1
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Zheng Z, Su Y, Schmidt-Rohr K. Vinyl and methyl-ester groups in the insoluble polymer drug patiromer identified and quantified by solid-state NMR. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 246:116228. [PMID: 38781726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Patiromer (Veltassa®) is a crosslinked, insoluble co-polymer drug used as a nonabsorbent potassium binder, approved for treatment of hyperkalemia. Quantitative solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis with comprehensive peak assignment, component quantification, and calculation of mole and weight fractions of monomer units was performed on three doses of patiromer. The workflow is documented in detail. Spectrally edited solid-state 13C NMR spectra of patiromer show =CHn peaks of matching intensity at 116 and 141 ppm, characteristic of -CH=CH2 vinyl groups. Similar spectral features can be observed in earlier studies but were previously ignored. In this study, the vinyl signals are well-resolved in a 2-s direct polarization (DP) spectrum without and with dipolar dephasing, which confirms that these sp2-hybridized carbons are bonded to hydrogen and partially mobile, consistent with vinyl side groups from incompletely reacted divinyl crosslinkers. The vinyl groups account for 1.6% of all carbon, 3% of the monomer units, and nearly 1/3 of the crosslinkers. Furthermore, an unexpected OCH3 moiety accounting for ∼1.2% of all carbons was identified by spectral editing; its chemical shift of 54 ppm is more consistent with a methyl ester than with a methyl ether. It can originate from incomplete hydrolysis of ∼6% of methyl-2-fluoroacrylate, the main monomer of patiromer. Characteristic cross peaks in two-dimensional 1H-13C heteronuclear correlation NMR confirm the presence of the vinyl and OCH3 groups. Trace amounts of xanthan gum are also detected. The quantitative 13C NMR spectrum of patiromer has been matched in a simulation using a model with five monomer units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxi Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Yongchao Su
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA; Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Supply, Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
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2
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Rempfert KR, Bell SL, Kasanke CP, Zhao Q, Zhao X, Lipton AS, Hofmockel KS. Biomolecular budget of persistent, microbial-derived soil organic carbon: The importance of underexplored pools. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172916. [PMID: 38697544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The details of how soil microorganisms contribute to stable soil organic carbon pools are a pressing knowledge gap with direct implications for soil health and climate mitigation. It is now recognized that microbial necromass contributes substantially to the formation of stable soil carbon. However, the quantification of necromass in soils has largely been limited to model molecules such as aminosugar biomarkers. The abundance and chemical composition of other persistent microbial residues remain unresolved, particularly concerning how these pools may vary with microbial community structure, soil texture, and management practices. Here we use yearlong soil incubation experiments with an isotopic tracer to quantify the composition of persistent residues derived from microbial communities inhabiting sand or silt dominated soil with annual (corn) or perennial (switchgrass) monocultures. Persistent microbial residues were recovered in diverse soil biomolecular pools including metabolites, proteins, lipids, and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). The relative abundances of microbial contributions to necromass pools were consistent across cropping systems and soil textures. The greatest residue accumulation was not recovered in MAOM but in the light density fraction of soil debris that persisted after extraction by chemical fractionation using organic solvents. Necromass abundance was positively correlated with microbial biomass abundance and revealed a possible role of cell wall morphology in enhancing microbial carbon persistence; while gram-negative bacteria accounted for the greatest contribution to microbial-derived carbon by mass at one year, residues from gram-positive Actinobacteria and Firmicutes showed greater durability. Together these results offer a quantitative assessment of the relative importance of diverse molecular classes for generating durable soil carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheryl L Bell
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | - Qian Zhao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | - Kirsten S Hofmockel
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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3
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Myers-Pigg AN, Grieger S, Roebuck JA, Barnes ME, Bladon KD, Bailey JD, Barton R, Chu RK, Graham EB, Homolka KK, Kew W, Lipton AS, Scheibe T, Toyoda JG, Wagner S. Experimental Open Air Burning of Vegetation Enhances Organic Matter Chemical Heterogeneity Compared to Laboratory Burns. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9679-9688. [PMID: 38776554 PMCID: PMC11155678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Wildfires produce solid residuals that have unique chemical and physical properties compared to unburned materials, which influence their cycling and fate in the natural environment. Visual burn severity assessment is used to evaluate post-fire alterations to the landscape in field-based studies, yet muffle furnace methods are commonly used in laboratory studies to assess molecular scale alterations along a temperature continuum. Here, we examined solid and leachable organic matter characteristics from chars visually characterized as low burn severity that were created either on an open air burn table or from low-temperature muffle furnace burns. We assessed how the different combustion conditions influence solid and dissolved organic matter chemistries and explored the potential influence of these results on the environmental fate and reactivity. Notably, muffle furnace chars produced less leachable carbon and nitrogen than open air chars across land cover types. Organic matter produced from muffle furnace burns was more homogeneous than open air chars. This work highlights chemical heterogeneities that exist within a single burn severity category, potentially influencing our conceptual understanding of pyrogenic organic matter cycling in the natural environment, including transport and processing in watersheds. Therefore, we suggest that open air burn studies are needed to further advance our understanding of pyrogenic organic matter's environmental reactivity and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison N. Myers-Pigg
- Marine
and Coastal Research Laboratory, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, University of
Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Samantha Grieger
- Marine
and Coastal Research Laboratory, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - J. Alan Roebuck
- Marine
and Coastal Research Laboratory, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - Morgan E. Barnes
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kevin D. Bladon
- Department
of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon
State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
- Department
of Forest Engineering, Resources and Management, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - John D. Bailey
- Department
of Forest Engineering, Resources and Management, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Riley Barton
- Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Center
for Environmental and Stable Isotope Analysis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Rosalie K. Chu
- Environmental
Molecular Science Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Emily B. Graham
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- School
of Biological Sciences, Washington State
University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Khadijah K. Homolka
- Marine
and Coastal Research Laboratory, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Sequim, Washington 98382, United States
| | - William Kew
- Environmental
Molecular Science Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Andrew S. Lipton
- Environmental
Molecular Science Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Timothy Scheibe
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Jason G. Toyoda
- Environmental
Molecular Science Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Sasha Wagner
- Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Center
for Environmental and Stable Isotope Analysis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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4
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Mi J, Chen Y, Atterberry BA, Nordstrom FL, Hirsh DA, Rossini AJ. Probing the Molecular and Macroscopic Structure of Solid Solutions by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) Enhanced 13C and 15N Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2949-2959. [PMID: 38685852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Crystallization is a widely used purification technique in the manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and precursor molecules. However, when impurities and desired compounds have similar molecular structures, separation by crystallization may become challenging. In such cases, some impurities may form crystalline solid solutions with the desired product during recrystallization. Understanding the molecular structure of these recrystallized solid solutions is crucial to devise methods for effective purification. Unfortunately, there are limited analytical techniques that provide insights into the molecular structure or spatial distribution of impurities that are incorporated within recrystallized products. In this study, we investigated model solid solutions formed by recrystallizing salicylic acid (SA) in the presence of anthranilic acid (AA). These two molecules are known to form crystalline solid solutions due to their similar molecular structures. To overcome challenges associated with the long 1H longitudinal relaxation times (T1(1H)) of SA and AA, we employed dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and 15N isotope enrichment to enable solid-state NMR experiments. Results of solid-state NMR experiments and DFT calculations revealed that SA and AA are homogeneously alloyed as a solid solution. Heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) experiments and plane-wave DFT structural models provide further evidence of the molecular-level interactions between SA and AA. This research provides valuable insights into the molecular structure of recrystallized solid solutions, contributing to the development of effective purification strategies and an understanding of the physicochemical properties of solid solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashan Mi
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Yunhua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | | | - Fredrik L Nordstrom
- Material & Analytical Sciences, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - David A Hirsh
- Material & Analytical Sciences, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
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Goldberga I, Hung I, Sarou-Kanian V, Gervais C, Gan Z, Novák-Špačková J, Métro TX, Leroy C, Berthomieu D, van der Lee A, Bonhomme C, Laurencin D. High-Resolution 17O Solid-State NMR as a Unique Probe for Investigating Oxalate Binding Modes in Materials: The Case Study of Calcium Oxalate Biominerals. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10179-10193. [PMID: 38729620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Oxalate ligands are found in many classes of materials, including energy storage materials and biominerals. Determining their local environments at the atomic scale is thus paramount to establishing the structure and properties of numerous phases. Here, we show that high-resolution 17O solid-state NMR is a valuable asset for investigating the structure of crystalline oxalate systems. First, an efficient 17O-enrichment procedure of oxalate ligands is demonstrated using mechanochemistry. Then, 17O-enriched oxalates were used for the synthesis of the biologically relevant calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) phase, enabling the analysis of its structure and heat-induced phase transitions by high-resolution 17O NMR. Studies of the low-temperature COM form (LT-COM), using magnetic fields from 9.4 to 35.2 T, as well as 13C-17O MQ/D-RINEPT and 17O{1H} MQ/REDOR experiments, enabled the 8 inequivalent oxygen sites of the oxalates to be resolved, and tentatively assigned. The structural changes upon heat treatment of COM were also followed by high-resolution 17O NMR, providing new insight into the structures of the high-temperature form (HT-COM) and anhydrous calcium oxalate α-phase (α-COA), including the presence of structural disorder in the latter case. Overall, this work highlights the ease associated with 17O-enrichment of oxalate oxygens, and how it enables high-resolution solid-state NMR, for "NMR crystallography" investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Goldberga
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Ivan Hung
- National High Magnetic Laboratory (NHMFL), Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | | | | | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Laboratory (NHMFL), Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | | | | | - César Leroy
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
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6
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Perras FA, Paterson AL. Automatic fitting of multiple-field solid-state NMR spectra. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2024; 131:101935. [PMID: 38603990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2024.101935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The NMR lineshapes produced by half-integer quadrupolar nuclei are sensitive to 11 distinct fit parameters per inequivalent site. To date, automatic fitting routines have failed to replace manual parameter insertion and evaluation due to the importance of local minima and the need for fitting multiple-field magic-angle spinning (MAS) and static spectra simultaneously. Herein we introduce a new tool, AMES-Fit (Automatic Multiple Experiment Simulation and Fitting), to automatically find the global best-fit simulation parameters for a series of multiple-field NMR lineshapes. AMES-Fit uses an adaptive step size random search algorithm to dynamically probe parameter space and requires minimal human input. The best fits are obtained in a few minutes of computation time that would otherwise have required several person-hours of work. The program is freely available and open-source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric A Perras
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Division, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, United States.
| | - Alexander L Paterson
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, United States
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7
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Surowiec RK, Reul ON, Chowdhury NN, Rai RK, Segvich D, Tomaschke AA, Damrath J, Jacobson AM, Allen MR, Wallace JM. Combining raloxifene and mechanical loading improves bone composition and mechanical properties in a murine model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Bone 2024; 183:117089. [PMID: 38575047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an alarming risk of fracture compared to age and sex-matched non-CKD individuals. Clinical and preclinical data highlight two key factors in CKD-induced skeletal fragility: cortical porosity and reduced matrix-level properties including bone hydration. Thus, strategies are needed to address these concerns to improve mechanical properties and ultimately lower fracture risk in CKD. We sought to evaluate the singular and combined effects of mechanical and pharmacological interventions on modulating porosity, bone hydration, and mechanical properties in CKD. METHODS Sixteen-week-old male C57BL/6J mice underwent a 10-week CKD induction period via a 0.2 % adenine-laced casein-based diet (n = 48) or remained as non-CKD littermate controls (Con, n = 48). Following disease induction (26 weeks of age), n = 7 CKD and n = 7 Con were sacrificed (baseline cohort) to confirm a steady-state CKD state was achieved prior to the initiation of treatment. At 27 weeks of age, all remaining mice underwent right tibial loading to a maximum tensile strain of 2050 μƐ 3× a week for five weeks with the contralateral limb as a non-loaded control. Half of the mice (equal number CKD and Con) received subcutaneous injections of 0.5 mg/kg raloxifene (RAL) 5× a week, and the other half remained untreated (UN). Mice were sacrificed at 31 weeks of age. Serum biochemistries were performed, and bi-lateral tibiae were assessed for microarchitecture, whole bone and tissue level mechanical properties, and composition including bone hydration. RESULTS Regardless of intervention, BUN and PTH were higher in CKD animals throughout the study. In CKD, the combined effects of loading and RAL were quantified as lower cortical porosity and improved mechanical, material, and compositional properties, including higher matrix-bound water. Loading was generally responsible for positive impacts in cortical geometry and structural mechanical properties, while RAL treatment improved some trabecular outcomes and material-level mechanical properties and was responsible for improvements in several compositional parameters. While control animals responded positively to loading, their bones were less impacted by the RAL treatment, showing no deformation, toughness, or bound water improvements which were all evident in CKD. Serum PTH levels were negatively correlated with matrix-bound water. DISCUSSION An effective treatment program to improve fracture risk in CKD ideally focuses on the cortical bone and considers both cortical porosity and matrix properties. Loading-induced bone formation and mechanical improvements were observed across groups, and in the CKD cohort, this included lower cortical porosity. This study highlights that RAL treatment superimposed on active bone formation may be ideal for reducing skeletal complications in CKD by forming new bone with enhanced matrix properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Surowiec
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Olivia N Reul
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Nusaiba N Chowdhury
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Ratan K Rai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Dyann Segvich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Andrew A Tomaschke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - John Damrath
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America.
| | - Andrea M Jacobson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Matthew R Allen
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Joseph M Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
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8
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De Oliveira DH, Gowda V, Sparrman T, Gustafsson L, Sanches Pires R, Riekel C, Barth A, Lendel C, Hedhammar M. Structural conversion of the spidroin C-terminal domain during assembly of spider silk fibers. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4670. [PMID: 38821983 PMCID: PMC11143275 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The major ampullate Spidroin 1 (MaSp1) is the main protein of the dragline spider silk. The C-terminal (CT) domain of MaSp1 is crucial for the self-assembly into fibers but the details of how it contributes to the fiber formation remain unsolved. Here we exploit the fact that the CT domain can form silk-like fibers by itself to gain knowledge about this transition. Structural investigations of fibers from recombinantly produced CT domain from E. australis MaSp1 reveal an α-helix to β-sheet transition upon fiber formation and highlight the helix No4 segment as most likely to initiate the structural conversion. This prediction is corroborated by the finding that a peptide corresponding to helix No4 has the ability of pH-induced conversion into β-sheets and self-assembly into nanofibrils. Our results provide structural information about the CT domain in fiber form and clues about its role in triggering the structural conversion of spidroins during fiber assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Hirabae De Oliveira
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vasantha Gowda
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Linnea Gustafsson
- Spiber Technologies AB, Roslagstullsbacken 15, 114 21, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Christian Riekel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, B.P. 220, F-38043, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Andreas Barth
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christofer Lendel
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - My Hedhammar
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden.
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9
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Li J, Her AS, Besch A, Ramirez-Cordero B, Crames M, Banigan JR, Mueller C, Marsiglia WM, Zhang Y, Traaseth NJ. Dynamics underlie the drug recognition mechanism by the efflux transporter EmrE. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4537. [PMID: 38806470 PMCID: PMC11133458 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48803-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The multidrug efflux transporter EmrE from Escherichia coli requires anionic residues in the substrate binding pocket for coupling drug transport with the proton motive force. Here, we show how protonation of a single membrane embedded glutamate residue (Glu14) within the homodimer of EmrE modulates the structure and dynamics in an allosteric manner using NMR spectroscopy. The structure of EmrE in the Glu14 protonated state displays a partially occluded conformation that is inaccessible for drug binding by the presence of aromatic residues in the binding pocket. Deprotonation of a single Glu14 residue in one monomer induces an equilibrium shift toward the open state by altering its side chain position and that of a nearby tryptophan residue. This structural change promotes an open conformation that facilitates drug binding through a conformational selection mechanism and increases the binding affinity by approximately 2000-fold. The prevalence of proton-coupled exchange in efflux systems suggests a mechanism that may be shared in other antiporters where acid/base chemistry modulates access of drugs to the substrate binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Li
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ampon Sae Her
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alida Besch
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Maureen Crames
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - James R Banigan
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Casey Mueller
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Yingkai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Simons Center for Computational Physical Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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10
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Song S, Xu J, Chen Z, Sun CC, Munson EJ, Siegel RA. Miscibility of Amorphous Solid Dispersions: A Rheological and Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy Study. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00190-4. [PMID: 38796157 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Miscibility is critical in the prediction of stability against crystallization of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) in the solid state. However, currently available approaches for its determination are limited by both theoretical and practical considerations. Recently, a rheological approach guided by the polymer overlap concentration (c*) has been proposed for miscibility quantification of ASDs [J. Pharm. Sci., 112 (2023) 204-212] and shown to be useful in predicting both accelerated and long term physical stability in the absence of moisture. However, this approach can only be performed at high temperatures (slightly above the melting temperature, Tm, of drugs), and little is known about the difference in miscibility between high and low temperatures (e.g., below the glass transition temperature, Tg). Here we compare the miscibility of nifedipine (NIF)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) ASDs as determined by the rheological approach at 175°C (∼3°C above Tm of NIF) and solid state NMR (ssNMR) 1H T1 and T1ρ relaxation times at -20°C (∼66°C below Tg of NIF). Our results indicate agreement between the two methods. For low molecular weight (Mw) PVP, T1ρ measurements are more consistent with the rheological approach, while T1 measurements are closer for relatively high Mw PVP. Our findings support the use of the c* based rheological approach for inferring miscibility of deeply cooled ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichen Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Jianchao Xu
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Zhenxuan Chen
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, United States
| | - Changquan Calvin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Eric J Munson
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
| | - Ronald A Siegel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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11
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Tower CW, Lay-Fortenbery A, Su Y, Munson EJ. Predicting the Stability of Formulations Containing Lyophilized Human Serum Albumin and Sucrose/Trehalose Using Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 38781678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Stabilization of proteins by disaccharides in lyophilized formulations depends on the interactions between the protein and the disaccharide (system homogeneity) and the sufficiently low mobility of the system. Human serum albumin (HSA) was lyophilized with disaccharides (sucrose and/or trehalose) in different relative concentrations. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy 1H T1 and 1H T1ρ relaxation times were measured to determine the homogeneity of the lyophilized systems on 20-50 and 1-3 nm domains, respectively, with 1H T1 relaxation times also being used to determine the β-relaxation rate. HSA/sucrose systems had longer 1H T1 relaxation times and were slightly more stable than HSA/trehalose systems in almost all cases shown. HSA/sucrose/trehalose systems have 1H T1 relaxation times between the HSA/sucrose and HSA/trehalose systems and did not result in a more stable system compared with binary systems. Inhomogeneity was evident in a sample containing relative concentrations of 10% HSA and 90% trehalose, suggesting trehalose crystallization during lyophilization. Under these stability conditions and with these ssNMR acquisition parameters, a 1H T1 relaxation time below 1.5 s correlated with an unstable sample, regardless of the disaccharide(s) used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole W Tower
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ashley Lay-Fortenbery
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Supply, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yongchao Su
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Eric J Munson
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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12
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Jekhmane S, Derks MGN, Maity S, Slingerland CJ, Tehrani KHME, Medeiros-Silva J, Charitou V, Ammerlaan D, Fetz C, Consoli NA, Cochrane RVK, Matheson EJ, van der Weijde M, Elenbaas BOW, Lavore F, Cox R, Lorent JH, Baldus M, Künzler M, Lelli M, Cochrane SA, Martin NI, Roos WH, Breukink E, Weingarth M. Host defence peptide plectasin targets bacterial cell wall precursor lipid II by a calcium-sensitive supramolecular mechanism. Nat Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41564-024-01696-9. [PMID: 38783023 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a leading cause of mortality, calling for the development of new antibiotics. The fungal antibiotic plectasin is a eukaryotic host defence peptide that blocks bacterial cell wall synthesis. Here, using a combination of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, atomic force microscopy and activity assays, we show that plectasin uses a calcium-sensitive supramolecular killing mechanism. Efficient and selective binding of the target lipid II, a cell wall precursor with an irreplaceable pyrophosphate, is achieved by the oligomerization of plectasin into dense supra-structures that only form on bacterial membranes that comprise lipid II. Oligomerization and target binding of plectasin are interdependent and are enhanced by the coordination of calcium ions to plectasin's prominent anionic patch, causing allosteric changes that markedly improve the activity of the antibiotic. Structural knowledge of how host defence peptides impair cell wall synthesis will likely enable the development of superior drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehrazade Jekhmane
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maik G N Derks
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sourav Maity
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J Slingerland
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kamaleddin H M E Tehrani
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - João Medeiros-Silva
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vicky Charitou
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danique Ammerlaan
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Céline Fetz
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Naomi A Consoli
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Rachel V K Cochrane
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Eilidh J Matheson
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mick van der Weijde
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Barend O W Elenbaas
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Lavore
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Cox
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph H Lorent
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Baldus
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Künzler
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Moreno Lelli
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stephen A Cochrane
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Nathaniel I Martin
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter H Roos
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eefjan Breukink
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Markus Weingarth
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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13
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Desai AV, Ettlinger R, Seleghini HS, Stanzione MG, Cabañero JM, Ashbrook SE, Morris RE, Armstrong AR. Rapid preparation of binary mixtures of sodium carboxylates as anodes in sodium-ion batteries. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2024; 12:12119-12125. [PMID: 38779224 PMCID: PMC11107158 DOI: 10.1039/d3ta06928a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries are emerging as a sustainable solution to tackle the growing global energy demands. In this context, organic electrode materials complement such technologies as they are composed of earth-abundant elements. As organic anodes, sodium carboxylates exhibit promising applicability in a wide range of molecules. To harness the advantages of individual systems and to minimise their limitations, in this work, an approach to form binary mixtures of sodium carboxylates using one-pot, microwave-assisted synthesis is presented. The target mixtures were synthesised in 30 min with disodium naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate (Na-NDC) as a common constituent in all. Both components in all mixtures were shown to participate in the charge storage and had a considerable effect on the performance characteristics, such as specific capacity and working voltage, in half and full cell formats. This approach opens a new avenue for enabling organic materials to be considered as more competitive candidates in sodium-ion batteries and promote their use in other material classes to overcome their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamod V Desai
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - Romy Ettlinger
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - Heitor S Seleghini
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | | | - Joel M Cabañero
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - Sharon E Ashbrook
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - Russell E Morris
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
| | - A Robert Armstrong
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
- The Faraday Institution, Quad One Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK
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14
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Majhi D, Stevensson B, Nguyen TM, Edén M. 1H and 13C chemical shift-structure effects in anhydrous β-caffeine and four caffeine-diacid cocrystals probed by solid-state NMR experiments and DFT calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14345-14363. [PMID: 38700003 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06197c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
By using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we refined the H atom positions in the structures of β-caffeine (C), α-oxalic acid (OA; (COOH)2), α-(COOH)2·2H2O, β-malonic acid (MA), β-glutaric acid (GA), and I-maleic acid (ME), along with their corresponding cocrystals of 2 : 1 (2C-OA, 2C-MA) or 1 : 1 (C-GA, C-ME) stoichiometry. The corresponding 13C/1H chemical shifts obtained by gauge including projector augmented wave (GIPAW) calculations agreed overall very well with results from magic-angle-spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy experiments. Chemical-shift/structure trends of the precursors and cocrystals were examined, where good linear correlations resulted for all COO1H sites against the H⋯O and/or H⋯N H-bond distance, whereas a general correlation was neither found for the aliphatic/caffeine-stemming 1H sites nor any 13C chemical shift against either the intermolecular hydrogen- or tetrel-bond distance, except for the 13COOH sites of the 2C-OA, 2C-MA, and C-GA cocrystals, which are involved in a strong COOH⋯N bond with caffeine that is responsible for the main supramolecular stabilization of the cocrystal. We provide the first complete 13C NMR spectral assignment of the structurally disordered anhydrous β-caffeine polymorph. The results are discussed in relation to previous literature on the disordered α-caffeine polymorph and the ordered hydrated counterpart, along with recommendations for NMR experimentation that will secure sufficient 13C signal-resolution for reliable resonance/site assignments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Majhi
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Baltzar Stevensson
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tra Mi Nguyen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mattias Edén
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Muzquiz R, Jamshidi C, Conroy DW, Jaroniec CP, Foster MP. Insights into Ligand-Mediated Activation of an Oligomeric Ring-Shaped Gene-Regulatory Protein from Solution- and Solid-State NMR. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593404. [PMID: 38798368 PMCID: PMC11118279 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The 91 kDa oligomeric ring-shaped ligand binding protein TRAP (trp RNA binding attenuation protein) regulates the expression of a series of genes involved in tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis in bacilli. When cellular Trp levels rise, the free amino acid binds to sites buried in the interfaces between each of the 11 (or 12, depending on the species) protomers in the ring. Crystal structures of Trp-bound TRAP show the Trp ligands are sequestered from solvent by a pair of loops from adjacent protomers that bury the bound ligand via polar contacts to several threonine residues. Binding of the Trp ligands occurs cooperatively, such that successive binding events occur with higher apparent affinity but the structural basis for this cooperativity is poorly understood. We used solution methyl-TROSY NMR relaxation experiments focused on threonine and isoleucine sidechains, as well as magic angle spinning solid-state NMR 13C-13C and 15N-13C chemical shift correlation spectra on uniformly labeled samples recorded at 800 and 1200 MHz, to characterize the structure and dynamics of the protein. Methyl 13C relaxation dispersion experiments on ligand-free apo TRAP revealed concerted exchange dynamics on the μs-ms time scale, consistent with transient sampling of conformations that could allow ligand binding. Cross-correlated relaxation experiments revealed widespread disorder on fast timescales. Chemical shifts for methyl-bearing side chains in apo- and Trp-bound TRAP revealed subtle changes in the distribution of sampled sidechain rotameric states. These observations reveal a pathway and mechanism for induced conformational changes to generate homotropic Trp-Trp binding cooperativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Muzquiz
- Ohio State Biochemistry Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Cameron Jamshidi
- Ohio State Biochemistry Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Daniel W. Conroy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Christopher P. Jaroniec
- Ohio State Biochemistry Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mark P. Foster
- Ohio State Biochemistry Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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16
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Barr KE, Ohnsorg ML, Liberman L, Corcoran LG, Sarode A, Nagapudi K, Feder CR, Bates FS, Reineke TM. Drug-Polymer Nanodroplet Formation and Morphology Drive Solubility Enhancement of GDC-0810. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:499-516. [PMID: 38546823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanodroplet formation is important to achieve supersaturation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in an amorphous solid dispersion. The aim of the current study was to explore how polymer composition, architecture, molar mass, and surfactant concentration affect polymer-drug nanodroplet morphology with the breast cancer API, GDC-0810. The impact of nanodroplet size and morphology on dissolution efficacy and drug loading capacity was explored using polarized light microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-stat-N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PND) was synthesized as two linear derivatives and two bottlebrush derivatives with carboxylated or PEGylated end-groups. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate grade MF (HPMCAS-MF) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVPVA) were included as commercial polymer controls. We report the first copolymerization synthesis of a PVPVA bottlebrush copolymer, which was the highest performing excipient in this study, maintaining 688 μg/mL GDC-0810 concentration at 60 wt % drug loading. This is likely due to strong polymer-drug noncovalent interactions and the compaction of GDC-0810 along the PVPVA bottlebrush backbone. Overall, it was observed that the most effective formulations had a hydrodynamic radius less than 25 nm with tightly compacted nanodroplet morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee E Barr
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Monica L Ohnsorg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Lucy Liberman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Louis G Corcoran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Apoorva Sarode
- Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Karthik Nagapudi
- Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christina R Feder
- Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Frank S Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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17
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Rose AM, McLauchlin AR, Wilson G, McDonald TO, Blanc F. Characterisation of formulated high-density poly(ethylene) by magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. Polym Chem 2024; 15:1511-1521. [PMID: 38633016 PMCID: PMC11019405 DOI: 10.1039/d4py00010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
High-density poly(ethylene) (HDPE) is an important class of polymer used extensively in plastic packaging as well as numerous other applications. HDPE has a structure that consists of crystalline (monoclinic and orthorhombic) and amorphous domains. Here, we exploit a range of approaches focusing on magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) aimed at comparing the effect of the HDPE sample formulation (cutting, shaving and cryomilling), from the commercially available manufactured pellets, into these domains and their quantification. 13C cross polarisation (CP) experiments reveal that these formulated HDPEs are qualitatively different and 13C CP build-up curves and 13C direct excitation experiments enable the content of each domain to be obtained, pointing to an increase of monoclinic domain at the expense of the orthorhombic one upon increased processing. The crystallinity contents obtained compared, in some cases, favourably with those obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data. These results provide evidence that the manner of preparation of HDPE pellets modifies the concentration of the various domains and suggest that care should be taken during processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Rose
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Andrew R McLauchlin
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Henry Royce Institute, Department of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - George Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Henry Royce Institute, Department of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, University of Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Crown Street, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Peach Street, University of Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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18
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Sacchi P, Wright SE, Neoptolemou P, Lampronti GI, Rajagopalan AK, Kras W, Evans CL, Hodgkinson P, Cruz-Cabeza AJ. Crystal size, shape, and conformational changes drive both the disappearance and reappearance of ritonavir polymorphs in the mill. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319127121. [PMID: 38557191 PMCID: PMC11009673 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319127121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic compounds can crystallize in different forms known as polymorphs. Discovery and control of polymorphism is crucial to the pharmaceutical industry since different polymorphs can have significantly different physical properties which impacts their utilization in drug delivery. Certain polymorphs have been reported to 'disappear' from the physical world, irreversibly converting to new ones. These unwanted polymorph conversions, initially prevented by slow nucleation kinetics, are eventually observed driven by significant gains in thermodynamic stabilities. The most infamous of these cases is that of the HIV drug ritonavir (RVR): Once its reluctant form was unwillingly nucleated for the first time, its desired form could no longer be produced with the same manufacturing process. Here we show that RVR's extraordinary disappearing polymorph as well as its reluctant form can be consistently produced by ball-milling under different environmental conditions. We demonstrate that the significant difference in stability between its polymorphs can be changed and reversed in the mill-a process we show is driven by crystal size as well as crystal shape and conformational effects. We also show that those effects can be controlled through careful design of milling conditions since they dictate the kinetics of crystal breakage, dissolution, and growth processes that eventually lead to steady-state crystal sizes and shapes in the mill. This work highlights the huge potential of mechanochemistry in polymorph discovery of forms initially difficult to nucleate, recovery of disappearing polymorphs, and polymorph control of complex flexible drug compounds such as RVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Sacchi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
- The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, CambridgeCB2 1EZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E. Wright
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Petros Neoptolemou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Giulio I. Lampronti
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Weronika Kras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, AstraZeneca, MacclesfieldSK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Caitlin L. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Hodgkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Aurora J. Cruz-Cabeza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, AstraZeneca, MacclesfieldSK10 2NA, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DurhamDH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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19
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Lay-Fortenbery A, Tower CW, Ezeajughi E, Calahan J, Duru C, Matejtschuk P, Munson EJ. Predicting the Stability of Lyophilized Human Serum Albumin Formulations Containing Sucrose and Trehalose Using Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: Effect of Storage Temperature on 1H T 1 Relaxation Times. AAPS J 2024; 26:40. [PMID: 38570383 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00900-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In a lyophilized protein/disaccharide system, the ability of the disaccharide to form a homogeneous mixture with the protein and to slow the protein mobility dictates the stabilization potential of the formulation. Human serum albumin was lyophilized with sucrose or trehalose in histidine, phosphate, or citrate buffer. 1H T1 relaxation times were measured by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and were used to assess the homogeneity and mobility of the samples after zero, six, and twelve months at different temperatures. The mobility of the samples decreased after 6 and 12 months storage at elevated temperatures, consistent with structural relaxation of the amorphous disaccharide matrix. Formulations with sucrose had lower mobility and greater stability than formulations with trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Lay-Fortenbery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA
| | - Cole W Tower
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ernest Ezeajughi
- Analytical and Biological Sciences, Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Julie Calahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA
| | - Chinwe Duru
- Analytical and Biological Sciences, Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Paul Matejtschuk
- Analytical and Biological Sciences, Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK.
| | - Eric J Munson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA.
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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20
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Dhavale DD, Barclay AM, Borcik CG, Basore K, Berthold DA, Gordon IR, Liu J, Milchberg MH, O'Shea JY, Rau MJ, Smith Z, Sen S, Summers B, Smith J, Warmuth OA, Perrin RJ, Perlmutter JS, Chen Q, Fitzpatrick JAJ, Schwieters CD, Tajkhorshid E, Rienstra CM, Kotzbauer PT. Structure of alpha-synuclein fibrils derived from human Lewy body dementia tissue. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2750. [PMID: 38553463 PMCID: PMC10980826 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The defining feature of Parkinson disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD) is the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (Asyn) fibrils in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. Here we develop and validate a method to amplify Asyn fibrils extracted from LBD postmortem tissue samples and use solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) studies to determine atomic resolution structure. Amplified LBD Asyn fibrils comprise a mixture of single protofilament and two protofilament fibrils with very low twist. The protofilament fold is highly similar to the fold determined by a recent cryo-electron microscopy study for a minority population of twisted single protofilament fibrils extracted from LBD tissue. These results expand the structural characterization of LBD Asyn fibrils and approaches for studying disease mechanisms, imaging agents and therapeutics targeting Asyn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruva D Dhavale
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Alexander M Barclay
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Collin G Borcik
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Katherine Basore
- Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deborah A Berthold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Isabelle R Gordon
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jialu Liu
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Moses H Milchberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer Y O'Shea
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michael J Rau
- Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Zachary Smith
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Soumyo Sen
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Resource for Macromolecular Modeling and Visualization, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Brock Summers
- Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - John Smith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Owen A Warmuth
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Richard J Perrin
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Radiology, Neuroscience, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - James A J Fitzpatrick
- Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Charles D Schwieters
- Computational Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Resource for Macromolecular Modeling and Visualization, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chad M Rienstra
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Paul T Kotzbauer
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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21
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Zhang Z, Kato K, Tamaki H, Matsuki Y. Background signal suppression by opposite polarity subtraction for targeted DNP NMR spectroscopy on mixture samples. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9880-9890. [PMID: 38317640 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06280e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A novel method for background signal suppression is introduced to improve the selectivity of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR spectroscopy in the study of target molecules within complex mixtures. The method uses subtraction between positively and negatively enhanced DNP spectra, leading to an improved contrast factor, which is the ratio between the target and background signal intensities. The proposed approach was experimentally validated using a reverse-micelle system that confines the target molecules together with the polarizing agent, OX063 trityl. A substantial increase in the contrast factor was observed, and the contrast factor was optimized through careful selection of the DNP build-up time. A simulation study based on the experimental results provides insights into a strategy for choosing the appropriate DNP build-up time and the corresponding selectivity of the method. Further analysis revealed a broad applicability of the technique, encompassing studies from large biomolecules to surface-modified polymers, depending on the nuclear spin diffusion rate with a range of gyromagnetic ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongliang Zhang
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Ken Kato
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hajime Tamaki
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yoh Matsuki
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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22
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Neumann SE, Kwon J, Gropp C, Ma L, Giovine R, Ma T, Hanikel N, Wang K, Chen T, Jagani S, Ritchie RO, Xu T, Yaghi OM. The propensity for covalent organic frameworks to template polymer entanglement. Science 2024; 383:1337-1343. [PMID: 38513024 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of molecularly woven three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic framework (COF) crystals into polymers of varying types invokes different forms of contact between filler and polymer. Whereas the combination of woven COFs with amorphous and brittle polymethyl methacrylate results in surface interactions, the use of the liquid-crystalline polymer polyimide induces the formation of polymer-COF junctions. These junctions are generated by the threading of polymer chains through the pores of the nanocrystals, thus allowing for spatial arrangement of polymer strands. This offers a programmable pathway for unthreading polymer strands under stress and leads to the in situ formation of high-aspect-ratio nanofibrils, which dissipate energy during the fracture. Polymer-COF junctions also strengthen the filler-matrix interfaces and lower the percolation thresholds of the composites, enhancing strength, ductility, and toughness of the composites by adding small amounts (~1 weight %) of woven COF nanocrystals. The ability of the polymer strands to closely interact with the woven framework is highlighted as the main parameter to forming these junctions, thus affecting polymer chain penetration and conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ephraim Neumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Junpyo Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Cornelius Gropp
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Le Ma
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Raynald Giovine
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Tianqiong Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nikita Hanikel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Tiffany Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Shaan Jagani
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Omar M Yaghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Bakar Institute of Digital Materials for the Planet, Division of Computing, Data Science, and Society, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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23
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Olejnik-Fehér N, Jędrzejewska M, Wolska-Pietkiewicz M, Lee D, Paëpe GD, Lewiński J. On the Fate of Lithium Ions in Sol-Gel Derived Zinc Oxide Nanocrystals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309984. [PMID: 38497489 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Among diverse chemical synthetic approaches to zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO NCs), ubiquitous inorganic sol-gel methodology proved crucial for advancements in ZnO-based nanoscience. Strikingly, unlike the exquisite level of control over morphology and size dispersity achieved in ZnO NC syntheses, the purity of the crystalline phase, as well as the understanding of the surface structure and the character of the inorganic-organic interface, have been limited to vague descriptors until very recently. Herein, ZnO NCs applying the standard sol-gel synthetic protocol are synthesized with zinc acetate and lithium hydroxide and tracked the integration of lithium (Li) cations into the interior and exterior of nanoparticles by combining various techniques, including advanced solid-state NMR methods. In contrast to common views, it is demonstrated that Li+ ions remain kinetically trapped in the inorganic core, enter into a shallow subsurface layer, and generate "swelling" of the surface and interface regions. Thus, this work enabled both the determination of the NCs' structural imperfections and an in-depth understanding of the unappreciated role of the Li+ ions in impacting the doping and the passivation of sol-gel-derived ZnO nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Olejnik-Fehér
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Maria Jędrzejewska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | | | - Daniel Lee
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw, 00-664, Poland
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24
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Trenkenschuh E, Blattner SM, Hirsh D, Hoffmann R, Luebbert C, Schaefer K. Development of Ternary Amorphous Solid Dispersions Manufactured by Hot-Melt Extrusion and Spray-Drying─Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Performance. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1309-1320. [PMID: 38345459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Producing amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) by hot-melt extrusion (HME) is favorable from an economic and ecological perspective but also limited to thermostable active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). A potential technology shift from spray-drying to hot-melt extrusion at later stages of drug product development is a desirable goal, however bearing the risk of insufficient comparability of the in vitro and in vivo performance of the final dosage form. Hot-melt extrusion was performed using API/polymer/surfactant mixtures with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) as the polymer and evaluated regarding the extrudability of binary and ternary amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Additionally, spray-dried ASDs were produced, and solid-state properties were compared to the melt-extruded ASDs. Tablets were manufactured of a ternary ASD lead candidate comparing their in vitro dissolution and in vivo performance. The extrudability of HPMCAS was improved by adding a surfactant as plasticizer, thereby lowering the high melt-viscosity. d-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) as surfactant showed the most similar solid-state properties between spray-dried and extruded ASDs compared to those of poloxamer 188 and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The addition of TPGS, however, barely affected API/polymer interactions. The in vitro dissolution experiment and in vivo dog study revealed a higher drug release of tablets manufactured from the spray-dried ASD compared to the melt-extruded ASD; this was attributed to the different particle size. We could further demonstrate that the drug release can be controlled by adjusting the particle size of melt-extruded ASDs leading to a similar release profile compared to tablets containing the spray-dried dispersion, which confirmed the feasibility of a technology shift from spray-drying to HME upon drug product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Trenkenschuh
- Pharmaceutical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88400 Biberach/Riß, Germany
| | - Simone M Blattner
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88400 Biberach/Riß, Germany
| | - David Hirsh
- Material and Analytical Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Ragna Hoffmann
- Pharmaceutical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88400 Biberach/Riß, Germany
| | | | - Kerstin Schaefer
- Pharmaceutical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88400 Biberach/Riß, Germany
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25
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Holmes ST, Boley CM, Dewicki A, Gardner ZT, Vojvodin CS, Iuliucci RJ, Schurko RW. Carbon-13 chemical shift tensor measurements for nitrogen-dense compounds. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2024; 62:179-189. [PMID: 38230444 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
This paper reports the principal values of the 13 C chemical shift tensors for five nitrogen-dense compounds (i.e., cytosine, uracil, imidazole, guanidine hydrochloride, and aminoguanidine hydrochloride). Although these are all fundamentally important compounds, the majority do not have 13 C chemical shift tensors reported in the literature. The chemical shift tensors are obtained from 1 H→13 C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CP/MAS) experiments that were conducted at a high field of 18.8 T to suppress the effects of 14 N-13 C residual dipolar coupling. Quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory are used to obtain the 13 C magnetic shielding tensors for these compounds. The best agreement with experiment arises from calculations using the hybrid functional PBE0 or the double-hybrid functional PBE0-DH, along with the triple-zeta basis sets TZ2P or pc-3, respectively, and intermolecular effects modeled using large clusters of molecules with electrostatic embedding through the COSMO approach. These measurements are part of an ongoing effort to expand the catalog of accurate 13 C chemical shift tensor measurements, with the aim of creating a database that may be useful for benchmarking the accuracy of quantum chemical calculations, developing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) crystallography protocols, or aiding in applications involving machine learning or data mining. This work was conducted at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory as part of a 2-week school for introducing undergraduate students to practical laboratory experience that will prepare them for scientific careers or postgraduate studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Holmes
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Cameron M Boley
- Department of Chemistry, Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Angelika Dewicki
- Department of Chemistry, Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary T Gardner
- Department of Chemistry, Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cameron S Vojvodin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Robbie J Iuliucci
- Department of Chemistry, Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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26
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Wi S, Li C, Pham K, Lee W, Frydman L. Short and long range 2D 15N- 15N NMR correlations among peptide groups by novel solid state dipolar mixing schemes. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2024; 78:19-30. [PMID: 38102490 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-023-00429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
A recently developed homonuclear dipolar recoupling scheme, Adiabatic Linearly FREquency Swept reCOupling (AL FRESCO), was applied to record two-dimensional (2D) 15N-15N correlations on uniformly 15N-labeled GB1 powders. A major feature exploited in these 15N-15N correlations was AL FRESCO's remarkably low RF power demands, which enabled seconds-long mixing schemes when establishing direct correlations. These 15N-15N mixing schemes proved efficient regardless of the magic-angle spinning (MAS) rate and, being nearly free from dipolar truncation effects, they enabled the detection of long-range, weak dipolar couplings, even in the presence of strong short-range dipolar couplings. This led to a connectivity information that was significantly better than that obtained with spontaneously proton-driven, 15N spin-diffusion experiments. An indirect approach producing long-range 15N-15N correlations was also tested, relying on short (ms-long) 1HN-1HN mixings schemes while applying AL FRESCO chirped pulses along the 15N channel. These indirect mixing schemes produced numerous long-distance Ni-Ni±n (n = 2 - 5) correlations, that might be useful for characterizing three-dimensional arrangements in proteins. Once again, these AL FRESCO mediated experiments proved more informative than variants based on spin-diffusion-based 1HN-1HN counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsool Wi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32304, USA.
| | - Conggang Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Karen Pham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO, 80217-3364, USA
| | - Woonghee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO, 80217-3364, USA
| | - Lucio Frydman
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32304, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot, Israel.
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27
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Gopinath T, Shin K, Tian Y, Im W, Struppe J, Perrone B, Hassan A, Marassi FM. Solid-state NMR MAS CryoProbe enables structural studies of human blood protein vitronectin bound to hydroxyapatite. J Struct Biol 2024; 216:108061. [PMID: 38185342 PMCID: PMC10939839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2024.108061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The low sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a major bottleneck for studying biomolecular structures of complex biomolecular assemblies. Cryogenically cooled probe technology overcomes the sensitivity limitations enabling NMR applications to challenging biomolecular systems. Here we describe solid-state NMR studies of the human blood protein vitronectin (Vn) bound to hydroxyapatite (HAP), the mineralized form of calcium phosphate, using a CryoProbe designed for magic angle spinning (MAS) experiments. Vn is a major blood protein that regulates many different physiological and pathological processes. The high sensitivity of the CryoProbe enabled us to acquire three-dimensional solid-state NMR spectra for sequential assignment and characterization of site-specific water-protein interactions that provide initial insights into the organization of the Vn-HAP complex. Vn associates with HAP in various pathological settings, including macular degeneration eyes and Alzheimer's disease brains. The ability to probe these assemblies at atomic detail paves the way for understanding their formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gopinath
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kyungsoo Shin
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Wonpil Im
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, and Bioengineering, Lehigh University, PA 18015, USA
| | - Jochem Struppe
- Bruker Biospin Corporation, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | | | - Alia Hassan
- Bruker Switzerland AG, Fallanden, Switzerland
| | - Francesca M Marassi
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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28
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Toomey R, Powell J, Cheever J, Harper JK. Distinguishing between COOH, COO - , and hydrogen disordered COOH sites in solids with 13 C chemical shift anisotropy and T 1 measurements. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2024; 62:190-197. [PMID: 38237932 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Since 1993, it has been known that 13 C chemical shift tensor (i.e., δ11 , δ22 , and δ33 ) provides information sufficient to distinguish between COOH and COO- sites. Herein, four previously unreported metrics are proposed for differentiating COOH/COO- moieties. A new relationship is also introduced that correlates the asymmetry (i.e., δ11 -δ22 ) of COOH sites to the proximity of hydrogen bond donating partners within 2.6 Å with high accuracy (±0.05 Å). Conversely, a limitation to all proposed metrics is that they fail to distinguish between COO- and hydrogen disordered COOH sites. To reconcile this omission, a new approach is proposed based on T1 measurements of both 1 H and 13 C. The 13 C T1 values are particularly sensitive with the T1 for hydrogen disordered COOH moieties found to be nearly six times smaller than T1 's from COO- sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Toomey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Jacob Powell
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jacob Cheever
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - James K Harper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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29
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Stirk AJ, Holmes ST, Souza FES, Hung I, Gan Z, Britten JF, Rey AW, Schurko RW. An unusual ionic cocrystal of ponatinib hydrochloride: characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ultra-high field NMR spectroscopy. CrystEngComm 2024; 26:1219-1233. [PMID: 38419975 PMCID: PMC10897533 DOI: 10.1039/d3ce01062g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This study describes the discovery of a unique ionic cocrystal of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) ponatinib hydrochloride (pon·HCl), and characterization using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) and solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy. Pon·HCl is a multicomponent crystal that features an unusual stoichiometry, with an asymmetric unit containing both monocations and dications of the ponatinib molecule, three water molecules, and three chloride ions. Structural features include (i) a charged imidazopyridazine moiety that forms a hydrogen bond between the ponatinib monocations and dications and (ii) a chloride ion that does not feature hydrogen bonds involving any organic moiety, instead being situated in a "square" arrangement with three water molecules. Multinuclear SSNMR, featuring high and ultra-high fields up to 35.2 T, provides the groundwork for structural interpretation of complex multicomponent crystals in the absence of diffraction data. A 13C CP/MAS spectrum confirms the presence of two crystallographically distinct ponatinib molecules, whereas 1D 1H and 2D 1H-1H DQ-SQ spectra identify and assign the unusually deshielded imidazopyridazine proton. 1D 35Cl spectra obtained at multiple fields confirm the presence of three distinct chloride ions, with density functional theory calculations providing key relationships between the SSNMR spectra and H⋯Cl- hydrogen bonding arrangements. A 2D 35Cl → 1H D-RINEPT spectrum confirms the spatial proximities between the chloride ions, water molecules, and amine moieties. This all suggests future application of multinuclear SSNMR at high and ultra-high fields to the study of complex API solid forms for which SCXRD data are unavailable, with potential application to heterogeneous mixtures or amorphous solid dispersions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean T Holmes
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | | | - Ivan Hung
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - James F Britten
- MAX Diffraction Facility, McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Allan W Rey
- Apotex Pharmachem Inc. Brantford ON N3T 6B8 Canada
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306 USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
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30
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Venel F, Giovine R, Laurencin D, Špačková J, Mittelette S, Métro TX, Volkringer C, Lafon O, Pourpoint F. Probing oxygen exchange between UiO-66(Zr) MOF and water using 17 O solid-state NMR. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302731. [PMID: 38227358 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The Zr-based Metal Organic Framework (MOF) UiO-66(Zr) is widely employed owing to its good thermal and chemical stabilities. Although the long-range structure of this MOF is preserved in the presence of water during several days, little is known about the formation of defects, which cannot be detected using diffraction techniques. We apply here 17 O solid-state NMR spectroscopy at 18.8 T to investigate the reactivity of UiO-66, through the exchange of oxygen atoms between the different sites of the MOF and water. For that purpose, we have selectively enriched in 17 O isotope the carboxylate groups of UiO-66(Zr) by using it with 17 O-labeled terephthalic acid prepared using mechanochemistry. In the presence of water at 50 °C and a following dehydration at 150 °C, we observe an overall exchange of O atoms between COO- and μ3 -O2- sites. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the three distinct oxygen sites, μ3 -OH, μ3 -O2- and COO- , of UiO-66(Zr) MOF can be enriched in 17 O isotope by post-synthetic hydrothermal treatment in the presence of 17 O-enriched water. These results demonstrate the lability of Zr-O bonds and the reactivity of UiO-66(Zr) with water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Venel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Raynald Giovine
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Danielle Laurencin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 05, France
| | - Jessica Špačková
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 05, France
| | - Sébastien Mittelette
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 05, France
| | - Thomas-Xavier Métro
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR-5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 05, France
| | - Christophe Volkringer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
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31
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Yekefallah M, van Aalst EJ, van Beekveld RAM, Eason IR, Breukink E, Weingarth M, Wylie BJ. Cooperative Gating of a K + Channel by Unmodified Biological Anionic Lipids Viewed by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4421-4432. [PMID: 38334076 PMCID: PMC10885140 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Lipids adhere to membrane proteins to stimulate or suppress molecular and ionic transport and signal transduction. Yet, the molecular details of lipid-protein interaction and their functional impact are poorly characterized. Here we combine NMR, coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD), and functional assays to reveal classic cooperativity in the binding and subsequent activation of a bacterial inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channel by phosphatidylglycerol (PG), a common component of many membranes. Past studies of lipid activation of Kir channels focused primarily on phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate, a relatively rare signaling lipid that is tightly regulated in space and time. We use solid-state NMR to quantify the binding of unmodified 13C-PG to the K+ channel KirBac1.1 in liposomes. This specific lipid-protein interaction has a dissociation constant (Kd) of ∼7 mol percentage PG (ΧPG) with positive cooperativity (n = 3.8) and approaches saturation near 20% ΧPG. Liposomal flux assays show that K+ flux also increases with PG in a cooperative manner with an EC50 of ∼20% ΧPG, within the physiological range. Further quantitative fitting of these data reveals that PG acts as a partial (80%) agonist with fivefold K+ flux amplification. Comparisons of NMR chemical shift perturbation and CGMD simulations at different ΧPG confirm the direct interaction of PG with key residues, several of which would not be accessible to lipid headgroups in the closed state of the channel. Allosteric regulation by a common lipid is directly relevant to the activation mechanisms of several human ion channels. This study highlights the role of concentration-dependent lipid-protein interactions and tightly controlled protein allostery in the activation and regulation of ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Yekefallah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Evan J van Aalst
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Roy A M van Beekveld
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Isaac R Eason
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Eefjan Breukink
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Weingarth
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin J Wylie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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32
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Luder DJ, Terefenko N, Sun Q, Eckert H, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Kehr G, Erker G, Wiegand T. Polar covalent apex-base bonding in borapyramidanes probed by solid-state NMR and DFT calculations. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303701. [PMID: 38078510 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Pyramidane molecules have attracted chemists for many decades due to their regular shape, high symmetry and their correspondence in the macroscopic world. Recently, experimental access to a number of examples has been reported, in particular the rarely reported square pyramidal bora[4]pyramidanes. To describe the bonding situation of the nonclassical structure of pyramidanes, we present solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) as a versatile tool for deciphering such bonding properties for three now accessible bora[4]pyramidane and dibora[5]pyramidane molecules. 11 B solid-state NMR spectra indicate that the apical boron nuclei in these compounds are strongly shielded (around -50 ppm vs. BF3 -Et2 O complex) and possess quadrupolar coupling constants of less than 0.9 MHz pointing to a rather high local symmetry. 13 C-11 B spin-spin coupling constants have been explored as a measure of the bond covalency in the borapyramidanes. While the carbon-boron bond to the -B(C6 F5 )2 substituents of the base serves as an example for a classical covalent 2-center-2-electron (2c-2e) sp2 -carbon-sp2 -boron σ-bond with 1 J(13 C-11 B) coupling constants in the order of 75 Hz, those of the boron(apical)-carbon(basal) bonds in the pyramid are too small to measure. These results suggest that these bonds have a strongly ionic character, which is also supported by quantum-chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique J Luder
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Terefenko
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Qiu Sun
- Organische Chemie, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP 13566-590, Brazil
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Gerald Kehr
- Organische Chemie, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organische Chemie, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Wiegand
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim, Germany
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33
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Gardon L, Becker N, Gremer L, Heise H. Structural Impact of N-terminal Pyroglutamate in an Amyloid-β(3-42) Fibril Probed by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303007. [PMID: 38100216 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, primarily formed by Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42) fibrils, are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The Aβ peptide can undergo a high variety of different post-translational modifications including formation of a pyroglutamate (pGlu, pE) at N-terminal Glu3 or Glu11 of truncated Aβ(3-x) or Aβ(11-x), respectively. Here we studied structural similarities and differences between pEAβ(3-42) and LS-shaped Aβ(1-42) fibrils grown under identical conditions (pH 2) using solid-state NMR spectroscopy. We show that the central region of pEAβ(3-42) fibrils including the turn region around V24 is almost identical to Aβ(1-42) showing similar β-strands also at the N-terminus. The missing N-terminal residues D1-A2 along with pE3 formation in pEAβ(3-42) preclude a salt bridge between K28-D1' as in Aβ(1-42) fibrils. G37 and G38 act as highly sensitive internal sensors for the modified N-terminus, which remains rigid over ~five pH units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gardon
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Becker
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lothar Gremer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrike Heise
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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34
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Lamahewage SNS, Atterberry BA, Dorn RW, Gi E, Kimball MR, Blümel J, Vela J, Rossini AJ. Accelerated acquisition of wideline solid-state NMR spectra of spin 3/2 nuclei by frequency-stepped indirect detection experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:5081-5096. [PMID: 38259035 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05055f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
73% of all NMR-active nuclei are quadrupolar nuclei with a nuclear spin I > 1/2. The broadening of the solid-state NMR signals by the quadrupolar interaction often leads to poor sensitivity and low resolution. In this work we present experimental and theoretical investigations of magic angle spinning (MAS) 1H{X} double-echo resonance-echo saturation-pulse double-resonance (DE-RESPDOR) and Y{X} J-resolved solid-state NMR experiments for the indirect detection of spin 3/2 quadrupolar nuclei (X = spin 3/2 nuclei, Y = spin 1/2 nuclei). In these experiments, the spectrum of the quadrupolar nucleus is reconstructed by plotting the observed dephasing of the detected spin as a function of the transmitter offset of the indirectly detected spin. Numerical simulations were used to investigate the achievable levels of dephasing and to predict the lineshapes of indirectly detected NMR spectra of the quadrupolar nucleus. We demonstrate 1H, 31P and 207Pb detection of 35Cl, 81Br, and 63Cu (I = 3/2) nuclei in trans-Cl2Pt(NH3)2 (transplatin), (CH3NH3)PbCl3 (methylammonium lead chloride, MAPbCl3), (CH3NH3)PbBr3 (methylammonium lead bromide, MAPbBr3) and CH3C(CH2PPh2)3CuI (1,1,1-tris(diphenylphosphinomethyl)ethane copper(I) iodide, triphosCuI), respectively. In all of these experiments, we were able to detect megahertz wide central transition or satellite transition powder patterns. Significant time savings and gains in sensitivity were attained in several test cases. Additionally, the indirect detection experiments provide valuable structural information because they confirm the presence of dipolar or scalar couplings between the detected nucleus and the quadrupolar nucleus of interest. Finally, numerical simulations suggest these methods are also potentially applicable to abundant spin 5/2 and spin 7/2 quadrupolar nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeewa N S Lamahewage
- US Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA.
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Benjamin A Atterberry
- US Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA.
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Rick W Dorn
- US Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA.
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Eunbyeol Gi
- US Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA.
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Maxwell R Kimball
- Texas A&M University, Department of Chemistry, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA.
| | - Janet Blümel
- Texas A&M University, Department of Chemistry, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA.
| | - Javier Vela
- US Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA.
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- US Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA.
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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35
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Huang W, Mei Q, Xu S, An B, He M, Li J, Chen Y, Han X, Luo T, Guo L, Hurd J, Lee D, Tillotson E, Haigh SJ, Walton A, Day SJ, Natrajan LS, Schröder M, Yang S. Direct Synthesis of N-formamides by Integrating Reductive Amination of Ketones and Aldehydes with CO 2 Fixation in a Metal-Organic Framework. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303289. [PMID: 37899311 PMCID: PMC10952134 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Formamides are important feedstocks for the manufacture of many fine chemicals. State-of-the-art synthesis of formamides relies on the use of an excess amount of reagents, giving copious waste and thus poor atom-economy. Here, we report the first example of direct synthesis of N-formamides by coupling two challenging reactions, namely reductive amination of carbonyl compounds, particularly biomass-derived aldehydes and ketones, and fixation of CO2 in the presence of H2 over a metal-organic framework supported ruthenium catalyst, Ru/MFM-300(Cr). Highly selective production of N-formamides has been observed for a wide range of carbonyl compounds. Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction reveals the presence of strong host-guest binding interactions via hydrogen bonding and parallel-displaced π⋅⋅⋅π interactions between the catalyst and adsorbed substrates facilitating the activation of substrates and promoting selectivity to formamides. The use of multifunctional porous catalysts to integrate CO2 utilisation in the synthesis of formamide products will have a significant impact in the sustainable synthesis of feedstock chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Huang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Qingqing Mei
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Shaojun Xu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- UK Catalysis HubResearch Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwellOX11 0FAUK
| | - Bing An
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Meng He
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Jiangnan Li
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Yinlin Chen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Xue Han
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Tian Luo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Lixia Guo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Joseph Hurd
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Daniel Lee
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Evan Tillotson
- Department of MaterialsUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Sarah J. Haigh
- Department of MaterialsUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Alex Walton
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Photon Science InstituteUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Sarah J. Day
- Diamond Light Source Harwell Science CampusOxfordshireOX11 0DEUK
| | | | - Martin Schröder
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Sihai Yang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
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36
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Kumar R, Le Marchand T, Adam L, Bobrovs R, Chen G, Fridmanis J, Kronqvist N, Biverstål H, Jaudzems K, Johansson J, Pintacuda G, Abelein A. Identification of potential aggregation hotspots on Aβ42 fibrils blocked by the anti-amyloid chaperone-like BRICHOS domain. Nat Commun 2024; 15:965. [PMID: 38302480 PMCID: PMC10834949 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding can generate toxic intermediates, which underlies several devastating diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The surface of AD-associated amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) fibrils has been suggested to act as a catalyzer for self-replication and generation of potentially toxic species. Specifically tailored molecular chaperones, such as the BRICHOS protein domain, were shown to bind to amyloid fibrils and break this autocatalytic cycle. Here, we identify a site on the Aβ42 fibril surface, consisting of three C-terminal β-strands and particularly the solvent-exposed β-strand stretching from residues 26-28, which is efficiently sensed by a designed variant of Bri2 BRICHOS. Remarkably, while only a low amount of BRICHOS binds to Aβ42 fibrils, fibril-catalyzed nucleation processes are effectively prevented, suggesting that the identified site acts as a catalytic aggregation hotspot, which can specifically be blocked by BRICHOS. Hence, these findings provide an understanding how toxic nucleation events can be targeted by molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tanguy Le Marchand
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Resonance Magnétique Nucléaire (CRMN) à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurène Adam
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Raitis Bobrovs
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Gefei Chen
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jēkabs Fridmanis
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Nina Kronqvist
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Henrik Biverstål
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jan Johansson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Resonance Magnétique Nucléaire (CRMN) à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon (UMR 5082 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Axel Abelein
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83, Huddinge, Sweden.
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37
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Abotaleb A, Al-Masri D, Alkhateb A, Mroue K, Zekri A, Mashhour Y, Sinopoli A. Assessing the effect of acid and alkali treatment on a halloysite-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4788-4803. [PMID: 38318606 PMCID: PMC10840390 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07990b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) has recently received wide attention owing to its outstanding performance in the reduction and conversion of CH4 and CO2 to syngas (H2 and CO). From an industrial perspective, nickel (Ni)-supported catalysts have been deemed among the most suitable catalysts for DRM owing to their low cost and high activity compared to noble metals. However, a downside of nickel catalysts is their high susceptibility to deactivation due to coke formation and sintering at high temperatures. Using appropriate supports and preparation methods plays a major role in improving the activity and stability of Ni-supported catalysts. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are largely utilized in catalysis as a support for Ni owing to their abundance, low cost, and ease of preparation. The treatment of HNTs (chemical or physical) prior to doping with Ni is considered a suitable method for increasing the overall performance of the catalyst. In this study, the surface of HNTs was activated with acids (HNO3 and H2SO4) and alkalis (NaOH and Na2CO3 + NaNO3) prior to Ni doping to assess the effects of support treatment on the stability, activity, and longevity of the catalyst. Nickel catalysts on raw HNT, acid-treated HNT, and alkali-treated HNT supports were prepared via wet impregnation. A detailed characterization of the catalysts was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR), H2-temperature programmed reduction, (H2-TPR), CO2-temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD), and Ni-dispersion via H2-pulse chemisorption. Our results reveal a clear alteration in the structure of HNTs after treatment, while elemental mapping shows a uniform distribution of Ni throughout all the different supports. Moreover, the supports treated with a molten salt method resulted in the overall highest CO2 and CH4 conversion among the studied catalysts and exhibited high stability over 24 hours testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abotaleb
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University P.O. Box 34110 Doha Qatar
| | - Dema Al-Masri
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University P.O. Box 34110 Doha Qatar
- Earthna Center for a Sustainable Future, Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar
| | - Alaa Alkhateb
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University P.O. Box 34110 Doha Qatar
| | - Kamal Mroue
- HBKU Core Labs, Hamad Bin Khalifa University P.O. Box 34110 Doha Qatar
| | - Atef Zekri
- HBKU Core Labs, Hamad Bin Khalifa University P.O. Box 34110 Doha Qatar
| | - Yasmin Mashhour
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University Doha P.O. Box 2713 Qatar
| | - Alessandro Sinopoli
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University P.O. Box 34110 Doha Qatar
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38
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Klawa SJ, Lee M, Riker KD, Jian T, Wang Q, Gao Y, Daly ML, Bhonge S, Childers WS, Omosun TO, Mehta AK, Lynn DG, Freeman R. Uncovering supramolecular chirality codes for the design of tunable biomaterials. Nat Commun 2024; 15:788. [PMID: 38278785 PMCID: PMC10817930 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In neurodegenerative diseases, polymorphism and supramolecular assembly of β-sheet amyloids are implicated in many different etiologies and may adopt either a left- or right-handed supramolecular chirality. Yet, the underlying principles of how sequence regulates supramolecular chirality remains unknown. Here, we characterize the sequence specificity of the central core of amyloid-β 42 and design derivatives which enable chirality inversion at biologically relevant temperatures. We further find that C-terminal modifications can tune the energy barrier of a left-to-right chiral inversion. Leveraging this design principle, we demonstrate how temperature-triggered chiral inversion of peptides hosting therapeutic payloads modulates the dosed release of an anticancer drug. These results suggest a generalizable approach for fine-tuning supramolecular chirality that can be applied in developing treatments to regulate amyloid morphology in neurodegeneration as well as in other disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Klawa
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Michelle Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kyle D Riker
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tengyue Jian
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Broad Pharm, San Diego, California, 92121, USA
| | - Qunzhao Wang
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Margaret L Daly
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Shreeya Bhonge
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - W Seth Childers
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Tolulope O Omosun
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- U.S. Department of Justice, Chicago, IL, 60603, USA
| | - Anil K Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - David G Lynn
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Ronit Freeman
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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39
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Mao J, Jin X, Shi M, Heidenreich D, Brown LJ, Brown RCD, Lelli M, He X, Glaubitz C. Molecular mechanisms and evolutionary robustness of a color switch in proteorhodopsins. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj0384. [PMID: 38266078 PMCID: PMC10807816 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Proteorhodopsins are widely distributed photoreceptors from marine bacteria. Their discovery revealed a high degree of evolutionary adaptation to ambient light, resulting in blue- and green-absorbing variants that correlate with a conserved glutamine/leucine at position 105. On the basis of an integrated approach combining sensitivity-enhanced solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy and linear-scaling quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods, this single residue is shown to be responsible for a variety of synergistically coupled structural and electrostatic changes along the retinal polyene chain, ionone ring, and within the binding pocket. They collectively explain the observed color shift. Furthermore, analysis of the differences in chemical shift between nuclei within the same residues in green and blue proteorhodopsins also reveals a correlation with the respective degree of conservation. Our data show that the highly conserved color change mainly affects other highly conserved residues, illustrating a high degree of robustness of the color phenotype to sequence variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafei Mao
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max von Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Xinsheng Jin
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Man Shi
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - David Heidenreich
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max von Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lynda J. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Richard C. D. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Moreno Lelli
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Italy
| | - Xiao He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- New York University–East China Normal University Center for Computational Chemistry, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Clemens Glaubitz
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max von Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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40
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Arte KS, Tower CW, Mutukuri TT, Chen Y, Patel SM, Munson EJ, Tony Zhou Q. Understanding the impact of mannitol on physical stability and aerosolization of spray-dried protein powders for inhalation. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123698. [PMID: 38081559 PMCID: PMC10907098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery of protein-based therapeutics, including antibodies, is a promising option for treating respiratory diseases. Spray drying is a widely used method for producing dry powder formulations with mannitol being a commonly used excipient for these inhalation formulations. There is limited research available concerning the utilization of mannitol as an excipient in the spray drying of proteins and its impact on aerosol performance. This study highlights the importance to understand mannitol's potential role and impact in this context. To investigate the impact of mannitol on physical stability and aerosolization of spray-dried protein formulations, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was employed as a model protein and formulated with different concentrations of mannitol via spray drying. The spray-dried solids were characterized for their particle size using Malvern mastersizer and aerodynamic particle size using next generation impactor (NGI). Additionally, the solids were characterized with solid-state Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ssFTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ssNMR) to analyze the change in their secondary structure, crystallinity, particle morphology, and protein-excipient interaction, respectively. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) was used to investigate changes in monomer content resulting from storage under stressed condition of 40 °C. Protein formulations containing more than 33 % mannitol by weight showed crystallization tendencies, causing an increase in monomer loss over time. ssNMR data also showed mixing heterogeneity of BSA and mannitol in the formulations with high mannitol contents. Futhermore, fine particle fraction (FPF) was found to decrease over time for the formulations containing BSA: Mannitol in the ratios of 2:1, 1:2, and 1:5, due to particle agglomeration induced by crystallization of mannitol. This study underscores the significant influence of excipients such as mannitol on the aerosol performance and storage stability of spray-dried protein formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinnari S Arte
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Cole W Tower
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tarun T Mutukuri
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Injectable Drug Product Development, Alexion - AstraZeneca Rare Disease Unit, New Haven, CT 06510, USA(1)
| | - Yuan Chen
- Dosage Form Design & Development, Biopharmaceutical Development, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA; Global Product Quality, Global Quality Operations, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20787, USA(1)
| | - Sajal M Patel
- Dosage Form Design & Development, Biopharmaceutical Development, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Eric J Munson
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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41
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Bastos R, Marín-Montesinos I, Ferreira SS, Mentink-Vigier F, Sardo M, Mafra L, Coimbra MA, Coelho E. Covalent connectivity of glycogen in brewer's spent yeast cell walls revealed by enzymatic approaches and dynamic nuclear polarization NMR. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121475. [PMID: 37985041 PMCID: PMC10695155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Yeast cell walls undergo modifications during the brewing process, leading to a remodelling of their architecture. One significant change is the increased insolubility of the cell wall glycogen pool, likely due to the formation of covalent bonds between glycogen and cell wall polysaccharides. To verify this hypothesis, we extracted the brewer's spent yeast with 4 M KOH, obtaining an insoluble glucan fraction (AE.4 M) primarily composed of (α1 → 4)- and (1 → 3)-linked Glc residues. Dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR of AE.4 M revealed distinct glucan resonances that helped to differentiate between α- and β glucosyl (1 → 4)-linked residues, and confirm covalent linkages between (β1 → 3)-glucans and glycogen through a (β1 → 4)-linkage. The hydrolysis with different endo-glucanases (zymolyase, cellulase, and lichenase) was used to obtain solubilized high molecular weight glycogen fractions. NMR analysis showed that covalent links between glycogen and (β1 → 6)-glucans through (α1 → 6) glycosidic linkage, with branching at the C6 position involving (β1 → 3), and (β1 → 6)-glucans. HPAEC-PAD analysis of the enzymatically released oligosaccharides confirmed covalent linkages of (β1 → 3), (β1 → 6)-, and (β1 → 4)-glucan motifs with (α1 → 4)-glucans. This combination of multiple enzymatic approaches and NMR methods shed light into the role of yeast cell wall glycogen as a structural core covalently linked to other cell wall components during the brewing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bastos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ildefonso Marín-Montesinos
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sónia S Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Frédéric Mentink-Vigier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32310, FL, United States.
| | - Mariana Sardo
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Luís Mafra
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Elisabete Coelho
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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42
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Zhang J, Li J, Wang Y, Shi C. NMR methods to detect fluoride binding and transport by membrane proteins. Methods Enzymol 2024; 696:25-42. [PMID: 38658082 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods can probe the motions of membrane proteins in liposomes at the atomic level, and propel the understanding of biomolecular processes for which static structures cannot provide a satisfactory description. High-resolution crystallography snapshots have provided a structural basis for fluoride channels. NMR is a powerful tool to build upon these snapshots and depict a dynamic picture of fluoride channels in native-like lipid bilayers. In this contribution, we discuss solid-state and solution NMR experiments to detect fluoride binding and transport by fluoride channels. Ongoing developments in membrane protein sample preparation and ssNMR methodology, particularly in using 1H, 19F and 13C-detection schemes, offer additional opportunities to study structure and functional aspects of fluoride channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Yusong Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Chaowei Shi
- Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China.
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43
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Gindele MB, Vinod-Kumar S, Rochau J, Boemke D, Groß E, Redrouthu VS, Gebauer D, Mathies G. Colloidal pathways of amorphous calcium carbonate formation lead to distinct water environments and conductivity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:80. [PMID: 38167336 PMCID: PMC10761707 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44381-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
CaCO3 is the most abundant biomineral and a major constituent of incrustations arising from water hardness. Polycarboxylates play key roles in controlling mineralization. Herein, we present an analytical and spectroscopic study of polycarboxylate-stabilized amorphous CaCO3 (ACC) and its formation via a dense liquid precursor phase (DLP). Polycarboxylates facilitate pronounced, kinetic bicarbonate entrapment in the DLP. Since bicarbonate is destabilized in the solid state, DLP dehydration towards solid ACC necessitates the formation of locally calcium deficient sites, thereby inhibiting nucleation. Magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of poly-aspartate-stabilized ACC reveals the presence of two distinct environments. The first contains immobile calcium and carbonate ions and structural water molecules, undergoing restricted, anisotropic motion. In the second environment, water molecules undergo slow, but isotropic motion. Indeed, conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) reveals that ACC conducts electrical current, strongly suggesting that the mobile environment pervades the bulk of ACC, with dissolved hydroxide ions constituting the charge carriers. We propose that the distinct environments arise from colloidally stabilized interfaces of DLP nanodroplets, consistent with the pre-nucleation cluster (PNC) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim B Gindele
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sanjay Vinod-Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, 78464, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Johannes Rochau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel Boemke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eduard Groß
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Denis Gebauer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Guinevere Mathies
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, 78464, Konstanz, Germany.
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44
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Zibrowius B, Fischer M. On the Use of Solomon Echoes in 27 Al NMR Studies of Complex Aluminium Hydrides. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202300011. [PMID: 37316892 PMCID: PMC10784626 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The quadrupole coupling constant CQ and the asymmetry parameter η have been determined for two complex aluminium hydrides from 27 Al NMR spectra recorded for stationary samples by using the Solomon echo sequence. The thus obtained data for KAlH4 (CQ =(1.30±0.02) MHz, η=(0.64±0.02)) and NaAlH4 (CQ =(3.11±0.02) MHz, η<0.01) agree very well with data previously determined from MAS NMR spectra. The accuracy with which these parameters can be determined from static spectra turned out to be at least as good as via the MAS approach. The experimentally determined parameters (δiso , CQ and η) are compared with those obtained from DFT-GIPAW (density functional theory - gauge-including projected augmented wave) calculations. Except for the quadrupole coupling constant for KAlH4 , which is overestimated in the GIPAW calculations by about 30 %, the agreement is excellent. Advantages of the application of the Solomon echo sequence for the measurement of less stable materials or for in situ studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Fischer
- Crystallography & Geomaterials Research, Faculty of GeosciencesUniversity of BremenKlagenfurter Straße 2–428359BremenGermany
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials ScienceUniversity of Bremen28359BremenGermany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and ProcessesUniversity of Bremen28359BremenGermany
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45
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Veeraprakash B, Kesava Reddy M, Das BB, Lobo NP, Ramanathan KV, Narasimhaswamy T. Effortless Extraction of Structural and Orientational Information from 13C- 1H Dipolar Couplings for Thiophene Mesogens. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10912-10922. [PMID: 38063349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Five molecular mesogens containing phenyl rings and thiophene are subjected to a detailed 13C NMR investigation. The first mesogen contains only phenyl rings, while the other four have thiophene with substitution at position 2 or 3. Two of these also have a spacer inserted between the thiophene and the rest of the core unit. The mesophase properties evaluated by complementary techniques reveal an enantiotropic nematic phase for all the cases and smectic C as well as Crystal J for a few mesogens. In addition to solution 13C NMR, the samples were studied using 1D and 2D solid-state 13C NMR experiments in the liquid crystalline phase. The chemical shifts and 13C-1H dipolar couplings obtained in the mesophase provided cutting-edge information about the molecular structure and orientation of the thiophene mesogens. Accordingly, dramatic differences in these parameters are noted for the mesogens, and consequently, the identification of 2- and 3-substituted thiophene mesogens is accomplished by a simple visual examination of the 2D spectra. Furthermore, for mesogens with a spacer between thiophene and the rest of the core, 13C chemical shifts and 13C-1H dipolar couplings showed remarkable variation, which was directly reflected in the order parameters. For instance, the order parameter (Szz) of thiophene in 2- and 3-substituted mesogens in which the spacer is absent is ∼0.63 whereas for those with spacer, it is reduced to ∼0.14-0.18. In comparison, the mesogen in which the core unit is made up of phenyl rings alone that is used to benchmark the characteristics of thiophene ordering showed an order parameter of ∼0.85. The study unambiguously demonstrates the supremacy of 13C NMR in extracting the structural and orientational information on mesogens in which thiophene is a constituent of the core unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bathini Veeraprakash
- Polymer Science and Technology, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
| | | | - Bibhuti B Das
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nitin P Lobo
- Centre for Analysis, Testing, Evaluation & Reporting Services (CATERS), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - Tanneru Narasimhaswamy
- Polymer Science and Technology, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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46
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Li F, Li E, Samanta K, Zheng Z, Wu L, Chen AD, Farha OK, Staples RJ, Niu J, Schmidt-Rohr K, Ke C. Ortho-Alkoxy-benzamide Directed Formation of a Single Crystalline Hydrogen-bonded Crosslinked Organic Framework and Its Boron Trifluoride Uptake and Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311601. [PMID: 37870901 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Boron trifluoride (BF3 ) is a highly corrosive gas widely used in industry. Confining BF3 in porous materials ensures safe and convenient handling and prevents its degradation. Hence, it is highly desired to develop porous materials with high adsorption capacity, high stability, and resistance to BF3 corrosion. Herein, we designed and synthesized a Lewis basic single-crystalline hydrogen-bond crosslinked organic framework (HC OF-50) for BF3 storage and its application in catalysis. Specifically, we introduced self-complementary ortho-alkoxy-benzamide hydrogen-bonding moieties to direct the formation of highly organized hydrogen-bonded networks, which were subsequently photo-crosslinked to generate HC OFs. The HC OF-50 features Lewis basic thioether linkages and electron-rich pore surfaces for BF3 uptake. As a result, HC OF-50 shows a record-high 14.2 mmol/g BF3 uptake capacity. The BF3 uptake in HC OF-50 is reversible, leading to the slow release of BF3 . We leveraged this property to reduce the undesirable chain transfer and termination in the cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers. Polymers with higher molecular weights and lower polydispersity were generated compared to those synthesized using BF3 ⋅ Et2 O. The elucidation of the structure-property relationship, as provided by the single-crystal X-ray structures, combined with the high BF3 uptake capacity and controlled sorption, highlights the molecular understanding of framework-guest interactions in addressing contemporary challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Li
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Errui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Krishanu Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Zhaoxi Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Lianqian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Albert D Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Richard J Staples
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lancing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jia Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | | | - Chenfeng Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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47
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Ayieko VO, Cohen L, Diehn S, Goobes G, Elbaum R. Siliplant1 B-domain precipitates silica spheres, aggregates, or gel, depending on Si-precursor to peptide ratios. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 232:113582. [PMID: 37862949 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Silica is extensively deposited by plants, however, only little is known about the molecular control over this process. Siliplant1 is the only known plant protein to precipitate biosilica. The protein contains seven repeats made of three domains. One of the domains exhibits a conserved sequence, which catalyzes silica precipitation in vitro. Here, silica was synthesized by the activity of a peptide carrying this conserved sequence. Infrared spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analyses showed that the peptide was bound to the mineral. Scanning electron microscopy showed that silica-peptide particles of 22 ± 4 nm aggregated to spherical structures of 200-300 nm when the ratio of silicic acid to the peptide was below 183:1 molecules. When the ratio was about 183:1, similar particles aggregated into irregular structures, and silica gel formed at higher ratios. Solid-state NMR spectra indicated that the irregular aggregates were richer in Si-O-Si bonds as well as disordered peptide. Our results suggest that the peptide catalyzed the condensation of silicic acid and the formation of ∼20 nm particles, which aggregated into spheres. Excess of the peptide stabilized surface Si-OH groups that prevented spontaneous Si-O-Si bonding between aggregates. Under Si concentrations relevant to plant sap, the peptide and possibly Siliplant1, could catalyze nucleation of silica particles that aggregate into spherical aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Otieno Ayieko
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lilian Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Sabrina Diehn
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gil Goobes
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Rivka Elbaum
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel.
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48
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Barclay AM, Dhavale DD, Borcik CG, Milchberg MH, Kotzbauer PT, Rienstra CM. 13C and 15N resonance assignments of alpha synuclein fibrils amplified from Lewy Body Dementia tissue. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2023; 17:281-286. [PMID: 37919529 PMCID: PMC10863844 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-023-10156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Fibrils of the protein α-synuclein (Asyn) are implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson Disease, Lewy Body Dementia, and Multiple System Atrophy. Numerous forms of Asyn fibrils have been studied by solid-state NMR and resonance assignments have been reported. Here, we report a new set of 13C, 15N assignments that are unique to fibrils obtained by amplification from postmortem brain tissue of a patient diagnosed with Lewy Body Dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Barclay
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Dhruva D Dhavale
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Collin G Borcik
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Moses H Milchberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Paul T Kotzbauer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Chad M Rienstra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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49
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Paschke RR, Mohr S, Lange S, Lange A, Kozuch J. In Situ Spectroscopic Detection of Large-Scale Reorientations of Transmembrane Helices During Influenza A M2 Channel Opening. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309069. [PMID: 37733579 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Viroporins are small ion channels in membranes of enveloped viruses that play key roles during viral life cycles. To use viroporins as drug targets against viral infection requires in-depth mechanistic understanding and, with that, methods that enable investigations under in situ conditions. Here, we apply surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy to Influenza A M2 reconstituted within a solid-supported membrane, to shed light on the mechanics of its viroporin function. M2 is a paradigm of pH-activated proton channels and controls the proton flux into the viral interior during viral infection. We use SEIRA to track the large-scale reorientation of M2's transmembrane α-helices in situ during pH-activated channel opening. We quantify this event as a helical tilt from 26° to 40° by correlating the experimental results with solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance-informed computational spectroscopy. This mechanical motion is impeded upon addition of the inhibitor rimantadine, giving a direct spectroscopic marker to test antiviral activity. The presented approach provides a spectroscopic tool to quantify large-scale structural changes and to track the function and inhibition of the growing number of viroporins from pathogenic viruses in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Rabea Paschke
- Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Research Building SupraFAB, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 23a, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Swantje Mohr
- Research Unit Molecular Biophysics, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Lange
- Research Unit Molecular Biophysics, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adam Lange
- Research Unit Molecular Biophysics, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacek Kozuch
- Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Research Building SupraFAB, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 23a, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Dorn RW, Carnahan SL, Cheng CY, Pan L, Hao Z, Rossini AJ. Structural characterization of tin in toothpaste by dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced 119Sn solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7423. [PMID: 37973961 PMCID: PMC10654397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stannous fluoride (SnF2) is an effective fluoride source and antimicrobial agent that is widely used in commercial toothpaste formulations. The antimicrobial activity of SnF2 is partly attributed to the presence of Sn(II) ions. However, it is challenging to directly determine the Sn speciation and oxidation state within commercially available toothpaste products due to the low weight loading of SnF2 (0.454 wt% SnF2, 0.34 wt% Sn) and the amorphous, semi-solid nature of the toothpaste. Here, we show that dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enables 119Sn solid-state NMR experiments that can probe the Sn speciation within commercially available toothpaste. Solid-state NMR experiments on SnF2 and SnF4 show that 19F isotropic chemical shift and 119Sn chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) are highly sensitive to the Sn oxidation state. DNP-enhanced 119Sn magic-angle turning (MAT) 2D NMR spectra of toothpastes resolve Sn(II) and Sn(IV) by their 119Sn chemical shift tensor parameters. Fits of DNP-enhanced 1D 1H → 119Sn solid-state NMR spectra allow the populations of Sn(II) and Sn(IV) within the toothpastes to be estimated. This analysis reveals that three of the four commercially available toothpastes contained at least 80% Sn(II), whereas one of the toothpaste contained a significantly higher amount of Sn(IV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick W Dorn
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Scott L Carnahan
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | | | - Long Pan
- Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Zhigang Hao
- Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA.
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- US Department of Energy Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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