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Feiner N, Yang W, Bunikis I, While GM, Uller T. Adaptive introgression reveals the genetic basis of a sexually selected syndrome in wall lizards. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk9315. [PMID: 38569035 PMCID: PMC10990284 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk9315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The joint expression of particular colors, morphologies, and behaviors is a common feature of adaptation, but the genetic basis for such "phenotypic syndromes" remains poorly understood. Here, we identified a complex genetic architecture associated with a sexually selected syndrome in common wall lizards, by capitalizing on the adaptive introgression of coloration and morphology into a distantly related lineage. Consistent with the hypothesis that the evolution of phenotypic syndromes in vertebrates is facilitated by developmental linkage through neural crest cells, most of the genes associated with the syndrome are involved in neural crest cell regulation. A major locus was a ~400-kb region, characterized by standing structural genetic variation and previously implied in the evolutionary innovation of coloration and beak size in birds. We conclude that features of the developmental and genetic architecture contribute to maintaining trait integration, facilitating the extensive and rapid introgressive spread of suites of sexually selected characters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weizhao Yang
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ignas Bunikis
- Uppsala Genome Center, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Geoffrey M. While
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Wallace CH, Oliveros G, Xie L, Serrano P, Rockwell P, Figueiredo-Pereira M. Potential Alzheimer's early biomarkers in a transgenic rat model and benefits of diazoxide/dibenzoylmethane co-treatment on spatial memory and AD-pathology. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3730. [PMID: 38355687 PMCID: PMC10867006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54156-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major form of dementia prevalent in older adults and with a high incidence in females. Identification of early biomarkers is essential for preventive intervention to delay its progression. Furthermore, due to its multifactorial nature, a multi-target approach could be therapeutically beneficial. Our studies included 4- (pre-pathology) and 11-month (mild-pathology) TgF344-AD rats, a transgenic Alzheimer's model that exhibits age-dependent AD progression. We identified two potential early biomarker genes for AD, early growth response 2 (EGR2) and histone 1H2AA (HIST1H2AA), in the hippocampus of 4-month females. Out of 17,168 genes analyzed by RNA sequencing, expression of these two genes was significantly altered in 4-month TgF344-AD rats compared to wild-type littermates. We also evaluated co-treatment with diazoxide (DZ), a potassium channel activator, and dibenzoylmethane (DIB), which inhibits eIF2α-P activity, on TgF344-AD and wild-type rats. DZ/DIB-treatment mitigated spatial memory deficits and buildup of hippocampal Aβ plaques and tau PHF in 11-month TgF344-AD rats but had no effect on wild-type littermates. To our knowledge, this preclinical study is the first to report EGR2 and HIST1H2AA as potential AD biomarkers in females, and the benefits of DZ/DIB-treatment in AD. Evaluations across multiple AD-related models is warranted to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Wallace
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College CUNY and Graduate Center, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, USA
| | - Giovanni Oliveros
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College CUNY and Graduate Center, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, USA
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Computer Sciences, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Serrano
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patricia Rockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College CUNY and Graduate Center, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Figueiredo-Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College CUNY and Graduate Center, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY, USA.
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Bhaskar A, Astrof S. A screen of mutants generated and imaged by the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium identifies 39 novel genes regulating the development of the secondary palate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.09.579685. [PMID: 38405938 PMCID: PMC10888939 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.09.579685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) has generated thousands of knockout mouse lines, of which a large proportion is embryonic or early neonatal lethal. The IMPC has generated and imaged embryos from lethal lines and made the three-dimensional image data sets publicly available. In this study, we used this resource to screen homozygous null mutants for defects in the development of the secondary palate. Altogether, we analyzed optical sections from 3216 embryos isolated at embryonic day (E) 15.5 and E18.5 from 478 homozygous mutant lines. Through this analysis, we discovered 39 novel genes important for palatal development. These studies provide new insights into the molecular regulation of palatogenesis and craniofacial disease and offer a useful resource for future exploration.
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Della Salda L, Bongiovanni L, Massimini M, Romanucci M, Vercelli A, Colosimo A, Di Matteo R, Defourny SVP. p63 immunoexpression in hair follicles of normal and alopecia X-affected skin of Pomeranian dogs. Vet Dermatol 2023; 34:567-575. [PMID: 37518946 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alopecia X in Pomeranians is caused by a hair cycle deregulation, associated with downregulation of key regulatory genes of the Wnt and Shh pathways, and stem-cell markers. However, the pathogenesis remains unclear. p63 is an important transcription factor correlated with the aforementioned hair cycle modulating genes. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to highlight possible changes of p63 immunohistochemical expression within the hair follicles in canine alopecia X compared with normal skin. ANIMALS Skin biopsies from 19 alopecia X-affected and six control Pomeranians were analysed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serial histological sections of skin biopsies harbouring anagen, telogen and kenogen hair follicles were immunohistochemically evaluated for differences in p63 expression in the affected and control samples. RESULTS Dogs with alopecia X had a significantly decreased immunoexpression of p63 in telogen and kenogen hair follicles. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The decrease of p63 immunoexpression observed in canine alopecia X suggests an involvement of p63 in hair cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Antonella Vercelli
- Veterinary Clinic and Analysis Laboratory 'Città di Torino', Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Colosimo
- Department of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Ramona Di Matteo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Seaberg A, Awotoye W, Qian F, Dunlay L, Butali A, Murray J, Moreno-Uribe L, Petrin A. DNA methylation effects on Van der Woude Syndrome phenotypic variability. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.04.23298094. [PMID: 37961322 PMCID: PMC10635279 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.04.23298094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Van der Woude Syndrome (VWS) classically presents with combinations of lip pits (LP) and orofacial clefts, with marked phenotypic discordance even amongst individuals carrying the same mutation. Such discordance suggests a possible role for epigenetic factors as phenotypic modifiers. Both IRF6 , causal for 70% of VWS cases, and TP63 interact in a regulatory loop to coordinate epithelial proliferation and differentiation for palatogenesis. We hypothesize that differential DNA methylation (DNAm) in CpG sites within regulatory regions of IRF6 and TP63 are associated with VWS phenotypic discordance. METHODS We measured DNAm levels of CpG sites located in the promoter regions of IRF6 and TP63 and in an IRF6 enhancer element (MCS9.7) in 83 individuals with VWS grouped within 5 phenotypes for primary analysis: 1=CL+/-P+LP, 2=CL+/-P, 3=CP+LP, 4=CP, 5=LP and 2 phenotypes for secondary analysis: 1=any cleft and LP, 2= any cleft without LP. DNA samples were bisulfite converted and pyrosequenced with target-specific primers. Methylation levels were compared amongst phenotypes. RESULTS CpG sites in the IRF6 promoter showed statistically significant differences in methylation among phenotypic groups in both analyses (P<0.05). Individuals with any form of cleft (Groups 1-4) had significantly higher methylation levels than individuals with lip pits only (Group 5). In the secondary analysis, individuals in Group 1 (cleft+LP) had significantly higher methylation than Group 2 (cleft only). CONCLUSION Results indicated that hypermethylation of the IRF6 promoter is associated with more severe phenotypes (any cleft +/-lip pits); thus, possibly impacting an already genetically weakened IRF6 protein and leading to a more severe phenotype.
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Hermosilla Aguayo V, Martin P, Tian N, Zheng J, Aho R, Losa M, Selleri L. ESCRT-dependent control of craniofacial morphogenesis with concomitant perturbation of NOTCH signaling. Dev Biol 2023; 503:25-42. [PMID: 37573008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial development is orchestrated by transcription factor-driven regulatory networks, epigenetic modifications, and signaling pathways. Signaling molecules and their receptors rely on endo-lysosomal trafficking to prevent accumulation on the plasma membrane. ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport) machinery is recruited to endosomal membranes enabling degradation of such endosomal cargoes. Studies in vitro and in invertebrate models established the requirements of the ESCRT machinery in membrane remodeling, endosomal trafficking, and lysosomal degradation of activated membrane receptors. However, investigations during vertebrate development have been scarce. By ENU-induced mutagenesis, we isolated a mouse line, Vps25ENU/ENU, carrying a hypomorphic allele of the ESCRT-II component Vps25, with craniofacial anomalies resembling features of human congenital syndromes. Here, we assessed the spatiotemporal dynamics of Vps25 and additional ESCRT-encoding genes during murine development. We show that these genes are ubiquitously expressed although enriched in discrete domains of the craniofacial complex, heart, and limbs. ESCRT-encoding genes, including Vps25, are expressed in both cranial neural crest-derived mesenchyme and epithelium. Unlike constitutive ESCRT mutants, Vps25ENU/ENU embryos display late lethality. They exhibit hypoplastic lower jaw, stunted snout, dysmorphic ear pinnae, and secondary palate clefting. Thus, we provide the first evidence for critical roles of ESCRT-II in craniofacial morphogenesis and report perturbation of NOTCH signaling in craniofacial domains of Vps25ENU/ENU embryos. Given the known roles of NOTCH signaling in the developing cranium, and notably the lower jaw, we propose that the NOTCH pathway partly mediates the craniofacial defects of Vps25ENU/ENU mouse embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Hermosilla Aguayo
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Dept of Orofacial Sciences and Dept of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Peter Martin
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Dept of Orofacial Sciences and Dept of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nuo Tian
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Dept of Orofacial Sciences and Dept of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - James Zheng
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Dept of Orofacial Sciences and Dept of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Robert Aho
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Dept of Orofacial Sciences and Dept of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Marta Losa
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Dept of Orofacial Sciences and Dept of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Licia Selleri
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Dept of Orofacial Sciences and Dept of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Pham LNG, Niimi T, Suzuki S, Nguyen MD, Nguyen LCH, Nguyen TD, Hoang KA, Nguyen DM, Sakuma C, Hayakawa T, Hiyori M, Natsume N, Furukawa H, Imura H, Akashi J, Ohta T, Natsume N. Association between IRF6, TP63, GREM1 Gene Polymorphisms and Non-Syndromic Orofacial Cleft Phenotypes in Vietnamese Population: A Case-Control and Family-Based Study. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1995. [PMID: 38002937 PMCID: PMC10671090 DOI: 10.3390/genes14111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify potential variants in the TP63-IRF6 pathway and GREM1 for the etiology of non-syndromic orofacial cleft (NSOFC) among the Vietnamese population. By collecting 527 case-parent trios and 527 control samples, we conducted a stratified analysis based on different NSOFC phenotypes, using allelic, dominant, recessive and over-dominant models for case-control analyses, and family-based association tests for case-parent trios. Haplotype and linkage disequilibrium analyses were also conducted. IRF6 rs2235375 showed a significant association with an increased risk for non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) and cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in the G allele, with pallele values of 0.0018 and 0.0003, respectively. Due to the recessive model (p = 0.0011) for the NSCL/P group, the reduced frequency of the GG genotype of rs2235375 was associated with a protective effect against NSCL/P. Additionally, offspring who inherited the G allele at rs2235375 had a 1.34-fold increased risk of NSCL/P compared to the C allele holders. IRF6 rs846810 and a G-G haplotype at rs2235375-rs846810 of IRF6 impacted NSCL/P, with p-values of 0.0015 and 0.0003, respectively. In conclusion, our study provided additional evidence for the association of IRF6 rs2235375 with NSCLP and NSCL/P. We also identified IRF6 rs846810 as a novel marker associated with NSCL/P, and haplotypes G-G and C-A at rs2235375-rs846810 of IRF6 associated with NSOFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loc Nguyen Gia Pham
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
- Odonto-Maxillo Facial Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City, 263-265 Tran Hung Dao Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 71000, Vietnam; (M.D.N.); (L.C.H.N.); (T.D.N.); (K.A.H.)
| | - Teruyuki Niimi
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
- Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan;
- Division of Speech, Hearing, and Language, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
| | - Minh Duc Nguyen
- Odonto-Maxillo Facial Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City, 263-265 Tran Hung Dao Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 71000, Vietnam; (M.D.N.); (L.C.H.N.); (T.D.N.); (K.A.H.)
| | - Linh Cao Hoai Nguyen
- Odonto-Maxillo Facial Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City, 263-265 Tran Hung Dao Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 71000, Vietnam; (M.D.N.); (L.C.H.N.); (T.D.N.); (K.A.H.)
| | - Tuan Duc Nguyen
- Odonto-Maxillo Facial Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City, 263-265 Tran Hung Dao Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 71000, Vietnam; (M.D.N.); (L.C.H.N.); (T.D.N.); (K.A.H.)
| | - Kien Ai Hoang
- Odonto-Maxillo Facial Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City, 263-265 Tran Hung Dao Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 71000, Vietnam; (M.D.N.); (L.C.H.N.); (T.D.N.); (K.A.H.)
| | - Duc Minh Nguyen
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
- School of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Chisato Sakuma
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
- Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan;
- Division of Speech, Hearing, and Language, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Toko Hayakawa
- Division of Speech, Hearing, and Language, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Makino Hiyori
- Division of Speech, Hearing, and Language, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Nagana Natsume
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
- Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan;
- Division of Speech, Hearing, and Language, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Hiroo Furukawa
- Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan;
- Division of Speech, Hearing, and Language, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Hideto Imura
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
- Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan;
- Division of Speech, Hearing, and Language, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Junko Akashi
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
| | - Tohru Ohta
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan;
| | - Nagato Natsume
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, 2–11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (L.N.G.P.); (T.N.); (S.S.); (D.M.N.); (C.S.); (N.N.); (H.I.)
- Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan;
- Division of Speech, Hearing, and Language, Aichi Gakuin Dental Hospital, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan; (T.H.); (M.H.)
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Selleri L, Rijli FM. Shaping faces: genetic and epigenetic control of craniofacial morphogenesis. Nat Rev Genet 2023; 24:610-626. [PMID: 37095271 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00594-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Major differences in facial morphology distinguish vertebrate species. Variation of facial traits underlies the uniqueness of human individuals, and abnormal craniofacial morphogenesis during development leads to birth defects that significantly affect quality of life. Studies during the past 40 years have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that establish facial form during development, highlighting the crucial roles in this process of a multipotent cell type known as the cranial neural crest cell. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in multi-omics and single-cell technologies that enable genes, transcriptional regulatory networks and epigenetic landscapes to be closely linked to the establishment of facial patterning and its variation, with an emphasis on normal and abnormal craniofacial morphogenesis. Advancing our knowledge of these processes will support important developments in tissue engineering, as well as the repair and reconstruction of the abnormal craniofacial complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licia Selleri
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Filippo M Rijli
- Laboratory of Developmental Neuroepigenetics, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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9
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Losa M, Barozzi I, Osterwalder M, Hermosilla-Aguayo V, Morabito A, Chacón BH, Zarrineh P, Girdziusaite A, Benazet JD, Zhu J, Mackem S, Capellini TD, Dickel D, Bobola N, Zuniga A, Visel A, Zeller R, Selleri L. A spatio-temporally constrained gene regulatory network directed by PBX1/2 acquires limb patterning specificity via HAND2. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3993. [PMID: 37414772 PMCID: PMC10325989 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39443-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A lingering question in developmental biology has centered on how transcription factors with widespread distribution in vertebrate embryos can perform tissue-specific functions. Here, using the murine hindlimb as a model, we investigate the elusive mechanisms whereby PBX TALE homeoproteins, viewed primarily as HOX cofactors, attain context-specific developmental roles despite ubiquitous presence in the embryo. We first demonstrate that mesenchymal-specific loss of PBX1/2 or the transcriptional regulator HAND2 generates similar limb phenotypes. By combining tissue-specific and temporally controlled mutagenesis with multi-omics approaches, we reconstruct a gene regulatory network (GRN) at organismal-level resolution that is collaboratively directed by PBX1/2 and HAND2 interactions in subsets of posterior hindlimb mesenchymal cells. Genome-wide profiling of PBX1 binding across multiple embryonic tissues further reveals that HAND2 interacts with subsets of PBX-bound regions to regulate limb-specific GRNs. Our research elucidates fundamental principles by which promiscuous transcription factors cooperate with cofactors that display domain-restricted localization to instruct tissue-specific developmental programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Losa
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orofacial Sciences and Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Iros Barozzi
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Osterwalder
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department for Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Viviana Hermosilla-Aguayo
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orofacial Sciences and Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Angela Morabito
- Developmental Genetics, Department Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Brandon H Chacón
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orofacial Sciences and Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peyman Zarrineh
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ausra Girdziusaite
- Developmental Genetics, Department Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean Denis Benazet
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orofacial Sciences and Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jianjian Zhu
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Susan Mackem
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Terence D Capellini
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Diane Dickel
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nicoletta Bobola
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Aimée Zuniga
- Developmental Genetics, Department Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Axel Visel
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, 95343, USA
| | - Rolf Zeller
- Developmental Genetics, Department Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Licia Selleri
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, Institute for Human Genetics, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Department of Orofacial Sciences and Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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10
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Vaivads M, Akota I, Pilmane M. Characterization of SHH, SOX3, WNT3A and WNT9B Proteins in Human Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate Tissue. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:151. [PMID: 37366674 DOI: 10.3390/dj11060151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofacial clefts have been associated with specific cleft candidate genes which encode regulatory proteins required for orofacial region development. Cleft candidate genes encode proteins involved with the cleft morphopathogenesis process, but their exact interactions and roles are relatively unclear in human cleft tissue. This study evaluates the presence and correlations of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), SRY-Box Transcription Factor 3 (SOX3), Wingless-type Family Member 3A (WNT3A) and 9B (WNT9B) protein containing cells in different cleft tissue. Non-syndromic cleft-affected tissue was subdivided into three groups-unilateral cleft lip (UCL) (n = 36), bilateral cleft lip (BCL) (n = 13), cleft palate (CP) (n = 26). Control tissue was obtained from five individuals. Immunohistochemistry was implemented. The semi-quantitative method was used. Non-parametric statistical methods were applied. A significant decrease in SHH was found in BCL and CP tissue. SOX3, WNT3A and WNT9B had a significant decrease in all clefts. Statistically significant correlations were found. The significant decrease in SHH could be associated with BCL and CP pathogenesis. SOX3, WNT3A and WNT9B could have morphopathogenetic involvement in UCL, BCL, and CP. Similar correlations imply the presence of similar pathogenetic mechanisms in different cleft variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mārtiņš Vaivads
- Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Riga Stradins University, Kronvalda Boulevard 9, LV-1010 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilze Akota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Street, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Cleft Lip and Palate Centre, Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University, 20 Dzirciema Street, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Māra Pilmane
- Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Riga Stradins University, Kronvalda Boulevard 9, LV-1010 Riga, Latvia
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11
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Collier AE, Piekos SN, Liu A, Pattison JM, Felix F, Bailetti AA, Sedov E, Gaddam S, Zhen H, Oro AE. GRHL2 and AP2a coordinate early surface ectoderm lineage commitment during development. iScience 2023; 26:106125. [PMID: 36843855 PMCID: PMC9950457 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasias including skin abnormalities and cleft lip/palate result from improper surface ectoderm (SE) patterning. However, the connection between SE gene regulatory networks and disease remains poorly understood. Here, we dissect human SE differentiation with multiomics and establish GRHL2 as a key mediator of early SE commitment, which acts by skewing cell fate away from the neural lineage. GRHL2 and master SE regulator AP2a balance early cell fate output, with GRHL2 facilitating AP2a binding to SE loci. In turn, AP2a restricts GRHL2 DNA binding away from de novo chromatin contacts. Integration of these regulatory sites with ectodermal dysplasia-associated genomic variants annotated within the Biomedical Data Commons identifies 55 loci previously implicated in craniofacial disorders. These include ABCA4/ARHGAP29 and NOG regulatory regions where disease-linked variants directly affect GRHL2/AP2a binding and gene transcription. These studies elucidate the logic underlying SE commitment and deepen our understanding of human oligogenic disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E. Collier
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Samantha N. Piekos
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Angela Liu
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | | | - Franco Felix
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | | | - Egor Sedov
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Sadhana Gaddam
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Hanson Zhen
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Anthony E. Oro
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
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12
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Nasroen SL, Maskoen AM, Soedjana H, Hilmanto D, Gani BA. The IRF6 AP-2α binding site polymorphism relate to the severity of non-syndromic orofacial cleft of Indonesian patients. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2023; 72:8-15. [PMID: 36847740 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.21.04572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IRF6 AP-2α binding site polymorphism is known as IRF6 rs642961. It has been associated with a nonsyndromic orofacial cleft (NS OFC). This study aimed to determine the IRF6 rs642961 as a risk factor associated with NS OFC and its phenotypes. METHODS The case-control design used for 264 subjects consists of 158 NS CLP subjects (42 CU CLP, 34 CB CLP, 33 CLO, 49 CPOs) and 106 healthy controls. The DNA is extracted from venous blood. The segment of IRF6 rs642961 amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length of polymorphisms (RFLPs) used the MspI digestion enzyme. The qPCR method to identify the mRNA expression levels of the IRF6 gene rs642961 was analyzed by the Livak method. RESULTS The study results show that in NS CB CLP phenotype as the most severe phenotype of NS OFC, the Odds Ratio (OR) of A mutant allele was 5.094 (CI=1.456-17.820; P=0.011) and the OR of AA homozygous mutant genotype was 13.481 (CI=2.648-68.635; P=0.001). There are different levels of mRNA expression changes from NS OFC and its phenotypes. It is substantial among the 2-ΔΔCt and the group of AA, GA, and GG genotypes (P<0.05); in the NS CPO phenotype, it shows IRF6 mRNA under-expression in GA, AA genotypes while in other phenotypes it shows IRF6 mRNA overexpression. CONCLUSIONS The IRF6 AP-2α binding site polymorphism is strongly associated with the severity of NS OFC, and this polymorphism has a functional role in affecting IRF6 mRNA expression that is variable in each phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia L Nasroen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Cimahi, Bandung, Indonesia -
| | - Ani M Maskoen
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Hardisiswo Soedjana
- Division of Plastic Surgery Reconstruction and Esthetic, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Dany Hilmanto
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Basri A Gani
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Indonesia
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13
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Tanaka K, Matsumaru D, Suzuki K, Yamada G, Miyagawa S. The role of p63 in embryonic external genitalia outgrowth in mice. Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:132-140. [PMID: 36680528 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic external genitalia (genital tubercle [GT]) protrude from the cloaca and outgrow as cloacal development progresses. Individual gene functions and knockout phenotypes in GT development have been extensively analyzed; however, the interactions between these genes are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of p63, focusing on its interaction with the Shh-Wnt/Ctnnb1-Fgf8 pathway, a signaling network that is known to play a role in GT outgrowth. p63 was expressed in the epithelial tissues of the GT at E11.5, and the distal tip of the GT predominantly expressed the ΔNp63α isoform. The GTs in p63 knockout embryos had normal Shh expression, but CTNNB1 protein and Fgf8 gene expression in the distal urethral epithelium was decreased or lost. Constitutive expression of CTNNB1 in p63-null embryos restored Fgf8 expression, accompanied by small bud structure development; however, such bud structures could not be maintained by E13.5, at which point mutant GTs exhibited severe abnormalities showing a split shape with a hemorrhagic cloaca. Therefore, p63 is a key component of the signaling pathway that triggers Fgf8 expression in the distal urethral epithelium and contributes to GT outgrowth by ensuring the structural integrity of the cloacal epithelia. Altogether, we propose that p63 plays an essential role in the signaling network for the development of external genitalia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosei Tanaka
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advances Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsumaru
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Molecular Toxicology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Suzuki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Gen Yamada
- Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advances Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Japan.,Division of Biological Environment Innovation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Japan
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14
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Yan F, Simon L, Suzuki A, Iwaya C, Jia P, Iwata J, Zhao Z. Spatiotemporal MicroRNA-Gene Expression Network Related to Orofacial Clefts. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1398-1407. [PMID: 35774010 PMCID: PMC9516630 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221105816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial structures change dynamically in morphology during development through the coordinated regulation of various cellular molecules. However, it remains unclear how these complex mechanisms are regulated in a spatiotemporal manner. Here we applied natural cubic splines to model gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression from embryonic day (E) 10.5 to E14.5 in the proximal and distal regions of the maxillary processes to identify spatiotemporal patterns of gene and miRNA expression, followed by constructing corresponding regulatory networks. Three major groups of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 3,927 temporal, 314 spatial, and 494 spatiotemporal DEGs. Unsupervised clustering further resolved these spatiotemporal DEGs into 8 clusters with distinct expression patterns. Interestingly, we found 2 clusters of differentially expressed miRNAs: 1 had 80 miRNAs monotonically decreasing and the other had 97 increasing across developmental stages. To evaluate the phenotypic relevance of these DEGs during craniofacial development, we integrated data from the CleftGeneDB database and constructed the regulatory networks of genes related to orofacial clefts. Our analysis revealed 2 hub miRNAs, mmu-miR-325-3p and mmu-miR-384-5p, that repressed cleft-related genes Adamts3, Runx2, Fgfr2, Acvr1, and Edn2, while their expression increased over time. On the contrary, 2 hub miRNAs, mmu-miR-218-5p and mmu-miR-338-5p, repressed cleft-related genes Pbx2, Ermp1, Snai1, Tbx2, and Bmi1, while their expression decreased over time. Our experiments indicated that these miRNA mimics significantly inhibited cell proliferation in mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal (MEPM) cells and O9-1 cells through the regulation of genes associated with cleft palate and validated the role of our regulatory networks in orofacial clefts. To facilitate interactive exploration of these data, we developed a user-friendly web tool to visualize the gene and miRNA expression patterns across developmental stages, as well as the regulatory networks (https://fyan.shinyapps.io/facebase_shiny/). Taken together, our results provide a valuable resource that serves as a reference map for future research in craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Yan
- Center for Precision Health, School of
Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
| | - L.M. Simon
- Therapeutic Innovation Center, Baylor College
of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A. Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical
Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,
Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C. Iwaya
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical
Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,
Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P. Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of
Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
| | - J. Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical
Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,
Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate
School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Z. Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of
Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston,
TX, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate
School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public
Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Chalmers FE, Mogre S, Rimal B, Son J, Patterson AD, Stairs DB, Glick AB. The unfolded protein response gene Ire1α is required for tissue renewal and normal differentiation in the mouse tongue and esophagus. Dev Biol 2022; 492:59-70. [PMID: 36179879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The IRE1α-XBP1s signaling branch of the unfolded protein response is a well-characterized survival pathway that allows cells to adapt to and resolve endoplasmic reticulum stress. Recent data has broadened our understanding of IRE1α-XBP1s signaling beyond a stress response and revealed a physiological mechanism required for the differentiation and maturation of a wide variety of cell types. Here we provide evidence that the IRE1α-XBP1s signaling pathway is required for the proliferation and maturation of basal keratinocytes in the mouse tongue and esophageal epithelium. Mice with conditional targeted deletion of either Ire1α or Xbp1 in keratin 14 expressing basal keratinocytes displayed severe thinning of the lingual and esophageal mucosa that rendered them unable to eat. In IRE1α null epithelium harvested at an earlier timepoint, genes regulating cell proliferation, cell-cell adhesion, and keratinization were significantly downregulated; indirect immunofluorescence revealed fewer proliferating basal keratinocytes, downregulation of E-cadherin, and thinning of the loricrin-positive granular and cornified layers. The number of Tp63-positive basal keratinocytes was reduced in the absence of IRE1α, and expression of the Wnt pathway transcription factor LEF1, which is required for the proliferation of lingual transit amplifying cells, was also significantly downregulated at the transcript and protein level. Together these results reveal an essential role for IRE1α-XBP1s in the maintenance of the stratified squamous epithelial tissue of the tongue and esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona E Chalmers
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Saie Mogre
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bipin Rimal
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Jeongin Son
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Douglas B Stairs
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Adam B Glick
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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16
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Mary L, Leclerc D, Gilot D, Belaud-Rotureau MA, Jaillard S. The TALE never ends: A comprehensive overview of the role of PBX1, a TALE transcription factor, in human developmental defects. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1125-1148. [PMID: 35451537 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PBX1 is a highly conserved atypical homeodomain transcription factor (TF) belonging to the TALE (three amino acid loop extension) family. Dimerized with other TALE proteins, it can interact with numerous partners and reach dozens of regulating sequences, suggesting its role as a pioneer factor. PBX1 is expressed throughout the embryonic stages (as early as the blastula stage) in vertebrates. In human, PBX1 germline variations are linked to syndromic renal anomalies (CAKUTHED). In this review, we summarized available data on PBX1 functions, PBX1-deficient animal models, and PBX1 germline variations in humans. Two types of genetic alterations were identified in PBX1 gene. PBX1 missense variations generate a severe phenotype including lung hypoplasia, cardiac malformations, and sexual development defects (DSDs). Conversely, truncating variants generate milder phenotypes (mainly cryptorchidism and deafness). We suggest that defects in PBX1 interactions with various partners, including proteins from the HOX (HOXA7, HOXA10, etc.), WNT (WNT9B, WNT3), and Polycomb (BMI1, EED) families are responsible for abnormal proliferation and differentiation of the embryonic mesenchyme. These alterations could explain most of the defects observed in humans. However, some phenotype variability (especially DSDs) remains poorly understood. Further studies are needed to explore the TALE family in greater depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mary
- Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)- UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Delphine Leclerc
- Inserm U1242, Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - David Gilot
- Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
- Inserm U1242, Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Marc-Antoine Belaud-Rotureau
- Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)- UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Jaillard
- Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
- INSERM, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)- UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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17
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Wei S, Li J, Tang M, Zhang K, Gao X, Fang L, Liu W. STAT3 and p63 in the Regulation of Cancer Stemness. Front Genet 2022; 13:909251. [PMID: 36061200 PMCID: PMC9428145 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.909251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor with many important functions in normal and transformed cells. STAT3 regulatory activities are highly complex as they are involved in various signaling pathways in different cell types under different conditions. Biologically, STAT3 is a regulative factor for normal and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Tumor protein p63 (p63), a member of the p53 protein family, is involved in these biological processes and is also physically and functionally associated with STAT3. STAT3 activation occurs during various aspects of carcinogenesis, including regulation of CSCs properties. In combination with p63, STAT3 is a possible biological marker of CSCs and a major regulator of maintenance of stemness in CSCs. We summarized the STAT3 functions and regulation and its role in CSC properties and highlight how these are affected by its associations with p63.
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18
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Willems M, Wells CF, Coubes C, Pequignot M, Kuony A, Michon F. Hypolacrimia and Alacrimia as Diagnostic Features for Genetic or Congenital Conditions. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:3. [PMID: 35925585 PMCID: PMC9363675 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.9.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of the lacrimal apparatus, the lacrimal gland participates in the maintenance of a healthy eye surface by producing the aqueous part of the tear film. Alacrimia and hypolacrimia, which are relatively rare during childhood or young adulthood, have their origin in a number of mechanisms which include agenesia, aplasia, hypoplasia, or incorrect maturation of the gland. Moreover, impaired innervation of the gland and/or the cornea and alterations of protein secretion pathways can lead to a defective tear film. In most conditions leading to alacrimia or hypolacrimia, however, the altered tear film is only one of numerous defects that arise and therefore is commonly disregarded. Here, we have systematically reviewed all of those genetic conditions or congenital disorders that have alacrimia or hypolacrimia as a feature. Where it is known, we describe the mechanism of the defect in question. It has been possible to clearly establish the physiopathology of only a minority of these conditions. As hypolacrimia and alacrimia are rare features, this review could be used as a tool in clinical genetics to perform a quick diagnosis, necessary for appropriate care and counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolaine Willems
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Medical Genetic Department for Rare Diseases and Personalized Medicine, Reference Center AD SOOR, AnDDI-RARE, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Constance F Wells
- Medical Genetic Department for Rare Diseases and Personalized Medicine, Reference Center AD SOOR, AnDDI-RARE, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Coubes
- Medical Genetic Department for Rare Diseases and Personalized Medicine, Reference Center AD SOOR, AnDDI-RARE, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Pequignot
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Alison Kuony
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Frederic Michon
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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19
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Wu W, Wen K. Research progress on the interaction between long non‑coding RNAs and RNA‑binding proteins to influence the reprogramming of tumor glucose metabolism (Review). Oncol Rep 2022; 48:153. [PMID: 35856447 PMCID: PMC9350995 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As epigenetic regulators, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various important regulatory processes and typically interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to exert their core functional effects. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs can regulate the occurrence and development of cancer through a variety of complex mechanisms and can also participate in tumor glucose metabolism by directly or indirectly regulating the Warburg effect. As one of the metabolic characteristics of tumor cells, the Warburg effect provides a large amount of energy and numerous intermediate products to meet the consumption demands of tumor metabolism, providing advantages for the occurrence and development of tumors. The present review article summarizes the regulatory effects of lncRNAs on the reprogramming of glucose metabolism after interacting with RBPs in tumors. The findings discussed herein may aid in the better understanding of the pathogenesis of malignancies, and may provide novel therapeutic targets, as well as new diagnostic and prognostic markers for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Kunming Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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20
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Cui R, Chen D, Li N, Cai M, Wan T, Zhang X, Zhang M, Du S, Ou H, Jiao J, Jiang N, Zhao S, Song H, Song X, Ma D, Zhang J, Li S. PARD3 gene variation as candidate cause of nonsyndromic cleft palate only. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4292-4304. [PMID: 35789100 PMCID: PMC9344820 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cleft palate only (NSCP) is a common congenital malformation worldwide. In this study, we report a three‐generation pedigree with NSCP following the autosomal‐dominant pattern. Whole‐exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing revealed that only the frameshift variant c.1012dupG [p. E338Gfs*26] in PARD3 cosegregated with the disease. In zebrafish embryos, ethmoid plate patterning defects were observed with PARD3 ortholog disruption or expression of patient‐derived N‐terminal truncating PARD3 (c.1012dupG), which implicated PARD3 in ethmoid plate morphogenesis. PARD3 plays vital roles in determining cellular polarity. Compared with the apical distribution of wild‐type PARD3, PARD3‐p. E338Gfs*26 mainly localized to the basal membrane in 3D‐cultured MCF‐10A epithelial cells. The interaction between PARD3‐p. E338Gfs*26 and endogenous PARD3 was identified by LC–MS/MS and validated by co‐IP. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that PARD3‐p. E338Gfs*26 substantially altered the localization of endogenous PARD3 to the basement membrane in 3D‐cultured MCF‐10A cells. Furthermore, seven variants, including one nonsense variant and six missense variants, were identified in the coding region of PARD3 in sporadic cases with NSCP. Subsequent analysis showed that PARD3‐p. R133*, like the insertion variant of c.1012dupG, also changed the localization of endogenous full‐length PARD3 and that its expression induced abnormal ethmoid plate morphogenesis in zebrafish. Based on these data, we reveal PARD3 gene variation as a novel candidate cause of nonsyndromic cleft palate only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Cui
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingli Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Wan
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Handan, Hebei, China.,Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Central Hospital of Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Meiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sichen Du
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huayuan Ou
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Jiao
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Central Hospital of Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangxia Zhao
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaidong Song
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuedong Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouxia Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Handan, Hebei, China
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21
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Hammond NL, Dixon MJ. Revisiting the embryogenesis of lip and palate development. Oral Dis 2022; 28:1306-1326. [PMID: 35226783 PMCID: PMC10234451 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clefts of the lip and palate (CLP), the major causes of congenital facial malformation globally, result from failure of fusion of the facial processes during embryogenesis. With a prevalence of 1 in 500-2500 live births, CLP causes major morbidity throughout life as a result of problems with facial appearance, feeding, speaking, obstructive apnoea, hearing and social adjustment and requires complex, multi-disciplinary care at considerable cost to healthcare systems worldwide. Long-term outcomes for affected individuals include increased mortality compared with their unaffected siblings. The frequent occurrence and major healthcare burden imposed by CLP highlight the importance of dissecting the molecular mechanisms driving facial development. Identification of the genetic mutations underlying syndromic forms of CLP, where CLP occurs in association with non-cleft clinical features, allied to developmental studies using appropriate animal models is central to our understanding of the molecular events underlying development of the lip and palate and, ultimately, how these are disturbed in CLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel L. Hammond
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Michael J. Dixon
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
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22
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Van Otterloo E, Milanda I, Pike H, Thompson JA, Li H, Jones KL, Williams T. AP-2α and AP-2β cooperatively function in the craniofacial surface ectoderm to regulate chromatin and gene expression dynamics during facial development. eLife 2022; 11:e70511. [PMID: 35333176 PMCID: PMC9038197 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The facial surface ectoderm is essential for normal development of the underlying cranial neural crest cell populations, providing signals that direct appropriate growth, patterning, and morphogenesis. Despite the importance of the ectoderm as a signaling center, the molecular cues and genetic programs implemented within this tissue are understudied. Here, we show that removal of two members of the AP-2 transcription factor family, AP-2α and AP-2ß, within the early embryonic ectoderm of the mouse leads to major alterations in the craniofacial complex. Significantly, there are clefts in both the upper face and mandible, accompanied by fusion of the upper and lower jaws in the hinge region. Comparison of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analyses between controls and mutants revealed significant changes in chromatin accessibility and gene expression centered on multiple AP-2 binding motifs associated with enhancer elements within these ectodermal lineages. In particular, loss of these AP-2 proteins affects both skin differentiation as well as multiple signaling pathways, most notably the WNT pathway. We also determined that the mutant clefting phenotypes that correlated with reduced WNT signaling could be rescued by Wnt1 ligand overexpression in the ectoderm. Collectively, these findings highlight a conserved ancestral function for AP-2 transcription factors in ectodermal development and signaling, and provide a framework from which to understand the gene regulatory network operating within this tissue that directs vertebrate craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Van Otterloo
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Isaac Milanda
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Hamish Pike
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Jamie A Thompson
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Trevor Williams
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children's Hospital ColoradoAuroraUnited States
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23
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Jaruga A, Ksiazkiewicz J, Kuzniarz K, Tylzanowski P. Orofacial Cleft and Mandibular Prognathism-Human Genetics and Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020953. [PMID: 35055138 PMCID: PMC8779325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many complex molecular interactions are involved in the process of craniofacial development. Consequently, the network is sensitive to genetic mutations that may result in congenital malformations of varying severity. The most common birth anomalies within the head and neck are orofacial clefts (OFCs) and prognathism. Orofacial clefts are disorders with a range of phenotypes such as the cleft of the lip with or without cleft palate and isolated form of cleft palate with unilateral and bilateral variations. They may occur as an isolated abnormality (nonsyndromic-NSCLP) or coexist with syndromic disorders. Another cause of malformations, prognathism or skeletal class III malocclusion, is characterized by the disproportionate overgrowth of the mandible with or without the hypoplasia of maxilla. Both syndromes may be caused by the presence of environmental factors, but the majority of them are hereditary. Several mutations are linked to those phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the genetics of those phenotypes and describe genotype-phenotype correlations. We then present the animal models used to study these defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jaruga
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (J.K.)
| | - Jakub Ksiazkiewicz
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (J.K.)
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Krystian Kuzniarz
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 11, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Przemko Tylzanowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (J.K.)
- Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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24
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Mouse models in palate development and orofacial cleft research: Understanding the crucial role and regulation of epithelial integrity in facial and palate morphogenesis. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 148:13-50. [PMID: 35461563 PMCID: PMC9060390 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cleft lip and cleft palate are common birth defects resulting from genetic and/or environmental perturbations of facial development in utero. Facial morphogenesis commences during early embryogenesis, with cranial neural crest cells interacting with the surface ectoderm to form initially partly separate facial primordia consisting of the medial and lateral nasal prominences, and paired maxillary and mandibular processes. As these facial primordia grow around the primitive oral cavity and merge toward the ventral midline, the surface ectoderm undergoes a critical differentiation step to form an outer layer of flattened and tightly connected periderm cells with a non-stick apical surface that prevents epithelial adhesion. Formation of the upper lip and palate requires spatiotemporally regulated inter-epithelial adhesions and subsequent dissolution of the intervening epithelial seam between the maxillary and medial/lateral nasal processes and between the palatal shelves. Proper regulation of epithelial integrity plays a paramount role during human facial development, as mutations in genes encoding epithelial adhesion molecules and their regulators have been associated with syndromic and non-syndromic orofacial clefts. In this chapter, we summarize mouse genetic studies that have been instrumental in unraveling the mechanisms regulating epithelial integrity and periderm differentiation during facial and palate development. Since proper epithelial integrity also plays crucial roles in wound healing and cancer, understanding the mechanisms regulating epithelial integrity during facial development have direct implications for improvement in clinical care of craniofacial patients.
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25
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Veiga RN, de Oliveira JC, Gradia DF. PBX1: a key character of the hallmarks of cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1667-1680. [PMID: 34529123 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox transcription factor 1 (PBX1) was first identified as part of a fusion protein resulting from the chromosomal translocation t(1;19) in pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Since then, PBX1 has been associated with important developmental programs, and its expression dysregulation has been related to multifactorial disorders, including cancer. As PBX1 overexpression in many cancers is correlated to poor prognosis, we sought to understand how this transcription factor contributes to carcinogenesis, and to organize PBX1's roles in the hallmarks of cancer. There is enough evidence to associate PBX1 with at least five hallmarks: sustaining proliferative signaling, activating invasion and metastasis, inducing angiogenesis, resisting cell death, and deregulating cellular energetics. The lack of studies investigating a possible role for PBX1 on the remaining hallmarks made it impossible to defend or refute its contribution on them. However, the functions of some of the PBX1's transcription targets indicate a potential engagement of PBX1 in the avoidance of immune destruction and in the tumor-promoting inflammation hallmarks. Interestingly, PBX1 might be a player in tumor suppression by activating the transcription of some DNA damage response genes. This is the first review organizing PBX1 roles into the hallmarks of cancer. Thus, we encourage future studies to uncover the PBX1's underlying mechanisms to promote carcinogenesis, for it is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, as well as a potential target in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Nasser Veiga
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Oncogenetics, Department of Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Rua Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 100, Jardim das AméricasCuritiba, CEP, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Carvalho de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Oncogenetics, Department of Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Rua Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 100, Jardim das AméricasCuritiba, CEP, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Daniela Fiori Gradia
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Oncogenetics, Department of Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Rua Coronel Francisco Heráclito Dos Santos, 100, Jardim das AméricasCuritiba, CEP, 81531-980, Brazil.
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26
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Compagnucci C, Martinus K, Griffin J, Depew MJ. Programmed Cell Death Not as Sledgehammer but as Chisel: Apoptosis in Normal and Abnormal Craniofacial Patterning and Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717404. [PMID: 34692678 PMCID: PMC8531503 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination of craniofacial development involves an complex, intricate, genetically controlled and tightly regulated spatiotemporal series of reciprocal inductive and responsive interactions among the embryonic cephalic epithelia (both endodermal and ectodermal) and the cephalic mesenchyme — particularly the cranial neural crest (CNC). The coordinated regulation of these interactions is critical both ontogenetically and evolutionarily, and the clinical importance and mechanistic sensitivity to perturbation of this developmental system is reflected by the fact that one-third of all human congenital malformations affect the head and face. Here, we focus on one element of this elaborate process, apoptotic cell death, and its role in normal and abnormal craniofacial development. We highlight four themes in the temporospatial elaboration of craniofacial apoptosis during development, namely its occurrence at (1) positions of epithelial-epithelial apposition, (2) within intra-epithelial morphogenesis, (3) during epithelial compartmentalization, and (4) with CNC metameric organization. Using the genetic perturbation of Satb2, Pbx1/2, Fgf8, and Foxg1 as exemplars, we examine the role of apoptosis in the elaboration of jaw modules, the evolution and elaboration of the lambdoidal junction, the developmental integration at the mandibular arch hinge, and the control of upper jaw identity, patterning and development. Lastly, we posit that apoptosis uniquely acts during craniofacial development to control patterning cues emanating from core organizing centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Compagnucci
- Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCO, Berlin, Germany.,Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.,Department of Craniofacial Development, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kira Martinus
- Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCO, Berlin, Germany
| | - John Griffin
- Department of Craniofacial Development, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Depew
- Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CCO, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Craniofacial Development, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Beaman GM, Cervellione RM, Keene D, Reutter H, Newman WG. The Genomic Architecture of Bladder Exstrophy Epispadias Complex. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081149. [PMID: 34440323 PMCID: PMC8391660 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) is an abdominal midline malformation comprising a spectrum of congenital genitourinary abnormalities of the abdominal wall, pelvis, urinary tract, genitalia, anus, and spine. The vast majority of BEEC cases are classified as non-syndromic and the etiology of this malformation is still unknown. This review presents the current knowledge on this multifactorial disorder, including phenotypic and anatomical characterization, epidemiology, proposed developmental mechanisms, existing animal models, and implicated genetic and environmental components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenda M. Beaman
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Raimondo M. Cervellione
- Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; (R.M.C.); (D.K.)
| | - David Keene
- Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; (R.M.C.); (D.K.)
| | - Heiko Reutter
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - William G. Newman
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Correspondence:
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28
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Fabik J, Psutkova V, Machon O. The Mandibular and Hyoid Arches-From Molecular Patterning to Shaping Bone and Cartilage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7529. [PMID: 34299147 PMCID: PMC8303155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mandibular and hyoid arches collectively make up the facial skeleton, also known as the viscerocranium. Although all three germ layers come together to assemble the pharyngeal arches, the majority of tissue within viscerocranial skeletal components differentiates from the neural crest. Since nearly one third of all birth defects in humans affect the craniofacial region, it is important to understand how signalling pathways and transcription factors govern the embryogenesis and skeletogenesis of the viscerocranium. This review focuses on mouse and zebrafish models of craniofacial development. We highlight gene regulatory networks directing the patterning and osteochondrogenesis of the mandibular and hyoid arches that are actually conserved among all gnathostomes. The first part of this review describes the anatomy and development of mandibular and hyoid arches in both species. The second part analyses cell signalling and transcription factors that ensure the specificity of individual structures along the anatomical axes. The third part discusses the genes and molecules that control the formation of bone and cartilage within mandibular and hyoid arches and how dysregulation of molecular signalling influences the development of skeletal components of the viscerocranium. In conclusion, we notice that mandibular malformations in humans and mice often co-occur with hyoid malformations and pinpoint the similar molecular machinery controlling the development of mandibular and hyoid arches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Fabik
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.F.); (V.P.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viktorie Psutkova
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.F.); (V.P.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Machon
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.F.); (V.P.)
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29
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Danescu A, Rens EG, Rehki J, Woo J, Akazawa T, Fu K, Edelstein-Keshet L, Richman JM. Symmetry and fluctuation of cell movements in neural crest-derived facial mesenchyme. Development 2021; 148:dev.193755. [PMID: 33757991 PMCID: PMC8126411 DOI: 10.1242/dev.193755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the face, symmetry is established when bilateral streams of neural crest cells leave the neural tube at the same time, follow identical migration routes and then give rise to the facial prominences. However, developmental instability exists, particularly surrounding the steps of lip fusion. The causes of instability are unknown but inability to cope with developmental fluctuations are a likely cause of congenital malformations, such as non-syndromic orofacial clefts. Here, we tracked cell movements over time in the frontonasal mass, which forms the facial midline and participates in lip fusion, using live-cell imaging of chick embryos. Our mathematical examination of cell velocity vectors uncovered temporal fluctuations in several parameters, including order/disorder, symmetry/asymmetry and divergence/convergence. We found that treatment with a Rho GTPase inhibitor completely disrupted the temporal fluctuations in all measures and blocked morphogenesis. Thus, we discovered that genetic control of symmetry extends to mesenchymal cell movements and that these movements are of the type that could be perturbed in asymmetrical malformations, such as non-syndromic cleft lip. This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview. Highlighted Article: Live imaging of the chick embryo face followed by mathematical analysis of mesenchymal cell tracks captures novel fluctuations between states of order/disorder as well as symmetry/asymmetry, revealing developmental instabilities that are part of normal morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Danescu
- Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Elisabeth G Rens
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, 1986 Mathematics Road, Vancouver, V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Jaspreet Rehki
- Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Johnathan Woo
- Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Takashi Akazawa
- Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katherine Fu
- Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Leah Edelstein-Keshet
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, 1986 Mathematics Road, Vancouver, V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Joy M Richman
- Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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30
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Marchini M, Hu D, Lo Vercio L, Young NM, Forkert ND, Hallgrímsson B, Marcucio R. Wnt Signaling Drives Correlated Changes in Facial Morphology and Brain Shape. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:644099. [PMID: 33855022 PMCID: PMC8039397 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.644099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling plays multiple roles critical to normal craniofacial development while its dysregulation is known to be involved in structural birth defects of the face. However, when and how Wnt signaling influences phenotypic variation, including those associated with disease, remains unclear. One potential mechanism is via Wnt signaling’s role in the patterning of an early facial signaling center, the frontonasal ectodermal zone (FEZ), and its subsequent regulation of early facial morphogenesis. For example, Wnt signaling may directly alter the shape and/or magnitude of expression of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) domain in the FEZ. To test this idea, we used a replication-competent avian sarcoma retrovirus (RCAS) encoding Wnt3a to modulate its expression in the facial mesenchyme. We then quantified and compared ontogenetic changes in treated to untreated embryos in the three-dimensional (3D) shape of both the SHH expression domain of the FEZ, and the morphology of the facial primordia and brain using iodine-contrast microcomputed tomography imaging and 3D geometric morphometrics (3DGM). We found that increased Wnt3a expression in early stages of head development produces correlated variation in shape between both structural and signaling levels of analysis. In addition, altered Wnt3a activation disrupted the integration between the forebrain and other neural tube derivatives. These results show that activation of Wnt signaling influences facial shape through its impact on the forebrain and SHH expression in the FEZ, and highlights the close relationship between morphogenesis of the forebrain and midface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marchini
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Diane Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Lucas Lo Vercio
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nathan M Young
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nils D Forkert
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Benedikt Hallgrímsson
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ralph Marcucio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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31
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Iwata J. Gene-Environment Interplay and MicroRNAs in Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate. ORAL SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL 2021; 18:3-13. [PMID: 36855534 PMCID: PMC9969970 DOI: 10.1002/osi2.1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cleft lip (CL) with/without cleft palate (CP) (hereafter CL/P) is the second most common congenital birth defect, affecting 7.94 to 9.92 children per 10,000 live births worldwide, followed by Down syndrome. An increasing number of genes have been identified as affecting susceptibility and/or as causative genes for CL/P in mouse genetic and chemically-induced CL and CP studies, as well as in human genome-wide association studies and linkage analysis. While marked progress has been made in the identification of genetic and environmental risk factors for CL/P, the interplays between these factors are not yet fully understood. This review aims to summarize our current knowledge of CL and CP from genetically engineered mouse models and environmental factors that have been studied in mice. Understanding the regulatory mechanism(s) of craniofacial development may not only advance our understanding of craniofacial developmental biology, but could also provide approaches for the prevention of birth defects and for tissue engineering in craniofacial tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, 77054 USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, 77054 USA.,Pediatric Research Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA
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32
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Carroll SH, Macias Trevino C, Li EB, Kawasaki K, Myers N, Hallett SA, Alhazmi N, Cotney J, Carstens RP, Liao EC. An Irf6- Esrp1/2 regulatory axis controls midface morphogenesis in vertebrates. Development 2020; 147:dev194498. [PMID: 33234718 PMCID: PMC7774891 DOI: 10.1242/dev.194498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Irf6 and Esrp1 are important for palate development across vertebrates. In zebrafish, we found that irf6 regulates the expression of esrp1 We detailed overlapping Irf6 and Esrp1/2 expression in mouse orofacial epithelium. In zebrafish, irf6 and esrp1/2 share expression in periderm, frontonasal ectoderm and oral epithelium. Genetic disruption of irf6 and esrp1/2 in zebrafish resulted in cleft of the anterior neurocranium. The esrp1/2 mutant also developed cleft of the mouth opening. Lineage tracing of cranial neural crest cells revealed that the cleft resulted not from migration defect, but from impaired chondrogenesis. Analysis of aberrant cells within the cleft revealed expression of sox10, col1a1 and irf6, and these cells were adjacent to krt4+ and krt5+ cells. Breeding of mouse Irf6; Esrp1; Esrp2 compound mutants suggested genetic interaction, as the triple homozygote and the Irf6; Esrp1 double homozygote were not observed. Further, Irf6 heterozygosity reduced Esrp1/2 cleft severity. These studies highlight the complementary analysis of Irf6 and Esrp1/2 in mouse and zebrafish, and identify a unique aberrant cell population in zebrafish expressing sox10, col1a1 and irf6 Future work characterizing this cell population will yield additional insight into cleft pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon H. Carroll
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Claudio Macias Trevino
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Kenta Kawasaki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nikita Myers
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Shawn A. Hallett
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nora Alhazmi
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Justin Cotney
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, CT 06030, USA
| | - Russ P. Carstens
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eric C. Liao
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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33
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Guo D, Ru J, Mao F, Ouyang H, Ju R, Wu K, Liu Y, Liu C. Ontogenesis of the tear drainage system requires Prickle1-driven polarized basement membrane deposition. Development 2020; 147:dev.191726. [PMID: 33144400 DOI: 10.1242/dev.191726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In terrestrial animals, the lacrimal drainage apparatus evolved to serve as conduits for tear flow; however, little is known about the ontogenesis of this system. Here, we define the anatomy of the fully formed tear duct in mice, characterize crucial morphogenetic events for the development of tear duct components and identify the site for primordial tear duct (PTD) initiation. We report that the PTD originates from the orbital lacrimal lamina, a junction formed by the epithelia of the maxillary and lateral nasal processes. We demonstrate that Prickle1, a key component of planar cell polarity signaling, is expressed in progenitors of the PTD and throughout tear duct morphogenesis. Disruption of Prickle1 stalls tear duct elongation; in particular, the loss of basement membrane deposition and aberrant cytoplasmic accumulation of laminin are salient. Altered cell adhesion, cytoskeletal transport systems, vesicular transport systems and cell axis orientation in Prickle1 mutants support the role of Prickle1 in planar cell polarity. Taken together, our results highlight a crucial role of Prickle1-mediated polarized basement membrane secretion and deposition in PTD elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianlei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jiali Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Fuxiang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Rong Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Kaili Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chunqiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Abstract
p63 (also known as TP63) is a transcription factor of the p53 family, along with p73. Multiple isoforms of p63 have been discovered and these have diverse functions encompassing a wide array of cell biology. p63 isoforms are implicated in lineage specification, proliferative potential, differentiation, cell death and survival, DNA damage response and metabolism. Furthermore, p63 is linked to human disease states including cancer. p63 is critical to many aspects of cell signaling, and in this Cell science at a glance article and the accompanying poster, we focus on the signaling cascades regulating TAp63 and ΔNp63 isoforms and those that are regulated by TAp63 and ΔNp63, as well the role of p63 in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Fisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Seamus Balinth
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.,Stony Brook University, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Alea A Mills
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
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35
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Xu J, Wei Q, He Z. Insight Into the Function of RIPK4 in Keratinocyte Differentiation and Carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1562. [PMID: 32923402 PMCID: PMC7457045 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor-interacting protein kinase 4 (RIPK4), a member of the RIPK family, was originally described as an interaction partner of protein kinase C (PKC) β and PKCδ. RIPK4 is identified as a key regulator of keratinocyte differentiation, cutaneous inflammation, and cutaneous wound repair. The mechanism by which RIPK4 integrates upstream signals to initiate specific responses remains elusive. Previous studies have indicated that RIPK4 can regulate several signaling pathways, including the NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways. Furthermore, RIPK4-related biological signaling pathways interact with each other to form a complex network. Mounting evidence suggests that RIPK4 is aberrantly expressed in various kinds of cancers. In several types of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the mutations that drive aggressive SCC have been found in RIPK4. In addition, the function of RIPK4 in carcinogenesis is probably tissue-specific, since RIPK4 can play a dual role as both a tumor promoter and a tumor suppressor in different tumor types. Therefore, RIPK4 may represent as an independent prognostic factor and a promising novel therapeutic target, which can be used to identify the risks of patients and guide personalized treatments. In future, RIPK4-interacting pathways and precise molecular targets need to be investigated in order to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying epidermal differentiation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qichun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixing He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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36
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Jia S, Zhou J, D'Souza RN. Pax9's dual roles in modulating Wnt signaling during murine palatogenesis. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:1274-1284. [PMID: 32390226 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the strides made in understanding the complex network of key regulatory genes and cellular processes that drive palate morphogenesis, patients suffering from these conditions face treatment options that are limited to complex surgeries and multidisciplinary care throughout life. Hence, a better understanding of how molecular interactions drive palatal growth and fusion is critical for the development of treatment and preventive strategies for cleft palates in humans. Our previous work demonstrated that Pax9-dependent Wnt signaling is critical for the growth and fusion of palatal shelves. We showed that controlled intravenous delivery of small molecule Wnt agonists specifically blocks the action of Dkks (inhibitors of Wnt signaling) and corrects secondary palatal clefts in Pax9-/- mice. While these data underscore the importance of the functional upstream relationship of Pax9 to the Wnt pathway, not much is known about how the genetic nature of Pax9's interactions in vivo and how it modulates the actions of these downstream effectors during palate formation. RESULTS Here, we show that the genetic reduction of Dkk1 during palatogenesis corrected secondary palatal clefts in Pax9-/- mice with restoration of Wnt signaling activities. In contrast, genetically induced overexpression of Dkk1 mice phenocopied the defects in tooth and palate development visible in Pax9-/- strains. Results of ChIP-qPCR assays showed that Pax9 can bind to regions near the transcription start sites of Dkk1 and Dkk2 as well as the intergenic region of Wnt9b and Wnt3 ligands that are downregulated in Pax9-/- palates. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data suggest that the molecular mechanisms underlying Pax9's role in modulating Wnt signaling activity likely involve the inhibition of Dkk expression and the control of Wnt ligands during palatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Jia
- School of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Rena N D'Souza
- School of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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37
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Ji Y, Garland MA, Sun B, Zhang S, Reynolds K, McMahon M, Rajakumar R, Islam MS, Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhou CJ. Cellular and developmental basis of orofacial clefts. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1558-1587. [PMID: 32725806 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During craniofacial development, defective growth and fusion of the upper lip and/or palate can cause orofacial clefts (OFCs), which are among the most common structural birth defects in humans. The developmental basis of OFCs includes morphogenesis of the upper lip, primary palate, secondary palate, and other orofacial structures, each consisting of diverse cell types originating from all three germ layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Cranial neural crest cells and orofacial epithelial cells are two major cell types that interact with various cell lineages and play key roles in orofacial development. The cellular basis of OFCs involves defective execution in any one or several of the following processes: neural crest induction, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, primary cilia formation and its signaling transduction, epithelial seam formation and disappearance, periderm formation and peeling, convergence and extrusion of palatal epithelial seam cells, cell adhesion, cytoskeleton dynamics, and extracellular matrix function. The latest cellular and developmental findings may provide a basis for better understanding of the underlying genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and molecular mechanisms of OFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) graduate group, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Michael A Garland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Kurt Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) graduate group, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Moira McMahon
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Ratheya Rajakumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Mohammad S Islam
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Yue Liu
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - YiPing Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Chengji J Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) graduate group, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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38
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Reynolds K, Zhang S, Sun B, Garland MA, Ji Y, Zhou CJ. Genetics and signaling mechanisms of orofacial clefts. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1588-1634. [PMID: 32666711 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Craniofacial development involves several complex tissue movements including several fusion processes to form the frontonasal and maxillary structures, including the upper lip and palate. Each of these movements are controlled by many different factors that are tightly regulated by several integral morphogenetic signaling pathways. Subject to both genetic and environmental influences, interruption at nearly any stage can disrupt lip, nasal, or palate fusion and result in a cleft. Here, we discuss many of the genetic risk factors that may contribute to the presentation of orofacial clefts in patients, and several of the key signaling pathways and underlying cellular mechanisms that control lip and palate formation, as identified primarily through investigating equivalent processes in animal models, are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California; University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California; University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California; University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Michael A Garland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California; University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Yu Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California; University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Chengji J Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California; University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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39
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Nakatomi M, Ludwig KU, Knapp M, Kist R, Lisgo S, Ohshima H, Mangold E, Peters H. Msx1 deficiency interacts with hypoxia and induces a morphogenetic regulation during mouse lip development. Development 2020; 147:dev189175. [PMID: 32467233 DOI: 10.1242/dev.189175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nonsyndromic clefts of the lip and palate are common birth defects resulting from gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Mutations in human MSX1 have been linked to orofacial clefting and we show here that Msx1 deficiency causes a growth defect of the medial nasal process (Mnp) in mouse embryos. Although this defect alone does not disrupt lip formation, Msx1-deficient embryos develop a cleft lip when the mother is transiently exposed to reduced oxygen levels or to phenytoin, a drug known to cause embryonic hypoxia. In the absence of interacting environmental factors, the Mnp growth defect caused by Msx1 deficiency is modified by a Pax9-dependent 'morphogenetic regulation', which modulates Mnp shape, rescues lip formation and involves a localized abrogation of Bmp4-mediated repression of Pax9 Analyses of GWAS data revealed a genome-wide significant association of a Gene Ontology morphogenesis term (including assigned roles for MSX1, MSX2, PAX9, BMP4 and GREM1) specifically for nonsyndromic cleft lip with cleft palate. Our data indicate that MSX1 mutations could increase the risk for cleft lip formation by interacting with an impaired morphogenetic regulation that adjusts Mnp shape, or through interactions that inhibit Mnp growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsushiro Nakatomi
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kerstin U Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Knapp
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Kist
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
- School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4BW, UK
| | - Steven Lisgo
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Elisabeth Mangold
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Heiko Peters
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
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40
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Lu J, Liu X, Zheng J, Song J, Liu Y, Ruan X, Shen S, Shao L, Yang C, Wang D, Cai H, Cao S, Xue Y. Lin28A promotes IRF6-regulated aerobic glycolysis in glioma cells by stabilizing SNHG14. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:447. [PMID: 32527996 PMCID: PMC7289837 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Warburg effect is a hallmark of cancer cells, wherein glycolysis is preferred over oxidative phosphorylation even in aerobic conditions. Reprogramming of glycometabolism is especially crucial for malignancy in glioma. RNA-binding proteins and long noncoding RNAs are important for aerobic glycolysis during malignant transformation. Thus, we determined the expression and function of RNA-binding protein Lin28A, long noncoding RNA SNHG14, and transcription factor IRF6 in human glioma cells to elucidate the mechanism(s) underlying their role in glycolysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting showed that Lin28A and SNHG14 were overexpressed and IRF6 was downregulated in glioma. Depleting Lin28A from cells decreased the stability and expression of SNHG14. Furthermore, depleting SNHG14 reduced IRF6 mRNA degradation by targeting its 3' untranslated region and inhibiting STAU1-mediated degradation, thereby increasing the expression of IRF6. PKM2 is an important enzyme in aerobic glycolysis, and GLUT1 is the primary transporter that facilitates glucose uptake. IRF6 inhibited the transcription of PKM2 and GLUT1, thereby impairing glycolysis and cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in glioma. Notably, depleting Lin28A and SNHG14 and overexpressing IRF6 reduced the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo and prolonged the survival of nude mice. Taken together, our data revealed that the Lin28A/SNHG14/IRF6 axis is crucial for reprogramming glucose metabolism and stimulating tumorigenesis in glioma cells. Thus, targeting this axis might help in the development of a novel therapeutic strategy for glioma metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Lu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuelei Ruan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Lianqi Shao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Heng Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuo Cao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China.
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Lee S, Sears MJ, Zhang Z, Li H, Salhab I, Krebs P, Xing Y, Nah HD, Williams T, Carstens RP. Cleft lip and cleft palate in Esrp1 knockout mice is associated with alterations in epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk. Development 2020; 147:dev.187369. [PMID: 32253237 DOI: 10.1242/dev.187369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cleft lip is one of the most common human birth defects. However, there remain a limited number of mouse models of cleft lip that can be leveraged to characterize the genes and mechanisms that cause this disorder. Crosstalk between epithelial and mesenchymal cells underlies formation of the face and palate, but the basic molecular events mediating this crosstalk remain poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that mice lacking the epithelial-specific splicing factor Esrp1 have fully penetrant bilateral cleft lip and palate. In this study, we further investigated the mechanisms leading to cleft lip as well as cleft palate in both existing and new Esrp1 mutant mouse models. These studies included a detailed transcriptomic analysis of changes in ectoderm and mesenchyme in Esrp1-/- embryos during face formation. We identified altered expression of genes previously implicated in cleft lip and/or palate, including components of multiple signaling pathways. These findings provide the foundation for detailed investigations using Esrp1 mutant disease models to examine gene regulatory networks and pathways that are essential for normal face and palate development - the disruption of which leads to orofacial clefting in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- SungKyoung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew J Sears
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zijun Zhang
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado School of Dental, Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Imad Salhab
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yi Xing
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hyun-Duck Nah
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Trevor Williams
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado School of Dental, Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Russ P Carstens
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA .,Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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42
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Remesal L, Roger-Baynat I, Chirivella L, Maicas M, Brocal-Ruiz R, Pérez-Villalba A, Cucarella C, Casado M, Flames N. PBX1 acts as terminal selector for olfactory bulb dopaminergic neurons. Development 2020; 147:dev.186841. [PMID: 32156753 DOI: 10.1242/dev.186841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal specification is a protracted process that begins with the commitment of progenitor cells and culminates with the generation of mature neurons. Many transcription factors are continuously expressed during this process but it is presently unclear how these factors modify their targets as cells transition through different stages of specification. In olfactory bulb adult neurogenesis, the transcription factor PBX1 controls neurogenesis in progenitor cells and the survival of migrating neuroblasts. Here, we show that, at later differentiation stages, PBX1 also acts as a terminal selector for the dopaminergic neuron fate. PBX1 is also required for the morphological maturation of dopaminergic neurons and to repress alternative interneuron fates, findings that expand the known repertoire of terminal-selector actions. Finally, we reveal that the temporal diversification of PBX1 functions in neuronal specification is achieved, at least in part, through the dynamic regulation of alternative splicing. In Caenorhabditis elegans, PBX/CEH-20 also acts as a dopaminergic neuron terminal selector, which suggests an ancient role for PBX factors in the regulation of terminal differentiation of dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Remesal
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Roger-Baynat
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Chirivella
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miren Maicas
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Brocal-Ruiz
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Villalba
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), and Departamento de Biología Celular, Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carme Cucarella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Metabolic Experimental Pathology Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Casado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Metabolic Experimental Pathology Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Nuria Flames
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, IBV-CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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43
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Saleem K, Zaib T, Sun W, Fu S. Assessment of candidate genes and genetic heterogeneity in human non syndromic orofacial clefts specifically non syndromic cleft lip with or without palate. Heliyon 2019; 5:e03019. [PMID: 31886431 PMCID: PMC6921104 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non syndromic orofacial clefts specifically non-syndromic cleft lip/palate are one of the most common craniofacial malformation among birth defects in human having multifactorial etiology with an incidence of 1:700/1000. On the basis of association with other congenital malformations or their presence as isolated anomaly, OFC can be classified as syndromic (30%) and nonsyndromic (70%) respectively. The major cause of disease demonstrates complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The pathogenic mechanism of underlying factors have been provided by different genetic studies on large-scale with significant recent advances in genotyping technologies usually based on linkage or genome wide association studies (GWAS). On the basis of recent studies, new tools to identify causative genes involved in NSCL/P reported approximately more than 30 genetic risk loci that are responsible for pathogenesis of facial deformation. Despite these findings, it is still uncertain that how much of variance in NSCL/P predisposing factors can be explain by identified risk loci, as they all together accounts for only 20%-25% of NSCL/P heritability. So there is need of further findings about the problem of rare low frequency coding variants and other missing responsive factors or genetic modifiers. This review will described those potential genes and loci reported in different studies whose involvement in pathogenesis of nonsyndromic OFC has wide scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Saleem
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetics Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Tahir Zaib
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetics Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetics Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Songbin Fu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetics Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
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44
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Maili L, Letra A, Silva R, Buchanan EP, Mulliken JB, Greives MR, Teichgraeber JF, Blackwell SJ, Ummer R, Weber R, Chiquet B, Blanton SH, Hecht JT. PBX-WNT-P63-IRF6 pathway in nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. Birth Defects Res 2019; 112:234-244. [PMID: 31825181 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) is one of the most common craniofacial anomalies in humans, affecting more than 135,000 newborns worldwide. NSCLP has a multifactorial etiology with more than 50 genes postulated to play an etiologic role. The genetic pathway comprised of Pbx-Wnt-p63-Irf6 genes was shown to control facial morphogenesis in mice and proposed as a regulatory pathway for NSCLP. Based on these findings, we investigated whether variation in PBX1, PBX2, and TP63, and their proposed interactions were associated with NSCLP. Fourteen single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in/nearby PBX1, PBX2, and TP63 were genotyped in 780 NSCLP families of nonHispanic white (NHW) and Hispanic ethnicities. Family-based association tests were performed for individual SNVs stratified by ethnicity and family history of NSCLP. Gene-gene interactions were also tested. A significant association was found for PBX2 rs3131300 and NSCLP in combined Hispanic families (p = .003) while nominal association was found for TP63 rs9332461 in multiplex Hispanic families (p = .005). Significant haplotype associations were observed for PBX2 in NHW (p = .0002) and Hispanic families (p = .003), and for TP63 in multiplex Hispanic families (.003). An independent case-control group was used to validate findings, and significant associations were found with PBX1 rs6426870 (p = .007) and TP63 rs9332461 (p = .03). Gene-gene interactions were detected between PBX1/PBX2/TP63 with IRF6 in NHW families, and between PBX1 with WNT9B in both NHW and Hispanic families (p < .0018). This study provides the first evidence for a role of PBX1 and PBX2, additional evidence for the role of TP63, and support for the proposed PBX-WNT-TP63-IRF6 regulatory pathway in the etiology of NSCLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Maili
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Renato Silva
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Edward P Buchanan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Matthew R Greives
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - John F Teichgraeber
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Rohit Ummer
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Ryan Weber
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Brett Chiquet
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan H Blanton
- Dr. John T. MacDonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jacqueline T Hecht
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas
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45
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Suzuki A, Yoshioka H, Summakia D, Desai NG, Jun G, Jia P, Loose DS, Ogata K, Gajera MV, Zhao Z, Iwata J. MicroRNA-124-3p suppresses mouse lip mesenchymal cell proliferation through the regulation of genes associated with cleft lip in the mouse. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:852. [PMID: 31727022 PMCID: PMC6854646 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cleft lip (CL), one of the most common congenital birth defects, shows considerable geographic and ethnic variation, with contribution of both genetic and environmental factors. Mouse genetic studies have identified several CL-associated genes. However, it remains elusive how these CL-associated genes are regulated and involved in CL. Environmental factors may regulate these genes at the post-transcriptional level through the regulation of non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs). In this study, we sought to identify miRNAs associated with CL in mice. Results Through a systematic literature review and a Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) database search, we identified 55 genes that were associated with CL in mice. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis of these genes predicted that a total of 33 miRNAs target multiple CL-associated genes, with 20 CL-associated genes being potentially regulated by multiple miRNAs. To experimentally validate miRNA function in cell proliferation, we conducted cell proliferation/viability assays for the selected five candidate miRNAs (miR-124-3p, let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, let-7c-5p, and let-7d-5p). Overexpression of miR-124-3p, but not of the others, inhibited cell proliferation through suppression of CL-associated genes in cultured mouse embryonic lip mesenchymal cells (MELM cells) isolated from the developing mouse lip region. By contrast, miR-124-3p knockdown had no effect on MELM cell proliferation. This miRNA-gene regulatory mechanism was mostly conserved in O9–1 cells, an established cranial neural crest cell line. Expression of miR-124-3p was low in the maxillary processes at E10.5, when lip mesenchymal cells proliferate, whereas it was greatly increased at later developmental stages, suggesting that miR-124-3p expression is suppressed during the proliferation phase in normal palate development. Conclusions Our findings indicate that upregulated miR-124-3p inhibits cell proliferation in cultured lip cells through suppression of CL-associated genes. These results will have a significant impact, not only on our knowledge about lip morphogenesis, but also on the development of clinical approaches for the diagnosis and prevention of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBS 4208, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hiroki Yoshioka
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBS 4208, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dima Summakia
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBS 4208, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Neha G Desai
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBS 4208, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Goo Jun
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peilin Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David S Loose
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kenichi Ogata
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBS 4208, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mona V Gajera
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBS 4208, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBS 4208, Houston, TX, 77054, USA. .,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. .,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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46
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Lu Y, Liang M, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Song Y, Lai L, Li Z. Mutations of GADD45G in rabbits cause cleft lip by the disorder of proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2356-2367. [PMID: 31150757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is one of the most common congenital defects in humans. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been widely used for identifying candidate genes, and different genes or chromosomal regions have shown strong evidence for the presence of causal genes in CL/P. To date, two independent GWAS have identified GADD45G as influencing risk for CL/P. However, there is no animal model evidence about GADD45G related to CL/P. Here, we reported the generation of a novel GADD45G mutated rabbit model by CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR-based BE4-Gam systems. The homozygous (GADD45G-/-) while not heterozygous (GADD45G+/-) pups died after birth due to severe craniofacial defects of unilateral or bilateral cleft lip (CL). Moreover, the disorder of proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were also determined in the medial and lateral nasal processes (MNP and LNP) of the embryonic day 13 (E13) GADD45G-/- rabbits, which compared with the normal wild type (WT) rabbits. Thus, our study confirmed for the first time that loss of GADD45G lead to CL at the animal level and provided new insights into the crucial role of GADD45G for upper lip formation and fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Quanjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuning Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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47
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Shibano M, Watanabe A, Takano N, Mishima H, Kinoshita A, Yoshiura KI, Shibahara T. Target Capture/Next-Generation Sequencing for Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate in the Japanese Population. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2019; 57:80-87. [PMID: 31337262 DOI: 10.1177/1055665619857650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL ± P) and nonsyndromic cleft palate only (NSCP) may be associated with genetic factors. Although some predisposing genes/loci have been reported, their attributable risk is too small to be clinically meaningful. To clarify the genetic causes and mechanisms of NSCL±P or NSCP, we conducted mutation analysis of target genes using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach. METHODS The target genes, IRF6, WNT5A, WNT9B, TP63, MSX1, TFAP2A, PAX9, DLX3, DLX4, and MN1, were selected based on previous reports of potential associations with the development of NSCL±P or NSCP from genome-wide association studies and candidate gene analyses. Mutation analysis was conducted using NGS on 74 Japanese trios (patient and parents) and 18 Japanese patients only families. RESULTS We detected single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) for 7 genes: IRF6, DLX4, WNT5A, TFAP2A, WNT9B, TP63, and PAX9. The SNVs found on IRF6 and DLX4 were missense mutations, whereas those identified on WNT5A, TFAP2A, WNT9B, TP63, and PAX9 were rare variants in the noncoding region; no de novo mutation was identified in the trio samples. The amino acid change on DLX4 was detected within the highly conserved homeodomain and was predicted to have a deleterious impact on the protein function by in silico analysis. CONCLUSIONS The DLX4 missense mutation c.359C>T (Pro120Leu) was found in 1 Japanese patient with NSCL±P and was located in the homeodomain region. This mutation likely plays a role in the development of NSCL±P in the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayasu Shibano
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuo Takano
- Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mishima
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Kinoshita
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koh-Ichiro Yoshiura
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shibahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Ma J, Yin B, Shi JY, Lin YS, Duan SJ, Shi B, Jia ZL. Exon sequencing reveals that missense mutation of PBX1 gene may increase the risk of non-syndromic cleft lip/palate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:2691-2698. [PMID: 31934099 PMCID: PMC6949560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-syndromic oral cleft (NSOC) is one of the most common multifactorial birth defects. A previous animal study showed PBX1 gene knockout mice consequently exhibited complete cleft lip/palate (CL/P). However, little is known about the association between PBX1 and NSOC in humans. This study investigated the role of the PBX1 gene in NSOC in the Han Chinese population. METHODS In all, 287 NSOCs were recruited for this study. First, exons in the PBX1 gene were sequenced among 50 non-syndromic cleft lip and palate cases to screen for variations by the Sanger sequencing method. Then, we selected four SNPs to replicate among 237 NSOC trios and analyzed the data by using TDT and parent of origin effect methods. RESULTS Exon sequencing identified six variants of the PBX1 gene. Among them, four variants were common variants. TDT analysis revealed allele G at rs2275558 and allele T at rs3835581 were over-transmitted in NSCL/P (P=0.039 and 0.038, respectively), which could increase the risk for NSCL/P. Parent of origin effect analysis indicated that allele G at rs2275558 was paternally over-transmitted for NSCL/P (P=0.0091). CONCLUSION This is the first report that the PBX1 gene is associated with NSCL/P, which indicates that it is a promising candidate gene for NSCL/P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Province, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
| | - Jia-Yu Shi
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, USA
| | - Yan-Song Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
| | - Zhong-Lin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Development of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityP.R. China
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49
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Xu HF, Huang TJ, Yang Q, Xu L, Lin F, Lang YH, Hu H, Peng LX, Meng DF, Xie YJ, Tan L, Qian CN, Huang BJ. Candidate tumor suppressor gene IRF6 is involved in human breast cancer pathogenesis via modulating PI3K-regulatory subunit PIK3R2 expression. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5557-5572. [PMID: 31417306 PMCID: PMC6594015 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s203060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: The tumor-suppressive functions of interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) in some tumors have been preliminarily established, but its pathogenesis and underlying molecular mechanisms in breast cancer, the most common malignancy in women, remains poorly understood. Methods: Pairs of typical breast cancer cell lines (high- and low-aggressive) in addition to 27 breast cancer tissue samples and 31 non-cancerous breast tissues were used to investigate the expression level of IRF6 and Lentivirus-mediated gain-of-function studies, short hairpin RNA-mediated loss-of-function studies in vivo and in vitro were used to validate the role of IRF6 in breast cancer. Next, we performed RNA-Seq analysis to identify the molecular mechanisms of IRF6 involved in breast cancer progression. Results: Our findings showed that IRF6 was downregulated in highly invasive breast cancer cell lines but upregulated in poorly aggressive ones. Functional assays revealed that elevated IRF6 expression could suppress cell proliferation and tumorigenicity, and enhanced cellular chemotherapeutic sensitivity. To identify the molecular mechanisms involved, we performed a genome-wide and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis in breast cancer cells using RNA sequencing of gene expression profiles following the overexpression of IRF6. Genome-wide and KEGG analyses showed that IRF6 might mediate the PI3K-regulatory subunit PIK3R2, which in turn modulated the PI3K/AKT pathway to control breast cancer pathogenesis. Conclusion: We provide the first evidence of the involvement of IRF6 in breast cancer pathogenesis, which was found to modulate the PI3K/AKT pathway via mediating PIK3R2; indicating that IRF6 can be targeted as a potential therapeutic treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fa Xu
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China.,Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie-Jun Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Lin
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Lang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Xie
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tan
- Center of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
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50
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Li H, Jones KL, Hooper JE, Williams T. The molecular anatomy of mammalian upper lip and primary palate fusion at single cell resolution. Development 2019; 146:dev.174888. [PMID: 31118233 DOI: 10.1242/dev.174888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian lip and primary palate form when coordinated growth and morphogenesis bring the nasal and maxillary processes into contact, and the epithelia co-mingle, remodel and clear from the fusion site to allow mesenchyme continuity. Although several genes required for fusion have been identified, an integrated molecular and cellular description of the overall process is lacking. Here, we employ single cell RNA sequencing of the developing mouse face to identify ectodermal, mesenchymal and endothelial populations associated with patterning and fusion of the facial prominences. This analysis indicates that key cell populations at the fusion site exist within the periderm, basal epithelial cells and adjacent mesenchyme. We describe the expression profiles that make each population unique, and the signals that potentially integrate their behaviour. Overall, these data provide a comprehensive high-resolution description of the various cell populations participating in fusion of the lip and primary palate, as well as formation of the nasolacrimal groove, and they furnish a powerful resource for those investigating the molecular genetics of facial development and facial clefting that can be mined for crucial mechanistic information concerning this prevalent human birth defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joan E Hooper
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Trevor Williams
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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