population Health Research,National Institute of Public Health,62100 Cuernavaca,Mexico
| | - Martin Lajous
- 3Center for Population Health Research,National Institute of Public Health,62100 Cuernavaca,Mexico
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- 2Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),69372 Lyon,France
| | - Ruy López-Ridaura
- 3Center for Population Health Research,National Institute of Public Health,62100 Cuernavaca,Mexico
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- 2Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),69372 Lyon,France
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204
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Estimated dietary intake of polyphenols in European adolescents: the HELENA study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:2345-2363. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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205
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Triphala: current applications and new perspectives on the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Chin Med 2018; 13:39. [PMID: 30034512 PMCID: PMC6052535 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ayurvedic medicine is based on natural healing methods that use herbal medicine to cleanse the body of toxins and to attain physical and mental regeneration. Triphala (TLP) is one of the most important ayurvedic supplements and is believed to have a beneficial effect on the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Purpose We aim to summarize available literature focused on the components of TLP (Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellerica and Phyllanthus emblica) and discusse their effectiveness and therapeutic value for improving lower GI symptoms in functional GI disorders, particularly irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods This study is based on pertinent papers that were retrieved by a selective search using relevant keywords in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Results The components of TLP are believed to cause restoration of the epithelium lining of the digestive tract, and by exhibiting mild laxative properties facilitate passage of stool in the colon. TLP is rich in polyphenols, vitamin C and flavonoids, which provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It also contains various types of acids, such as gallic, chebulagic and chebulinic, which additionally possess cytoprotective and antifungal properties. Conclusion Triphala holds potential in improving lower GI symptoms and may be a valuable and effective addition to standard treatment of IBS. Supplementation of TLP herbal formulations alone or along with other probiotics can be recommended in ongoing clinical studies.
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206
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Ng KR, Lyu X, Mark R, Chen WN. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of phenolic metabolites from flavonoid-producing yeast: Potential as natural food preservatives. Food Chem 2018; 270:123-129. [PMID: 30174025 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We analysed the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of phenolic metabolites secreted from a naringenin-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (a GRAS organism), against the pure flavonoid naringenin and its prenylated derivatives, to assess their potential as natural food preservatives. Agar disc diffusion assay was used to analyse the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, while DMPD chemiluminescence assay was used to analyse antioxidant activity, based on DMPD+-scavenging activity. Our results showed that the engineered yeast metabolites exhibited both strong antimicrobial and DMPD+-scavenging activity, particularly the metabolite phenylacetaldehyde. Pure naringenin had poor antimicrobial and DMPD+-scavenging effects. Prenylated varieties, 6-prenylnaringenin and 8-prenylnaringenin, inhibited only S. aureus, while only 8-prenylnaringenin exhibited moderate DMPD+-scavenging activity. Our results suggested that phenolic metabolites secreted from naringenin-producing yeast would be a sustainable source of natural food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Rei Ng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore.
| | - Xiaomei Lyu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore.
| | - Rita Mark
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore.
| | - Wei Ning Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore.
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207
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Chlorogenic Acid Prevents AMPA-Mediated Excitotoxicity in Optic Nerve Oligodendrocytes Through a PKC and Caspase-Dependent Pathways. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:559-573. [PMID: 30006682 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the CNS, including the optic nerve, oligodendrocytes play a critical role in the myelination of axons. Oligodendrocytes are exceptionally sensitive to insults to the CNS, such as injury, ischemia, or inflammation, which result in the loss of oligodendrocytes and myelin and eventually secondary axon degeneration. Oligodendrocytes are sensitive to excitotoxic insults mediated by overactivation of their AMPA ionotropic glutamate receptors. Phenolic compounds, which are widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, received the great attention of scientists due to their antioxidant activities and free radical scavenging abilities. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has been demonstrated to possess potent neuroprotective activities against oxidative stress in various cellular models and pathological conditions. Hence, CGA protect against oxidative stress and excitotoxic insults mediated by AMPA receptors and that the protective mechanisms involve free radical scavenging, Ca2+ handling in the cytosol, and modulating antioxidant enzyme system. CGA was associated with the protein kinase A (PKC) signaling pathways transduction. Caspases and calpains have been studied as apoptotic mediators and cell death in this model of AMPA toxicity. Inhibitors of caspases initiators, caspases 1, 8, and 9, the upstream of caspase 3 effectors, have totally abrogated the protective activity of CGA. Inhibitors of calpains also totally abrogated the protective activity of CGA. In addition, a potential role for the CGA in inhibiting Bax in oligodendrocyte cell model undergoing AMPA is inducing excitotoxic death. Our results indicate that CGA exhibits a protective potential via antioxidant and apoptosis caspases and calpains dependent against AMPA-mediated excitotoxicity, and these finding indicate that CGA is able to be a good candidate for preventive approach for neurodegenerative disorders associated with loss and damage in oligodendrocytes and AMPA-mediated excitotoxicity.
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208
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Rienks J, Barbaresko J, Oluwagbemigun K, Schmid M, Nöthlings U. Polyphenol exposure and risk of type 2 diabetes: dose-response meta-analyses and systematic review of prospective cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:49-61. [PMID: 29931039 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes is characterized by impaired glucose metabolism. Bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables such as polyphenols have been suggested to influence glucose metabolism. Objective The aim of the current study was to systematically review the literature and conduct dose-response meta-analyses to summarize evidence of polyphenol exposure in association with incident type 2 diabetes. Design Prospective epidemiologic studies published before January 2018 were searched through 2 databases. Log-transformed multivariable adjusted hazard and odds ratios were combined in a random-effects model. Meta-analyses comparing extreme quantiles of polyphenol exposure were further explored with the use of linear and nonlinear dose-response meta-analyses. Results Eighteen studies investigated the association between polyphenols (51 different compounds in total) and type 2 diabetes. A comparison of extreme quantiles revealed inverse associations for intakes of polyphenols (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.93), flavonoids (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.96), flavonols (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85, 0.98), flavan-3-ols (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.99), catechins (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.97), anthocyanidins (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.91), isoflavones (HR: 0.92; 0.86, 0.97), daidzein (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.95), genistein (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86, 0.99), and stilbenes (HR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.72), and biomarkers of daidzein (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.99) and genistein (HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.99). In the dose-response meta-analysis, nonlinear associations were observed for intakes of polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanones, anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, and biomarkers of genistein. A linear dose-response association was observed for phenolic acids. Conclusions This study adds to the evidence showing that diets rich in polyphenols, and particularly flavonoids, play a role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. For most associations evidence for nonlinearity was found, suggesting a recommendable amount of intake associated with the lowest risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, future studies are warranted in which nonlinear associations are further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Rienks
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Janett Barbaresko
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
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209
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Sestili P, Ismail T, Calcabrini C, Guescini M, Catanzaro E, Turrini E, Layla A, Akhtar S, Fimognari C. The potential effects of Ocimum basilicum on health: a review of pharmacological and toxicological studies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 14:679-692. [PMID: 29865879 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2018.1484450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basil (Ocimum basilicum L., OB) is a plant world widely used as a spice and a typical ingredient of the healthy Mediterranean diet. In traditional medicine, OB is indicated for many maladies and conditions; OB-containing nutritional supplements are increasingly sold. Conversely, safety concerns have been raised about the promutagens and procarcinogens alkenylbenzenes contained in OB. Areas covered: A critical review of the current status of OB as a nutraceutical, the pharmacology of its bioactive components, the rationale for its indications, and its safety. Expert opinion: Due to the polyphenolic and flavonoidic content, OB can be considered as an important ingredient in healthy diets; OB preparations may be effective as chemopreventive agents or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of different clinical conditions. From a toxicological perspective, since the tumorigenic potential of alkenylbenzenes is counteracted by other OB constituents such as nevadensin, it can be concluded that OB consumption in food and preparations is safe. The only concern relates to OB essential oils: in this case, a concentration limit for alkenylbenzenes should be precautionary defined, and the use of plant chemotypes with no or low levels of these alkylbenzenes for the preparation of essential oils should be made compulsory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Sestili
- a Department of Biomolecular Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino (PU) , Italy
| | - Tariq Ismail
- b Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Cinzia Calcabrini
- c Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini (RN) , Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- a Department of Biomolecular Sciences , University of Urbino Carlo Bo , Urbino (PU) , Italy
| | - Elena Catanzaro
- c Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini (RN) , Italy
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- c Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini (RN) , Italy
| | - Anam Layla
- b Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Saeed Akhtar
- b Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Punjab , Pakistan
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- c Department for Life Quality Studies , Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini (RN) , Italy
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210
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Rodríguez-Artalejo F, López-García E. Coffee Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: A Condensed Review of Epidemiological Evidence and Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5257-5263. [PMID: 29276945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages, and some studies have suggested it may be related to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of poor health in the world. This review evaluates the evidence on the effect of habitual coffee consumption on CVD incidence and mortality. The review is based mostly on observational studies and meta-analyses of the literature. In healthy people, in comparison to not consuming coffee, habitual consumption of 3-5 cups of coffee per day is associated with a 15% reduction in the risk of CVD, and higher consumption has not been linked to elevated CVD risk. Moreover, in comparison to no coffee intake, usual consumption of 1-5 cups/day is associated with a lower risk of death. In people who have already suffered a CVD event, habitual consumption does not increase the risk of a recurrent CVD or death. However, hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure should avoid consuming large doses of caffeine. In persons with well-controlled blood pressure, coffee consumption is probably safe, but this hypothesis should be confirmed by further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ , 28029 Madrid , Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute , CEI UAM+CSIC , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Esther López-García
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ , 28029 Madrid , Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute , CEI UAM+CSIC , 28049 Madrid , Spain
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211
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Chalet C, Rubbens J, Tack J, Duchateau GS, Augustijns P. Intestinal disposition of quercetin and its phase-II metabolites after oral administration in healthy volunteers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 70:1002-1008. [PMID: 29761870 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Quercetin is one of the main dietary flavonoids and undergoes a substantial intestinal phase-II metabolism. Quercetin conjugates have been detected in plasma and in urine, but their presence in the small intestine has not been assessed. This study aimed to investigate the intestinal metabolism and metabolite excretion of quercetin by the human small intestinal wall after oral dosing. METHODS Six healthy volunteers were given a capsule of 500 mg of quercetin with 240 ml of water. Duodenal fluids were collected using the intraluminal sampling technique for 4 h and analysed by LC-MS/MS. KEY FINDINGS Phase-II metabolites of quercetin were detected and quantified in aspirated intestinal fluids. Metabolites appeared almost immediately after administration, indicating an intestinal metabolism and apical excretion into the lumen. Quercetin-3'-O-glucuronide was found to be the main intestinal metabolite. Our results could not conclude on the enterohepatic recycling of quercetin or its metabolites, although several individual profiles showed distinctive peaks. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the intestinal metabolism and excretion of quercetin and its conjugates in humans and gives insights into the relevant concentrations which should be used to investigate potential food-drug interactions in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Chalet
- Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.,Drug Delivery and Disposition, Gasthuisberg O&N II, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jari Rubbens
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Gasthuisberg O&N II, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tack
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Gasthuisberg O&N1, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Patrick Augustijns
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Gasthuisberg O&N II, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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212
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Kagawa D, Fujii A, Ohtsuka M, Murase T. Ingestion of coffee polyphenols suppresses deterioration of skin barrier function after barrier disruption, concomitant with the modulation of autonomic nervous system activity in healthy subjects. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1445520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of consumption of coffee polyphenols (CPPs) on the autonomic nervous system activity and decreased skin barrier function caused by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment. In this single-blind, placebo-controlled study, ten healthy male subjects consumed either a beverage containing CPPs or a placebo beverage for four weeks. CPPs significantly suppressed the deterioration in skin barrier function and skin moisture content induced by SDS treatment after the third week. Furthermore, in the heart rate variability analysis, CPPs significantly produced an increase in parasympathetic nervous activity, and a decrease in sympathetic nervous activity after the four weeks of beverage consumption. These results suggest that CPPs might influence the regulation of the autonomic nervous system and contribute to the suppressive effect on deterioration of skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiji Kagawa
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akihiko Fujii
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ohtsuka
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
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213
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Wu G, Shen Y, Qi Y, Zhang H, Wang L, Qian H, Qi X, Li Y, Johnson SK. Improvement of in vitro and cellular antioxidant properties of Chinese steamed bread through sorghum addition. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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214
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Effect of simulated digestion on the phenolic components of red grapes and their corresponding wines. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Pounis G, Costanzo S, Bonaccio M, Di Castelnuovo A, de Curtis A, Ruggiero E, Persichillo M, Cerletti C, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L, Iacoviello L, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Vermylen J, De Paula Carrasco I, Giampaoli S, Spagnuolo A, Assanelli D, Centritto V, Spagnuolo P, Staniscia D, Bonanni A, Cerletti C, De Curtis A, Di Castelnuovo A, Lorenzet R, Mascioli A, Olivieri M, Rotilio D, Bonaccio M, Costanzo S, Gianfagna F, Giacci M, Padulo A, Petraroia D, Magnacca S, Marracino F, Spinelli M, Silvestri C, dell'Elba G, Grippi C, De Lucia F, Vohnout B, Verna A, Di Lillo M, Di Stefano I, Pampuch A, Pannichella A, Vizzarri AR, Barbato D, Bracone F, Di Giorgio C, Panebianco S, Chiovitti A, Caccamo S, Caruso V, Cugino D, Zito F, Ferri A, Castaldi C, Mignogna M, Guszcz T, Barisciano P, Buonaccorsi L, Centritto F, Cutrone A, Fanelli F, Santimone I, Sciarretta A, Sorella I, Plescia E, Molinaro A, Cavone C, Galuppo G, D'Angelo D, Ramacciato R, Persichillo M. Reduced mortality risk by a polyphenol-rich diet: An analysis from the Moli-sani study. Nutrition 2018; 48:87-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Martínez O, Salmerón J, Epelde L, Vicente M, de Vega C. Quality enhancement of smoked sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets by adding resveratrol and coating with chitosan and alginate edible films. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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217
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Cornelis MC, Gustafsson S, Ärnlöv J, Elmståhl S, Söderberg S, Sundström J, Michaëlsson K, Lind L, Ingelsson E. Targeted proteomic analysis of habitual coffee consumption. J Intern Med 2018; 283:200-211. [PMID: 29044854 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee drinking has been implicated in mortality and a variety of diseases but potential mechanisms underlying these associations are unclear. Large-scale systems epidemiological approaches may offer novel insights to mechanisms underlying associations of coffee with health. OBJECTIVE We performed an analysis of known and novel protein markers linked to cardiovascular disease and their association with habitual coffee intake in the Prospective Study of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS, n = 816) and followed up top proteins in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM, n = 635) and EpiHealth (n = 2418). METHODS In PIVUS and ULSAM, coffee intake was measured by 7-day dietary records whilst a computer-based food frequency questionnaire was used in EpiHealth. Levels of up to 80 proteins were assessed in plasma by a proximity extension assay. RESULTS Four protein-coffee associations adjusted for age, sex, smoking and BMI, met statistical significance in PIVUS (FDR < 5%, P < 2.31 × 10-3 ): leptin (LEP), chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L), tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 6 and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. The inverse association between coffee intake and LEP replicated in ULSAM (β, -0.042 SD per cup of coffee, P = 0.028) and EpiHealth (β, -0.025 SD per time of coffee, P = 0.004). The negative coffee-CHI3L association replicated in EpiHealth (β, -0.07, P = 1.15 × 10-7 ), but not in ULSAM (β, -0.034, P = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS The current study supports an inverse association between coffee intake and plasma LEP and CHI3L1 levels. The coffee-CHI3L1 association is novel and warrants further investigation given links between CHI3L1 and health conditions that are also potentially influenced by coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,School of Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - S Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - S Söderberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Cardiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Capó X, Martorell M, Busquets-Cortés C, Sureda A, Riera J, Drobnic F, Tur JA, Pons A. Effects of dietary almond- and olive oil-based docosahexaenoic acid- and vitamin E-enriched beverage supplementation on athletic performance and oxidative stress markers. Food Funct 2018; 7:4920-4934. [PMID: 27841405 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00758a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Functional beverages based on almonds and olive oil and enriched with α-tocopherol and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) could be useful in modulating oxidative stress and enhancing physical performance in sportsmen. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with functional beverages on physical performance, plasma and erythrocyte fatty acids' and polyphenol handling, oxidative and nitrative damage, and antioxidant and mitochondrial gene expression in young and senior athletes. Athletes performed maximal exercise tests before and after one month of dietary supplementation and blood samples were taken immediately before and one hour after each test. The beverages did not alter performance parameters during maximal exercise. Supplementation increased polyunsaturated and reduced saturated plasma fatty acids while increasing the DHA erythrocyte content; it maintained basal plasma and blood polyphenol levels, but increased the blood cell polyphenol concentration in senior athletes. Supplementation protects against oxidative damage although it enhances nitrative damage in young athletes. The beverages enhance the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after exercise in young athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Capó
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - M Martorell
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain and Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile
| | - C Busquets-Cortés
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - A Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - J Riera
- Sports Physiology Dept. CAR, Sant Cugat del Valles, GIRSANE, Barcelona 08174, Spain
| | - F Drobnic
- Sports Physiology Dept. CAR, Sant Cugat del Valles, GIRSANE, Barcelona 08174, Spain
| | - J A Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - A Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain and CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Influence of 2-Weeks Ingestion of High Chlorogenic Acid Coffee on Mood State, Performance, and Postexercise Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2018; 28:55-65. [PMID: 29035597 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study measured the influence of 2-weeks ingestion of high chlorogenic acid (CQA) coffee on postexercise inflammation and oxidative stress, with secondary outcomes including performance and mood state. Cyclists (N = 15) were randomized to CQA coffee or placebo (300 ml/day) for 2 weeks, participated in a 50-km cycling time trial, and then crossed over to the opposite condition with a 2-week washout period. Blood samples were collected pre- and postsupplementation, and immediately postexercise. CQA coffee was prepared using the Turkish method with 30 g lightly roasted, highly ground Hambela coffee beans in 300 ml boiling water, and provided 1,066 mg CQA and 474 mg caffeine versus 187 mg CQA and 33 mg caffeine for placebo. Plasma caffeine was higher with CQA coffee versus placebo after 2-weeks (3.3-fold) and postexercise (21.0-fold) (interaction effect, p < .001). Higher ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) levels were measured after exercise with CQA coffee versus placebo (p = .01). No differences between CQA coffee and placebo were found for postexercise increases in plasma IL-6 (p = .74) and hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (9 + 13 HODEs) (p = .99). Total mood disturbance (TMD) scores were lower with CQA coffee versus placebo (p = .04). 50-km cycling time performance and power did not differ between trials, with heart rate and ventilation higher with CQA coffee, especially after 30 min. In summary, despite more favorable TMD scores with CQA coffee, these data do not support the chronic use of coffee highly concentrated with chlorogenic acids and caffeine in mitigating postexercise inflammation or oxidative stress or improving 50-km cycling performance.
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Polyphenols and Their Interactions With Other Dietary Compounds: Implications for Human Health. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2018; 84:103-144. [PMID: 29555067 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regular and optimal intake of polyphenols associates with numerous health-promoting effects. Bioavailability and activity of polyphenols depend on foods' structure and interactions with other food constituents, especially proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Polyphenols-proteins interactions can result in various biological effects, such as sense of astringency. So far, polyphenols interactions with food lipids have not been of special importance, except in case of plant oils. Polyphenols-carbohydrates interactions can influence the organoleptic properties, while interactions with dietary fibers are particularly significant. Polyphenols can decrease the synthesis of fats and fatty acids in the liver, or delay their absorption in intestines. Also, polyphenols can slow down digestion of carbohydrates, through the inhibition of digestive enzymes or modulation of glucose uptake. Both animal and plant proteins have low impact on the bioavailability of polyphenols, but some in vitro studies reported that milk proteins could enhance intestinal absorption of polyphenols from tea. Dietary fats may alter the passage of polyphenols through gastrointestinal tract and impact absorption of more hydrophobic polyphenols in particular. While some studies reported that associations with carbohydrates could decrease bioavailability of polyphenols, the others showed the opposite effects. Macronutrients can be used for encapsulation of polyphenols, which can increase their bioavailability and ensure controlled and targeted release. Polyphenols' interactions in the body include their incorporation in cell membranes which causes changes in fatty acid profile and impacts membrane-bound transporters and enzymes. Finally, gut microbiota plays essential role in metabolism of both polyphenols and macronutrients and thus can have great impact on their interactions.
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Schär MY, Corona G, Soycan G, Dine C, Kristek A, Alsharif SNS, Behrends V, Lovegrove A, Shewry PR, Spencer JPE. Excretion of Avenanthramides, Phenolic Acids and their Major Metabolites Following Intake of Oat Bran. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 29024323 PMCID: PMC5836716 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Wholegrain has been associated with reduced chronic disease mortality, with oat intake particularly notable for lowering blood cholesterol and glycemia. To better understand the complex nutrient profile of oats, we studied urinary excretion of phenolic acids and avenanthramides after ingestion of oat bran in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS After a 2-d (poly)phenol-low diet, seven healthy men provided urine 12 h before and 48 h after consuming 60 g oat bran (7.8 μmol avenanthramides, 139.2 μmol phenolic acids) or a phenolic-low (traces of phenolics) control in a crossover design. Analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS/MS showed that oat bran intake resulted in an elevation in urinary excretion of 30 phenolics relative to the control, suggesting that they are oat bran-derived. Mean excretion levels were elevated between 0-2 and 4-8 h, following oat bran intake, and amounted to a total of 33.7 ± 7.3 μmol total excretion (mean recovery: 22.9 ± 5.0%), relative to control. The predominant metabolites included: vanillic acid, 4- and 3-hydroxyhippuric acids, and sulfate-conjugates of benzoic and ferulic acids, which accounted collectively for two thirds of total excretion. CONCLUSION Oat bran phenolics follow a relatively rapid urinary excretion, with 30 metabolites excreted within 8 h of intake. These levels of excretion suggest that bound phenolics are, in part, rapidly released by the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Y Schär
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Giulia Corona
- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Gulten Soycan
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Clemence Dine
- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Angelika Kristek
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Sarah N S Alsharif
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Volker Behrends
- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | | | | | - Jeremy P E Spencer
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Momtaz S, Hassani S, Khan F, Ziaee M, Abdollahi M. Cinnamon, a promising prospect towards Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Res 2017; 130:241-258. [PMID: 29258915 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, an exponential increase of efforts concerning the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been practiced. Phytochemicals preparations have a millenary background to combat various pathological conditions. Various cinnamon species and their biologically active ingredients have renewed the interest towards the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate AD through the inhibition of tau protein aggregation and prevention of the formation and accumulation of amyloid-β peptides into the neurotoxic oligomeric inclusions, both of which are considered to be the AD trademarks. In this review, we presented comprehensive data on the interactions of a number of cinnamon polyphenols (PPs) with oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in the brain. In addition, we discussed the potential association between AD and diabetes mellitus (DM), vis-à-vis the effluence of cinnamon PPs. Further, an upcoming prospect of AD epigenetic pathophysiological conditions and cinnamon has been sighted. Data was retrieved from the scientific databases such as PubMed database of the National Library of Medicine, Scopus and Google Scholar without any time limitation. The extract of cinnamon efficiently inhibits tau accumulations, Aβ aggregation and toxicity in vivo and in vitro models. Indeed, cinnamon possesses neuroprotective effects interfering multiple oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory pathways. Besides, cinnamon modulates endothelial functions and attenuates the vascular cell adhesion molecules. Cinnamon PPs may induce AD epigenetic modifications. Cinnamon and in particular, cinnamaldehyde seem to be effective and safe approaches for treatment and prevention of AD onset and/or progression. However, further molecular and translational research studies as well as prolonged clinical trials are required to establish the therapeutic safety and efficacy in different cinnamon spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazlullah Khan
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IC-TUMS), Tehran Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ziaee
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IC-TUMS), Tehran Iran.
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Lu Y, Zamora-Ros R, Chan S, Cross AJ, Ward H, Jakszyn P, Luben R, Opstelten JL, Oldenburg B, Hallmans G, Karling P, Grip O, Key T, Bergmann MM, Boeing H, Overvad K, Palli D, Masala G, Khaw KT, Racine A, Carbonnel F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Andersen V, Olsen A, Tjonneland A, Kaaks R, Tumino R, Trichopoulou A, Scalbert A, Riboli E, Hart AR. Dietary Polyphenols in the Aetiology of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis-A Multicenter European Prospective Cohort Study (EPIC). Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:2072-2082. [PMID: 28837515 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress may be involved in the aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease and whether dietary polyphenols, which possess antioxidants properties, prevent its development is unknown. METHODS A total of 401,326 men and women aged 20 to 80 years from 8 countries were recruited between 1991 and 1998 and at baseline completed validated food frequency questionnaires. Dietary polyphenol intake was measured using Phenol-Explorer, a database with information on the content of 502 polyphenols. Incident cases of Crohn's diseases (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were identified during the follow-up period of up to December 2010. A nested case-control study using conditional logistic regression estimated the odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals, for polyphenol intake (categories based on quartiles) and developing CD or UC. RESULTS In total, 110 CD (73% women) and 244 UC (57% women) cases were identified and matched to 440 and 976 controls, respectively. Total polyphenol intake was not associated with CD (P trend = 0.17) or UC (P trend = 0.16). For flavones and CD, there were reduced odds for all quartiles, which were statistically significant for the third (OR3rd versus 1st quartile = 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.69) and there was an inverse trend across quartiles (P = 0.03). Similarly, for resveratrol, there was an inverse association with CD (OR4th versus 1st quartile = 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.20-0.82) with an inverse trend across quartiles (P = 0.02). No significant associations between subtypes of polyphenols and UC were found. Effect modification by smoking in CD was documented with borderline statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The data supports a potential role of flavones and resveratrol in the risk of developing CD; future aetiological studies should investigate these dietary components and further examine the potential for residual confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Lu
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; 2Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California; 3Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 4Biomarker Group, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; 5Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; 6Department of Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; 7Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom; 8Strangeways Research Laboratory, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 9Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; 10Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 11Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, GI Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 12Department of Clinical Sciences, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden; 13Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; 14Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam, Germany; 15Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; 16Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Centre, Florence, Italy; 17INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Team 9, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; 18Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France; 19Department of Gastroenterology, Bicêtre University Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; 20Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; 21Focused Research Unit for Molecular and Clinical Research, Institute of Regional Research- Center Sønderjylland, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; 22Laboratory Center, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark; 23Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark; 24Division of Clinical Epidemiology, DKFZ-German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany; 25Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic-M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; and 26WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Athens, Greece
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Riccio G, Maisto M, Bottone S, Badolati N, Rossi GB, Tenore GC, Stornaiuolo M, Novellino E. WNT Inhibitory Activity of Malus Pumila miller cv Annurca and Malus domestica cv Limoncella Apple Extracts on Human Colon-Rectal Cells Carrying Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Mutations. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111262. [PMID: 29156563 PMCID: PMC5707734 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of the Wingless-related Integration site (WNT)/β-catenin pathway have recently been under consideration as potential chemopreventive agents against Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). This autosomal-dominant syndrome is caused by germline mutations in the gene coding for the protein APC and leads to hyperactivation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, uncontrolled intestinal cell proliferation and formation of adenocarcinomas. The aim of the present work was to: (i) test, on in vitro cultures of cells carrying FAP mutations and on ex vivo biopsies of FAP patients, the WNT inhibitory activity of extracts from two common southern Italian apples, Malus pumila Miller cv. 'Annurca' and Malus domestica cv 'Limoncella'; (ii) identify the mechanisms underpinning their activities and; (iii) evaluate their potency upon gastrointestinal digestion. We here show that both Annurca and Limoncella apple extracts act as WNT inhibitors, mostly thanks to their polyphenolic contents. They inhibit the pathway in colon cells carrying FAP mutations with active dilutions falling in ranges close to consumer-relevant concentrations. Food-grade manufacturing of apple extracts increases their WNT inhibitory activity as result of the conversion of quercetin glycosides into the aglycone quercetin, a potent WNT inhibitor absent in the fresh fruit extract. However, in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion severely affected WNT inhibitory activity of apple extracts, as result of a loss of polyphenols. In conclusion, our results show that apple extracts inhibit the WNT pathway in colon cells carrying FAP mutations and represent a potential nutraceutical alternative for the treatment of this pathology. Enteric coating is advisable to preserve the activity of the extracts in the colon-rectal section of the digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Riccio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Maisto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Sara Bottone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Nadia Badolati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Battista Rossi
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Edwards CA, Havlik J, Cong W, Mullen W, Preston T, Morrison DJ, Combet E. Polyphenols and health: Interactions between fibre, plant polyphenols and the gut microbiota. NUTR BULL 2017; 42:356-360. [PMID: 29200959 PMCID: PMC5698720 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A high‐fibre diet and one rich in fruit and vegetables have long been associated with lower risk of chronic disease. There are several possible mechanisms underpinning these associations, but one likely important factor is the production of bioactive molecules from plant‐based foods by the bacteria in the colon. This links to our growing understanding of the role of the gut microbiome in promoting health. Polyphenolic‐rich plant foods have been associated with potential health effects in many studies, but the bioavailability of polyphenol compounds, as eaten, is often very low. Most of the ingested molecules enter the large intestine where they are catabolised to smaller phenolic acids that may be the key bioactive effectors. Dietary fibres, present in plant foods, are also fermented by the bacteria to short‐chain fatty acids, compounds associated with several beneficial effects on cell turnover, metabolism and eating behaviour. Polyphenols and fibre are often eaten together, but there is a lack of research investigating the interaction between these two groups of key substrates for the colonic bacteria. In a project funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Diet and Health Research Industry Club, we are investigating whether combining different fibres and polyphenol sources can enhance the production of bioactive phenolic acids to promote health. This could lead to improved dietary recommendations and to new products with enhanced potential health‐promoting actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Havlik
- University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - W Cong
- University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - W Mullen
- University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | | | | | - E Combet
- University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
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226
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Bird JK, Raederstorff D, Weber P, Steinert RE. Cardiovascular and Antiobesity Effects of Resveratrol Mediated through the Gut Microbiota. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:839-849. [PMID: 29141969 PMCID: PMC5682996 DOI: 10.3945/an.117.016568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Encouraging scientific research into the health effects of dietary bioactive resveratrol has been confounded by its rapid first-pass metabolism, which leads to low in vivo bioavailability. Preliminary studies have shown that resveratrol can modulate gut microbiota composition, undergo biotransformation to active metabolites via the intestinal microbiota, or affect gut barrier function. In rodents, resveratrol can modify the relative Bacteroidetes:Firmicutes ratio and reverse the gut microbial dysbiosis caused by a high-fat diet. By upregulating the expression of genes involved in maintaining tight junctions between intestinal cells, resveratrol contributes to gut barrier integrity. The composition of the gut microbiome and rapid metabolism of resveratrol determines the production of resveratrol metabolites, which are found at greater concentrations in humans after ingestion than their parent molecule and can have similar biological effects. Resveratrol may affect cardiovascular risk factors such as elevated blood cholesterol or trimethylamine N-oxide concentrations. Modulating the composition of the gut microbiota by resveratrol may affect central energy metabolism and modify concentrations of satiety hormones to produce antiobesity effects. Encouraging research from animal models could be tested in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Bird
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland, and
| | - Daniel Raederstorff
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland, and
| | - Peter Weber
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland, and
| | - Robert E Steinert
- Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland, and,Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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227
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Rothwell JA, Knaze V, Zamora-Ros R. Polyphenols: dietary assessment and role in the prevention of cancers. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017; 20:512-521. [PMID: 28915128 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Polyphenols are a large and diverse family of phytochemicals widely consumed by humans. Here we summarize the latest epidemiological evidence for associations between cancer risk and polyphenol intake, taking into account difficulties in the accurate estimation of exposure. RECENT FINDINGS Flavonoids are the most studied subgroup of polyphenols with regard to cancer risk. In recent epidemiological studies, total flavonoid intake has rarely been associated with a reduction in cancer risk. However, isoflavones, whose main dietary source is soy foods, plausibly reduce the risk of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers, especially in Asian countries. Findings depend heavily upon the assessment of polyphenol intake, which is usually measured by food frequency questionnaires coupled to databases of food polyphenol composition. To a lesser extent, nutritional biomarkers have been used whenever estimating associations of polyphenol intake with cancer. SUMMARY Polyphenol intake may mitigate cancer risk but this depends on cancer site, the subgroup of compounds under study, and accurate assessment of dietary exposure. Further work must better characterize the effects of intake of different flavonoid subclasses and begin to investigate the role of phenolic acids and other minor polyphenol classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Rothwell
- aNutrition and Metabolism Section, Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France bUnit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
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228
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Sak K. Intake of Individual Flavonoids and Risk of Carcinogenesis: Overview of Epidemiological Evidence. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:1119-1150. [PMID: 29083244 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1367934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological findings have demonstrated that specific flavonoids can be responsible for reduction of the risk of certain cancer types. However, these results are still rather limited, inconclusive and controversial. Therefore, in this comprehensive review article the findings reported to date about the associations between dietary intake of individual flavonoid compounds and cancer incidence are compiled and analyzed. Also, the possible reasons for inconsistencies are brought forth and discussed. As diet is a potentially modifiable factor in our behavioral choices, further large-scale prospective studies with longer follow-up times, different populations, various doses and exposure timing as well as diverse well-controlled confounders are highly needed to confirm or disprove the current epidemiological knowledge about the role of flavonoids on cancer risk. Regarding the promising data to date, more research on bioavailability, metabolism and biological action mechanisms of these plant secondary metabolites is also encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Sak
- a NGO Praeventio , Näituse 22-3, Tartu , Estonia
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229
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Taguchi C, Kishimoto Y, Kondo K, Tohyama K, Goda T. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase is inversely associated with dietary total and coffee-derived polyphenol intakes in apparently healthy Japanese men. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:2819-2826. [PMID: 28988315 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) has been proposed as a marker of oxidative stress. Here, we examined the association between serum GGT and the dietary intake of polyphenols, which have antioxidant properties. METHODS A cross-sectional survey including 7960 apparently healthy Japanese men (aged 22-86 years) who participated in health checkups was conducted in Shizuoka, Japan. We analyzed these subjects' clinical serum parameters and lifestyle factors, including dietary polyphenol intake, which was evaluated by a self-administered questionnaire and by matching the subjects' food consumption data with our original polyphenol content database. RESULTS The average intake of polyphenols was 1157 ± 471 mg/day, and green tea was the largest source of polyphenols at 40%, followed by coffee at 36%. Dividing the population according to quintiles of total polyphenol intake, the difference in polyphenol intake from coffee between the groups was much greater than the difference in polyphenol intake from green tea. The analysis of the association between polyphenol intake and biological parameters showed a significant negative association between polyphenol intake and the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), GGT, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) after adjusting for age, smoking habit, energy intake and alcohol intake. The GGT levels were inversely associated with the polyphenol intake from coffee, but not with that from green tea. Multivariable linear regression analyses demonstrated that the subjects' GGT levels were negatively and independently associated with their polyphenol intake. CONCLUSIONS The intake of total polyphenol including coffee as a major contributor is inversely associated with the serum GGT concentration in Japanese males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Taguchi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.,Endowed Research Department "Food for Health", Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kishimoto
- Endowed Research Department "Food for Health", Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kondo
- Endowed Research Department "Food for Health", Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.,Institute of Life Innovations Studies, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan
| | - Kazushige Tohyama
- SBS Shizuoka Health Promotion Center, 3-1-1 Toro, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8033, Japan
| | - Toshinao Goda
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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Warner EF, Smith MJ, Zhang Q, Raheem KS, O'Hagan D, O'Connell MA, Kay CD. Signatures of anthocyanin metabolites identified in humans inhibit biomarkers of vascular inflammation in human endothelial cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61:1700053. [PMID: 28457017 PMCID: PMC5600085 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The physiological relevance of contemporary cell culture studies is often perplexing, given the use of unmetabolized phytochemicals at supraphysiological concentrations. We investigated the activity of physiologically relevant anthocyanin metabolite signatures, derived from a previous pharmacokinetics study of 500 mg 13 C5 -cyanidin-3-glucoside in eight healthy participants, on soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in human endothelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Signatures of peak metabolites (previously identified at 1, 6, and 24 h post-bolus) were reproduced using pure standards and effects were investigated across concentrations ten-fold lower and higher than observed mean (<5 μM) serum levels. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated VCAM-1 was reduced in response to all treatments, with maximal effects observed for the 6 and 24 h profiles. Profiles tested at ten-fold below mean serum concentrations (0.19-0.44 μM) remained active. IL-6 was reduced in response to 1, 6, and 24 h profiles, with maximal effects observed for 6 h and 24 h profiles at concentrations above 2 μM. Protein responses were reflected by reductions in VCAM-1 and IL-6 mRNA, however there was no effect on phosphorylated NFκB-p65 expression. CONCLUSION Signatures of anthocyanin metabolites following dietary consumption reduce VCAM-1 and IL-6 production, providing evidence of physiologically relevant biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F. Warner
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, Bob Champion Research and Education BuildingUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
- School of PharmacyUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Michael J. Smith
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, Bob Champion Research and Education BuildingUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - Qingzhi Zhang
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St. AndrewsFifeScotlandUK
| | - K. Saki Raheem
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St. AndrewsFifeScotlandUK
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of WestminsterLondonUK
| | - David O'Hagan
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St. AndrewsFifeScotlandUK
| | | | - Colin D. Kay
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, Bob Champion Research and Education BuildingUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityKannapolisNCUSA
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231
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Cheynier V, Halbwirth H. Polyphenols: Physicochemical and Biological Properties and Perspectives of Their Use in a Zero-Waste Society. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6343-6345. [PMID: 28670897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The 28th International Conference on Polyphenols, held in Vienna (Austria) in July 2016, offered a venue for global exchanges on the active research on polyphenols and for the presentation and discussion of the latest advances. The multidisciplinary event attracted 280 scientists from four continents working in different fields, from analytical and biosynthetic chemistry through genetic and metabolic engineering, plant physiology, and ecology to food nutrition and health sciences as well as industrial applications. This special issue presents a selection of papers from oral presentations and poster contributions shown within the framework of sessions focusing on research in the fields of (1) chemistry and physicochemistry, (2) food, nutrition, and health, and (3) applied polyphenolics. This introductory paper also briefly summarizes general properties of this versatile and largest group of secondary metabolites and their use in bioeconomical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Cheynier
- l'Unité Mixte de Recherches Sciences Pour l'Œnologie (UMR SPO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier , 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Heidi Halbwirth
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, Technische Universität Wien , 1060 Vienna, Austria
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232
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Association between polyphenol intake and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Sicily, southern Italy. NFS JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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233
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Noh H, Freisling H, Assi N, Zamora-Ros R, Achaintre D, Affret A, Mancini F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Flögel A, Boeing H, Kühn T, Schübel R, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Kritikou M, Palli D, Pala V, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Santucci de Magistris M, Cross A, Slimani N, Scalbert A, Ferrari P. Identification of Urinary Polyphenol Metabolite Patterns Associated with Polyphenol-Rich Food Intake in Adults from Four European Countries. Nutrients 2017; 9:E796. [PMID: 28757581 PMCID: PMC5579590 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified urinary polyphenol metabolite patterns by a novel algorithm that combines dimension reduction and variable selection methods to explain polyphenol-rich food intake, and compared their respective performance with that of single biomarkers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The study included 475 adults from four European countries (Germany, France, Italy, and Greece). Dietary intakes were assessed with 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) and dietary questionnaires (DQ). Thirty-four polyphenols were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS-MS) in 24-h urine. Reduced rank regression-based variable importance in projection (RRR-VIP) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods were used to select polyphenol metabolites. Reduced rank regression (RRR) was then used to identify patterns in these metabolites, maximizing the explained variability in intake of pre-selected polyphenol-rich foods. The performance of RRR models was evaluated using internal cross-validation to control for over-optimistic findings from over-fitting. High performance was observed for explaining recent intake (24-HDR) of red wine (r = 0.65; AUC = 89.1%), coffee (r = 0.51; AUC = 89.1%), and olives (r = 0.35; AUC = 82.2%). These metabolite patterns performed better or equally well compared to single polyphenol biomarkers. Neither metabolite patterns nor single biomarkers performed well in explaining habitual intake (as reported in the DQ) of polyphenol-rich foods. This proposed strategy of biomarker pattern identification has the potential of expanding the currently still limited list of available dietary intake biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwayoung Noh
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Nada Assi
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Achaintre
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Aurélie Affret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Le Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Population (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 94800 Villejuif, France.
- Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Francesca Mancini
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Le Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Population (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 94800 Villejuif, France.
- Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Le Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Population (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 94800 Villejuif, France.
- Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Anna Flögel
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ruth Schübel
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 157 72 Athens, Greece.
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 157 72 Athens, Greece.
| | | | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic-M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, 97100 Ragusa, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Amanda Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Nadia Slimani
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
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234
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Sequeira IR, Poppitt SD. Unfolding Novel Mechanisms of Polyphenol Flavonoids for Better Glycaemic Control: Targeting Pancreatic Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP). Nutrients 2017; 9:E788. [PMID: 28754022 PMCID: PMC5537902 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterised by hyperglycaemia resulting from defective insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. The impact of over-nutrition and reduced physical activity, evidenced by the exponential rise in obesity and the prevalence of T2D, strongly supports the implementation of lifestyle modification programs. Accordingly, an increased consumption of fruits and plant-derived foods has been advocated, as their intake is inversely correlated with T2D prevalence; this has been attributed, in part, to their contained polyphenolic compounds. Over the last decade, a body of work has focussed on establishing the mechanisms by which polyphenolic compounds exert beneficial effects to limit carbohydrate digestion, enhance insulin-mediated glucose uptake, down-regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis and decrease oxidative stress; the latter anti-oxidative property being the most documented. Novel effects on the inhibition of glucocorticoid action and the suppression of amylin misfolding and aggregation have been identified more recently. Amyloid fibrils form from spontaneously misfolded amylin, depositing in islet cells to elicit apoptosis, beta cell degeneration and decrease insulin secretion, with amyloidosis affecting up to 80% of pancreatic islet cells in T2D. Therefore, intervening with polyphenolic compounds offers a novel approach to suppressing risk or progression to T2D. This review gives an update on the emerging mechanisms related to dietary polyphenol intake for the maintenance of glycaemic control and the prevention of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana R Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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235
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Chen L, Teng H, Xie Z, Cao H, Cheang WS, Skalicka-Woniak K, Georgiev MI, Xiao J. Modifications of dietary flavonoids towards improved bioactivity: An update on structure-activity relationship. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:513-527. [PMID: 27438892 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1196334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, extensive studies have revealed that inflammation represents a major risk factor for various human diseases. Chronic inflammatory responses predispose to pathological progression of chronic illnesses featured with penetration of inflammatory cells, dysregulation of cellular signaling, excessive generation of cytokines, and loss of barrier function. Hence, the suppression of inflammation has the potential to delay, prevent, and to treat chronic diseases. Flavonoids, which are widely distributed in humans daily diet, such as vegetables, fruits, tea and cocoa, among others, are considered as bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory potential. Modification of flavonoids including hydroxylation, o-methylation, and glycosylation, can alter their metabolic features and affect mechanisms of inflammation. Structure-activity relationships among naturally occurred flavonoids hence provide us with a preliminary insight into their anti-inflammatory potential, not only attributing to the antioxidant capacity, but also to modulate inflammatory mediators. The present review summarizes current knowledge and underlies mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activities of dietary flavonoids and their influences involved in the development of various inflammatory-related chronic diseases. In addition, the established structure-activity relationships of phenolic compounds in this review may give an insight for the screening of new anti-inflammatory agents from dietary materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Hui Teng
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Zhenglu Xie
- b Jinshan College , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Hui Cao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
| | - Wai San Cheang
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woniak
- d Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- e Group of Plant Cell Biotechnology and Metabolomics , The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Plovdiv , Bulgaria.,f Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
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Nieman DC, Ramamoorthy S, Kay CD, Goodman CL, Capps CR, Shue ZL, Heyl N, Grace MH, Lila MA. Influence of Ingesting a Flavonoid-Rich Supplement on the Metabolome and Concentration of Urine Phenolics in Overweight/Obese Women. J Proteome Res 2017. [PMID: 28631923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of ingesting a flavonoid-rich supplement (329 mg/d) on total urine phenolics and shifts in plasma metabolites in overweight/obese female adults using untargeted metabolomics procedures. Participants (N = 103, 18-65 y, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were randomized to flavonoid (F) or placebo (P) groups for 12 weeks with blood and 24 h urine samples collected prestudy and after 4 and 12 weeks in a parallel design. Supplements were prepared as chewable tablets and included vitamin C, wild bilberry fruit extract, green tea leaf extract, quercetin, caffeine, and omega 3 fatty acids. At 4 weeks, urine total phenolics increased 24% in F versus P with similar changes at 12 weeks (interaction effect, P = 0.041). Groups did not differ in markers of inflammation (IL-6, MCP-1, CRP) or oxidative stress (oxLDL, FRAP). Metabolomics data indicated shifts in 63 biochemicals in F versus P with 70% from the lipid and xenobiotics superpathways. The largest fold changes in F were measured for three gut-derived phenolics including 3-methoxycatechol sulfate, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid sulfate, and 1,2,3-benzenetriol sulfate (interaction effects, p ≤ 0.050). This randomized clinical trial of overweight/obese women showed that 12 weeks ingestion of a mixed flavonoid nutrient supplement was associated with a corresponding increase in urine total phenolics and gut-derived phenolic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Nieman
- Human Performance Lab, Appalachian State University , North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | | | - Colin D Kay
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University , North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Courtney L Goodman
- Human Performance Lab, Appalachian State University , North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Christopher R Capps
- Human Performance Lab, Appalachian State University , North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Zack L Shue
- Human Performance Lab, Appalachian State University , North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Nicole Heyl
- Human Performance Lab, Appalachian State University , North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Mary H Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University , North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Mary A Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University , North Carolina Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
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Cano-Lamadrid M, Lipan L, Calín-Sánchez Á, Hernández F, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA. A Comparative Study Between Labeling and Reality: The Case of Phytochemical Composition of Commercial Pomegranate-Based Products. J Food Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cano-Lamadrid
- Dept. of Agro-Food Technology, Food Quality and Safety Group, Univ. Miguel Hernández de Elche; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela; Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2 03312 Orihuela Alicante Spain
| | - Leontina Lipan
- Dept. of Agro-Food Technology, Food Quality and Safety Group, Univ. Miguel Hernández de Elche; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela; Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2 03312 Orihuela Alicante Spain
| | - Ángel Calín-Sánchez
- Dept. of Agro-Food Technology, Food Quality and Safety Group, Univ. Miguel Hernández de Elche; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela; Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2 03312 Orihuela Alicante Spain
| | - Francisca Hernández
- Dept. of Vegetal Production, Univ. Miguel Hernández de Elche; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela; Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2 03312 Orihuela Alicante Spain
| | - Ángel A. Carbonell-Barrachina
- Dept. of Agro-Food Technology, Food Quality and Safety Group, Univ. Miguel Hernández de Elche; Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela; Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2 03312 Orihuela Alicante Spain
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238
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Zamora-Ros R, Rothwell JA, Achaintre D, Ferrari P, Boutron-Ruault MC, Mancini FR, Affret A, Kühn T, Katzke V, Boeing H, Küppel S, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, La Vecchia C, Palli D, Contiero P, Panico S, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Noh H, Freisling H, Romieu I, Scalbert A. Evaluation of urinary resveratrol as a biomarker of dietary resveratrol intake in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Br J Nutr 2017; 117:1596-1602. [PMID: 28637522 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517001465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In vitro studies have shown several beneficial properties of resveratrol. Epidemiological evidence is still scarce, probably because of the difficulty in estimating resveratrol exposure accurately. The current study aimed to assess the relationships between acute and habitual dietary resveratrol and wine intake and urinary resveratrol excretion in a European population. A stratified random subsample of 475 men and women from four countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cross-sectional study, who had provided 24-h urine samples and completed a 24-h dietary recall (24-HDR) on the same day, were included. Acute and habitual dietary data were collected using standardised 24-HDR software and a validated country-specific dietary questionnaire, respectively. Phenol-Explorer was used to estimate the intake of resveratrol and other stilbenes. Urinary resveratrol was analysed using tandem MS. Spearman's correlation coefficients between estimated dietary intakes of resveratrol and other stilbenes and consumption of wine, their main food source, were very high (r>0·9) when measured using dietary questionnaires and were slightly lower with 24-HDR (r>0·8). Partial Spearman's correlations between urinary resveratrol excretion and intake of resveratrol, total stilbenes or wine were found to be higher when using the 24-HDR (R 2 partial approximately 0·6) than when using the dietary questionnaires (R 2 partial approximately 0·5). Moderate to high correlations between dietary resveratrol, total stilbenes and wine, and urinary resveratrol concentrations were observed. These support the earlier findings that 24-h urinary resveratrol is an effective biomarker of both resveratrol and wine intakes. These correlations also support the validity of the estimation of resveratrol intake using the dietary questionnaire and Phenol-Explorer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Zamora-Ros
- 1Unit of Nutrition and Cancer,Epidemiology Research Program Catalan Institute of Oncology,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL),08908 Barcelona,Spain
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- 2Section of Nutrition and Metabolism,International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO),69372 Lyon,France
| | - David Achaintre
- 2Section of Nutrition and Metabolism,International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO),69372 Lyon,France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- 2Section of Nutrition and Metabolism,International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO),69372 Lyon,France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- 3Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP),Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM),Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ),Université Paris-Sud,Université Paris-Saclay,94805 Villejuif,France
| | - Francesca R Mancini
- 3Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP),Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM),Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ),Université Paris-Sud,Université Paris-Saclay,94805 Villejuif,France
| | - Aurelie Affret
- 3Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP),Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM),Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ),Université Paris-Sud,Université Paris-Saclay,94805 Villejuif,France
| | - Tilman Kühn
- 5Division of Cancer Epidemiology,German Cancer Research Center,69120 Heidelberg,Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- 5Division of Cancer Epidemiology,German Cancer Research Center,69120 Heidelberg,Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- 6Department of Epidemiology,German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke,14558 Nuthetal,Germany
| | - Sven Küppel
- 6Department of Epidemiology,German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke,14558 Nuthetal,Germany
| | | | - Pagona Lagiou
- 7Hellenic Health Foundation,GR-115 27, Athens,Greece
| | | | - Domenico Palli
- 11Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit,Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO),50141 Florence,Italy
| | - Paolo Contiero
- 12Environmental Epidemiology Unit,Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori,20133 Milan,Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- 13Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia,Federico II University,80131 Naples,Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- 14Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit,'Civic M.P. Arezzo' Hospital,97100 Ragusa,Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- 15Unit of Epidemiology,Regional Health Service ASL TO3,Grugliasco (TO),10093 Turin,Italy
| | - Hwayoung Noh
- 2Section of Nutrition and Metabolism,International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO),69372 Lyon,France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- 2Section of Nutrition and Metabolism,International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO),69372 Lyon,France
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- 2Section of Nutrition and Metabolism,International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO),69372 Lyon,France
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- 2Section of Nutrition and Metabolism,International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO),69372 Lyon,France
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239
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Szwajgier D, Borowiec K, Pustelniak K. The Neuroprotective Effects of Phenolic Acids: Molecular Mechanism of Action. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050477. [PMID: 28489058 PMCID: PMC5452207 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective role of phenolic acids from food has previously been reported by many authors. In this review, the role of phenolic acids in ameliorating depression, ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, glutamate-induced toxicity, epilepsy, imbalance after traumatic brain injury, hyperinsulinemia-induced memory impairment, hearing and vision disturbances, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, anti-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Chagas disease and other less distributed diseases is discussed. This review covers the in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies concerning the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders (on the biochemical and gene expression levels) by phenolic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Szwajgier
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
| | - Kamila Borowiec
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Pustelniak
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
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240
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Zamora-Ros R, Barupal D, Rothwell JA, Jenab M, Fedirko V, Romieu I, Aleksandrova K, Overvad K, Kyrø C, Tjønneland A, Affret A, His M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Katzke V, Kühn T, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Kritikou M, Saieva C, Agnoli C, Santucci de Magistris M, Tumino R, Fasanelli F, Weiderpass E, Skeie G, Merino S, Jakszyn P, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Navarro C, Ardanaz E, Sonestedt E, Ericson U, Maria Nilsson L, Bodén S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Perez-Cornago A, Wareham NJ, Khaw KT, Freisling H, Cross AJ, Riboli E, Scalbert A. Dietary flavonoid intake and colorectal cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1836-1844. [PMID: 28006847 PMCID: PMC6241848 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids have been shown to inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro and protect against colorectal carcinogenesis in animal models. However, epidemiological evidence on the potential role of flavonoid intake in colorectal cancer (CRC) development remains sparse and inconsistent. We evaluated the association between dietary intakes of total flavonoids and their subclasses and risk of development of CRC, within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. A cohort of 477,312 adult men and women were recruited in 10 European countries. At baseline, dietary intakes of total flavonoids and individual subclasses were estimated using centre-specific validated dietary questionnaires and composition data from the Phenol-Explorer database. During an average of 11 years of follow-up, 4,517 new cases of primary CRC were identified, of which 2,869 were colon (proximal = 1,298 and distal = 1,266) and 1,648 rectal tumours. No association was found between total flavonoid intake and the risk of overall CRC (HR for comparison of extreme quintiles 1.05, 95% CI 0.93-1.18; p-trend = 0.58) or any CRC subtype. No association was also observed with any intake of individual flavonoid subclasses. Similar results were observed for flavonoid intake expressed as glycosides or aglycone equivalents. Intake of total flavonoids and flavonoid subclasses, as estimated from dietary questionnaires, did not show any association with risk of CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Zamora-Ros
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dinesh Barupal
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, US
| | - Joseph A. Rothwell
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Aurélie Affret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Mathilde His
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Dept. of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Dept. of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | | | - Calogero Saieva
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute – ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Francesca Fasanelli
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Deparment of Medical Scienzes, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Regional Government of the Basque Country, Spain
| | - Carmen Navarro
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lena Maria Nilsson
- Nutritional Research and Arcum, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stina Bodén
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H. Peeters
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay-Thee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Amanda J Cross
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
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241
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Williamson G, Clifford MN. Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of polyphenols. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 139:24-39. [PMID: 28322745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
(Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their biological activities, absorption and metabolism of the most abundant compounds in humans are well understood. Both the chemical structure of the phenolic moiety and any attached chemical groups define whether the polyphenol is absorbed in the small intestine, or reaches the colon and is subject to extensive catabolism by colonic microbiota. Untransformed substrates may be absorbed, appearing in plasma primarily as methylated, sulfated and glucuronidated derivatives, with in some cases the unchanged substrate. Many of the catabolites are well absorbed from the colon and appear in the plasma either similarly conjugated, or as glycine conjugates, or in some cases unchanged. Although many (poly)phenol catabolites have been identified in human plasma and/or urine, the exact pathways from substrate to final microbial catabolite, and the species of bacteria and enzymes involved, are still scarcely reported. While it is clear that the composition of the human gut microbiota can be modulated in vivo by supplementation with some (poly)phenol-rich commodities, such modulation is definitely not an inevitable consequence of supplementation; it depends on the treatment, length of time and on the individual metabotype, and it is not clear whether the modulation is sustained when supplementation ceases. Some catabolites have been recorded in plasma of volunteers at concentrations similar to those shown to be effective in in vitro studies suggesting that some benefit may be achieved in vivo by diets yielding such catabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Williamson
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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242
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Godos J, Marventano S, Mistretta A, Galvano F, Grosso G. Dietary sources of polyphenols in the Mediterranean healthy Eating, Aging and Lifestyle (MEAL) study cohort. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 68:750-756. [PMID: 28276907 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1285870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the dietary intake and major food sources of polyphenols in the Mediterranean healthy Eating, Aging and Lifestyles (MEAL) study cohort. A total of 1937 individuals (18 + y) of urban population of Catania, Italy, completed a validated 110-item food frequency questionnaire; Phenol-Explorer database was used to estimate polyphenol intake. Mean intake of polyphenols was 663.7 mg/d; the most abundant classes were phenolic acids (362.7 mg/d) and flavonoids (258.7 mg/d). The main dietary sources of total polyphenols were nuts, followed by tea and coffee as source of flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids, respectively, fruits (i.e. cherries were sources of anthocyanins and citrus fruits of flavanones) and vegetables (i.e. artichokes and olives were sources of flavones and spinach and beans of flavonols); chocolate, red wine and pasta contributed to flavanols and tyrosols, respectively. These findings will be useful to assess the potential benefits of foods with high polyphenol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Godos
- a Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Universitario Ospedaliera Policlinico "Vittorio Emanuale" , Catania , Italy
| | - Stefano Marventano
- b Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia" Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Antonio Mistretta
- b Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia" Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- c Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- a Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Universitario Ospedaliera Policlinico "Vittorio Emanuale" , Catania , Italy
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243
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Menezes R, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Kaltsatou A, González-Sarrías A, Greyling A, Giannaki C, Andres-Lacueva C, Milenkovic D, Gibney ER, Dumont J, Schär M, Garcia-Aloy M, Palma-Duran SA, Ruskovska T, Maksimova V, Combet E, Pinto P. Impact of Flavonols on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Human Trials to Explore the Role of Inter-Individual Variability. Nutrients 2017; 9:E117. [PMID: 28208791 PMCID: PMC5331548 DOI: 10.3390/nu9020117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have linked flavonols with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, some heterogeneity in the individual physiological responses to the consumption of these compounds has been identified. This meta-analysis aimed to study the effect of flavonol supplementation on biomarkers of CVD risk such as, blood lipids, blood pressure and plasma glucose, as well as factors affecting their inter-individual variability. Data from 18 human randomized controlled trials were pooled and the effect was estimated using fixed or random effects meta-analysis model and reported as difference in means (DM). Variability in the response of blood lipids to supplementation with flavonols was assessed by stratifying various population subgroups: age, sex, country, and health status. Results showed significant reductions in total cholesterol (DM = -0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.20, -0.01), LDL cholesterol (DM = -0.14 mmol/L; Nutrients 2017, 9, 117 2 of 21 95% CI: -0.21, 0.07), and triacylglycerol (DM = -0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.18, 0.03), and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (DM = 0.05 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.07). A significant reduction was also observed in fasting plasma glucose (DM = -0.18 mmol/L; 95%CI: -0.29, -0.08), and in blood pressure (SBP: DM = -4.84 mmHg; 95% CI: -5.64, -4.04; DBP: DM = -3.32 mmHg; 95% CI: -4.09, -2.55). Subgroup analysis showed a more pronounced effect of flavonol intake in participants from Asian countries and in participants with diagnosed disease or dyslipidemia, compared to healthy and normal baseline values. In conclusion, flavonol consumption improved biomarkers of CVD risk, however, country of origin and health status may influence the effect of flavonol intake on blood lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Menezes
- iBET/ITQB, Molecular Nutrition & Health Laboratory, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK;
| | - Antonia Kaltsatou
- FAME Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Volos, Greece;
| | | | | | | | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Campus Torribera, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.-L.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Université, Université d’Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | | | - Julie Dumont
- Université Lille, INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167—RID-AGE—Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Manuel Schär
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK;
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Campus Torribera, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.-L.); (M.G.-A.)
| | | | | | | | - Emilie Combet
- Human Nutrition, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; (S.A.P.-D.); (E.C.)
| | - Paula Pinto
- iBET/ITQB, Molecular Nutrition & Health Laboratory, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarem, ESA, Department of Food Technology, Biotechnology and Nutrition, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
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244
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Grosso G, Godos J, Lamuela-Raventos R, Ray S, Micek A, Pajak A, Sciacca S, D'Orazio N, Del Rio D, Galvano F. A comprehensive meta-analysis on dietary flavonoid and lignan intake and cancer risk: Level of evidence and limitations. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele; Catania Italy
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health; St John's Innovation Centre; Cambridge UK
| | - Justyna Godos
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele; Catania Italy
| | - Rosa Lamuela-Raventos
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn) Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition; Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Nutrition and Food Science Department-XaRTA; INSA; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Sumantra Ray
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health; St John's Innovation Centre; Cambridge UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Nutrition Research Unit; Cambridge UK
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Krakow Poland
| | - Andrzej Pajak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Krakow Poland
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele; Catania Italy
| | - Nicolantonio D'Orazio
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies; University of Chieti; Chieti Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health; St John's Innovation Centre; Cambridge UK
- Department of Food Science; University of Parma; Parma Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences; University of Catania; Catania Italy
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245
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The influence of phenolic compounds from coffee and tea on postprandial cardiovascular stress: a mini-review. Curr Opin Food Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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246
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Weseler AR, Bast A. Masquelier's grape seed extract: from basic flavonoid research to a well-characterized food supplement with health benefits. Nutr J 2017; 16:5. [PMID: 28103873 PMCID: PMC5248468 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Careful characterization and standardization of the composition of plant-derived food supplements is essential to establish a cause-effect relationship between the intake of that product and its health effect. In this review we follow a specific grape seed extract containing monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols from its creation by Jack Masquelier in 1947 towards a botanical remedy and nutraceutical with proven health benefits. The preparation's research history parallels the advancing insights in the fields of molecular biology, medicine, plant and nutritional sciences during the last 70 years. Analysis of the extract's flavanol composition emerged from unspecific colorimetric assays to precise high performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance fingerprinting techniques. The early recognition of the preparation's auspicious effects on the permeability of vascular capillaries directed research to unravel the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Recent clinical data revealed a multitude of favorable alterations in the vasculature upon an 8 weeks supplementation which summed up in a health benefit of the extract in healthy humans. Changes in gene expression of inflammatory pathways in the volunteers' leukocytes were suggested to be involved in this benefit. The historically grown scientific evidence for the preparation's health effects paves the way to further elucidate its metabolic fate and molecular action in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje R. Weseler
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aalt Bast
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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247
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Worldwide (poly)phenol intake: assessment methods and identified gaps. Eur J Nutr 2017; 56:1393-1408. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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248
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Roberts KM, Grainger EM, Thomas-Ahner JM, Hinton A, Gu J, Riedl KM, Vodovotz Y, Abaza R, Schwartz SJ, Clinton SK. Application of a low polyphenol or low ellagitannin dietary intervention and its impact on ellagitannin metabolism in men. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 27813248 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Plant polyphenols are widespread in the American diet, yet estimated intake is uncertain. We examine the application of the Polyphenol Explorer® (PED) database to quantify polyphenol and ellagitannin (ET) intake of men with prostate cancer and tested the implementation of diets restricted in polyphenols or ETs. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-four men enrolled in a 4-week trial were randomized to usual, low-polyphenol or low-ET diet. Estimated polyphenol and ET intakes were calculated from 3-day diet records utilizing the PED. Urine and plasma metabolites were quantified by UPLC-MS. Adherence to the restricted diets was 95% for the low polyphenol and 98% for low-ET diet. In the usual diet, estimated dietary polyphenol intake was 1568 ± 939 mg/day, with coffee/tea beverages (1112 ± 1028 mg/day) being the largest contributors and estimated dietary ET intake was 12 ± 13 mg/day. The low-polyphenol and low-ET groups resulted in a reduction of total polyphenols by 45% and 85%, respectively, and omission of dietary ETs. UPLC analysis of urinary host and microbial metabolites reflect ET intake. CONCLUSION PED is a useful database for assessing exposure to polyphenols. Diets restricted in total polyphenol or ET intake are feasible and UPLC assessment of ET metabolites is reflective of dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Roberts
- The OSU Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Alice Hinton
- Division of Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Junnan Gu
- The OSU Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth M Riedl
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yael Vodovotz
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ronney Abaza
- Department of Urology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steven J Schwartz
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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249
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TAGUCHI C, KISHIMOTO Y, FUKUSHIMA Y, SAITA E, TANAKA M, TAKAHASHI Y, MASUDA Y, GODA T, KONDO K. Dietary Polyphenol Intake Estimated by 7-Day Dietary Records among Japanese Male Workers: Evaluation of the Within- and Between-Individual Variation. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2017; 63:180-185. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.63.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chie TAGUCHI
- Endowed Research Department “Food for Health”, Ochanomizu University
| | - Yoshimi KISHIMOTO
- Endowed Research Department “Food for Health”, Ochanomizu University
| | | | - Emi SAITA
- Endowed Research Department “Food for Health”, Ochanomizu University
| | - Miori TANAKA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | | | | | - Toshinao GODA
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Kazuo KONDO
- Endowed Research Department “Food for Health”, Ochanomizu University
- Institute of Life Innovations Studies, Toyo University
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250
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Dietary intake and major food sources of polyphenols in people with type 2 diabetes: The TOSCA.IT Study. Eur J Nutr 2016; 57:679-688. [PMID: 28004268 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proper evaluation of polyphenols intake at the population level is a necessary step in order to establish possible associations with health outcomes. Available data are limited, and so far no study has been performed in people with diabetes. The aim of this work was to document the intake of polyphenols and their major food sources in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes and in socio-demographic subgroups. METHODS We studied 2573 men and women aged 50-75 years. Among others, anthropometry was measured by standard protocol and dietary habits were investigated by food frequency questionnaire (EPIC). The intake of polyphenols was evaluated using US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases. RESULTS The mean total polyphenol intake was 683.3 ± 5.8 mg/day. Non-alcoholic beverages represented the main food source of dietary polyphenols and provided 35.5% of total polyphenol intake, followed by fruits (23.0%), alcoholic beverages (14.0%), vegetables (12.4%), cereal products and tubers (4.6%), legumes (3.7%) and oils (2.1%); chocolate, cakes and nuts are negligible sources of polyphenols in this cohort. The two most important polyphenol classes contributing to the total intake were flavonoids (47.5%) and phenolic acids (47.4%). Polyphenol intake increased with age and education level and decreased with BMI; furthermore, in the northern regions of Italy, the polyphenol intake was slightly, but significantly higher than in the central or southern regions. CONCLUSIONS The study documents for the first time the intake of polyphenols and their main food sources in people with diabetes using validated and complete databases of the polyphenol content of food. Compared with published data, collected in people without diabetes, these results suggest a lower intake and a different pattern of intake in people with diabetes.
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