1
|
Sidahmed E, Freedland SJ, Wang M, Wu K, Albanes D, Barnett M, van den Brandt PA, Cook MB, Giles GG, Giovannucci E, Haiman CA, Larsson SC, Key TJ, Loftfield E, Männistö S, McCullough ML, Milne RL, Neuhouser ML, Platz EA, Perez-Cornago A, Sawada N, Schenk JM, Sinha R, Tsugane S, Visvanathan K, Wang Y, White KK, Willett WC, Wolk A, Ziegler RG, Genkinger JM, Smith-Warner SA. Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Advanced and Aggressive Forms of Prostate Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024:S2212-2672(24)00163-1. [PMID: 38636793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence of an association between dietary fiber intake and risk of advanced and aggressive forms of prostate cancer (PC) and PC mortality is limited. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine associations between intakes of dietary fiber overall and by food source and risk of advanced and aggressive forms of PC. DESIGN The study design was a pooled analysis of the primary data from 15 cohorts in 3 continents. Baseline dietary fiber intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire or diet history in each study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING There were 842 149 men followed for up to 9 to 22 years between 1985 and 2009 across studies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measures were advanced (stage T4, N1, or M1 or PC mortality), advanced restricted (excluded men with missing stage and those with localized PC who died of PC), and high-grade PC (Gleason score ≥8 or poorly differentiated/undifferentiated) and PC mortality. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED Study-specific multivariable hazard ratios (MVHR) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression and pooled using random effects models. RESULTS Intake of dietary fiber overall, from fruits, and from vegetables was not associated with risk of advanced (n = 4863), advanced restricted (n = 2978), or high-grade PC (n = 9673) or PC mortality (n = 3097). Dietary fiber intake from grains was inversely associated with advanced PC (comparing the highest vs lowest quintile, MVHR 0.84; 95% CI 0.76-0.93), advanced restricted PC (MVHR 0.85; 95% CI 0.74-0.97), and PC mortality (MVHR 0.78; 95% CI 0.68-0.89); statistically significant trends were noted for each of these associations (P ≤ .03), and a null association was observed for high-grade PC for the same comparison (MVHR 1.00; 95% CI 0.93-1.07). The comparable results were 1.06 (95% CI 1.01-1.10; P value, test for trend = .002) for localized PC (n = 35,199) and 1.05 (95% CI 0.99-1.11; P value, test for trend = .04) for low/intermediate grade PC (n = 34 366). CONCLUSIONS Weak nonsignificant associations were observed between total dietary fiber intake and risk of advanced forms of PC, high-grade PC, and PC mortality. High dietary fiber intake from grains was associated with a modestly lower risk of advanced forms of PC and PC mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elkhansa Sidahmed
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Urology Section, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Molin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (at time work completed); Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (current)
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matt Barnett
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael B Cook
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Timothy J Key
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeannette M Schenk
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kami K White
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeanine M Genkinger
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng T, Bi K, Tang Y, Zeng Y, Wang J, Yan L. Cognitive fusion-targeted biopsy versus transrectal ultrasonography-guided systematic biopsy: comparison and analysis of the risk of Gleason score upgrading. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:981-988. [PMID: 37875704 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to assess the precision of the Gleason score (GS) obtained through cognitive fusion-targeted biopsy (COG-TB) in comparison to transrectal ultrasonography-guided systematic biopsy (TRUS-SB), and to identify factors that can predict Gleason score upgrading (GSU) in a cohort of Chinese patients. METHODS A final enrollment of 245 patients was recorded. Between 2020 and 2022, 132 patients underwent TRUS-SB, and 113 patients underwent COG-TB. The Chi-square test was performed to analyze the variation in downgrading, concordance, and upgrading between TRUS-SB and COG-TB. Multivariable analyses were performed to seek factors predicting Gleason score upgrading. Finally, a model which utilizes multivariable logistic regression was developed to predict the likelihood of GSU. RESULTS The concordance for TRUS-SB and COG-TB were 42.4% and 65.5%, respectively. TRUS-SB and COG-TB exhibited notable disparities in downgrading, concordance, and upgrading. Age, prostate volume, body mass index (BMI), and the biopsy modality were significant predictive factors. CONCLUSION COG-TB can significantly increase concordance with final histopathology. Age, prostate volume, BMI, and the biopsy modality were predictive factors of GSU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Zheng
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Kaipeng Bi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yueqing Tang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li B, Dong Y, Hu S, Liu T. MiR-143-3p/FNDC5 axis: a novel regulator of insulin sensitivity. Endocrine 2024; 83:368-377. [PMID: 37815745 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03522-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Insulin resistance is a key hallmark in type 2 diabetes. In recent decades, there have been numerous studies of the causes of insulin resistance. microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the regulation of multiple aspects of energy metabolism and miR-143-3p has been shown to induce insulin resistance. We aimed to predict the downstream targets of miR-143-3p and found a miR-143-3p binding site on the 3'-untranslated region of FNDC5 (Fibronectin type III domain containing 5) mRNA. METHODS We first confirmed that FNDC5 mRNA is a target of miR-143-3p using a double luciferase experiment, then constructed a prokaryotic expression system for the mature form of FNDC5, irisin, and expressed and purified irisin protein. We transfected a miR-143-3p mimic into HepG2-NTCP (Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide) cells using an NTCP targeting vector, then 24 h later, the glucose concentration of the culture medium, western blot analysis was analyzed. We next co-incubated the cells transfected with the miR-143-3p mimic with irisin for 12 h following by the assay of glucose uptake and AKT phosphorylation. RESULTS The glucose concentration of the culture medium was higher than that associated with control miRNA-transfected cells (p < 0.01). Western blot analysis showed that the miR-143-3p mimic significantly reduced the expression of FNDC5 (p < 0.05) and the phosphorylation of AKT (Protein kinase B) (p < 0.05), implying impaired insulin signaling. which increased the glucose uptake (p < 0.0001) and AKT phosphorylation in the cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION We conclude that FNDC5 is a direct target of miR-143-3p and that miR-143-3p induces insulin resistance by reducing its expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory of Cosmetic Safety Evaluation, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyuan Hu
- School of Sports and Arts, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Tiancai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Y, Li T, Muheiyati G, Duan Y, Xiao S, Gao Y, Tao N, An H. Triglyceride-glucose index is a predictor of the risk of prostate cancer: a retrospective study based on a transprostatic aspiration biopsy population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1280221. [PMID: 38260162 PMCID: PMC10801031 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1280221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Current research suggests that prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most common cancers in men, may be linked to insulin resistance (IR).Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) was made for a marker of insulin resistance. We investigated the relationship between the TyG index and the risk of PCa. Objective To assess the correlation and dose-response relationship between TyG index and prostate cancer. Method Retrospectively, 316 patients who required prostate biopsy puncture in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from March 2017 to July 2021 were collected, and the relationship between factors such as the TyG index and prostate cancer was analyzed by Logistic regression model combined with a restricted cubic spline. Results (1) The differences in age, initial PSA and TyG index between the two groups were statistically significant; (2) Logistic regression results showed that the risk of prostate cancer in the highest quartile of the TyG index (Q4) was 3.387 times higher than that in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR=3.387,95% CI [1.511,7.593], P=0.003); (3) The interaction results showed a significant interaction between the TyG index Q4 group and age with the risk of developing prostate cancer (P for interaction<0.001). (4) The results of the restricted cubic spline showed a linear dose-response relationship between the TyG index and the risk of prostate cancer; (5) The Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the TyG index combined with initial PSA and age was 0.840, with a sensitivity and specificity of 62.5% and 93.3%, respectively. Conclusion TyG index and age are risk factors for prostate cancer, and the interaction between the TyG index and different risk factors may increase the risk of prostate cancer. TyG index has some predictive value for the risk of prostate cancer, and the risk of prostate cancer can be reduced by controlling the levels of blood lipids and blood glucose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhou
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tianqi Li
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guliman Muheiyati
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Songtao Xiao
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yi Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ning Tao
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Epidemiological Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hengqing An
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li T, Zhou Y, Wang J, Xiao S, Duan Y, Li C, Gao Y, An H, Tao N. Association of triglyceride-glucose index with the risk of prostate cancer: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16313. [PMID: 37953784 PMCID: PMC10637243 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Some studies have shown that risk factors for prostate cancer are related to insulin resistance. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a marker of insulin resistance. We investigated the validity of TyG index for predicting prostate cancer and the dose-response relationship in prostate cancer in relation to it. Objective To investigate the risk factors of TyG index and prostate cancer prevalence. Methods This study was screened from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and included 767 people, including 136 prostate cancer patients in the case group and 631 healthy people in the control group. The relationship between TyG index and the risk of prostate cancer was analyzed by one-way logistic regression, adjusted for relevant factors, and multi-factor logistic regression analysis was performed to further investigate the risk factors affecting the prevalence of prostate cancer. ROC curves and Restricted Cubic Spline were established to determine the predictive value and dose-response relationship of TyG index in prostate cancer. Results Blood potassium (OR = 0.056, 95% CI [0.021-0.148]), total cholesterol (OR = 1.07, 95% CI [0.792-1.444]) and education level (OR = 0.842, 95% CI [0.418-1.697]) were protective factors for prostate cancer, alkaline phosphatase, age, LDL, increased the risk of prostate cancer (OR = 1.016, 95% CI [1.006-1.026]) (OR = 139.253, 95% CI [18.523-1,046.893] (OR = 0.318, 95% CI [0.169-0.596]); TyG index also was a risk factor for prostate cancer, the risk increased with TyG levels,and persons in the TyGQ3 group (8.373-8.854 mg/dL) was 6.918 times (95% CI [2.275-21.043]) higher than in the Q1 group,in the TyGQ4 group (≥8.854) was 28.867 times of those in the Q1 group (95% CI [9.499-87.727]). Conclusion TyG index may be a more accurate and efficient predictor of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Li
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yijie Zhou
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinru Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Songtao Xiao
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Caihong Li
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hengqing An
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ning Tao
- Department of Epidemiological Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu CW, Peng HY, Siao AC, Tsuei YW, Lin YY, Shiah SG, Shih LJ, Yeh CC, Lee SW, Kao YH. Resistin stimulates PC-3 prostate cancer cell growth through stimulation of SOCS3 and SOCS5 genes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1695-1707. [PMID: 37646261 PMCID: PMC10792425 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231191206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin and suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCSs) have been reported to regulate prostate cancer (PCa) cell proliferation and survival, respectively. Whether any of the SOCS molecules mediate the mitogenic effect of resistin on PCa cells is unknown. Using PC-3 human PCa cells, we found that resistin upregulates the expression of SOCS3 and SOCS5 mRNA, but not SOCS7 mRNA, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The resistin-induced increases in SOCS3 and SOCS5 expression and cell proliferation were prevented by pretreatment with specific inhibitors of the TLR4, ERK, p38 MAPK, JNK, PI3K, and JAK2 proteins. However, pretreatment with a TLR2 inhibitor had no effect on resistin-mediated SOCS3 and SOCS5 expression. In addition, the effects of resistin on SOCS3, SOCS5, and SOCS7 mRNA levels were cell type-specific. Overexpression of either SOCS3 or SOCS5 enhanced further resistin-stimulated growth of PC-3 cells, whereas silencing SOCS3 or SOCS5 antagonized resistin-increased cell growth. Further PCa tissue analysis demonstrated higher levels of RETN, TLR4, SOCS3, and SOCS5 mRNAs in cancer tissues than benign prostate hyperplasia and indicated positive correlations among RETN, TLR4, and SOCS5. These data suggest that SOCS5, TLR4, and, to a lesser extent, SOCS3 can mediate the mitogenic effect of resistin on PC-3 PCa cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330
| | - Hsuan-Yu Peng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350
| | - An-Ci Siao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320
| | - Yi-Wei Tsuei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325
| | - Yen-Yue Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325
| | - Shine-Gwo Shiah
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350
| | - Li-Jane Shih
- Medical Laboratory, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325
| | - Chien-Chih Yeh
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325
| | - Shih-Wei Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300
| | - Yung-Hsi Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang A, Lazo M, Lu J, Couper DJ, Prizment AE, Vitolins MZ, Denmeade SR, Joshu CE, Platz EA. Liver Fibrosis Scores and Prostate Cancer Risk and Mortality in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2023; 16:523-530. [PMID: 37339266 PMCID: PMC10527661 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Subclinical liver impairment due to fibrosis could influence the development and detectability of prostate cancer. To investigate the association between liver fibrosis and prostate cancer incidence and mortality, we included 5,284 men (mean age: 57.6 years, 20.1% Black) without cancer or liver disease at Visit 2 in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Liver fibrosis was assessed using the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, fibrosis 4 index (FIB-4), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS). Over 25 years, 215 Black and 511 White men were diagnosed with prostate cancer, and 26 Black and 51 White men died from the disease. We estimated HRs for total and fatal prostate cancer using Cox regression. FIB-4 [quintile 5 vs. 1: HR = 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29-0.77, Ptrend = 0.004] and NFS (HR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33-0.97, Ptrend = 0.03) were inversely associated with prostate cancer risk in Black men. Compared with no abnormal score, men with ≥1 abnormal score had a lower prostate cancer risk if they were Black (HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.24-0.89), but not White (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.69-1.58). Liver fibrosis scores did not appear to be associated with fatal prostate cancer in Black or White men. Among men without a clinical diagnosis of liver disease, higher liver fibrosis scores were associated with lower incidence of prostate cancer in Black men, but not in White men, and not with fatal prostate cancer in either race. Further research is needed to understand the influence of subclinical liver disease on prostate cancer development versus detectability and the racial differences observed. PREVENTION RELEVANCE Investigating the link between liver fibrosis and prostate cancer risk and mortality, our study reveals the potential influence of liver health on prostate cancer development and on detection using PSA test, urging further research to understand the differential findings by race and to optimize prevention and intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Public and Population Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mariana Lazo
- Department of Community Health and Prevention and the Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jiayun Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David J. Couper
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Gillings Hill School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Anna E. Prizment
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Medical School, University of Minnesota and the Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mara Z. Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Samuel R. Denmeade
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Corinne E. Joshu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth A. Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Perez‐Cornago A, Smith‐Byrne K, Hazelwood E, Watling CZ, Martin S, Frayling T, Lewis S, Martin RM, Yaghootkar H, Travis RC, Key TJ. Genetic predisposition to metabolically unfavourable adiposity and prostate cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization analysis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16482-16489. [PMID: 37305903 PMCID: PMC10469819 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of adiposity with aggressive prostate cancer risk are unclear. Using two-sample Mendelian randomization, we assessed the association of metabolically unfavourable adiposity (UFA), favourable adiposity (FA) and for comparison body mass index (BMI), with prostate cancer, including aggressive prostate cancer. METHODS We examined the association of these genetically predicted adiposity-related traits with risk of prostate cancer overall, aggressive and early onset disease using outcome summary statistics from the PRACTICAL consortium (including 15,167 aggressive cases). RESULTS In inverse-variance weighted models, there was little evidence that genetically predicted one standard deviation higher UFA, FA and BMI were associated with aggressive prostate cancer [OR: 0.85 (95% CI:0.61-1.19), 0.80 (0.53-1.23) and 0.97 (0.88-1.08), respectively]; these associations were largely consistent in sensitivity analyses accounting for horizontal pleiotropy. There was no strong evidence that genetically determined UFA, FA or BMI were associated with overall prostate cancer or early age of onset prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS We did not find differences in the associations of UFA and FA with prostate cancer risk, which suggest that adiposity is unlikely to influence prostate cancer via the metabolic factors assessed; however, these did not cover some aspects related to metabolic health that may link obesity with aggressive prostate cancer, which should be explored in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Perez‐Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Karl Smith‐Byrne
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Emma Hazelwood
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Cody Z. Watling
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Susan Martin
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Research, Innovation, Learning and Development building, Royal Devon & Exeter HospitalExeterUK
| | - Timothy Frayling
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Research, Innovation, Learning and Development building, Royal Devon & Exeter HospitalExeterUK
| | - Sarah Lewis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Richard M. Martin
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research CentreUniversity Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Hanieh Yaghootkar
- Centre for Inflammation Research and Translational Medicine (CIRTM), Department of Life SciencesBrunel University LondonUxbridgeUK
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life SciencesUniversity of WestminsterLondonUK
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Timothy J. Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jacobi N, Ortman S, Buda L, Duprez D. Effect of insulin resistance on CAC scores in cancer survivors. CARDIO-ONCOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 9:21. [PMID: 37060010 PMCID: PMC10103502 DOI: 10.1186/s40959-023-00168-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many ca. survivors exhibit signs of IR, an important risk factor for the development of CAD. CAC scans offer a risk assessment of CV disease before cardiac damage has occurred. We investigated how IR affects CAC scores in cancer survivors. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to show that CAC scores differ significantly between insulin-sensitive- and -resistant cancer survivors. METHODS We enrolled 90 cancer survivors of a large community hospital from March 2021 to January 2022 into this pilot study. Patients were subdivided into three groups: insulin-sensitive (IS), insulin-resistant/prediabetic and insulin-resistant/diabetic. All patients received a CAC scan. RESULTS 70% of asymptomatic survivors overall and 81% of asymptomatic IR patients show CAD on CAC scans. 17 CAC scans in the IS group, 6 CAC scans in the IR/prediabetic group and 5 CAC scans in the IR/diabetic group showed an Agatston score of 0. The p-value between the three groups was statistically significant (p = 0.005) whereas the IR/prediabetic- and the IR/diabetic group did not differ statistically from each other. The mean MESA 10-year CHD risk with CAC was 7.8. There was a highly significant difference between the 3 groups (p < 0.001). The two IR groups did not differ statistically (p = 0.076). CONCLUSIONS Survivors with IR including prediabetes have less frequent zero CAC scores than insulin-sensitive survivors. Our study also showed that IR including prediabetes significantly increases the MESA 10-yr. CHD Risk with CAC in cancer survivors. This trial highlights the importance of screening survivors for IR and draws attention to the association of IR to CAC not only in diabetes but also in prediabetes. The high fraction of asymptomatic survivors with CAD is concerning and calls for further investigation. CAC scans are an inexpensive and efficient way of screening asymptomatic cancer survivors for CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Jacobi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - S Ortman
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - L Buda
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Daniel Duprez
- Department of Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yin J, Freedman ND, Liu Y, Dawsey SM, Yang H, Taylor PR, Yin L, Liu B, Cui J, Fan J, Chen W, Qiao Y, Abnet CC. Associations between serum glucose, insulin, insulin resistance and the risk of incident primary liver cancer or chronic liver disease mortality: a nested case-control study. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:275-284. [PMID: 36496451 PMCID: PMC9902537 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the associations between pre-diagnostic levels of serum insulin, glucose and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and future risk of incident primary liver cancer (PLC) or chronic liver disease (CLD)-related mortality. METHODS We used a nested case-control design to evaluate subjects over 22 years of follow-up. Glucose, insulin, and three markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus were measured in fasting baseline serum from 119 incident PLCs, 157 CLD-death cases and 512 matched controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression to estimate the associations between insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR and the risk of PLC or CLD death. RESULTS Compared with the lowest quartile of insulin, multivariable adjusted models showed that subjects in the highest quartile had elevated odds of developing PLC (ORQ4/Q1 = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.26-4.75, Ptrend = 0.007), particularly in HBV-positive subjects (Pinteraction = 0.040), and of CLD death (ORQ4/Q1 = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.02-3.21, Ptrend = 0.018). For glucose, in the HBV-positive group, subjects in the fourth quartile had an increased risk of PLC (ORQ4/Q1 = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.07-4.60, Ptrend = 0.009), and of CLD mortality (ORQ4/Q1 = 1.75, 95% CI = 0.95-3.28, Ptrend = 0.019). Subjects with the highest HOMA-IR values had a threefold risk of developing PLC (ORQ4/Q1 = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.54-5.87, Ptrend = 0.001), and a twofold risk of CLD death (ORQ4/Q1 = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.25-3.94, Ptrend = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS We found that serum insulin and HOMA-IR could potentially be risk factors for PLC or CLD death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yin
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850 USA
| | - Yiwei Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850 USA
| | - Huan Yang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Philip R. Taylor
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850 USA
| | - Liangyu Yin
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038 Chongqing, China ,grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400042 Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Cui
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Jinhu Fan
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
| | - Youlin Qiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China. .,Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
| | - Christian C. Abnet
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850 USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Langlais CS, Graff RE, Van Blarigan EL, Kenfield SA, Neuhaus J, Tabung FK, Cowan JE, Broering JM, Carroll P, Chan JM. Postdiagnostic Inflammatory, Hyperinsulinemic, and Insulin-Resistant Diets and Lifestyles and the Risk of Prostate Cancer Progression and Mortality. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1760-1768. [PMID: 35767977 PMCID: PMC9444922 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory and insulin pathways have been linked to prostate cancer; postdiagnostic behaviors activating these pathways may lead to poor outcomes. The empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), and empirical dietary index for insulin resistance (EDIR), and associated lifestyle indices (ELIH, ELIR) predict biomarkers of inflammation (EDIP: IL6, TNFaR2, CRP) and insulin secretion (EDIH/ELIH: c-peptide; EDIR/ELIR: TAG:HDL) from whole foods and behaviors. METHODS Associations of these indices with time to prostate cancer progression (primary, n = 2,056) and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM; secondary, n = 2,447) were estimated among men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer in the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor cohort diet and lifestyle sub-study. Because the true (versus clinically documented) date of progression is unobserved, we used parametric (Weibull) survival models to accommodate interval-censoringand estimated adjusted HR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prostate cancer progression per 1-SD increase in index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate PCSM associations. RESULTS During a median [interquartile range (IQR)] 6.4 years (IQR, 1.3-12.7), 192 progression and 73 PCSM events were observed. Inflammatory (EDIP: HR, 1.27; CI, 1.17-1.37), hyperinsulinemic (EDIH: HR, 1.24; CI, 1.05-1.46. ELIH: HR, 1.34; CI, 1.17-1.54), and insulin-resistant (EDIR: HR, 1.22; CI, 1.00-1.48. ELIR: HR, 1.36; CI, 1.12-1.64) indices were positively associated with risk of prostate cancer progression. There was no evidence of associations between the indices and PCSM. CONCLUSIONS Both inflammatory and insulinemic dietary and lifestyle patterns are associated with risk of prostate cancer progression. IMPACT For men with prostate cancer, consuming dietary patterns that limit chronic systemic inflammation and insulin hypersecretion may improve survivorship, especially when coupled with active lifestyle and healthy body weight. See related commentary by Kucuk, p. 1673.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal S. Langlais
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca E. Graff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erin L. Van Blarigan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stacey A. Kenfield
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Neuhaus
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fred K. Tabung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Janet E. Cowan
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeanette M. Broering
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter Carroll
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - June M. Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shaman AA, Zidan NS, Atteia HH, Alalawy AI, Alzahrani S, AlBishi LA, Helal AI, Braiji SH, Farrag F, Shukry M, Sakran MI. Arthrospira platensis nanoparticles defeat against diabetes-induced testicular injury in rat targeting, oxidative, apoptotic, and steroidogenesis pathways. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14456. [PMID: 35560246 DOI: 10.1111/and.14456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Varieties of studies have been used to investigate the health benefits of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis); however, more research is needed to examine if its nano form may be utilized to treat or prevent several chronic diseases. So, we designed this study to explore the effect and the cellular intracellular mechanisms by which Arthrospira platensis Nanoparticles (NSP) alleviates the testicular injury induced by diabetes in male Wistar rats. Eighty Wistar male rats (n = 80) were randomly allocated into eight groups. Group 1 is untreated rats (control), Group 2 including STZ-induced diabetic rats with 65 mg/kg body weight STZ (STZ-diabetic), Group 3-5: including diabetic rats treated with NSP1, NSP2, and NSP3 at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg body weight, respectively, once daily orally by the aid of gastric gavage for 12 consecutive weeks and groups 6-8 include normal rats received NSP (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg body weight once daily orally. The identical volume of normal saline was injected into both control and diabetic rats. After 12 weeks of diabetes induction, the rats were killed. According to our findings, NSP administration to diabetic rats enhances the total body weight and the weight of testes and accessory glands; in addition, NSP significantly reduced nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in testicular tissue improved sperm parameters. Intriguingly, it raises testicular GSH and SOD activity by a significant amount (p < 0.05). As well, Oral administration of NSP to diabetic rats resulted in a decrease in the blood glucose levels, HA1C, induced in the diabetic group, which overcame the diabetic complications NSP caused down-regulation of apoptotic genes with upregulation of BCL-2 mRNA expression (p < 0.05) and prominent up-regulation of steroidogenesis genes expression level in testes in comparison to the diabetic rats which resulted in improving the decreased levels of testosterone hormone, FSH, and LH induced by diabetes. In the same way, our histopathological findings support our biochemical and molecular findings; in conclusion, NSP exerted a protective effect against reproductive dysfunction induced by diabetes not only through its high antioxidant and hypoglycemic action but also through its down-regulation of Apoptotic genes and up-regulation of steroidogenesis regulatory genes expression level in diabetic testes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amani Ali Shaman
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla S Zidan
- Faculty of Home Economics, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of nutrition and food science Faculty of Specific Education, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah H Atteia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Adel I Alalawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharifa Alzahrani
- Pharmacilogy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila A AlBishi
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza I Helal
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Cell Biology Department, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, Egypt
| | | | - Foad Farrag
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Sakran
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Section, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ramirez-Torres A, Reagan AL, Howard LE, Wiggins E, Vidal AC, Wan J, Miller B, Freedland SJ, Cohen P. Racial differences in circulating mitochondria-derived peptides may contribute to prostate cancer health disparities. Prostate 2022; 82:1248-1257. [PMID: 35789022 PMCID: PMC9388542 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mitochondrial genome has small open reading frames (sORF) which produce measurable mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs), including humanin, SHLP2, and MOTS-c. Previously, among men undergoing prostate biopsy, we found higher serum SHLP2 was linked with lower prostate cancer (PC) risk in European American men (EAM), while null associations were found in African American men (AAM). Here, in different patients undergoing prostate biopsy, we tested the link between SHLP2, humanin and MOTS-c and PC risk by race. METHODS Plasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS-c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy. Logistic and multinomial regression models tested associations between each MDP and PC diagnosis, low-grade (grade group, GG1) and high-grade (GG2-5). Models were adjusted for age, body mass index, digital rectal examination, and prostate specific antigen (PSA). We tested interactions between MDPs and race. RESULTS Among controls, humanin was similar by race (p = 0.60), but both SHLP2 (p = 0.007) and MOTS-c (p = 0.026) were lower in AAM controls versus EAM controls. Among EAM, higher MDP values were associated with lower PC risk (all p ≤ 0.001), with null associations in AAM (all p-interactions ≤ 0.01). Similarly, higher MDP expression was associated with decreased risk of low- and high-grade PC in EAM (all p ≤ 0.005) with null associations in AAM. CONCLUSIONS Higher MDP levels were associated with lower PC risk in EAM but not AAM. Generally, AAM controls had lower MDP levels. These data support MDPs and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC, suggesting greater dysfunction in AAM may contribute to excess PC risk. Future larger studies are needed to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adela Ramirez-Torres
- Department of Surgery, Center for Integrated Research on Cancer and Lifestyle, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Allison L Reagan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren E Howard
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily Wiggins
- Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Adriana C Vidal
- Department of Surgery, Center for Integrated Research on Cancer and Lifestyle, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Junxiang Wan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brendan Miller
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Department of Surgery, Center for Integrated Research on Cancer and Lifestyle, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Urology, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kim JH, Green DS, Ju YM, Harrison M, Vaughan JW, Atala A, Lee SJ, Jackson JD, Nykiforuk C, Yoo JJ. Identification and characterization of stem cell secretome-based recombinant proteins for wound healing applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:954682. [PMID: 35935504 PMCID: PMC9354600 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.954682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have been introduced as a promising therapy for acute and chronic wounds, including burn injuries. The effects of stem cell-based wound therapies are believed to result from the secreted bioactive molecules produced by stem cells. Therefore, treatments using stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) (referred to as secretome) have been proposed as an alternative option for wound care. However, safety and regulatory concerns exist due to the uncharacterized biochemical content and variability across different batches of CM samples. This study presents an alternative treatment strategy to mitigate these concerns by using fully characterized recombinant proteins identified by the CM analysis to promote pro-regenerative healing. This study analyzed the secretome profile generated from human placental stem cell (hPSC) cultures and identified nine predominantly expressed proteins (ANG-1, FGF-7, Follistatin, HGF, IL-6, Insulin, TGFβ-1, uPAR, and VEGF) that are known to contribute to wound healing and angiogenesis. These proteins, referred to as s (CMFs), were used in combination to test the effects on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Our results showed that CMF treatment increased the HDF growth and accelerated cell migration and wound closure, similar to stem cell and CM treatments. In addition, the CMF treatment promoted angiogenesis by enhancing new vessel formation. These findings suggest that the defined CMF identified by the CM proteomic analysis could be an effective therapeutic solution for wound healing applications. Our strategy eliminates the regulatory concerns present with stem cell-derived secretomes and could be developed as an off-the-shelf product for immediate wound care and accelerating healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Kim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Ji Hyun Kim,
| | - Denethia S. Green
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Young Min Ju
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Mollie Harrison
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - J. William Vaughan
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - John D. Jackson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | | | - James J. Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lim JE, Huang J, Mӓnnistӧ S, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D. Hair dye use and prostate cancer risk: A prospective analysis in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort. Cancer 2022; 128:1260-1266. [PMID: 34797564 PMCID: PMC8882135 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, some hair dye chemicals are considered mutagenic and carcinogenic in humans. One hospital-based study reported a positive association between hair dye use and prostate cancer risk, but no prospective analyses have been conducted. METHODS This study investigated the association between hair dye use and prostate cancer risk in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort, a large, well-characterized cohort of 29,133 male Finnish smokers. Participants completed questionnaires regarding lifestyle, medical, and risk factor information, including the use of hair dye, which was available for 98.8% of the cohort (28,795 men). Prostate cancer cases were identified through linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry and the Finnish Mortality Register. Hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated via multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS During a 28-year period of observation, 2703 incident prostate cancer cases were diagnosed. As reported at the baseline, 75 men used hair dye, and 13 of these men were subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer. After adjustments for potential confounders, men who used hair dyes experienced substantially higher prostate cancer risk than men who did not (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.03-3.05). CONCLUSIONS This first prospective investigation of hair dye use and prostate cancer suggests that personal hair dye use may be related to increased risk. The findings warrant re-examination in other prospective cohorts along with studies evaluating specific hair dyes and possible underlying biological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Eun Lim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Satu Mӓnnistӧ
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang H, Li D, Liu X, Wan Z, Yu Z, Wang Y, Li X. Fasting Insulin and Risk of Overall and 14 Site-Specific Cancers: Evidence From Genetic Data. Front Oncol 2022; 12:863340. [PMID: 35530326 PMCID: PMC9069016 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.863340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Whether fasting insulin (FI) plays a role in cancer risk remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between FI and cancer risk and to explore its potential mediator role in the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cancer. Methods Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of FI on overall and 14 site-specific cancers using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary-level data from Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (MAGIC) and consortia of 14 site-specific cancers. The primary MR approach was conducted by using the random-effect inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, and sensitivity analyses were implemented by adopting weighted-median, weighted-mode, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO tests. Polygenic risk score analysis was executed by using individual-level data from UK Biobank to validate the findings from TSMR analyses. Multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) was carried out to estimate the mediation effect of FI on the association between T2DM and cancer. Results TSMR study suggested that genetically determined high FI levels were associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.23-2.84, p = 0.003) and endometrial cancer (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.08-3.01, p = 0.008), but not associated with overall cancer risk or the other 12 studied cancer sites. Polygenic risk score analysis successfully replicated the association between genetic liability to high FI levels and the increased risk of colorectal and endometrial cancers. MVMR and MR mediation analyses detected an intermediary effect of FI and quantified that FI mediated 21.3% of the association between T2DM and endometrial cancer. Conclusions This study demonstrated that FI levels are associated with the risk of colorectal and endometrial cancers, and FI was found to play an intermediary role in the association between T2DM and endometrial cancer. The associations between FI and other cancers need to be further studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China.,College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Doudou Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China.,College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Xiaozhuan Liu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Xue Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
James R, Dimopoulou O, Martin RM, Perks CM, Kelly C, Mathias L, Brugger S, Higgins JPT, Lewis SJ. Could Reducing Body Fatness Reduce the Risk of Aggressive Prostate Cancer via the Insulin Signalling Pathway? A Systematic Review of the Mechanistic Pathway. Metabolites 2021; 11:726. [PMID: 34822385 PMCID: PMC8625823 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight is thought to increase the risk of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa), although the biological mechanism is currently unclear. Body fatness is positively associated with a diminished cellular response to insulin and biomarkers of insulin signalling have been positively associated with PCa risk. We carried out a two-pronged systematic review of (a) the effect of reducing body fatness on insulin biomarker levels and (b) the effect of insulin biomarkers on PCa risk, to determine whether a reduction in body fatness could reduce PCa risk via effects on the insulin signalling pathway. We identified seven eligible randomised controlled trials of interventions designed to reduce body fatness which measured insulin biomarkers as an outcome, and six eligible prospective observational studies of insulin biomarkers and PCa risk. We found some evidence that a reduction in body fatness improved insulin sensitivity although our confidence in this evidence was low based on GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations). We were unable to reach any conclusions on the effect of insulin sensitivity on PCa risk from the few studies included in our systematic review. A reduction in body fatness may reduce PCa risk via insulin signalling, but more high-quality evidence is needed before any conclusions can be reached regarding PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel James
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
| | - Olympia Dimopoulou
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Richard M. Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Claire M. Perks
- IGF & Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK;
| | - Claire Kelly
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
| | - Louise Mathias
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
| | - Stefan Brugger
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
| | - Julian P. T. Higgins
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Sarah J. Lewis
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; (R.J.); (O.D.); (R.M.M.); (C.K.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (J.P.T.H.)
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Minami T, Inoue M, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S. Alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, and subsequent risk of renal cell carcinoma: The JPHC study. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:5068-5077. [PMID: 34490717 PMCID: PMC8645753 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence have not been well‐investigated in Asian populations. Here, we evaluated these effects in a large Japanese prospective cohort. We collected data on eligible participants in the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study, and undertook multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of RCC incidence. We identified 340 cases (230 men and 110 women) among the 105 663 eligible participants (50 262 men and 55 741 women), who were followed for an average of 19.1 years, with a cumulative total of 2 020 364 person‐years. A slightly inverse but nonsignificant association was observed between alcohol drinking and RCC incidence. In contrast, the risk of RCC was increased in those with heavy smoking (≥40 pack‐years) when men and women were combined (HR 1.50; 95% CI, 1.01‐2.25). We identified no significant association between alcohol consumption and RCC incidence. In contrast, heavy smoking (≥40 pack‐years) was associated with a significant increase in incidence. Using a large prospective cohort in Japan, we evaluated the effects of alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking on renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Our analyses showed no significant association between alcohol consumption and RCC incidence. In contrast, heavy smoking (≥40 pack‐years) was associated with a significant increase in incidence.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Minami
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Social Medicine, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Social Medicine, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Duca RB, Massillo C, Dalton GN, Farré PL, Graña KD, Gardner K, De Siervi A. MiR-19b-3p and miR-101-3p as potential biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:2802-2820. [PMID: 34249429 PMCID: PMC8263646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed male malignancy worldwide. Early diagnosis and metastases detection are crucial features to diminish patient mortality. High fat diet (HFD) and metabolic syndrome increase PCa risk and aggressiveness. Our goal was to identify miRNAs-based biomarkers for PCa diagnosis and prognosis associated with HFD. Mice chronically fed with a HFD or control diet (CD) were subcutaneously inoculated with androgen insensitive PC3 cells. Xenografts from HFD-fed mice showed increased expression of 7 miRNAs that we named "candidates" compared to CD-fed mice. These miRNAs modulate specific metabolic and cancer related pathways. Using bioinformatic tools and human datasets we found that hsa-miR-19b-3p and miR-101-3p showed more than 1,100 validated targets involved in proteoglycans in cancer and fatty acid biosynthesis. These miRNAs were significantly increased in the bloodstream of PCa patients compared to non-PCa volunteers, and in prostate tumors compared to normal adjacent tissues (NAT). Interestingly, both miRNAs were also increased in tumors of metastatic patients compared to tumors of non-metastatic patients. Further receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined that hsa-miR-19b-3p and hsa-miR-101-3p in serum showed poor predictive power to discriminate PCa from non-PCa patients. Hsa-miR-19b-3p showed the best score to discriminate between tumor and NAT, while hsa-miR-101-3p was useful to differentiate between metastatic and non-metastatic PCa patients. Hsa-miR-101-3p was increased in exosomes isolated from blood of PCa patients. Although more detailed functional exploration and validation of the molecular mechanisms are required, we identified hsa-miR-19b-3p and hsa-miR-101-3p with high potential for PCa diagnosis and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío B Duca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cintia Massillo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo N Dalton
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula L Farré
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen D Graña
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kevin Gardner
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center630 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Adriana De Siervi
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICETBuenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yan X, Gao Y, Tong J, Tian M, Dai J, Zhuang Y. Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Risk in Chinese Population. Front Oncol 2021; 11:585388. [PMID: 33777737 PMCID: PMC7990872 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.585388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies showed that insulin resistance (IR) was associated with cancer risk. However, few studies investigated the relationship between IR and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to explore the association of triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a simple surrogate marker of IR, with NSCLC risk. Methods 791 histologically confirmed NSCLC cases and 787 controls were enrolled in the present study. Fasting blood glucose and triglyceride were measured. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dl) ×fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the relationship between NSCLC risk and the TyG index. Results The TyG index was significantly higher in patients with NSCLC than that in controls (8.42 ± 0.55 vs 8.00 ± 0.45, P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the TyG index (OR = 3.651, 95%CI 2.461–5.417, P < 0.001) was independently associated with NSCLC risk after adjusting for conventional risk factors. In addition, a continuous rise in the incidence of NSCLC was observed along the tertiles of the TyG index (29.4 vs 53.8 vs 67.2%, P < 0.001). However, there were no differences of the TyG index in different pathological or TNM stages. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal cut-off level for the TyG index to predict incident NSCLC was 8.18, and the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) was 0.713(95% CI 0.688–0.738). Conclusions The TyG index is significantly correlated with NSCLC risk, and it may be suitable as a predictor for NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujuan Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingzhi Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinghong Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhuang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vihervuori VJ, Talala K, Taari K, Lahtela J, Tammela TLJ, Auvinen A, Raittinen P, Murtola TJ. Antidiabetic Drugs and Prostate Cancer Prognosis in a Finnish Population-Based Cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:982-989. [PMID: 33653815 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperinsulemia and glycemic control may play a role as prostate cancer prognostic factors, whereas use of certain antidiabetic drugs, that is metformin, could improve the prognosis. We examined the link between antidiabetic medication use and prostate cancer survival taking into account simultaneous use of multiple drugs. METHODS The study cohort composed of 6,537 men in The Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer with prostate cancer diagnosed 1996 to 2009. Use of medication was attained from the nationwide prescription database of the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. Median follow-up was 9.2 years postdiagnosis. A total of 1,603 (24,5%) men had used antidiabetic medication. A total of 771 men died of prostate cancer during the follow-up. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to evaluate the risk of prostate cancer death and onset of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with adjustment for prostate cancer clinical characteristics, comorbidities and use of other drugs. Separate analyses were further adjusted for blood glucose. RESULTS Risk of prostate cancer death was higher among antidiabetic drug users overall (HR = 1.42; 95% CI, 1.18-1.70) compared with nonusers, separately among insulin and metformin users. Adjustment for blood glucose level abolished the risk increase. Risk of ADT initiation was increased among the medication users (HR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05-1.49). CONCLUSIONS Men with prostate cancer using antidiabetic medication are generally at increased risk of dying from prostate cancer compared with nonusers. The risk association is driven by underlying diabetes, as adjustment for blood glucose level ameliorates the risk increase. IMPACT Type 2 diabetes should be considered as a risk factor when considering prostate cancer prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ville J Vihervuori
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | | | - Kimmo Taari
- Department of Urology, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Lahtela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teuvo L J Tammela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anssi Auvinen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Teemu J Murtola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Surgery, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fu BC, Tabung FK, Pernar CH, Wang W, Gonzalez-Feliciano AG, Chowdhury-Paulino IM, Clinton SK, Folefac E, Song M, Kibel AS, Giovannucci EL, Mucci LA. Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns and Risk of Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2021; 79:405-412. [PMID: 33422354 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperinsulinemia and inflammation are inter-related pathways that link diet with the risk of several chronic diseases. Evidence suggests that these pathways may also increase prostate cancer risk. OBJECTIVE To determine whether hyperinsulinemic diet and inflammatory diet are associated with prostate cancer incidence and mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We prospectively followed 41 209 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2014). Scores for two validated dietary patterns were calculated from food frequency questionnaires at baseline and updated every 4 yr. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Total, advanced, and lethal prostate cancer outcomes were assessed. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined for associations between two empirical hypothesis-oriented dietary patterns-empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern-and prostate cancer risk estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS During 28 yr of follow-up, 5929 incident cases of total prostate cancer, including 1019 advanced and 667 fatal, were documented. In multivariable-adjusted models, there was a 7% higher risk of advanced prostate cancer (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01-1.15) and a 9% higher risk of fatal prostate cancer (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00-1.18) per standard deviation (SD) increase in the hyperinsulinemic diet. When stratified by age, the hyperinsulinemic diet was associated with only earlier-onset aggressive prostate cancer (men under 65 yr), with per SD HRs of 1.20 (95% CI: 1.06-1.35) for advanced, 1.22 (1.04-1.42) for fatal, and 1.20 (1.04-1.38) for lethal. The inflammatory diet was not associated with prostate cancer risk in the overall study population, but was associated with earlier-onset lethal prostate cancer (per SD increase HR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.00-1.35). CONCLUSIONS Hyperinsulinemia and inflammation may be potential mechanisms linking dietary patterns with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, particularly earlier-onset disease. PATIENT SUMMARY Avoiding inflammatory and hyperinsulinemic dietary patterns may be beneficial for the prevention of clinically relevant prostate cancer, especially among younger men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire H Pernar
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weike Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Steven K Clinton
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Edmund Folefac
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Q, Liu J, Li R, Zhao R, Zhang M, Wei S, Ran D, Jin W, Wu C. A Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Anticancer Mechanism and Potential Active Ingredients of Rheum palmatum L. Against Lung Cancer via Induction of Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:528308. [PMID: 33250766 PMCID: PMC7672213 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.528308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheum palmatum L. (RPL) is a known traditional herbal medicine with the functions of “heat-clearing and damp-drying” in traditional Chinese medicine. Its anti-cancer effect against lung cancer has been confirmed previously, but the related mechanisms and active substances for its action has been little studied. This study adopted the network pharmacology, built the network map of drug ingredients and disease targets (DDN), and discussed the effective components of RPL and its possible mechanisms. All constituents of RPL were collected through database search and literature mining, and the potential active constituents were screened. The inverse pharmacophore matching model was used to predict the targets of active ingredients, and the method was supplemented by database retrieval and literature mining. Compounds-target data were inputted into Cytoscape software to build the DDN of RPL, and functional annotation analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were carried out. Finally, 20 active compounds were screened, which acted on 817 targets. A total of 22,418 lung cancer-related targets were collected, and 761 overlapped with drug targets. By bioinformatics annotation of these overlapping genes, a total of 235 gene ontology (GO) functional annotation analyses and 46 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were obtained. It was found that the enrichment of GO and KEGG was associated with apoptosis, suggesting RPL plays an anti-lung cancer role via inducing cell apoptosis. Subsequent cell experiment results showed RPL and its active constituents inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells and reduced clone formation rate of A549 cells via induction of apoptosis. In this study, the pharmacodynamic basis and mechanism of RPL against lung cancer were studied from the perspective of systematic pharmacology, which would be beneficial for further elucidating the anticancer effect of RPL on lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruolan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujun Wei
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Ran
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Aroke D, Folefac E, Shi N, Jin Q, Clinton SK, Tabung FK. Inflammatory and Insulinemic Dietary Patterns: Influence on Circulating Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Risk. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:841-852. [PMID: 32655006 PMCID: PMC7541682 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is common in countries with affluent dietary patterns and represents a heterogeneous collection of subtypes with varying behavior. Reductionist strategies focusing on individual nutrients or foods have not clearly defined risk factors. We have developed mechanisms-based dietary patterns focusing upon inflammation and chronic insulin hypersecretion, processes that are hypothesized to impact prostate carcinogenesis. In the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian cancer cohort, we calculated the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) scores from food frequency questionnaire data among 3,517 men and women who provided a blood sample at enrollment. We used these scores in multivariable-adjusted linear regression to validate EDIH and EDIP against relevant circulating biomarkers. In a separate sample of 49,317 men, we used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to evaluate associations of EDIH and EDIP with prostate cancer (total and subtypes) risk. Participants consuming the most hyperinsulinemic diets (EDIH quintile 5) had significantly higher concentrations of C-peptide, insulin, c-reactive protein, TNFα-R2, and lower adiponectin, than those in quintile 1. Similarly, participants consuming the most proinflammatory diets had significantly higher concentrations of IL6, TNFα-R2, C-peptide, insulin, and lower adiponectin. Men consuming hyperinsulinemic diets were at higher total prostate cancer risk: HRquintile5vs1, 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.23; P trend = 0.03, especially high-grade cancer: HRquintile5vs1, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37; P trend = 0.06. The EDIP was not associated with prostate cancer risk. In summary, EDIH and EDIP predicted concentrations of known insulinemic and inflammatory biomarkers, and EDIH further predicted risk of future prostate cancer. Interventions to reduce the adverse role of hyperinsulinemic diets may be a means of prostate cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Aroke
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Edmund Folefac
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ni Shi
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Qi Jin
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Steven K Clinton
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fred K Tabung
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio.
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Harrison S, Tilling K, Turner EL, Martin RM, Lennon R, Lane JA, Donovan JL, Hamdy FC, Neal DE, Bosch JLHR, Jones HE. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:431-449. [PMID: 32162172 PMCID: PMC7105428 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer remains unclear. However, there is an inverse association between BMI and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), used for prostate cancer screening. We conducted this review to estimate the associations between BMI and (1) prostate cancer, (2) advanced prostate cancer, and (3) PSA. METHODS We searched PubMed and Embase for studies until 02 October 2017 and obtained individual participant data from four studies. In total, 78 studies were identified for the association between BMI and prostate cancer, 21 for BMI and advanced prostate cancer, and 35 for BMI and PSA. We performed random-effects meta-analysis of linear associations of log-PSA and prostate cancer with BMI and, to examine potential non-linearity, of associations between categories of BMI and each outcome. RESULTS In the meta-analyses with continuous BMI, a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with a percentage change in PSA of - 5.88% (95% CI - 6.87 to - 4.87). Using BMI categories, compared to normal weight men the PSA levels of overweight men were 3.43% lower (95% CI - 5.57 to - 1.23), and obese men were 12.9% lower (95% CI - 15.2 to - 10.7). Prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer analyses showed little or no evidence associations. CONCLUSION There is little or no evidence of an association between BMI and risk of prostate cancer or advanced prostate cancer, and strong evidence of an inverse and non-linear association between BMI and PSA. The association between BMI and prostate cancer is likely biased if missed diagnoses are not considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Harrison
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
| | - Kate Tilling
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Emma L Turner
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Richard M Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Rosie Lennon
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, England
| | - J Athene Lane
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, England
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | - David E Neal
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - J L H Ruud Bosch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hayley E Jones
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rabin-Court A, Rodrigues MR, Zhang XM, Perry RJ. Obesity-associated, but not obesity-independent, tumors respond to insulin by increasing mitochondrial glucose oxidation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218126. [PMID: 31188872 PMCID: PMC6561592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased incidence and worse prognosis of more than one dozen tumor types; however, the molecular mechanisms for this association remain under debate. We hypothesized that insulin, which is elevated in obesity-driven insulin resistance, would increase tumor glucose oxidation in obesity-associated tumors. To test this hypothesis, we applied and validated a stable isotope method to measure the ratio of pyruvate dehydrogenase flux to citrate synthase flux (VPDH/VCS, i.e. the percent of total mitochondrial oxidation fueled by glucose) in tumor cells. Using this method, we found that three tumor cell lines associated with obesity (colon cancer [MC38], breast cancer [4T1], and prostate cancer [TRAMP-C3] cells) increase VPDH/VCS in response to physiologic concentrations of insulin. In contrast, three tumor cell lines that are not associated with obesity (melanoma [YUMM1.7], B cell lymphoma [BCL1 clone 5B1b], and small cell lung cancer [NCI-H69] cells) exhibited no oxidative response to insulin. The observed increase in glucose oxidation in response to insulin correlated with a dose-dependent increase in cell division in obesity-associated tumor cell lines when grown in insulin, whereas no alteration in cell division was seen in tumor types not associated with obesity. These data reveal that a shift in substrate preference in the setting of physiologic insulin may comprise a metabolic signature of obesity-associated tumors that differs from that of those not associated with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Rabin-Court
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Marcos R. Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Xian-Man Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Rachel J. Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shu X, Wu L, Khankari NK, Shu XO, Wang TJ, Michailidou K, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Dennis J, Milne RL, Schmidt MK, Pharoah PDP, Andrulis IL, Hunter DJ, Simard J, Easton DF, Zheng W. Associations of obesity and circulating insulin and glucose with breast cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:795-806. [PMID: 30277539 PMCID: PMC6734940 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the established association between general obesity and breast cancer risk, central obesity and circulating fasting insulin and glucose have been linked to the development of this common malignancy. Findings from previous studies, however, have been inconsistent, and the nature of the associations is unclear. METHODS We conducted Mendelian randomization analyses to evaluate the association of breast cancer risk, using genetic instruments, with fasting insulin, fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, body mass index (BMI) and BMI-adjusted waist-hip-ratio (WHRadj BMI). We first confirmed the association of these instruments with type 2 diabetes risk in a large diabetes genome-wide association study consortium. We then investigated their associations with breast cancer risk using individual-level data obtained from 98 842 cases and 83 464 controls of European descent in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. RESULTS All sets of instruments were associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. Associations with breast cancer risk were found for genetically predicted fasting insulin [odds ratio (OR) = 1.71 per standard deviation (SD) increase, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26-2.31, p = 5.09 × 10-4], 2-h glucose (OR = 1.80 per SD increase, 95% CI = 1.3 0-2.49, p = 4.02 × 10-4), BMI (OR = 0.70 per 5-unit increase, 95% CI = 0.65-0.76, p = 5.05 × 10-19) and WHRadj BMI (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.79-0.91, p = 9.22 × 10-6). Stratified analyses showed that genetically predicted fasting insulin was more closely related to risk of estrogen-receptor [ER]-positive cancer, whereas the associations with instruments of 2-h glucose, BMI and WHRadj BMI were consistent regardless of age, menopausal status, estrogen receptor status and family history of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed the previously reported inverse association of genetically predicted BMI with breast cancer risk, and showed a positive association of genetically predicted fasting insulin and 2-h glucose and an inverse association of WHRadj BMI with breast cancer risk. Our study suggests that genetically determined obesity and glucose/insulin-related traits have an important role in the aetiology of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lang Wu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nikhil K Khankari
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas J Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kelly SP, Lennon H, Sperrin M, Matthews C, Freedman ND, Albanes D, Leitzmann MF, Renehan AG, Cook MB. Body mass index trajectories across adulthood and smoking in relation to prostate cancer risks: the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:464-473. [PMID: 30376043 PMCID: PMC6469294 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously we showed that adulthood body mass index (BMI) trajectories that result in obesity were associated with elevated risks of fatal prostate cancer (PCA). To further explore this relationship, we conducted a study within the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. METHODS Among 153 730 eligible men enrolled in the NIH-AARP cohort from 1995 to 1996 (median follow-up = 15.1 years), we identified 630 fatal PCA cases and 16 896 incident cases. BMI was assessed for ages 18, 35 and 50 and at study entry, enabling examination of latent class-identified BMI trajectories. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS BMI at study entry (mean age = 63, HR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.24, per 5-unit increase) and maximum BMI during adulthood (HR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.24, per 5-unit increase) shared modest associations with increased risk of fatal PCA. Smoking status likely modified the relationship between BMI trajectories and fatal PCA (Pinteraction = 0.035 via change-in-estimate variable section, P = 0.065 via full a priori model). Among never-smokers, BMI trajectory of normal weight to obesity was associated with increased risk of fatal disease (HR = 2.37; 95% CI = 1.38, 4.09), compared with the maintained normal weight trajectory, whereas there was no association among former or current-smokers. Total and non-aggressive PCA exhibited modest inverse associations with BMI at all ages, whereas no association was observed for aggressive PCA. CONCLUSIONS Increased BMI was positively associated with fatal PCA, especially among never-smokers. Future studies that examine PCA survival will provide additional insight as to whether these associations are the result of biology or confounding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Kelly
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Lennon
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health
| | - Matthew Sperrin
- Farr Institute, MRC Health eResearch Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Charles Matthews
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael F Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andrew G Renehan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health
- Farr Institute, MRC Health eResearch Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael B Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Saboori S, Rad EY, Birjandi M, Mohiti S, Falahi E. Serum insulin level, HOMA-IR and prostate cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:110-115. [PMID: 30641680 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This meta-analysis study was performed to assess serum insulin level and insulin resistance status in prostate cancer patients in observational studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was performed for observational studies in Scopus, PubMed, Ovid and ISI Web of Science up to July 2017. RESULTS From 2070 publication were searched firstly, only 10 studies with 9 and 6 arms included for the meta-analysis assessing serum insulin level and HOMA-IR status in prostate cancer patients, respectively. Pooled effects analysis showed that the Fasting insulin level was significantly higher in men with prostate cancer compared to control group (WMD = 2.12 μ IU/ml, 95%CI; 0.26, 3.99; P = 0.02). Sub-group analysis showed that the elevation in serum insulin level takes place only in patients with ages more than 65 years old (WMD = 3.88 μ IU/ml, 95%CI; 2.28, 5.48; P < 0.001). HOMA-IR was no significantly different between study groups. However, the difference got statistically significant after sub-grouping patients based on their age (WMD = 1.37, 95% CI; 0.61, 2.12; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis study showed higher fasting serum insulin and HOMA-IR levels especially in patients with ages more than 65 years..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Saboori
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Yousefi Rad
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Birjandi
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Sara Mohiti
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Falahi
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yarmolinsky J, Berryman K, Langdon R, Bonilla C, Davey Smith G, Martin RM, Lewis SJ. Mendelian randomization does not support serum calcium in prostate cancer risk. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:1073-1080. [PMID: 30306355 PMCID: PMC6245088 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Observational studies suggest that dietary and serum calcium are risk factors for prostate cancer. However, such studies suffer from residual confounding (due to unmeasured or imprecisely measured confounders), undermining causal inference. Mendelian randomization uses randomly assigned (hence unconfounded and pre-disease onset) germline genetic variation to proxy for phenotypes and strengthen causal inference in observational studies. We tested the hypothesis that serum calcium is associated with an increased risk of overall and advanced prostate cancer. METHODS A genetic instrument was constructed using five single-nucleotide polymorphisms robustly associated with serum calcium in a genome-wide association study (n ≤ 61,079). This instrument was then used to test the effect of a 0.5 mg/dL increase (1 standard deviation, SD) in serum calcium on risk of prostate cancer in 72,729 men in the PRACTICAL (Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome) Consortium (44,825 cases, 27,904 controls) and risk of advanced prostate cancer in 33,498 men (6,263 cases, 27,235 controls). RESULTS We found weak evidence for a protective effect of serum calcium on prostate cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] per 0.5 mg/dL increase in calcium: 0.83, 95% CI 0.63-1.08; p = 0.12). We did not find strong evidence for an effect of serum calcium on advanced prostate cancer (OR per 0.5 mg/dL increase in calcium: 0.98, 95% CI 0.57-1.70; p = 0.93). CONCLUSIONS Our Mendelian randomization analysis does not support the hypothesis that serum calcium increases risk of overall or advanced prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Yarmolinsky
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Katie Berryman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ryan Langdon
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Carolina Bonilla
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The association of metformin use with prostate cancer aggressiveness among Black Americans and White Americans in a population-based study. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:1143-1150. [PMID: 30267174 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metformin has been associated with a reduced incidence of prostate cancer and improved prostate cancer outcomes. However, whether race modifies the association between metformin use and prostate cancer aggressiveness remains uncertain. The association between metformin use and prostate cancer aggressiveness was examined separately in Black Americans (Blacks) and White Americans (Whites). METHODS The study population consisted of 305 Black and 195 White research participants with incident prostate cancer and self-reported diabetes from the North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project. High-aggressive prostate cancer was defined using a composite measure of Gleason sum, prostate-specific antigen, and clinical stage. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between metformin use and high-aggressive prostate cancer at diagnosis, separately among Whites and Blacks, with adjustment for age, screening history, site, education, insurance, and body mass index. RESULTS Metformin use was associated positively with high-aggressive prostate cancer in Blacks (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.05, 3.83). By contrast, a weak inverse association between metformin use and high-aggressive prostate cancer was found in Whites (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.34, 1.85). CONCLUSIONS The association between metformin use and prostate cancer aggressiveness may be modified by race.
Collapse
|
32
|
Jayedi A, Djafarian K, Rezagholizadeh F, Mirzababaei A, Hajimohammadi M, Shab-Bidar S. Fasting blood glucose and risk of prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of dose-response. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2018; 44:320-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
33
|
Di Sebastiano KM, Pinthus JH, Duivenvoorden WCM, Mourtzakis M. Glucose impairments and insulin resistance in prostate cancer: the role of obesity, nutrition and exercise. Obes Rev 2018; 19:1008-1016. [PMID: 29573216 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperinsulinemia, obesity and related metabolic diseases are associated with prostate cancer development. Prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are at increased risk for metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, while pre-existing metabolic conditions may be exacerbated. PURPOSE An integrative approach is used to describe the interactions between insulin, glucose metabolism, obesity and prostate cancer. The potential role of nutrition and exercise will also be examined. FINDINGS Hyperinsulinemia is associated with prostate cancer development, progression and aggressiveness. Prostate cancer patients who undergo ADT are at risk of diabetes in survivorship. It is unclear whether this is a direct result of treatment or related to pre-existing metabolic features (e.g. hyperinsulinemia and obesity). Obesity and metabolic syndrome are also associated with prostate cancer development and poorer outcomes for cancer survivors, which may be driven by hyperinsulinemia, pro-inflammation, hyperleptinemia and/or hypoadiponectinemia. CONCLUSIONS Independently evaluating changes in glucose metabolism near the time of prostate cancer diagnosis and during long-term ADT treatment is important to distinguish their unique contributions to the development of metabolic disturbances. Integrative approaches, including metabolic, clinical and body composition measures, are needed to understand the role of adiposity and insulin resistance in prostate cancer and to develop effective nutrition and exercise interventions to improve secondary diseases in survivorship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Di Sebastiano
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - J H Pinthus
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - W C M Duivenvoorden
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Mourtzakis
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fasting blood glucose, glycaemic control and prostate cancer risk in the Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:1248-1254. [PMID: 29563633 PMCID: PMC5943324 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic men have lowered overall risk of prostate cancer (PCa), but the role of hyperglycaemia is unclear. In this cohort study, we estimated PCa risk among men with diabetic fasting blood glucose level. Methods Participants of the Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (FinRSPC) were linked to laboratory database for information on glucose measurements since 1978. The data were available for 17,860 men. Based on the average yearly level, the men were categorised as normoglycaemic, prediabetic, or diabetic. Median follow-up was 14.7 years. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for prostate cancer overall and separately by Gleason grade and metastatic stage. Results In total 1,663 PCa cases were diagnosed. Compared to normoglycaemic men, those men with diabetic blood glucose level had increased risk of PCa (HR 1.52; 95% CI 1.31–1.75). The risk increase was observed for all tumour grades, and persisted for a decade afterwards. Antidiabetic drug use removed the risk association. Limitations include absence of information on lifestyle factors and limited information on BMI. Conclusions Untreated diabetic fasting blood glucose level may be a prostate cancer risk factor.
Collapse
|
35
|
Hammarsten J, Damber JE, Haghsheno MA, Mellström D, Peeker R. A stage-dependent link between metabolic syndrome components and incident prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2018; 15:321-333. [PMID: 29434372 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2018.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased cancer risk and progression at almost all sites, including the prostate in high-stage prostate cancer. However, several reports have described an inverse relationship between metabolic syndrome and its components and low-stage incident prostate cancer. Such anomalies in cancer research hamper efforts to fight cancer. Evidence suggests that metabolic syndrome and its components have two distinct effects in prostate cancer, concealing prostate cancer in low-stage disease and promoting progression to high-stage incident, nonlocalized, and lethal prostate cancer. The concealment of prostate cancer by metabolic syndrome and its components might be related to bias mechanisms that reduce PSA level and lead to a delayed diagnosis of low-stage prostate cancer, meaning that fewer men with metabolic syndrome are diagnosed with low-stage disease. The inverse link between metabolic syndrome and its components and low-stage incident prostate cancer might simply be the result of such bias and the shortcomings of the diagnostic procedure rather than being related to prostate cancer biology itself. The evidence summarized here supports the hypothesis that the link between metabolic syndrome and its components and incident prostate cancer is a two-way and stage-dependent one, a theory that requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hammarsten
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Bruna stråket 11 B, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jan-Erik Damber
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Bruna stråket 11 B, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mohammad A Haghsheno
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Bruna stråket 11 B, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Dan Mellström
- Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and at Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Building K, 6th Floor, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, SE-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Ralph Peeker
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Bruna stråket 11 B, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gonzalez-Menendez P, Hevia D, Mayo JC, Sainz RM. The dark side of glucose transporters in prostate cancer: Are they a new feature to characterize carcinomas? Int J Cancer 2017; 142:2414-2424. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Gonzalez-Menendez
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology; Redox Biology Unit, University Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA). University of Oviedo. Facultad de Medicina.; Oviedo Spain
| | - David Hevia
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology; Redox Biology Unit, University Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA). University of Oviedo. Facultad de Medicina.; Oviedo Spain
| | - Juan C. Mayo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology; Redox Biology Unit, University Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA). University of Oviedo. Facultad de Medicina.; Oviedo Spain
| | - Rosa M. Sainz
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology; Redox Biology Unit, University Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA). University of Oviedo. Facultad de Medicina.; Oviedo Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dickerman BA, Torfadottir JE, Valdimarsdottir UA, Wilson KM, Steingrimsdottir L, Aspelund T, Batista JL, Fall K, Giovannucci E, Sigurdardottir LG, Tryggvadottir L, Gudnason V, Markt SC, Mucci LA. Midlife metabolic factors and prostate cancer risk in later life. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:1166-1173. [PMID: 29114858 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is associated with several cancers, but evidence for aggressive prostate cancer is sparse. We prospectively investigated the influence of metabolic syndrome and its components on risk of total prostate cancer and measures of aggressive disease in a cohort of Icelandic men. Men in the Reykjavik Study (n = 9,097, enrolled 1967-1987) were followed for incident (n = 1,084 total; n = 378 advanced; n = 148 high-grade) and fatal (n = 340) prostate cancer until 2014. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for (1) measured metabolic factors at cohort entry (body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose) and (2) a metabolic syndrome score (range 0-4) combining the risk factors: BMI ≥30 kg/m2 ; systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥130 or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥85 mm Hg or taking antihypertensives; triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl; fasting blood glucose ≥100 mg/dl or self-reported type 2 diabetes. Hypertension and type 2 diabetes were associated with a higher risk of total, advanced, high-grade, and fatal prostate cancer, independent of BMI. Neither BMI nor triglycerides were associated with prostate cancer risk. Higher metabolic syndrome score (3-4 vs 0) was associated with a higher risk of fatal prostate cancer (HR 1.55; 95% CI: 0.89, 2.69; p trend = 0.08), although this finding was not statistically significant. Our findings suggest a positive association between midlife hypertension and diabetes and risk of total and aggressive prostate cancer. Further, metabolic syndrome as a combination of factors was associated with an increased risk of fatal prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbra A Dickerman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Unnur A Valdimarsdottir
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kathryn M Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laufey Steingrimsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, University Hospital & the Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,The Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Julie L Batista
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Katja Fall
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lara G Sigurdardottir
- Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Education and Prevention, The Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- The Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sarah C Markt
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Perez-Cornago A, Appleby PN, Pischon T, Tsilidis KK, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Overvad K, Kaaks R, Kühn T, Boeing H, Steffen A, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Kritikou M, Krogh V, Palli D, Sacerdote C, Tumino R, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Agudo A, Larrañaga N, Molina-Portillo E, Barricarte A, Chirlaque MD, Quirós JR, Stattin P, Häggström C, Wareham N, Khaw KT, Schmidt JA, Gunter M, Freisling H, Aune D, Ward H, Riboli E, Key TJ, Travis RC. Tall height and obesity are associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer: results from the EPIC cohort study. BMC Med 2017; 15:115. [PMID: 28701188 PMCID: PMC5508687 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between body size and prostate cancer risk, and in particular risk by tumour characteristics, is not clear because most studies have not differentiated between high-grade or advanced stage tumours, but rather have assessed risk with a combined category of aggressive disease. We investigated the association of height and adiposity with incidence of and death from prostate cancer in 141,896 men in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. METHODS Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After an average of 13.9 years of follow-up, there were 7024 incident prostate cancers and 934 prostate cancer deaths. RESULTS Height was not associated with total prostate cancer risk. Subgroup analyses showed heterogeneity in the association with height by tumour grade (P heterogeneity = 0.002), with a positive association with risk for high-grade but not low-intermediate-grade disease (HR for high-grade disease tallest versus shortest fifth of height, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.18-2.03). Greater height was also associated with a higher risk for prostate cancer death (HR = 1.43, 1.14-1.80). Body mass index (BMI) was significantly inversely associated with total prostate cancer, but there was evidence of heterogeneity by tumour grade (P heterogeneity = 0.01; HR = 0.89, 0.79-0.99 for low-intermediate grade and HR = 1.32, 1.01-1.72 for high-grade prostate cancer) and stage (P heterogeneity = 0.01; HR = 0.86, 0.75-0.99 for localised stage and HR = 1.11, 0.92-1.33 for advanced stage). BMI was positively associated with prostate cancer death (HR = 1.35, 1.09-1.68). The results for waist circumference were generally similar to those for BMI, but the associations were slightly stronger for high-grade (HR = 1.43, 1.07-1.92) and fatal prostate cancer (HR = 1.55, 1.23-1.96). CONCLUSIONS The findings from this large prospective study show that men who are taller and who have greater adiposity have an elevated risk of high-grade prostate cancer and prostate cancer death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF United Kingdom
| | - Paul N. Appleby
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Annika Steffen
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | | | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute – ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, AO Citta’ della Salute e della Scienza-University of Turin and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO-Piemonte), Turin, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, “Civic - M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale, Ragusa, Italy
| | - H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Regional Government of the Basque Country, Donostia, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Molina-Portillo
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Pär Stattin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christel Häggström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A. Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF United Kingdom
| | - Marc Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Ward
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J. Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF United Kingdom
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Argirion I, Weinstein SJ, Männistö S, Albanes D, Mondul AM. Serum Insulin, Glucose, Indices of Insulin Resistance, and Risk of Lung Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:1519-1524. [PMID: 28698186 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although insulin may increase the risk of some cancers, few studies have examined fasting serum insulin and lung cancer risk.Methods: We examined serum insulin, glucose, and indices of insulin resistance [insulin:glucose molar ratio and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] and lung cancer risk using a case-cohort study within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study of Finnish men. A total of 196 cases and 395 subcohort members were included. Insulin and glucose were measured in fasting serum collected 5 to 12 years before diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to estimate the relative risk of lung cancer.Results: The average time between blood collection and lung cancer was 9.6 years. Fasting serum insulin levels were 8.7% higher in subcohort members than cases. After multivariable adjustment, men in the fourth quartile of insulin had a significantly higher risk of lung cancer than those in the first quartile [HR = 2.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12-3.94]. A similar relationship was seen with HOMA-IR (HR = 1.83; 95% CI, 0.99-3.38). Risk was not strongly associated with glucose or the insulin:glucose molar ratio (Ptrend = 0.55 and Ptrend = 0.27, respectively).Conclusions: Higher fasting serum insulin concentrations, as well as the presence of insulin resistance, appear to be associated with an elevated risk of lung cancer development.Impact: Although insulin is hypothesized to increase risk of some cancers, insulin and lung cancer remain understudied. Higher insulin levels and insulin resistance were associated with increased lung cancer risk. Although smoking cessation is the best method of lung cancer prevention, other lifestyle changes that affect insulin concentrations and sensitivity may reduce lung cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(10); 1519-24. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Argirion
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alison M Mondul
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yanase T, Kawanami T, Tanaka T, Tanabe M, Nomiyama T. Impact of metabolic disorders on prostate cancer growth: Androgen and insulin resistance perspectives. Reprod Med Biol 2017; 16:252-257. [PMID: 29259475 PMCID: PMC5715889 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A high prevalence of cancers in metabolic disorders, like metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), recently has been noted, including prostate cancer (PC), which is androgen-sensitive. However, the pathological relationship among testosterone and insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 signaling in relation to MetS and T2DM with PC remains unclear. Methods Papers were reviewed, including those by the authors. Results In MetS or the initial stage of T2DM accompanying insulin resistance, insulin and IGF-1 signaling could be essential for PC growth. In the advanced stage of T2DM, the decrease in insulin secretion might work against PC growth. A decrease in testosterone concentration with T2DM also might suppress PC proliferation. Androgen deprivation therapy in patients with PC might increase the risk of MetS and/or T2DM and consequently cardiovascular events. Certain drugs for T2DM treatment, such as metformin and glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, potentially might be useful for the treatment of PC. Conclusion The improvement of insulin resistance appears to be essential for the prevention of PC growth. Further studies are needed to clarify the complicated pathophysiology of metabolic disorders in PC growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tashihiko Yanase
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Bioregulatory Science of Life‐related DiseasesFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Takako Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Tomoko Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Bioregulatory Science of Life‐related DiseasesFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Makito Tanabe
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Takashi Nomiyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes MellitusSchool of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Bioregulatory Science of Life‐related DiseasesFukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mondul AM, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D. Vitamins, metabolomics, and prostate cancer. World J Urol 2017; 35:883-893. [PMID: 27339624 PMCID: PMC5182198 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-016-1878-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE How micronutrients might influence risk of developing adenocarcinoma of the prostate has been the focus of a large body of research (especially regarding vitamins E, A, and D). Metabolomic profiling has the potential to discover molecular species relevant to prostate cancer etiology, early detection, and prevention, and may help elucidate the biologic mechanisms through which vitamins influence prostate cancer risk. METHODS Prostate cancer risk data related to vitamins E, A, and D and metabolomic profiling from clinical, cohort, and nested case-control studies, along with randomized controlled trials, are examined and summarized, along with recent metabolomic data of the vitamin phenotypes. RESULTS Higher vitamin E serologic status is associated with lower prostate cancer risk, and vitamin E genetic variant data support this. By contrast, controlled vitamin E supplementation trials have had mixed results based on differing designs and dosages. Beta-carotene supplementation (in smokers) and higher circulating retinol and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D concentrations appear related to elevated prostate cancer risk. Our prospective metabolomic profiling of fasting serum collected 1-20 years prior to clinical diagnoses found reduced lipid and energy/TCA cycle metabolites, including inositol-1-phosphate, lysolipids, alpha-ketoglutarate, and citrate, significantly associated with lower risk of aggressive disease. CONCLUSIONS Several active leads exist regarding the role of micronutrients and metabolites in prostate cancer carcinogenesis and risk. How vitamins D and A may adversely impact risk, and whether low-dose vitamin E supplementation remains a viable preventive approach, require further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Mondul
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive 6e342, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive 6e342, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kelly SP, Graubard BI, Andreotti G, Younes N, Cleary SD, Cook MB. Prediagnostic Body Mass Index Trajectories in Relation to Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:2905639. [PMID: 27754927 PMCID: PMC5074530 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence suggests that obesity in adulthood is associated with increased risk of "clinically significant" prostate cancer. However, studies of body mass index (BMI) across the adult life course and prostate cancer risks remain limited. Methods In a prospective cohort of 69 873 men in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, we examined associations of prediagnostic BMI across the adult life course with risk of incident prostate cancer and fatal prostate cancer (prostate cancer-specific mortality). At 13 years of follow-up, we identified 7822 incident prostate cancer cases, of which 3078 were aggressive and 255 fatal. BMI trajectories were determined using latent-class trajectory modeling. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results BMI at age 20 years, 50 years, and baseline questionnaire (mean age = 63 years) were associated with increased risks of fatal prostate cancer (HRs = 1.27-1.32 per five-unit increase). In five BMI trajectories identified, fatal prostate cancer risk was increased in men who had a normal BMI (HR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.21 to 3.12) or who were overweight (HR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.35 to 5.18) at age 20 years and developed obesity by baseline compared with men who maintained a normal BMI. Aggressive and nonaggressive prostate cancer were not associated with BMI, and modest inverse associations were seen for total prostate cancer. Conclusions Our results suggest that BMI trajectories during adulthood that result in obesity lead to an elevated risk of fatal prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Kelly
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (SPK, BIG, GA, MBC); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC (SPK, NY, SDC)
| | - Barry I Graubard
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (SPK, BIG, GA, MBC); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC (SPK, NY, SDC)
| | - Gabriella Andreotti
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (SPK, BIG, GA, MBC); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC (SPK, NY, SDC)
| | - Naji Younes
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (SPK, BIG, GA, MBC); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC (SPK, NY, SDC)
| | - Sean D Cleary
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (SPK, BIG, GA, MBC); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC (SPK, NY, SDC)
| | - Michael B Cook
- Affiliations of authors: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (SPK, BIG, GA, MBC); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC (SPK, NY, SDC)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Loftfield E, Freedman ND, Lai GY, Weinstein SJ, McGlynn KA, Taylor PR, Männistö S, Albanes D, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ. Higher Glucose and Insulin Levels Are Associated with Risk of Liver Cancer and Chronic Liver Disease Mortality among Men without a History of Diabetes. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:866-874. [PMID: 27574287 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance likely increases the risk of chronic liver disease (CLD) and liver cancer, but long-term prospective studies with measured fasting glucose and insulin are lacking. We evaluated the associations of prediagnostic fasting glucose, insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) with liver cancer and CLD mortality in a prospective study of Finnish male smokers with extended follow-up time (≤22 years) and information on known risk factors using data from 138 incident primary liver cancer cases, 216 CLD deaths, and 681 matched controls. Fasting glucose and insulin were measured in baseline serum. We used unconditional logistic regression to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, alcohol, education, smoking, body mass index, and hepatitis B and C viral status. Among those without self-reported diabetes, glucose was positively associated with liver cancer [quartile 3 vs. quartile 1 (Q3/Q1): OR = 1.88; 1.03-3.49; Q4/Q1: OR = 2.40; 1.33-4.35; Ptrend = 0.002], and undiagnosed, biochemically defined, diabetes was associated with higher risk of liver cancer (OR = 2.95; 1.46-5.96) and CLD mortality (OR = 1.88; 1.00-3.56). Serum insulin and HOMA-IR were also positively associated with liver cancer (Q4/Q1: OR = 3.41; 1.74-6.66; Ptrend < 0.0001; OR = 3.72; 1.89-7.32, Ptrend < 0.0001, respectively) and CLD (OR = 2.51; 1.44-4.37; Ptrend = 0.0002; OR = 2.31; 1.34-3.97; Ptrend = 0.001, respectively), with stronger associations observed for liver cancer diagnosed >10 years after baseline. In conclusion, elevated fasting glucose and insulin and insulin resistance were independently associated with risk of liver cancer and CLD mortality, suggesting a potentially important etiologic role for insulin and glucose dysregulation even in the absence of diagnosed diabetes. Cancer Prev Res; 9(11); 866-74. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland.
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Gabriel Y Lai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | | | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Uchio E, Meyskens FL, Wang PH. Deciphering the Effect of Metformin on Prostate Cancer Risk by Ethnicity. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:777-778. [PMID: 27432345 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Uchio
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Frank L Meyskens
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Ping H Wang
- UC Irvine Diabetes Center, University of California, Irvine, California.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Moyad MA, Vogelzang NJ. Heart healthy equals prostate healthy and statins, aspirin, and/or metformin (S.A.M.) are the ideal recommendations for prostate cancer prevention. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:783-91. [PMID: 25657084 PMCID: PMC4577591 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.148070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the number one cause of death in the U.S. for 114 of the last 115 years. Lifestyle factors that promote CVD also appear to increase prostate cancer risk and those that reduce CVD risk also appear to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The largest randomized trials utilizing dietary supplements or pharmacologic agents for prostate cancer prevention (Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial [SELECT]) have also shed light on the problems and future solutions in this area. Dietary supplements that have not been found to be CVD protective, such as selenium and Vitamin E have not been found to be prostate protective. In addition, over exposure to specific anti-oxidants in nutritionally replete populations may be encouraging cancer growth. Future trials of dietary supplements to prevent prostate cancer could be problematic because by the time a definitive trial is initiated the participants will no longer be “deficient” in the nutrient being tested, which arguably occurred in the SELECT trial. It is also interesting that statins, aspirin, and/or metformin (S.A.M.) are 3 generic, low-cost, heart healthy agents derived from natural sources with separate mechanism of actions, which all appear to have the best benefit to risk ratio compared to any other agent available for prostate cancer prevention, especially aggressive disease, or as an ancillary agent (s) to conventional cancer treatment. It is time to focus on the forest over the trees and recommend proven CVD protective measures for men concerned about their risk of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Moyad
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a complex, heterogeneous disease. Factors related to detection, particularly PSA screening, further increase heterogeneity in the manifestation of the disease. It is thus not possible to provide a simple summary of the relationship between obesity and prostate cancer. Findings on obesity, often defined using body mass index (BMI), and total prostate cancer risk have been mixed; however, obesity is relatively consistently associated with a higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer, with aggressiveness defined in various ways (e.g., advanced stage, fatal, poorer prognosis in men with prostate cancer). Many methodologic issues (e.g., influence of PSA screening, detection bias and treatment) need to be thoroughly considered in both existing and future etiologic and prognostic research. Biological mechanisms supporting the link are under investigation, but may involve insulin and IGF axis, sex steroid hormones and alterations in metabolism. Some promising data suggest that molecular sub-types of prostate cancer may offer insights into etiology, but further study is required. A full evaluation of body fatness and weight change over the life course would not only provide insights to the underlying mechanisms but also allow more effective interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cao
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Heart Healthy = Prostate Healthy and S.A.M. are the Ideal “Natural” Recommendations for Prostate Cancer. Prostate Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800077-9.00020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
48
|
Nimptsch K, Pischon T. Obesity Biomarkers, Metabolism and Risk of Cancer: An Epidemiological Perspective. Recent Results Cancer Res 2016; 208:199-217. [PMID: 27909909 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42542-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic alterations that may pose a biological link between body fatness and risk of cancer. Elucidating the role of obesity-related biomarkers in cancer development is essential for developing targeted strategies aiming at obesity-associated cancer prevention. Molecular epidemiological studies of the past decades have provided evidence that major hormonal pathways linking obesity and cancer risk include the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis, sex-steroid hormones, adipokines and chronic low-grade inflammation. These pathways are interrelated with each other, and their importance varies by obesity-related cancer type. The insulin/IGF-1 axis has been implicated to play an important mediating role in the association between obesity and risk of pancreatic, colorectal and prostate cancer. Endogenous sex-steroid hormone concentrations, in particular obesity-associated pre-diagnostic elevations of estrogens and androgens, play an important role in postmenopausal breast cancer and endometrial cancer development. The adipokines adiponectin and leptin and adipocyte-mediated chronic low-grade inflammation represented by the acute-phase C-reactive protein may explain a substantial part of the association between obesity and risk of colorectal cancer. There is less evidence on whether these hormonal pathways play a mediating role in other obesity-associated types of cancer. In this chapter, the molecular epidemiologic evidence from prospective studies relating circulating obesity-related biomarkers to cancer risk is summarized, taking into account available evidence from Mendelian Randomization investigations aiming at improving causal inference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Möller E, Wilson KM, Batista JL, Mucci LA, Bälter K, Giovannucci E. Body size across the life course and prostate cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:853-65. [PMID: 26355806 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence of an association between body size and prostate cancer is conflicting, possibly due to differential effects of body size across the lifespan and the heterogeneity of the disease. We therefore examined childhood and adult body size in relation to total incident prostate cancer and prognostic subtypes in a prospective cohort of 47,491 US men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We assessed adult height, body mass index (BMI) in early and middle-to-late adulthood, adult waist circumference, and body shape at age 10. With follow-up from 1986 to 2010, we estimated the relative risk (RR) of prostate cancer using Cox proportional hazards models. We identified 6,183 incident cases. Tallness was associated with increased risk of advanced-stage tumors, particularly fatal disease (RR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.23-2.23, highest vs. lowest quintile, ptrend < 0.001). High BMI at age 21 was inversely associated with total prostate cancer (RR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.80-0.98, BMI ≥ 26 vs. 20-21.9, ptrend = 0.01) and with fatal and advanced disease. The association for late adult BMI differed by age (pinteraction < 0.001); high BMI was inversely associated with total prostate cancer (RR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.51-0.78, BMI ≥ 30 vs. 21-22.9, ptrend <0.001) and with non-advanced and less aggressive tumors among men ≤ 65 years, whereas no association was seen among men >65 years. Adult waist circumference was weakly inversely associated with less aggressive disease. Childhood obesity was unclearly related to risk. Our study confirms tall men to be at increased risk of fatal and advanced prostate cancer. The influence of adiposity varies by prognostic disease subtype and by age. The relationship between body size and prostate cancer is complex. Body size changes progressively throughout life and consequent effects on prostate cancer risk may be associated with related changes in hormonal and metabolic pathways. This large prospective study examined potential associations between the risk of various prostate cancer subtypes and multiple anthropometric measures at different ages in men. Tallness was confirmed to be associated with an elevated risk of advanced prostate cancer, particularly fatal disease. The extent to which body weight influenced risk varied according to factors such as age and disease subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Möller
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kathryn M Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Julie L Batista
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Centre for Public Health Science, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Katarina Bälter
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Michalakis K, Venihaki M, Mantzoros C, Vazaiou A, Ilias I, Gryparis A, Margioris AN. In prostate cancer, low adiponectin levels are not associated with insulin resistance. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45:572-8. [PMID: 25833038 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adiponectin, an adipose tissue-derived hormone with insulin-sensitizing effect, has been inversely associated with several hormonally dependent malignancies. Prostate cancer is associated with low levels of adiponectin, which have been proposed as an independent risk factor for this malignancy. Aim of this study was to examine whether hypoadiponectinaemia in prostate is associated with insulin resistance. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Plasma samples and covariate data in the context of a case-control study of 300 Greek men were evaluated including 75 patients with prostate cancer, 75 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 150 age-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Patients with prostate cancer had significantly lower plasma adiponectin levels compared with the other two groups, that is BPH patients and healthy controls (7.4 ± 5 ng/mL vs. 11.5 ± 6.4 ng/mL and 12.8 ± 8 ng/mL, respectively). On the other hand, no statistically significant differences were found between patients with prostate cancer and the other two groups for both HOMA-IR and QUICKI (P-value = 0.551). As expected, in all three groups, the levels of adiponectin correlated negatively with HOMA-IR (rho = -0.214, P-value = 0.006), QUICKI (rho = 0.214, P-value = 0.006) and insulin levels (rho = 0.942, P-value < 0.001). CONCLUSION In spite of what would have been expected from the relevant literature, our data suggest that the hypoadiponectinaemia in prostatic cancer does not appear to be associated with insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Michalakis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 'Laiko' General Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Venihaki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christos Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andriani Vazaiou
- Second Department of Pediatrics & Diabetes Center, P & A Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ilias
- Endocrine Department, E. Venizelou Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Gryparis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Andrew N Margioris
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| |
Collapse
|