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Li D, Fang H, Zhang R, Xie Q, Yang Y, Chen L. Beyond oncology: Selinexor's journey into anti-inflammatory treatment and long-term management. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1398927. [PMID: 38799428 PMCID: PMC11116598 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1398927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Selinexor, a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), is gaining recognition beyond oncology for its potential in anti-inflammatory therapy. This review elucidates Selinexor's dual action, highlighting its anti-tumor efficacy in various cancers including hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, and its promising anti-inflammatory effects. In cancer treatment, Selinexor has demonstrated benefits as monotherapy and in combination with other therapeutics, particularly in drug-resistant cases. Its role in enhancing the effectiveness of bone marrow transplants has also been noted. Importantly, the drug's impact on key inflammatory pathways provides a new avenue for the management of conditions like sepsis, viral infections including COVID-19, and chronic inflammatory diseases such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Parkinson's Disease. The review emphasizes the criticality of managing Selinexor's side effects through diligent dose optimization and patient monitoring. Given the complexities of its broader applications, extensive research is called upon to validate Selinexor's long-term safety and effectiveness, with a keen focus on its integration into clinical practice for a diverse spectrum of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Wuhou District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Fang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, MN, United States
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Chen Y, Chen X, Luo Z, Kang X, Ge Y, Wan R, Wang Q, Han Z, Li F, Fan Z, Xie Y, Qi B, Zhang X, Yang Z, Zhang JH, Liu D, Xu Y, Wu D, Chen S. Exercise-Induced Reduction of IGF1R Sumoylation Attenuates Neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00127-9. [PMID: 38565402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is marked by cognitive deterioration and heightened neuroinflammation. The influence of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R) and its post-translational modifications, especially sumoylation, is crucial in understanding the progression of AD and exploring novel therapeutic avenues. OBJECTIVES This study investigates the impact of exercise on the sumoylation of IGF1R and its role in ameliorating AD symptoms in APP/PS1 mice, with a specific focus on neuroinflammation and innovative therapeutic strategies. METHODS APP/PS1 mice were subjected to a regimen of moderate-intensity exercise. The investigation encompassed assessments of cognitive functions, alterations in hippocampal protein expressions, neuroinflammatory markers, and the effects of exercise on IGF1R and SUMO1 nuclear translocation. Additionally, the study evaluated the efficacy of KPT-330, a nuclear export inhibitor, as an alternative to exercise. RESULTS Exercise notably enhanced cognitive functions in AD mice, possibly through modulations in hippocampal proteins, including Bcl-2 and BACE1. A decrease in neuroinflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was observed, indicative of reduced neuroinflammation. Exercise modulated the nuclear translocation of SUMO1 and IGF1R in the hippocampus, thereby facilitating neuronal regeneration. Mutant IGF1R (MT IGF1R), lacking SUMO1 modification sites, showed reduced SUMOylation, leading to diminished expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis. KPT-330 impeded the formation of the IGF1R/RanBP2/SUMO1 complex, thereby limiting IGF1R nuclear translocation, inflammation, and neuronal apoptosis, while enhancing cognitive functions and neuron proliferation. CONCLUSION Moderate-intensity exercise effectively mitigates AD symptoms in mice, primarily by diminishing neuroinflammation, through the reduction of IGF1R Sumoylation. KPT-330, as a potential alternative to physical exercise, enhances the neuroprotective role of IGF1R by inhibiting SUMOylation through targeting XPO1, presenting a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Chen
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Regional Medical Center, Jinjiang Municipal Hospital,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Fujian, Jinjiang,China.
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueran Kang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yunshen Ge
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renwen Wan
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihua Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Fangqi Li
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongcheng Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, China
| | - Yuchun Xie
- Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, China
| | - Beijie Qi
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xintao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Lianhua Road, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Risley Hall, Room 219, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
| | - Danping Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China.
| | - Dongyan Wu
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Qi Y, Zhang X. The XPO1 inhibitor selinexor ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice via GBP5/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111734. [PMID: 38422768 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is an irreversible and progressive lung disease with limited treatments available. Selinexor (Sel), an orally available, small-molecule, selective inhibitor of XPO1, exhibits notable antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. However, its potential role in treating pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. C57BL/6J mice were used to establish a pulmonary fibrosis model by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM). Subsequently, Sel was administered intraperitoneally. Our data demonstrated that Sel administration ameliorated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by increasing mouse body weights; reducing H&E staining, Masson staining scores, and shadows in mouse lung computed tomography (CT) images, decreasing the total cell and neutrophil counts in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); and decreasing the levels of TGF-β1. We next confirmed that Sel reduced the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the lungs of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice. We showed that collagen I, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and hydroxyproline levels and the mRNA levels of Col1a1, Eln, Fn1, Ctgf, and Fgf2 were reduced. Mechanistically, tandem mass tags (TMT)- based quantitative proteomics analysis revealed a significant increase in GBP5 in the lungs of BLM mice but a decrease in that of BLM + Sel mice; this phenomenon was confirmed by western blotting and RT-qPCR. NLRP3 inflammasome signaling was significantly enriched in both the BLM group and BLM + Sel group based on GO and KEGG analyses of differentially expressed proteins between the groups. Furthermore, Sel reduced the expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase 1, and ASC in vivo and in vitro, and decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-18, and IFN-r in lung tissue and BALF. SiRNA-GBP5 inhibited NLRP3 signaling in vitro, and overexpression of GBP5 inhibited the protective effect of Sel against BLM-induced cellular injury. Taken together, our findings indicate that Sel ameliorates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by targeting GBP5 via NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Thus, the XPO1 inhibitor - Sel might be a potential therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Henan University People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan University People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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4
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Mghezzi-Habellah M, Prochasson L, Jalinot P, Mocquet V. Viral Subversion of the Chromosome Region Maintenance 1 Export Pathway and Its Consequences for the Cell Host. Viruses 2023; 15:2218. [PMID: 38005895 PMCID: PMC10674744 DOI: 10.3390/v15112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, the spatial distribution between cytoplasm and nucleus is essential for cell homeostasis. This dynamic distribution is selectively regulated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which allows the passive or energy-dependent transport of proteins between these two compartments. Viruses possess many strategies to hijack nucleocytoplasmic shuttling for the benefit of their viral replication. Here, we review how viruses interfere with the karyopherin CRM1 that controls the nuclear export of protein cargoes. We analyze the fact that the viral hijacking of CRM1 provokes are-localization of numerous cellular factors in a suitable place for specific steps of viral replication. While CRM1 emerges as a critical partner for viruses, it also takes part in antiviral and inflammatory response regulation. This review also addresses how CRM1 hijacking affects it and the benefits of CRM1 inhibitors as antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincent Mocquet
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, U1293, UMR5239, 69364 Lyon, France; (M.M.-H.); (L.P.); (P.J.)
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5
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Binder AF, Walker CJ, Mark TM, Baljevic M. Impacting T-cell fitness in multiple myeloma: potential roles for selinexor and XPO1 inhibitors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275329. [PMID: 37954586 PMCID: PMC10637355 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Competent T-cells with sufficient levels of fitness combat cancer formation and progression. In multiple myeloma (MM), T-cell exhaustion is caused by several factors including tumor burden, constant immune activation due to chronic disease, age, nutritional status, and certain MM treatments such as alkylating agents and proteasome inhibitors. Many currently used therapies, including bispecific T-cell engagers, anti-CD38 antibodies, proteasome inhibitors, and CART-cells, directly or indirectly depend on the anti-cancer activity of T-cells. Reduced T-cell fitness not only diminishes immune defenses, increasing patient susceptibility to opportunistic infections, but can impact effectiveness MM therapy effectiveness, bringing into focus sequencing strategies that could modulate T-cell fitness and potentially optimize overall benefit and clinical outcomes. Certain targeted agents used to treat MM, such as selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINE) compounds, have the potential to mitigate T-cell exhaustion. Herein referred to as XPO1 inhibitors, SINE compounds inhibit the nuclear export protein exportin 1 (XPO1), which leads to nuclear retention and activation of tumor suppressor proteins and downregulation of oncoprotein expression. The XPO1 inhibitors selinexor and eltanexor reduced T-cell exhaustion in cell lines and animal models, suggesting their potential role in revitalizating these key effector cells. Additional clinical studies are needed to understand how T-cell fitness is impacted by diseases and therapeutic factors in MM, to potentially facilitate the optimal use of available treatments that depend on, and impact, T-cell function. This review summarizes the importance of T-cell fitness and the potential to optimize treatment using T-cell engaging therapies with a focus on XPO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam F. Binder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant and Hematologic Malignancies, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christopher J. Walker
- Department of Translational Research, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Inc, Newton, MA, United States
| | - Tomer M. Mark
- Department of Translational Research, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Inc, Newton, MA, United States
| | - Muhamed Baljevic
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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6
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Gillespie KP, Pirnie R, Mesaros C, Blair IA. Cisplatin Dependent Secretion of Immunomodulatory High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Protein from Lung Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1335. [PMID: 37759736 PMCID: PMC10526420 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is secreted from activated immune cells, necrotic cells, and certain cancers. Previous studies have reported that different patterns of post-translational modification, particularly acetylation and oxidation, mediate HMGB1 release and confer distinct extracellular HMGB1 signaling activity. Here we report that cisplatin but not carboplatin induces secretion of HMGB1 from human A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Cisplatin-mediated HMGB1 secretion was dose-dependent and was regulated by nuclear exportin 1 (XPO1) also known as chromosomal maintenance 1 (CRM1) rather than adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation, acetylation, or oxidation. HMGB1, as well as lysine acetylation and cysteine disulfide oxidation of secreted HMGB1, were monitored by sensitive and specific assays using immunoprecipitation, stable isotope dilution, differential alkylation, and nano liquid chromatography parallel reaction monitoring/high-resolution mass spectrometry (nano-LC-PRM/HRMS). A major fraction of the HMGB1 secreted by low-dose cisplatin treatment of A549 NSCLC cells was found to be in the fully reduced form. In contrast, mainly oxidized forms of HMGB1 were secreted by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-mediated apoptosis. These findings suggest that inhibition of XPO1 could potentiate the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin by increasing the nuclear accumulation of HMGB1 protein, an inhibitor of cisplatin DNA-adduct repair. Furthermore, low-dose cisplatin therapy could modulate the immune response in NSCLC through the established chemokine activity of extracellular reduced HMGB1. This could potentially enhance the efficacy of subsequent immunotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ian A. Blair
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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7
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Huynh M, Chang HY, Lisiero DN, Ong IM, Kashyap T, Callander NS, Miyamoto S. HAPLN1 confers multiple myeloma cell resistance to several classes of therapeutic drugs. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274704. [PMID: 36480501 PMCID: PMC10045543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a malignant plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow, is generally considered incurable: resistance to multiple therapeutic drugs inevitably arises from tumor cell-intrinsic and tumor microenvironment (TME)-mediated mechanisms. Here we report that the proteoglycan tandem repeat 1 (PTR1) domain of the TME matrix protein, hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1), induces a host of cell survival genes in MM cells and variable resistance to different classes of clinical drugs, including certain proteasome inhibitors, steroids, immunomodulatory drugs, and DNA damaging agents, in several MM cell lines tested. Collectively, our study identifies HAPLN1 as an extracellular matrix factor that can simultaneously confer MM cell resistance to multiple therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailee Huynh
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Hae Yeun Chang
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Dominique N. Lisiero
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Irene M. Ong
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC), Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Trinayan Kashyap
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Inc., Newton, MA, United States of America
| | - Natalie S. Callander
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States of America
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Madison, WI, United States of America
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center (UWCCC), Madison, WI, United States of America
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8
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Baron S, Rashal T, Vaisman D, Elhasid R, Shukrun R. Selinexor, a selective inhibitor of nuclear export, inhibits human neutrophil extracellular trap formation in vitro. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1030991. [PMID: 36506529 PMCID: PMC9730241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1030991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are central players in the innate immune system. To protect against invading pathogens, neutrophils can externalize chromatin to create neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). While NETs are critical to host defense, they also have deleterious effects, and dysregulation of NETs formation has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, atherosclerosis and thrombotic conditions, cancer progression and dissemination, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Here, we report that selinexor, a first-in-class selective inhibitor of nuclear export approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, markedly suppressed the release of NETs in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrate a significant inhibitory effect of selinexor on NETs formation, but not on oxidative burst or enzymatic activities central to NETs release such as neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase or peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV. The inhibitory effect of selinexor was demonstrated in neutrophils activated by a variety of NETs-inducers, including PMA, TGF-β, TNF-α and IL-8. Maximal inhibition of NETs formation was observed using TGF-β, for which selinexor inhibited NETs release by 61.6%. These findings pave the way to the potential use of selinexor in an effort to reduce disease burden by inhibition of NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Baron
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Research Laboratory, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,*Correspondence: Szilvia Baron,
| | - Tami Rashal
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Newton, MA, United States
| | - Dmitry Vaisman
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Research Laboratory, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel,Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Elhasid
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Research Laboratory, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rachel Shukrun
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Research Laboratory, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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9
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Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102628. [PMID: 36289890 PMCID: PMC9599827 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exacted a disproportionate toll on cancer patients. The effects of anticancer treatments and cancer patients’ characteristics shared significant responsibilities for this dismal outcome; however, the underlying immunopathological mechanisms are far from being completely understood. Indeed, despite their different etiologies, SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer unexpectedly share relevant immunobiological connections. In the pathogenesis and natural history of both conditions, there emerges the centrality of the immune response, orchestrating the timed appearance, functional and dysfunctional roles of multiple effectors in acute and chronic phases. A significant number (more than 600) of observational and interventional studies have explored the interconnections between COVID-19 and cancer, focusing on aspects as diverse as psychological implications and prognostic factors, with more than 4000 manuscripts published so far. In this review, we reported and discussed the dynamic behavior of the main cytokines and immune system signaling pathways involved in acute vs. early, and chronic vs. advanced stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer. We highlighted the biological similarities and active connections within these dynamic disease scenarios, exploring and speculating on possible therapeutic crossroads from one setting to the other.
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10
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Mostafa-Hedeab G, Al-kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Welson NN, El-Saber Batiha G, Conte-Junior CA. Selinexor and COVID-19: The Neglected Warden. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:884228. [PMID: 35559257 PMCID: PMC9086449 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.884228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been confirmed as the cause of the global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Different repurposed drugs have been trialed and used in the management of COVID-19. One of these agents was the anti-cancer Selinexor (SXR). SXR is an anti-cancer drug that acts by inhibition of nuclear exportin-1 (XPO1), which inhibits transport of nuclear proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, leading to the induction of cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. XPO1 inhibitors had antiviral effects, mainly against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus. SXR inhibits transport of SARS-CoV-2 nuclear proteins to the cytoplasm with further inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 proliferation. SXR has the ability to prevent the development of a cytokine storm in COVID-19 by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines with the augmentation release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked with activation of XPO1, leading to the triggering of inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress. Inhibition of XPO1 by Selinexor (SXR), a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), can reduce the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 and associated inflammatory disorders. Preclinical and clinical studies are warranted in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Pharmacology Department & Health Research Unit, Medical College, Jouf University, Jouf, Saudi Arabia,Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hayder M. Al-kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I. Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nermeen N. Welson
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt,*Correspondence: Nermeen N. Welson, ; Gaber El-Saber Batiha,
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt,*Correspondence: Nermeen N. Welson, ; Gaber El-Saber Batiha,
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Chen R, Kang R, Tang D. The mechanism of HMGB1 secretion and release. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:91-102. [PMID: 35217834 PMCID: PMC8894452 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein that has multiple functions according to its subcellular location. In the nucleus, HMGB1 is a DNA chaperone that maintains the structure and function of chromosomes. In the cytoplasm, HMGB1 can promote autophagy by binding to BECN1 protein. After its active secretion or passive release, extracellular HMGB1 usually acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, regulating inflammation and immune responses through different receptors or direct uptake. The secretion and release of HMGB1 is fine-tuned by a variety of factors, including its posttranslational modification (e.g., acetylation, ADP-ribosylation, phosphorylation, and methylation) and the molecular machinery of cell death (e.g., apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, alkaliptosis, and ferroptosis). In this minireview, we introduce the basic structure and function of HMGB1 and focus on the regulatory mechanism of HMGB1 secretion and release. Understanding these topics may help us develop new HMGB1-targeted drugs for various conditions, especially inflammatory diseases and tissue damage. A nuclear protein that gets released after cell death or is actively secreted by immune cells offers a promising therapeutic target for treating diseases linked to excessive inflammation. Daolin Tang from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, USA, and colleagues review how cellular stresses can trigger the accumulation of HMGB1, a type of alarm signal protein that promotes the recruitment and activation of inflammation-promoting immune cells. The researchers discuss various mechanisms that drive both passive and active release of HMGB1 into the space around cells. These processes, which include enzymatic modifications of the HMGB1 protein, cell–cell interactions and molecular pathways of cell death, could be targeted by drugs to lessen tissue damage and inflammatory disease caused by HMGB1-induced immune responses
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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12
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Kashyap T, Murray J, Walker CJ, Chang H, Tamir S, Hou B, Shacham S, Kauffman MG, Tripp RA, Landesman Y. Selinexor, a novel selective inhibitor of nuclear export, reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection and protects the respiratory system in vivo. Antiviral Res 2021; 192:105115. [PMID: 34157321 PMCID: PMC8213878 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the recent global pandemic. The nuclear export protein (XPO1) has a direct role in the export of SARS-CoV proteins including ORF3b, ORF9b, and nucleocapsid. Inhibition of XPO1 induces anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and antioxidant pathways. Selinexor is an FDA-approved XPO1 inhibitor. Through bioinformatics analysis, we predicted nuclear export sequences in the ACE-2 protein and confirmed by in vitro testing that inhibition of XPO1 with selinexor induces nuclear localization of ACE-2. Administration of selinexor inhibited viral infection prophylactically as well as therapeutically in vitro. In a ferret model of COVID-19, selinexor treatment reduced viral load in the lungs and protected against tissue damage in the nasal turbinates and lungs in vivo. Our studies demonstrated that selinexor downregulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and GMCSF, commonly associated with the cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 patients. Our findings indicate that nuclear export is critical for SARS-CoV-2 infection and for COVID-19 pathology and suggest that inhibition of XPO1 by selinexor could be a viable anti-viral treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jackelyn Murray
- University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Hua Chang
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, MA, USA
| | | | - Bing Hou
- Antengene Corporation Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, PR China
| | | | | | - Ralph A Tripp
- University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
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13
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Zong Z, Wei Y, Ren J, Zhang L, Zhou F. The intersection of COVID-19 and cancer: signaling pathways and treatment implications. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:76. [PMID: 34001144 PMCID: PMC8126512 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as a serious public health concern. Patients with cancer have been disproportionately affected by this pandemic. Increasing evidence has documented that patients with malignancies are highly susceptible to severe infections and mortality from COVID-19. Recent studies have also elucidated the molecular relationship between the two diseases, which may not only help optimize cancer care during the pandemic but also expand the treatment for COVID-19. In this review, we highlight the clinical and molecular similarities between cancer and COVID-19 and summarize the four major signaling pathways at the intersection of COVID-19 and cancer, namely, cytokine, type I interferon (IFN-I), androgen receptor (AR), and immune checkpoint signaling. In addition, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of repurposing anticancer treatment for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yujun Wei
- Anhui Anlong Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230041, China
| | - Jiang Ren
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Long Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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14
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El Bairi K, Trapani D, Petrillo A, Le Page C, Zbakh H, Daniele B, Belbaraka R, Curigliano G, Afqir S. Repurposing anticancer drugs for the management of COVID-19. Eur J Cancer 2020; 141:40-61. [PMID: 33125946 PMCID: PMC7508523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Since its outbreak in the last December, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread worldwide at a pandemic proportion and thus is regarded as a global public health emergency. The existing therapeutic options for COVID-19 beyond the intensive supportive care are limited, with an undefined or modest efficacy reported so far. Drug repurposing represents an enthusiastic mechanism to use approved drugs outside the scope of their original indication and accelerate the discovery of new therapeutic options. With the emergence of COVID-19, drug repurposing has been largely applied for early clinical testing. In this review, we discuss some repurposed anticancer drugs for the treatment of COVID-19, which are under investigation in clinical trials or proposed for the clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Bairi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco.
| | | | - Angelica Petrillo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy; University of Study of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Cécile Le Page
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Center (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hanaa Zbakh
- Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Daniele
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy
| | - Rhizlane Belbaraka
- Department of Medical Oncology, "Bioscience et Santé" Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy
| | - Said Afqir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
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15
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Uddin MH, Zonder JA, Azmi AS. Exportin 1 inhibition as antiviral therapy. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1775-1781. [PMID: 32569833 PMCID: PMC7305737 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19; caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2; SARS-CoV-2) is a currently global health problem. Previous studies showed that blocking nucleocytoplasmic transport with exportin 1 (XPO1) inhibitors originally developed as anticancer drugs can quarantine key viral accessory proteins and genomic materials in the nucleus of host cell and reduce virus replication and immunopathogenicity. These observations support the concept of the inhibition of nuclear export as an effective strategy against an array of viruses, including influenza A, B, and SARS-CoV. Clinical studies using the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor as a therapy for COVID-19 infection are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Hafiz Uddin
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Zonder
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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16
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Al-Horani RA, Kar S. Potential Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics That Target the Post-Entry Stages of the Viral Life Cycle: A Comprehensive Review. Viruses 2020; 12:E1092. [PMID: 32993173 PMCID: PMC7600245 DOI: 10.3390/v12101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to challenge health care systems around the world. Scientists and pharmaceutical companies have promptly responded by advancing potential therapeutics into clinical trials at an exponential rate. Initial encouraging results have been realized using remdesivir and dexamethasone. Yet, the research continues so as to identify better clinically relevant therapeutics that act either as prophylactics to prevent the infection or as treatments to limit the severity of COVID-19 and substantially decrease the mortality rate. Previously, we reviewed the potential therapeutics in clinical trials that block the early stage of the viral life cycle. In this review, we summarize potential anti-COVID-19 therapeutics that block/inhibit the post-entry stages of the viral life cycle. The review presents not only the chemical structures and mechanisms of the potential therapeutics under clinical investigation, i.e., listed in clinicaltrials.gov, but it also describes the relevant results of clinical trials. Their anti-inflammatory/immune-modulatory effects are also described. The reviewed therapeutics include small molecules, polypeptides, and monoclonal antibodies. At the molecular level, the therapeutics target viral proteins or processes that facilitate the post-entry stages of the viral infection. Frequent targets are the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and the viral proteases such as papain-like protease (PLpro) and main protease (Mpro). Overall, we aim at presenting up-to-date details of anti-COVID-19 therapeutics so as to catalyze their potential effective use in fighting the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami A. Al-Horani
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA;
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17
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Fang L, Wang KK, Huang Q, Cheng F, Huang F, Liu WW. Nucleolin Mediates LPS-induced Expression of Inflammatory Mediators and Activation of Signaling Pathways. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:646-653. [PMID: 32862374 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of nucleolin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of MAPK and NF-KappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathways and secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB1 in THP-1 monocytes. Immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting were used to identify the nucleolin expression in cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus of THP-1 monocytes. Inactivation of nucleolin was induced by neutralizing antibody against nucleolin. THP-1 monocytes were pretreated with anti-nucleolin antibody for 1 h prior to LPS challenge. The irrelevant IgG group was used as control. Secretion of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB1) and activation of MAPK and NF-κB/I-κB signaling pathways were examined to assess the effects of nucleolin on LPS-mediated inflammatory response. Nucleolin existed in cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus of THP-1 monocytes. Pretreatment of anti-nucleolin antibody significantly inhibited the LPS-induced secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB1. P38, JNK, ERK and NF-κB subunit p65 inhibitors could significantly inhibit the secretion of IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB1 induced by LPS. Moreover, the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, ERK and p65 (or nuclear translocation of p65) was significantly increased after LPS challenge. In contrast, pretreatment of anti-nucleolin antibody could significantly inhibit the LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38, JNK, ERK and p65 (or nuclear translocation of p65). However, the irrelevant IgG, as a negative control, had no effect on LPS-induced secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β and phosphorylation of p38, JNK, ERK and p65 (or nuclear translocation of p65). We demonstrated that nucleolin mediated the LPS-induced activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, and regulated the secretion of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Kang-Kai Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410008, China
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18
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Wang B, Van Oekelen O, Mouhieddine TH, Del Valle DM, Richter J, Cho HJ, Richard S, Chari A, Gnjatic S, Merad M, Jagannath S, Parekh S, Madduri D. A tertiary center experience of multiple myeloma patients with COVID-19: lessons learned and the path forward. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:94. [PMID: 32664919 PMCID: PMC7359431 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00934-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, has resulted in over 100,000 deaths in the USA. Our institution has treated over 2000 COVID-19 patients during the pandemic in New York City. The pandemic directly impacted cancer patients and the organization of cancer care. Mount Sinai Hospital has a large and diverse multiple myeloma (MM) population. Herein, we report the characteristics of COVID-19 infection and serological response in MM patients in a large tertiary care institution in New York. METHODS We performed a retrospective study on a cohort of 58 patients with a plasma-cell disorder (54 MM, 4 smoldering MM) who developed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and April 30, 2020. We report epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics including the persistence of viral detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing, treatments initiated, and outcomes. RESULTS Of the 58 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, 36 were hospitalized and 22 were managed at home. The median age was 67 years; 52% of patients were male and 63% were non-White. Hypertension (64%), hyperlipidemia (62%), obesity (37%), diabetes mellitus (28%), chronic kidney disease (24%), and lung disease (21%) were the most common comorbidities. In the total cohort, 14 patients (24%) died. Older age (> 70 years), male sex, cardiovascular risk, and patients not in complete remission (CR) or stringent CR were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with hospitalization. Among hospitalized patients, laboratory findings demonstrated elevation of traditional inflammatory markers (CRP, ferritin, D-dimer) and a significant (p < 0.05) association between elevated inflammatory markers, severe hypogammaglobulinemia, non-White race, and mortality. Ninety-six percent (22/23) of patients developed antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 at a median of 32 days after initial diagnosis. The median time to PCR negativity was 43 (range 19-68) days from initial positive PCR. CONCLUSIONS Drug exposure and MM disease status at the time of contracting COVID-19 had no bearing on mortality. Mounting a severe inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 and severe hypogammaglobulinemia was associated with higher mortality. The majority of patients mounted an antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. These findings pave a path to the identification of vulnerable MM patients who need early intervention to improve outcomes in future outbreaks of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Oliver Van Oekelen
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Tarek H Mouhieddine
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Diane Marie Del Valle
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Joshua Richter
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hearn Jay Cho
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Shambavi Richard
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ajai Chari
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sundar Jagannath
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Samir Parekh
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Deepu Madduri
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10 East 102nd Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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19
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Wang B, Van Oekelen O, Mouhieddine TH, Del Valle DM, Richter J, Cho HJ, Richard S, Chari A, Gnjatic S, Merad M, Jagannath S, Parekh S, Madduri D. A tertiary center experience of multiple myeloma patients with COVID-19: lessons learned and the path forward. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2020:2020.06.04.20122846. [PMID: 32577702 PMCID: PMC7302311 DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.04.20122846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, has resulted in over 100,000 deaths in the United States. Our institution has treated over 2,000 COVID-19 patients during the pandemic in New York City. The pandemic directly impacted cancer patients and the organization of cancer care. Mount Sinai Hospital has a large and diverse multiple myeloma (MM) population. Herein, we report the characteristics of COVID-19 infection and serological response in MM patients in a large tertiary care institution in New York. METHODS We performed a retrospective study on a cohort of 58 patients with a plasma-cell disorder (54 MM, 4 smoldering MM) who developed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020. We report epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics including persistence of viral detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing, treatments initiated, and outcomes. RESULTS Of the 58 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, 36 were hospitalized and 22 were managed at home. The median age was 67 years; 52% of patients were male and 63% were non-white. Hypertension (64%), hyperlipidemia (62%), obesity (37%), diabetes mellitus (28%), chronic kidney disease (24%) and lung disease (21%) were the most common comorbidities. In the total cohort, 14 patients (24%) died. Older age (>70 years), male sex, cardiovascular risk, and patients not in complete remission (CR) or stringent CR were significantly (p<0.05) associated with hospitalization. Among hospitalized patients, laboratory findings demonstrated elevation of traditional inflammatory markers (CRP, ferritin, D-dimer) and a significant (p<0.05) association between elevated inflammatory markers, severe hypogammaglobulinemia, non-white race, and mortality. Ninety-six percent (22/23) of patients developed antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 at a median of 32 days after initial diagnosis. Median time to PCR negativity was 43 (range 19-68) days from initial positive PCR. CONCLUSIONS Drug exposure and MM disease status at the time of contracting COVID-19 had no bearing on mortality. Mounting a severe inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 and severe hypogammaglobulinemia were associated with higher mortality. The majority of patients mounted an antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. These findings pave a path to identification of vulnerable MM patients who need early intervention to improve outcome in future outbreaks of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Oliver Van Oekelen
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Tarek H. Mouhieddine
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Diane Marie Del Valle
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Joshua Richter
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hearn Jay Cho
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Shambavi Richard
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ajai Chari
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sundar Jagannath
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Samir Parekh
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Deepu Madduri
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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20
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Zhao XB, Ji FY, Li HR, Zhu HH, Zhao ZZ, Ling J, Di QQ, Ma XY, Chen WL. P22077 inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response by promoting K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of TRAF6. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10969-10982. [PMID: 32516131 PMCID: PMC7346011 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a biological process associated with multiple human disorders such as autoimmune diseases and metabolic diseases. Therefore, alleviation of inflammation is important for disease prevention or treatment. Recently, deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), especially ubiquitin specific protease-7 (USP7) attracts increasing attention as a potential drug target for inflammation. As an inhibitor of USP7, P22077 has been used to study the roles of USP7 in inflammatory response and neuroblastoma growth. However, the role and precise mechanism of P22077 in anti-inflammatory is still indistinct. In this study, we demonstrated that P22077 could attenuate the release of pro-inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NO, suppress mRNA expression of COX-2 and iNOS, and inhibit activation of NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways in Raw264.7 cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages after LPS stimulation. In vivo study showed that P22077 could relieve inflammatory response and reduce the lung injury in C57BL/6 mice with LPS-induced endotoxemia. Mechanically, P22077 might play an anti-inflammatory role by promoting tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) degradation via K48-linked polyubiquitination. These findings provide a rationale for the role of the P22077 in anti-inflammatory pathway and the promising clinical application of P22077 to treat inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Bao Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Fei-Yang Ji
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Hong-Rui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zi-Zhao Zhao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jing Ling
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qian-Qian Di
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xing-Yu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wei-Lin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China
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21
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Zhou H, Du R, Li G, Bai Z, Ma J, Mao C, Wang J, Gui H. Cannabinoid receptor 2 promotes the intracellular degradation of HMGB1 via the autophagy-lysosome pathway in macrophage. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:106007. [PMID: 31806570 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a late phase inflammatory mediator in many inflammatory diseases. Extracellular HMGB1 could bind to many membrane receptors to activate downstream signaling molecules and promote inflammation resulting in cell and tissue damage. In our previous work, we found cannabinoid receptor Ⅱ(CB2R) inhibited the expression of HMGB1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic models in vivo and in vitro, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The present study was aimed to explore the possible pathway through which CB2R suppressed HMGB1. Here, we found that the specific agonist of CB2R, GW405833 (GW) could induce intracellular HMGB1 degradation without influencing HMGB1 mRNA in peritoneal macrophages. Then we observed that autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) but not proteasome inhibitor MG-132 (MG) could block GW-induced HMGB1 degradation, which indicated that the autophagy-lysosome but not the ubiquitination pathway was involved in this process. Further study showed that GW could promote the integrity of autophagy flux in macrophages in terms of increased level of LC3Ⅱand decreased expression of p62 protein. It also observed that inhibition of autophagy blocked GW-induced nuclear translocation of HMGB1 in macrophages. GW could up-regulate expression of Cathepsin B (CTSB), and inhibition of CTSB blocked GW-induced HMGB1 degradation. In summary, all the data showed that activation of CB2R could promote the intracellular degradation of HMGB1 via the autophagy-lysosome pathway in macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Zhou
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Rao Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Zhenjiang Bai
- Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Chenmei Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China.
| | - Huan Gui
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China.
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