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Yazdanpanah Z, Salehi-Abargouei A, Mollahosseini M, Sheikhha MH, Mirzaei M, Mozaffari-Khosravi H. The cluster of differentiation 36 ( CD36) rs1761667 polymorphism interacts with dietary patterns to affect cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome risk in apparently healthy individuals. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1510-1520. [PMID: 36927543 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have examined the association between CD36 rs1761667 polymorphism with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to investigate the interactions between rs1761667 polymorphism and dietary patterns on the cardiometabolic risk factors and the risk of MetS in apparently healthy individuals aged 20-70 years. Food consumption data were acquired using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. CD36 rs1761667 was genotyped by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The gene-diet interaction was detected by the general linear model or logistic regression. Significant or marginally significant interactions were observed between healthy dietary pattern (HDP) and CD36 rs1761667 on weight (P = 0·006), BMI (P = 0·009), waist circumference (P = 0·005), hip circumference (P = 0·06), body muscle percentage (P = 0·02), body fat percentage (P = 0·09), TAG-glucose index (P = 0·057), atherogenic index of plasma (P = 0·07), the risk of MetS (P = 0·02), risk of abdominal obesity (P = 0·02) and elevated blood pressure (P = 0·07). Besides, a gene-diet interaction was detected between the traditional dietary pattern and rs1761667 variants on odds of hypertriglyceridaemia (P = 0·02). The adherence to HDP was associated with a lower weight, BMI and higher odds of HDL-cholesterol only in A-allele carriers. In conclusion, adherence to HDP (a diet with high fibre, fish and dairy products) can be more effective on some cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of MetS components in the A-allele carrier than the GG genotype of rs1761667 polymorphism. However, future studies are required to shed light on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Yazdanpanah
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Non-communicable Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mollahosseini
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Non-communicable Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Landry MJ, Ward CP, Cunanan KM, Durand LR, Perelman D, Robinson JL, Hennings T, Koh L, Dant C, Zeitlin A, Ebel ER, Sonnenburg ED, Sonnenburg JL, Gardner CD. Cardiometabolic Effects of Omnivorous vs Vegan Diets in Identical Twins: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2344457. [PMID: 38032644 PMCID: PMC10690456 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.44457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Increasing evidence suggests that, compared with an omnivorous diet, a vegan diet confers potential cardiovascular benefits from improved diet quality (ie, higher consumption of vegetables, legumes, fruits, whole grains, nuts, and seeds). Objective To compare the effects of a healthy vegan vs healthy omnivorous diet on cardiometabolic measures during an 8-week intervention. Design, Setting, and Participants This single-center, population-based randomized clinical trial of 22 pairs of twins (N = 44) randomized participants to a vegan or omnivorous diet (1 twin per diet). Participant enrollment began March 28, 2022, and continued through May 5, 2022. The date of final follow-up data collection was July 20, 2022. This 8-week, open-label, parallel, dietary randomized clinical trial compared the health impact of a vegan diet vs an omnivorous diet in identical twins. Primary analysis included all available data. Intervention Twin pairs were randomized to follow a healthy vegan diet or a healthy omnivorous diet for 8 weeks. Diet-specific meals were provided via a meal delivery service from baseline through week 4, and from weeks 5 to 8 participants prepared their own diet-appropriate meals and snacks. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was difference in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration from baseline to end point (week 8). Secondary outcome measures were changes in cardiometabolic factors (plasma lipids, glucose, and insulin levels and serum trimethylamine N-oxide level), plasma vitamin B12 level, and body weight. Exploratory measures were adherence to study diets, ease or difficulty in following the diets, participant energy levels, and sense of well-being. Results A total of 22 pairs (N = 44) of twins (34 [77.3%] female; mean [SD] age, 39.6 [12.7] years; mean [SD] body mass index, 25.9 [4.7]) were enrolled in the study. After 8 weeks, compared with twins randomized to an omnivorous diet, the twins randomized to the vegan diet experienced significant mean (SD) decreases in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (-13.9 [5.8] mg/dL; 95% CI, -25.3 to -2.4 mg/dL), fasting insulin level (-2.9 [1.3] μIU/mL; 95% CI, -5.3 to -0.4 μIU/mL), and body weight (-1.9 [0.7] kg; 95% CI, -3.3 to -0.6 kg). Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial of the cardiometabolic effects of omnivorous vs vegan diets in identical twins, the healthy vegan diet led to improved cardiometabolic outcomes compared with a healthy omnivorous diet. Clinicians can consider this dietary approach as a healthy alternative for their patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05297825.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Landry
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
- Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine
| | - Catherine P. Ward
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Kristen M. Cunanan
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Lindsay R. Durand
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Dalia Perelman
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Jennifer L. Robinson
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Tayler Hennings
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Linda Koh
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Christopher Dant
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Amanda Zeitlin
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Emily R. Ebel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Erica D. Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Justin L. Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California
- Center for Human Microbiome Studies, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Christopher D. Gardner
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
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Pledger SL, Ahmadizar F. Gene-environment interactions and the effect on obesity risk in low and middle-income countries: a scoping review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1230445. [PMID: 37664850 PMCID: PMC10474324 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1230445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity represents a major and preventable global health challenge as a complex disease and a modifiable risk factor for developing other non-communicable diseases. In recent years, obesity prevalence has risen more rapidly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared to high-income countries (HICs). Obesity traits are shown to be modulated by an interplay of genetic and environmental factors such as unhealthy diet and physical inactivity in studies from HICs focused on populations of European descent; however, genetic heterogeneity and environmental differences prevent the generalisation of study results to LMICs. Primary research investigating gene-environment interactions (GxE) on obesity in LMICs is limited but expanding. Synthesis of current research would provide an overview of the interactions between genetic variants and environmental factors that underlie the obesity epidemic and identify knowledge gaps for future studies. Methods Three databases were searched systematically using a combination of keywords such as "genes", "obesity", "LMIC", "diet", and "physical activity" to find all relevant observational studies published before November 2022. Results Eighteen of the 1,373 articles met the inclusion criteria, of which one was a genome-wide association study (GWAS), thirteen used a candidate gene approach, and five were assigned as genetic risk score studies. Statistically significant findings were reported for 12 individual SNPs; however, most studies were small-scale and without replication. Conclusion Although the results suggest significant GxE interactions on obesity in LMICs, updated robust statistical techniques with more precise and standardised exposure and outcome measurements are necessary for translatable results. Future research should focus on improved quality replication efforts, emphasising large-scale and long-term longitudinal study designs using multi-ethnic GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia L. Pledger
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Julius Global Health, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Fariba Ahmadizar
- Department of Data Science and Biostatistics, Julius Global Health, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Sekar P, Ventura EF, Dhanapal ACTA, Cheah ESG, Loganathan A, Quen PL, Appukutty M, Taslim NA, Hardinsyah H, Md Noh MF, Lovegrove JA, Givens I, Vimaleswaran KS. Gene-Diet Interactions on Metabolic Disease-Related Outcomes in Southeast Asian Populations: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2948. [PMID: 37447274 PMCID: PMC10346616 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and obesity are chronic diseases that are a burden to low- and middle-income countries. We conducted this systematic review to understand gene-diet interactions affecting the Southeast Asian population's risk of obesity and diabetes. The literature search was performed on Google Scholar and MEDLINE (PubMed) search engines independently by four reviewers who evaluated the eligibility of articles based on inclusion criteria. Out of 19,031 articles, 20 articles examining gene-diet interactions on obesity and/or diabetes-related traits met the inclusion criteria. Three (Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore) out of eleven Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries have conducted studies on gene-diet interactions on obesity and diabetes. From the 20 selected articles, the most common interactions were observed between macronutrients and genetic risk score (GRS) on metabolic disease-related traits in the Malay, Chinese, and Indian ethnicities. Overall, we identified 29 significant gene-diet interactions in the Southeast Asian population. The results of this systematic review demonstrate ethnic-specific gene-nutrient interactions on metabolic-disease-related traits in the Southeast Asian population. This is the first systematic review to explore gene-diet interactions on obesity and diabetes in the Southeast Asian population and further research using larger sample sizes is required for better understanding and framing nutrigenetic approaches for personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Sekar
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (P.S.); (E.F.V.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Eduard Flores Ventura
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (P.S.); (E.F.V.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Anto Cordelia T. A. Dhanapal
- Centre for Biomedical and Nutrition Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia; (A.C.T.A.D.); (E.S.G.C.); (A.L.); (P.L.Q.)
| | - Eddy Seong Guan Cheah
- Centre for Biomedical and Nutrition Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia; (A.C.T.A.D.); (E.S.G.C.); (A.L.); (P.L.Q.)
| | - Annaletchumy Loganathan
- Centre for Biomedical and Nutrition Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia; (A.C.T.A.D.); (E.S.G.C.); (A.L.); (P.L.Q.)
| | - Phoon Lee Quen
- Centre for Biomedical and Nutrition Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia; (A.C.T.A.D.); (E.S.G.C.); (A.L.); (P.L.Q.)
| | - Mahenderan Appukutty
- Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia;
- Nutrition Society of Malaysia, Jalan PJS 1/48 off Jalan Klang Lama, Petaling Jaya 46150, Malaysia
| | - Nurpudji Astuti Taslim
- Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia;
| | - Hardinsyah Hardinsyah
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Mohd Fairulnizal Md Noh
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (P.S.); (E.F.V.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Ian Givens
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK;
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (P.S.); (E.F.V.); (J.A.L.)
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK;
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Zheng J, Li J, Pei T, Zhu T, Li X, Wang H. Bidirectional associations and a causal mediation analysis between depressive symptoms and chronic digestive diseases: A longitudinal investigation. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:278-289. [PMID: 37105468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic digestive diseases (CDDs) and depression shared major pathogeneses. We aimed to prospectively examine the bidirectional incidence associations between depressive symptoms and CDDs and explore biologically and behaviorally relevant mediators in the bidirectional associations. METHODS Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine baseline depressive symptoms in relation to incident CDDs among 10,974 adults and the relation of baseline CDDs with new-onset elevated depressive symptoms among 7489 participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study of nationally representative middle-aged and older adults. Elevated depressive symptoms were defined as the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D-10) score at or higher than 10 and CDDs (except for tumor and cancer) were determined by self-reported physician diagnoses. Causal mediation analysis was performed to assess the mediated effects of a priori selected blood biomarkers and lifestyle factors in the bidirectional associations. RESULTS Prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms and nonmalignant CDDs at baseline was 33.05 % and 17.8 % respectively. During a mean of 5.47 years of follow-up, elevated depressive symptoms significantly increased hazard of CDDs by 1.66 folds (95%CI = 1.49-1.84). Having CDDs at baseline was associated with a 27 % (95%CI = 16 %-39 %) increased hazard of developing elevated depressive symptoms. Shorter sleeping duration at night nominally significantly mediated 8.76 % of the association between depressive symptoms and incident CDDs while no significant mediators were identified in the converse association. LIMITATIONS Limited mediator information and inadequately long follow-up may reduce chance of identifying significant mediators. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms and CDDs were mutual independent risk factors. Early screening and management of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance are suggested in the prevention of CDDs and related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jingmeng Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tianduo Pei
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tianren Zhu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Wuni R, Ventura EF, Curi-Quinto K, Murray C, Nunes R, Lovegrove JA, Penny M, Favara M, Sanchez A, Vimaleswaran KS. Interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes in Latin American and Caribbean populations: A systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1067033. [PMID: 36776603 PMCID: PMC9909204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1067033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases has increased in Latin American and the Caribbean populations (LACP). To identify gene-lifestyle interactions that modify the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in LACP, a systematic search using 11 search engines was conducted up to May 2022. Methods Eligible studies were observational and interventional studies in either English, Spanish, or Portuguese. A total of 26,171 publications were screened for title and abstract; of these, 101 potential studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 74 articles were included in this study following full-text screening and risk of bias assessment. The Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool were used to assess the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies. Results We identified 122 significant interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic traits and the vast majority of studies come from Brazil (29), Mexico (15) and Costa Rica (12) with FTO, APOE, and TCF7L2 being the most studied genes. The results of the gene-lifestyle interactions suggest effects which are population-, gender-, and ethnic-specific. Most of the gene-lifestyle interactions were conducted once, necessitating replication to reinforce these results. Discussion The findings of this review indicate that 27 out of 33 LACP have not conducted gene-lifestyle interaction studies and only five studies have been undertaken in low-socioeconomic settings. Most of the studies were cross-sectional, indicating a need for longitudinal/prospective studies. Future gene-lifestyle interaction studies will need to replicate primary research of already studied genetic variants to enable comparison, and to explore the interactions between genetic and other lifestyle factors such as those conditioned by socioeconomic factors and the built environment. The protocol has been registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42022308488. Systematic review registration https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier CRD420223 08488.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Eduard F Ventura
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Claudia Murray
- Department of Real Estate and Planning, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Nunes
- Department of Real Estate and Planning, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Penny
- Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru
| | - Marta Favara
- Oxford Department of International Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Sanchez
- Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE), Lima, Peru
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Dhanapal ACTA, Wuni R, Ventura EF, Chiet TK, Cheah ESG, Loganathan A, Quen PL, Appukutty M, Noh MFM, Givens I, Vimaleswaran KS. Implementation of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics Research and Training Activities for Developing Precision Nutrition Strategies in Malaysia. Nutrients 2022; 14:5108. [PMID: 36501140 PMCID: PMC9740135 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional epidemiological studies show a triple burden of malnutrition with disparate prevalence across the coexisting ethnicities in Malaysia. To tackle malnutrition and related conditions in Malaysia, research in the new and evolving field of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics is essential. As part of the Gene-Nutrient Interactions (GeNuIne) Collaboration, the Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics Research and Training Unit (N2RTU) aims to solve the malnutrition paradox. This review discusses and presents a conceptual framework that shows the pathway to implementing and strengthening precision nutrition strategies in Malaysia. The framework is divided into: (1) Research and (2) Training and Resource Development. The first arm collects data from genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, gut microbiome, and phenotypic and lifestyle factors to conduct nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, and nutri-epigenetic studies. The second arm is focused on training and resource development to improve the capacity of the stakeholders (academia, healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the food industry) to utilise the findings generated by research in their respective fields. Finally, the N2RTU framework foresees its applications in artificial intelligence and the implementation of precision nutrition through the action of stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anto Cordelia T. A. Dhanapal
- Centre for Biomedical and Nutrition Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Eduard F. Ventura
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Teh Kuan Chiet
- Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Eddy S. G. Cheah
- Centre for Biomedical and Nutrition Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Annaletchumy Loganathan
- Centre for Biomedical and Nutrition Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Phoon Lee Quen
- Centre for Biomedical and Nutrition Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Mahenderan Appukutty
- Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia
- Nutrition Society of Malaysia, Jalan PJS 1/48 off Jalan Klang Lama, Petaling Jaya 46150, Malaysia
| | - Mohd F. M. Noh
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Ian Givens
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
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Wuni R, Lakshmipriya N, Abirami K, Ventura EF, Anjana RM, Sudha V, Shobana S, Unnikrishnan R, Krishnaswamy K, Vimaleswaran KS, Mohan V. Higher Intake of Dairy Is Associated with Lower Cardiometabolic Risks and Metabolic Syndrome in Asian Indians. Nutrients 2022; 14:3699. [PMID: 36145074 PMCID: PMC9503034 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence about the association between dairy products and cardiometabolic risk (CMR). We aimed to assess the association of total dairy intake with CMR factors and to investigate the association of unfermented and fermented dairy intake with CMR in Asian Indians who are known to have greater susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases compared to white Europeans. The study comprised 1033 Asian Indian adults with normal glucose tolerance chosen from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated open-ended semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed based on the new harmonising criteria using central obesity, dyslipidaemia [low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and increased serum triglycerides (TG)], hypertension and glucose intolerance. Increased consumption of dairy (≥5 cups per day of total, ≥4 cups per day of unfermented or ≥2 cups per day of fermented dairy) was associated with a lower risk of high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [hazards ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68, 0.48−0.96 for total dairy; 0.57, 0.34−0.94 for unfermented dairy; and 0.64, 0.46−0.90 for fermented dairy; p < 0.05 for all] compared to a low dairy intake (≤1.4 cups per day of total dairy; ≤1 cup per day of unfermented dairy; and ≤0.1 cup per day of fermented dairy). A total dairy intake of ≥5 cups per day was also protective against high blood pressure (BP) (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43−0.99, p < 0.05), low HDL (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43−0.92, p < 0.05) and MS (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51−0.98, p < 0.05) compared to an intake of ≤1.4 cups per day. A high unfermented dairy intake (≥4 cups per day) was also associated with a lower risk of high body mass index (BMI) (HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.31−0.88, p < 0.05) compared to a low intake (≤1 cup per day), while a reduced risk of MS was observed with a fermented dairy intake of ≥2 cups per day (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51−0.98, p < 0.05) compared to an intake of ≤0.1 cup per day. In summary, increased consumption of dairy was associated with a lower risk of MS and components of CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Nagarajan Lakshmipriya
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Kuzhandaivelu Abirami
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Eduard Flores Ventura
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Shanmugam Shobana
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Ranjit Unnikrishnan
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Kamala Krishnaswamy
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
- The Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Chennai 600086, India
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9
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Alathari BE, Nyakotey DA, Bawah AM, Lovegrove JA, Annan RA, Ellahi B, Vimaleswaran KS. Interactions between Vitamin D Genetic Risk and Dietary Factors on Metabolic Disease-Related Outcomes in Ghanaian Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:2763. [PMID: 35807945 PMCID: PMC9269445 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ghanaian population is experiencing an upsurge in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) due to rapid urbanization. Besides dietary factors, vitamin D-related genetic determinants have also been shown to contribute to the development of obesity and T2D. Hence, we aimed to examine the interactions between dietary factors and vitamin D-related genetic variants on obesity and T2D related outcomes in a Ghanaian population. Three hundred and two healthy Ghanaian adults (25-60 years old) from Oforikrom, Municipality in Kumasi, Ghana were randomly recruited and had genetic tests, dietary consumption analysis, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements of glucose, HbA1c, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides taken. A significant interaction was identified between vitamin D-GRS and fiber intake (g/day) on BMI (pinteraction = 0.020) where those who were consuming low fiber (≤16.19 g/d) and carrying more than two risk alleles for vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.01) had a significantly higher BMI. In addition, an interaction between vitamin D-GRS and fat intake (g/day) on HbA1c (total fat, pinteraction = 0.029) was found, where participants who had a lower total fat intake (≤36.5 g/d), despite carrying more than two risk alleles, had significantly lower HbA1c (p = 0.049). In summary, our study has identified novel gene-diet interactions of vitamin D-GRS with dietary fiber and fat intakes on metabolic traits in Ghanaian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buthaina E. Alathari
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, P.O. Box 14281, AlFaiha 72853, Kuwait
| | - David A. Nyakotey
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Accra Road, Kumasi GH233, Ghana; (D.A.N.); (A.-M.B.); (R.A.A.)
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Abdul-Malik Bawah
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Accra Road, Kumasi GH233, Ghana; (D.A.N.); (A.-M.B.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Julie A. Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Reginald A. Annan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Accra Road, Kumasi GH233, Ghana; (D.A.N.); (A.-M.B.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Basma Ellahi
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Riverside Campus, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK;
| | - Karani S. Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
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10
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Wuni R, Adela Nathania E, Ayyappa AK, Lakshmipriya N, Ramya K, Gayathri R, Geetha G, Anjana RM, Kuhnle GGC, Radha V, Mohan V, Sudha V, Vimaleswaran KS. Impact of Lipid Genetic Risk Score and Saturated Fatty Acid Intake on Central Obesity in an Asian Indian Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:2713. [PMID: 35807893 PMCID: PMC9269337 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in lipid metabolism have been linked to the development of obesity. We used a nutrigenetic approach to establish a link between lipids and obesity in Asian Indians, who are known to have a high prevalence of central obesity and dyslipidaemia. A sample of 497 Asian Indian individuals (260 with type 2 diabetes and 237 with normal glucose tolerance) (mean age: 44 ± 10 years) were randomly chosen from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire. A genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed based on cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) genetic variants. There was a significant interaction between GRS and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake on waist circumference (WC) (Pinteraction = 0.006). Individuals with a low SFA intake (≤23.2 g/day), despite carrying ≥2 risk alleles, had a smaller WC compared to individuals carrying <2 risk alleles (Beta = −0.01 cm; p = 0.03). For those individuals carrying ≥2 risk alleles, a high SFA intake (>23.2 g/day) was significantly associated with a larger WC than a low SFA intake (≤23.2 g/day) (Beta = 0.02 cm, p = 0.02). There were no significant interactions between GRS and other dietary factors on any of the measured outcomes. We conclude that a diet low in SFA might help reduce the genetic risk of central obesity confirmed by CETP and LPL genetic variants. Conversely, a high SFA diet increases the genetic risk of central obesity in Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
| | - Evelyn Adela Nathania
- Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, JI. Pulomas Barat Kav. 88, Jakarta Timur 13210, Indonesia;
| | - Ashok K. Ayyappa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Nagarajan Lakshmipriya
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Kandaswamy Ramya
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Rajagopal Gayathri
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Gunasekaran Geetha
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Gunter G. C. Kuhnle
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
| | - Venkatesan Radha
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
- The Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
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11
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Wade KH, Yarmolinsky J, Giovannucci E, Lewis SJ, Millwood IY, Munafò MR, Meddens F, Burrows K, Bell JA, Davies NM, Mariosa D, Kanerva N, Vincent EE, Smith-Byrne K, Guida F, Gunter MJ, Sanderson E, Dudbridge F, Burgess S, Cornelis MC, Richardson TG, Borges MC, Bowden J, Hemani G, Cho Y, Spiller W, Richmond RC, Carter AR, Langdon R, Lawlor DA, Walters RG, Vimaleswaran KS, Anderson A, Sandu MR, Tilling K, Davey Smith G, Martin RM, Relton CL. Applying Mendelian randomization to appraise causality in relationships between nutrition and cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:631-652. [PMID: 35274198 PMCID: PMC9010389 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dietary factors are assumed to play an important role in cancer risk, apparent in consensus recommendations for cancer prevention that promote nutritional changes. However, the evidence in this field has been generated predominantly through observational studies, which may result in biased effect estimates because of confounding, exposure misclassification, and reverse causality. With major geographical differences and rapid changes in cancer incidence over time, it is crucial to establish which of the observational associations reflect causality and to identify novel risk factors as these may be modified to prevent the onset of cancer and reduce its progression. Mendelian randomization (MR) uses the special properties of germline genetic variation to strengthen causal inference regarding potentially modifiable exposures and disease risk. MR can be implemented through instrumental variable (IV) analysis and, when robustly performed, is generally less prone to confounding, reverse causation and measurement error than conventional observational methods and has different sources of bias (discussed in detail below). It is increasingly used to facilitate causal inference in epidemiology and provides an opportunity to explore the effects of nutritional exposures on cancer incidence and progression in a cost-effective and timely manner. Here, we introduce the concept of MR and discuss its current application in understanding the impact of nutritional factors (e.g., any measure of diet and nutritional intake, circulating biomarkers, patterns, preference or behaviour) on cancer aetiology and, thus, opportunities for MR to contribute to the development of nutritional recommendations and policies for cancer prevention. We provide applied examples of MR studies examining the role of nutritional factors in cancer to illustrate how this method can be used to help prioritise or deprioritise the evaluation of specific nutritional factors as intervention targets in randomised controlled trials. We describe possible biases when using MR, and methodological developments aimed at investigating and potentially overcoming these biases when present. Lastly, we consider the use of MR in identifying causally relevant nutritional risk factors for various cancers in different regions across the world, given notable geographical differences in some cancers. We also discuss how MR results could be translated into further research and policy. We conclude that findings from MR studies, which corroborate those from other well-conducted studies with different and orthogonal biases, are poised to substantially improve our understanding of nutritional influences on cancer. For such corroboration, there is a requirement for an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach to investigate risk factors for cancer incidence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin H Wade
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - James Yarmolinsky
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU) and the Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Fleur Meddens
- Department of Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Joshua A Bell
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Neil M Davies
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Daniela Mariosa
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | | | - Emma E Vincent
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Karl Smith-Byrne
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Florence Guida
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research On Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Eleanor Sanderson
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tom G Richardson
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Maria Carolina Borges
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jack Bowden
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Research Innovation Learning and Development (RILD) Building, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Yoonsu Cho
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Wes Spiller
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alice R Carter
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ryan Langdon
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Robin G Walters
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU) and the Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Annie Anderson
- Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Meda R Sandu
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Tilling
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline L Relton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK
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12
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Thiruvenkataswamy CS, Appukutty M, Vimaleswaran KS. Role of precision nutrition in improving military performance. Per Med 2022; 19:167-170. [PMID: 35293219 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2021-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphical abstract [Formula: see text] Role of precision nutrition in improving military performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahenderan Appukutty
- Faculty of Sports Science & Recreation, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK.,The Institute for Food, Nutrition, & Health (IFNH), University of Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
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13
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Alathari BE, Cruvinel NT, da Silva NR, Chandrabose M, Lovegrove JA, Horst MA, Vimaleswaran KS. Impact of Genetic Risk Score and Dietary Protein Intake on Vitamin D Status in Young Adults from Brazil. Nutrients 2022; 14:1015. [PMID: 35267990 PMCID: PMC8912678 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the relationship between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and adverse outcomes of metabolic diseases, we investigated the interplay of dietary and genetic components on vitamin D levels and metabolic traits in young adults from Brazil. Genetic analysis, dietary intake, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were performed in 187 healthy young adults (19−24 years). Genetic risk scores (GRS) from six genetic variants associated with vitamin D (vitamin D-GRS) and 10 genetic variants associated with metabolic disease (metabolic-GRS) were constructed. High vitamin D-GRS showed a significant association with low 25(OH)D concentrations (p = 0.001) and high metabolic-GRS showed a significant association with high fasting insulin concentrations (p = 0.045). A significant interaction was found between vitamin D-GRS and total protein intake (g/day) (adjusted for non-animal protein) on 25(OH)D (pinteraction = 0.006), where individuals consuming a high protein diet (≥73 g/d) and carrying >4 risk alleles for VDD had significantly lower 25(OH)D (p = 0.002) compared to individuals carrying ≤4 risk alleles. Even though our study did not support a link between metabolic-GRS and vitamin D status, our study has demonstrated a novel interaction, where participants with high vitamin D-GRS and consuming ≥73 g of protein/day had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels. Further research is necessary to evaluate the role of animal protein consumption on VDD in Brazilians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buthaina E. Alathari
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, P.O. Box 14281, AlFaiha 72853, Kuwait
| | - Nathália Teixeira Cruvinel
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (N.T.C.); (N.R.d.S.)
| | - Nara Rubia da Silva
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (N.T.C.); (N.R.d.S.)
| | - Mathurra Chandrabose
- Department of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Harry Pitt Building, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6ES, UK;
| | - Julie A. Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AA, UK
| | - Maria A. Horst
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (N.T.C.); (N.R.d.S.)
| | - Karani S. Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (B.E.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AA, UK
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Wuni R, Kuhnle GGC, Wynn-Jones AA, Vimaleswaran KS. A Nutrigenetic Update on CETP Gene–Diet Interactions on Lipid-Related Outcomes. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2022; 24:119-132. [PMID: 35098451 PMCID: PMC8924099 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review An abnormal lipid profile is considered a main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and evidence suggests that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene contribute to variations in lipid levels in response to dietary intake. The objective of this review was to identify and discuss nutrigenetic studies assessing the interactions between CETP SNPs and dietary factors on blood lipids. Recent Findings Relevant articles were obtained through a literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar through to July 2021. An article was included if it examined an interaction between CETP SNPs and dietary factors on blood lipids. From 49 eligible nutrigenetic studies, 27 studies reported significant interactions between 8 CETP SNPs and 17 dietary factors on blood lipids in 18 ethnicities. The discrepancies in the study findings could be attributed to genetic heterogeneity, and differences in sample size, study design, lifestyle and measurement of dietary intake. The most extensively studied ethnicities were those of Caucasian populations and majority of the studies reported an interaction with dietary fat intake. The rs708272 (TaqIB) was the most widely studied CETP SNP, where ‘B1’ allele was associated with higher CETP activity, resulting in lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher serum triglycerides under the influence of high dietary fat intake. Summary Overall, the findings suggest that CETP SNPs might alter blood lipid profiles by modifying responses to diet, but further large studies in multiple ethnic groups are warranted to identify individuals at risk of adverse lipid response to diet. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y.
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Isgin-Atici K, Alathari BE, Turan-Demirci B, Sendur SN, Lay I, Ellahi B, Alikasifoglu M, Erbas T, Buyuktuncer Z, Vimaleswaran KS. Interaction between Dietary Fat Intake and Metabolic Genetic Risk Score on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in a Turkish Adult Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:382. [PMID: 35057563 PMCID: PMC8778439 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have pointed out a link between vitamin D status and metabolic traits, however, consistent evidence has not been provided yet. This cross-sectional study has used a nutrigenetic approach to investigate the interaction between metabolic-genetic risk score (GRS) and dietary intake on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in 396 unrelated Turkish adults, aged 24-50 years. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in those with a metabolic-GRS ≥ 1 risk allele than those with a metabolic-GRS < 1 risk allele (p = 0.020). A significant interaction between metabolic-GRS and dietary fat intake (energy%) on serum 25(OH)D levels was identified (Pinteraction = 0.040). Participants carrying a metabolic-GRS ≥ 1 risk allele and consuming a high fat diet (≥38% of energy = 122.3 ± 52.51 g/day) had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D concentration (p = 0.006) in comparison to those consuming a low-fat diet (<38% of energy = 82.5 ± 37.36 g/d). In conclusion, our study suggests a novel interaction between metabolic-GRS and dietary fat intake on serum 25(OH)D level, which emphasises that following the current dietary fat intake recommendation (<35% total fat) could be important in reducing the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this Turkish population. Nevertheless, further larger studies are needed to verify this interaction, before implementing personalized dietary recommendations for the maintenance of optimal vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Isgin-Atici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (K.I.-A.); (B.T.-D.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya 05000, Turkey
| | - Buthaina E. Alathari
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK;
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, AlFaiha 72853, Kuwait
| | - Busra Turan-Demirci
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (K.I.-A.); (B.T.-D.)
| | - Suleyman Nahit Sendur
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (S.N.S.); (T.E.)
| | - Incilay Lay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey;
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Hacettepe University Hospitals, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Basma Ellahi
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester CH1 4DS, UK;
| | - Mehmet Alikasifoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey;
- Genetics Diagnostic Centre, DAMAGEN, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Tomris Erbas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (S.N.S.); (T.E.)
| | - Zehra Buyuktuncer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (K.I.-A.); (B.T.-D.)
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK;
- Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
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16
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Alsulami S, Cruvinel NT, da Silva NR, Antoneli AC, Lovegrove JA, Horst MA, Vimaleswaran KS. Effect of dietary fat intake and genetic risk on glucose and insulin-related traits in Brazilian young adults. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1337-1347. [PMID: 34900785 PMCID: PMC8630327 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) is closely linked to a complex interplay between genetic and dietary factors. The prevalence of abdominal obesity, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidaemia, and high blood pressure among Brazilian adolescents is increasing and hence, early lifestyle interventions targeting these factors might be an effective strategy to prevent or slow the progression of T2D. METHODS We aimed to assess the interaction between dietary and genetic factors on metabolic disease-related traits in 200 healthy Brazilian young adults. Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day food records. Ten metabolic disease-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to construct a metabolic-genetic risk score (metabolic-GRS). RESULTS We found significant interactions between the metabolic-GRS and total fat intake on fasting insulin level (Pinteraction = 0.017), insulin-glucose ratio (Pinteraction = 0.010) and HOMA-B (Pinteraction = 0.002), respectively, in addition to a borderline GRS-fat intake interaction on HOMA-IR (Pinteraction = 0.051). Within the high-fat intake category [37.98 ± 3.39% of total energy intake (TEI)], individuals with ≥ 5 risk alleles had increased fasting insulin level (P = 0.021), insulin-glucose ratio (P = 0.010), HOMA-B (P = 0.001) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.053) than those with < 5 risk alleles. CONCLUSION Our study has demonstrated a novel GRS-fat intake interaction in young Brazilian adults, where individuals with higher genetic risk and fat intake had increased glucose and insulin-related traits than those with lower genetic risk. Large intervention and follow-up studies with an objective assessment of dietary factors are needed to confirm our findings. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00863-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooad Alsulami
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6DZ UK
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nathália Teixeira Cruvinel
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Nara Rubia da Silva
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Antoneli
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Julie A. Lovegrove
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6DZ UK
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Maria Aderuza Horst
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6DZ UK
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Matusheski NV, Caffrey A, Christensen L, Mezgec S, Surendran S, Hjorth MF, McNulty H, Pentieva K, Roager HM, Seljak BK, Vimaleswaran KS, Remmers M, Péter S. Diets, nutrients, genes and the microbiome: recent advances in personalised nutrition. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:1489-1497. [PMID: 33509307 PMCID: PMC8524424 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521000374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As individuals seek increasingly individualised nutrition and lifestyle guidance, numerous apps and nutrition programmes have emerged. However, complex individual variations in dietary behaviours, genotypes, gene expression and composition of the microbiome are increasingly recognised. Advances in digital tools and artificial intelligence can help individuals more easily track nutrient intakes and identify nutritional gaps. However, the influence of these nutrients on health outcomes can vary widely among individuals depending upon life stage, genetics and microbial composition. For example, folate may elicit favourable epigenetic effects on brain development during a critical developmental time window of pregnancy. Genes affecting vitamin B12 metabolism may lead to cardiometabolic traits that play an essential role in the context of obesity. Finally, an individual's gut microbial composition can determine their response to dietary fibre interventions during weight loss. These recent advances in understanding can lead to a more complete and integrated approach to promoting optimal health through personalised nutrition, in clinical practice settings and for individuals in their daily lives. The purpose of this review is to summarise presentations made during the DSM Science and Technology Award Symposium at the 13th European Nutrition Conference, which focused on personalised nutrition and novel technologies for health in the modern world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan V. Matusheski
- Nutrition Science and Advocacy, DSM Nutritional Products LLC, Parsippany, NJ, USA
| | - Aoife Caffrey
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, ColeraineBT52 1SA, Northern Republic of Ireland
| | - Lars Christensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Simon Mezgec
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, 1000Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Shelini Surendran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Mads F. Hjorth
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Helene McNulty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, ColeraineBT52 1SA, Northern Republic of Ireland
| | - Kristina Pentieva
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, ColeraineBT52 1SA, Northern Republic of Ireland
| | - Henrik M. Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Barbara Koroušić Seljak
- Computer Systems Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Szabolcs Péter
- Nutrition Innovation Center, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
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Vimaleswaran KS. GeNuIne (gene-nutrient interactions) Collaboration: towards implementing multi-ethnic population-based nutrigenetic studies of vitamin B 12 and D deficiencies and metabolic diseases. Proc Nutr Soc 2021; 80:1-11. [PMID: 34548115 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665121002822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gene-nutrient interactions (GeNuIne) collaboration, a large-scale collaborative project, has been initiated to investigate the impact of gene-nutrient interactions on cardiometabolic diseases using population-based studies from ethnically diverse populations. In this project, the relationship between deficiencies of vitamins B12 and D, and metabolic diseases was explored using a nutrigenetic approach. A genetic risk score (GRS) analysis was used to examine the combined effect of several genetic variations that have been shown to be associated with metabolic diseases and vitamin B12 and D deficiencies, respectively. In Sri Lankan, Indonesian and Brazilian populations, those carrying a high B12-GRS had an increased risk of metabolic diseases under the influence of dietary protein, fibre and carbohydrate intakes, respectively; however, in Asian Indians, genetically instrumented metabolic disease risk showed a significant association with low vitamin B12 status. With regards to nutrigenetic studies on vitamin D status, although high metabolic-GRS showed an interaction with dietary carbohydrate intake on vitamin D status, the study in Indonesian women demonstrated a vitamin D GRS-carbohydrate interaction on body fat percentage. In summary, these nutrigenetic studies from multiple ethnic groups have provided evidence for the influence of the dietary factors on the relationship between vitamin B12/D deficiency and metabolic outcomes. Furthermore, these studies highlight the existence of genetic heterogeneity in gene-diet interactions across ethnically diverse populations, which further implicates the significance of personalised dietary approaches for the prevention of these micronutrient deficiencies and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karani S Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- The Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Vimaleswaran KS, Reddy GB. Comment on "Guiding Global Best Practice in Personalized Nutrition Based on Genetics: The Development of a Nutrigenomics Care Map". J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:1215-1216. [PMID: 34172268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
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20
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Vimaleswaran KS, Bodhini D, Jiang J, Ramya K, Mohan D, Shanthi Rani CS, Lakshmipriya N, Sudha V, Pradeepa R, Anjana RM, Mohan V, Radha V. Circulating adiponectin mediates the association between omentin gene polymorphism and cardiometabolic health in Asian Indians. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0238555. [PMID: 33979354 PMCID: PMC8115825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma omentin levels have been shown to be associated with circulating adiponectin concentrations and cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes. In this study, we aim to examine the association of omentin gene polymorphism with serum adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic health status using a genetic approach, and investigate whether these associations are modified by lifestyle factors. METHODS The study included 945 normal glucose tolerant and 941 unrelated individuals with type 2 diabetes randomly selected from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES), in southern India. Study participants were classified into cardiometabolically healthy and unhealthy, where cardiometabolically healthy were those without hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Fasting serum adiponectin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The omentin A326T (rs2274907) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was screened by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct sequencing. RESULTS The 'A' allele of the omentin SNP was significantly associated with lower adiponectin concentrations after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and cardiometabolic health status (p = 1.90 x 10-47). There was also a significant association between circulating adiponectin concentrations and cardiometabolic health status after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, WC and Omentin SNP (p = 7.47x10-10). However, after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, WC and adiponectin levels, the association of 'A' allele with cardiometabolic health status disappeared (p = 0.79) suggesting that adiponectin serves as a mediator of the association between omentin SNP and cardiometabolic health status. There were no significant interactions between the SNP and dietary factors on adiponectin levels and cardiometabolic health status (p>0.25, for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that adiponectin might function as a mechanistic link between omentin SNP and increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases independent of common and central obesity in Asian Indians. Before strategies to promote adiponectin modulation could be implemented, further studies are required to confirm the molecular mechanisms involved in this triangular relationship between omentin gene, adiponectin and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
- Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Dhanasekaran Bodhini
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Juanjie Jiang
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Kandaswamy Ramya
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Deepa Mohan
- Department of Epidemiology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | | | - Nagarajan Lakshmipriya
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Rajendra Pradeepa
- Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | - Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, & ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Gopalapuram, Chennai, India
| | - Venkatesan Radha
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India
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Surendran S, Vimaleswaran KS. A nutrigenetic approach to examine the relationship between vitamin B12 status and cardio‐metabolic traits in multiple ethnic groups – findings from the GeNuIne Collaboration. NUTR BULL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Surendran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of Surrey Guildford UK
| | - K. S. Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences University of Reading Reading UK
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH) University of Reading Reading UK
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Alathari BE, Aji AS, Ariyasra U, Sari SR, Tasrif N, Yani FF, Sudji IR, Lovegrove JA, Lipoeto NI, Vimaleswaran KS. Interaction between Vitamin D-Related Genetic Risk Score and Carbohydrate Intake on Body Fat Composition: A Study in Southeast Asian Minangkabau Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020326. [PMID: 33498618 PMCID: PMC7911469 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases have been shown to be associated with low vitamin D status; however, the findings have been inconsistent. Hence, the objective of our study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status and metabolic disease-related traits in healthy Southeast Asian women and examine whether this relationship was modified by dietary factors using a nutrigenetic study. The study included 110 Minangkabau women (age: 25–60 years) from Padang, Indonesia. Genetic risk scores (GRS) were constructed based on five vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (vitamin D-GRS) and ten metabolic disease-associated SNPs (metabolic-GRS). The metabolic-GRS was significantly associated with lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations (p = 0.009) and higher body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.016). Even though the vitamin D-GRS had no effect on metabolic traits (p > 0.12), an interaction was observed between the vitamin D-GRS and carbohydrate intake (g) on body fat percentage (BFP) (pinteraction = 0.049), where those individuals who consumed a high carbohydrate diet (mean ± SD: 319 g/d ± 46) and carried >2 vitamin D-lowering risk alleles had significantly higher BFP (p = 0.016). In summary, we have replicated the association of metabolic-GRS with higher BMI and lower 25(OH)D concentrations and identified a novel interaction between vitamin D-GRS and carbohydrate intake on body fat composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buthaina E. Alathari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Al Faiha 72853, Kuwait;
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK;
| | - Arif Sabta Aji
- Department of Public Health, Alma Ata Graduate School of Public Health, University of Alma Ata, Yogyakarta 55183, Indonesia;
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alma Ata, Yogyakarta 55183, Indonesia
| | - Utami Ariyasra
- Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, West Sumatra 25172, Indonesia; (U.A.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Sri R. Sari
- Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, West Sumatra 25172, Indonesia; (U.A.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Nabila Tasrif
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, West Sumatra 25172, Indonesia;
| | - Finny F. Yani
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, West Sumatra 25172, Indonesia;
| | - Ikhwan R. Sudji
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Science, University Perintis, Padang 25586, Indonesia;
| | - Julie A. Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK;
| | - Nur I. Lipoeto
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, West Sumatra 25172, Indonesia;
| | - Karani S. Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Pepper Lane, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Interaction between Metabolic Genetic Risk Score and Dietary Fatty Acid Intake on Central Obesity in a Ghanaian Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071906. [PMID: 32605047 PMCID: PMC7400498 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial condition arising from the interaction between genetic and lifestyle factors. We aimed to assess the impact of lifestyle and genetic factors on obesity-related traits in 302 healthy Ghanaian adults. Dietary intake and physical activity were assessed using a 3 day repeated 24 h dietary recall and global physical activity questionnaire, respectively. Twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to construct 4-SNP, 8-SNP and 12-SNP genetic risk scores (GRSs). The 4-SNP GRS showed significant interactions with dietary fat intakes on waist circumference (WC) (Total fat, Pinteraction = 0.01; saturated fatty acids (SFA), Pinteraction = 0.02; polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), Pinteraction = 0.01 and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), Pinteraction = 0.01). Among individuals with higher intakes of total fat (>47 g/d), SFA (>14 g/d), PUFA (>16 g/d) and MUFA (>16 g/d), individuals with ≥3 risk alleles had a significantly higher WC compared to those with <3 risk alleles. This is the first study of its kind in this population, suggesting that a higher consumption of dietary fatty acid may have the potential to increase the genetic susceptibility of becoming centrally obese. These results support the general dietary recommendations to decrease the intakes of total fat and SFA, to reduce the risk of obesity, particularly in individuals with a higher genetic predisposition to central obesity.
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