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Castell-Miller CV, Kono TJ, Ranjan A, Schlatter DC, Samac DA, Kimball JA. Interactive transcriptome analyses of Northern Wild Rice ( Zizania palustris L.) and Bipolaris oryzae show convoluted communications during the early stages of fungal brown spot development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1350281. [PMID: 38736448 PMCID: PMC11086184 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1350281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Fungal diseases, caused mainly by Bipolaris spp., are past and current threats to Northern Wild Rice (NWR) grain production and germplasm preservation in both natural and cultivated settings. Genetic resistance against the pathogen is scarce. Toward expanding our understanding of the global gene communications of NWR and Bipolaris oryzae interaction, we designed an RNA sequencing study encompassing the first 12 h and 48 h of their encounter. NWR activated numerous plant recognition receptors after pathogen infection, followed by active transcriptional reprogramming of signaling mechanisms driven by Ca2+ and its sensors, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, activation of an oxidative burst, and phytohormone signaling-bound mechanisms. Several transcription factors associated with plant defense were found to be expressed. Importantly, evidence of diterpenoid phytoalexins, especially phytocassane biosynthesis, among expression of other defense genes was found. In B. oryzae, predicted genes associated with pathogenicity including secreted effectors that could target plant defense mechanisms were expressed. This study uncovered the early molecular communication between the NWR-B. oryzae pathosystem, which could guide selection for allele-specific genes to boost NWR defenses, and overall aid in the development of more efficient selection methods in NWR breeding through the use of the most virulent fungal isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J.Y. Kono
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Daniel C. Schlatter
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Deborah A. Samac
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Kimball
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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Mou B, Zhao G, Wang J, Wang S, He F, Ning Y, Li D, Zheng X, Cui F, Xue F, Zhang S, Sun W. The OsCPK17-OsPUB12-OsRLCK176 module regulates immune homeostasis in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:987-1006. [PMID: 37831412 PMCID: PMC10980343 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant immunity is fine-tuned to balance growth and defense. However, little is yet known about molecular mechanisms underlying immune homeostasis in rice (Oryza sativa). In this study, we reveal that a rice calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK), OsCPK17, interacts with and stabilizes the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) OsRLCK176, a close homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (AtBIK1). Oxidative burst and pathogenesis-related gene expression triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns are significantly attenuated in the oscpk17 mutant. The oscpk17 mutant and OsCPK17-silenced lines are more susceptible to bacterial diseases than the wild-type plants, indicating that OsCPK17 positively regulates rice immunity. Furthermore, the plant U-box (PUB) protein OsPUB12 ubiquitinates and degrades OsRLCK176. OsCPK17 phosphorylates OsRLCK176 at Ser83, which prevents the ubiquitination of OsRLCK176 by OsPUB12 and thereby enhances the stability and immune function of OsRLCK176. The phenotypes of the ospub12 mutant in defense responses and disease resistance show that OsPUB12 negatively regulates rice immunity. Therefore, OsCPK17 and OsPUB12 reciprocally maintain OsRLCK176 homeostasis and function as positive and negative immune regulators, respectively. This study uncovers positive cross talk between CDPK- and RLCK-mediated immune signaling in plants and reveals that OsCPK17, OsPUB12, and OsRLCK176 maintain rice immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Mou
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guosheng Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiyang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shanzhi Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dayong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Xinhang Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fuhao Cui
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fang Xue
- Wetland Agriculture and Ecology Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- Wetland Agriculture and Ecology Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Wenxian Sun
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, and Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
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Zhang L, Zhu Q, Tan Y, Deng M, Zhang L, Cao Y, Guo X. Mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 phosphorylate receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase CDL1 to regulate soybean basal immunity. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:963-986. [PMID: 38301274 PMCID: PMC10980351 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), one of the most devastating soybean (Glycine max) pathogens, causes significant yield loss in soybean production. Nematode infection triggers plant defense responses; however, the components involved in the upstream signaling cascade remain largely unknown. In this study, we established that a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling module, activated by nematode infection or wounding, is crucial for soybeans to establish SCN resistance. GmMPK3 and GmMPK6 directly interact with CDG1-LIKE1 (GmCDL1), a member of the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) subfamily VII. These kinases phosphorylate GmCDL1 at Thr-372 to prevent its proteasome-mediated degradation. Functional analysis demonstrated that GmCDL1 positively regulates immune responses and promotes SCN resistance in soybeans. GmMPK3-mediated and GmMPK6-mediated phosphorylation of GmCDL1 enhances GmMPK3 and GmMPK6 activation and soybean disease resistance, representing a positive feedback mechanism. Additionally, 2 L-type lectin receptor kinases, GmLecRK02g and GmLecRK08g, associate with GmCDL1 to initiate downstream immune signaling. Notably, our study also unveils the potential involvement of GmLecRKs and GmCDL1 in countering other soybean pathogens beyond nematodes. Taken together, our findings reveal the pivotal role of the GmLecRKs-GmCDL1-MAPK regulatory module in triggering soybean basal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Qun Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuanhua Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Miaomiao Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yangrong Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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Zhao Q, Bao J, Li H, Hu W, Kong Y, Zhong Y, Fu Q, Xu G, Liu F, Jiao X, Jin J, Ming Z. Structural and biochemical basis of FLS2-mediated signal activation and transduction in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100785. [PMID: 38158656 PMCID: PMC10943584 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The receptor-like kinase FLAGELLIN-SENSITIVE 2 (FLS2) functions as a bacterial flagellin receptor localized on the cell membrane of plants. In Arabidopsis, the co-receptor BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (BAK1) cooperates with FLS2 to detect the flagellin epitope flg22, resulting in formation of a signaling complex that triggers plant defense responses. However, the co-receptor responsible for recognizing and signaling the flg22 epitope in rice remains to be determined, and the precise structural mechanism underlying FLS2-mediated signal activation and transduction has not been clarified. This study presents the structural characterization of a kinase-dead mutant of the intracellular kinase domain of OsFLS2 (OsFLS2-KDD1013A) in complex with ATP or ADP, resolved at resolutions of 1.98 Å and 2.09 Å, respectively. Structural analysis revealed that OsFLS2 can adopt an active conformation in the absence of phosphorylation, although it exhibits only weak basal catalytic activity for autophosphorylation. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that OsSERK2 effectively phosphorylates OsFLS2, which reciprocally phosphorylates OsSERK2, leading to complete activation of OsSERK2 and rapid phosphorylation of the downstream substrate receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases OsRLCK176 and OsRLCK185. Through mass spectrometry experiments, we successfully identified critical autophosphorylation sites on OsSERK2, as well as sites transphosphorylated by OsFLS2. Furthermore, we demonstrated the interaction between OsSERK2 and OsFLS2, which is enhanced in the presence of flg22. Genetic evidence suggests that OsRLCK176 and OsRLCK185 may function downstream of the OsFLS2-mediated signaling pathway. Our study reveals the molecular mechanism by which OsFLS2 mediates signal transduction pathways in rice and provides a valuable example for understanding RLK-mediated signaling pathways in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Jinlin Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Huailong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Yanqiong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Guolyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Fenmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Xi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Jian Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China.
| | - Zhenhua Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China.
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Hudson A, Mullens A, Hind S, Jamann T, Balint-Kurti P. Natural variation in the pattern-triggered immunity response in plants: Investigations, implications and applications. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13445. [PMID: 38528659 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) response is triggered at the plant cell surface by the recognition of microbe-derived molecules known as microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns or molecules derived from compromised host cells called damage-associated molecular patterns. Membrane-localized receptor proteins, known as pattern recognition receptors, are responsible for this recognition. Although much of the machinery of PTI is conserved, natural variation for the PTI response exists within and across species with respect to the components responsible for pattern recognition, activation of the response, and the strength of the response induced. This review describes what is known about this variation. We discuss how variation in the PTI response can be measured and how this knowledge might be utilized in the control of plant disease and in developing plant varieties with enhanced disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher Hudson
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander Mullens
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah Hind
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Tiffany Jamann
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter Balint-Kurti
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Plant Science Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Liang J, Lu L, Zhou H, Fang J, Zhao Y, Hou H, Chen L, Cao C, Yang D, Diao Z, Tang D, Li S. Receptor-like kinases OsRLK902-1 and OsRLK902-2 form immune complexes with OsRLCK185 to regulate rice blast resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:1565-1579. [PMID: 37976240 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are major regulators of the plant immune response and play important roles in the perception and transmission of immune signals. RECEPTOR LIKE KINASE 902 (RLK902) is at the key node in leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase interaction networks and positively regulates resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis. However, the function of RLK902 in fungal disease resistance remains obscure. In this study, we found that the expression levels of OsRLK902-1 and OsRLK902-2, encoding two orthologues of RLK902 in rice, were induced by Magnaporthe oryzae, chitin, and flg22 treatment. osrlk902-1 and osrlk902-2 knockout mutants displayed enhanced susceptibility to M. oryzae. Interestingly, the osrlk902-1 rlk902-2 double mutant exhibited similar disease susceptibility, hydrogen peroxide production, and callose deposition to the two single mutants. Further investigation showed that OsRLK902-1 interacts with and stabilizes OsRLK902-2. The two OsRLKs form a complex with OsRLCK185, a key regulator in chitin-triggered immunity, and stabilize it. Taken together, our data demonstrate that OsRLK902-1 and OsRLK902-2, as well as OsRLCK185 function together in regulating disease resistance to M. oryzae in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ling Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Houli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianbo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yaofei Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Hongna Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lizhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dewei Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350019, China
| | - Zhijuan Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shengping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Kim HJ, Jang JW, Pham T, Tuyet V, Kim JH, Park CW, Gho YS, Kim EJ, Kwon SW, Jeon JS, Kim ST, Jung KH, Kim YJ. OsLRR-RLP2 Gene Regulates Immunity to Magnaporthe oryzae in Japonica Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2216. [PMID: 38396893 PMCID: PMC10889788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rice is an important cereal crop worldwide, the growth of which is affected by rice blast disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. As climate change increases the diversity of pathogens, the disease resistance genes (R genes) in plants must be identified. The major blast-resistance genes have been identified in indica rice varieties; therefore, japonica rice varieties with R genes now need to be identified. Because leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain proteins possess R-gene properties, we used bioinformatics analysis to identify the rice candidate LRR domain receptor-like proteins (OsLRR-RLPs). OsLRR-RLP2, which contains six LRR domains, showed differences in the DNA sequence, containing 43 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in indica and japonica subpopulations. The results of the M. oryzae inoculation analysis indicated that indica varieties with partial deletion of OsLRR-RLP2 showed susceptibility, whereas japonica varieties with intact OsLRR-RLP2 showed resistance. The oslrr-rlp2 mutant, generated using clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), showed increased pathogen susceptibility, whereas plants overexpressing this gene showed pathogen resistance. These results indicate that OsLRR-RLP2 confers resistance to rice, and OsLRR-RLP2 may be useful for breeding resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.); (J.-H.K.); (C.W.P.)
| | - Jeong Woo Jang
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (J.W.J.); (S.-W.K.); (S.T.K.)
| | - Thuy Pham
- Graduate School of Green Bio Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.P.); (V.T.); (Y.-S.G.); (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Van Tuyet
- Graduate School of Green Bio Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.P.); (V.T.); (Y.-S.G.); (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.); (J.-H.K.); (C.W.P.)
| | - Chan Woo Park
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.); (J.-H.K.); (C.W.P.)
| | - Yun-Shil Gho
- Graduate School of Green Bio Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.P.); (V.T.); (Y.-S.G.); (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Eui-Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Green Bio Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.P.); (V.T.); (Y.-S.G.); (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Soon-Wook Kwon
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (J.W.J.); (S.-W.K.); (S.T.K.)
| | - Jong-Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Green Bio Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.P.); (V.T.); (Y.-S.G.); (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (J.W.J.); (S.-W.K.); (S.T.K.)
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Green Bio Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (T.P.); (V.T.); (Y.-S.G.); (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.J.)
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.); (J.-H.K.); (C.W.P.)
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8
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Li J, Zhai S, Xu X, Su Y, Yu J, Gao Y, Yang J, Zheng Z, Li B, Sun Q, Xie C, Ma J. Dissecting the genetic basis of Fusarium crown rot resistance in wheat by genome wide association study. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:43. [PMID: 38321245 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A locus conferring Fusarium crown rot resistance was identified on chromosome arm 3DL through genome wide association study and further validated in two recombinant inbred lines populations. Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is a severe soil borne disease in many wheat growing regions of the world. In this study, we attempted to detect loci conferring FCR resistance through a new seedling inoculation assay. A total of 223 wheat accessions from different geography origins were used to assemble an association panel for GWAS analysis. Four genotypes including Heng 4332, Luwanmai, Pingan 998 and Yannong 24 showed stable resistance to FCR. A total of 54 SNPs associated with FCR resistance were identified. Among the 10 putative QTLs represented by these SNPs, seven QTLs on chromosome 2B, 3A, 3D, 4A, 7A and 7B were novel and were consistently detected in at least two of the three trials conducted. Qfcr.cau.3D-3, which was targeted by 38 SNPs clustered within a genomic region of approximately 5.57 Mb (609.12-614.69 Mb) on chromosome arm 3DL, was consistently detected in all the three trials. The effects of Qfcr.cau.3D-3 were further validated in two recombinant inbred line populations. The presence of this locus reduced FCR severity up to 21.55%. Interestingly, the collinear positions of sequences containing the four SNPs associated with two FCR loci (Qfcr.cau.3A and Qfcr.cau.3B) were within the regions of Qfcr.cau.3D-3, suggesting that genes underlying these three loci may be homologous. Our results provide useful information for improving FCR resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shanshan Zhai
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangru Xu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuqing Su
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiazheng Yu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yutian Gao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiatian Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Baoyun Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chaojie Xie
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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9
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Li P, Liang C, Jiao J, Ruan Z, Sun M, Fu X, Zhao J, Wang T, Zhong S. Exogenous priming of chitosan induces resistance in Chinese prickly ash against stem canker caused by Fusarium zanthoxyli. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129119. [PMID: 38185296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Stem canker is a highly destructive disease that threatens prickly ash plantations in China. This study demonstrated the effective control of stem canker in prickly ash using chitosan priming, reducing lesion areas by 46.77 % to 75.13 % across all chitosan treatments. The mechanisms underlying chitosan-induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in prickly ash were further investigated. Chitosan increased H2O2 levels and enhanced peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities. A well-constructed regulatory network depicting the genes involved in the SAR and their corresponding expression levels in prickly ash plants primed with chitosan was established based on transcriptomic analysis. Additionally, 224 ZbWRKYs were identified based on the whole genome of prickly ash, and their phylogenetic evolution, conserved motifs, domains and expression patterns of ZbWRKYs were comprehensively illustrated. The expression of 12 key genes related to the SAR was significantly increased by chitosan, as determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the activities of defensive enzymes and the accumulation of lignin and flavonoids in prickly ash were significantly enhanced by chitosan treatment. Taken together, this study provides valuable insights into the chitosan-mediated activation of the immune system in prickly ash, offering a promising eco-friendly approach for forest stem canker control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqin Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chaoqiong Liang
- Shaanxi Academy of Forestry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710082, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Jiao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Ruan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
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10
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Zhong T, Zhu M, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Deng S, Guo C, Xu L, Liu T, Li Y, Bi Y, Fan X, Balint-Kurti P, Xu M. The ZmWAKL-ZmWIK-ZmBLK1-ZmRBOH4 module provides quantitative resistance to gray leaf spot in maize. Nat Genet 2024; 56:315-326. [PMID: 38238629 PMCID: PMC10864183 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Gray leaf spot (GLS), caused by the fungal pathogens Cercospora zeae-maydis and Cercospora zeina, is a major foliar disease of maize worldwide (Zea mays L.). Here we demonstrate that ZmWAKL encoding cell-wall-associated receptor kinase-like protein is the causative gene at the major quantitative disease resistance locus against GLS. The ZmWAKLY protein, encoded by the resistance allele, can self-associate and interact with a leucine-rich repeat immune-related kinase ZmWIK on the plasma membrane. The ZmWAKLY/ZmWIK receptor complex interacts with and phosphorylates the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) ZmBLK1, which in turn phosphorylates its downstream NADPH oxidase ZmRBOH4. Upon pathogen infection, ZmWAKLY phosphorylation activity is transiently increased, initiating immune signaling from ZmWAKLY, ZmWIK, ZmBLK1 to ZmRBOH4, ultimately triggering a reactive oxygen species burst. Our study thus uncovers the role of the maize ZmWAKL-ZmWIK-ZmBLK1-ZmRBOH4 receptor/signaling/executor module in perceiving the pathogen invasion, transducing immune signals, activating defense responses and conferring increased resistance to GLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/National Maize Improvement Center/Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/National Maize Improvement Center/Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/National Maize Improvement Center/Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Suining Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/National Maize Improvement Center/Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chenyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/National Maize Improvement Center/Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Baoshan Institute of Agricultural Science, Baoshan, P.R. China
| | - Yancong Li
- Baoshan Institute of Agricultural Science, Baoshan, P.R. China
| | - Yaqi Bi
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Peter Balint-Kurti
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh NC and Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Mingliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/National Maize Improvement Center/Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.
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11
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Slimani A, Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Ben-Laouane R, Boutasknit A, Anli M, Abouraicha EF, Oufdou K, Meddich A, Baslam M. Molecular and Systems Biology Approaches for Harnessing the Symbiotic Interaction in Mycorrhizal Symbiosis for Grain and Oil Crop Cultivation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:912. [PMID: 38255984 PMCID: PMC10815302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycorrhizal symbiosis, the mutually beneficial association between plants and fungi, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its widespread significance in agricultural productivity. Specifically, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provide a range of benefits to grain and oil crops, including improved nutrient uptake, growth, and resistance to (a)biotic stressors. Harnessing this symbiotic interaction using molecular and systems biology approaches presents promising opportunities for sustainable and economically-viable agricultural practices. Research in this area aims to identify and manipulate specific genes and pathways involved in the symbiotic interaction, leading to improved cereal and oilseed crop yields and nutrient acquisition. This review provides an overview of the research frontier on utilizing molecular and systems biology approaches for harnessing the symbiotic interaction in mycorrhizal symbiosis for grain and oil crop cultivation. Moreover, we address the mechanistic insights and molecular determinants underpinning this exchange. We conclude with an overview of current efforts to harness mycorrhizal diversity to improve cereal and oilseed health through systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Slimani
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar
- Laboratory Biochemistry, Environment & Agri-Food URAC 36, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques—Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Mohammedia 28800, Morocco
| | - Raja Ben-Laouane
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Boutasknit
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Department of Biology, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed First University, Nador 62700, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Anli
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Department of Life, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Comoros, Patsy University Center, Moroni 269, Comoros
| | - El Faiza Abouraicha
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques (ISPITS), Essaouira 44000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Meddich
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Marouane Baslam
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- GrowSmart, Seoul 03129, Republic of Korea
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12
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Yang X, Yan S, Li Y, Li G, Sun S, Li J, Cui Z, Huo J, Sun Y, Wang X, Liu F. Comparison of Transcriptome between Tolerant and Susceptible Rice Cultivar Reveals Positive and Negative Regulators of Response to Rhizoctonia solani in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14310. [PMID: 37762614 PMCID: PMC10532033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the world's most crucial food crops, as it currently supports more than half of the world's population. However, the presence of sheath blight (SB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani has become a significant issue for rice agriculture. This disease is responsible for causing severe yield losses each year and is a threat to global food security. The breeding of SB-resistant rice varieties requires a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved and the exploration of immune genes in rice. To this end, we conducted a screening of rice cultivars for resistance to SB and compared the transcriptome based on RNA-seq between the most tolerant and susceptible cultivars. Our study revealed significant transcriptomic differences between the tolerant cultivar ZhengDao 22 (ZD) and the most susceptible cultivar XinZhi No.1 (XZ) in response to R. solani invasion. Specifically, the tolerant cultivar showed 7066 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while the susceptible cultivar showed only 60 DEGs. In further analysis, we observed clear differences in gene category between up- and down-regulated expression of genes (uDEGs and dDEGs) based on Gene Ontology (GO) classes in response to infection in the tolerant cultivar ZD, and then identified uDEGs related to cell surface pattern recognition receptors, the Ca2+ ion signaling pathway, and the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade that play a positive role against R. solani. In addition, DEGs of the jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling pathways were mainly positively regulated, whereas DEGs of the auxin signaling pathway were mainly negatively regulated. Transcription factors were involved in the immune response as either positive or negative regulators of the response to this pathogen. Furthermore, our results showed that chloroplasts play a crucial role and that reduced photosynthetic capacity is a critical feature of this response. The results of this research have important implications for better characterization of the molecular mechanism of SB resistance and for the development of resistant cultivars through molecular breeding methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shuangyong Yan
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Guangsheng Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shuqin Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Junling Li
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Zhongqiu Cui
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jianfei Huo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Fangzhou Liu
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
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13
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Liu S, Xiao M, Fang A, Tian B, Yu Y, Bi C, Ma D, Yang Y. LysM Proteins TaCEBiP and TaLYK5 are Involved in Immune Responses Mediated by Chitin Coreceptor TaCERK1 in Wheat. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13535-13545. [PMID: 37665660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant lysin motif (LysM) ectodomain receptors interact with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and have critical functions in plant-microbe interactions. In this study, 65 LysM family genes were identified using the recent version of the reference sequence of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), in which 23, 16, 20, and 6 members belonged to LysM-containing receptor-like kinases (LYKs), LysM-containing receptor-like proteins (LYPs), extracellular LysM proteins (LysMes), and intracellular nonsecretory LysM proteins (LysMns), respectively. The study found that TaCEBiP, TaLYK5, and TaCERK1 were highly responsive to PAMP elicitors and phytopathogens, with TaCEBiP and TaLYK5 binding directly to chitin. TaCERK1 acted as a coreceptor with TaCEBiP and TaLYK5 at the plasma membrane. Overexpression of TaCEBiP, TaLYK5, and TaCERK1 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves exhibited enhanced resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Subsequently, knocking down TaCEBiP, TaLYK5, and TaCERK1 genes with barley stripe mosaic virus-VIGS compromised the wheat defense response to an avirulent strain of Puccinia striiformis. The study concluded that wheat has two synergistic chitin perception systems for detecting pathogen elicitors, with the activated CERK1 intracellular kinase domain leading to signaling transduction. This research provides valuable insights into the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of wheat LysM members under biotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifei Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Muye Xiao
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Anfei Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Binnian Tian
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chaowei Bi
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dongfang Ma
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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14
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Jalilian A, Bagheri A, Chalvon V, Meusnier I, Kroj T, Kakhki AM. The RLCK subfamily VII-4 controls pattern-triggered immunity and basal resistance to bacterial and fungal pathogens in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1345-1356. [PMID: 37248636 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) mediate the intracellular signaling downstream of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Several RLCKs from subfamily VII of rice (Oryza sativa) have important roles in plant immunity, but the role of RLCK VII-4 in pattern-triggered immune (PTI) signaling and resistance to pathogens has not yet been investigated. Here, we generated by multiplex clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9-mediated genome editing rice sextuple mutant lines where the entire RLCK VII-4 subfamily is inactivated and then analyzed the resulting lines for their response to chitin and flg22 and for their immunity to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Magnaporthe oryzae. Analysis of the rlckvii-4 mutants revealed that they have an impaired reactive oxygen system burst and reduced defense gene expression in response to flg22 and chitin. This indicates that members of the rice RLCK VII-4 subfamily are required for immune signaling downstream of multiple PRRs. Furthermore, we found that the rice RLCK VII-4 subfamily is important for chitin-induced callose deposition and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and that it is crucial for basal resistance against Xoo and M. oryzae pathogens. This establishes that the RLCK VII-4 subfamily has critical functions in the regulation of multiple PTI pathways in rice and opens the way for deciphering the precise role of its members in the control of rice PTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jalilian
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Bagheri
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Véronique Chalvon
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institute Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Meusnier
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institute Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Kroj
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institute Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Amin Mirshamsi Kakhki
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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He Y, Zhang K, Li S, Lu X, Zhao H, Guan C, Huang X, Shi Y, Kang Z, Fan Y, Li W, Chen C, Li G, Long O, Chen Y, Hu M, Cheng J, Xu B, Chapman MA, Georgiev MI, Fernie AR, Zhou M. Multiomics analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying virulence in Rhizoctonia and jasmonic acid-mediated resistance in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum). THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:2773-2798. [PMID: 37119263 PMCID: PMC10396374 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a devastating soil-borne pathogen that seriously threatens the cultivation of economically important crops. Multiple strains with a very broad host range have been identified, but only 1 (AG1-IA, which causes rice sheath blight disease) has been examined in detail. Here, we analyzed AG4-HGI 3 originally isolated from Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), but with a host range comparable to AG1-IA. Genome comparison reveals abundant pathogenicity genes in this strain. We used multiomic approaches to improve the efficiency of screening for disease resistance genes. Transcriptomes of the plant-fungi interaction identified differentially expressed genes associated with virulence in Rhizoctonia and resistance in Tartary buckwheat. Integration with jasmonate-mediated transcriptome and metabolome changes revealed a negative regulator of jasmonate signaling, cytochrome P450 (FtCYP94C1), as increasing disease resistance probably via accumulation of resistance-related flavonoids. The integration of resistance data for 320 Tartary buckwheat accessions identified a gene homolog to aspartic proteinase (FtASP), with peak expression following R. solani inoculation. FtASP exhibits no proteinase activity but functions as an antibacterial peptide that slows fungal growth. This work reveals a potential mechanism behind pathogen virulence and host resistance, which should accelerate the molecular breeding of resistant varieties in economically essential crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shijuan Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chaonan Guan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaliang Shi
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guangsheng Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ou Long
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mang Hu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianping Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bingliang Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Mark A Chapman
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Crop Gene Bank Building, Beijing 100081, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
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16
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Marothia D, Kaur N, Jhamat C, Sharma I, Pati PK. Plant lectins: Classical molecules with emerging roles in stress tolerance. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125272. [PMID: 37301347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses impose adverse effects on plant's development, growth, and production. For the past many years, researchers are trying to understand the stress induced responses in plants and decipher strategies to produce stress tolerant crops. It has been demonstrated that molecular networks encompassing an array of genes and functional proteins play a key role in generating responses to combat different stresses. Newly, there has been a resurgence of interest to explore the role of lectins in modulating various biological responses in plants. Lectins are naturally occurring proteins that form reversible linkages with their respective glycoconjugates. To date, several plant lectins have been recognized and functionally characterized. However, their involvement in stress tolerance is yet to be comprehensively analyzed in greater detail. The availability of biological resources, modern experimental tools, and assay systems has provided a fresh impetus for plant lectin research. Against this backdrop, the present review provides background information on plant lectins and recent knowledge on their crosstalks with other regulatory mechanisms, which play a remarkable role in plant stress amelioration. It also highlights their versatile role and suggests that adding more information to this under-explored area will usher in a new era of crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Marothia
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Chetna Jhamat
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Ipsa Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India; Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
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17
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Yang L, Liu H, Lei L, Wang J, Zheng H, Xin W, Zou D. Combined QTL-sequencing, linkage mapping, and RNA-sequencing identify candidate genes and KASP markers for low-temperature germination in Oryza sativa L. ssp. Japonica. PLANTA 2023; 257:122. [PMID: 37202578 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Through QTL-seq, QTL mapping and RNA-seq, six candidate genes of qLTG9 can be used as targets for cold tolerance functional characterization, and six KASP markers can be used for marker-assisted breeding to improve the germination ability of japonica rice at low temperature. The development of direct-seeded rice at high latitudes and altitudes depends on the seed germination ability of rice under a low-temperature environment. However, the lack of regulatory genes for low-temperature germination has severely limited the application of genetics in improving the breeds. Here, we used cultivars DN430 and DF104 with significantly different low-temperature germination (LTG) and 460 F2:3 progeny derived from them to identify LTG regulators by combining QTL-sequencing, linkage mapping, and RNA-sequencing. The QTL-sequencing mapped qLTG9 within a physical interval of 3.4 Mb. In addition, we used 10 Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers provided by the two parents, and qLTG9 was optimized from 3.4 Mb to a physical interval of 397.9 kb and accounted for 20.4% of the phenotypic variation. RNA-sequencing identified qLTG9 as eight candidate genes with significantly different expression within the 397.9 kb interval, six of which possessed SNPs on the promoter and coding regions. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) completely validated the results of these six genes in RNA-sequencing. Subsequently, six non-synonymous SNPs were designed using variants in the coding region of these six candidates. Genotypic analysis of these SNPs in 60 individuals with extreme phenotypes indicated these SNPs determined the differences in cold tolerance between parents. The six candidate genes of qLTG9 and the six KASP markers could be used together for marker-assisted breeding to improve LTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luomiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hualong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Cultivation, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jingguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Honglaing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wei Xin
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Detang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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18
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Kozyulina PY, Pavlova OA, Kantsurova (Rudaya) ES, Bovin AD, Shirobokova SA, Dolgikh AV, Dymo AM, Dolgikh EA. Transcriptomic analysis of pea plant responses to chitooligosaccharides' treatment revealed stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1092013. [PMID: 36968377 PMCID: PMC10030943 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1092013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Since chitooligosaccharides (COs) are water-soluble, biodegradable and nontoxic compounds, their application may be considered as a promising plant-protecting agent. However, the molecular and cellular modes of action of COs are not yet understood. In this study, transcriptional changes in pea roots treated with COs were investigated via RNA sequencing. Pea roots treated with the deacetylated CO8-DA at low concentration (10-5 М) were harvested 24 h after treatment and their expression profiles were compared against medium-treated control plants. We observed 886 differentially expressed genes (fold change ≥ 1; p-value < 0.05) 24 h after treatment with CO8-DA. Gene Ontology term over-representation analysis allowed us to identify the molecular functions of the genes activated in response to CO8-DA treatment and their relation to biological processes. Our findings suggest that calcium signaling regulators and MAPK cascade play a key role in pea plant responses to treatment. Here we found two MAPKKKs, the PsMAPKKK5 and PsMAPKKK20, which might function redundantly in the CO8-DA-activated signaling pathway. In accordance with this suggestion, we showed that PsMAPKKK knockdown decreases resistance to pathogenic Fusarium culmorum fungi. Therefore, analysis showed that typical regulators of intracellular signal transduction pathways involved in triggering of plant responses via CERK1 receptors to chitin/COs in Arabidopsis and rice may also be recruited in legume pea plants.
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19
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Maeda S, Ackley W, Yokotani N, Sasaki K, Ohtsubo N, Oda K, Mori M. Enhanced Resistance to Fungal and Bacterial Diseases Due to Overexpression of BSR1, a Rice RLCK, in Sugarcane, Tomato, and Torenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043644. [PMID: 36835053 PMCID: PMC9965303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane smut caused by Sporisorium scitamineum is one of the most devastating sugarcane diseases. Furthermore, Rhizoctonia solani causes severe diseases in various crops including rice, tomato, potato, sugar beet, tobacco, and torenia. However, effective disease-resistant genes against these pathogens have not been identified in target crops. Therefore, the transgenic approach can be used since conventional cross-breeding is not applicable. Herein, the overexpression of BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE 1 (BSR1), a rice receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, was conducted in sugarcane, tomato and torenia. BSR1-overexpressing tomatoes exhibited resistance to the bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and the fungus R. solani, whereas BSR1-overexpressing torenia showed resistance to R. solani in the growth room. Additionally, BSR1 overexpression conferred resistance to sugarcane smut in the greenhouse. These three BSR1-overexpressing crops exhibited normal growth and morphologies except in the case of exceedingly high levels of overexpression. These results indicate that BSR1 overexpression is a simple and effective tool for conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance to many crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Maeda
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba 305-8634, Japan
| | - Wataru Ackley
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO (NILGS), Nasushiobara 329-2793, Japan
| | - Naoki Yokotani
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Okayama 716-1241, Japan
| | - Katsutomo Sasaki
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, NARO (NIVFS), Tsukuba 305-0852, Japan
| | - Norihiro Ohtsubo
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, NARO (NIVFS), Tsukuba 305-0852, Japan
| | - Kenji Oda
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Okayama 716-1241, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO (NIAS), Tsukuba 305-8634, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(29)-8387008
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20
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Cope KR, Prates ET, Miller JI, Demerdash ON, Shah M, Kainer D, Cliff A, Sullivan KA, Cashman M, Lane M, Matthiadis A, Labbé J, Tschaplinski TJ, Jacobson DA, Kalluri UC. Exploring the role of plant lysin motif receptor-like kinases in regulating plant-microbe interactions in the bioenergy crop Populus. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 21:1122-1139. [PMID: 36789259 PMCID: PMC9900275 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
For plants, distinguishing between mutualistic and pathogenic microbes is a matter of survival. All microbes contain microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that are perceived by plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Lysin motif receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) are PRRs attuned for binding and triggering a response to specific MAMPs, including chitin oligomers (COs) in fungi, lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs), which are produced by mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria, and peptidoglycan in bacteria. The identification and characterization of LysM-RLKs in candidate bioenergy crops including Populus are limited compared to other model plant species, thus inhibiting our ability to both understand and engineer microbe-mediated gains in plant productivity. As such, we performed a sequence analysis of LysM-RLKs in the Populus genome and predicted their function based on phylogenetic analysis with known LysM-RLKs. Then, using predictive models, molecular dynamics simulations, and comparative structural analysis with previously characterized CO and LCO plant receptors, we identified probable ligand-binding sites in Populus LysM-RLKs. Using several machine learning models, we predicted remarkably consistent binding affinity rankings of Populus proteins to CO. In addition, we used a modified Random Walk with Restart network-topology based approach to identify a subset of Populus LysM-RLKs that are functionally related and propose a corresponding signal transduction cascade. Our findings provide the first look into the role of LysM-RLKs in Populus-microbe interactions and establish a crucial jumping-off point for future research efforts to understand specificity and redundancy in microbial perception mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R. Cope
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Erica T. Prates
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - John I. Miller
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Omar N.A. Demerdash
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Manesh Shah
- Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee–Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - David Kainer
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Ashley Cliff
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - Kyle A. Sullivan
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Mikaela Cashman
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Matthew Lane
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - Anna Matthiadis
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Jesse Labbé
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | | | - Daniel A. Jacobson
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA,The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - Udaya C. Kalluri
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA,Corresponding author.
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21
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Huang R, Li Z, Shen X, Choi J, Cao Y. The Perspective of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Rice Domestication and Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012383. [PMID: 36293238 PMCID: PMC9604486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi contributes to sustainable acquisition of phosphorus and other elements in over 80% of plant species; improving interactions with AM symbionts may mitigate some of the environmental problems associated with fertilizer application in grain crops such as rice. Recent developments of high-throughput genome sequencing projects of thousands of rice cultivars and the discovery of the molecular mechanisms underlying AM symbiosis suggest that interactions with AM fungi might have been an overlooked critical trait in rice domestication and breeding. In this review, we discuss genetic variation in the ability of rice to form AM symbioses and how this might have affected rice domestication. Finally, we discuss potential applications of AM symbiosis in rice breeding for more sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renliang Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Rice Physiology and Genetics of Jiangxi Province, Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agriculture Science, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xianhua Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Rice Physiology and Genetics of Jiangxi Province, Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agriculture Science, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Jeongmin Choi
- Crop Science Centre, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Yangrong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430000, China
- Correspondence:
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22
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Ogasahara T, Kouzai Y, Watanabe M, Takahashi A, Takahagi K, Kim JS, Matsui H, Yamamoto M, Toyoda K, Ichinose Y, Mochida K, Noutoshi Y. Time-series transcriptome of Brachypodium distachyon during bacterial flagellin-induced pattern-triggered immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1004184. [PMID: 36186055 PMCID: PMC9521188 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1004184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Plants protect themselves from microorganisms by inducing pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) via recognizing microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), conserved across many microbes. Although the MAMP perception mechanism and initial events during PTI have been well-characterized, knowledge of the transcriptomic changes in plants, especially monocots, is limited during the intermediate and terminal stages of PTI. Here, we report a time-series high-resolution RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis during PTI in the leaf disks of Brachypodium distachyon. We identified 6,039 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in leaves sampled at 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours after treatment (hat) with the bacterial flagellin peptide flg22. The k-means clustering method classified these DEGs into 10 clusters (6 upregulated and 4 downregulated). Based on the results, we selected 10 PTI marker genes in B. distachyon. Gene ontology (GO) analysis suggested a tradeoff between defense responses and photosynthesis during PTI. The data indicated the recovery of photosynthesis started at least at 12 hat. Over-representation analysis of transcription factor genes and cis-regulatory elements in DEG promoters implied the contribution of 12 WRKY transcription factors in plant defense at the early stage of PTI induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Ogasahara
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kouzai
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takahashi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takahagi
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - June-Sik Kim
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsui
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Toyoda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Ichinose
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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23
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Arms Race between the Host and Pathogen Associated with Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152275. [PMID: 35892572 PMCID: PMC9332245 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), or scab, caused by Fusarium species, is an extremely destructive fungal disease in wheat worldwide. In recent decades, researchers have made unremitting efforts in genetic breeding and control technology related to FHB and have made great progress, especially in the exploration of germplasm resources resistant to FHB; identification and pathogenesis of pathogenic strains; discovery and identification of disease-resistant genes; biochemical control, and so on. However, FHB burst have not been effectively controlled and thereby pose increasingly severe threats to wheat productivity. This review focuses on recent advances in pathogenesis, resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/genes, resistance mechanism, and signaling pathways. We identify two primary pathogenetic patterns of Fusarium species and three significant signaling pathways mediated by UGT, WRKY, and SnRK1, respectively; many publicly approved superstar QTLs and genes are fully summarized to illustrate the pathogenetic patterns of Fusarium species, signaling behavior of the major genes, and their sophisticated and dexterous crosstalk. Besides the research status of FHB resistance, breeding bottlenecks in resistant germplasm resources are also analyzed deeply. Finally, this review proposes that the maintenance of intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) homeostasis, regulated by several TaCERK-mediated theoretical patterns, may play an important role in plant response to FHB and puts forward some suggestions on resistant QTL/gene mining and molecular breeding in order to provide a valuable reference to contain FHB outbreaks in agricultural production and promote the sustainable development of green agriculture.
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24
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Baez LA, Tichá T, Hamann T. Cell wall integrity regulation across plant species. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:483-504. [PMID: 35674976 PMCID: PMC9213367 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls are highly dynamic and chemically complex structures surrounding all plant cells. They provide structural support, protection from both abiotic and biotic stress as well as ensure containment of turgor. Recently evidence has accumulated that a dedicated mechanism exists in plants, which is monitoring the functional integrity of cell walls and initiates adaptive responses to maintain integrity in case it is impaired during growth, development or exposure to biotic and abiotic stress. The available evidence indicates that detection of impairment involves mechano-perception, while reactive oxygen species and phytohormone-based signaling processes play key roles in translating signals generated and regulating adaptive responses. More recently it has also become obvious that the mechanisms mediating cell wall integrity maintenance and pattern triggered immunity are interacting with each other to modulate the adaptive responses to biotic stress and cell wall integrity impairment. Here we will review initially our current knowledge regarding the mode of action of the maintenance mechanism, discuss mechanisms mediating responses to biotic stresses and highlight how both mechanisms may modulate adaptive responses. This first part will be focused on Arabidopsis thaliana since most of the relevant knowledge derives from this model organism. We will then proceed to provide perspective to what extent the relevant molecular mechanisms are conserved in other plant species and close by discussing current knowledge of the transcriptional machinery responsible for controlling the adaptive responses using selected examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alonso Baez
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tereza Tichá
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thorsten Hamann
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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25
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Liang X, Zhang J. Regulation of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress by receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:25. [PMID: 37676353 PMCID: PMC10441961 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00045-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants have to cope with environmental change and numerous biotic and abiotic stress. Upon perceiving environmental cues and stress signals using different types of receptors, plant cells initiate immediate and complicated signaling to regulate cellular processes and respond to stress. Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) transduce signals from receptors to cellular components and play roles in diverse biological processes. Recent studies have revealed the hubbing roles of RLCKs in plant responses to biotic stress. Emerging evidence indicates the important regulatory roles of RLCKs in plant responses to abiotic stress, growth, and development. As a pivot of cellular signaling, the activity and stability of RLCKs are dynamically and tightly controlled. Here, we summarize the current understanding of how RLCKs regulate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiu Liang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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26
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Yang C, Wang E, Liu J. CERK1, more than a co-receptor in plant-microbe interactions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1606-1613. [PMID: 35297054 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CERK1 (Chitin Elicitor Receptor Kinase 1), a lysin motif-containing pattern recognition receptor (PRR), perceives chitooligosaccharides (COs) to mount immune and symbiotic responses. However, CERK1, for a relatively long time, has been regarded as a co-receptor in plant immunity, mainly due to its lack of high binding affinity to known elicitors. Recent studies demonstrated several novel carbohydrates as ligands of CERK1 in different plant species and recognized CERK1 as a key receptor in plant immunity and symbiosis. This review summarizes recent knowledge acquired on the role of CERK1 in plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ertao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Molecular plant immunity against biotrophic, hemibiotrophic, and necrotrophic fungi. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:581-593. [PMID: 35587147 PMCID: PMC9528087 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic fungi use diverse infection strategies to obtain nutrients from plants. Biotrophic fungi feed only on living plant tissue, whereas necrotrophic fungi kill host cells to extract nutrients. To prevent disease, plants need to distinguish between pathogens with different life cycles, as a successful defense against a biotroph, which often involves programmed cell-death around the site of infection, is not an appropriate response to some necrotrophs. Plants utilize a vast collection of extracellular and intracellular receptors to detect the signatures of pathogen attack. In turn, pathogens are under strong selection to mask or avoid certain receptor responses while enhancing or manipulating other receptor responses to promote virulence. In this review, we focus on the plant receptors involved in resistance responses to fungal pathogens and highlight, with examples, how the infection strategy of fungal pathogens can determine if recognition responses are effective at preventing disease.
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Jalmi SK, Sinha AK. Ambiguities of PGPR-Induced Plant Signaling and Stress Management. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:899563. [PMID: 35633696 PMCID: PMC9136662 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.899563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and stress responses developed by the plant in virtue of the action of PGPR are dictated by the changes in hormone levels and related signaling pathways. Each plant possesses its specific type of microbiota that is shaped by the composition of root exudates and the signal molecules produced by the plant and microbes. Plants convey signals through diverse and complex signaling pathways. The signaling pathways are also controlled by phytohormones wherein they regulate and coordinate various defense responses and developmental stages. On account of improved growth and stress tolerance provided by the PGPR to plants, there exist crosstalk of signaling events between phytohormones and other signaling molecules secreted by the plants and the PGPR. This review discusses some of the important aspects related to the ambiguities of signaling events occurring in plants, allowing the interaction of PGPR with plants and providing stress tolerance to the plant.
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29
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Wang D, Dong W, Murray J, Wang E. Innovation and appropriation in mycorrhizal and rhizobial Symbioses. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:1573-1599. [PMID: 35157080 PMCID: PMC9048890 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Most land plants benefit from endosymbiotic interactions with mycorrhizal fungi, including legumes and some nonlegumes that also interact with endosymbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing bacteria to form nodules. In addition to these helpful interactions, plants are continuously exposed to would-be pathogenic microbes: discriminating between friends and foes is a major determinant of plant survival. Recent breakthroughs have revealed how some key signals from pathogens and symbionts are distinguished. Once this checkpoint has been passed and a compatible symbiont is recognized, the plant coordinates the sequential development of two types of specialized structures in the host. The first serves to mediate infection, and the second, which appears later, serves as sophisticated intracellular nutrient exchange interfaces. The overlap in both the signaling pathways and downstream infection components of these symbioses reflects their evolutionary relatedness and the common requirements of these two interactions. However, the different outputs of the symbioses, phosphate uptake versus N fixation, require fundamentally different components and physical environments and necessitated the recruitment of different master regulators, NODULE INCEPTION-LIKE PROTEINS, and PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSES, for nodulation and mycorrhization, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wentao Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | - Ertao Wang
- Authors for correspondence: (E.W) and (J.M.)
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Zhao Y, Shi Y, Jiang G, Wu Y, Ma M, Zhang X, Liang X, Zhou JM. Rice extra-large G proteins play pivotal roles in controlling disease resistance and yield-related traits. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:607-617. [PMID: 35090194 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To better explore the potential of rice extra-large G (XLG) proteins in future breeding, we characterised the function of OsXLG1, OsXLG2 and OsXLG3 in disease resistance. Loss-of-function Osxlg2 and Osxlg3 mutants showed reduced resistance to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, whereas Osxlg1 mutants were specifically compromised in resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. Consistent with their effects on rice blast resistance, mutations in OsXLG2 and OsXLG3 caused greater defects than did mutations in OsXLG1 for chitin-induced defence responses. All three OsXLGs interacted with components of a surface immune receptor complex composed of OsCERK1, OsRLCK176 and OsRLCK185. Further characterisation of yield-related traits showed that the Osxlg3 mutants displayed reduced plant height, panicle length and 1000grain weight, whereas Osxlg1 mutants exhibited increased plant height, panicle length and 1000-grain weight. Together the study shows the differential contributions of the three OsXLG proteins to disease resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens, their yield-related traits and provides insights for future improvement of rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yiyun Shi
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Bioinformatics Center, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guanghuai Jiang
- Center for Molecular Agrobiology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Bioinformatics Center, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Miaomiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangxiu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Santos MDL, de Resende MLV, dos Santos Ciscon BA, Freitas NC, Pereira MHDB, Reichel T, Mathioni SM. LysM receptors in Coffea arabica: Identification, characterization, and gene expression in response to Hemileia vastatrix. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0258838. [PMID: 35143519 PMCID: PMC8830669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) localized on the host plasma membrane. These receptors activate a broad-spectrum and durable defense, which are desired characteristics for disease resistance in plant breeding programs. In this study, candidate sequences for PRRs with lysin motifs (LysM) were investigated in the Coffea arabica genome. For this, approaches based on the principle of sequence similarity, conservation of motifs and domains, phylogenetic analysis, and modulation of gene expression in response to Hemileia vastatrix were used. The candidate sequences for PRRs in C. arabica (Ca1-LYP, Ca2-LYP, Ca1-CERK1, Ca2-CERK1, Ca-LYK4, Ca1-LYK5 and Ca2-LYK5) showed high similarity with the reference PRRs used: Os-CEBiP, At-CERK1, At-LYK4 and At-LYK5. Moreover, the ectodomains of these sequences showed high identity or similarity with the reference sequences, indicating structural and functional conservation. The studied sequences are also phylogenetically related to the reference PRRs described in Arabidopsis, rice, and other plant species. All candidates for receptors had their expression induced after the inoculation with H. vastatrix, since the first time of sampling at 6 hours post‐inoculation (hpi). At 24 hpi, there was a significant increase in expression, for most of the receptors evaluated, and at 48 hpi, a suppression. The results showed that the candidate sequences for PRRs in the C. arabica genome display high homology with fungal PRRs already described in the literature. Besides, they respond to pathogen inoculation and seem to be involved in the perception or signaling of fungal chitin, acting as receptors or co-receptors of this molecule. These findings represent an advance in the understanding of the basal immunity of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Lima Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail: (MLS); (MLVR)
| | | | | | - Natália Chagas Freitas
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Tharyn Reichel
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sandra Marisa Mathioni
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Chen K, Ke R, Du M, Yi Y, Chen Y, Wang X, Yao L, Liu H, Hou X, Xiong L, Yang Y, Xie K. A FLASH pipeline for arrayed CRISPR library construction and the gene function discovery of rice receptor-like kinases. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:243-257. [PMID: 34619328 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-mediated gene editing is revolutionizing plant research and crop breeding. Here, we present an effective and streamlined pipeline for arrayed CRISPR library construction and demonstrate it is suitable for small- to large-scale genome editing in plants. This pipeline introduces artificial PCR fragment-length markers for distinguishing guide RNAs (gRNAs) (FLASH), and a group of 12 constructs harboring different FLASH tags are co-transformed into plants each time. The identities of gRNAs in Agrobacterium mixtures and transgenic plants can therefore be read out by detecting the FLASH tags, a process that requires only conventional PCR and gel electrophoresis rather than sequencing. We generated an arrayed CRISPR library targeting all 1,072 members of the receptor-like kinase (RLK) family in rice. One-shot transformation generated a mutant population that covers gRNAs targeting 955 RLKs, and 74.3% (710/955) of the target genes had three or more independent T0 lines. Our results indicate that the FLASH tags act as bona fide surrogates for the gRNAs and are tightly (92.1%) associated with frameshift mutations in the target genes. In addition, the FLASH pipeline allows for rapid identification of unintended editing events without corresponding T-DNA integrations and generates high-order mutants of closely related RLK genes. Furthermore, we showed that the RLK mutant library enables rapid discovery of defense-related RLK genes. This study introduces an effective pipeline for arrayed CRISPR library construction and provides genome-wide rice RLK mutant resources for functional genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Runnan Ke
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Manman Du
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuqing Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yache Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lu Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lizhong Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yinong Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kabin Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Gupta R, Min CW, Son S, Lee GH, Jang JW, Kwon SW, Park SR, Kim ST. Comparative proteome profiling of susceptible and resistant rice cultivars identified an arginase involved in rice defense against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 171:105-114. [PMID: 34979446 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causative agent of bacterial blight, is one of the major threats to rice productivity. Yet, the molecular mechanism of rice-Xoo interaction is elusive. Here, we report comparative proteome profiles of Xoo susceptible (Dongjin) and resistant (Hwayeong) cultivars of rice in response to two-time points (3 and 6 days) of Xoo infection. Low-abundance proteins were enriched using a protamine sulfate (PS) precipitation method and isolated proteins were quantified by a label-free quantitative analysis, leading to the identification of 3846 proteins. Of these, 1128 proteins were significantly changed between mock and Xoo infected plants of Dongjin and Hwayeong cultivars. Based on the abundance pattern and functions of the identified proteins, a total of 23 candidate proteins were shortlisted that potentially participate in plant defense against Xoo in the resistant cultivar. Of these candidate proteins, a mitochondrial arginase-1 showed Hwayeong specific abundance and was significantly accumulated following Xoo inoculation. Overexpression of arginase 1 (OsArg 1) in susceptible rice cultivar (Dongjin) resulted in enhanced tolerance against Xoo as compared to the wild-type. In addition, expression analysis of defense-related genes encoding PR1, glucanase I, and chitinase II by qRT-PCR showed their enhanced expression in the overexpression lines as compared to wild-type. Taken together, our results uncover the proteome changes in the rice cultivars and highlight the functions of OsARG1 in plant defense against Xoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, South Korea
| | - Cheol Woo Min
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Seungmin Son
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Hyun Lee
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Jang
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Soon Wook Kwon
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Sang Ryeol Park
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea.
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Gao Y, Xiang X, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Wang B, Zhang Y, Wang C, Jiang M, Duan W, Chen D, Zhan X, Cheng S, Liu Q, Cao L. Disruption of OsPHD1, Encoding a UDP-Glucose Epimerase, Causes JA Accumulation and Enhanced Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020751. [PMID: 35054937 PMCID: PMC8775874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) have been widely used in experiments in recent years for studying plant physiological mechanisms underlying programmed cell death (PCD) and defense responses. Here, we identified a lesion mimic mutant, lm212-1, which cloned the causal gene by a map-based cloning strategy, and verified this by complementation. The causal gene, OsPHD1, encodes a UDP-glucose epimerase (UGE), and the OsPHD1 was located in the chloroplast. OsPHD1 was constitutively expressed in all organs, with higher expression in leaves and other green tissues. lm212-1 exhibited decreased chlorophyll content, and the chloroplast structure was destroyed. Histochemistry results indicated that H2O2 is highly accumulated and cell death is occurred around the lesions in lm212-1. Compared to the wild type, expression levels of defense-related genes were up-regulated, and resistance to bacterial pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) was enhanced, indicating that the defense response was activated in lm212-1, ROS production was induced by flg22, and chitin treatment also showed the same result. Jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) increased, and the JA signaling pathways appeared to be disordered in lm212-1. Additionally, the overexpression lines showed the same phenotype as the wild type. Overall, our findings demonstrate that OsPHD1 is involved in the regulation of PCD and defense response in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Xiaojiao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Yongrun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Beifang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Wenjing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Daibo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Xiaodeng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Shihua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Qunen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (L.C.); Tel.: +86-0571-6337-0218 (Q.L.); +86-0571-6337-0329 (L.C.)
| | - Liyong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311401, China; (Y.G.); (X.X.); (Y.Z.); (Y.C.); (B.W.); (Y.Z.); (C.W.); (M.J.); (W.D.); (D.C.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
- Northern Center of China National Rice Research Institute, China National Rice Research Institute, Shuangyashan 155100, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (L.C.); Tel.: +86-0571-6337-0218 (Q.L.); +86-0571-6337-0329 (L.C.)
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Jaiswal N, Liao CJ, Mengesha B, Han H, Lee S, Sharon A, Zhou Y, Mengiste T. Regulation of plant immunity and growth by tomato receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase TRK1. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:458-478. [PMID: 34655240 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of quantitative resistance (QR) to fungal pathogens and their relationships with growth pathways are poorly understood. We identified tomato TRK1 (TPK1b Related Kinase1) and determined its functions in tomato QR and plant growth. TRK1 is a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase that complexes with tomato LysM Receptor Kinase (SlLYK1). SlLYK1 and TRK1 are required for chitin-induced fungal resistance, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and expression of immune response genes. Notably, TRK1 and SlLYK1 regulate SlMYC2, a major transcriptional regulator of jasmonic acid (JA) responses and fungal resistance, at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Further, TRK1 is also required for maintenance of proper meristem growth, as revealed by the ectopic meristematic activity, enhanced branching, and altered floral structures in TRK1 RNAi plants. Consistently, TRK1 interacts with SlCLV1 and SlWUS, and TRK1 RNAi plants show increased expression of SlCLV3 and SlWUS in shoot apices. Interestingly, TRK1 suppresses chitin-induced gene expression in meristems but promotes expression of the same genes in leaves. SlCLV1 and TRK1 perform contrasting functions in defense but similar functions in plant growth. Overall, through molecular and biochemical interactions with critical regulators, TRK1 links upstream defense and growth signals to downstream factor in fungal resistance and growth homeostasis response regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Jaiswal
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chao-Jan Liao
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Bemnet Mengesha
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Han Han
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sanghun Lee
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Amir Sharon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Tesfaye Mengiste
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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Reshetnyak G, Jacobs JM, Auguy F, Sciallano C, Claude L, Medina C, Perez-Quintero AL, Comte A, Thomas E, Bogdanove A, Koebnik R, Szurek B, Dievart A, Brugidou C, Lacombe S, Cunnac S. An atypical class of non-coding small RNAs is produced in rice leaves upon bacterial infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24141. [PMID: 34921170 PMCID: PMC8683429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding small RNAs (sRNA) act as mediators of gene silencing and regulate plant growth, development and stress responses. Early insights into plant sRNAs established a role in antiviral defense and they are now extensively studied across plant-microbe interactions. Here, sRNA sequencing discovered a class of sRNA in rice (Oryza sativa) specifically associated with foliar diseases caused by Xanthomonas oryzae bacteria. Xanthomonas-induced small RNAs (xisRNAs) loci were distinctively upregulated in response to diverse virulent strains at an early stage of infection producing a single duplex of 20-22 nt sRNAs. xisRNAs production was dependent on the Type III secretion system, a major bacterial virulence factor for host colonization. xisRNA loci overlap with annotated transcripts sequences, with about half of them encoding protein kinase domain proteins. A number of the corresponding rice cis-genes have documented functions in immune signaling and xisRNA loci predominantly coincide with the coding sequence of a conserved kinase motif. xisRNAs exhibit features of small interfering RNAs and their biosynthesis depend on canonical components OsDCL1 and OsHEN1. xisRNA induction possibly mediates post-transcriptional gene silencing but they do not broadly suppress cis-genes expression on the basis of mRNA-seq data. Overall, our results identify a group of unusual sRNAs with a potential role in plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Reshetnyak
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan M Jacobs
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
| | - Florence Auguy
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Coline Sciallano
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Lisa Claude
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Clemence Medina
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Alvaro L Perez-Quintero
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurore Comte
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Thomas
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Adam Bogdanove
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ralf Koebnik
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Boris Szurek
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Dievart
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, 34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Brugidou
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Severine Lacombe
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Sebastien Cunnac
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
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Rice functional genomics: decades' efforts and roads ahead. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 65:33-92. [PMID: 34881420 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. Since the completion of rice reference genome sequences, tremendous progress has been achieved in understanding the molecular mechanisms on various rice traits and dissecting the underlying regulatory networks. In this review, we summarize the research progress of rice biology over past decades, including omics, genome-wide association study, phytohormone action, nutrient use, biotic and abiotic responses, photoperiodic flowering, and reproductive development (fertility and sterility). For the roads ahead, cutting-edge technologies such as new genomics methods, high-throughput phenotyping platforms, precise genome-editing tools, environmental microbiome optimization, and synthetic methods will further extend our understanding of unsolved molecular biology questions in rice, and facilitate integrations of the knowledge for agricultural applications.
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Giovannoni M, Lironi D, Marti L, Paparella C, Vecchi V, Gust AA, De Lorenzo G, Nürnberger T, Ferrari S. The Arabidopsis thaliana LysM-containing Receptor-Like Kinase 2 is required for elicitor-induced resistance to pathogens. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:3545-3562. [PMID: 34558681 PMCID: PMC9293440 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, perception of chitin from fungal cell walls is mediated by three LysM-containing Receptor-Like Kinases (LYKs): CERK1, which is absolutely required for chitin perception, and LYK4 and LYK5, which act redundantly. The role in plant innate immunity of a fourth LYK protein, LYK2, is currently not known. Here we show that CERK1, LYK2 and LYK5 are dispensable for basal susceptibility to B. cinerea but are necessary for chitin-induced resistance to this pathogen. LYK2 is dispensable for chitin perception and early signalling events, though it contributes to callose deposition induced by this elicitor. Notably, LYK2 is also necessary for enhanced resistance to B. cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae induced by flagellin and for elicitor-induced priming of defence gene expression during fungal infection. Consistently, overexpression of LYK2 enhances resistance to B. cinerea and P. syringae and results in increased expression of defence-related genes during fungal infection. LYK2 appears to be required to establish a primed state in plants exposed to biotic elicitors, ensuring a robust resistance to subsequent pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira Giovannoni
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”Sapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Damiano Lironi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”Sapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Lucia Marti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”Sapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Chiara Paparella
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”Sapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Valeria Vecchi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”Sapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Andrea A. Gust
- Department of Plant BiochemistryUniversity of Tübingen, Center for Plant Molecular BiologyTübingenGermany
| | - Giulia De Lorenzo
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”Sapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Thorsten Nürnberger
- Department of Plant BiochemistryUniversity of Tübingen, Center for Plant Molecular BiologyTübingenGermany
| | - Simone Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”Sapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
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Deb S, Madhavan VN, Gokulan CG, Patel HK, Sonti RV. Arms and ammunitions: effectors at the interface of rice and it's pathogens and pests. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:94. [PMID: 34792681 PMCID: PMC8602583 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The plant immune system has evolved to resist attack by pathogens and pests. However, successful phytopathogens deliver effector proteins into plant cells where they hijack the host cellular machinery to suppress the plant immune responses and promote infection. This manipulation of the host cellular pathways is done by the pathogen using various enzymatic activities, protein- DNA or protein- protein interactions. Rice is one the major economically important crops and its yield is affected by several pathogens and pests. In this review, we summarize the various effectors at the plant- pathogen/ pest interface for the major pathogens and pests of rice, specifically, on the mode of action and target genes of the effector proteins. We then compare this across the major rice pathogens and pests in a bid to understand probable conserved pathways which are under attack from pathogens and pests in rice. This analysis highlights conserved patterns of effector action, as well as unique host pathways targeted by the pathogens and pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Deb
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007 India
- Present Address: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - C. G. Gokulan
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007 India
| | - Hitendra K. Patel
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007 India
| | - Ramesh V. Sonti
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, 500007 India
- Present Address: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, 517507 India
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Liang X, Bao Y, Zhang M, Du D, Rao S, Li Y, Wang X, Xu G, Zhou Z, Shen D, Chang Q, Duan W, Ai G, Lu J, Zhou JM, Dou D. A Phytophthora capsici RXLR effector targets and inhibits the central immune kinases to suppress plant immunity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:264-278. [PMID: 34157161 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase subfamily VII (RLCK-VII) proteins are the central immune kinases in plant pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) complexes, and they orchestrate a complex array of defense responses against bacterial and fungal pathogens. However, the role of RLCK-VII in plant-oomycete pathogen interactions has not been established. Phytophthora capsici is a notorious oomycete pathogen that infects many agriculturally important vegetables. Here, we report the identification of RXLR25, an RXLR effector that is required for the virulence of P. capsici. In planta expression of RXLR25 significantly enhanced plants' susceptibility to Phytophthora pathogens. Microbial pattern-induced immune activation in Arabidopsis was severely impaired by RXLR25. We further showed that RXLR25 interacts with RLCK-VII proteins. Using nine rlck-vii high-order mutants, we observed that RLCK-VII-6 and RLCK-VII-8 members are required for resistance to P. capsici. The RLCK-VII-6 members are specifically required for Phytophthora culture filtrate (CF)-induced immune responses. RXLR25 directly targets RLCK-VII proteins such as BIK1, PBL8, and PBL17 and inhibits pattern-induced phosphorylation of RLCK-VIIs to suppress downstream immune responses. This study identified a key virulence factor for P. capsici, and the results revealed the importance of RLCK-VII proteins in plant-oomycete interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiu Liang
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yazhou Bao
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meixiang Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dandan Du
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shaofei Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yixin Li
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guangyuan Xu
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratories of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, MOE Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Danyu Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qin Chang
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weiwei Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Gan Ai
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie Lu
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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41
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Yamaguchi K, Kawasaki T. Pathogen- and plant-derived peptides trigger plant immunity. Peptides 2021; 144:170611. [PMID: 34303752 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to pathogens in their immediate environment. Plants sense the invasion of pathogens by recognizing the components including peptide fragments derived from pathogens, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Plants also produce immunogenic peptides called phytocytokines that regulate immune responses. These molecules are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) at plasma membrane. Activated PRRs induce a variety of immune responses including production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of Ca2+ influx and activation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) wards off microbes and pests. In this review, we summarize recent our advances in understanding how the peptide fragments are generated and perceived by plant PRRs at cell surface, and the activated PRRs transduce the downstream immune signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kawasaki
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan; Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan.
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42
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DeFalco TA, Zipfel C. Molecular mechanisms of early plant pattern-triggered immune signaling. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3449-3467. [PMID: 34403694 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
All eukaryotic organisms have evolved sophisticated immune systems to appropriately respond to biotic stresses. In plants and animals, a key part of this immune system is pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Plant PRRs are cell-surface-localized receptor kinases (RKs) or receptor proteins (RPs) that sense microbe- or self-derived molecular patterns to regulate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), a robust form of antimicrobial immunity. Remarkable progress has been made in understanding how PRRs perceive their ligands, form active protein complexes, initiate cell signaling, and ultimately coordinate the cellular reprogramming that leads to PTI. Here, we discuss the critical roles of PRR complex formation and phosphorylation in activating PTI signaling, as well as the emerging paradigm in which receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) act as executors of signaling downstream of PRR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A DeFalco
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
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43
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Yuan M, Ngou BPM, Ding P, Xin XF. PTI-ETI crosstalk: an integrative view of plant immunity. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 62:102030. [PMID: 33684883 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants resist attacks by pathogens via innate immune responses, which are initiated by cell surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs) leading to pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), respectively. Although the two classes of immune receptors involve different activation mechanisms and appear to require different early signalling components, PTI and ETI eventually converge into many similar downstream responses, albeit with distinct amplitudes and dynamics. Increasing evidence suggests the existence of intricate interactions between PRR-mediated and NLR-mediated signalling cascades as well as common signalling components shared by both. Future investigation of the mechanisms underlying signal collaboration between PRR-initiated and NLR-initiated immunity will enable a more complete understanding of the plant immune system. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between the two layers of plant innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhang Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bruno Pok Man Ngou
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Pingtao Ding
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands.
| | - Xiu-Fang Xin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CAS-JIC Center of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Sciences (CEPAMS), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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44
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Hu SP, Li JJ, Dhar N, Li JP, Chen JY, Jian W, Dai XF, Yang XY. Lysin Motif (LysM) Proteins: Interlinking Manipulation of Plant Immunity and Fungi. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063114. [PMID: 33803725 PMCID: PMC8003243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteins with lysin motif (LysM) are carbohydrate-binding protein modules that play a critical role in the host-pathogen interactions. The plant LysM proteins mostly function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that sense chitin to induce the plant's immunity. In contrast, fungal LysM blocks chitin sensing or signaling to inhibit chitin-induced host immunity. In this review, we provide historical perspectives on plant and fungal LysMs to demonstrate how these proteins are involved in the regulation of plant's immune response by microbes. Plants employ LysM proteins to recognize fungal chitins that are then degraded by plant chitinases to induce immunity. In contrast, fungal pathogens recruit LysM proteins to protect their cell wall from hydrolysis by plant chitinase to prevent activation of chitin-induced immunity. Uncovering this coevolutionary arms race in which LysM plays a pivotal role in manipulating facilitates a greater understanding of the mechanisms governing plant-fungus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; (S.-P.H.); (J.-P.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Jun-Jiao Li
- c/o State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.-J.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Nikhilesh Dhar
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Salinas, CA 93905, USA;
| | - Jun-Peng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; (S.-P.H.); (J.-P.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Jie-Yin Chen
- c/o State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.-J.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Wei Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; (S.-P.H.); (J.-P.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Xiao-Feng Dai
- c/o State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (J.-J.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (X.-F.D.); (X.-Y.Y.)
| | - Xing-Yong Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; (S.-P.H.); (J.-P.L.); (W.J.)
- Correspondence: (X.-F.D.); (X.-Y.Y.)
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45
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Wanke A, Malisic M, Wawra S, Zuccaro A. Unraveling the sugar code: the role of microbial extracellular glycans in plant-microbe interactions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:15-35. [PMID: 32929496 PMCID: PMC7816849 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
To defend against microbial invaders but also to establish symbiotic programs, plants need to detect the presence of microbes through the perception of molecular signatures characteristic of a whole class of microbes. Among these molecular signatures, extracellular glycans represent a structurally complex and diverse group of biomolecules that has a pivotal role in the molecular dialog between plants and microbes. Secreted glycans and glycoconjugates such as symbiotic lipochitooligosaccharides or immunosuppressive cyclic β-glucans act as microbial messengers that prepare the ground for host colonization. On the other hand, microbial cell surface glycans are important indicators of microbial presence. They are conserved structures normally exposed and thus accessible for plant hydrolytic enzymes and cell surface receptor proteins. While the immunogenic potential of bacterial cell surface glycoconjugates such as lipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycan has been intensively studied in the past years, perception of cell surface glycans from filamentous microbes such as fungi or oomycetes is still largely unexplored. To date, only few studies have focused on the role of fungal-derived cell surface glycans other than chitin, highlighting a knowledge gap that needs to be addressed. The objective of this review is to give an overview on the biological functions and perception of microbial extracellular glycans, primarily focusing on their recognition and their contribution to plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Wanke
- University of Cologne, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute for Plant Sciences, Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Milena Malisic
- University of Cologne, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute for Plant Sciences, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Wawra
- University of Cologne, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute for Plant Sciences, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alga Zuccaro
- University of Cologne, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Institute for Plant Sciences, Cologne, Germany
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46
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Chen H, Raffaele S, Dong S. Silent control: microbial plant pathogens evade host immunity without coding sequence changes. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:6095737. [PMID: 33440001 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Both animals and plants have evolved a robust immune system to surveil and defeat invading pathogenic microbes. Evasion of host immune surveillance is the key for pathogens to initiate successful infection. To evade the host immunity, plant pathogens evolved a variety of strategies such as masking themselves from host immune recognitions, blocking immune signaling transductions, reprogramming immune responses and adapting to immune microenvironmental changes. Gain of new virulence genes, sequence and structural variations enables plant pathogens to evade host immunity through changes in the genetic code. However, recent discoveries demonstrated that variations at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-translational and glycome level enable pathogens to cope with the host immune system without coding sequence changes. The biochemical modification of pathogen associated molecular patterns and silencing of effector genes emerged as potent ways for pathogens to hide from host recognition. Altered processing in mRNA activities provide pathogens with resilience to microenvironment changes. Importantly, these hiding variants are directly or indirectly modulated by catalytic enzymes or enzymatic complexes and cannot be revealed by classical genomics alone. Unveiling these novel host evasion mechanisms in plant pathogens enables us to better understand the nature of plant disease and pinpoints strategies for rational diseases management in global food protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Sylvain Raffaele
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, INRAE, CNRS, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge - Auzeville, CS52627, F31326 Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Suomeng Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology and The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
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Zhang H, Zhai N, Ma X, Zhou H, Cui Y, Wang C, Xu G. Overexpression of OsRLCK241 confers enhanced salt and drought tolerance in transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.). Gene 2020; 768:145278. [PMID: 33166596 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) have been demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of growth, development, and pathogen responses in plants. However, the identity of RLCKs involved in abiotic tolerance remains elusive. In this study, we present data on OsRLCK241, a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase that is induced by salt and drought stresses. Subcellular localization revealed the presence of an OsRLCK241-GFP fusion protein at the plasma membrane. Under normal conditions, we did not observe any measurable discrepancies between the development and growth of WT and OsRLCK241 transgenic plants. In OsRLCK241 transgenic plants, the overexpression of OsRLCK241 conferred improved tolerance to salt and drought stresses. OsRLCK241 expression improved ROS detoxification by enhancing the activities of ROS scavengers as well as the accumulation of compatible osmolytes to alleviate the osmotic stress evoked by salt and drought stresses. Additionally, several stress-responsive genes showed higher expression levels in OsRLCK241 transgenic plants upon exposure to salt and drought conditions. Collectively, our observations suggest that OsRLCK241 improved salt and drought tolerance in rice is mainly due to improved ROS detoxification, increased accumulation of osmolytes, and altered expression of stress-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Niu Zhai
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Henan Vocational College of Agriculture, Zhengzhou 451450, China
| | - Huina Zhou
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanchun Cui
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guoyun Xu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Jia X, Rajib MR, Yin H. Recognition Pattern, Functional Mechanism and Application of Chitin and Chitosan Oligosaccharides in Sustainable Agriculture. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:3508-3521. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200617165915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Application of chitin attracts much attention in the past decades as the second abundant
polysaccharides in the world after cellulose. Chitin oligosaccharides (CTOS) and its deacetylated derivative chitosan
oligosaccharides (COS) were shown great potentiality in agriculture by enhancing plant resistance to abiotic
or biotic stresses, promoting plant growth and yield, improving fruits quality and storage, etc. Those applications
have already served huge economic and social benefits for many years. However, the recognition mode and functional
mechanism of CTOS and COS on plants have gradually revealed just in recent years.
Objective:
Recognition pattern and functional mechanism of CTOS and COS in plant together with application
status of COS in agricultural production will be well described in this review. By which we wish to promote
further development and application of CTOS and COS–related products in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mijanur R. Rajib
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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Sporulation in Ashbya gossypii. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6030157. [PMID: 32872517 PMCID: PMC7558398 DOI: 10.3390/jof6030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ashbya gossypii is a filamentous ascomycete belonging to the yeast family of Saccharomycetaceae. At the end of its growth phase Ashbya generates abundant amounts of riboflavin and spores that form within sporangia derived from fragmented cellular compartments of hyphae. The length of spores differs within species of the genus. Needle-shaped Ashbya spores aggregate via terminal filaments. A. gossypii is a homothallic fungus which may possess a and α mating types. However, the solo-MATa type strain is self-fertile and sporulates abundantly apparently without the need of prior mating. The central components required for the regulation of sporulation, encoded by IME1, IME2, IME4, KAR4, are conserved with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nutrient depletion generates a strong positive signal for sporulation via the cAMP-PKA pathway and SOK2, which is also essential for sporulation. Strong inhibitors of sporulation besides mutations in the central regulatory genes are the addition of exogenous cAMP or the overexpression of the mating type gene MATα2. Sporulation has been dissected using gene-function analyses and global RNA-seq transcriptomics. This revealed a role of Msn2/4, another potential PKA-target, for spore wall formation and a key dual role of the protein A kinase Tpk2 at the onset of sporulation as well as for breaking the dormancy of spores to initiate germination. Recent work has provided an overview of ascus development, regulation of sporulation and spore maturation. This will be summarized in the current review with a focus on the central regulatory genes. Current research and open questions will also be discussed.
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Williamson-Benavides BA, Sharpe RM, Nelson G, Bodah ET, Porter LD, Dhingra A. Identification of Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi ( Fsp) Responsive Genes in Pisum sativum. Front Genet 2020; 11:950. [PMID: 33014017 PMCID: PMC7461991 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pisum sativum (pea) is rapidly emerging as an inexpensive and significant contributor to the plant-derived protein market. Due to its nitrogen-fixation capability, short life cycle, and low water usage, pea is a useful cover-and-break crop that requires minimal external inputs. It is critical for sustainable agriculture and indispensable for future food security. Root rot in pea, caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi (Fsp), can result in a 15-60% reduction in yield. It is urgent to understand the molecular basis of Fsp interaction in pea to develop root rot tolerant cultivars. A complementary genetics and gene expression approach was undertaken in this study to identify Fsp-responsive genes in four tolerant and four susceptible pea genotypes. Time course RNAseq was performed on both sets of genotypes after the Fsp challenge. Analysis of the transcriptome data resulted in the identification of 42,905 differentially expressed contigs (DECs). Interestingly, the vast majority of DECs were overexpressed in the susceptible genotypes at all sampling time points, rather than in the tolerant genotypes. Gene expression and GO enrichment analyses revealed genes coding for receptor-mediated endocytosis, sugar transporters, salicylic acid synthesis, and signaling, and cell death were overexpressed in the susceptible genotypes. In the tolerant genotypes, genes involved in exocytosis, and secretion by cell, the anthocyanin synthesis pathway, as well as the DRR230 gene, a pathogenesis-related (PR) gene, were overexpressed. The complementary genetic and RNAseq approach has yielded a set of potential genes that could be targeted for improved tolerance against root rot in P. sativum. Fsp challenge produced a futile transcriptomic response in the susceptible genotypes. This type of response is hypothesized to be related to the speed at which the pathogen infestation advances in the susceptible genotypes and the preexisting level of disease-preparedness in the tolerant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard M Sharpe
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Grant Nelson
- Molecular Plant Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Eliane T Bodah
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Lyndon D Porter
- USDA-ARS, Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, Prosser, WA, United States
| | - Amit Dhingra
- Molecular Plant Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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