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Ilyas MZ, Sa KJ, Ali MW, Lee JK. Toxic effects of lead on plants: integrating multi-omics with bioinformatics to develop Pb-tolerant crops. Planta 2023; 259:18. [PMID: 38085368 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Lead disrupts plant metabolic homeostasis and key structural elements. Utilizing modern biotechnology tools, it's feasible to develop Pb-tolerant varieties by discovering biological players regulating plant metabolic pathways under stress. Lead (Pb) has been used for a variety of purposes since antiquity despite its toxic nature. After arsenic, lead is the most hazardous heavy metal without any known beneficial role in the biological system. It is a crucial inorganic pollutant that affects plant biochemical and morpho-physiological attributes. Lead toxicity harms plants throughout their life cycle and the extent of damage depends on the concentration and duration of exposure. Higher levels of lead exposure disrupt numerous key metabolic activities of plants including oxygen-evolving complex, organelles integrity, photosystem II connectivity, and electron transport chain. This review summarizes the detrimental effects of lead toxicity on seed germination, crop growth, and yield, oxidative and ultra-structural alterations, as well as nutrient absorption, transport, and assimilation. Further, it discusses the Pb-induced toxic modulation of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, respiration, metabolic-enzymatic activity, osmolytes accumulation, and antioxidant activity. It is a comprehensive review that reports on omics-based studies along with morpho-physiological and biochemical modifications caused by lead stress. With advances in DNA sequencing technologies, genomics and transcriptomics are gradually becoming popular for studying Pb stress effects in plants. Proteomics and metabolomics are still underrated and there is a scarcity of published data, and this review highlights both their technical and research gaps. Besides, there is also a discussion on how the integration of omics with bioinformatics and the use of the latest biotechnological tools can aid in developing Pb-tolerant crops. The review concludes with core challenges and research directions that need to be addressed soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahaib Ilyas
- Department of Applied Plant Sciences, College of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Kyu Jin Sa
- Department of Crop Science, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Korea
| | - Muhammad Waqas Ali
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Center, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Ju Kyong Lee
- Department of Applied Plant Sciences, College of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
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Hussain B, Riaz L, Li K, Hayat K, Akbar N, Hadeed MZ, Zhu B, Pu S. Abiogenic silicon: Interaction with potentially toxic elements and its ecological significance in soil and plant systems. Environ Pollut 2023; 338:122689. [PMID: 37804901 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Abiogenic silicon (Si), though deemed a quasi-nutrient, remains largely inaccessible to plants due to its prevalence within mineral ores. Nevertheless, the influence of Si extends across a spectrum of pivotal plant processes. Si emerges as a versatile boon for plants, conferring a plethora of advantages. Notably, it engenders substantial enhancements in biomass, yield, and overall plant developmental attributes. Beyond these effects, Si augments the activities of vital antioxidant enzymes, encompassing glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD), among others. It achieves through the augmentation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging gene expression, thus curbing the injurious impact of free radicals. In addition to its effects on plants, Si profoundly ameliorates soil health indicators. Si tangibly enhances soil vitality by elevating soil pH and fostering microbial community proliferation. Furthermore, it exerts inhibitory control over ions that could inflict harm upon delicate plant cells. During interactions within the soil matrix, Si readily forms complexes with potentially toxic metals (PTEs), encapsulating them through Si-PTEs interactions, precipitative mechanisms, and integration within colloidal Si and mineral strata. The amalgamation of Si with other soil amendments, such as biochar, nanoparticles, zeolites, and composts, extends its capacity to thwart PTEs. This synergistic approach enhances soil organic matter content and bolsters overall soil quality parameters. The utilization of Si-based fertilizers and nanomaterials holds promise for further increasing food production and fortifying global food security. Besides, gaps in our scientific discourse persist concerning Si speciation and fractionation within soils, as well as its intricate interplay with PTEs. Nonetheless, future investigations must delve into the precise functions of abiogenic Si within the physiological and biochemical realms of both soil and plants, especially at the critical juncture of the soil-plant interface. This review seeks to comprehensively address the multifaceted roles of Si in plant and soil systems during interactions with PTEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Luqman Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kohsar University Murree, 47150, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kun Li
- Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan, China
| | - Kashif Hayat
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Naveed Akbar
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | | | - Bowei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Shengyan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
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Sahito ZA, Zehra A, Yu S, Chen S, He Z, Yang X. Chinese sapindaceous tree species (Sapindus mukorosii) exhibits lead tolerance and long-term phytoremediation potential for moderately contaminated soils. Chemosphere 2023; 338:139376. [PMID: 37437621 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in metropolitan soils poses significant risks to human health and the entire ecosystem. Effective mitigation strategies and technologies are crucial for addressing these environmental issues. Fast-growing trees are an essential part of phytoremediation projects all over the world and provide long-term ecological benefits to mankind. This study assessed the lead tolerance and phytoremediation potential of a fast-growing soapberry tree species (Sapindus mukorossi) in moderately contaminated soil. Two independent experiments were conducted to assess its tolerance at (i) germination level and (ii) prolonged growth stage. In the germination experiments, seeds were exposed to lead (II) nitrate Pb (NO₃)₂ at various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μM) for 120 days. Results showed significant differences in germination time, germination index, seedling vigor index, energy of germination, final germination, germination inhibition, seedling height and root/shoot weight compared to the control experiments. In the prolonged growth experiments, seedlings were grown for six months in soils amended/spiked with different Pb concentrations (T0 = 0, T1 = 20, T2 = 50, T3 = 100, T4 = 150 and T5 = 200 mg kg-1 soil) and their biomass was determined. The highest biomass achieved in six months (T0: 12.62 g plant-1), followed by (T1: 12.33 g plant-1), (T2: 12.42 g plant-1), (T3: 11.86 g plant-1), (T4: 10.86 g plant-1) and (T5: 10.06 g plant-1) respectively. S. mukorossi showed no visible signs of Pb toxicity over a six-month period. During six months of exposure, the total Pb content in S. mucrossi tissues were classified as roots > leaves > stems. The highest cumulative absorption of Pb occurred between the fourth and fifth months of exposure. Maximum transfer factor (TF) was detected during the fourth month ranging from 0.888 to 1.012 for the different Pb concentrations. Furthermore, the growth behavior, lead accumulation, bioconcentration factors (BCF) and tolerance index (TI) indicated that S. mucrossi may tolerate moderate Pb concentrations for longer periods. These findings suggest that S. mukorossi may be deployed for long-term phytoremediation coupled with urban forest applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Afsheen Zehra
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoning Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech, University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, Florida, 34945, United States
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Altaf MA, Sharma N, Srivastava D, Mandal S, Adavi S, Jena R, Bairwa RK, Gopalakrishnan AV, Kumar A, Dey A, Lal MK, Tiwari RK, Kumar R, Ahmed P. Deciphering the melatonin-mediated response and signalling in the regulation of heavy metal stress in plants. Planta 2023; 257:115. [PMID: 37169910 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Melatonin has a protective effect against heavy metal stress in plants by immobilizing HM in cell walls and sequestering them in root cell vacuoles, reducing HM's translocation from roots to shoots. It enhances osmolyte production, increases antioxidant enzyme activity, and improves photosynthesis, thereby improving cellular functions. Understanding the melatonin-mediated response and signalling can sustain crop production in heavy metal-stressed soils. Melatonin is a pleiotropic signal molecule that plays a critical role in plant growth and stress tolerance, particularly against heavy metals in soil. Heavy metals (HMs) are ubiquitously found in the soil-water environment and readily taken up by plants, thereby disrupting mineral nutrient homeostasis, osmotic balance, oxidative stress, and altered primary and secondary metabolism. Plants combat HM stress through inbuilt defensive mechanisms, such as metal exclusion, restricted foliar translocation, metal sequestration and compartmentalization, chelation, and scavenging of free radicals by antioxidant enzymes. Melatonin has a protective effect against the damaging effects of HM stress in plants. It achieves this by immobilizing HM in cell walls and sequestering them in root cell vacuoles, reducing HM's translocation from roots to shoots. This mechanism improves the uptake of macronutrients and micronutrients in plants. Additionally, melatonin enhances osmolyte production, improving the plant's water relations, and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes to limit lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Melatonin also decreases chlorophyll degradation while increasing its synthesis, and enhances RuBisCO activity for better photosynthesis. All these functions contribute to improving the cellular functions of plants exposed to HM stress. This review aims to gain better insight into the melatonin-mediated response and signalling under HM stress in plants, which may be useful in sustaining crop production in heavy metal-stressed soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahsan Altaf
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Nitin Sharma
- Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173230, India
| | - Dipali Srivastava
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Sayanti Mandal
- Institute of Bioinformatics Biotechnology (IBB), Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Arts, Commerce & Science College, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India
| | - Sandeep Adavi
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, 493225, India
| | - Rupak Jena
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Bairwa
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
| | - Parvaiz Ahmed
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, 192301, India.
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Cay S. Assessment of tea saponin and citric acid-assisted phytoextraction of Pb-contaminated soil by Salvia virgata Jacq. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:49771-49778. [PMID: 36787065 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study, investigated the influence of the natural tea saponin (TS) obtained by microwave-assisted extraction and citric acid (CA) by commercially enhancing lead ion (Pb(II)) uptake by Salvia virgata Jacq. The Pb(II) tolerance was compared, and the growth of plants and Pb(II) accumulation characteristics of S. virgata with chemical agents TS and CA were studied for their phytoextraction potential of Pb(II) from artificially contaminated soil of 0-100 mg kg-1 different concentrations under pot conditions. The different morphophysiological parameters of S. virgata such as growth, biomass, chlorophylls, and carotenoids were significantly changed under different Pb(II) stress and TS and CA concentrations. To evaluate the removal efficiency of the studied plant, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) or enrichment coefficient (EC), translocation factor (TF), and tolerance index (TI) values were also calculated and compared with the control. Phytotoxic effects were observed at 100 mg kg-1; added Pb(II) treatments caused significant decreases of 33.05% in the biomass of S. virgata compared to the control. All the obtained results showed that the concentrations of Pb(II) being compared revealed a highest uptake (286 ± 5.2 mg kg-1) of 100 mg kg-1. The concentration of available Pb(II)-assisted TS and CA increased by 9.1-28.4% compared to the control. Based on these findings, S. virgata might be cultivated and used as a hyperaccumulator in the removal of Pb(II) from the contaminated soils, and appropriate application of TS and CA can enhance phytoremediation of Pb(II)-contaminated soil by other hyperaccumulator plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seydahmet Cay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun University, 28200, Gure, Giresun, Turkey.
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6
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Sharma M, Mathur J. Phytoaccumulation of zinc from contaminated soil using ornamental plants species Helianthus annuus L. and Tagetes erecta L. Int J Phytoremediation 2022:1-17. [PMID: 36448490 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2149692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Intensive research on hyperaccumulator plant species provides an alternative method to cleanup heavy metal contaminated sites using these plants. Helianthus annuus and Tagetes erecta are suitable hyperaccumulator plant species for removing zinc (Zn) from contaminated soil because of their high phytoremediation effectiveness. The present study focused on to evaluate comparative efficacy of Zn accumulation using H. annuus and T. erecta. Plantlets were exposed to different Zn concentrations (10, 50, 100, 300, and 500 mg kg-1) for 20, 40, and 60 days while changes in morphological, biochemical, and enzyme activity markers were evaluated. The concentration of Zn in various plant parts was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). After 60 days H. annuus showed greatest accumulation of Zn in the root and shoot (216.7 and 109.5 mg kg-1), whereas the Zn accumulation T. erecta (209.5 and 97.84 mg kg-1) was found comparatively less in the root and shoot. The result showed increased polyphenol and proline concentrations with increasing Zn concentrations which were maximal in H. annuus 6.642 mg g-1 and 25.474 µmol g-1, respectively. At 60 days, APX (4.145 mM mg-1), CAT (2.558 mM mg-1), and GR (52.23 mM mg-1) antioxidant enzymatic activities were observed with higher concentrations. Analysis of ultrastructure confirmed Zn transport and localization in root and shoot tissues examined through FESEM-EDX, Fluorescence microscopy, and optical microscopy. The present research findings concluded with the high amount of removal of Zn from contaminated soil using H. annuus and T. erecta for ecofriendly approach to soil cleanup followed by sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, India
| | - Jyoti Mathur
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, India
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Khan A, Khan AA, Irfan M, Sayeed Akhtar M, Hasan SA. Lead-induced modification of growth and yield of Linum usitatissimum L. and its soil remediation potential. Int J Phytoremediation 2022; 25:1067-1076. [PMID: 36178175 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2128040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the pre-reproductive and reproductive responses of Linum usitatissimum L. (flax, linseed plant) to different levels of Pb in the soil. Flax seeds were sown in garden soil-filled earthen pots and treated with three different levels of lead as lead chloride (150, 450, and 750 mg Pb kg-1 soil) except control, and each treatment was replicated three times. Growth and reproductive parameters and photosynthetic pigments were significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.05) for all treatments. Quantitatively, Chlorophyll b content decreased more than chlorophyll a and the amount of proline content in the leaves increased in lockstep with the increase of Pb levels in the soil. Pb was found in substantial amounts in the roots, shoots, and seeds. The pattern of Pb accumulation in different organs was root > shoot > seeds. Pb levels in seeds obtained from 750 mg Pb kg-1 soil-treated plants exceeded the permissible limits. Biological concentration factor (BCF), biological accumulation coefficient (BAC) and translocation factor (TF) values showed that roots of L. usitatissimum absorbed and accumulated a substantial quantity of Pb but translocated only a fraction of that to the shoots. Therefore, L. usitatissimum L. can be used in phytostabilization rather than phytoextraction of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Khan
- Environmental Botany Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Athar Ali Khan
- Environmental Botany Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd Irfan
- Department of Botany, Sanskriti University, Mathura, India
| | | | - Syed Aiman Hasan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Emamverdian A, Ding Y, Barker J, Mokhberdoran F, Ramakrishnan M, Liu G, Li Y. Nitric Oxide Ameliorates Plant Metal Toxicity by Increasing Antioxidant Capacity and Reducing Pb and Cd Translocation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1981. [PMID: 34943084 PMCID: PMC8750146 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to increase plant resistance to heavy metal stress. In this regard, an in vitro tissue culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in the alleviation of heavy metal toxicity in a bamboo species (Arundinaria pygmaea) under lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) toxicity. The treatment included 200 µmol of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) alone and in combination with 200 µM SNP: NO donor, 0.1% Hb, bovine hemoglobin (NO scavenger), and 50 µM L-NAME, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NO synthase inhibitor) in four replications in comparison to controls. The results demonstrated that the addition of L-NAME and Hb as an NO synthase inhibitor and NO scavenger significantly increased oxidative stress and injured the cell membrane of the bamboo species. The addition of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) for NO synthesis increased antioxidant activity, protein content, photosynthetic properties, plant biomass, and plant growth under heavy metal (Pb and Cd) toxicity. It was concluded that NO can increase plant tolerance for metal toxicity with some key mechanisms, such as increasing antioxidant activities, limiting metal translocation from roots to shoots, and diminishing metal accumulation in the roots, shoots, and stems of bamboo species under heavy metal toxicity (Pb and Cd).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolghassem Emamverdian
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.D.); (F.M.); (M.R.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yulong Ding
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.D.); (F.M.); (M.R.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - James Barker
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames KT1 2EE, UK;
| | - Farzad Mokhberdoran
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.D.); (F.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.D.); (F.M.); (M.R.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Y.D.); (F.M.); (M.R.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA;
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Lu N, Li G, Sun Y, Wei Y, He L, Li Y. Phytoremediation Potential of Four Native Plants in Soils Contaminated with Lead in a Mining Area. Land 2021; 10:1129. [DOI: 10.3390/land10111129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal pollution in soils is an issue of global concern, and lead (Pb) pollution is considered to be the most serious type. The arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China are rich in Pb ore resources. In this study, four native crops [wormwood (Artemisia capillaris), dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and plantain (Plantago asiatica L.)] that grow naturally around tailings slag in a mining area in Northwest China were selected to screen their ecological restoration impacts on Pb-contaminated soil. In pot experiments, four different metal lead pollution gradients (0, 2, 3, and 5‰ w/w) were set, and crop growth indexes such as plant height, root length, and biomass, together with the changes of soil Pb content in different tissues and organs before and after planting were analyzed. The results showed the difference in the amount of accumulated Pb in relation to the level of Pb content in the soil. It was found that wormwood and plantain have great potential as remediation plants for soil metal lead pollution in the arid and semi-arid lead bearing mining areas of Northwest China.
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Hoque MN, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Hannan A, Sultana N, Akhter S, Hasanuzzaman M, Akter F, Hossain MS, Sayed MA, Hasan MT, Skalicky M, Li X, Brestič M. Melatonin Modulates Plant Tolerance to Heavy Metal Stress: Morphological Responses to Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111445. [PMID: 34768875 PMCID: PMC8584185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses. Heavy metals cause serious damage to plant growth and productivity, which is a major problem for sustainable agriculture. It adversely affects plant molecular physiology and biochemistry by generating osmotic stress, ionic imbalance, oxidative stress, membrane disorganization, cellular toxicity, and metabolic homeostasis. To improve and stimulate plant tolerance to heavy metal stress, the application of biostimulants can be an effective approach without threatening the ecosystem. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a biostimulator, plant growth regulator, and antioxidant, promotes plant tolerance to heavy metal stress by improving redox and nutrient homeostasis, osmotic balance, and primary and secondary metabolism. It is important to perceive the complete and detailed regulatory mechanisms of exogenous and endogenous melatonin-mediated heavy metal-toxicity mitigation in plants to identify potential research gaps that should be addressed in the future. This review provides a novel insight to understand the multifunctional role of melatonin in reducing heavy metal stress and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Najmol Hoque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.T.-U.-A.); (M.B.)
| | - Afsana Hannan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Naima Sultana
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Shirin Akhter
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Md. Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Fahmida Akter
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Sazzad Hossain
- Department of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Abu Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Toufiq Hasan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
| | - Marián Brestič
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (M.T.-U.-A.); (M.B.)
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11
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Rajput VD, Minkina T, Kumari A, Harish, Singh VK, Verma KK, Mandzhieva S, Sushkova S, Srivastava S, Keswani C. Coping with the Challenges of Abiotic Stress in Plants: New Dimensions in the Field Application of Nanoparticles. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1221. [PMID: 34203954 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stress in plants is a crucial issue worldwide, especially heavy-metal contaminants, salinity, and drought. These stresses may raise a lot of issues such as the generation of reactive oxygen species, membrane damage, loss of photosynthetic efficiency, etc. that could alter crop growth and developments by affecting biochemical, physiological, and molecular processes, causing a significant loss in productivity. To overcome the impact of these abiotic stressors, many strategies could be considered to support plant growth including the use of nanoparticles (NPs). However, the majority of studies have focused on understanding the toxicity of NPs on aquatic flora and fauna, and relatively less attention has been paid to the topic of the beneficial role of NPs in plants stress response, growth, and development. More scientific attention is required to understand the behavior of NPs on crops under these stress conditions. Therefore, the present work aims to comprehensively review the beneficial roles of NPs in plants under different abiotic stresses, especially heavy metals, salinity, and drought. This review provides deep insights about mechanisms of abiotic stress alleviation in plants under NP application.
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12
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Feng Y, Xu J, Wu Z, Qian L, Jiang J, Chen Y. Cyclocarya paliurus for Phytomanagement of Lead-Contaminated Soils. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2021; 106:1003-1008. [PMID: 33772598 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus seedlings were cultivated in three types of lead (Pb)-contaminated soils with Pb concentration of 305 ± 17 mg/kg (T1), 1964 ± 59 mg/kg (T2) and 3502 ± 107 mg/kg (T3), respectively. The results showed that after 180 days of cultivation, the contents of exchangeable and carbonate-bound Pb fractions significantly decreased in T1 and T2, but increased in T3. The growth indices of C. paliurus seedlings decreased with increasing Pb concentration; however, no difference was found between that in T1 and in Pb-free soil. The Pb concentration in the roots was an order of magnitude higher than that in the stems and in the leaves. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of the leaves was the lowest among the three tissues investigated, and decreased with the higher concentration of Pb in the soils. These results suggest that C. paliurus can be used as a sustainable and profitable plant for the phytomanagement of Pb-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
- Institution of Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Jinghua Xu
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
- Institution of Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Ziwei Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Lianwen Qian
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
- Institution of Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Jinping Jiang
- Guangxi Scientific Experiment Center of Mining, Metallurgy and Environment, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yongshan Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
- Institution of Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
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13
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Liu Z, Guo C, Tai P, Sun L, Chen Z. The exposure of gadolinium at environmental relevant levels induced genotoxic effects in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 215:112138. [PMID: 33740487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are increasingly being used in agriculture and are also used to produce high end technological devices, thereby increasing their anthropogenic presence in the environment. However, the ecotoxicological mechanism of REEs on organisms is not fully understood. In this study, the effects of gadolinium (Gd) addition on Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) were investigated at both physiological and molecular levels. Four treatments (0, 10, 50 and 200 μmol·L-1 Gd) were used in the exposure tests. Biomass, root length and chlorophyll content in shoots/roots were measured to investigate the plant's physiological response to Gd stress. Random amplified polymorphic (RAPD)-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and methylation sensitive arbitrarily primed (MSAP)-PCR were used to investigate changes in genetic variation and DNA methylation of A. thaliana when exposed to Gd. At the physiological level, it was found that low concentration of Gd (10 μmol·L-1) could significantly increase the plant biomass and root length, while the growth of A. thaliana was significantly inhibited when exposed to 200 μmol·L-1 of Gd, yet the total soluble protein content in aerial plant parts increased significantly by 24.2% when compared to the control group. Among the 12 primers considered in the RAPD assessment, at the molecular level, only four primers revealed different patterns in their genomic DNA. Compared to the control group, the treatment with 50 μmol·L-1 of Gd was associated with lower polymorphism, while the treatment with 200 μmol·L-1 of Gd was associated with higher polymorphism. The polymorphism frequencies for the 50 μmol·L-1 of Gd and the 200 μmol·L-1 of Gd were 4.67% and 20.33%, respectively. The MSAP analysis revealed that the demethylation (D) type of Arabidopsis genomic DNA increased significantly under 10 and 50 μmol·L-1 of Gd, while the methylation (M) type was also significantly increased under 200 μmol·L-1 of Gd. Generally, the total methylation polymorphism (D+M) increased with an increase of Gd concentration. It was found that high concentrations of Gd appeared to cause DNA damage, but low concentrations of Gd (as low as 10 μmol·L-1) were associated with DNA methylation change. Further, it was verified by Real time Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) on the bands detected by the MSAP analysis, that the genes relative to processes including cell cycle, oxidative stress and apoptosis, appeared to be regulated by methylation under Gd stress. These findings reveal new insight regarding ecotoxicity mechanisms of REEs on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Liu
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Peidong Tai
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lizong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Zhenbo Chen
- Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
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14
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Ali J, Ali F, Ahmad I, Rafique M, Munis MFH, Hassan SW, Sultan T, Iftikhar M, Chaudhary HJ. Mechanistic elucidation of germination potential and growth of Sesbania sesban seedlings with Bacillus anthracis PM21 under heavy metals stress: An in vitro study. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 208:111769. [PMID: 33396087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Soils contaminated with heavy metals such as Chromium (Cr) and Cadmium (Cd) severely impede plant growth. Several rhizospheric microorganisms support plant growth under heavy metal stress. In this study, Cr and Cd stress was applied to in vitro germinating seedlings of a Legume plant species, Sesbania sesban, and investigated the plant growth potential in presence and absence of Bacillus anthracis PM21 bacterial strain under heavy metal stress. The seedlings were exposed to different concentrations of Cr (25-75 mg/L) and Cd (100-200 mg/L) in Petri plates. Growth curve analysis of B. anthracis PM21 revealed its potential to adapt Cr and Cd stress. The bacteria supported plant growth by exhibiting ACC-deaminase activity (1.57-1.75 μM of α-ketobutyrate/h/mg protein), producing Indole-3-acetic acid (99-119 μM/mL) and exopolysaccharides (2.74-2.98 mg/mL), under heavy metal stress condition. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in growth parameters between the seedlings with and without bacterial inoculation in metal stress condition. The combined Cr+Cd stress (75 + 200 mg/L) significantly reduced root length (70%), shoot length (24%), dry weight (54%) and fresh weight (57%) as compared to control. Conversely, B. anthracis PM21 inoculation to seedlings significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) seed germination percentage (5%), root length (31%), shoot length (23%) and photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophyll a: 20%; Chlorophyll b: 16% and total chlorophyll: 18%), as compared to control seedlings without B. anthracis PM21 inoculation. The B. anthracis PM21 inoculation also enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (52%), peroxidase (66%), and catalase (21%), and decreased proline content (56%), electrolyte leakage (50%), and malondialdehyde concentration (46%) in seedlings. The B. anthracis PM21 inoculated seedlings of S. sesban exhibited significantly high (p ≤ 0.05) tissue deposition of Cr (17%) and Cd (16%) as compared to their control counterparts. Findings of the study suggested that B. anthracis PM21 endured metal stress through homeostasis of antioxidant activities, and positively impacted S. sesban growth and biomass. Further experiments in controlled conditions are necessary for investigating phytoremediation potential of S. sesban in metal-contaminated soils in presence of B. anthracis PM21 bacterial strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, 61100 Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Rafique
- Department of Soil and Climate Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, The University of Haripur, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Tariq Sultan
- Soil Biology Program, Land Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iftikhar
- Soil Biology Program, Land Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
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15
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Akram W, Khan WU, Shah AA, Yasin NA, Li G. Liquiritoside Alleviated Pb Induced Stress in Brassica rapa subsp. Parachinensis: Modulations in Glucosinolate Content and Some Physiochemical Attributes. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:722498. [PMID: 34512701 PMCID: PMC8428967 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.722498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Current research was conducted to explore the effects of liquiritoside on the growth and physiochemical features of Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. parachinensis) under lead (Pb) stress. Lead stressed B. rapa plants exhibited decreased growth parameters, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents. Moreover, Pb toxicity escalated the synthesis of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), flavonoids, phenolics, and proline in treated plants. Nevertheless, foliar application of liquiritoside mitigated Pb toxicity by decreasing oxidative stress by reducing cysteine, H2O2, and MDA contents in applied plants. Liquiritoside significantly increased plant height, shoot fresh weight and dry weight, number of leaves, and marketable value of Chinese flowering cabbage plants exposed to Pb toxicity. This biotic elicitor also enhanced the proline, glutathione, total phenolics, and flavonoid contents in Chinese flowering cabbage plants exposed to Pb stress compared with the control. Additionally, total glucosinolate content, phytochelatins (PCs), and non-protein thiols were effectively increased in plants grown under Pb regimes compared with the control plants. Overall, foliar application of liquiritoside can markedly alleviate Pb stress by restricting Pb translocation in Chinese flowering cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed Akram
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Waheed Ullah Khan
- Department of Environmental Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- RO-II Office, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Nasim Ahmad Yasin,
| | - Guihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guihua Li,
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16
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Fatemi H, Esmaiel Pour B, Rizwan M. Isolation and characterization of lead (Pb) resistant microbes and their combined use with silicon nanoparticles improved the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant capacity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under Pb stress. Environ Pollut 2020; 266:114982. [PMID: 32650299 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapid global industrialization has increased the chances of toxic trace element accumulation in plants and other living things via the food chain. Thus, there is an urgent need to find suitable techniques with the aim to alleviate the stress of toxic trace elements in crops to feed the ever-increasing population with quality food. This research was based on the hypothesis that the growth traits of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) plants can be improved by the combined application of lead (Pb) resistant microbes and silicon nanoparticles (Si-NPs) under Pb stress. Two Pb-resistant strains of the microbes were isolated under different Pb concentrations, and then these strains were characterized for different traits. The strains were inoculated in the Pb-spiked (500 mg/kg) soil, and Si-NPs (1.5 mM) were foliar sprayed at different time (three times, two-week interval). The growth and stress tolerance of the plant were assessed by measuring the morphological traits, chlorophyll contents, proline, electrolyte leakage, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities of the leaves. Results demonstrated that Pb stress had significant negative impacts on all the traits of the coriander. Si-NPs application or bacterial inoculation reversed the Pb-induced toxicities in plants, which was indicated by the improved growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme activities of the plants under Pb stress. The effect of the combined use of Si-NPs and microbes was more pronounced than the treatments alone. It can be concluded that Pb-resistant microorganism and Si-NPs could effectively be used to alleviate Pb stress in coriander.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Fatemi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Behrooz Esmaiel Pour
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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17
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Chand K, Cao D, Fouad DE, Shah AH, Lakhan MN, Dayo AQ, Sagar HJ, Zhu K, Mohamed AMA. Photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles: A comparative study. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Pires-Lira MF, de Castro EM, Lira JMS, de Oliveira C, Pereira FJ, Pereira MP. Potential of Panicum aquanticum Poir. (Poaceae) for the phytoremediation of aquatic environments contaminated by lead. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 193:110336. [PMID: 32092581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic environments contaminated by lead (Pb) are a problem in many regions of world. Since Pb has high toxicity, the identification of species for phytoremediation is important for the recovery of these areas. Thus, the phytoremediation potential of Panicum aquaticum Poir. (Poaceae) was evaluated. The anatomical and physiological responses of P. aquaticum were assessed under different concentrations of Pb [0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mM of Pb(NO3)2]. Plant growth, anatomy of roots and leaves, root uptake, root to shoot translocation, and the concentration and accumulation of Pb in organs were analyzed. Regarding leaf anatomy, Pb treatment led to changes in epidermis thickness, stomatal density, stomatal diameter, and sclerenchymal area. Endoderm thickness was increased at the highest concentrations of Pb, which may be related to reduced translocation and shoot accumulation. The roots of P. aquaticum presented increased absorption (2279 μg g-1 DW-1 of Pb). In conclusion, P. aquaticum was found to have potential for the phytoremediation of areas contaminated with Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinês F Pires-Lira
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Evaristo M de Castro
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jean Marcel S Lira
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cynthia de Oliveira
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Fabrico J Pereira
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 37130-001, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcio P Pereira
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, CP 3037, 37200-000, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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19
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Zehra A, Sahito ZA, Tong W, Tang L, Hamid Y, Khan MB, Ali Z, Naqvi B, Yang X. Assessment of sunflower germplasm for phytoremediation of lead-polluted soil and production of seed oil and seed meal for human and animal consumption. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 87:24-38. [PMID: 31791497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a valuable technology for mitigating soil contamination in agricultural lands, but phytoremediation without economic revenue is unfeasible for land owners and farmers. The use of crops with high biomass and bioenergy for phytoremediation is a unique strategy to derive supplementary benefits along with remediation activities. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a high-biomass crop that can be used for the phytoremediation of polluted lands with additional advantages (biomass and oil). In this study, 40 germplasms of sunflower were screened in field conditions for phytoremediation with the possibility for oil and meal production. The study was carried out to the physiological maturity stage. All studied germplasms mopped up substantial concentrations of Pb, with maximum amounts in shoot > root > seed respectively. The phytoextraction efficiency of the germplasm was assessed in terms of the Transfer factor (TF), Metal removal efficiency (MRE) and Metal extraction ratio (MER). Among all assessed criteria, GP.8585 was found to be most appropriate for restoring moderately Pb-contaminated soil accompanied with providing high biomass and high yield production. The Pb content in the oil of GP.8585 was below the Food safety standard of China, with 59.5% oleic acid and 32.1% linoleic acid. Moreover, amino acid analysis in meal illustrated significant differences among essential and non-essential amino acids. Glutamic acid was found in the highest percentage (22.4%), whereas cysteine in the lowest percentage (1.3%). Therefore, its efficient phytoextraction ability and good quality edible oil and meal production makes GP.8585 the most convenient sunflower germplasm for phytoremediation of moderately Pb-contaminated soil, with fringe benefits to farmers and landowners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsheen Zehra
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenbin Tong
- Technical Extension Station of Soil Fertilizer and Rural Energy, Qujiang, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Khan
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zarina Ali
- Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Beena Naqvi
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Dr Salimuzzaman Road, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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20
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Jani Y, Burlakovs J, Augustsson A, Marques M, Hogland W. Physicochemical and toxicological characterization of hazardous wastes from an old glasswork dump at southeastern part of Sweden. Chemosphere 2019; 237:124568. [PMID: 31549666 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
More than 34 old glasswork sites in the southeastern part of Sweden pose a permanent threat to human and environmental health due to the presence of toxic trace elements in open dumps with glass waste. The possibility of leaching of trace elements from different fractions of the disposed waste needed to be assessed. In the present investigation, leachate from a mixture of soil and waste glass of particle sizes of less than 2 mm (given the name fine fraction) was characterized by analyzing the pH (7.3), total organic content (TOC < 2%), organic matter content (4.4%), moisture content (9.7%), chemical oxygen demand (COD, 163 mg/kg) and trace elements content, being the values in accordance to the Swedish guidelines for landfilling of inert materials. However, very high trace elements content was found in the fine fraction as well as in all colors of waste glass, whose values were compatible to hazardous waste landfill class. Tests with Lepidium sativum growing in the fine fraction as substrate revealed chronic toxicity expressed as inhibition of root biomass growth in 11 out of 15 samples. Additionally, leachate from fine fractions posed acute toxicity to genetically modified E. coli (Toxi-Chromotest). This study highlights the importance of combining physicochemical characterization with toxicity tests for both solid waste and leachate obtained from different waste fractions for proper hazardousness assessment supporting decision making on remediation demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Jani
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Linnaeus University, 39182, Kalmar, Sweden.
| | - Juris Burlakovs
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Linnaeus University, 39182, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Anna Augustsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Linnaeus University, 39182, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Marcia Marques
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University UERJ, R. São Francisco Xavier, 524, CEP 20551-013, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - William Hogland
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Linnaeus University, 39182, Kalmar, Sweden
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21
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Mallhi ZI, Rizwan M, Mansha A, Ali Q, Asim S, Ali S, Hussain A, Alrokayan SH, Khan HA, Alam P, Ahmad P. Citric Acid Enhances Plant Growth, Photosynthesis, and Phytoextraction of Lead by Alleviating the Oxidative Stress in Castor Beans. Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:plants8110525. [PMID: 31752443 PMCID: PMC6918418 DOI: 10.3390/plants8110525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) toxicity has a great impact in terms of toxicity towards living organisms as it severely affects crop growth, yield, and food security; thus, warranting appropriate measures for the remediation of Pb polluted soils. Phytoextraction of heavy metals (HMs) using tolerant plants along with organic chelators has gained global attention. Thus, this study examines the possible influence of citric acid (CA) on unveiling the potential phytoextraction of Pb by using castor beans. For this purpose, different levels of Pb (0, 300, 600 mg kg-1 of soil) and CA (0, 2.5, and 5 mM) were supplied alone and in all possible combinations. The results indicate that elevated levels of Pb (especially 600 mg kg-1 soil) induce oxidative stress, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malanodialdehyde (MDA) production in plants. The Pb stress reduces the photosynthetic traits (chlorophyll and gas exchange parameters) in the tissues of plants (leaves and roots), which ultimately lead to a reduction in growth as well as biomass. Enzyme activities such as guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase are also linearly increased in a dose-dependent manner under Pb stress. The exogenous application of CA reduced the Pb toxicity in plants by improving photosynthesis and, ultimately, plant growth. The upsurge in antioxidants against oxidative stress shows the potential of CA-treated castor beans plants to counteract stress injuries by lowering H2O2 and MDA levels. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that CA treatments play a promising role in increasing the uptake of Pb and reducing its phytotoxicity. These outcomes recommend that CA application could be an effective approach for the phytoextraction of Pb from polluted soils by growing castor beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Imran Mallhi
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (Z.I.M.); (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (Z.I.M.); (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.M.); or (S.A.)
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Sadia Asim
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (Z.I.M.); (M.R.); (A.H.)
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.M.); or (S.A.)
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (Z.I.M.); (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Salman H. Alrokayan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.A.); (H.A.K.)
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.A.); (H.A.K.)
| | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU), Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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22
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Javed MT, Habib N, Akram MS, Ali Q, Haider MZ, Tanwir K, Shauket A, Chaudhary HJ. The effect of lead pollution on nutrient solution pH and concomitant changes in plant physiology of two contrasting Solanum melongena L. cultivars. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:34633-34644. [PMID: 31654306 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is highly toxic to plants because it severely affects physiological processes by altering nutrient solution pH. The current study elucidated Pb-induced changes in nutrient solution pH and its effect on physiology of two Solanum melongena L. cultivars (cv. Chuttu and cv. VRIB-13). Plants were grown in black plastic containers having 0, 15, 20, and 25 mg L-1 PbCl2 in nutrient solutions with starting pH of 6.0. pH changes by roots of S. melongena were continuously monitored for 8 days, and harvested plants were analyzed for physiological and biochemical attributes. Time scale studies revealed that cv. Chuttu and cv. VRIB-13 responded to Pb stress by causing acidification and alkalinization of growth medium during the first 48 h, respectively. Both cultivars increased nutrient solution pH, and maximum pH rise of 1.21 units was culminated by cv. VRIB-13 at 15 mg L-1 Pb and 0.8 units by cv. Chuttu at 25 mg L-1 Pb treatment during the 8-day period. Plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, total amino acid, and total protein contents were significantly reduced by Pb stress predominantly in cv. Chuttu than cv. VRIB-13. Interestingly, chlorophyll contents of cv. VRIB-13 increased with increasing Pb levels. Pb contents of roots and shoots of both cultivars increased with applied Pb levels while nutrient (Ca, Mg, K, and Fe) contents decreased predominately in cv. Chuttu. Negative correlations were identified among Pb contents of eggplant roots and shoots and plant biomasses, leaf area, and free anthocyanin. Taken together, growth medium alkalinization, lower root to shoot Pb translocation, and optimum balance of nutrients (Mg and Fe) conferred growth enhancement, ultimately making cv. VRIB-13 auspicious for tolerating Pb toxicity as compared with cv. Chuttu. The research outcomes are important for devising metallicolous plant-associated strategies based on plant pH modulation response and associated metal uptake to remediate Pb-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq Javed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Noman Habib
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Akram
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zulqurnain Haider
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Tanwir
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asia Shauket
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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23
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Rodriguez E, Sousa M, Gomes A, Azevedo R, Mariz-Ponte N, Sario S, Mendes RJ, Santos C. Genotoxic endpoints in a Pb-accumulating pea cultivar: insights into Pb 2+ contamination limits. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:32368-32373. [PMID: 31605360 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) persists among the most hazardous contaminant metals. Pb-induced genotoxic effects remain a matter of debate as they are a major cause of plant growth impairment, but assessing Pb genotoxicity requires the selection of Pb-sensitive genotoxic biomarkers. Seedlings of the ecotoxicological model species Pisum sativum L. were exposed to Pb2+ (≤ 2000 mg L-1). Flow cytometry (FCM) revealed that 28 days after, Pb2+ arrested root cell cycle at G2 but no eu/aneuploidies were found. Comet assay and FCM-clastogenicity assays showed that Pb2+ increased DNA breaks in roots at concentrations as low as 20 mg L-1. Leaves showed no variation in DNA-ploidy or cell cycle progression but had increased DNA breaks at the highest Pb2+ dose. We conclude that both Comet assay and the full-peak coefficient of variation (FPCV) were the most relevant endpoints of Pb-phytogenotoxicity. Also, the Pb-induced DNA breaks may be related with the arrest at the G2-checkpoint. Data will be relevant to better define Pb2+ ecogenotoxicological effects and their measuring tools and may contribute to a regulatory debate of this pollutant limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleazar Rodriguez
- LBC, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Márcia Sousa
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anicia Gomes
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Azevedo
- LBC, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mariz-Ponte
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Sario
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rafael José Mendes
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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24
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Saran A, Fernandez L, Cora F, Savio M, Thijs S, Vangronsveld J, Merini LJ. Phytostabilization of Pb and Cd polluted soils using Helianthus petiolaris as pioneer aromatic plant species. Int J Phytoremediation 2019; 22:459-467. [PMID: 31602996 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1675140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The area of soils polluted with heavy metals is increasing due to industrialization and globalization. Aromatic plant species can be a suitable alternative way for agricultural valorization and phytomanagement of such soils by the commercialization of essential oils avoiding risks for the food chain. The potential of growing Helianthus petiolaris in heavy metal polluted soils was assessed in pot experiments using spiked soils and soils from a shooting range. In terms of phytostabilization, H. petiolaris could grow in soils containing 1000 mg/kg Pb2+, 50 mg/kg Cd2+, accumulating more than three times the soil Cd content in the aerial parts and translocating significant amounts of Pb to the aerial parts when growing in soils polluted with up to 500 mg/kg Pb. When phytostabilization is considered, phytotoxicity of heavy metals strongly depends on the rhizospheric microbial communities, either by mitigating trace element phytotoxicity or promoting plant growth via phytohormone production. So, the effects of heavy metals on the diversity of the rhizospheric bacterial community were assessed using DNA-fingerprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saran
- INTA, Experimental Agricultural Station, Santa Rosa, Argentina
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Limburg, Belgium
| | - L Fernandez
- INTA, Experimental Agricultural Station, Santa Rosa, Argentina
| | - F Cora
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National University of La Pampa, Santa Rosa, Argentina
| | - M Savio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, National University of La Pampa, Santa Rosa, Argentina
| | - S Thijs
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Limburg, Belgium
| | - J Vangronsveld
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Limburg, Belgium
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Plant Physiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - L J Merini
- INTA, Experimental Agricultural Station, Santa Rosa, Argentina
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25
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Srinivasan M, Venkatesan M, Arumugam V, Natesan G, Saravanan N, Murugesan S, Ramachandran S, Ayyasamy R, Pugazhendhi A. Green synthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) using Sesbania grandiflora and evaluation of toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Shi X, Wang S, Wang D, Sun H, Chen Y, Liu J, Jiang Z. Woody species Rhus chinensis Mill. seedlings tolerance to Pb: Physiological and biochemical response. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 78:63-73. [PMID: 30665657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Screening potential plant species is a crucial consideration in phytoremediation technology. Our previous study demonstrated that Rhus chinensis Mill. seedlings had potentials for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil. However, its bioaccumulation and tolerance characteristics remain unclear. Seedling growth, LMWOAs secreted by roots, Pb subcellular distribution and chemical forms, and mineral elements in R. chinensis tissues were evaluated under different Pb concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L) in culture solution at 14 days after planting. R. chinensis did not show visual symptoms of Pb toxicity under lower Pb treatments; however, Pb significantly declined the growth of seedlings under higher Pb treatments. Higher Pb stress also decreased the concentrations of nitrogen in leaves, but increased the concentrations of P and K in roots. Pb stress also decreased Mn concentrations in leaves. A great quantity of Pb was uptake and mostly retained in R. chinensis roots. Nonetheless, R. chinensis can still concentrate 459.3 and 1102.7 mg/kg Pb in leaves and stems, respectively. Most of Pb in R. chinensis tissues was stored in the cell wall with HAc-, HCl-, and NaCl-extractable form. LMWOAs secreted by R. chinensis roots showed a strong positive correlation with Pb concentrations in all plant tissues and with P in roots. Our results suggested that Pb deposited in the cell wall and integration with phosphate or oxalate might be responsible for the tolerance of R. chinensis under Pb stress in short period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shi
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shufeng Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China; Forestry College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhehot 010019, China
| | - Haijing Sun
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yitai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Zeping Jiang
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
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27
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Ozyigit II, Kaval A, Altundag Cakir E, Vardar F. DNA fingerprinting and assessment of some physiological changes in Al-induced Bryophyllum daigremontianum clones. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:2703-2711. [PMID: 30911971 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is one of the most important stress factors that reduce plant productivity in acidic soils. Present work thereby analyzed Al-induced genomic alterations in Bryophyllum daigremontianum clones using RAPD and ISSR markers, and investigated responding changes in photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a, b, a/b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid) contents and total soluble protein amounts in plant leaves. The main reason for the use of bulbiferous spurs originated clone plants was to increase reliability and acceptability of RAPD and ISSR techniques in DNA fingerprinting. Raised 40 clone plants were divided into five separate groups each with eight individuals and each experimental group was watered with 0 (control), 0 (acid control), 50, 100 and 200 µM AlCl3-containing Hoagland solutions on alternate days for two and a half months. All plant soils except control group were sprayed with 0.2% sulfuric acid following watering days and this contributed acidic characteristic (pH 4.8) to soil structure. Increase in Al concentrations were accompanied by an increase in total soluble protein amounts, a decrease in photosynthetic pigment contents, and with appearance, disappearance and intensity changes at RAPD and ISSR band profiles. Out of tested RAPD1-25 and ISSR1-15 primers, RAPD8, RAPD9, ISSR2 and ISSR7 primers produced reproducible band profiles that were distinguishable between treatment and control groups. Findings showed that RAPD and ISSR fingerprints have been useful biomarkers for investigation of plant genotoxicity, especially in clone plants. Moreover, if these fingerprints are integrated with other physiological parameters they could become more powerful tools in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ilker Ozyigit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. .,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
| | - Ali Kaval
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Ernaz Altundag Cakir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Filiz Vardar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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28
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Ranjan J, Mandal T, Mandal DD. Environmental risk appraisement of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in plant model system: Allium cepa. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:8609-8622. [PMID: 30707385 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The organic toxicants formed in chlorinated water cause potential harm to human beings, and it is extensively concentrated all over the world. Various disinfection by-products (DBPs) occur in chlorinated water are genotoxic and carcinogenic. The toxicity is major concern for chlorinated DBPs which has been present more in potable water. The purpose of the work was to evaluate genotoxic properties of DBPs in Allium cepa as a plant model system. The chromosomal aberration and DNA laddering assays were performed to examine the genotoxic effect of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA), trichloromethane (TCM), and tribromomethane (TBM) in a plant system with distinct concentrations, using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) as positive control and tap water as negative control. In Allium cepa root growth inhibition test, the inhibition was concentration dependent, and EC50 values for trichloroacetic acid (TCAA), trichloromethane (TCM), and tribromomethane (TBM) were 100 mg/L, 160 mg/L, and 120 mg/L respectively. In the chromosome aberration assay, root tip cells were investigated after 120 h exposure. The bridge formation, sticky chromosomes, vagrant chromosomes, fragmented chromosome, c-anaphase, and multipolarity chromosomal aberrations were seen in anaphase-telophase cells. It was noticed that with enhanced concentrations of DBPs, the total chromosomal aberrations were more frequent. The DNA damage was analyzed in roots of Allium cepa exposed with DBPs (TCAA, TCM, TBM) by DNA laddering. The biochemical assays such as lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and catalase were concentration dependent. The DNA interaction studies were performed to examine binding mode of TCAA, TCM, and TBM with DNAs. The DNA interaction was evaluated by spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric studies which revealed that TCAA, TCM, and TBM might interact with Calf thymus DNA (CT- DNA) by non-traditional intercalation manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Ranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | - Tamal Mandal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | - Dalia Dasgupta Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India.
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29
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Xie C, Xiong X, Huang Z, Sun L, Ma J, Cai S, Yu F, Zhong W, Chen S, Li X. Exogenous melatonin improves lead tolerance of bermudagrass through modulation of the antioxidant defense system. Int J Phytoremediation 2019; 20:1408-1417. [PMID: 30706747 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1488813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a major anthropogenic contaminant that can be devastating on both animals and plants. It is essential to develop methods to decrease the Pb contaminant in soil by phytoremediation using plants that are tolerance to Pb. In this study, we investigated the tolerance of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) and the role of exogenous application of melatonin for improving its tolerance to Pb. Bermudagrass growing in soil treated with Pb at 1,000 or 2,000 mg kg-1 were assessed with or without melatonin pretreatment at various concentrations. Under Pb stresses, bermudagrass plants showed stunted growth and increased cellular oxidative stress. Pre-treating bermudagrass plants with melatonin at 20 or 100 μM significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) and the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid and glutathione), and decreased reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide), and ultimately reduced membrane lipid peroxidation and permeability. These changes contributed to improvements in the water status, photosynthetic pigment synthesis, and biomass production of bermudagrass under Pb stresses. Our study provides the first evidence that melatonin may be a promising tool for enhancing Pb tolerance and phytoremediation potential of bermudagrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Xie
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Xi Xiong
- b Division of Plant Sciences , University of Missouri , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Zhuo Huang
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Lingxia Sun
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Shizhen Cai
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Fei Yu
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Woxiu Zhong
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
| | - Xi Li
- a College of Landscape Architecture , Sichuan Agricultural University , Wenjiang , Sichuan , P. R. China
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30
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Kumar A, Prasad MNV. Plant-lead interactions: Transport, toxicity, tolerance, and detoxification mechanisms. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 166:401-418. [PMID: 30290327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural and human activities introduced an excess level of toxic lead (Pb) to the environment. Pb has no known biological significance and its interactions with plants lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pb and/or ROS have the potential to cause phytotoxicity by damaging the tissue ultrastructure, cellular components, and biomolecules. These damaging effects may possibly result in the inhibition of normal cellular functioning, physiological reactions, and overall plant performances. ROS play a dual role and act as a signaling molecule in plant defense system. This system encircles enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative mechanisms. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and enzymes from the ascorbate-glutathione cycle are the major enzymatic antioxidants, while non-enzymatic antioxidants include phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and glutathione. Pb removal from contaminated sites using plants depend on the plant's Pb accumulation capacity, Pb-induced phytotoxicity, and tolerance and detoxification mechanisms plants adopted to combat against this phytotoxicity. However, the consolidated information discussing Pb-plant interaction including Pb uptake and its translocation within tissues, Pb-mediated phytotoxic symptoms, antioxidative mechanisms, cellular, and protein metabolisms are rather limited. Thus, we aimed to present a consolidated information and critical discussions focusing on the recent studies related to the Pb-induced toxicity and oxidative stress situations in different plants. The important functions of different antioxidants in plants during Pb stress have been reviewed. Additionally, tolerance responses and detoxification mechanisms in the plant through the regulation of gene expression, and glutathione and protein metabolisms to compete against Pb-induced phytotoxicity are also briefly discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India.
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31
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Das A, Osborne JW. Monitoring the stress resistance of Pennisetum purpureum in Pb (II) contaminated soil bioaugmented with Enterobacter cloacae as defence strategy. Chemosphere 2018; 210:495-502. [PMID: 30025367 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is reported to have negative effects on the biogeochemical behaviour of the plant growth. In recent years, the significance of rhizoremediation of heavy metals has been of great focus aiding in the development rates of plants under stressed conditions. The present study evaluated the physio-biochemical response of Pennisetum purpureum to different concentrations of Pb (II) viz., 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg kg-1 in the form of lead (II) nitrate. The pre-characterized PGPR strain, Enterobacter cloacae - KU598849 was used to augment the plants. After Pb exposure for 45 d, parameters such as plant growth, lead accumulation, H2O2 content, MDA content, protein, proline content and antioxidant enzymatic activities were quantified. Results illustrated that increasing Pb concentration reduced the early growth, metal accumulation, protein content and affected physio-biochemical changes by causing oxidative damage in plants. Upon augmentation of the bacterial inoculum, the plants significantly resisted the toxic effects of Pb. Increased Pb bioaccumulation pattern was recorded in roots than shoots, were highest uptake was found to be 72 mg kg-1 dry weight when exposed to 150 mg kg-1 Pb concentration. Lead supplementation increased the activities of malonylaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) in P. purpureum. Bacterial bioaugmentation resulted in the reduction of the oxidative stress aided with reduced antioxidant enzyme activities indicating the minimization of the damages under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Das
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jabez W Osborne
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India.
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32
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Drzeżdżon J, Jacewicz D, Chmurzyński L. The impact of environmental contamination on the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species - Consequences for plants and humans. Environ Int 2018; 119:133-151. [PMID: 29957355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals, nanomaterials, and pesticides, induce the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). Plants interact closely with the atmosphere, water, and soil, and consequently RONS intensely affect their biochemistry. For the past 30 years researchers have thoroughly examined the role of RONS in plant organisms and oxidative modifications to cellular components. Hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, nitrogen(II) oxide, and hydroxyl radicals have been found to take part in many metabolic pathways. In this review the various aspects of the oxidative stress induced by environmental contamination are described based on an analysis of literature. The review reinforces the contention that RONS play a dual role, that is, both a deleterious and a beneficial one, in plants. Environmental contamination affects human health, also, and so we have additionally described the impact of RONS on the coupled human - environment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Drzeżdżon
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jacewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Lech Chmurzyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Kaur I, Jadhav SK, Tiwari KL, Quraishi A. Lead Tolerance and its Accumulation by a Tree Legume: Dalbergia sissoo DC. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 101:506-513. [PMID: 30128727 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dalbergia sissoo DC, a leguminous tropical timber tree has been investigated against the Pb toxicity; under the Pb-stress, plant's morphology, biochemical parameters and genomic template stability (GTS) screened in vitro. At the optimum Pb tolerance level (150 mg L-1), plant's defense mechanism-superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidases and proline could trigger to achieve optimum vegetative growth with minimum fluctuations of the GTS. Further, D. sissoo roots could accumulate 2399.8 ± 16 mg kg-1 Pb. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer analysis also revealed the deposition of Pb in root tissues. In a 1 year pot experiment with Pb-contaminated soil, the plants exhibited normal growth, and Pb accumulation significantly enhanced by the amalgamation of citric acid in the soil. Thus, the tree may prove as a potential candidate for Pb phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderpal Kaur
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Shailesh K Jadhav
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - K L Tiwari
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Afaque Quraishi
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India.
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Liu X, Cao L, Zhang X, Chen J, Huo Z, Mao Y. Influence of alkyl polyglucoside, citric acid, and nitrilotriacetic acid on phytoremediation in pyrene-Pb co-contaminated soils. Int J Phytoremediation 2018; 20:1055-1061. [PMID: 30095307 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1460305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
At present, the remediation for organic pollutants and heavy metals co-contaminated soils is a challenge which needs to be broken through. In this study, alkyl polyglucoside (APG), citric acid (CA), and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) were chosen to enhance the phytoremediation of pyrene and Pb co-contaminated soils by perennial ryegrass. Through the comparison of the results with different applications, it could be found that the application of NTA was beneficial to the growth of perennial ryegrass, the underground and aboveground biomass were increased by 172.9-236.1% and 61.9-142.8%, respectively, meanwhile, photosynthetic activity of perennial ryegrass was affected positively. More importantly, the combined application of APG and NTA maximally promoted the accumulation and translocation of Pb (BF/TF, 0.44/0.61) and dissipation of pyrene (71.6%). These results indicated that the combined application of APG and NTA could be promising for future practical application of phytoremediation. However, the optimal dosage ratio of APG and NTA for phytoremediation needs to be further researched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- a Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Baoshan District, Shanghai , China
| | - Liya Cao
- a Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Baoshan District, Shanghai , China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- a Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Baoshan District, Shanghai , China
| | - Jing Chen
- a Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Baoshan District, Shanghai , China
| | - Zhuhao Huo
- a Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Baoshan District, Shanghai , China
| | - Ying Mao
- a Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Baoshan District, Shanghai , China
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Li Y, Du W, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Chen Z, Hou W, Xu S, Jiang L, Yu N. Effects of Complex Pollution of Pb and B[a]P on the Growth and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Ryegrass. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 101:86-91. [PMID: 29860533 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Effects of complex pollution of Pb and B[a]P on the growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of ryegrass were investigated in a potted soil. The results showed that under single Pb treatment condition, low-concentration (0-100 mg kg-1) Pb stimulated the increase of ryegrass biomass while high-concentration (200-400 mg kg-1) Pb obviously inhibited ryegrass growth. Under single B[a]P pollution condition, low-concentration (0-30 mg kg-1) B[a]P facilitated the growth of ryegrass while high-concentration (50-100 mg kg-1) B[a]P had toxic effect on ryegrass. Under joint impacts of Pb and B[a]P at low concentrations, biomass, chlorophyll content and carotenoid content as well as POD and CAT activities of ryegrass presented firstly rising and then descending trends, SOD accumulation increased slightly and MDA didn't experience obvious change. Under co-existence of Pb and B[a]P, Pb was the main toxic factor for ryegrass growth and it controlled the variation trend of whole growth cycle of ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110036, China.
| | - Wenwen Du
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Wei Hou
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110036, China.
| | - Sunan Xu
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Ning Yu
- The Experiment Center of Environmental Monitoring, 30A-3 Shuangyuan Road, Liaoning Province, Dongling District, Shenyang, 110031, China
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Khan MM, Islam E, Irem S, Akhtar K, Ashraf MY, Iqbal J, Liu D. Pb-induced phytotoxicity in para grass (Brachiaria mutica) and Castorbean (Ricinus communis L.): Antioxidant and ultrastructural studies. Chemosphere 2018; 200:257-265. [PMID: 29494906 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydroponics experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of Pb on Para Grass (Brachiaria mutica) and Castorbean (Ricinus communis L). Generally, Para Grass exhibited higher tolerance to excessive concentrations of Pb in nutrient solution, whereas a consistent decline was observed in growth of Castorbean plants exposed to similar Pb levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents exhibited contrasting results with a general decrease in Para Grass and a linear increase in case of Castorbean. In both species a decrease was noticed in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD) while catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased. Ultrastructural studies revealed increased starch grains and adversely affected thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts of leaf cells of plants treated with 500 μM Pb. Photosynthetic parameters such as CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) decreased in both plant species under different levels of Pb. Maximum concentrations of Pb in shoots of Para Grass and Castorbean were 1.29 and 0.352 g kg-1, respectively while in roots maximum values were 8.88 and 49.86 g kg-1, respectively. The high concentrations of Pb (about 5%) in the roots of Castorbean plants suggest its possible role in the phytoremediation/rhizofiltration of Pb contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Moman Khan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Brandenburgische Technische Universtät Cottbus - Senftenberg, Universtätsplatz 1, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Ejazul Islam
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Samra Irem
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kalsoom Akhtar
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Javed Iqbal
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Dan Liu
- Zhejiang A & F University, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination & Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China
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Sidhu GPS, Bali AS, Bhardwaj R, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. RETRACTED: Bioaccumulation and physiological responses to lead (Pb) in Chenopodium murale L. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 151:83-90. [PMID: 29310013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu
- Department of Applied Sciences, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Aditi Shreeya Bali
- Department of Botany, M.C.M. DAV College for Women, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Daizy R Batish
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar Kohli
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India; Central University of Punjab, Mansa Road, Bathinda 151001, India
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Sidhu GPS, Bali AS, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. Phytoremediation of lead by a wild, non-edible Pb accumulator Coronopus didymus (L.) Brassicaceae. Int J Phytoremediation 2018; 20:483-489. [PMID: 29020458 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1374331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronopus didymus was examined in terms of its ability to remediate Pb-contaminated soils. Pot experiments were conducted for 4 and 6 weeks to compare the growth, biomass, photosynthetic efficiency, lead (Pb) uptake, and accumulation by C. didymus plants. The plants grew well having no visible toxic symptoms and 100% survivability, exposed to different Pb-spiked soils 100, 350, 1500, and 2500 mg kg-1, supplied as lead nitrate. After 4 weeks, root and shoot concentrations reached 1652 and 502 mg Pb kg-1 DW, while after 6 weeks they increased up to 3091 and 527 mg Pb kg-1 DW, respectively, at highest Pb concentration. As compared to the 4 week experiments, the plant growth and biomass yield were higher after 6 weeks of Pb exposure. However, the chlorophyll content of leaves decreased but only a slight decline in photosynthetic efficiency was observed on exposure to Pb at both 4 and 6 weeks. The Pb accumulation was higher in roots than in the shoots. The bioconcentration factor of Pb was > 1 in all the plant samples, but the translocation factor was < 1. This suggested C. didymus as a good candidate for phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soils and can be used for future remediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harminder Pal Singh
- a Department of Environment Studies , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Daizy R Batish
- b Department of Botany , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - Ravinder Kumar Kohli
- b Department of Botany , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
- c Central University of Punjab , Mansa Road, Bathinda , India
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Javed MT, Akram MS, Habib N, Tanwir K, Ali Q, Niazi NK, Gul H, Iqbal N. Deciphering the growth, organic acid exudations, and ionic homeostasis of Amaranthus viridis L. and Portulaca oleracea L. under lead chloride stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:2958-2971. [PMID: 29147985 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) stress adversely affects in planta nutrient homeostasis and metabolism when present at elevated concentration in the surrounding media. The present study was aimed at investigation of organic acid exudations, elemental contents, growth, and lipid peroxidation in two wild plants (Amaranthus viridis L. and Portulaca oleracea L.), exhibiting differential root to shoot Pb translocation, under Pb stress. Plants were placed in soil spiked with lead chloride (PbCl2) concentrations of 0, 15, 30, 45, or 60 mg Pb/kg soil, in rhizoboxes supplied with nylon nets around the roots. The plant mucilage taken from root surfaces, mirroring the rhizospheric solution, was analyzed for various organic acids. Lead stress resulted in a release of basified root exudates from both plants. Exudates of P. oleracea roots showed a higher pH. In both plants, the pH rising effect was diminished at the highest Pb treatment level. The exudation of citric acid, glutamic acid (in both plants), and fumaric acid (in P. oleracea only) was significantly increased with applied Pb levels. In both plant species, root and shoot Pb contents increased while nutrients (Ca, Mg, and K) decreased with increasing Pb treatment levels, predominantly in A. viridis. At 60 mg Pb/kg soil, shoot Na content of A. viridis was significantly higher as compared to untreated control. Higher Pb treatment levels decreased plant fresh and dry masses as well as the quantity of photosynthetic pigments due to enhanced levels of plant H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in both species. Photosynthetic, growth, and oxidative stress parameters were grouped into three distinct dendrogram sections depending on their similarities under Pb stress. A positive correlation was identified between Pb contents of studied plants and secretion of different organic acids. It is concluded that Pb stress significantly impaired the growth of A. viridis and P. oleracea as a result of nutritional ion imbalance, and the response was cultivar-specific and dependent on exogenous applied Pb levels. Differential lipid oxidation, uptake of nutrients (Ca, Mg, and K) and exudation of citric acid, fumaric acid, and glutamic acid could serve as suitable physiological indicators for adaptations of P. oleracea to Pb enriched environment. The findings may help in devising strategies for Pb stabilization to soil colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq Javed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Sohail Akram
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Noman Habib
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Tanwir
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Huma Gul
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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Yongpisanphop J, Babel S, Kruatrachue M, Pokethitiyook P. Hydroponic Screening of Fast-growing Tree Species for Lead Phytoremediation Potential. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2017; 99:518-523. [PMID: 28823039 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using trees as phytoremediators has become a powerful tool to remediate lead from contaminated environments. This study aims to identify potential candidates among fast-growing trees by comparing their ability to tolerate and accumulate Pb. Cuttings from Acacia mangium, Azadirachta indica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Senna siamea were cultured in 25% modified Hoagland's solutions supplemented with 10, 30, and 50 mg/L Pb for 15 days. Lead concentrations were determined by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. All species showed high Pb tolerance (over 78%) and low translocation factor (<1) in all treatments. The highest Pb content in roots (>40000 mg/kg) was recorded in A. mangium and E. camaldulensis grown in 50 mg/L Pb solution. Based on high biomass, tolerance index, and Pb content in plants, A. mangium and E. camaldulensis are good candidates for phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraporn Yongpisanphop
- School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Klong Neung, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sandhya Babel
- School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Klong Neung, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
| | - Maleeya Kruatrachue
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prayad Pokethitiyook
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Sidhu GPS, Singh HP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. Appraising the role of environment friendly chelants in alleviating lead by Coronopus didymus from Pb-contaminated soils. Chemosphere 2017; 182:129-136. [PMID: 28494356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In a screenhouse experiment, we investigated the role of two environment friendly chelants, Ammonium molybdate and EDDS for Pb mobilisation and its extraction by Coronopus didymus under completely randomized controlled conditions. Seedlings of C. didymus were grown in pots having Pb-contaminated soil (1200 and 2200 mg kg-1) for 6 weeks. Plants were harvested, 1 week after the addition of A. molybdate and EDDS. Results revealed that A. molybdate and EDDS enhanced the uptake and accumulation of Pb in roots and shoots of C. didymus. At 2200 mg kg-1 Pb level, compared to Pb-alone treatment, the maximal concentration of Pb was increased upto ∼10% and ∼19%, in roots whereas ∼8% and ∼18%, respectively, in shoots on addition of 2 mmol kg-1 A. molybdate and EDDS. Additionally, Pb + EDDS treatments enhanced the plant biomass and triggered strong antioxidative response, more efficaciously than Pb + A. molybdate and Pb-alone treated plants. In this study, EDDS relative to A. molybdate was more efficient in mobilising and extracting Pb from soil. Although, EDDS followed by A. molybdate had good efficacy in mitigating Pb from contaminated soils but C. didymus itself has the inherent affinity to tolerate and accumulate Pb from contaminated soils and hence in future, can be used either alone or with some other eco-friendly amendments for soil remediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Daizy R Batish
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Li K, Lun Z, Zhao L, Zhu Q, Gu Y, Li M. Screening for Autochthonous Phytoextractors in a Heavy Metal Contaminated Coal Mining Area. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14. [PMID: 28914778 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14091068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to protect public health and crops from soil heavy metal (HM) contamination at a coal mining area in Henan, central China, HM pollution investigation and screening of autochthonous HM phytoextractors were conducted. The concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in surface soils exceeded the corresponding local background values and the China National Standard (CNS). The maximum potential ecological risk (RI) was 627.30, indicating very high ecological risk. The monomial risk of Cd contributed the most to the RI, varying from 85.48% to 96.48%. The plant community structure in the study area was simple, and was composed of 24 families, 37 genera and 40 species. B. pilosa, A. roxburghiana, A. argyi, A. hispidus were found to be the most dominant species at considerable risk sites. Based on the comprehensive analysis of Cd concentration, bioconcentration factor, translocation factor and adaptability factor, B. pilosa and A. argyi had potential for phytoextraction at considerable risk sites. A. roxburghiana had potential for Cd phytoextraction at moderately risk sites and A. hispidus seemed suitable for phytostabilization. The results could contribute to the phytoremediation of the similar sites.
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Singh N, Bhagat J, Ingole BS. Genotoxicity of two heavy metal compounds: lead nitrate and cobalt chloride in Polychaete Perinereis cultrifera. Environ Monit Assess 2017; 189:308. [PMID: 28577271 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-5993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study explores the in vivo and in vitro genotoxic effects of lead nitrate, [Pb(NO3)2] a recognized environmental pollutant and cobalt chloride (CoCl2), an emerging environmental pollutant in polychaete Perinereis cultrifera using comet assay. Despite widespread occurrence and extensive industrial applications, no previous published reports on genotoxicity of these compounds are available in polychaete as detected by comet assay. Polychaetes were exposed in vivo to Pb(NO3)2 (0, 100, 500, and 1000 μg/l) and CoCl2 (0, 100, 300, and 500 μg/l) for 5 days. At 100 μg/l Pb(NO3)2 concentration, tail DNA (TDNA) values in coelomocytes were increase by 1.16, 1.43, and 1.55-fold after day 1, day 3, and day 5, whereas, OTM showed 1.12, 2.33, and 2.10-fold increase in in vivo. Pb(NO3)2 showed a concentration and time-dependent genotoxicity whereas CoCl2 showed a concentration-dependent genotoxicity in in vivo. A concentration-dependent increase in DNA damage was observed in in vitro studies for Pb(NO3)2 and CoCl2. DNA damage at 500 μg/L showed almost threefold increase in TDNA and approximately fourfold increase in OTM as compared to control in in vitro. Our studies suggest that Pb(NO3)2 and CoCl2 have potential to cause genotoxic damage, with Pb(NO3)2 being more genotoxic in polychaete and should be used more carefully in industrial and other activities. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Singh
- Biological Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Jacky Bhagat
- Biological Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
| | - Baban S Ingole
- Biological Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
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Varun M, Ogunkunle CO, D'Souza R, Favas P, Paul M. Identification of Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. as an Efficient and Well Adapted Phytoremediation Tool for Cd Polluted Soils. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2017; 98:867-873. [PMID: 28456824 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A pot experiment was carried out to assess Cd uptake and accumulation efficiency of Sesbania sesban. Plants were grown in soil spiked with 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg/kg Cd. After 120 days, plants were harvested and analyzed for Cd content. A steady increase in Cd accumulation with increasing metal concentration in soil was observed for all treatments. Accumulation of Cd was greatest in roots (86.7 ± 6.3 mg/kg), followed by stem (18.59 ± 1.9 mg/kg), and leaf (3.16 ± 1.1 mg/kg). Chlorophyll content declined with increasing Cd concentration, while proline and protein content increased as compared to control. At higher Cd levels, root, shoot length, and biomass were all significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.001). An increase in total protein along with greater A250/A280 value suggested an increase in metal-protein complexes. Considering the rapid growth, high biomass, accumulation efficiency, and adaptive properties, this plant could be used as a valuable tool for the phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Varun
- Department of Botany, St. John's College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282 002, India.
| | - Clement O Ogunkunle
- Environmental Biology Unit, Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 240003, Nigeria
| | - Rohan D'Souza
- Department of Botany, St. John's College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282 002, India
| | - Paulo Favas
- School of Life Sciences and the Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manoj Paul
- Department of Botany, St. John's College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282 002, India
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Ashraf U, Hussain S, Anjum SA, Abbas F, Tanveer M, Noor MA, Tang X. Alterations in growth, oxidative damage, and metal uptake of five aromatic rice cultivars under lead toxicity. Plant Physiol Biochem 2017; 115:461-471. [PMID: 28494393 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) affects plant growth and its related physio-biochemical functions negatively. The present study investigated the responses of five different fragrant rice cultivars viz., Meixiangzhan (MXZ-2), Xiangyaxiangzhan (XYXZ), Guixiangzhan (GXZ), Basmati-385 (B-385), and Nongxiang-18 (NX-18) to four different Pb concentrations viz., 0, 400, 800 and 1200 μM. Results depicted that Pb toxicity significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the plant height, tillering ability and biomass accumulation by causing oxidative damage to rice plants; nonetheless, a significant variation was found in the sensitivity of rice cultivars to Pb toxicity. Soluble sugars increased significantly only at 1200 μM in GXZ and 800 μM in B-385, whilst the maximum reductions in protein contents were observed at 1200 μM Pb for all rice cultivars. Proline contents were reduced for XYXZ and NX-18 at Pb1200 μM. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) showed differential behavior among Pb treatments and rice cultivars. Among rice cultivars, GXZ showed better antioxidative defense system under Pb toxicity compared with all other cultivars. For all rice cultivars, the trend for Pb accumulation was recorded as: roots > stems > leaves. Furthermore, significant but negative correlations among Pb uptake and plant height (r = -0.79), tillers per plant (r = -0.91) and plant dry biomass (r = -0.81) were recorded for all rice cultivars whereas the values of translocation factor (TF) from stems to leaves were higher than roots to stems. In sum, Pb reduced the early growth and caused physio-biochemical changes in all rice cultivars, nonetheless, GXZ proved better able to tolerate Pb stress than all other rice cultivars under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Ashraf
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture PR China, Guangzhou, 510642 PR China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Ahmad Anjum
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040 Pakistan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- The Research Centre for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Mehmood Ali Noor
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture PR China, Guangzhou, 510642 PR China.
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Chen J, Shafi M, Guo J, Wang Y, Wu J, Ye Z, He L, Liu D. Effect of lead (Pb) on antioxidation system and accumulation ability of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 138:71-77. [PMID: 28012367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidation system and accumulation ability of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), which is a valuable remediation material with large biomass and rapid growth rate were studied in hydroponics and pot experiments. In hydroponics experiment, TBARS concentrations and SOD activities decreased with increase of Pb treatments. The activities of POD boost up with elevated Pb treatments, and reached peak level with application of 400μM Pb. Proline concentrations reduced with application of 20μM Pb and then enhanced consistently with application of 100 and 400μM Pb. The biomass of Moso bamboo improved with increase of Pb treatments upto 400mgkg-1, and then decreased with application of each additional increment of Pb in pot experiment. Application of 800mgkg-1 Pb showed significant increase of photosynthetic pigments, however, non significant variation was observed for other treatments. The Pb concentration in roots, stems and leaves attained 523mgkg-1, 303mgkg-1 and 222mgkg-1 respectively with application of 1600mgkg-1 Pb compared with control. Analysis of TEM-EDX revealed that Pb in cell was mostly concentrated in cytoplasm then in cell wall and followed by vacuole. It is concluded that Moso bamboo may be potential remediation species for phytoremediation in low Pb contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junren Chen
- Zhejiang A & F University, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, The Key Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, PR China; Zhejiang Resource Development Group Co., Ltd., 311300, PR China
| | | | - Jia Guo
- Zhejiang Chengbang Landscape Co., Ltd, 311300, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Zhejiang A & F University, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, The Key Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Jiasen Wu
- Zhejiang A & F University, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, The Key Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Zhengqian Ye
- Zhejiang A & F University, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, The Key Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Lizhi He
- Zhejiang A & F University, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, The Key Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Zhejiang A & F University, Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, The Key Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, PR China; MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, 311300, PR China.
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Silva S, Silva P, Oliveira H, Gaivão I, Matos M, Pinto-Carnide O, Santos C. Pb low doses induced genotoxicity in Lactuca sativa plants. Plant Physiol Biochem 2017; 112:109-116. [PMID: 28064118 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil and water contamination by lead (Pb) remains a topic of great concern, particularly regarding crop production. The admissible Pb values in irrigation water in several countries range from ≈0.1 to ≈5 mg L-1. In order to evaluate putative effects of Pb within legal doses on crops growth, we exposed Lactuca sativa seeds and seedlings to increasing doses of Pb(NO3)2 up to 20 mg L-1. The OECD parameter seed germination and seedling/plant growth were not affected by any of the Pb-concentrations used. However, for doses higher than 5 mg L-1 significant DNA damage was detected: Comet assay detected DNA fragmentation at ≥ 5 mg L-1 and presence of micronuclei (MN) were detected for 20 mg L-1. Also, cell cycle impairment was observed for doses as low as 0.05 mg L-1 and 0.5 mg L-1 (mostly G2 arrest). Our data show that for the low doses of Pb used, the OECD endpoints were not able to detect toxicity, while more sensitive endpoints (related with DNA damage and mitotic/interphase disorders) identified genotoxic and cytostatic effects. Furthermore, the nature of the genotoxic effect was dependent on the concentration. Finally, we recommend that MN test and the comet assay should be included as sensitive endpoints in (eco)toxicological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Silva
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - P Silva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - H Oliveira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I Gaivão
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) and Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M Matos
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - O Pinto-Carnide
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) & Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Apartado 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - C Santos
- Department of Biology & GreenUP-CitabUP, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Venkatachalam P, Jayalakshmi N, Geetha N, Sahi SV, Sharma NC, Rene ER, Sarkar SK, Favas PJC. Accumulation efficiency, genotoxicity and antioxidant defense mechanisms in medicinal plant Acalypha indica L. under lead stress. Chemosphere 2017; 171:544-553. [PMID: 28039833 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to assess the physiological and biochemical changes in roots and shoots of the herb Acalypha indica grown under hydroponic conditions during exposure to lead (Pb) (100-500 mg L-1) for 1-12 d. The accumulation of Pb by A. indica plants was found to be 121.6 and 17.5 mg g-1 dry weight (DW) in roots and shoots, respectively, when exposed to a Pb concentration of 500 mg L-1. The presence of Pb ions in stem, root and leaf tissues was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses. Concerning the activity of antioxidant enzymes, viz., peroxidase (POX) catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), they were induced at various regimes during 5, 8 and 12 d of Pb exposure in both the leaves and roots than untreated controls. Lead treatment increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in both the leaf and root tissues over control, irrespective of the duration of exposure. Anew, it was observed that Pb treatments induced variations in the number and intensity of protein bands. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) results show that the Pb treatment caused genotoxicity on DNA molecules as evidenced by the amplification of new bands and the absence of normal DNA amplicons in treated plants. Results confirm that A. indica is a Pb accumulator species, and the antioxidants might play a crucial role in the detoxification of Pb-induced toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perumal Venkatachalam
- Periyar University, Department of Biotechnology, Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Lab, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Narayanan Jayalakshmi
- Periyar University, Department of Biotechnology, Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Lab, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natesan Geetha
- Bharathiar University, Department of Botany, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shivendra V Sahi
- Western Kentucky University, Department of Biology, Bowling Green, KY, 42101, USA
| | - Nilesh C Sharma
- Western Kentucky University, Department of Biology, Bowling Green, KY, 42101, USA
| | - Eldon R Rene
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Department of Environmental Engineering & Water Technology, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Santosh K Sarkar
- University of Calcutta, Department of Marine Science, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Paulo J C Favas
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Pistelli L, D'Angiolillo F, Morelli E, Basso B, Rosellini I, Posarelli M, Barbafieri M. Response of spontaneous plants from an ex-mining site of Elba island (Tuscany, Italy) to metal(loid) contamination. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:7809-7820. [PMID: 28130721 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The release of large amounts of toxic metals in the neighboring sites of abandoned mine areas represents an important environmental risk for the ecosystem, because it adversely affects soil, water, and plant growth. The aim of the present study was to investigate the metal(loid) (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) contents of native Mediterranean plants grown on the ex-mining area of Elba island (Italy), with the prospective of its recovery by further phytoremediation technology. Soil samples were collected and characterized for metal(loid) content in total and potentially available (EDTA-extractable) fractions. Arsenic was particularly high, being 338 and 2.1 mg kg-1 as total and available fractions, respectively. Predominant native species, namely Dittrichia viscosa L. Greuter, Cistus salviifolius L., Lavandula stoechas L., and Bituminaria bituminosa L., were analyzed for metal content in the different plant organs. D. viscosa exhibited the highest metal(loid) content in the leaves and the singular behavior of translocating arsenic to the leaves (transfer factor about 2.06 and mean bioconcentration factor about 12.48). To assess the healthy status of D. viscosa plants, the leaves were investigated further. The activities of the main antioxidant enzymes and the levels of secondary metabolites linked to oxidative stress in plants from the ex-mining area were not significantly different from those of control plants, except for a lower content of carotenoids, indicating that native plants were adapted to grow in these polluted soils. These results indicate that D. viscosa can be suitable for the revegetation of highly metal-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pistelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Agro-Ambientali, Università di Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca D'Angiolillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Agro-Ambientali, Università di Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Basso
- Istituto di Biofisica, CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Irene Rosellini
- Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi, CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mauro Posarelli
- Dipartimento Tecnologie Energetiche, ENEA, via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Meri Barbafieri
- Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi, CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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50
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Venkatachalam P, Jayaraj M, Manikandan R, Geetha N, Rene ER, Sharma NC, Sahi SV. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) alleviate heavy metal-induced toxicity in Leucaena leucocephala seedlings: A physiochemical analysis. Plant Physiol Biochem 2017; 110:59-69. [PMID: 27622846 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) in reversing oxidative stress symptoms induced by heavy metal (Cd and Pb) exposure in Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. Seedling growth was significantly enhanced with the augmentation of ZnONPs following Cd and Pb exposure. Heavy metal accumulations were recorded as 1253.1 mg Cd per kg DW and 1026.8 mg Pb per kg DW for the respective treatments. Results demonstrated that ZnONPs augmentation caused an increase in photosynthetic pigment and total soluble protein contents while a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA-lipid peroxidation) content in leaves. Antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) were, in turn, elevated in heavy metal-exposed leaves amended with ZnONPs. The ameliorating effect of ZnO nanoparticles on oxidative stress induced toxicity was also confirmed by the reduced MDA content and the elevated level of antioxidative enzyme activities in leaf tissues of L. leucocephala seedlings. Further, addition of ZnONPs in combination with Cd and Pb metals induced distinct genomic alterations such as presence of new DNA bands and/or absence of normal bands in the RAPD pattern of the exposed plants. This study uniquely suggests a potential role of zinc oxide nanoparticles in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated media.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Venkatachalam
- Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, PeriyarPalkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M Jayaraj
- Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, PeriyarPalkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Manikandan
- Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, PeriyarPalkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Geetha
- Department of Biotechnology, Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, 624 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - N C Sharma
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA
| | - S V Sahi
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA
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