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Sangkachai N, Wiratsudakul A, Randolph DG, Whittaker M, George A, Nielsen MR, Hogarth N, Pfeiffer DU, Smith-Hall C, Nameer P, Hassan L, Talukdar G, Lee TM, Mathur VB, Rwego IB, Compton J, Mispiratceguy M, Shi J, Fine AE, Animon I, de Carvalho KR, Taber A, Newman S, Thongdee M, Sariya L, Tangsudjai S, Korkijthamkul W, Sakcamduang W, Suwanpakdee S. Advancing green recovery: Integrating one health in sustainable wildlife management in the Asia-Pacific Indigenous People and Local Communities. One Health 2025; 20:100969. [PMID: 39898313 PMCID: PMC11782897 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2024] [Revised: 11/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Wildlife (in this paper: wild animals) deliver a crucial range of ecosystem services on human health and livelihood, particularly in Indigenous People and Local Communities (IPLCs). 'One Health' extends beyond just health; it also includes a comprehensive framework that can address wildlife and biodiversity conservation to enhance the well-being of humans, animals, and the environment with multisectoral collaboration. Therefore, integrating One Health principles into wildlife management was suggested in this review to improve the quality of life by reducing poverty, improving food security, and preventing zoonotic diseases in IPLCs. The relationship between wildlife interactions and the emergence of pathogens that can be transmitted between wild animals, domestic and production animals, and humans underscores the need to incorporate a One Health approach to mitigate risk. This integration will also contribute to conserving wild animals and their habitats and biodiversity for ecosystem balance. This review highlights the importance of One Health in supporting sustainable wildlife management to achieve a green recovery through policies and actions based on global and national regulatory frameworks, development of local policies with community engagement, risk assessment and communication, sustainable wildlife use practices, and conducting research and innovation. Monitoring and analyzing data on supply chains and economic values can serve as a decision-support tool for sustainability wildlife management. A theory of change for sustainable wildlife management and enhancing human well-being is proposed using the One Health approach. All these activities must respect local cultures and traditions, ensuring that One Health and community-based approaches effectively benefit local communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Acty George
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
| | - Martin R. Nielsen
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Dirk U. Pfeiffer
- Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carsten Smith-Hall
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P.O. Nameer
- College of Climate Change and Environmental Science, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, India
| | - Latiffah Hassan
- Department of Public Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | | | - Tien Ming Lee
- School of Life Sciences and School of Ecology, State Key Lab of Biological Control, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | | | - Innocent B. Rwego
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | - Jianbin Shi
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, China
| | | | - Illias Animon
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
| | | | - Andrew Taber
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
| | - Scott Newman
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
| | | | - Ladawan Sariya
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Thailand
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Merkenschlager C, Bangelesa F, Paeth H, Hertig E. Evolution of the recent habitat suitability area of Aedes albopictus in the extended Mediterranean area due to land-use and climate change. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2025; 974:179202. [PMID: 40147239 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2025] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is one of the world's most invasive species and is responsible for the transmission of several vector-borne diseases, including chikungunya, dengue, and Zika. Aedes albopictus has been established in southern Europe since the 1990s and has been spreading to other regions in recent years. The present study examines changes in the habitat suitability of Aedes albopictus over the period 2000-2020 using a multi-model ensemble (MME) of maximum entropy (MaxEnt) models. An initial set of 38 climatic and 14 land-use predictors was considered for model setup. The model was built using Aedes albopictus distribution data for 2020. We included 19 bioclimatic variables, absolute humidity, and 18 extreme climate variables which are tailored to species specific thresholds based on expert knowledge. By means of statistical methods, predictor selection was performed. To assign changes to climate or land-use, we ran all habitat suitability models on varying climate with constant and varying land-use. Differences between both approaches indicate causes of change. Land-use changes are an important factor until 2015, contributing at least as much as climate change to changes in the habitat suitability area of Aedes albopictus (HSA). In the following years, changes in the HSA are mainly shaped by climate change. In 2020, the MME shows an average 4.5 % increase in HSA compared to 2000, with decreasing habitat suitability in the south and increasing suitability in the north. Land use change accounts for 16-51 % of HSA change, but only 3.3 % of land use change is spatially consistent across the MME. In contrast, changes in the HSA due to climate change has a spatial consistency of 54.2 % across the MME. The overall increase in HSA between 2000 and 2020 also increases the risk of vector-borne disease infections, but land-use changes can counteract some of the climate-induced changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Merkenschlager
- Regional Climate Change and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstr. 2, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Freddy Bangelesa
- Institute of Geography and Geology, Universtiy of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Paeth
- Institute of Geography and Geology, Universtiy of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Elke Hertig
- Regional Climate Change and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstr. 2, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
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3
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Alqahtani MSM, Shahin G, Abdelalim ITI, Khalaf SMH. Evaluation of ecological consequences on the global distribution of Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach 1884 due to climate change, using Maxent modeling. Sci Rep 2025; 15:11457. [PMID: 40180993 PMCID: PMC11968831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-87534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a primary cause of many infections in humans, and its rising prevalence and drug resistance are serious public health concerns. While there is evidence that climate change can influence the distribution and abundance of microbial species, the precise effects on S. aureus are not well characterized. The purpose of this study is to predict the potential influence of climate change on the global distribution of Staphylococcus aureus in 2050 and 2070 using GIS and Maxent modeling. S. aureus occurrence data was acquired from global databases and coupled with bioclimatic variables to simulate current and future habitat suitability under several climate change scenarios (RCP 2.6 and 8.5). The Maxent modeling approach was used to forecast geographical patterns of S. aureus distribution, providing insights into locations that may see increased prevalence of this essential species as a result of climate change. The study's findings can be used to inform public health measures and focused surveillance activities aimed at reducing the burden of Staphylococcus aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monerah S M Alqahtani
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasser Shahin
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA University), 6th October City, 12566, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim T I Abdelalim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA University), 6th October City, 12566, Egypt
| | - Sameh M H Khalaf
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA University), 6th October City, 12566, Egypt.
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4
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Santos EG, Herter JV, Wiederhecker HC, de Oliveira Fernandes T, Ferreira SCN, Honorato SM, Paludo GR, Marini MÂ. Health Stress in Birds Increase with Urbanization in a Large Tropical City. ECOHEALTH 2025:10.1007/s10393-025-01708-y. [PMID: 40146385 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-025-01708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2025] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025]
Abstract
Understanding how the urbanization process affects the lives of animals that live in these environments is relevant to conservation and management. In fact, the urbanization process has a direct impact on animals and can influence their health state. Thus, our objective was to investigate the immunological response of birds to the urbanization process. We recorded the H/L ratio of 723 birds of 10 species captured in Brasília (a large city in central Brazil), as a measure of chronic stress in birds. The H/L ratio was positively associated with the intensity of urbanization and negatively associated with body condition. However, body condition was not associated with intensity of urbanization. We confirmed our hypothesis that birds living in areas with greater urban intensity are more stressed. In addition, we demonstrated that the H/L ratio is negatively associated with body condition, and that this variable should be considered in studies that aim to assess the health of animals. These findings are relevant because they confirm that the urbanization process, along with all its environmental changes (increased artificial light, increased noise, suppression of vegetation, increased built-up areas, etc.), has a negative direct impact on wild populations, which have to deal with major urban changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Guimarães Santos
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Brasília, DF, 70919-970, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Thais de Oliveira Fernandes
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Brasília, FAV/UnB, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Carolliny Nunes Ferreira
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Brasília, FAV/UnB, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Sandy Menezes Honorato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Brasília, FAV/UnB, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Giane Regina Paludo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Brasília, FAV/UnB, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Miguel Ângelo Marini
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Brasília, DF, 70910-970, Brazil
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5
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Phillips P, Nazari N, Dharwadkar S, Filion A, Akaribo BE, Stephens P, Sundaram M. Socioeconomic and Eco-Environmental Drivers Differentially Trigger and Amplify Bacterial and Viral Outbreaks of Zoonotic Pathogens. Microorganisms 2025; 13:621. [PMID: 40142514 PMCID: PMC11945676 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13030621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2025] [Revised: 02/27/2025] [Accepted: 03/03/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025] Open
Abstract
The frequency of infectious disease outbreaks and pandemics is rising, demanding an understanding of their drivers. Common wisdom suggests that increases in outbreak frequency are driven by socioeconomic factors such as globalization and urbanization, yet, the majority of disease outbreaks are caused by zoonotic pathogens that can be transmitted from animals to humans, suggesting the important role of ecological and environmental drivers. Previous studies of outbreak drivers have also failed to quantify the differences between major classes of pathogens, such as bacterial and viral pathogens. Here, we reconsider the observed drivers of a global sample of 300 zoonotic outbreaks, including the 100 largest outbreaks that occurred between 1977 and 2017. We show that socioeconomic factors more often trigger outbreaks of bacterial pathogens, whereas ecological and environmental factors trigger viral outbreaks. However, socioeconomic factors also act as amplifiers of viral outbreaks, with higher case numbers in viral outbreaks driven by a larger proportion of socioeconomic factors. Our results demonstrate that it is useful to consider the drivers of global disease patterns in aggregate due to commonalities that cross disease systems. However, our work also identifies important differences between the driver profiles of bacterial and viral diseases in aggregate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payton Phillips
- Center for Precision One Health and Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 36688, USA; (S.D.); (M.S.)
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC 29808, USA
| | - Negin Nazari
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (N.N.); (A.F.); (B.E.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Sneha Dharwadkar
- Center for Precision One Health and Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 36688, USA; (S.D.); (M.S.)
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC 29808, USA
| | - Antoine Filion
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (N.N.); (A.F.); (B.E.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Benedicta Essuon Akaribo
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (N.N.); (A.F.); (B.E.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Patrick Stephens
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (N.N.); (A.F.); (B.E.A.); (P.S.)
| | - Mekala Sundaram
- Center for Precision One Health and Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 36688, USA; (S.D.); (M.S.)
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC 29808, USA
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6
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Griebsch C, Kirkwood N, Norris JM, Ward MP. A comparison of risk factors for canine leptospirosis and seropositivity in New South Wales, Australia. Aust Vet J 2025; 103:106-111. [PMID: 39800358 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify and compare risk factors associated with canine leptospirosis and Leptospira seropositivity in New South Wales, Australia. Seventy-nine canine cases of confirmed leptospirosis (clinical cases) and 16 healthy dogs seropositive to Leptospira (seropositive cases) were included in the study; these were separately compared to 394 healthy dogs seronegative to Leptospira (controls) in at-risk areas. A questionnaire investigated rat contact, stagnant water, dog park access and household number of dogs and cats. Associations between these factors, signalment and risk of leptospirosis or Leptospira seropositivity were screened using Pearson Chi-Square test and logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of association. Significantly associated with both leptospirosis risk and seropositivity risk was rat contact (P < 0.01) which increased the risk 4.3- and 4.5-fold, respectively. Other factors significantly associated with leptospirosis risk were breed (P < 0.01) and age (P < 0.01). Being a herding dog or Terrier increased leptospirosis risk 27.2-fold and 8-fold, respectively and being a young adult dog increased leptospirosis risk 3.9-fold. Frequenting dog parks decreased leptospirosis risk (OR 0.12). In contrast, no other significant risk factors were identified for seropositivity risk. Exposure to Leptospira through contact with reservoir hosts resulted in seropositivity as well as clinical leptospirosis. However, host factors like breed and age seem to be important factors in determining if exposure results in clinical disease. Increased urbanisation and landscape fragmentation could result in increased exposure to reservoir hosts. Environmental sampling is needed to identify sources of infection. Risk mitigation includes reducing contact with reservoir hosts and contaminated environments and increased pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Griebsch
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - N Kirkwood
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J M Norris
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - M P Ward
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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7
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Lane JK, Kelly T, Bird B, Chenais E, Roug A, Vidal G, Gallardo R, Zhou H, VanHoy G, Smith W. A One Health Approach to Reducing Livestock Disease Prevalence in Developing Countries: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2025; 13:277-302. [PMID: 39546407 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-111523-102133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
Challenges in livestock production in developing countries are often linked to a high disease prevalence and may be related to poor husbandry, feeding, and nutrition practices, as well as to inadequate access to preventive veterinary care. Structural barriers including chronic poverty, gender roles, inadequate supply chains, and limitations in surveillance infrastructure further complicate progress. Despite many challenges, the livestock sector substantially contributes to agricultural GDP, and reducing livestock disease prevalence is a goal for many countries. One Health initiatives that work across disciplines and sectors to reduce livestock diseases are underway around the world and use integrated approaches that consider the connections between humans, animals, and their shared environments. The growing recognition of the role livestock play in sustainability and livelihoods, as well as their involvement in zoonotic disease transmission and global health security, has highlighted the need for disease reduction strategies as described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Lane
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; , ,
| | | | - Brian Bird
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; , ,
| | - Erika Chenais
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Swedish Veterinary Agency, Uppsala, Sweden; ,
| | - Annette Roug
- Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Palmer, Alaska, USA;
- Department of Production Animal Studies, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Gema Vidal
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Swedish Veterinary Agency, Uppsala, Sweden; ,
| | - Rodrigo Gallardo
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA;
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California, USA;
| | - Grace VanHoy
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA;
| | - Woutrina Smith
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA; , ,
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Singleton AL, Lescano AG, MacDonald AJ, Mandle L, Sipin TJ, Martel KS, Munayco CV, Carrera EDR, Choque GA, Bautista ASM, Luby SP, Mordecai EA. Highway paving dramatically increased dengue transmission in the Amazon. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.11.15.24317406. [PMID: 39606351 PMCID: PMC11601761 DOI: 10.1101/2024.11.15.24317406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Human mobility drives the spread of many infectious diseases, yet the health impacts of changes in mobility due to new infrastructure development are poorly understood and currently not accounted for in impact assessments. We take a novel quasi-experimental approach to identifying the link between mobility and infectious disease, leveraging historical road upgrades as a proxy for regional human mobility changes. We analyzed how highway paving altered transmission of dengue-a high-burden mosquito-borne disease-via changes in human movement in the Madre de Dios region of Peru. The paving of the Interoceanic Highway through a formerly isolated region of the Amazon in 2009 provided a unique opportunity to quantify the causal impact of road paving on disease transmission. To uncover this relationship, we compared dengue incidence data from healthcare facilities in Madre de Dios near to versus far from the newly paved highway before and after paving, while controlling for observable and unobservable confounding variables (a difference-in-differences causal inference approach). We found that the paving of the highway caused at least an additional 9,826 (95% CI: 8,562-10,684) dengue cases since paving, accounting for 45.2% (95% CI: 39.4%-49.2%) of all dengue cases recorded in the region post highway paving (2009-2022). Our findings demonstrate the impact that infrastructure can have on dengue transmission, likely via its effects on human mobility. As a result, we advocate for future road construction plans in tropical regions to account for potential increases in dengue transmission during impact assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson L. Singleton
- Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Andres G. Lescano
- Clima, Latin American Center of Excellence for Climate Change and Health
- Emerge, Emerging Diseases and Climate Change Research Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Andrew J. MacDonald
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
- Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
| | - Lisa Mandle
- Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Terrell J. Sipin
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin S. Martel
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades, Peru Ministry of Health, Lima, Peru
- School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru
| | - César V. Munayco
- Clima, Latin American Center of Excellence for Climate Change and Health
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades, Peru Ministry of Health, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | - Stephen P. Luby
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Erin A. Mordecai
- Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
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Dellar M, Geerling G, Kok K, van Bodegom PM, van der Schrier G, Schrama M, Boelee E. Future land use maps for the Netherlands based on the Dutch One Health Shared Socio-economic Pathways. Sci Data 2024; 11:1237. [PMID: 39550384 PMCID: PMC11569152 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-04059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 11/18/2024] Open
Abstract
To enable detailed study of a wide variety of future health challenges, we have created future land use maps for the Netherlands for 2050, based on the Dutch One Health Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). This was done using the DynaCLUE modelling framework. Future land use is based on altitude, soil properties, groundwater, salinity, flood risk, agricultural land price, distance to transport hubs and climate. We also account for anticipated demand for different land use types, historic land use changes and potential spatial restrictions. These land use maps can be used to model many different health risks to people, animals and the environment, such as disease, water quality and pollution. In addition, the Netherlands can serve as an example for other rapidly urbanising deltas where many of the health risks will be similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Dellar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Leiden, Van Steenis Building, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Deltares, Daltonlaan 600, 3584BK, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Kasper Kok
- Environmental Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, P.O.Box 47, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M van Bodegom
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Leiden, Van Steenis Building, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard van der Schrier
- Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, Utrechtseweg 297, 3731GA, De Bilt, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Schrama
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Leiden, Van Steenis Building, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eline Boelee
- Deltares, Daltonlaan 600, 3584BK, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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10
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Titcomb G, Uelmen J, Janko M, Nunn C. Infectious disease responses to human climate change adaptations. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17433. [PMID: 39171421 PMCID: PMC11646313 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Many recent studies have examined the impact of predicted changes in temperature and precipitation patterns on infectious diseases under different greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. But these emissions scenarios symbolize more than altered temperature and precipitation regimes; they also represent differing levels of change in energy, transportation, and food production at a global scale to reduce the effects of climate change. The ways humans respond to climate change, either through adaptation or mitigation, have underappreciated, yet hugely impactful effects on infectious disease transmission, often in complex and sometimes nonintuitive ways. Thus, in addition to investigating the direct effects of climate changes on infectious diseases, it is critical to consider how human preventative measures and adaptations to climate change will alter the environments and hosts that support pathogens. Here, we consider the ways that human responses to climate change will likely impact disease risk in both positive and negative ways. We evaluate the evidence for these impacts based on the available data, and identify research directions needed to address climate change while minimizing externalities associated with infectious disease, especially for vulnerable communities. We identify several different human adaptations to climate change that are likely to affect infectious disease risk independently of the effects of climate change itself. We categorize these changes into adaptation strategies to secure access to water, food, and shelter, and mitigation strategies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions. We recognize that adaptation strategies are more likely to have infectious disease consequences for under-resourced communities, and call attention to the need for socio-ecological studies to connect human behavioral responses to climate change and their impacts on infectious disease. Understanding these effects is crucial as climate change intensifies and the global community builds momentum to slow these changes and reduce their impacts on human health, economic productivity, and political stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Titcomb
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Johnny Uelmen
- Triangle Center for Evolutionary Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mark Janko
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charles Nunn
- Triangle Center for Evolutionary Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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11
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Moirano G, Botta A, Yang M, Mangeruga M, Murray K, Vineis P. Land-cover, land-use and human hantavirus infection risk: a systematic review. Pathog Glob Health 2024; 118:361-375. [PMID: 37876214 PMCID: PMC11338209 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2023.2272097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that the risk of human infection by hantavirus, a family of rodent-borne viruses, might be affected by different environmental determinants such as land cover, land use and land use change. This study examined the association between land-cover, land-use, land use change, and human hantavirus infection risk. PubMed and Scopus databases were interrogated using terms relative to land use (change) and human hantavirus disease. Screening and selection of the articles were completed by three independent reviewers. Classes of land use assessed by the different studies were categorized into three macro-categories of exposure ('Agriculture', 'Forest Cover', 'Urban Areas') to qualitatively synthesize the direction of the association between exposure variables and hantavirus infection risk in humans. A total of 25 articles were included, with 14 studies (56%) conducted in China, 4 studies (16%) conducted in South America and 7 studies (28%) conducted in Europe. Most of the studies (88%) evaluated land cover or land use, while 3 studies (12%) evaluated land use change, all in relation to hantavirus infection risk. We observed that land cover and land-use categories could affect hantavirus infection incidence. Overall, agricultural land use was positively associated with increased human hantavirus infection risk, particularly in China and Brazil. In Europe, a positive association between forest cover and hantavirus infection incidence was observed. Studies that assessed the relationship between built-up areas and hantavirus infection risk were more variable, with studies reporting positive, negative or no associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovenale Moirano
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Postgraduate School of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Annarita Botta
- Department of Infectious Disease and Infectious Emergencies, AORN Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO, Naples, Italy
| | - Mingyou Yang
- Hypertension Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Mangeruga
- Environmental Technology, Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Kris Murray
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- School of Public Health, Imperial College, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Environment and Health, London, UK
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12
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Vanwambeke S, Lambin E, Meyfroidt P, Asaaga F, Millins C, Purse B. Land system governance shapes tick-related public and animal health risks. JOURNAL OF LAND USE SCIENCE 2024; 19:78-96. [PMID: 38690402 PMCID: PMC11057406 DOI: 10.1080/1747423x.2024.2330379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Land cover and land use have established effects on hazard and exposure to vector-borne diseases. While our understanding of the proximate and distant causes and consequences of land use decisions has evolved, the focus on the proximate effects of landscape on disease ecology remains dominant. We argue that land use governance, viewed through a land system lens, affects tick-borne disease risk. Governance affects land use trajectories and potentially shapes landscapes favourable to ticks or increases contact with ticks by structuring human-land interactions. We illustrate the role of land use legacies, trade-offs in land-use decisions, and social inequities in access to land resources, information and decision-making, with three cases: Kyasanur Forest disease in India, Lyme disease in the Outer Hebrides (Scotland), and tick acaricide resistance in cattle in Ecuador. Land use governance is key to managing the risk of tick-borne diseases, by affecting the hazard and exposure. We propose that land use governance should consider unintended consequences on infectious disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.O Vanwambeke
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Earth and Life Institute (ELI), Earth and Climate Pole (ELIC), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - E.F Lambin
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Earth and Life Institute (ELI), Earth and Climate Pole (ELIC), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - P Meyfroidt
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Earth and Life Institute (ELI), Earth and Climate Pole (ELIC), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique F.R.S.-FNRS, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F.A Asaaga
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - C Millins
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (IVES), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - B.V Purse
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
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13
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Davidson G, Speldewinde P, Manin BO, Cook A, Weinstein P, Chua TH. Forest Restoration and the Zoonotic Vector Anopheles balabacensis in Sabah, Malaysia. ECOHEALTH 2024; 21:21-37. [PMID: 38411846 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-024-01675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic changes to forest cover have been linked to an increase in zoonotic diseases. In many areas, natural forests are being replaced with monoculture plantations, such as oil palm, which reduce biodiversity and create a mosaic of landscapes with increased forest edge habitat and an altered micro-climate. These altered conditions may be facilitating the spread of the zoonotic malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi in Sabah, on the island of Borneo, through changes to mosquito vector habitat. We conducted a study on mosquito abundance and diversity in four different land uses comprising restored native forest, degraded native forest, an oil palm estate and a eucalyptus plantation, these land uses varying in their vegetation types and structure. The main mosquito vector, Anopheles balabacensis, has adapted its habitat preference from closed canopy rainforest to more open logged forest and plantations. The eucalyptus plantations (Eucalyptus pellita) assessed in this study contained significantly higher abundance of many mosquito species compared with the other land uses, whereas the restored dipterocarp forest had a low abundance of all mosquitos, in particular, An. balabacensis. No P. knowlesi was detected by PCR assay in any of the vectors collected during the study; however, P. inui, P. fieldi and P. vivax were detected in An. balabacensis. These findings indicate that restoring degraded natural forests with native species to closed canopy conditions reduces abundance of this zoonotic malarial mosquito vector and therefore should be incorporated into future restoration research and potentially contribute to the control strategies against simian malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael Davidson
- School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Peter Speldewinde
- School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Albany, Australia
| | - Benny Obrain Manin
- Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre (BMHRC), Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Angus Cook
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Philip Weinstein
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tock H Chua
- Edulife Berhad, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
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Kürschner T, Scherer C, Radchuk V, Blaum N, Kramer‐Schadt S. Resource asynchrony and landscape homogenization as drivers of virulence evolution: The case of a directly transmitted disease in a social host. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11065. [PMID: 38380064 PMCID: PMC10877554 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout the last decades, the emergence of zoonotic diseases and the frequency of disease outbreaks have increased substantially, fuelled by habitat encroachment and vectors overlapping with more hosts due to global change. The virulence of pathogens is one key trait for successful invasion. In order to understand how global change drivers such as habitat homogenization and climate change drive pathogen virulence evolution, we adapted an established individual-based model of host-pathogen dynamics. Our model simulates a population of social hosts affected by a directly transmitted evolving pathogen in a dynamic landscape. Pathogen virulence evolution results in multiple strains in the model that differ in their transmission capability and lethality. We represent the effects of global change by simulating environmental changes both in time (resource asynchrony) and space (homogenization). We found an increase in pathogenic virulence and a shift in strain dominance with increasing landscape homogenization. Our model further indicated that lower virulence is dominant in fragmented landscapes, although pulses of highly virulent strains emerged under resource asynchrony. While all landscape scenarios favoured co-occurrence of low- and high-virulent strains, the high-virulence strains capitalized on the possibility for transmission when host density increased and were likely to become dominant. With asynchrony likely to occur more often due to global change, our model showed that a subsequent evolution towards lower virulence could lead to some diseases becoming endemic in their host populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kürschner
- Department of Ecological DynamicsLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife ResearchBerlinGermany
| | - Cédric Scherer
- Department of Ecological DynamicsLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife ResearchBerlinGermany
| | - Viktoriia Radchuk
- Department of Ecological DynamicsLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife ResearchBerlinGermany
| | - Niels Blaum
- Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Stephanie Kramer‐Schadt
- Department of Ecological DynamicsLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife ResearchBerlinGermany
- Institute of EcologyTechnische Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
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15
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Goldblatt R, Holz N, Tate G, Sherman K, Ghebremicael S, Bhuyan SS, Al-Ajlouni Y, Santillanes S, Araya G, Abad S, Herting MM, Thompson W, Thapaliya B, Sapkota R, Xu J, Liu J, the environMENTAL consortium, Schumann G, Calhoun VD. "Urban-Satellite" estimates in the ABCD Study: Linking Neuroimaging and Mental Health to Satellite Imagery Measurements of Macro Environmental Factors. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.11.06.23298044. [PMID: 37986844 PMCID: PMC10659457 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.06.23298044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
While numerous studies over the last decade have highlighted the important influence of environmental factors on mental health, globally applicable data on physical surroundings are still limited. Access to such data and the possibility to link them to epidemiological studies is critical to unlocking the relationship of environment, brain and behaviour and promoting positive future mental health outcomes. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is the largest ongoing longitudinal and observational study exploring brain development and child health among children from 21 sites across the United States. Here we describe the linking of the ABCD study data with satellite-based "Urban-Satellite" (UrbanSat) variables consisting of 11 satellite-data derived environmental indicators associated with each subject's residential address at their baseline visit, including land cover and land use, nighttime lights, and population characteristics. We present these UrbanSat variables and provide a review of the current literature that links environmental indicators with mental health, as well as key aspects that must be considered when using satellite data for mental health research. We also highlight and discuss significant links of the satellite data variables to the default mode network clustering coefficient and cognition. This comprehensive dataset provides the foundation for large-scale environmental epidemiology research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim / Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Garrett Tate
- New Light Technologies, Inc., Washington, DC 20012
| | - Kari Sherman
- New Light Technologies, Inc., Washington, DC 20012
| | | | - Soumitra S Bhuyan
- Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University- New Brunswick
| | - Yazan Al-Ajlouni
- New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | | | | | - Shermaine Abad
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 92093
| | - Megan M. Herting
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, 90089
| | - Wesley Thompson
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 74136, USA
| | - Bishal Thapaliya
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Ram Sapkota
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Jiayuan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | | | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), ISTBI, Fudan University Shanghai, P.R. China
- PONS Centre, Dept. of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CCM, Charite University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA 30303
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16
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Shahrin L, Nowrin I, Afrin S, Rahaman MZ, Al Hasan MM, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM. Monitoring and evaluation practices and operational research during public health emergencies in southeast Asia region (2012-2022) - a systematic review. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2024; 21:100340. [PMID: 38361592 PMCID: PMC10866922 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to explore the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) and operational research (OR) practices during public health emergencies (PHE) in the southeast Asian region (SEAR) over the last decade. We searched electronic databases and grey literature sources for studies published between 2012 and 2022. The studies written in English were included, and a narrative synthesis was undertaken. A total of 29 studies were included in this review. Among these 25 studies documented M&E and four studies documented OR practices. The majority of the studies were from India and Bangladesh, with no evidence found from Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Myanmar, and Timor-Leste. M&E of surveillance programs were identified among which PHE due to COVID-19 was most prevalent. M&E was conducted in response to COVID-19, cholera, Nipah, Ebola, Candida auris, and hepatitis A. OR practice was minimal and reported from India and Indonesia. India conducted OR on COVID-19 and malaria, whereas Indonesia focused on COVID-19 and influenza. While most SEAR countries have mechanisms for conducting M&E, there is a noticeable limitation in OR practices. There is a compelling need to develop a standard framework for M&E. Additionally, enhancing private sector engagement is crucial for strengthening preparedness against PHE. Furthermore, there is a necessity to increase awareness about the importance of conducting M&E and OR during PHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubaba Shahrin
- Clinical and Diagnostic Services, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Nutrition Research Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Iffat Nowrin
- Maternal and Child Health Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Maternal and Child Health Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zamiur Rahaman
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - KM Saif-Ur-Rahman
- College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Evidence Synthesis Ireland and Cochrane Ireland, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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17
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Klukowski N, Eden P, Uddin MJ, Sarker S. Virome of Australia's most endangered parrot in captivity evidenced of harboring hitherto unknown viruses. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0305223. [PMID: 38047696 PMCID: PMC10783009 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03052-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The impact of circulating viruses on the critically endangered, orange-bellied parrot (OBP) population can be devastating. The OBP already faces numerous threats to its survival in the wild, including habitat loss, predation, and small population impacts. Conservation of the wild OBP population is heavily reliant on supplementation using OBPs from a managed captive breeding program. These birds may act as a source for introduction of a novel disease agent to the wild population that may affect survival and reproduction. It is, therefore, essential to monitor and assess the health of OBPs and take appropriate measures to prevent and control the spread of viral infections. This requires knowledge of the existing virome to identify novel and emerging viruses and support development of appropriate measures to manage associated risk. By monitoring and protecting these animals from emerging viral diseases, we can help ensure their ongoing survival and preserve the biodiversity of our planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Klukowski
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Eden
- Wildlife Conservation and Science, Zoos Victoria, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Muhammad Jasim Uddin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Center for Biosecurity and One Health, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Subir Sarker
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Biomedical Sciences & Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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18
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Stein M, Martin ME, Ramírez PG, Etchepare EG, Oria GI, Rossi GC, Kuruc J, Estallo EL. Updated Anopheles mosquitos abundance and distribution in north-eastern malaria-free area of Argentina. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 95:e20220956. [PMID: 38198397 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Malaria is the most important parasitic disease worldwide. In 2019, more than 679,441 cases of malaria were reported in the American region. During this study, Argentina was in malaria pre-elimination autochthonous transmission phase with the aim of being declared as malaria-free country. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of remote sensing spectral indices (NDVI, NDWI) and climatic variables (temperature, relative humidity and precipitation) on the distribution and abundance of Anopheles mosquitoes, in four localities with different degrees of anthropogenic disturbance and with previous malaria cases records located , in a historical malarious area in northeastern of Argentina. Between June 2012 and July 2014, mosquitoes were collected. We collected 535 Anopheles adult mosquitoes. Anopheles strodei s.l. was the most abundant species. The greatest richness, diversity and abundance of species were registered in wild and semi-urban environments. The abundance of Anopheles presented a negative association with relative humidity and mean temperature, but positive with mean maximum temperature. The most important variables determining Anopheles total abundance and distribution were NDWI Index and distance to vegetation. The abundance of An. strodei s.l., was positive associated with water areas whereas the NDVI Index was negatively associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Stein
- Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Instituto de Medicina Regional, Av. Las Heras 727, 3500, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Coordinación Nacional de Control de Vectores, Av. 9 de Julio 192, C1073ACA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mía E Martin
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, CONICET, Av. Vélez Sarsfield, 1611, 5016, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia G Ramírez
- UNNE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Agrimensura, Av. Libertad, 5460, 3400, Corrientes, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Eduardo G Etchepare
- Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Departamento de Básicas, Facultad Regional de Concordia, Salta 227, 3200, Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Griselda I Oria
- Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Instituto de Medicina Regional, Av. Las Heras 727, 3500, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina
| | - Gustavo C Rossi
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE), CCT La Plata, CONICET, Calle 2 584, B1902CHX, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Kuruc
- Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Coordinación Nacional de Control de Vectores, Av. 9 de Julio 192, C1073ACA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elizabet L Estallo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, CONICET, Av. Vélez Sarsfield, 1611, 5016, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Adegboye O, Alele F, Pak A, Alakunle E, Emeto T, Leggat P, Okeke M. Monkeypox Outbreak 2022, from a Rare Disease to Global Health Emergence: Implications for Travellers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1451:355-368. [PMID: 38801590 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Monkeypox (mpox), a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), poses a significant public health threat with the potential for global dissemination beyond its endemic regions in Central and West Africa. This study explores the multifaceted aspects of monkeypox, covering its epidemiology, genomics, travel-related spread, mass gathering implications, and economic consequences. Epidemiologically, mpox exhibits distinct patterns, with variations in age and gender susceptibility. Severe cases can arise in immunocompromised individuals, underscoring the importance of understanding the factors contributing to its transmission. Genomic analysis of MPXV highlights its evolutionary relationship with the variola virus and vaccinia virus. Different MPXV clades exhibit varying levels of virulence and transmission potential, with Clade I associated with higher mortality rates. Moreover, the role of recombination in MPXV evolution remains a subject of interest, with implications for understanding its genetic diversity. Travel and mass gatherings play a pivotal role in the spread of monkeypox. The ease of international travel and increasing globalization have led to outbreaks beyond African borders. The economic ramifications of mpox outbreaks extend beyond public health. Direct treatment costs, productivity losses, and resource-intensive control efforts can strain healthcare systems and economies. While vaccination and mitigation strategies have proven effective, the cost-effectiveness of routine vaccination in non-endemic countries remains a subject of debate. This study emphasizes the role of travel, mass gatherings, and genomics in its spread and underscores the economic impacts on affected regions. Enhancing surveillance, vaccination strategies, and public health measures are essential in controlling this emerging infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyelola Adegboye
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, 0811, Australia.
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
| | - Faith Alele
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Anton Pak
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4067, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Alakunle
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, 640001, Nigeria
| | - Theophilus Emeto
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Peter Leggat
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Malachy Okeke
- Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, 640001, Nigeria
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20
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Reaser JK, Chitale RA, Tabor GM, Hudson PJ, Plowright RK. Looking Left: Ecologically Based Biosecurity to Prevent Pandemics. Health Secur 2024; 22:74-81. [PMID: 38079245 PMCID: PMC10902271 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2023.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie K. Reaser
- Jamie K. Reaser, PhD, was a Senior Advisor, Center for Large Landscape Conservation, Bozeman, MT, and is a Senior Scientist/Project Director, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA
| | - Rohit A. Chitale
- Rohit A. Chitale, PhD, MPH, was Program Manager, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), Arlington, VA, and is Senior Infectious Diseases Advisor, Council on Strategic Risks, Washington, DC
| | - Gary M. Tabor
- Gary M. Tabor, MSc, VMD, is Chief Executive Officer, Center for Large Landscape Conservation, Bozeman, MT
| | - Peter J. Hudson
- Peter J. Hudson, DPhil, is Willaman Professor of Biology, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA
| | - Raina K. Plowright
- Raina K. Plowright, BVSc, MSc, PhD, is Rudolf J. and Katharine L. Steffen Professor of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca NY
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Saijuntha W, Sithithaworn P, Wangboon C, Andrews RH, Petney TN. Liver Flukes: Clonorchis and Opisthorchis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1454:239-284. [PMID: 39008268 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60121-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini and O. felineus are liver flukes of human and animal pathogens occurring across much of Europe and Asia. Nevertheless, they are often underestimated compared to other, better known neglected diseases in spite of the fact that many millions of people are infected and hundreds of millions are at risk. This is possibly because of the chronic nature of the infection and disease and that it takes several decades prior to a life-threatening pathology to develop. Several studies in the past decade have provided more information on the molecular biology of the liver flukes which clearly lead to better understanding of parasite biology, systematics and population genetics. Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis are characterized by a chronic infection that induces hepatobiliary inflammation, especially periductal fibrosis, which can be detected by ultrasonography. These chronic inflammations eventually lead to cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a usually fatal bile duct cancer that develops in some infected individuals. In Thailand alone, opisthorchiasis-associated CCA kills up to 20,000 people every year and is therefore of substantial public health importance. Its socioeconomic impacts on impoverished families and communities are considerable. To reduce hepatobiliary morbidity and CCA, the primary intervention measures focus on control and elimination of the liver fluke. Accurate diagnosis of liver fluke infections in both human and other mammalian, snail and fish intermediate hosts is important for achieving these goals. While the short-term goal of liver fluke control can be achieved by praziquantel chemotherapy, a comprehensive health education package targeting school children is believed to be more beneficial for a long-term goal/solution. It is recommended that transdisciplinary research or multisectoral control approach including one health and/or eco health intervention strategy should be applied to combat the liver flukes and hence contribute to reduction of CCA in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Department of Parasitology and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Chompunoot Wangboon
- School of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Ross H Andrews
- CASCAP, Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Trevor N Petney
- CASCAP, Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Paleontology and Evolution, State Museum of Natural History, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Telford C, Nyakarahuka L, Waller L, Kitron U, Shoemaker T. Spatial prediction of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus seroprevalence among livestock in Uganda. One Health 2023; 17:100576. [PMID: 38024282 PMCID: PMC10665170 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a viral disease that can infect humans via contact with tick vectors or livestock reservoirs and can cause moderate to severe disease. The first human case of CCHF in Uganda was identified in 2013. To determine the geographic distribution of the CCHF virus (CCHFV), serosampling among herds of livestock was conducted in 28 Uganda districts in 2017. A geostatistical model of CCHF seroprevalence among livestock was developed to incorporate environmental and anthropogenic variables associated with elevated CCHF seroprevalence to predict CCHF seroprevalence on a map of Uganda and estimate the probability that CCHF seroprevalence exceeded 30% at each prediction location. Environmental and anthropogenic variables were also analyzed in separate models to determine the spatially varying drivers of prediction and determine which covariate class resulted in best prediction certainty. Covariates used in the full model included distance to the nearest croplands, average annual change in night-time light index, percent sand soil content, land surface temperature, and enhanced vegetation index. Elevated CCHF seroprevalence occurred in patches throughout the country, being highest in northern Uganda. Environmental covariates drove predicted seroprevalence in the full model more than anthropogenic covariates. Combination of environmental and anthropogenic variables resulted in the best prediction certainty. An understanding of the spatial distribution of CCHF across Uganda and the variables that drove predictions can be used to prioritize specific locations and activities to reduce the risk of future CCHF transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carson Telford
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Luke Nyakarahuka
- Uganda Virus Research Institute, 51-59 Nakiwogo Road, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Biosecurity, Ecosystems and Veterinary Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda, 7062 University Rd, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lance Waller
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Uriel Kitron
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Trevor Shoemaker
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
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Thomaz-Soccol V, Gonçalves AL, Baggio RA, Bisetto Jr. A, Celestino A, Hospinal-Santiani M, de Souza A, Mychalizen M, Borges ME, Piechnik CA. One piece of the puzzle: Modeling vector presence and environment reveals seasonality, distribution, and prevalence of sandflies and Leishmania in an expansion area. One Health 2023; 17:100581. [PMID: 37332885 PMCID: PMC10273283 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent geographic spread of Leishmania infantum along the borders of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay has been highlighted. In our previous study, Lutzomyia longipalpis was found in 55 of 123 patches surveyed, and in some patches, sandflies were found at higher densities, forming hotspots. Based on the One Health approach, we investigated the seasonality of the vector, the presence of parasite DNA, and the environmental factors that contribute to vector and parasite dispersal in these previously described hotspots in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil. Entomological surveys were conducted monthly for one year. Fourteen hotspots peridomicile and six intradomicile were sampled. PCR was used to assess the prevalence of Leishmania DNA in sandflies. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used to determine the association of micro- and mesoscale environmental variables with the occurrence and abundance of the three most abundant sandfly species sampled. A total of 3543 species were captured, with Lutzomyia longipalpis being the predominant species (71.78%) of the 13 species found. Evandromyia edwardsi, Expapillata firmatoi, Micropygomyia ferreirana and Pintomyia christenseni were reported for the first time in the region. NDVI, distance to water, precipitation, west-to-east wind, wind speed, maximum and minimum relative humidity, and sex were significant variables associated with vector presence/abundance in the environment. Vector presence/abundance in the peridomicile was associated with precipitation, altitude, maximum temperature, minimum and maximum relative humidity, west-to-east wind, wind speed, and sex. Leishmania DNA was detected in an average of 21% of Lu. longipalpis throughout the year. Vector abundance is concentrated in urban and peri-urban areas, with some specimens present in different parts of the city and some sites with high vector abundance. This distribution suggests that the risk of actual contact between humans and parasite vectors in urban areas during the epidemic period is associated with patches of peri-urban vegetation and then extends into urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanete Thomaz-Soccol
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Rua Francisco H. dos Santos, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Gonçalves
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Rua Francisco H. dos Santos, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Antunes Baggio
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Rua Francisco H. dos Santos, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Alceu Bisetto Jr.
- SESA- Secretary of Health of the State of Paraná and the Ninth Health Region, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adão Celestino
- SESA- Secretary of Health of the State of Paraná and the Ninth Health Region, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Manuel Hospinal-Santiani
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Rua Francisco H. dos Santos, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - André de Souza
- Foz do Iguaçu City Hall, Zoonosis Control Center, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
| | - Mario Mychalizen
- Graduate Program in Environmental Management, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Eduardo Borges
- Biological Interactions, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), P.O. Box 19073, 81531-890 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Roque FDO, Bellón B, Guerra A, Valente-Neto F, Santos CC, Melo I, Nobre Arcos A, de Oliveira AG, Valle Nunes A, de Araujo Martins C, Souza FL, Herrera H, Tavares LER, Almeida-Gomes M, Pays O, Renaud PC, Gomes Barrios SP, Yon L, Bowsher G, Sullivan R, Johnson M, Grelle CEV, Ochoa-Quintero JM. Incorporating biodiversity responses to land use change scenarios for preventing emerging zoonotic diseases in areas of unknown host-pathogen interactions. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1229676. [PMID: 38026639 PMCID: PMC10665965 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1229676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The need to reconcile food production, the safeguarding of nature, and the protection of public health is imperative in a world of continuing global change, particularly in the context of risks of emerging zoonotic disease (EZD). In this paper, we explored potential land use strategies to reduce EZD risks using a landscape approach. We focused on strategies for cases where the dynamics of pathogen transmission among species were poorly known and the ideas of "land-use induced spillover" and "landscape immunity" could be used very broadly. We first modeled three different land-use change scenarios in a region of transition between the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspots. The land-use strategies used to build our scenarios reflected different proportions of native vegetation cover, as a proxy of habitat availability. We then evaluated the effects of the proportion of native vegetation cover on the occupancy probability of a group of mammal species and analyzed how the different land-use scenarios might affect the distribution of species in the landscape and thus the risk of EZD. We demonstrate that these approaches can help identify potential future EZD risks, and can thus be used as decision-making tools by stakeholders, with direct implications for improving both environmental and socio-economic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio de Oliveira Roque
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Beatriz Bellón
- BIODIVAG, Univ Angers, Angers, France
- Department of Environmental Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Angélica Guerra
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Francisco Valente-Neto
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Cyntia C. Santos
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
- BIODIVAG, Univ Angers, Angers, France
- Wetlands International Brazil, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Isabel Melo
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriano Nobre Arcos
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - André Valle Nunes
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa do Pantanal, Programa de Capacitação Institucional, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Clarissa de Araujo Martins
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
- BIODIVAG, Univ Angers, Angers, France
- Wetlands International Brazil, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Franco L. Souza
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Heitor Herrera
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo R. Tavares
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Almeida-Gomes
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Olivier Pays
- BIODIVAG, Univ Angers, Angers, France
- REHABS International Research Laboratory, CNRS-Université Lyon 1-Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa
| | | | | | - Lisa Yon
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Bowsher
- Centre for Conflict and Health, King’s College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Sullivan
- Centre for Conflict and Health, King’s College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Johnson
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos E. V. Grelle
- Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Jose Manuel Ochoa-Quintero
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia
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Gonçalves TDS, Sampaio-Júnior FD, Barrozo PHM, de Farias DM, Alves LB, de Souza EEG, de Aguiar AB, Nery BWB, Gering AP, Linardi PM, Martins TF, Scofield A. Tick and flea infestations in captive Tapirus terrestris and Tapirus kabomani (Perissodactyla: Tapiridae) in the Brazilian Amazon. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102234. [PMID: 37499566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify tick and flea species infesting captive tapirs (Tapirus terrestris and Tapirus kabomani) in the Brazilian Amazon. Ectoparasites were collected from tapirs chemically restrained in Zoo-botanical Parks, breeding facilities, conservationists and, environmental compensation areas in the states of Amapá, Amazonas, and Pará. After collection, the tick and flea specimens were placed in plastic pots containing isopropanol and identified according to dichotomous keys. Ectoparasite infestations were observed in 55% (18/33) tapirs, of which 61% (11/18) were single infestations with ticks or fleas, and 39% (7/18) were mixed infestations with different species of ticks and/or fleas. In total, 227 ticks (15 larvae, 107 nymphs, 38 females and 67 males) and 14 fleas (eight females and six males) were collected, identifying four tick species (Amblyomma cajennense sensu stricto , Amblyomma naponense, Amblyomma oblongoguttatum, and Amblyomma pacae) and three flea species and/or subspecies (Ctenocephalides felis felis, Rhopalopsyllus australis australis, and Tunga penetrans). In conclusion, infestations with Ixodidae ticks and Rhopalopsyllidae, Pulicidae and Tungidae fleas were found in captive tapirs in the Brazilian Amazon, and A. cajennense s.s. was the most frequent species. Additionally, the present study reports new associations between A. pacae and R. a. australis with T. terrestris and between A. cajennense s.s. with T. kabomani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamirys de Souza Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Castanhal, Pará, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Health in the Amazon, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Francisco Dantas Sampaio-Júnior
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Castanhal, Pará, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Health in the Amazon, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Marques Barrozo
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Castanhal, Pará, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Health in the Amazon, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Diana Maria de Farias
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Castanhal, Pará, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Health in the Amazon, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Larissa Borges Alves
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | - Elda Ely Gomes de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health in the Amazon, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Adriano Bezerra de Aguiar
- Center for Research and Rehabilitation of Wild Animals (CEPRAS), Balbina Hydroelectric Dam, Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Gering
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health in the Amazon, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Federal University of Tocantins North (UFNT), Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil
| | - Pedro Marcos Linardi
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago Fernandes Martins
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Pasteur Institute (IP) of the São Paulo State Department of Health (SES/SP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Scofield
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Castanhal, Pará, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Health in the Amazon, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil.
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García-Moreno J. Zoonoses in a changing world. Bioscience 2023; 73:711-720. [PMID: 37854892 PMCID: PMC10580970 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals are continuously exposed to pathogens but rarely get infected, because pathogens must overcome barriers to establish successful infections. Ongoing planetary changes affect factors relevant for such infections, such as pathogen pressure and pathogen exposure. The replacement of wildlife with domestic animals shrinks the original host reservoirs, whereas expanding agricultural frontiers lead to increased contact between natural and altered ecosystems, increasing pathogen exposure and reducing the area where the original hosts can live. Climate change alters species' distributions and phenology, pathogens included, resulting in exposure to pathogens that have colonized or recolonized new areas. Globalization leads to unwilling movement of and exposure to pathogens. Because people and domestic animals are overdominant planetwide, there is increased selective pressure for pathogens to infect them. Nature conservation measures can slow down but not fully prevent spillovers. Additional and enhanced surveillance methods in potential spillover hotspots should improve early detection and allow swifter responses to emerging outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime García-Moreno
- Vogelbescherming Nederland, Zeist, Netherlands
- BirdLife, the Netherlands
- ESiLi, Arnhem, the Netherlands
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27
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Rothstein AP, Jesser KJ, Feistel DJ, Konstantinidis KT, Trueba G, Levy K. Population genomics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli uncovers high connectivity between urban and rural communities in Ecuador. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 113:105476. [PMID: 37392822 PMCID: PMC10599324 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Human movement may be an important driver of transmission dynamics for enteric pathogens but has largely been underappreciated except for international 'travelers' diarrhea or cholera. Phylodynamic methods, which combine genomic and epidemiological data, are used to examine rates and dynamics of disease matching underlying evolutionary history and biogeographic distributions, but these methods often are not applied to enteric bacterial pathogens. We used phylodynamics to explore the phylogeographic and evolutionary patterns of diarrheagenic E. coli in northern Ecuador to investigate the role of human travel in the geographic distribution of strains across the country. Using whole genome sequences of diarrheagenic E. coli isolates, we built a core genome phylogeny, reconstructed discrete ancestral states across urban and rural sites, and estimated migration rates between E. coli populations. We found minimal structuring based on site locations, urban vs. rural locality, pathotype, or clinical status. Ancestral states of phylogenomic nodes and tips were inferred to have 51% urban ancestry and 49% rural ancestry. Lack of structuring by location or pathotype E. coli isolates imply highly connected communities and extensive sharing of genomic characteristics across isolates. Using an approximate structured coalescent model, we estimated rates of migration among circulating isolates were 6.7 times larger for urban towards rural populations compared to rural towards urban populations. This suggests increased inferred migration rates of diarrheagenic E. coli from urban populations towards rural populations. Our results indicate that investments in water and sanitation prevention in urban areas could limit the spread of enteric bacterial pathogens among rural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. Rothstein
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kelsey J. Jesser
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dorian J. Feistel
- School of a Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of a Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gabriel Trueba
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Karen Levy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Alimi Y, Wabacha J. Strengthening coordination and collaboration of one health approach for zoonotic diseases in Africa. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2023; 5:10. [PMID: 37533113 PMCID: PMC10394936 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-023-00082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the One Health progress made in some African countries in addressing zoonotic disease outbreaks, many still lack formal and funded One Health programs. Countries lack diagnostic capacity for zoonotic diseases, coordinated surveillance mechanisms, multisectoral response strategies and skilled workforce. With the devasting impacts of zoonotic disease outbreaks, recent epidemics have caused a loss of lives and negatively impacted the economy. Strengthening One Health approach across African Union (AU) Member States will improve the continent's ability and capacity to efficiently prevent, detect, and respond to emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases. The policy and practice changes needed to address zoonotic diseases require strong political commitment, financial investments, and institutionalised national One Health programs. The African Union endorses a One Health approach in which multiple sectors work jointly to raise awareness, gather credible data, implement programs, and promote evidence-based policy and practice in improve human, animal, and environmental health. The African Union working through its technical agencies set up an interagency multidisciplinary group "the One Health Coordinating Group on Zoonotic Diseases" to strengthen coordinated surveillance, prevention and control of zoonotic diseases on the continent. There is an urgent need to strengthen the coordination of One Health activities across the African continent. The African Union will leverage its unique political position on the continent to raise awareness, secure commitments, and influence policy at the head of state level. This manuscript highlights the opportunity to improve and strengthen One Health coordination and harmonisation of efforts through a continental strategy for zoonotic disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewande Alimi
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - James Wabacha
- African Union InterAfrican Bureau for Animal Resources, Nairobi, Kenya
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29
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Solimini A, Virgillito C, Manica M, Poletti P, Guzzetta G, Marini G, Rosà R, Filipponi F, Scognamiglio P, Vairo F, Caputo B. How habitat factors affect an Aedes mosquitoes driven outbreak at temperate latitudes: The case of the Chikungunya virus in Italy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0010655. [PMID: 37590255 PMCID: PMC10465128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of Aedes-borne diseases in temperate areas are not frequent, and limited in number of cases. We investigate the associations between habitat factors and temperature on individuals' risk of chikungunya (CHIKV) in a non-endemic area by spatially analyzing the data from the 2017 Italian outbreak. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We adopted a case-control study design to analyze the association between land-cover variables, temperature, and human population density with CHIKV cases. The observational unit was the area, at different scales, surrounding the residence of each CHIKV notified case. The statistical analysis was conducted considering the whole dataset and separately for the resort town of Anzio and the metropolitan city of Rome, which were the two main foci of the outbreak. In Rome, a higher probability for the occurrence of CHIKV cases is associated with lower temperature (OR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.61-0.85) and with cells with higher vegetation coverage and human population density (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00-1.05). In Anzio, CHIKV case occurrence was positively associated with human population density (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00-1.06) but not with habitat factors or temperature. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Using temperature, human population density and vegetation coverage data as drives for CHIKV transmission, our estimates could be instrumental in assessing spatial heterogeneity in the risk of experiencing arboviral diseases in non-endemic temperate areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Solimini
- Departement of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Virgillito
- Departement of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Center for Health Emergencies, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
| | - Piero Poletti
- Center for Health Emergencies, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
| | - Giorgio Guzzetta
- Center for Health Emergencies, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Roberto Rosà
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, Università di Trento, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Federico Filipponi
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Scognamiglio
- Regional Service for Surveillance and Control of Infectious Diseases (SERESMI)—Lazio Region, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Vairo
- Regional Service for Surveillance and Control of Infectious Diseases (SERESMI)—Lazio Region, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Beniamino Caputo
- Departement of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
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Rattaprasert P, Chavananikul C, Fungfuang W, Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr P, Limudomporn P. Combining isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow assay for diagnosis of P. cynomolgi malaria infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011470. [PMID: 37405994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium cynomolgi is a nonhuman primate parasite that causes malaria in humans and is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. Macaques, the natural hosts of P. cynomolgi, are widely distributed in Asia, especially in Southeast Asia. Anthropogenic land-use changes and wildlife habitat reduction due to local environmental changes, deforestation, urban expansion, and construction increased the frequency of human-macaque-vector interactions and facilitated the emergence of zoonotic malaria, causing an exponential increase in the infection rates in this area. Although microscopic tools are the gold standard for malaria diagnosis, they have very low sensitivity. Therefore, disease control and prevention require rapid, sensitive and accurate diagnostic tests. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS This study aims to develop a diagnostic method using a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with a lateral flow (LF) strip method to specifically diagnose P. cynomolgi. Laboratory validation determined the method's sensitivity and specificity compared to the nested PCR method. The lower limit of detection was 22.14 copies/μl of recombinant plasmid per reaction. The combination method represented 81.82% sensitivity and 94.74% specificity compared to the nested PCR. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The diagnostic testing developed in this study combines a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and a lateral flow (LF) strip, offering rapid high sensitivity and specificity. Further development of this technique could make it a promising method for detecting P. cynomolgi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongruj Rattaprasert
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutima Chavananikul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wirasak Fungfuang
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Paviga Limudomporn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute (KURDI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Saager ES, Iwamura T, Jucker T, Murray KA. Deforestation for oil palm increases microclimate suitability for the development of the disease vector Aedes albopictus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9514. [PMID: 37308504 PMCID: PMC10260943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A major trade-off of land-use change is the potential for increased risk of infectious diseases, a.o. through impacting disease vector life-cycles. Evaluating the public health implications of land-use conversions requires spatially detailed modelling linking land-use to vector ecology. Here, we estimate the impact of deforestation for oil palm cultivation on the number of life-cycle completions of Aedes albopictus via its impact on local microclimates. We apply a recently developed mechanistic phenology model to a fine-scaled (50-m resolution) microclimate dataset that includes daily temperature, rainfall and evaporation. Results of this combined model indicate that the conversion from lowland rainforest to plantations increases suitability for A. albopictus development by 10.8%, moderated to 4.7% with oil palm growth to maturity. Deforestation followed by typical plantation planting-maturation-clearance-replanting cycles is predicted to create pulses of high development suitability. Our results highlight the need to explore sustainable land-use scenarios that resolve conflicts between agricultural and human health objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Saager
- Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - T Iwamura
- Department F.-A. Forel for Aquatic and Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Jucker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - K A Murray
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Trujillano F, Garay GJ, Alatrista-Salas H, Byrne I, Nunez-del-Prado M, Chan K, Manrique E, Johnson E, Apollinaire N, Kouame Kouakou P, Oumbouke WA, Tiono AB, Guelbeogo MW, Lines J, Carrasco-Escobar G, Fornace K. Mapping Malaria Vector Habitats in West Africa: Drone Imagery and Deep Learning Analysis for Targeted Vector Surveillance. REMOTE SENSING 2023; 15:2775. [PMID: 37324796 PMCID: PMC7614662 DOI: 10.3390/rs15112775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Disease control programs are needed to identify the breeding sites of mosquitoes, which transmit malaria and other diseases, in order to target interventions and identify environmental risk factors. The increasing availability of very-high-resolution drone data provides new opportunities to find and characterize these vector breeding sites. Within this study, drone images from two malaria-endemic regions in Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire were assembled and labeled using open-source tools. We developed and applied a workflow using region-of-interest-based and deep learning methods to identify land cover types associated with vector breeding sites from very-high-resolution natural color imagery. Analysis methods were assessed using cross-validation and achieved maximum Dice coefficients of 0.68 and 0.75 for vegetated and non-vegetated water bodies, respectively. This classifier consistently identified the presence of other land cover types associated with the breeding sites, obtaining Dice coefficients of 0.88 for tillage and crops, 0.87 for buildings and 0.71 for roads. This study establishes a framework for developing deep learning approaches to identify vector breeding sites and highlights the need to evaluate how results will be used by control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedra Trujillano
- Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Gabriel Jimenez Garay
- Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
- Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hugo Alatrista-Salas
- Escuela de Posgrado Newman, Tacna 23001, Peru
- Science and Engineering School, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Lima 15088, Peru
| | - Isabel Byrne
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Miguel Nunez-del-Prado
- Peru Research, Development and Innovation Center (Peru IDI), Lima 15076, Peru
- The World Bank, Washington, DC 20433, USA
| | - Kallista Chan
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Edgar Manrique
- Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Emilia Johnson
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Nombre Apollinaire
- Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou 01 BP 2208, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Welbeck A. Oumbouke
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
- Innovative Vector Control Consortium, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, London L3 5QA, UK
| | - Alfred B. Tiono
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Moussa W. Guelbeogo
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Jo Lines
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar
- Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kimberly Fornace
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119077, Singapore
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Baranowski K, Bharti N. Habitat loss for black flying foxes and implications for Hendra virus. LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY 2023; 38:1605-1618. [PMID: 37229480 PMCID: PMC10073794 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-023-01642-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Context Environmental change impacts natural ecosystems and wildlife populations. In Australia, native forests have been heavily cleared and the local emergence of Hendra virus (HeV) has been linked to land-use change, winter habitat loss, and changing bat behavior. Objectives We quantified changes in landscape factors for black flying foxes (Pteropus alecto), a reservoir host of HeV, in sub-tropical Queensland, Australia from 2000-2020. We hypothesized that native winter habitat loss and native remnant forest loss were greatest in areas with the most human population growth. Methods We measured the spatiotemporal change in human population size and native 'remnant' woody vegetation extent. We assessed changes in the observed P. alecto population and native winter habitats in bioregions where P. alecto are observed roosting in winter. We assessed changes in the amount of remnant vegetation across bioregions and within 50 km foraging buffers around roosts. Results Human populations in these bioregions grew by 1.18 M people, mostly within 50 km foraging areas around roosts. Remnant forest extent decreased overall, but regrowth was observed when policy restricted vegetation clearing. Winter habitats were continuously lost across all spatial scales. Observed roost counts of P. alecto declined. Conclusion Native remnant forest loss and winter habitat loss were not directly linked to spatial human population growth. Rather, most remnant vegetation was cleared for indirect human use. We observed forest loss and regrowth in response to state land clearing policies. Expanded flying fox population surveys will help better understand how land-use change has impacted P. alecto distribution and Hendra virus spillover. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10980-023-01642-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsee Baranowski
- Department of Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA
| | - Nita Bharti
- Department of Biology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA
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Influence of habitat alteration on the structure of helminth communities in small mammals: a systematic review and critical appraisal of theory and current evidence. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:1053-1070. [PMID: 36894783 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07804-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the extensive information on the effects of habitat alteration on the structure of helminth communities in small mammals, the evidence is still inconclusive. A systematic review was carried out using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guideline to compile and synthesize available literature on the influence of habitat alteration on the structure of helminth communities in small mammals. The aim of this review was to describe the variation in infection rates of helminth species associated with habitat alteration and to discuss the theoretical framework that may explain such changes in relation to parasite, host, and environmental features. Twenty-three scientific articles published between 2005 and 2022 were reviewed, 22 of which investigated parasite prevalence, 10 parasite burden, and 14 parasite richness in both altered and natural habitats. Information in assessed articles suggests that the structure of helminth communities in small mammals can be impacted by anthropogenic habitat alteration in various ways. Infection rates of monoxenous and heteroxenous helminths may increase or decrease in small mammals depending on whether their hosts (definitive and intermediate) are available, and environmental and host conditions modify the survival and transmission of parasitic forms. Also, given that habitat alteration may favor inter-species contacts, transmission rates of low host-specific helminths could be increased due to exposure to new reservoir hosts. In a continually changing world, it is essential to assess the spatio-temporal variations of helminth communities in wildlife inhabiting altered and natural habitats to determine potential impacts on wildlife conservation and public health.
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Biodiversity: the overlooked source of human health. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:173-187. [PMID: 36585352 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Biodiversity is the measure of the variation of lifeforms in a given ecological system. Biodiversity provides ecosystems with the robustness, stability, and resilience that sustains them. This is ultimately essential for our survival because we depend on the services that natural ecosystems provide (food, fresh water, air, climate, and medicine). Despite this, human activity is driving an unprecedented rate of biodiversity decline, which may jeopardize the life-support systems of the planet if no urgent action is taken. In this article we show why biodiversity is essential for human health. We raise our case and focus on the biomedicine services that are enabled by biodiversity, and we present known and novel approaches to promote biodiversity conservation.
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Ben‐Moshe N, Rosensaft M, Iwamura T. Land-use changes interact with geology to facilitate dispersal of the rock hyrax ( Procavia capensis) and leishmaniasis across Israel and the West Bank. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9915. [PMID: 36960239 PMCID: PMC10030234 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Geology plays a fundamental role in establishing species' habitats, determining both physical (e.g., landscape morphology, soil texture) and chemical (e.g., mineral composition, water availability) properties. In the current Anthropocene epoch, human activity is transforming Earth's geology and ecosystems. Yet to date, there have been almost no studies incorporating geology when examining the effect of such land-use changes on species distribution. This study seeks to uncover how specific land-use changes interact with geology, in order to explain the recent and rapid expansion of the rock hyrax (Procavia capensis) across the mountains of central Israel and the West Bank. Hyraxes are dependent on rock mounds for their habitat, and their expansion seems to be correlated with increasing infrastructure construction. However, their expansion patterns differ among locations, even when the human land-use is similar. To explain the patterns of hyrax distribution observed over the past 46 years, we converted geological data into ecological data, which present the probability of the local bedrock breaking into boulders, whether due to either natural or anthropogenic weathering processes. We applied species distribution models (SDMs) and found that the expansion of rock hyrax populations was facilitated by means of the interaction of specific geological units with land-use practices (e.g., roads and construction), which resulted in the accumulation of large boulders, creating novel habitats and stepping stones in previously unsuitable areas for hyraxes. Since rock hyraxes are major hosts of the leishmaniasis pathogen, the findings from this study offer important insights into the progression and potential outbreaks of the disease in human populations. Understanding the role that geology plays in shaping a species' niche is expected to prove useful in studying the distribution of other wildlife species and is fundamental in studies seeking to predict the potential ecological impacts on local biodiversity associated with land-use change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takuya Iwamura
- Department F.‐A. Forel for Aquatic and Environmental Sciences and Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
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Capucci DC, Campos AM, Soares JVR, Ramos VDV, Binder C, Lima MA, Margonari C, Andrade Filho JD. Ecology and natural infection of phlebotomine sand flies in different ecotopes and environments in the municipality of Pains, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Acta Trop 2023; 238:106789. [PMID: 36463952 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of protozoa of the genus Leishmania and distributed throughout Brazil, formerly restricted to rural areas, have expanded including to periurban and urban regions, been recorded in different habitats. This study aimed to understand the dynamics of sand flies in different ecotopes in the municipality of Pains. Sand flies were captured during thirty samplings using HP light traps installed in seven different ecotopes for two consecutive nights, once a month, from August 2018 to July 2019. A total of 1,352 sand flies were captured, representing 24 species belong to ten genera. Evandromyia edwardsi was the most abundant species, followed by Evandromyia lenti and Micropygomyia quinquefer. Leishmania DNA was detected in seven female sand flies in four ecotopes, for an infection rate of 0.9%. Sand flies were collected in all seven ecotopes, although forest (23.04%), cave (20.88%) and pasture (17.75%) had higher abundance and richness. Similarity was found among ecotopes, indicating that they are all important for the maintenance of the sand fly community. Spatial analysis indicated high densities of sand flies in areas with natural characteristics. All ecotopes in the municipality were evidenced to have an adequate and harmonious epidemiological profile for the transmission and expansion of leishmaniasis throughout the territory. Because of the increasing environmental changes and deforestation in the municipality, the risk of generating ecological imbalance and increased cases of leishmaniasis is imminent, which highlights the importance of developing preventive and control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Cristina Capucci
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Aldenise Martins Campos
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - João Vítor Reis Soares
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Camila Binder
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Mariana Alves Lima
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Carina Margonari
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Modeling the role of land conversion on the spread of an epizootic disease. J Theor Biol 2023; 557:111324. [PMID: 36334851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Land conversion and the resulting contact between domesticated and wild species has arguably been the single largest contributor to the emergence of novel epizootic and zoonotic diseases in the past century. An unintended consequence of these interactions is zoonotic or epizootic disease spillovers from wild species to humans and their domesticates. Disease spillovers are edge effects of land conversion and are sensitive to the size and shape of converted areas. We combine spatial metrics from landscape ecology with theoretical epidemiological models to understand how the size and shape of land conversion affect epizootic and zoonotic disease transmission of single and two species populations. We show that the less compact the converted area, and the greater the depth of the contact zone, the more rapidly will an introduced disease spread through the domesticated population.
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Carrera-Játiva PD, Torres C, Figueroa-Sandoval F, Beltrami E, Verdugo C, Landaeta-Aqueveque C, Acosta-Jamett G. Gastrointestinal parasites in wild rodents in Chiloé Island-Chile. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2023; 32:e017022. [PMID: 36629665 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612023002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal parasites are well-documented in small mammals from north-central Chile, but little is known about endoparasites of rodents in southern Chile. A survey was conducted between January and February 2018 to evaluate gastrointestinal parasites and risk factors of wild rodents that live in rural areas in Northern Chiloé Island, Chile. A total of 174 fecal samples from rodents of six native and one introduced species were collected and examined using the Mini-FLOTAC method. Also, 41 individuals of four native wild rodent species were examined furtherly to determinate adult parasites from gastrointestinal tracts. The overall prevalence of endoparasites was 89.65% (156). Helminth egg types included: Rodentolepis spp., Capillariidae, Trichuris sp., Syphacia sp., oxyurid-type eggs, Strongyloides sp., Spirurid-type eggs, Strongilid-type eggs, Moniliformis sp., and an unidentified nematode egg and larvae. Protozoa comprised coccidia, amoeba, and unidentified cysts. From necropsies, adult parasites involved Syphacia sp. Trichuris sp., Protospirura sp. and Physaloptera sp. In Abrothrix olivacea, individuals with low-body-mass index exhibited reduced infection probability for Spirurid-type and Strongilid-type eggs. Some parasites in this study may affect human health. In rural settings where environmental conditions are changing, more research should be undertaken to understand parasitic infections in wildlife and implications for public health and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio David Carrera-Játiva
- Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Constanza Torres
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Fernanda Figueroa-Sandoval
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Esperanza Beltrami
- Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Claudio Verdugo
- Instituto de Patología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Center for Evolution and Disease Surveillance, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carlos Landaeta-Aqueveque
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Gerardo Acosta-Jamett
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Center for Evolution and Disease Surveillance, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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Li X, Jiang H, Liang X. Early Stage Risk Identification and Governance of Major Emerging Infectious Diseases: A Double-Case Study Based on the Chinese Context. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:635-653. [PMID: 37056713 PMCID: PMC10089271 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s400546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Based on the Chinese context, this study uses severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks as examples to identify the risk factors that lead to the major emerging infectious diseases outbreak, and put forward risk governance strategies to improve China's biosecurity risk prevention and control capabilities. Material and Methods This study combines grounded theory and WSR methodology, and utilizes the NVivo 12.0 qualitative analysis software to identify the risk factors that led to the major emerging infectious diseases outbreak. The research data was sourced from 168 publicly available official documents, which are highly authoritative and reliable. Results This study identified 10 categories of Wuli risk factors, 6 categories of logical Shili risk factors, and 8 categories of human Renli risk factors that contributed to the outbreak of major emerging infectious diseases. These risk factors were distributed across the early stages of the outbreak, and have different mechanisms of action at the macro and micro levels. Conclusion This study identified the risk factors that lead to the outbreak of major emerging infectious disease, and discovered the mechanism of the outbreak at the macro and micro levels. At the macro level, Wuli risk factors are the forefront antecedents that lead to the outbreak of the crisis, Renli factors are the intermediate regulatory factors, and Shili risk factors are the back-end posterior factors. At the micro level, there are risk coupling, risk superposition, and risk resonance interactions among various risk factors, leading to the outbreak of the crisis. Based on these interactive relationships, this study proposes risk governance strategies that are helpful for policymakers in dealing with similar crises in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Li
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Jiang
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hui Jiang, School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
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Shanks S, van Schalkwyk MCI, Cunningham AA. A call to prioritise prevention: Action is needed to reduce the risk of zoonotic disease emergence. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2022; 23:100506. [PMID: 36124110 PMCID: PMC9482102 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic changes to the environment are facilitating the spread of animal pathogens into human populations. A global focus on detecting and containing emerging infectious diseases has deflected from the need for upstream prevention measures to reduce the risk of pathogen emergence. The drivers of infectious disease emergence have predominantly been considered as environmental and conservation issues and not as risks to human health. There is an opportunity for the UK to take a leadership position on this complex issue. This will require the establishment and maintenance of effective governance and policy mandates. Novel ways of policymaking are needed urgently to achieve three key aims: coordination and collaboration across sectors and government departments, the inclusion of diverse expertise, and the prioritisation of measures directed at prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Shanks
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, United Kingdom
| | - May CI van Schalkwyk
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A. Cunningham
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, United Kingdom
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Yang X, Gu H, Zhao Q, Zhu Y, Teng Y, Li Y, Zhang Z. High seed diversity and availability increase rodent community stability under human disturbance and climate variation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1068795. [PMID: 36531400 PMCID: PMC9748286 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1068795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between diversity and stability is a focus in community ecology, but the relevant hypotheses have not been rigorously tested at trophic and network levels due to a lack of long-term data of species interactions. Here, by using seed tagging and infrared camera tracking methods, we qualified the seed-rodent interactions, and analyzed the associations of rodent community stability with species diversity, species abundance, and seed-rodent network complexity of 15 patches in a subtropical forest from 2013 to 2021. A total of 47,400 seeds were released, 1,467 rodents were marked, and 110 seed-rodent networks were reconstructed to estimate species richness, species abundance, and seed-rodent network metrics. We found, from younger to older stands, species richness and abundance (biomass) of seeds increased, while those of rodents decreased, leading to a seed-rodent network with higher nestedness, linkage density, and generality in older stands, but higher connectance in younger stands. With the increase of temperature and precipitation, seed abundance (biomass), rodent abundance, and the growth rate of rodent abundance increased significantly. We found rodent community stability (i.e., the inverse of rodent abundance variability) was significantly and positively associated with seed diversity, seed availability, linkage density and generality of seed-rodent networks, providing evidence of supporting the Bottom-Up Diversity-Stability Hypotheses and the Abundant Food Diversity-Stability Hypothesis. Our findings highlight the significant role of resource diversity and availability in promoting consumers' community stability at trophic and network levels, and the necessity of protecting biodiversity for increasing ecosystem stability under human disturbance and climate variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Tazerji SS, Nardini R, Safdar M, Shehata AA, Duarte PM. An Overview of Anthropogenic Actions as Drivers for Emerging and Re-Emerging Zoonotic Diseases. Pathogens 2022; 11:1376. [PMID: 36422627 PMCID: PMC9692567 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Population growth and industrialization have led to a race for greater food and supply productivity. As a result, the occupation and population of forest areas, contact with wildlife and their respective parasites and vectors, the trafficking and consumption of wildlife, the pollution of water sources, and the accumulation of waste occur more frequently. Concurrently, the agricultural and livestock production for human consumption has accelerated, often in a disorderly way, leading to the deforestation of areas that are essential for the planet's climatic and ecological balance. The effects of human actions on other ecosystems such as the marine ecosystem cause equally serious damage, such as the pollution of this habitat, and the reduction of the supply of fish and other animals, causing the coastal population to move to the continent. The sum of these factors leads to an increase in the demands such as housing, basic sanitation, and medical assistance, making these populations underserved and vulnerable to the effects of global warming and to the emergence of emerging and re-emerging diseases. In this article, we discuss the anthropic actions such as climate changes, urbanization, deforestation, the trafficking and eating of wild animals, as well as unsustainable agricultural intensification which are drivers for emerging and re-emerging of zoonotic pathogens such as viral (Ebola virus, hantaviruses, Hendravirus, Nipah virus, rabies, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease-2), bacterial (leptospirosis, Lyme borreliosis, and tuberculosis), parasitic (leishmaniasis) and fungal pathogens, which pose a substantial threat to the global community. Finally, we shed light on the urgent demand for the implementation of the One Health concept as a collaborative global approach to raise awareness and educate people about the science behind and the battle against zoonotic pathogens to mitigate the threat for both humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Salajegheh Tazerji
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran P.O. Box. 1477893855, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elites Club Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University; Tehran P.O. Box. 1477893855, Iran
| | - Roberto Nardini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Muhammad Safdar
- Department of Breeding and Genetics, Cholistan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Awad A. Shehata
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany
- Prophy-Institute for Applied Prophylaxis, 59159 Bönen, Germany
| | - Phelipe Magalhães Duarte
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Bioscience, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil
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Costa LNP, Novais S, Oki Y, Fernandes GW, Borges MAZ. Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) diversity along a rainy season and edge effects in a riparian forest in Southeastern Brazil. AUSTRAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lêda Naiara Pereira Costa
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Controle Biológico de Insetos, Departamento de Biologia Geral Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros Vila Mauriceia Montes Claros, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Samuel Novais
- Red de Interacciones Multitróficas Instituto de Ecología A.C. Xalapa, Veracruz Mexico
| | - Yumi Oki
- Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - G. Wilson Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Magno Augusto Zazá Borges
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Controle Biológico de Insetos, Departamento de Biologia Geral Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros Vila Mauriceia Montes Claros, Minas Gerais Brazil
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Zhou G, Hemming-Schroeder E, Jeang B, Wang X, Zhong D, Lee MC, Li Y, Bradley L, Gobran SR, David RE, Ondeto BM, Orondo P, Atieli H, Githure JI, Githeko AK, Kazura J, Yan G. Irrigation-Induced Environmental Changes Sustain Malaria Transmission and Compromise Intervention Effectiveness. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1657-1666. [PMID: 36056912 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irrigated agriculture enhances food security, but it potentially promotes mosquito-borne disease transmission and affects vector intervention effectiveness. This study was conducted in the irrigated and nonirrigated areas of rural Homa Bay and Kisumu Counties, Kenya. METHODS We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys to determine Plasmodium infection prevalence, clinical malaria incidence, molecular force of infection (molFOI), and multiplicity of infection. We examined the impact of irrigation on the effectiveness of the new interventions. RESULTS We found that irrigation was associated with >2-fold higher Plasmodium infection prevalence and 3-fold higher clinical malaria incidence compared to the nonirrigated area. Residents in the irrigated area experienced persistent, low-density parasite infections and higher molFOI. Addition of indoor residual spraying was effective in reducing malaria burden, but the reduction was more pronounced in the nonirrigated area than in the irrigated area. CONCLUSIONS Our findings collectively suggest that irrigation may sustain and enhance Plasmodium transmission and affects intervention effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofa Zhou
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hemming-Schroeder
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Brook Jeang
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Daibin Zhong
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ming-Chieh Lee
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Yiji Li
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Lauren Bradley
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Sabrina R Gobran
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Randy E David
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Benyl M Ondeto
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Pauline Orondo
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Harrysone Atieli
- School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya.,International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research, Tom Mboya University College, Homa Bay, Kenya
| | - John I Githure
- International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research, Tom Mboya University College, Homa Bay, Kenya
| | - Andrew K Githeko
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - James Kazura
- Center for Global Health and Disease, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Guiyun Yan
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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Schuettenberg A, Piña A, Metrailer M, Peláez-Sánchez RG, Agudelo-Flórez P, Lopez JÁ, Ryle L, Monroy FP, Altin JA, Ladner JT. Highly Multiplexed Serology for Nonhuman Mammals. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0287322. [PMID: 36125316 PMCID: PMC9602771 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02873-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases represent a serious and ongoing threat to humans. Most emerging viruses are maintained in stable relationships with other species of animals, and their emergence within the human population results from cross-species transmission. Therefore, if we want to be prepared for the next emerging virus, we need to broadly characterize the diversity and ecology of viruses currently infecting other animals (i.e., the animal virosphere). High-throughput metagenomic sequencing has accelerated the pace of virus discovery. However, molecular assays can detect only active infections and only if virus is present within the sampled fluid or tissue at the time of collection. In contrast, serological assays measure long-lived antibody responses to infections, which can be detected within the blood, regardless of the infected tissues. Therefore, serological assays can provide a complementary approach for understanding the circulation of viruses, and while serological assays have historically been limited in scope, recent advancements allow thousands to hundreds of thousands of antigens to be assessed simultaneously using <1 μL of blood (i.e., highly multiplexed serology). The application of highly multiplexed serology for the characterization of the animal virosphere is dependent on the availability of reagents that can be used to capture or label antibodies of interest. Here, we evaluate the utility of commercial immunoglobulin-binding proteins (protein A and protein G) to enable highly multiplexed serology in 25 species of nonhuman mammals, and we describe a competitive fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) that can be used as an initial screen for choosing the most appropriate capture protein for a given host species. IMPORTANCE Antibodies are generated in response to infections with viruses and other pathogens, and they help protect against future exposures. Mature antibodies are long lived, are highly specific, and can bind to their protein targets with high affinity. Thus, antibodies can also provide information about an individual's history of viral exposures, which has important applications for understanding the epidemiology and etiology of disease. In recent years, there have been large advances in the available methods for broadly characterizing antibody-binding profiles, but thus far, these have been utilized primarily with human samples only. Here, we demonstrate that commercial antibody-binding reagents can facilitate modern antibody assays for a wide variety of mammalian species, and we describe an inexpensive and fast approach for choosing the best reagent for each animal species. By studying antibody-binding profiles in captive and wild animals, we can better understand the distribution and prevalence of viruses that could spill over into humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Schuettenberg
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Alejandra Piña
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Morgan Metrailer
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | - Juan Álvaro Lopez
- Microbiology School, Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luke Ryle
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Fernando P. Monroy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - John A. Altin
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Jason T. Ladner
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
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Amoako-Sakyi D, Obiri-Yeboah D, Ofosu A, Kusi KA, Osei K, Adade R, Aniakwaa-Bonsu E, Quansah R, Arko-Mensah J, Amoah BY, Kwakye-Nuako G, Frimpong EY, Combasseré-Cherif M, Mohammed H, Maiga B, Fobil J, Quakyi I, Gyan BA. Preponderance of vaccine-preventable diseases hotspots in northern Ghana: a spatial and space-time clustering analysis from 2010 to 2014. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1899. [PMID: 36224589 PMCID: PMC9555261 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) persist globally with a disproportionately high burden in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Although this might be partly due to the failure to sustain vaccination coverage above 90% in some WHO regions, a more nuanced understanding of VPD transmission beyond vaccination coverage may unveil other important factors in VPD transmission and control. This study identified VPDs hotspots and explored their relationships with ecology, urbanicity and land-use variations (Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) activities) in Ghana. METHODS District-level disease count data from 2010 to 2014 from the Ghana Health Service (GHS) and population data from the Ghana Population and Housing Census (PHC) were used to determine clustering patterns of six VPDs (Measles, Meningitis, Mumps, Otitis media, Pneumonia and Tetanus). Spatial and space-time cluster analyses were implemented in SaTScan using the discrete Poisson model. P-values were estimated using a combination of sequential Monte Carlo, standard Monte Carlo, and Gumbel approximations. RESULTS The study found a preponderance for VPD hotspots in the northern parts of Ghana and northernmost ecological zones (Sudan Savannah and Guinea Savannah). Incidence of meningitis was higher in the Sudan Savannah ecological zone relative to: Tropical Rain Forest (p = 0.001); Semi Deciduous Forest (p < 0.0001); Transitional Zone (p < 0.0001); Coastal Savannah (p < 0.0001) and Guinea Savannah (p = 0.033). Except for mumps, which recorded a higher incidence in urban districts (p = 0.045), incidence of the other five VPDs did not differ across the urban-rural divide. Whereas spatial analysis suggested that some VPD hotspots (tetanus and otitis media) occur more frequently in mining districts in the southern part of the country, a Mann-Whitney U test revealed a higher incidence of meningitis in non-mining districts (p = 0.019). Pneumonia and meningitis recorded the highest (722.8 per 100,000) and least (0.8 per 100,000) incidence rates respectively during the study period. CONCLUSION This study shows a preponderance of VPD hotspots in the northern parts of Ghana and in semi-arid ecoclimates. The relationship between ASGM activities and VPD transmission in Ghana remains blurred and requires further studies with better spatial resolution to clarify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Amoako-Sakyi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Anthony Ofosu
- Centre for Health Information Management, Ghana Health Services, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi
- Immunology Department, College of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kingsley Osei
- Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences, College of Humanities in Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Richard Adade
- Centre for Coastal Managenment, University of Cape Coast., Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ebenezer Aniakwaa-Bonsu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Reginald Quansah
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - John Arko-Mensah
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Brodrick Yeboah Amoah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Godwin Kwakye-Nuako
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast., Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Eric Yaw Frimpong
- Office of Population Health and Evaluation, New York State Office of Mental Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Mariama Combasseré-Cherif
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques, Université Nazi, Bobo- Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, Burkina Faso
| | - Hidaya Mohammed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Boubacar Maiga
- University of Sciences, Techniques and Technology of Bamako (USTT-B), Bamako, Mali
| | - Julius Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Isabella Quakyi
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Ben A Gyan
- Immunology Department, College of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Barrón-Rodríguez RJ, Parra-Laca R, Rojas-Anaya E, Romero-Espinoza JÁI, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Vázquez-Pérez JA, García-Espinosa G, Loza-Rubio E. Evidence of Viral Communities in Three Species of Bats from Rural Environment in Mexico. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2022.24.1.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo J. Barrón-Rodríguez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Microbiología Animal (CENID-Microbiología), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Carretera Federal México-Toluca km 15.5, Colonia Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciu
| | - Rocío Parra-Laca
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Microbiología Animal (CENID-Microbiología), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Carretera Federal México-Toluca km 15.5, Colonia Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciu
| | - Edith Rojas-Anaya
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 3000, Colonia Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, México
| | - José Á. I. Romero-Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Del. Tlalpan, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14080, México
| | - Jorge T. Ayala-Sumuano
- Idix S.A. de C.V., Sonterra 3035 Interior 26, Fraccionamiento Sonterra, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro México, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Joel A. Vázquez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Del. Tlalpan, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, C.P. 14080, México
| | - Gary García-Espinosa
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 3000, Colonia Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, México
| | - Elizabeth Loza-Rubio
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Microbiología Animal (CENID-Microbiología), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Carretera Federal México-Toluca km 15.5, Colonia Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciu
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Morphologic and physiologic characteristics of green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) hatchlings in southeastern Florida, USA. J Comp Physiol B 2022; 192:751-764. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-022-01450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Carvalho GMDL, Silva DF, Xavier LDA, Soares JVR, Ramos VDV, Madureira AP, Lima MA, Tonelli GB, Paz GF, Rêgo FD, Andrade-Filho JD, Margonari C. Sand fly bioecological aspects and risk mapping of leishmaniasis by geographical information systems approach in a mineral exploration area of Brazil. Acta Trop 2022; 232:106491. [PMID: 35504313 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies of leishmaniasis in areas of great human influence and environmental change serve as important tools for the implementation of effective control plans. Mining is currently a major economic activity in Brazil with the municipality of Pains, in the state of Minas Gerais, being one of the main lime producing municipalities in the country. This study aimed to map areas of potential transmission risks within the municipality of Pains using an epidemiological approach in association with the ecological study of sand flies. Twelve samplings carried out between May 2015 and April 2016 collected a total of 12,728 sandflies, comprising 2,854 females (22.42%) and 9,874 males (77.58%), of 20 species belonging to ten genera. The most abundant species was Lutzomyia longipalpis (80%). Leishmania DNA was detected in seven pools of female sand flies with an infection rate of 0.37%. Geoprocessing and the use of maps revealed that vector sand flies are distributed throughout the urban area, as are cases of canine and human leishmaniasis. However, the greatest abundances of sand flies were at sampling points at the border of the urban area. Higher densities of sand flies and the presence of Leishmania DNA may be correlated with extensive degradation by limestone mining. Integrated and multidisciplinary research approaches are necessary to better understand how the impacts of environmental change influence these insect vectors of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danyele Franca Silva
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Laura do Amaral Xavier
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Joao Vítor Reis Soares
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Madureira
- DBTEC - Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei 36307-352, Brazil
| | - Mariana Alves Lima
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Barbosa Tonelli
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Fontes Paz
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dutra Rêgo
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Carina Margonari
- Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses, Instituto René Rachou (Fiocruz Minas), 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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