1
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Vlieghe H, Sousa MJ, Charif D, Amorim CA. Unveiling the Differentiation Potential of Ovarian Theca Interna Cells from Multipotent Stem Cell-like Cells. Cells 2024; 13:1248. [PMID: 39120279 PMCID: PMC11311681 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Theca interna cells (TICs) are an indispensable cell source for ovarian follicle development and steroidogenesis. Recent studies have identified theca stem cells (TSCs) in both humans and animals. Interestingly, TSCs express mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-related markers and can differentiate into mesenchymal lineages. MSCs are promising for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and differentiation abilities. Therefore, this study investigated the potential origin of TICs from MSCs. DESIGN Whole ovaries from postmenopausal organ donors were obtained, and their cortex was cryopreserved prior to the isolation of stromal cells. These isolated cells were differentiated in vitro to TICs using cell media enriched with various growth factors and hormones. Immunocytochemistry, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain were employed at different timepoints. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. RESULTS Immunocytochemistry showed an increase in TIC markers from day 0 to day 8 and a significant rise in MSC-like markers on day 2. This corresponds with rising androstenedione levels from day 2 to day 13. Flow cytometry identified a decreasing MSC-like cell population from day 2 onwards. The CD13+ cell population and its gene expression increased significantly over time. NGFR and PDGFRA expression was induced on days 0 and 2, respectively, compared to day 13. CONCLUSIONS This study offers insights into MSC-like cells as the potential origin of TICs. Differentiating TICs from these widely accessible MSCs holds potential significance for toxicity studies and investigating TIC-related disorders like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christiani A. Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de la Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 54, bte B1.55.03, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (H.V.); (M.J.S.); (D.C.)
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2
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Tong Z, Yin Z. Distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin + cells. J Adv Res 2024; 61:47-63. [PMID: 37648021 PMCID: PMC11258671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nestin is an intermediate filament first reported in neuroepithelial stem cells. Nestin expression could be found in a variety of tissues throughout all systems of the body, especially during tissue development and tissue regeneration processes. AIM OF REVIEW This review aimed to summarize and discuss current studies on the distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin+ cells in different systems of the body, to discuss the feasibility ofusing nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and better understand the potential roles of nestin+ cells in tissue development, regeneration and pathological processes. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review highlights the potential of nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and as a key factor in tissue development and tissue regeneration. The article discussed the current findings, limitations, and potential clinical implications or applications of nestin+ cells. Additionally, it included the relationship of nestin+ cells to other cell populations. We propose potential future research directions to encourage further investigation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Tong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Yin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
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3
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Choudhary P, Gupta A, Gupta SK, Dwivedi S, Singh S. Comparative evaluation of divergent concoction of NGF, BDNF, EGF, and FGF growth factor's role in enhancing neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129561. [PMID: 38246449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
MSCs (Mesenchymal Stem Cells) can differentiate into various lineages, including neurons and glial cells. In the past few decades, MSCs have been well explored in the context of neuronal differentiation and have been reported to have the immense potential to form distinct kinds of neurons. The distinguishing features of MSCs make them among the most desired cell sources for stem cell therapy. This study involved the trans-differentiation of Adipose-derived human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs) into neurons. The protocol employs a cocktail of chemical inducers in different combinations, including Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and Nerve growth factor (NGF) Fibroblastic growth factor (FGF), in induction media. Both types have been successfully differentiated into neurons, confirmed by morphological aspects and the presence of neural-specific markers through RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) studies and immunocytochemistry assay. They have shown excellent morphology with long neurites, synaptic connections, and essential neural markers to validate their identity. The results may significantly contribute to cell replacement therapy for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Princy Choudhary
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj 211015, U.P., India
| | - Ayushi Gupta
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj 211015, U.P., India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Shrey Dwivedi
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj 211015, U.P., India
| | - Sangeeta Singh
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj 211015, U.P., India.
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4
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Zheng K, Wei Z, Li W. Ecological insights into hematopoiesis regulation: unraveling the influence of gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2350784. [PMID: 38727219 PMCID: PMC11093038 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2350784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota constitutes a vast ecological system within the human body, forming a mutually interdependent entity with the host. In recent years, advancements in molecular biology technologies have provided a clearer understanding of the role of the gut microbiota. They not only influence the local immune status and metabolic functions of the host's intestinal tract but also impact the functional transformation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through the gut-blood axis. In this review, we will discuss the role of the gut microbiota in influencing hematopoiesis. We analyze the interactions between HSCs and other cellular components, with a particular emphasis on the direct functional regulation of HSCs by the gut microbiota and their indirect influence through cellular components in the bone marrow microenvironment. Additionally, we propose potential control targets for signaling pathways triggered by the gut microbiota to regulate hematopoietic function, filling crucial knowledge gaps in the development of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zheng
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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5
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Niemann T, Joneleit J, Storm J, Nacke T, Wähnert D, Kaltschmidt C, Vordemvenne T, Kaltschmidt B. Analyzing Sex-Specific Dimorphism in Human Skeletal Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2683. [PMID: 38067111 PMCID: PMC10705359 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-related differences are a current topic in contemporary science. In addition to hormonal regulation, cell-autonomous mechanisms are important in bone homeostasis and regeneration. In this study, human skeletal stem cells (SSCs) from female and male adults were cultured and analyzed with immunological assays and osteogenic differentiation assessments. Female SSCs exhibited a mean doubling time of 100.6 h, whereas male SSCs displayed a mean doubling time of 168.0 h. Immunophenotyping revealed the expression of the stem cell markers Nestin, CD133, and CD164, accompanied by the neural-crest marker SOX9. Furthermore, multiparameter flow cytometric analyses revealed a substantial population of multipotent SSCs, comprising up to 80% in both sexes. An analysis of the osteogenic differentiation potential demonstrated a strong mineralization in both male and female SSCs under physiological conditions. Recognizing the prevailing association of bone diseases with inflammatory processes, we also analyzed the osteogenic potential of SSCs from both sexes under pro-inflammatory conditions. Upon TNF-α and IL-1β treatment, we observed no sexual dimorphism on osteogenesis. In summary, we demonstrated the successful isolation and characterization of SSCs capable of rapid osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, in vitro cultured SSCs might be a suitable model to study sexual dimorphisms and develop drugs for degenerative bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Niemann
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.J.); (T.N.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
| | - Jonas Joneleit
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.J.); (T.N.); (B.K.)
| | - Jonathan Storm
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tom Nacke
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.J.); (T.N.); (B.K.)
| | - Dirk Wähnert
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Burgsteig 13, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Kaltschmidt
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Vordemvenne
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, Campus Bielefeld-Bethel, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Burgsteig 13, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara Kaltschmidt
- Molecular Neurobiology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.J.); (T.N.); (B.K.)
- Forschungsverbund BioMedizin Bielefeld FBMB e.V., 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.S.); (D.W.); (C.K.); (T.V.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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6
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An S, Song IH, Woo CG. Diagnostic Value of Nestin Expression in Adult Gliomas. Int J Surg Pathol 2023; 31:1014-1020. [PMID: 36168213 DOI: 10.1177/10668969221125792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Nestin, a type VI intermediate filament, is expressed in neuroepithelial cells during embryogenesis and has been expressed in various human tumors. Recent studies reported that the expression was associated with poor prognosis in brain tumors, but the results were inconclusive. In this study, we evaluated usefulness of nestin expression as a prognostic biomarker in consideration of IDH mutation and the World Health Organization (WHO) classification fifth edition. Methods. To investigate nestin expression, immunohistochemistry was performed on 92 adult brain gliomas using tissue microarrays. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes according to nestin expression and examined whether nestin expression alone affects the prognosis, independent of IDH mutation. Results. Sixty patients (65.2%) were nestin-positive (weak and strong). Nestin expression and intensity were significantly correlated with pathologic diagnosis and IDH mutation. The patients with high-grade gliomas showed a higher frequency and stronger intensity of nestin expression than those with low-grade gliomas (P < .001). The majority (93.6%) of gliomas with IDH mutation showed no expression or weak positivity. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis for overall survival demonstrated that nestin expression (weak, hazard ratio [HR] 5.39, P = .036; strong, HR 8.43, P = .007) was an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, patients with nestin-expressing glioma showed shorter survival (P < .001). Conclusions. Nestin seems to be strongly expressed in the vast majority of glioblastomas, IDH-wildtype and rarely in IDH-mutant gliomas. Clear correlation between nestin expression and pathologic diagnosis makes an accurate patient diagnosis. Expression and intensity of nestin were significantly correlated with worse survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon An
- Department of Pathology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea
| | - In Hye Song
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Gok Woo
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
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7
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Pielok A, Kępska M, Steczkiewicz Z, Grobosz S, Bourebaba L, Marycz K. Equine Hoof Progenitor Cells Display Increased Mitochondrial Metabolism and Adaptive Potential to a Highly Pro-Inflammatory Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11446. [PMID: 37511204 PMCID: PMC10379971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal signaling cells (MSC) exhibit distinct molecular signatures and biological abilities, depending on the type of tissue they originate from. Recently, we isolated and described a new population of stem cells residing in the coronary corium, equine hoof progenitor cells (HPCs), which could be a new promising cell pool for the treatment of laminitis. Therefore, this study aimed to compare native populations of HPCs to well-established adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in standard culture conditions and in a pro-inflammatory milieu to mimic a laminitis condition. ASCs and HPCs were either cultured in standard conditions or subjected to priming with a cytokines cocktail mixture. The cells were harvested and analyzed for expression of key markers for phenotype, mitochondrial metabolism, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and immunomodulation using RT-qPCR. The morphology and migration were assessed based on fluorescent staining. Microcapillary cytometry analyses were performed to assess the distribution in the cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, and oxidative stress. Native HPCs exhibited a similar morphology to ASCs, but a different phenotype. The HPCs possessed lower migration capacity and distinct distribution across cell cycle phases. Native HPCs were characterized by different mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative stress levels. Under standard culture conditions, HPCs displayed different expression patterns of apoptotic and immunomodulatory markers than ASCs, as well as distinct miRNA expression. Interestingly, after priming with the cytokines cocktail mixture, HPCs exhibited different mitochondrial dynamics than ASCs; however, the apoptosis and immunomodulatory marker expression was similar in both populations. Native ASCs and HPCs exhibited different baseline expressions of markers involved in mitochondrial dynamics, the oxidative stress response, apoptosis and inflammation. When exposed to a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, ASCs and HPCs differed in the expression of mitochondrial condition markers and chosen miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Pielok
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Kępska
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Steczkiewicz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Grobosz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mała, Poland
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8
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Tani S, Okada H, Onodera S, Chijimatsu R, Seki M, Suzuki Y, Xin X, Rowe DW, Saito T, Tanaka S, Chung UI, Ohba S, Hojo H. Stem cell-based modeling and single-cell multiomics reveal gene-regulatory mechanisms underlying human skeletal development. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112276. [PMID: 36965484 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the skeleton is essential for locomotion, endocrine functions, and hematopoiesis, the molecular mechanisms of human skeletal development remain to be elucidated. Here, we introduce an integrative method to model human skeletal development by combining in vitro sclerotome induction from human pluripotent stem cells and in vivo endochondral bone formation by implanting the sclerotome beneath the renal capsules of immunodeficient mice. Histological and scRNA-seq analyses reveal that the induced bones recapitulate endochondral ossification and are composed of human skeletal cells and mouse circulatory cells. The skeletal cell types and their trajectories are similar to those of human embryos. Single-cell multiome analysis reveals dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility associated with multiple transcription factors constituting cell-type-specific gene-regulatory networks (GRNs). We further identify ZEB2, which may regulate the GRNs in human osteogenesis. Collectively, these results identify components of GRNs in human skeletal development and provide a valuable model for its investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Tani
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shoko Onodera
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Ryota Chijimatsu
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masahide Seki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Xiaonan Xin
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - David W Rowe
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Taku Saito
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Sensory and Motor System Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ung-Il Chung
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan; Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hironori Hojo
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
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9
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Khazaei M, Khazaei F, Niromand E, Ghanbari E. Tissue engineering approaches and generation of insulin-producing cells to treat type 1 diabetes. J Drug Target 2023; 31:14-31. [PMID: 35896313 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2107653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) has become a new effective solution to a variety of medical problems, including diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have the ability to differentiate into endodermal and mesodermal cells, appear to be appropriate for this function. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the outcomes of various researches on the insulin-producing cells (IPCs) generation from MSCs with TE approaches to increase efficacy of type 1 diabetes treatments. The search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Embase databases until 2021. Studies revealed that MSCs could also differentiate into IPCs under certain conditions. Therefore, a wide range of protocols have been used for this differentiation, but their effectiveness is very different. Scaffolds can provide a microenvironment that enhances the MSCs to IPCs differentiation, improves their metabolic activity and up-regulate pancreatic-specific transcription factors. They also preserve IPCs architecture and enhance insulin production as well as protect against cell death. This systematic review offers a framework for prospective research based on data. In vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that scaffold-based TE can improve the viability and function of IPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khazaei
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Niromand
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Ghanbari
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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10
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Gonzaga VF, Wenceslau CV, Vieira DP, Policiquio BDO, Khalil C, Araldi RP, Kerkis I. Therapeutic Potential of Human Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells Observed in Mouse Model for Acquired Aplastic Anemia. Cells 2022; 11:2252. [PMID: 35883695 PMCID: PMC9315564 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare and serious disorder of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that results in the loss of blood cells due to the failure of the bone marrow (BM). Although BM transplantation is used to treat AA, its use is limited by donor availability. In this sense, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can offer a novel therapeutic approach for AA. This is because the MSCs contribute to the hematopoietic niche organization through their repopulating. In our study, we used the human immature dental pulp stem cell (hIDPSC), an MSC-like cell, to explore an alternative therapeutic approach for AA. For this, isogenic C57BL/6 mice were exposed to total body irradiation (TBI) to induce the AA. After 48 h of TBI, the mice were intraperitoneally treated with hIDPSC. The immunohistochemistry analyses confirmed that the hIDPSCs migrated and grafted in the mouse bone marrow (BM) and spleen, providing rapid support to hematopoiesis recovery compared to the group exposed to radiation, but not to those treated with the cells as well as the hematological parameters. Six months after the last hIDPSC transplantation, the BM showed long-term stable hematopoiesis. Our data highlight the therapeutic plasticity and hematoprotective role of hIDPSC for AA and potentially for other hematopoietic failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Fonseca Gonzaga
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (V.F.G.); (B.d.O.P.); (R.P.A.)
- Cellavita Pesquisas Científicas Ltda., Valinhos 13271-650, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Bruna de Oliveira Policiquio
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (V.F.G.); (B.d.O.P.); (R.P.A.)
- Cellavita Pesquisas Científicas Ltda., Valinhos 13271-650, Brazil;
| | - Charbel Khalil
- Reviva Stem Cell Platform for Research and Applications Center, Bsalim 17-5208, Lebanon;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 17-5208, Lebanon
| | - Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (V.F.G.); (B.d.O.P.); (R.P.A.)
- Cellavita Pesquisas Científicas Ltda., Valinhos 13271-650, Brazil;
| | - Irina Kerkis
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (V.F.G.); (B.d.O.P.); (R.P.A.)
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11
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Xie JL, Wang XR, Li MM, Tao ZH, Teng WW, Saijilafu. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms and Prospects. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:862673. [PMID: 35722621 PMCID: PMC9204037 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.862673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to severe motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction in patients and imposes a huge economic cost to individuals and society. Due to its complicated pathophysiological mechanism, there is not yet an optimal treatment available for SCI. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidate transplant cells for use in SCI treatment. The multipotency of MSCs, as well as their rich trophic and immunomodulatory abilities through paracrine signaling, are expected to play an important role in neural repair. At the same time, the simplicity of MSCs isolation and culture and the bypassing of ethical barriers to stem cell transplantation make them more attractive. However, the MSCs concept has evolved in a specific research context to encompass different populations of cells with a variety of biological characteristics, and failure to understand this can undermine the quality of research in the field. Here, we review the development of the concept of MSCs in order to clarify misconceptions and discuss the controversy in MSCs neural differentiation. We also summarize a potential role of MSCs in SCI treatment, including their migration and trophic and immunomodulatory effects, and their ability to relieve neuropathic pain, and we also highlight directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Le Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China,Orthopaedic Institute, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing-Ran Wang
- Orthopaedic Institute, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei-Mei Li
- Orthopaedic Institute, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zi-Han Tao
- Orthopaedic Institute, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wen-Wen Teng
- Orthopaedic Institute, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Saijilafu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China,Orthopaedic Institute, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China,*Correspondence: Saijilafu,
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12
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Patients' Stem Cells Differentiation in a 3D Environment as a Promising Experimental Tool for the Study of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105344. [PMID: 35628156 PMCID: PMC9141644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease (NDD) that affects motor neurons, causing weakness, muscle atrophy and spasticity. Unfortunately, there are only symptomatic treatments available. Two important innovations in recent years are three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The aim of this work was to demonstrate the robustness of 3D cultures for the differentiation of stem cells for the study of ALS. We reprogrammed healthy and sALS peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in iPSCs and differentiated them in neural stem cells (NSCs) in 2D. NSCs were printed in 3D hydrogel-based constructs and subsequently differentiated first in motor neuron progenitors and finally in motor neurons. Every step of differentiation was tested for cell viability and characterized by confocal microscopy and RT-qPCR. Finally, we tested the electrophysiological characteristics of included NSC34. We found that NSCs maintained good viability during the 3D differentiation. Our results suggest that the hydrogel does not interfere with the correct differentiation process or with the electrophysiological features of the included cells. Such evidence confirmed that 3D bioprinting can be considered a good model for the study of ALS pathogenesis.
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13
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Pereira AR, Trivanović D, Stahlhut P, Rudert M, Groll J, Herrmann M. Preservation of the naïve features of mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro: Comparison of cell- and bone-derived decellularized extracellular matrix. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221074453. [PMID: 35154631 PMCID: PMC8829705 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221074453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fate and behavior of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSC) is bidirectionally influenced by their microenvironment, the stem cell niche, where a magnitude of biochemical and physical cues communicate in an extremely orchestrated way. It is known that simplified 2D in vitro systems for BM-MSC culture do not represent their naïve physiological environment. Here, we developed four different 2D cell-based decellularized matrices (dECM) and a 3D decellularized human trabecular-bone scaffold (dBone) to evaluate BM-MSC behavior. The obtained cell-derived matrices provided a reliable tool for cell shape-based analyses of typical features associated with osteogenic differentiation at high-throughput level. On the other hand, exploratory proteomics analysis identified native bone-specific proteins selectively expressed in dBone but not in dECM models. Together with its architectural complexity, the physico-chemical properties of dBone triggered the upregulation of stemness associated genes and niche-related protein expression, proving in vitro conservation of the naïve features of BM-MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Pereira
- IZKF Group Tissue Regeneration in Musculoskeletal Diseases, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Bernhard-Heine-Centrum for Locomotion Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Drenka Trivanović
- IZKF Group Tissue Regeneration in Musculoskeletal Diseases, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Bernhard-Heine-Centrum for Locomotion Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Stahlhut
- Chair for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rudert
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Chair for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marietta Herrmann
- IZKF Group Tissue Regeneration in Musculoskeletal Diseases, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Bernhard-Heine-Centrum for Locomotion Research, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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14
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Inflammation Regulates Haematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Niche. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031125. [PMID: 35163048 PMCID: PMC8835214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in the bone marrow and are supported by the specialised microenvironment, a niche to maintain HSC quiescence. To deal with haematopoietic equilibrium disrupted during inflammation, HSCs are activated from quiescence directly and indirectly to generate more mature immune cells, especially the myeloid lineage cells. In the process of proliferation and differentiation, HSCs gradually lose their self-renewal potential. The extensive inflammation might cause HSC exhaustion/senescence and malignant transformation. Here, we summarise the current understanding of how HSC functions are maintained, damaged, or exhausted during acute, prolonged, and pathological inflammatory conditions. We also highlight the inflammation-altered HSC niche and its impact on escalating the insults on HSCs.
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15
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Hidalgo-Alvarez V, Dhowre HS, Kingston OA, Sheridan CM, Levis HJ. Biofabrication of Artificial Stem Cell Niches in the Anterior Ocular Segment. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:135. [PMID: 34677208 PMCID: PMC8533470 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anterior segment of the eye is a complex set of structures that collectively act to maintain the integrity of the globe and direct light towards the posteriorly located retina. The eye is exposed to numerous physical and environmental insults such as infection, UV radiation, physical or chemical injuries. Loss of transparency to the cornea or lens (cataract) and dysfunctional regulation of intra ocular pressure (glaucoma) are leading causes of worldwide blindness. Whilst traditional therapeutic approaches can improve vision, their effect often fails to control the multiple pathological events that lead to long-term vision loss. Regenerative medicine approaches in the eye have already had success with ocular stem cell therapy and ex vivo production of cornea and conjunctival tissue for transplant recovering patients' vision. However, advancements are required to increase the efficacy of these as well as develop other ocular cell therapies. One of the most important challenges that determines the success of regenerative approaches is the preservation of the stem cell properties during expansion culture in vitro. To achieve this, the environment must provide the physical, chemical and biological factors that ensure the maintenance of their undifferentiated state, as well as their proliferative capacity. This is likely to be accomplished by replicating the natural stem cell niche in vitro. Due to the complex nature of the cell microenvironment, the creation of such artificial niches requires the use of bioengineering techniques which can replicate the physico-chemical properties and the dynamic cell-extracellular matrix interactions that maintain the stem cell phenotype. This review discusses the progress made in the replication of stem cell niches from the anterior ocular segment by using bioengineering approaches and their therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Hidalgo-Alvarez
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Hala S. Dhowre
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (H.S.D.); (O.A.K.)
| | - Olivia A. Kingston
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (H.S.D.); (O.A.K.)
| | - Carl M. Sheridan
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (H.S.D.); (O.A.K.)
| | - Hannah J. Levis
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (H.S.D.); (O.A.K.)
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16
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Rebuilding the hematopoietic stem cell niche: Recent developments and future prospects. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:129-148. [PMID: 33813090 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have proven their clinical relevance in stem cell transplantation to cure patients with hematological disorders. Key to their regenerative potential is their natural microenvironment - their niche - in the bone marrow (BM). Developments in the field of biomaterials enable the recreation of such environments with increasing preciseness in the laboratory. Such artificial niches help to gain a fundamental understanding of the biophysical and biochemical processes underlying the interaction of HSCs with the materials in their environment and the disturbance of this interplay during diseases affecting the BM. Artificial niches also have the potential to multiply HSCs in vitro, to enable the targeted differentiation of HSCs into mature blood cells or to serve as drug-testing platforms. In this review, we will introduce the importance of artificial niches followed by the biology and biophysics of the natural archetype. We will outline how 2D biomaterials can be used to dissect the complexity of the natural niche into individual parameters for fundamental research and how 3D systems evolved from them. We will present commonly used biomaterials for HSC research and their applications. Finally, we will highlight two areas in the field of HSC research, which just started to unlock the possibilities provided by novel biomaterials, in vitro blood production and studying the pathophysiology of the niche in vitro. With these contents, the review aims to give a broad overview of the different biomaterials applied for HSC research and to discuss their potentials, challenges and future directions in the field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent cells responsible for maintaining the turnover of all blood cells. They are routinely applied to treat patients with hematological diseases. This high clinical relevance explains the necessity of multiplication or differentiation of HSCs in the laboratory, which is hampered by the missing natural microenvironment - the so called niche. Biomaterials offer the possibility to mimic the niche and thus overcome this hurdle. The review introduces the HSC niche in the bone marrow and discusses the utility of biomaterials in creating artificial niches. It outlines how 2D systems evolved into sophisticated 3D platforms, which opened the gateway to applications such as, expansion of clinically relevant HSCs, in vitro blood production, studying niche pathologies and drug testing.
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17
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Manokawinchoke J, Watcharawipas T, Ekmetipunth K, Jiamjirachart M, Osathanon T. Dorsomorphin attenuates Jagged1-induced mineralization in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2021; 54:2229-2242. [PMID: 34455605 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether TGF-β/BMP signalling participates in Jagged1-induced osteogenic differentiation in human dental pulp cells (hDPs). METHODOLOGY Bioinformatic analysis of publicly available RNA sequencing data of Jagged1-treated hDPs was performed using NetworkAnalyst. The mRNA expression was validated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. hDPs were seeded on Jagged1 immobilized surfaces in the presence or absence of TGF-β or BMP inhibitor. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase staining, osteogenic marker gene expression and mineralization assay. Statistical analyses were performed using a Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by a pairwise comparison for more than three group comparison. Mann-Whitney U-test was employed for two group comparison. The statistical significance was considered at p < .05. RESULTS Jagged1 treatment in growth medium significantly promoted TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 whilst significantly inhibited BMP2, BMP4 and BMP6 mRNA expression (p < .05). In osteogenic induction medium, Jagged1 significantly up-regulated TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 at days 1 and 3 (p < .05). Pre-treatment with TGF-β1, TGF-β2 or TGF-β3 prior to osteogenic induction resulted in the significant increase of osteogenic marker gene expression, collagen type 1 protein expression, alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity and mineral deposition (p < .05). However, TGF-β signalling inhibition with SB431542 (4 μmol L-1 ) or SB505124 (47 and 129 nmol L-1 ) failed to attenuate the effect of Jagged1-induced osteogenic differentiation in hDPs. Dorsomorphin (4 and 8 μmol L-1 ) treatment significantly abolished the effect of Jagged1 on mineralization by hDPs (p < .05). CONCLUSION Notch signalling activation by Jagged1 modulated TGF-β and BMP ligand expression. Dorsomorphin, but not TGF-β receptor inhibitor, attenuated Jagged1-induced osteogenic differentiation in hDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeranan Manokawinchoke
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thiphon Watcharawipas
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamoltham Ekmetipunth
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Manoch Jiamjirachart
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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18
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Farina AR, Cappabianca LA, Zelli V, Sebastiano M, Mackay AR. Mechanisms involved in selecting and maintaining neuroblastoma cancer stem cell populations, and perspectives for therapeutic targeting. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:685-736. [PMID: 34367474 PMCID: PMC8316860 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric neuroblastomas (NBs) are heterogeneous, aggressive, therapy-resistant embryonal tumours that originate from cells of neural crest (NC) origin and in particular neuroblasts committed to the sympathoadrenal progenitor cell lineage. Therapeutic resistance, post-therapeutic relapse and subsequent metastatic NB progression are driven primarily by cancer stem cell (CSC)-like subpopulations, which through their self-renewing capacity, intermittent and slow cell cycles, drug-resistant and reversibly adaptive plastic phenotypes, represent the most important obstacle to improving therapeutic outcomes in unfavourable NBs. In this review, dedicated to NB CSCs and the prospects for their therapeutic eradication, we initiate with brief descriptions of the unique transient vertebrate embryonic NC structure and salient molecular protagonists involved NC induction, specification, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migratory behaviour, in order to familiarise the reader with the embryonic cellular and molecular origins and background to NB. We follow this by introducing NB and the potential NC-derived stem/progenitor cell origins of NBs, before providing a comprehensive review of the salient molecules, signalling pathways, mechanisms, tumour microenvironmental and therapeutic conditions involved in promoting, selecting and maintaining NB CSC subpopulations, and that underpin their therapy-resistant, self-renewing metastatic behaviour. Finally, we review potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects for targeting and eradication of these bastions of NB therapeutic resistance, post-therapeutic relapse and metastatic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Rosella Farina
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy
| | - Lucia Annamaria Cappabianca
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy
| | - Veronica Zelli
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy
| | - Michela Sebastiano
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy
| | - Andrew Reay Mackay
- Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila 67100, AQ, Italy.
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19
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Günhan Ö, Kahraman D, Yalçın ÜK. The possible pathogenesis of cemento-osseous dysplasia: A case series and discussion. ADVANCES IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adoms.2021.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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20
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Zhang YT, He KJ, Zhang JB, Ma QH, Wang F, Liu CF. Advances in intranasal application of stem cells in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:210. [PMID: 33762014 PMCID: PMC7992869 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are characterized by their self-renewal and multipotency and have great potential in the therapy of various disorders. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the application of stem cells in the therapy of neurological disorders, especially in a noninvasive way. It has been shown that small molecular substances, macromolecular proteins, and even stem cells can bypass the BBB and reach the brain parenchyma following intranasal administration. Here, we review the possible brain-entry routes of transnasal treatment, the cell types, and diseases involved in intranasal stem cell therapy, and discuss its advantages and disadvantages in the treatment of central nervous system diseases, to provide a reference for the application of intranasal stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Kai-Jie He
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jin-Bao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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21
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Zottel A, Jovčevska I, Šamec N, Komel R. Cytoskeletal proteins as glioblastoma biomarkers and targets for therapy: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 160:103283. [PMID: 33667657 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most common primary brain malignancy, is an exceptionally fatal cancer. Lack of suitable biomarkers and efficient treatment largely contribute to the therapy failure. Cytoskeletal proteins are crucial proteins in glioblastoma pathogenesis and can potentially serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Among them, GFAP, has gained most attention as potential diagnostic biomarker, while vimentin and microtubules are considered as prospective therapeutic targets. Microtubules represent one of the best anti-cancer targets due to their critical role in cell proliferation. Despite testing in clinical trials, the efficiency of taxanes, epothilones, vinca-domain binding drugs, colchicine-domain binding drugs and γ-tubulin binding drugs remains to be confirmed. Moreover, tumor treating field that disrupts microtubules draw attention because of its high efficiency and is called "the fourth cancer treatment modality". Thereby, because of the involvement of cytoskeleton in key physiological and pathological processes, its therapeutic potential in glioblastoma is currently extensively investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alja Zottel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neja Šamec
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Radovan Komel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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22
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McGuire JJ, Frieling JS, Lo CH, Li T, Muhammad A, Lawrence HR, Lawrence NJ, Cook LM, Lynch CC. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived interleukin-28 drives the selection of apoptosis resistant bone metastatic prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:723. [PMID: 33526787 PMCID: PMC7851397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment and their differentiation into osteoblasts. However, the effects of bone-marrow derived MSCs on PCa cells are less explored. Here, we report MSC-derived interleukin-28 (IL-28) triggers prostate cancer cell apoptosis via IL-28 receptor alpha (IL-28Rα)-STAT1 signaling. However, chronic exposure to MSCs drives the selection of prostate cancer cells that are resistant to IL-28-induced apoptosis and therapeutics such as docetaxel. Further, MSC-selected/IL-28-resistant prostate cancer cells grow at accelerated rates in bone. Acquired resistance to apoptosis is PCa cell intrinsic, and is associated with a shift in IL-28Rα signaling via STAT1 to STAT3. Notably, STAT3 ablation or inhibition impairs MSC-selected prostate cancer cell growth and survival. Thus, bone marrow MSCs drive the emergence of therapy-resistant bone metastatic prostate cancer yet this can be disabled by targeting STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J McGuire
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jeremy S Frieling
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chen Hao Lo
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ayaz Muhammad
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Harshani R Lawrence
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nicholas J Lawrence
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Leah M Cook
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Conor C Lynch
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
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23
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Rusu MC, Săndulescu M, Stoenescu MD. Nestin and dental pulp stones - a case report-driven hypothesis. Morphologie 2021; 106:56-60. [PMID: 33485781 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) with multilineage potential of differentiation. Different studies investigated dental pulp stones (PS), the calcified masses in the dental pulp, in regard to their prevalence, topography and structure. The etiology of PS is still unclear and, to our knowledge, the DPSCs were not attributed yet specific roles in PS formation. We report here an immunohistochemical study of a PS-embedding dental pulp from an impacted third mandibular molar of an adult patient, in which we used antibodies against CD34, Ki67, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and nestin. While endothelial cells expressed CD34 and pericytes or vascular smooth muscle cells expressed α-SMA, DPSCs and the osteoblasts coating the PS were exclusively labeled with nestin antibody. Stromal networks of nestin-expressing DPSCs were regarded as in situ providers of osteogenic progenitors involved in PS formation. Further experimental studies, with larger lots of tissue samples, as well as extended panels of markers, are needed in order to elucidate the DPSC hypothesis in the PS etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Rusu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - M Săndulescu
- Division of Implant Prosthetic Therapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - M D Stoenescu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Dr. Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
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24
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Inhibition of TGFβ improves hematopoietic stem cell niche and ameliorates cancer-related anemia. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:65. [PMID: 33461597 PMCID: PMC7814632 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cachexia is a wasting syndrome that is quite common in terminal-stage cancer patients. Cancer-related anemia is one of the main features of cancer cachexia and mostly results in a poor prognosis. The disadvantages of the current therapies are obvious, but few new treatments have been developed because the pathological mechanism remains unclear. Methods C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously injected with Lewis lung carcinoma cells to generate a cancer-related anemia model. The treated group received daily intraperitoneal injections of SB505124. Blood parameters were determined with a routine blood counting analyzer. Erythroid cells and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The microarchitecture changes of the femurs were determined by micro-computed tomography scans. Smad2/3 phosphorylation was analyzed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The changes in the hematopoietic stem cell niche were revealed by qPCR analysis of both fibrosis-related genes and hematopoietic genes, fibroblastic colony-forming unit assays, and lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells. Results The mouse model exhibited hematopoietic suppression, marked by a decrease of erythrocytes in the peripheral blood, as well as an increase of immature erythroblasts and reduced differentiation of multipotent progenitors in the bone marrow. The ratio of bone volume/total volume, trabecular number, and cortical wall thickness all appeared to decrease, and the increased osteoclast number has led to the release of latent TGFβ and TGFβ signaling over-activation. Excessive TGFβ deteriorated the hematopoietic stem cell niche, inducing fibrosis of the bone marrow as well as the transition of mesenchymal stromal cells. Treatment with SB505124, a small-molecule inhibitor of TGFβ signaling, significantly attenuated the symptoms of cancer-related anemia in this model, as evidenced by the increase of erythrocytes in the peripheral blood and the normalized proportion of erythroblast cell clusters. Meanwhile, hindered hematopoiesis and deteriorated hematopoietic stem cell niche were also shown to be restored with SB505124 treatment. Conclusion This study investigated the role of TGFβ released by bone remodeling in the progression of cancer-related anemia and revealed a potential therapeutic approach for relieving defects in hematopoiesis.
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Lee J, Henderson K, Massidda MW, Armenta-Ochoa M, Im BG, Veith A, Lee BK, Kim M, Maceda P, Yoon E, Samarneh L, Wong M, Dunn AK, Kim J, Baker AB. Mechanobiological conditioning of mesenchymal stem cells for enhanced vascular regeneration. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:89-102. [PMID: 33483713 PMCID: PMC8875880 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-020-00674-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Using endogenous mesenchymal stem cells for treating myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular conditions typically results in poor efficacy, in part owing to the heterogeneity of the harvested cells and of the patient responses. Here, by means of high-throughput screening of the combinatorial space of mechanical-strain level and of the presence of particular kinase inhibitors, we show that human mesenchymal stem cells can be mechanically and pharmacologically conditioned to enhance vascular regeneration in vivo. Mesenchymal stem cells conditioned to increase the activation of signalling pathways mediated by Smad2/3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3) and YAP (Yes-associated protein) expressed markers that are associated with pericytes and endothelial cells, displayed increased angiogenic activity in vitro, and enhanced the formation of vasculature in mice after subcutaneous implantation and after implantation in ischaemic hindlimbs. These effects were mediated by the crosstalk of endothelial-growth-factor receptors, transforming-growth-factor-beta receptor type 1 and vascular-endothelial-growth-factor receptor 2. Mechanical and pharmacological conditioning can significantly enhance the regenerative properties of mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Lee
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Kayla Henderson
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Miles W. Massidda
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | | | - Byung Gee Im
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Austin Veith
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Bum-Kyu Lee
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Mijeong Kim
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Pablo Maceda
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Eun Yoon
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Lara Samarneh
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Mitchell Wong
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Andrew K. Dunn
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX
| | - Jonghwan Kim
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Aaron B. Baker
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, TX,Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX,The Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX,Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
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26
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Wei H, Zhou W, Hu G, Shi C. Induction of mesenchymal stem cell‑like transformation in rat primary glial cells using hypoxia, mild hypothermia and growth factors. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:121. [PMID: 33300053 PMCID: PMC7751450 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transformation of rat primary glial cells into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is intriguing as more seed cells can be harvested. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of growth factors, hypoxia and mild hypothermia on the transformation of primary glial cells into MSCs. Rat primary glial cells were induced to differentiate by treatment with hypoxia, mild hypothermia and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were then used to determine the expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, musashi-1, neuron specific enolase (NSE) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN), in each treatment group. bFGF and EGF increased the proportion of CD44+ and CD105+ cells, while anaerobic mild hypothermia increased the proportion of CD90+ cells. The combination of bFGF and EGF, and anaerobic mild hypothermia increased the proportion of CD29+ cells and significantly decreased the proportions of GFAP+ cells and NSE+ cells. Treatment of primary glial cells with bFGF and EGF increased the expression levels of nestin, Musashi-1, NSE and NeuN. Anaerobic mild hypothermia increased the expression levels of Musashi-1 and decreased the expression levels of NSE and NeuN in glial cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that bFGF, EGF and anaerobic mild hypothermia treatments may promote the transformation of glial cells into MSC-like cells, and that the combination of these two treatments may have the optimal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Wei
- Department of Health Care for Cadres, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wenyun Zhou
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Guozhu Hu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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27
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Morena F, Argentati C, Soccio M, Bicchi I, Luzi F, Torre L, Munari A, Emiliani C, Gigli M, Lotti N, Armentano I, Martino S. Unpatterned Bioactive Poly(Butylene 1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylate)-Based Film Fast Induced Neuronal-Like Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9274. [PMID: 33291757 PMCID: PMC7729499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present poly(butylene 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate) (PBCE) films characterized by an unpatterned microstructure and a specific hydrophobicity, capable of boosting a drastic cytoskeleton architecture remodeling, culminating with the neuronal-like differentiation of human bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). We have used two different filming procedures to prepare the films, solvent casting (PBCE) and compression-moulding (PBCE*). PBCE film had a rough and porous surface with spherulite-like aggregations (Ø = 10-20 μm) and was characterized by a water contact angle = 100°. PBCE* showed a smooth and continuous surface without voids and visible spherulite-like aggregations and was more hydrophobic (WCA = 110°). Both surface characteristics were modulated through the copolymerization of different amounts of ether-oxygen-containing co-units into PBCE chemical structure. We showed that only the surface characteristics of PBCE-solvent-casted films steered hBM-MSCs toward a neuronal-like differentiation. hBM-MSCs lost their canonical mesenchymal morphology, acquired a neuronal polarized shape with a long cell protrusion (≥150 μm), expressed neuron-specific class III β-tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 2 neuronal markers, while nestin, a marker of uncommitted stem cells, was drastically silenced. These events were observed as early as 2-days after cell seeding. Of note, the phenomenon was totally absent on PBCE* film, as hBM-MSCs maintained the mesenchymal shape and behavior and did not express neuronal/glial markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering–DICAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ilaria Bicchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Francesca Luzi
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (L.T.)
| | - Luigi Torre
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, UdR INSTM, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.L.); (L.T.)
| | - Andrea Munari
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering–DICAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Gigli
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’Foscari University of Venice, 30170 Venezia Mestre, Italy;
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering–DICAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ilaria Armentano
- Department of Economics, Engineering, Society and Business Organization (DEIM), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (F.M.); (C.A.); (I.B.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Luo L, Wang X, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Hu F, Xing Z, Wang L, Xiao J, Guastaldi F, He Y, Ye Q. Biological Behavioral Alterations of the Post-neural Differentiated Dental Pulp Stem Cells Through an in situ Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:625151. [PMID: 33344464 PMCID: PMC7744789 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.625151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of undifferentiated dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) may suffer from tumorigenesis. Neuronal differentiated DPSCs (d-DPSCs) have emerged as an ideal source to treat central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Moreover, different components of culture medium functioned on the characteristics of d-DPSCs in vitro. In this study, d-DPSCs were cultured in three types of medium: Neurobasal®®-A medium supplemented with 2% B27 (the 2% B27 NM group), Neurobasal® -A medium supplemented with 2% B27 and 5% FBS (the 2% B27 + 5% FBS NM group), and α-MEM containing 10% FBS (the 10% FBS α-MEM group). We found that d-DPSCs in the 2% B27 + 5% FBS NM group had lower proliferation and reduced expression of transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) and CD146, whereas up-regulated Nestin and microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2). Notably, d-DPSCs in the 10% FBS α-MEM group possessed high proliferative capacity, decreased expression of neuron-like markers and partially restored stemness. It was demonstrated that d-DPSCs cultured in the 2% B27 + 5% FBS NM could maintain their neuron-like characteristics. Besides, d-DPSCs cultivated in the 10% FBS α-MEM could partially recover their stem cells properties, indicating that neural differentiation of DPSCs was reversible and could open novel avenues for exploring the pluripotency of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fengting Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Xing
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fernando Guastaldi
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yan He
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.,Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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29
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Perczel-Kovách K, Hegedűs O, Földes A, Sangngoen T, Kálló K, Steward MC, Varga G, Nagy KS. STRO-1 positive cell expansion during osteogenic differentiation: A comparative study of three mesenchymal stem cell types of dental origin. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:104995. [PMID: 33278647 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the osteogenic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells of dental origin is well established, the roles of different marker proteins in this process remain to be clarified. Our aim was to compare the cellular and molecular changes, focusing in particular on mesenchymal stem cell markers, during in vitro osteogenesis in three dental stem cell types: dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). DESIGN Human DFSCs, PDLSCs and DPSCs were isolated, cultured and their osteogenic differentiation was induced for 3 weeks. Mineralization was assessed by von Kossa staining and calcium concentration measurements. The expression of mesenchymal and osteogenic markers was studied by immunocytochemistry and qPCR techniques. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the frequency of STRO-1 positive cells were also quantified. RESULTS The three cultures all showed abundant mineralization, with high calcium content by day 21. The expression of vimentin and nestin was sustained after osteogenic induction. The osteogenic medium induced a considerable elevation of STRO-1 positive cells. By day 7, the ALP mRNA level had increased more than 100-fold in DFSCs, PDLSCs, and DPSCs. Quantitative PCR results indicated dissimilarities of osteoblastic marker levels in the three dental stem cell cultures. CONCLUSIONS DFSCs, PDLSCs and DPSCs have similar functional osteogenic differentiation capacities although their expressional profiles of key osteogenic markers show considerable variations. The STRO-1 positive cell fraction expands during osteogenic differentiation while vimentin and nestin expression remain high. For identification of stemness, functional studies rather than marker expressions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Perczel-Kovách
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Square 4. H-1089 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Orsolya Hegedűs
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Square 4. H-1089 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Anna Földes
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Square 4. H-1089 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Thanyaporn Sangngoen
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Square 4. H-1089 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Karola Kálló
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Square 4. H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martin C Steward
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Square 4. H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Square 4. H-1089 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Krisztina S Nagy
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Square 4. H-1089 Budapest, Hungary.
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30
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Niibe K, Ohori-Morita Y, Zhang M, Mabuchi Y, Matsuzaki Y, Egusa H. A Shaking-Culture Method for Generating Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell-Spheroids With Enhanced Multipotency in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:590332. [PMID: 33195156 PMCID: PMC7641632 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.590332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), which generally expand into adherent monolayers, readily lose their proliferative and multilineage potential following repeated passages. Floating culture systems can be used to generate MSC spheroids, which are expected to overcome limitations associated with conventional adherent cultures while facilitating scaffold-free cell transplantation. However, the phenotypic characteristics of spheroids after long-term culture are unknown. In addition, regenerative therapies require new culture systems to maintain their undifferentiated state. In this study, we established a novel culture method employing three-dimensional (3D) “shaking” to generate MSC spheroids using bone marrow derived MSCs. Floating 3D cultures of mouse or human MSCs formed spheroids after shaking (85–95 rpm), within 1 month. These spheroids maintained their osteogenic-, adipogenic-, and chondrogenic-differentiation capacity. The adipogenic-differentiation capacity of adherent cultured mouse and human MSCs, which is lost following several passages, was remarkedly restored by shaking-culture. Notably, human MSC spheroids exhibited a renewable “undifferentiated MSC-pool” property, wherein undifferentiated MSCs grew from spheroids seeded repeatedly on a plastic culture dish. These data suggest that the shaking-culture method maintains and restores multipotency that is lost following monolayer expansion and thereby shows potential as a promising strategy for regenerative therapies with mesenchymal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunimichi Niibe
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yumi Ohori-Morita
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Maolin Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuzaki
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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31
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Babaie A, Bakhshandeh B, Abedi A, Mohammadnejad J, Shabani I, Ardeshirylajimi A, Reza Moosavi S, Amini J, Tayebi L. Synergistic effects of conductive PVA/PEDOT electrospun scaffolds and electrical stimulation for more effective neural tissue engineering. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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32
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Pournajaf S, Valian N, Mohaghegh Shalmani L, Khodabakhsh P, Jorjani M, Dargahi L. Fingolimod increases oligodendrocytes markers expression in epidermal neural crest stem cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173502. [PMID: 32860811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI-NCSCs) are propitious candidates for cell replacement therapy and supplying neurotrophic factors in the neurological disorders. Considering the potential remyelinating and regenerative effects of fingolimod, in this study, we evaluated its effects on EPI-NCSCs viability and the expression of neurotrophic and oligodendrocyte differentiation factors. EPI-NCSCs, extracted from the bulge of rat hair follicles, were characterized and treated with fingolimod (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 1000, and 5000 nM). The cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay at 6, 24 and 72 h. The expression of neurotrophic and differentiation factors in the cells treated with 100 and 400 nM fingolimod were measured at 24 and 120 h. Fingolimod at 50-600 nM increased the cells viability after 6 h, with no change at the higher concentrations. The highest concentration (5000nM) induced toxicity at 24 and 72 h. NGF and GDNF genes expression were decreased at 120 h, but on the contrary, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin 3 (NT3) were increased by both concentrations at both time points. Oligodendrocyte markers including platelet-derived growth factor receptor A (PDGFRα), neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) were elevated at 120 h, which was accompanied with reduce in stemness markers (Nestin and early growth response 1 (EGR1)). Fingolimod increased the expression of neurotrophic factors in EPI-NCSCs, and guided them to oligodendrocyte fate. Therefore, fingolimod in combination with EPI-NCSCs, can be considered as a promising approach for demyelinating neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safura Pournajaf
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Valian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Mohaghegh Shalmani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pariya Khodabakhsh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Jorjani
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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33
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Bernardini C, La Mantia D, Nesci S, Salaroli R, Algieri C, Pagliarani A, Zannoni A, Forni M. Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide Donor NaHS on Porcine Vascular Wall-Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5267. [PMID: 32722269 PMCID: PMC7432345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now considered not only for its toxicity, but also as an endogenously produced gas transmitter with multiple physiological roles, also in maintaining and regulating stem cell physiology. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of a common H2S donor, NaHS, on porcine vascular wall-mesenchymal stem cells (pVW-MSCs). pVW-MSCs were treated for 24 h with increasing doses of NaHS, and the cell viability, cell cycle, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were evaluated. Moreover, the long-term effects of NaHS administration on the noteworthy characteristics of pVW-MSCs were analyzed. The MTT test revealed no alteration in cell viability, however, the cell cycle analysis demonstrated that the highest NaHS dose tested (300 μM) determined a block in S phase, which did not depend on the ROS production. Moreover, NaHS (10 μM), continuously administered in culture for 21 days, was able to significantly reduce NG2, Nestin and PDGFR-β expression. The pro-angiogenic attitude of pVW-MSCs was partially reduced by NaHS: the cells maintained the ability to grow in spheroid and sprouting from that, but endothelial markers (Factor VIII and CD31) were reduced. In conclusion, NaHS can be toxic for pVW-MSCs in high doses, while in low doses, it influences cellular physiology, by affecting the gene expression with a slowing down of the endothelial lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Debora La Mantia
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Cristina Algieri
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Alessandra Pagliarani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies—Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy; (C.B.); (D.L.M.); (S.N.); (R.S.); (C.A.); (A.P.); (M.F.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies—Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy
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Thamm K, Möbus K, Towers R, Segeletz S, Wetzel R, Bornhäuser M, Zhang Y, Wobus M. A Novel Synthetic, Xeno‐Free Biomimetic Surface for Serum‐Free Expansion of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e2000008. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin Möbus
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik 1 Fetscherstraße 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Russell Towers
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik 1 Fetscherstraße 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | | | | | - Martin Bornhäuser
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik 1 Fetscherstraße 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Technische Universität Dresden Tatzberg 41 Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Manja Wobus
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik 1 Fetscherstraße 74 Dresden 01307 Germany
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35
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Chen S, Du K, Zou C. Current progress in stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:275. [PMID: 32641151 PMCID: PMC7346484 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is the most common chronic autoimmune disease in young patients and is characterized by the loss of pancreatic β cells; as a result, the body becomes insulin deficient and hyperglycemic. Administration or injection of exogenous insulin cannot mimic the endogenous insulin secreted by a healthy pancreas. Pancreas and islet transplantation have emerged as promising treatments for reconstructing the normal regulation of blood glucose in T1DM patients. However, a critical shortage of pancreases and islets derived from human organ donors, complications associated with transplantations, high cost, and limited procedural availability remain bottlenecks in the widespread application of these strategies. Attempts have been directed to accommodate the increasing population of patients with T1DM. Stem cell therapy holds great potential for curing patients with T1DM. With the advent of research on stem cell therapy for various diseases, breakthroughs in stem cell-based therapy for T1DM have been reported. However, many unsolved issues need to be addressed before stem cell therapy will be clinically feasible for diabetic patients. In this review, we discuss the current research advances in strategies to obtain insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from different precursor cells and in stem cell-based therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Kechen Du
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunlin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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36
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Comparison of skeletal and soft tissue pericytes identifies CXCR4 + bone forming mural cells in human tissues. Bone Res 2020; 8:22. [PMID: 32509378 PMCID: PMC7244476 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-0097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human osteogenic progenitors are not precisely defined, being primarily studied as heterogeneous multipotent cell populations and termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Notably, select human pericytes can develop into bone-forming osteoblasts. Here, we sought to define the differentiation potential of CD146+ human pericytes from skeletal and soft tissue sources, with the underlying goal of defining cell surface markers that typify an osteoblastogenic pericyte. CD146+CD31-CD45- pericytes were derived by fluorescence-activated cell sorting from human periosteum, adipose, or dermal tissue. Periosteal CD146+CD31-CD45- cells retained canonical features of pericytes/MSC. Periosteal pericytes demonstrated a striking tendency to undergo osteoblastogenesis in vitro and skeletogenesis in vivo, while soft tissue pericytes did not readily. Transcriptome analysis revealed higher CXCR4 signaling among periosteal pericytes in comparison to their soft tissue counterparts, and CXCR4 chemical inhibition abrogated ectopic ossification by periosteal pericytes. Conversely, enrichment of CXCR4+ pericytes or stromal cells identified an osteoblastic/non-adipocytic precursor cell. In sum, human skeletal and soft tissue pericytes differ in their basal abilities to form bone. Diversity exists in soft tissue pericytes, however, and CXCR4+ pericytes represent an osteoblastogenic, non-adipocytic cell precursor. Indeed, enrichment for CXCR4-expressing stromal cells is a potential new tactic for skeletal tissue engineering.
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Sun JL, Yan JF, Li J, Wang WR, Yu SB, Zhang HY, Huang F, Niu LN, Jiao K. Conditional deletion of Adrb2 in mesenchymal stem cells attenuates osteoarthritis-like defects in temporomandibular joint. Bone 2020; 133:115229. [PMID: 31926929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
β2-adrenergic signal transduction in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) induces subchondral bone loss in osteoarthritis (OA) of temporomandibular joints (TMJs). However, whether conditional deletion of β2-adrenergic receptor (Adrb2) in nestin+ MSCs can alleviate TMJ-OA development remains unknown. In this study, nestin-Cre mice were crossed with Adrb2 flox mice to generate mice lacking Adrb2 expression specifically in the nestin+ MSCs (Adrb2-/-), and TMJ-OA development in such mice was investigated. Adrb2 flox mice (Adrb2+/+) and Adrb2-/- mice were subjected to unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC), while mice in the control group were subjected to sham operation. Adrb2+/+ and Adrb2-/- mice in the control group showed no distinguishable phenotypic changes in body weight and length, mandibular condylar size, and other histomorphological parameters of the condylar subchondral bone. A significant increase in subchondral bone loss and cartilage degradation was observed in Adrb2+/+ UAC mice; the former was characterized by decreased bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, and trabecular plate thickness, and increased trabecular separation, osteoclast number and osteoclast surface, and pro-osteoclastic factor expression; the latter was characterized by decreased cartilage thickness, chondrocyte density, proteoglycan area, and collagen II and aggrecan expression, but increased matrix metalloproteinase and alkaline phosphatase expression and percentage area of calcified cartilage. Adrb2 deletion in nestin+ MSCs largely attenuated UAC-induced increase in condylar subchondral bone loss, cartilage degradation, and aberrant calcification at the osteochondral interface. Thus, Adrb2-expressing MSCs in the condylar subchondral bone play an important role in TMJ-OA progression and may serve as novel therapeutic targets for TMJ-OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Long Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.; Department of Stomatology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jian-Fei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wan-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shi-Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hong-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China..
| | - Kai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China..
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Glutamine Metabolism Is Essential for Stemness of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bone Homeostasis. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8928934. [PMID: 31611919 PMCID: PMC6757285 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8928934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeleton has emerged as an endocrine organ which is both capable of regulating energy metabolism and being a target for it. Glutamine is the most bountiful and flexible amino acid in the body which provides adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) demands for cells. Emerging evidences support that glutamine which acts as the second metabolic regulator after glucose exerts crucial roles in bone homeostasis at cellular level, including the lineage allocation and proliferation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), the matrix mineralization of osteoblasts, and the biosynthesis in chondrocytes. The integrated mechanism consisting of WNT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathway in a glutamine-dependent pattern is responsible to regulate the complex intrinsic biological process, despite more extensive molecules are deserved to be elucidated in glutamine metabolism further. Indeed, dysfunctional glutamine metabolism enhances the development of degenerative bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, and glutamine or glutamine progenitor supplementation can partially restore bone defects which may promote treatment of bone diseases, although the mechanisms are not quite clear. In this review, we will summarize and update the latest research findings and clinical trials on the crucial regulatory roles of glutamine metabolism in BMSCs and BMSC-derived bone cells, also followed with the osteoclasts which are important in bone resorption.
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39
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Sun T, Ju M, Dai X, Dong H, Gu W, Gao Y, Fu R, Liu X, Huang Y, Liu W, Ch Y, Wang W, Li H, Zhou Y, Shi L, Yang R, Zhang L. Multilevel defects in the hematopoietic niche in essential thrombocythemia. Haematologica 2019; 105:661-673. [PMID: 31289202 PMCID: PMC7049349 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.213686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the bone marrow niche in essential thrombocythemia (ET) remains unclear. Here, we observed multilevel defects in the hematopoietic niche of patients with JAK2V617F-positive ET, including functional deficiency in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), immune imbalance, and sympathetic-nerve damage. Mesenchymal stromal cells from patients with JAK2V617F-positive essential thrombocythemia had a transformed transcriptome. In parallel, they showed enhanced proliferation, decreased apoptosis and senescence, attenuated ability to differentiate into adipocytes and osteocytes, and insufficient support for normal hematopoiesis. Additionally, they were inefficient in suppressing immune responses. For instance, they poorly inhibited proliferation and activation of CD4-positive T cells and the secretion of the inflammatory factor soluble CD40-ligand. They also poorly induced formation of mostly immunosuppressive T-helper 2 cells (Th2) and the secretion of the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-4 (IL-4). Furthermore, we identified WDR4 as a potent protein with low expression and which was correlated with increased proliferation, reduced senescence and differentiation, and insufficient support for normal hematopoiesis in MSC from patients with JAK2V617F-positive ET. We also observed that loss of WDR4 in MSC cells downregulated the interleukin-6 (IL-6) level through the ERK–GSK3β–CREB signaling based on our in vitro studies. Altogether, our results show that multilevel changes occur in the bone marrow niche of patients with JAK2V617F-positive ET, and low expression of WDR4 in MSC may be critical for inducing hematopoietic related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin
| | - Mankai Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin
| | - Xinyue Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Huan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Wenjing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Yuchen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Rongfeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases
| | - Yueting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases
| | - Ying Ch
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases
| | - Wentian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases
| | - Huiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology .,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine.,PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Renchi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology .,National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases.,CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology .,National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases.,Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin.,Tianjin Laboratory of Blood Disease Gene Therapy.,CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases.,CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine.,PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin, China
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40
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Zhang J, Mao R, Wang X, Liu K, Geng Q, Yu Y, Li Y, Qi J. Targeted induction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to have effectiveness on diabetic pancreatic restoration. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:453-461. [PMID: 31140102 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00364-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to be effective for the attenuation of diabetes, they have limitations. Whether BMSCs can be target-induced by pancreatic stem cells (PSCs) to have effectiveness for the restoration of diabetic islet injury was unknown. In this study, based on their successful isolation and cultivation, BMSCs were co-cultured with PSCs. The pancreatic stem cells markers, Nestin and Neurogenin3 in co-cultured BMSCs were detected to evaluate the target-induction effects. After the diabetic rats were intravenously injected with the target-induced BMSCs, general indicators and islet morphology were detected. The islet insulin generation, and serum insulin and C-peptide contents were measured. It was found that after co-culture, the mRNA expressions, protein contents and distributions of Nestin and Neurogenin3, were dramatically high in BMSCs, indicating that they were successfully target-induced to pancreatic stem-like cells. Furthermore, the target-induced BMSCs had beneficial effects on serum glycated albumin levels and glycogen contents as well as islet morphology of the diabetic rats. Besides elevation of islet insulin generation, the target-induced BMSCs had significant effect on serum insulin and C-peptide contents. In conclusion, BMSCs could be target-induced by PSCs to have effectiveness on the pancreatic restoration of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Mao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Geng
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijin Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanning Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinsheng Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Lu D, Liao Y, Zhu SH, Chen QC, Xie DM, Liao JJ, Feng X, Jiang MH, He W. Bone-derived Nestin-positive mesenchymal stem cells improve cardiac function via recruiting cardiac endothelial cells after myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:127. [PMID: 31029167 PMCID: PMC6487029 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has been reported to be effective for the treatment of ischemic heart disease, but whether BMSCs are the optimal cell type remains under debate. Increasing numbers of studies have shown that Nestin, an intermediate filament protein, is a potential marker for MSCs, which raises the question of whether Nestin+ cells in BMSCs may play a more crucial role in myocardial repair. METHODS Nestin+ cells were isolated using flow cytometry by gating for CD45- Ter119- CD31- cells from the compact bone of Nestin-GFP transgenic mice, expressing GFP driven by the Nestin promoter. Colony-forming and proliferative curve assays were conducted to determine the proliferative capacity of these cells, while qRT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA levels of relative chemokines and growth factors. Cardiac endothelial cell (CEC) recruitment was assessed via a transwell assay. Moreover, permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was performed to establish an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mouse model. After cell transplantation, conventional echocardiography was conducted 1 and 4 weeks post-MI, and hearts were harvested for hematoxylin-and-eosin (HE) staining and immunofluorescence staining 1 week post-MI. Further evaluation of paracrine factor levels and administration of a neutralizing antibody (TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and CXCL12) or a CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100) in MI hearts were performed to elucidate the mechanism involved in the chemotactic effect of Nestin+ BMSCs in vivo. RESULTS Compared with Nestin- BMSCs, a greater proliferative capacity of Nestin+ BMSCs was observed, which further exhibited moderately high expression of chemokines instead of growth factors. More CEC recruitment in the Nestin+ BMSC-cocultured group was observed in vitro, while this effect was obviously abolished after treatment with neutralizing antibodies against TIMP-1, TIMP-2, or CXCL12, and more importantly, blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis with a AMD3100 significantly reduced the chemotactic effect of Nestin+ BMSCs. After transplantation into mice exposed to myocardial infarction (MI), Nestin+ BMSC-treated mice showed significantly improved survival and left ventricular function compared with Nestin- BMSC-treated mice. Moreover, endogenous CECs were markedly increased, and chemokine levels were significantly higher, in the infarcted border zone with Nestin+ BMSC treatment. Meanwhile, neutralization of each TIMP-1, TIMP-2, or CXCL12 in vivo could reduce the left ventricular function at 1 and 4 weeks post-MI; importantly, the combined use of these three neutralizing antibodies could make a higher significance on cardiac function. Finally, blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis with AMD3100 significantly reduced the left ventricular function and greatly inhibited Nestin+ BMSC-induced CEC chemotaxis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Nestin+ BMSC transplantation can improve cardiac function in an AMI model by recruiting resident CECs to the infarcted border region via the CXCL12/CXCR4 chemokine pathway. And we demonstrated that Nestin+BMSC-secreted TIMP-1/2 enhances CXCL12(SDF1α)/CXCR4 axis-driven migration of endogenous Sca-1+ endothelial cells in ischemic heart post-AMI. Taken together, our results show that Nestin is a useful marker for the identification of functional BMSCs and indicate that Nestin+ BMSCs could be a better therapeutic candidate for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liao
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Hua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Chao Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Xie
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Hua Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen He
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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Wang W, Han ZC. Heterogeneity of Human Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1123:165-177. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-11096-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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43
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Chen R, Miao Y, Hu Z. Dynamic Nestin expression during hair follicle maturation and the normal hair cycle. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:549-554. [PMID: 30483790 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nestin, a type-VI intermediate filament protein, serves as a marker for neural stem cells, and is also known to be expressed in follicle stem cells. Hair follicles go through repeated cycles of anagen (growth), catagen (regression) and telogen (quiescence) throughout the life of mammals following morphogenesis. In the present study it was demonstrated that in mice, the maturation of hair follicles includes the period between morphogenesis and the first anagen (4 weeks of age). Skin samples from Nestin‑green fluorescent protein (GFP)+ mice at different hair follicle stages were collected, and immunostaining for Nestin and Ki67 was performed. It was identified that during morphogenesis, Nestin‑GFP expression was rarely detected and it gradually increased during maturation (0‑4 weeks) in hair follicle dermal cells. In mature hair follicle dermal cells, Nestin and the proliferation marker Ki67 were highly expressed in anagen, while during telogen, they were markedly decreased. Additionally, lineage tracing data demonstrated that peri‑follicular Nestin+ cells during morphogenesis differentiated into cluster of differentiation 31+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruosi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yong Miao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqi Hu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Cell-specific proteome analyses of human bone marrow reveal molecular features of age-dependent functional decline. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4004. [PMID: 30275468 PMCID: PMC6167374 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diminishing potential to replace damaged tissues is a hallmark for ageing of somatic stem cells, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we present proteome-wide atlases of age-associated alterations in human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs) and five other cell populations that constitute the bone marrow niche. For each, the abundance of a large fraction of the ~12,000 proteins identified is assessed in 59 human subjects from different ages. As the HPCs become older, pathways in central carbon metabolism exhibit features reminiscent of the Warburg effect, where glycolytic intermediates are rerouted towards anabolism. Simultaneously, altered abundance of early regulators of HPC differentiation reveals a reduced functionality and a bias towards myeloid differentiation. Ageing causes alterations in the bone marrow niche too, and diminishes the functionality of the pathways involved in HPC homing. The data represent a valuable resource for further analyses, and for validation of knowledge gained from animal models. Ageing causes an inability to replace damaged tissue. Here, the authors perform proteomics analyses of human haematopoietic stem cells and other cells in the bone marrow niche at different ages and show changes in central carbon metabolism, reduced bone marrow niche function, and enhanced myeloid differentiation.
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Sano Y, Sugiuchi A, Mitomo K, Yanagisawa A, Kambe R, Furusawa M, Muramatsu T. Changes of CD90 expression and immunoreactive cell localisation in rat dental pulp after cavity preparation. AUST ENDOD J 2018; 45:189-195. [PMID: 30242795 PMCID: PMC7328718 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
CD90 expression and immunoreactive cell localisation in rat dental pulp cells after cavity preparation was investigated. Cavity preparation was performed on the maxillary first molar of 8-week-old Wistar rats (n = 36), and immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR were performed. CD90-immunoreactivity was observed among subodontoblastic cells in the control group. One day after cavity preparation, the CD90-immunoreactivity disappeared under the cavity area. While CD90-immunoreactivity was faint after 3 days, the re-arrangement of odontoblasts was detected in contact with dentine. After 5 days, the odontoblasts were observed beneath the dentine, and CD90-immunoreactive cells were localised under the odontoblast layer. Immunofluorescence showed co-localisation of CD90 and nestin was detected after 3 days. After 5 days, CD90-immunoreactivity increased at the subodontoblastic layer. mRNA expression of CD90 and DSPP decreased after cavity preparation, and gradually recovered (P < 0.01). These results suggest that CD90-immunoreactive cells in the subodontoblastic layer contribute to regeneration of odontoblast and subodontoblastic layers following cavity preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Sano
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akina Sugiuchi
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Mitomo
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Cariology and Pulp Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Yanagisawa
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Kambe
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Furusawa
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Muramatsu
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Cariology and Pulp Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Ke X, Do DC, Li C, Zhao Y, Kollarik M, Fu Q, Wan M, Gao P. Ras homolog family member A/Rho-associated protein kinase 1 signaling modulates lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells in asthmatic patients through lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:1560-1574.e6. [PMID: 30194990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numbers of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increased in the airways after allergen challenge. Ras homolog family member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK) signaling is critical in determining the lineage fate of MSCs in tissue repair/remodeling. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate the role of RhoA/ROCK signaling in lineage commitment of MSCs during allergen-induced airway remodeling and delineate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Active RhoA expression in lung tissues of asthmatic patients and its role in cockroach allergen-induced airway inflammation and remodeling were investigated. RhoA/ROCK signaling-mediated MSC lineage commitment was assessed in an asthma mouse model by using MSC lineage tracing mice (nestin-Cre; ROSA26-EYFP). The role of RhoA/ROCK in MSC lineage commitment was also examined by using MSCs expressing constitutively active RhoA (RhoA-L63) or dominant negative RhoA (RhoA-N19). Downstream RhoA-regulated genes were identified by using the Stem Cell Signaling Array. RESULTS Lung tissues from asthmatic mice showed increased expression of active RhoA when compared with those from control mice. Inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling with fasudil, a RhoA/ROCK inhibitor, reversed established cockroach allergen-induced airway inflammation and remodeling, as assessed based on greater collagen deposition/fibrosis. Furthermore, fasudil inhibited MSC differentiation into fibroblasts/myofibroblasts but promoted MSC differentiation into epithelial cells in asthmatic nestin-Cre; ROSA26-EYFP mice. Consistently, expression of RhoA-L63 facilitated differentiation of MSCs into fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, whereas expression of RhoA-19 switched the differentiation toward epithelial cells. The gene array identified the Wnt signaling effector lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (Lef1) as the most upregulated gene in RhoA-L63-transfected MSCs. Knockdown of Lef1 induced MSC differentiation away from fibroblasts/myofibroblasts but toward epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings uncover a previously unrecognized role of RhoA/ROCK signaling in MSC-involved airway repair/remodeling in the setting of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ke
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Danh C Do
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Changjun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Marian Kollarik
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Qingling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
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Hayes AJ, Smith SM, Caterson B, Melrose J. Concise Review: Stem/Progenitor Cell Proteoglycans Decorated with 7-D-4, 4-C-3, and 3-B-3(-) Chondroitin Sulfate Motifs Are Morphogenetic Markers of Tissue Development. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1475-1486. [PMID: 29893019 PMCID: PMC6381390 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study reviewed the occurrence of chondroitin sulfate (CS) motifs 4-C-3, 7-D-4, and 3-B-3(-), which are expressed by progenitor cells in tissues undergoing morphogenesis. These motifs have a transient early expression pattern during tissue development and also appear in mature tissues during pathological remodeling and attempted repair processes by activated adult stem cells. The CS motifs are information and recognition modules, which may regulate cellular behavior and delineate stem cell niches in developmental tissues. One of the difficulties in determining the precise role of stem cells in tissue development and repair processes is their short engraftment period and the lack of specific markers, which differentiate the activated stem cell lineages from the resident cells. The CS sulfation motifs 7-D-4, 4-C-3, and 3-B-3 (-) decorate cell surface proteoglycans on activated stem/progenitor cells and appear to identify these cells in transitional areas of tissue development and in tissue repair and may be applicable to determining a more precise role for stem cells in tissue morphogenesis. Stem Cells 2018;36:1475-1486.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Hayes
- Bioimaging Research Hub, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M Smith
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce Caterson
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Kwon HK, Jeong H, Hwang D, Park ZY. Comparative proteomic analysis of mouse models of pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy, with selection of biomarkers of pathological hypertrophy by integrative Proteogenomics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1866:S1570-9639(18)30118-3. [PMID: 30048702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To determine fundamental characteristics of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, protein expression profiles in two widely accepted models of cardiac hypertrophy (swimming-trained mouse for physiological hypertrophy and pressure-overload-induced mouse for pathological hypertrophy) were compared using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach. Among 3955 proteins (19,235 peptides, false-discovery rate < 0.01) identified in these models, 486 were differentially expressed with a log2 fold difference ≥ 0.58, or were detected in only one hypertrophy model (each protein from 4 technical replicates, p < .05). Analysis of gene ontology biological processes and KEGG pathways identified cellular processes enriched in one or both hypertrophy models. Processes unique to pathological hypertrophy were compared with processes previously identified in cardiac-hypertrophy models. Individual proteins with differential expression in processes unique to pathological hypertrophy were further confirmed using the results of previous targeted functional analysis studies. Using a proteogenomic approach combining transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, similar patterns of differential expression were observed for 23 proteins and corresponding genes associated with pathological hypertrophy. A total of 11 proteins were selected as early-stage pathological-hypertrophy biomarker candidates, and the results of western blotting for five of these proteins in independent samples confirmed the patterns of differential expression in mouse models of pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyeong Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobin Jeong
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Zee-Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Immunomodulation: Properties and Clinical Application. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:3057624. [PMID: 30013600 PMCID: PMC6022321 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3057624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells characterized by self-renewal, production of clonal cell populations, and multilineage differentiation. They exist in nearly all tissues and play a significant role in tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, MSCs possess wide immunoregulatory properties via interaction with immune cells in both innate and adaptive immune systems, leading to immunosuppression of various effector functions. Numerous bioactive molecules secreted by MSCs, particularly cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines, exert autocrine/paracrine effects that modulate the physiological processes of MSCs. These invaluable virtues of MSCs provide new insight into potential treatments for tissue damage and inflammation. In particular, their extensive immunosuppressive properties are being explored for promising therapeutic application in immune disorders. Recently, clinical trials for MSC-mediated therapies have rapidly developed for immune-related diseases following reports from preclinical studies declaring their therapeutic safety and efficacy. Though immunotherapy of MSCs remains controversial, these clinical trials pave the way for their widespread therapeutic application in immune-based diseases. In this review, we will summarize and update the latest research findings and clinical trials on MSC-based immunomodulation.
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Kazantseva J, Hussainova I, Ivanov R, Neuman T, Gasik M. Hybrid graphene-ceramic nanofibre network for spontaneous neural differentiation of stem cells. Interface Focus 2018; 8:20170037. [PMID: 29696085 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2017.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A challenge in regenerative medicine is governed by the need to have control over the fate of stem cells that is regulated by the physical and chemical microenvironment in vitro and in vivo. The differentiation of the stem cells into specific lineages is commonly guided by use of specific culture media. For the first time, we demonstrate that human mesenchymal stem cells are capable of turning spontaneously towards neurogenic lineage when seeded on graphene-augmented, highly anisotropic ceramic nanofibres without special differentiation media, contrary to commonly thought requirement of 'soft' substrates for the same purpose. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory gene expression is simultaneously suppressed, and expression of factors promoting focal adhesion and monocytes taxis is upregulated. This opens new possibilities of using local topo-mechanical cues of the 'graphenized' scaffold surfaces to guide stem cell proliferation and differentiation, which can be used in studies of neurological diseases and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Hussainova
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia.,ITMO University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Roman Ivanov
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Toomas Neuman
- CellIn Technologies LLC, Tallinn, Estonia.,Protobios LLC, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Michael Gasik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University Foundation, Espoo, Finland
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