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Lee SH, Kim AR, Lee J. Effects of noise exposure on stress hormone changes during task performance in young Korean men: quasi-experimental study. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:605-615. [PMID: 38721994 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2352122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have suggested that noise exposure might be associated with changes in stress hormone levels. However, quantitative evidence for these effects in humans is rare and remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of exposure to noise and its different levels on stress hormone changes in task performance. Quasi-experimental noise exposure environment was established for 90 male university student volunteers in their twenties, and each was exposed to different noise levels during task performance. The stress hormones tested included cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), adrenaline, and noradrenaline. A one-way ANOVA was performed to investigate differences in hormone levels measured in the three groups according to the noise exposure levels (35, 45, or 75 dB). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to adjust for confounding factors that might affect hormone levels. After adjusting for confounders, significant exposure-dependent differences were found in hormone levels in salivary cortisol, serum cortisol, serum ACTH, and serum adrenaline. The amount of hormonal increase in 75 dB exposure group compared to 35 or 45 dB groups was detected. Similar results were also seen in the rate of change analysis. Our findings indicate that short-term noise exposure during task performance elevates stress hormone levels. Further, the extent of stress hormone alterations varies with noise exposure levels. Changes in hormone levels are an objective measure that may be used to identify health effects and stress responses in various noise environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hee Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - A-Ram Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
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Ibiyemi T, Najam W, Oldewage-Theron W. Hungry, Stressed, and Away From "Home": Predictors of Food Security and Perceived Stress Among International Students. Am J Health Promot 2024:8901171241257092. [PMID: 38832401 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241257092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine the predictors of food security and perceived stress among international students. DESIGN Cross-sectional Design. SETTINGS A public university in the Southwest United States. SUBJECTS Sample size of Seventy-three participants (≥18 years). MEASURES Self-report measures of food insecurity and perceived stress. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module (AFSSM) to assess food security status, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questionnaire to evaluate stress levels. ANALYSIS Logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of food security and perceived stress. RESULTS Duration of stay in the U.S. was a predictor of food security status, while gender was a predictor of perceived stress. International students in the U.S. for less than a year had a lower chance of being food secure [OR (95% CI) = 0.22 (0.05 - 0.74)]. Female international students had a lower chance of experiencing low perceived stress [OR (95% CI) = 0.07 (0.00 - 0.51)]. CONCLUSION In supporting international students, targeted nutrition and stress management interventions should be emphasized, particularly for females and those who recently moved to the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope Ibiyemi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Agriculture and Nutrition Science, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT, USA
| | - Wasiuddin Najam
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Wilna Oldewage-Theron
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Sustainable Food Systems and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Republic of South Africa
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3
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Valcarce DG, Sellés-Egea A, Riesco MF, De Garnica MG, Martínez-Fernández B, Herráez MP, Robles V. Early stress exposure on zebrafish development: effects on survival, malformations and molecular alterations. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024:10.1007/s10695-024-01355-0. [PMID: 38743196 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The effects of stress during early vertebrate development can be especially harmful. Avoiding stressors in fish larvae is essential to ensure the health of adult fish and their reproductive performance and overall production. We examined the consequences of direct exposure to successive acute stressors during early development, including their effects on miR-29a and its targets, survival, hatching and malformation rates, larval behaviour and cartilage and eye development. Our aim was to shed light on the pleiotropic effects of early-induced stress in this vertebrate model species. Our results showed that direct exposure to successive acute stressors during early development significantly upregulated miR-29a and downregulated essential collagen transcripts col2a1a, col6a2 and col11a1a, decreased survival and increased malformation rates (swim bladder, otoliths, cardiac oedema and ocular malformations), promoting higher rates of immobility in larvae. Our results revealed that stress in early stages can induce different eye tissular architecture and cranioencephalic cartilage development alterations. Our research contributes to the understanding of the impact of stressful conditions during the early stages of zebrafish development, serving as a valuable model for vertebrate research. This holds paramount significance in the fields of developmental biology and aquaculture and also highlights miR-29a as a potential molecular marker for assessing novel larval rearing programmes in teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Valcarce
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Alba Sellés-Egea
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Marta F Riesco
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | | | | | - María Paz Herráez
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Vanesa Robles
- Cell Biology Area, Molecular Biology Department, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071, León, Spain.
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Yasoda-Mohan A, Faubert J, Ost J, Kropotov JD, Vanneste S. Investigating sensitivity to multi-domain prediction errors in chronic auditory phantom perception. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11036. [PMID: 38744906 PMCID: PMC11094085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The perception of a continuous phantom in a sensory domain in the absence of an external stimulus is explained as a maladaptive compensation of aberrant predictive coding, a proposed unified theory of brain functioning. If this were true, these changes would occur not only in the domain of the phantom percept but in other sensory domains as well. We confirm this hypothesis by using tinnitus (continuous phantom sound) as a model and probe the predictive coding mechanism using the established local-global oddball paradigm in both the auditory and visual domains. We observe that tinnitus patients are sensitive to changes in predictive coding not only in the auditory but also in the visual domain. We report changes in well-established components of event-related EEG such as the mismatch negativity. Furthermore, deviations in stimulus characteristics were correlated with the subjective tinnitus distress. These results provide an empirical confirmation that aberrant perceptions are a symptom of a higher-order systemic disorder transcending the domain of the percept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Yasoda-Mohan
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jocelyn Faubert
- Faubert Lab, School of Optometry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jan Ost
- Brain Research Center for Advanced International Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Juri D Kropotov
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Brain Research Center for Advanced International Innovative and Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Ghent, Belgium.
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Choi K, Lee J, Kim G, Lim Y, Kang HJ. Recovery of synaptic loss and depressive-like behavior induced by GATA1 through blocking of the neuroinflammatory response. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1369951. [PMID: 38784708 PMCID: PMC11112091 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1369951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
GATA1, a member of the GATA transcription factor family, is a critical factor in hematopoietic system development. In a previous study, we demonstrated the increased expression of GATA1 in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) of patients suffering from depression and described its role as a transcriptional repressor of synapse-related genes. In this study, we investigated how GATA1 globally altered gene expression using multi-omics approaches. Through the combined analyses of ChIPseq, mRNAseq, and small RNAseq, we profiled genes that are potentially affected by GATA1 in cultured cortical neurons, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that GATA1 might be associated with immune-related functions. We hypothesized that GATA1 induces immune activation, which has detrimental effects including synapse loss and depressive-like behavior. To test this hypothesis, we first performed a microglial morphometric analysis of a brain having overexpression of GATA1 because microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system. Fractal analysis showed that the ramification and process length of microglia decreased in brains having GATA1 overexpression compared to the control, suggesting that GATA1 overexpression increases the activation of microglia. Through flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analysis, we found that activated microglia showed pro-inflammatory phenotypes characterized by the expression of CD86 and CD68. Finally, we demonstrated that the effects of GATA1 overexpression including synapse loss and depressive-like behavior could be blocked by inhibiting microglial activation using minocycline. These results will elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of GATA1 that affect pathophysiological conditions such as depression and provide a potential target for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hyo Jung Kang
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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de Vries S, van Oost F, Smaling H, de Knegt N, Cluitmans P, Smits R, Meinders E. Real-time stress detection based on artificial intelligence for people with an intellectual disability. Assist Technol 2024; 36:232-240. [PMID: 37751530 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2023.2261045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
People with severe intellectual disabilities (ID) could have difficulty expressing their stress which may complicate timely responses from caregivers. The present study proposes an automatic stress detection system that can work in real-time. The system uses wearable sensors that record physiological signals in combination with machine learning to detect physiological changes related to stress. Four experiments were conducted to assess if the system could detect stress in people with and without ID. Three experiments were conducted with people without ID (n = 14, n = 18, and n = 48), and one observational study was done with people with ID (n = 12). To analyze if the system could detect stress, the performance of random, general, and personalized models was evaluated. The mixed ANOVA found a significant effect for model type, F(2, 134) = 116.50, p < .001. Additionally, the post-hoc t-tests found that the personalized model for the group with ID performed better than the random model, t(11) = 9.05, p < .001. The findings suggest that the personalized model can detect stress in people with and without ID. A larger-scale study is required to validate the system for people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan de Vries
- Research and Development, Mentech Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Fransje van Oost
- Research and Development, Mentech Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Smaling
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- University Network for the Care sector Zuid-Holland, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda de Knegt
- Prinsenstichting, Care center for people with intellectual disabilities, Purmerend, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre Cluitmans
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Reon Smits
- Research and Development, Mentech Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Meinders
- Research and Development, Mentech Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Nehme A, Moussa S, Fekih-Romdhane F, Hallit S, Obeid S, Haddad G. The mediating role of depression in the association between perceived financial wellbeing and somatization: a study in the context of Lebanon's financial crisis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38598249 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2341132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to examine the association between financial wellbeing and somatization, in addition to the mediating effect of anxiety, depression and stress. To test such hypotheses, a cross-sectional study was carried out between September and October 2021; 403 participants (264 females; age = 32.76 ± 13.24 years) were recruited. Depression mediated the association between financial wellbeing and somatization. A worse financial wellbeing was significantly associated with more depression, which was associated with more somatization. Moreover, a worse financial wellbeing was significantly and directly associated with more somatization. Our study adds to the narrow body of research revolving around the relationship between financial wellbeing and somatization in Lebanese adults. Understanding that the effects of, depression are aggravated in a country such as Lebanon would help establish more preventative guidelines and mental health awareness campaigns. Identifying the correlates of somatization can also be translated into improved interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Nehme
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Sara Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Georges Haddad
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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8
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Daniali R, Zeraati F, Mohammadi M, Haddadi R. The role of histamine H 1 receptor in the anterior cingulate cortex on nociception level following acute restraint stress in male rats. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1188. [PMID: 38483045 PMCID: PMC10938791 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the importance of pain and stress, we decided to investigate the intra-anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) microinjection of histamine and mepyramine alone and concurrently on acute pain induced by hot plate following restraint stress in male rats. 24-gauge, 10 mm stainless steel guide cannula was implanted over the ACC in the incised scalp of 4 groups. Restraint stress in healthy rats produced a significant increase (p < .05) in the pain threshold. The simultaneous microinjection of 4 μg/side histamine and 8 μg/side mepyramine as a histaminergic system inverse agonist in healthy nonrestraint animals did not affect the pain threshold. Although Histamine decreased the threshold of pain meaningfully, mepyramine elevated it in a significant manner (p < .05). In the restrained animals, intra-ACC microinjection of histamine produced no significant impact on the pain threshold. However, intra-ACC microinjection of mepyramine before histamine, significantly (p < .01) altered the result and enhanced the threshold of pain. The results of our study demonstrated that histaminergic neurons have an important role in the processing of pain in the ACC following restraint stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Daniali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of PharmacologyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Fatemeh Zeraati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of PharmacologyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Mozhdeh Mohammadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of PharmacologyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Rasool Haddadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of PharmacologyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
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Kappen M, Vanhollebeke G, Van Der Donckt J, Van Hoecke S, Vanderhasselt MA. Acoustic and prosodic speech features reflect physiological stress but not isolated negative affect: a multi-paradigm study on psychosocial stressors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5515. [PMID: 38448417 PMCID: PMC10918109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55550-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity in speech under stress has been a recurring issue in stress research, potentially due to varied stress induction paradigms. This study investigated speech features in semi-guided speech following two distinct psychosocial stress paradigms (Cyberball and MIST) and their respective control conditions. Only negative affect increased during Cyberball, while self-reported stress, skin conductance response rate, and negative affect increased during MIST. Fundamental frequency (F0), speech rate, and jitter significantly changed during MIST, but not Cyberball; HNR and shimmer showed no expected changes. The results indicate that observed speech features are robust in semi-guided speech and sensitive to stressors eliciting additional physiological stress responses, not solely decreases in negative affect. These differences between stressors may explain literature heterogeneity. Our findings support the potential of speech as a stress level biomarker, especially when stress elicits physiological reactions, similar to other biomarkers. This highlights its promise as a tool for measuring stress in everyday settings, considering its affordability, non-intrusiveness, and ease of collection. Future research should test these results' robustness and specificity in naturalistic settings, such as freely spoken speech and noisy environments while exploring and validating a broader range of informative speech features in the context of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchel Kappen
- Department of Head and Skin, Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, University Hospital Ghent (UZ Ghent), Ghent, Belgium.
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Gert Vanhollebeke
- Department of Head and Skin, Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, University Hospital Ghent (UZ Ghent), Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonas Van Der Donckt
- IDLab, Ghent University - Imec, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Van Hoecke
- IDLab, Ghent University - Imec, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- Department of Head and Skin, Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, University Hospital Ghent (UZ Ghent), Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Harit MK, Mundhe N, Tamoli S, Pawar V, Bhapkar V, Kolhe G, Mahadik S, Kulkarni A, Agarwal A. Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study of Passiflora incarnata in Participants With Stress and Sleep Problems. Cureus 2024; 16:e56530. [PMID: 38646244 PMCID: PMC11026993 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives SIVI is a standardized extract prepared using the aerial parts of Passiflora incarnata developed to enhance the quality of sleep. The objective of the present study was to the evaluate efficacy and safety of SIVI (Passiflora incarnata extract) in the management of stress and sleep problems in Indian participants in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical study. Materials and methods A total of 65 participants with stress and insomnia were randomized to two groups with 32 in the SIVI (Passiflora incarnata extract) group and 33 in the placebo group. Subjects were asked to take the test substance along with water at bedtime for 30 days. The Perceived Stress Scale, quality of life using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) scale, and Insomnia Severity Index were assessed on day 1, day 15, and day 30. Results Passiflora incarnata extract showed a statistically significant reduction in the mean score of stress on the Perceived Stress Scale and significantly increased the mean score of total sleep time compared to placebo. The general psychological health was found to be significantly improved in the SIVI (Passiflora incarnata extract) group compared to the placebo group on day 15 and day 30. SIVI (Passiflora incarnata extract) did not show any adverse effects. Conclusions The results of the current study indicate that Passiflora incarnata extract is beneficial in the management of stress and helps to improve sleep quality in subjects with stress and insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Harit
- Department of Sanskrit Samhita Siddhant, DY (Dnyandeo Yashwantrao) Patil Deemed to be University School of Ayurveda, Navi Mumbai, IND
| | - Narendra Mundhe
- Department of Kayachikitsa, KVTR (Karmvir Vyankatrao Tanaji Randhir) Ayurved College, Dhule, IND
| | - Sanjay Tamoli
- Department of Research, Target Institute of Medical Education and Research, Mumbai, IND
| | - Vinay Pawar
- Department of Sanskrit Samhita Siddhant, DY (Dnyandeo Yashwantrao) Patil Deemed to be University School of Ayurveda, Navi Mumbai, IND
| | - Vedvati Bhapkar
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, DY (Dnyandeo Yashwantrao) Patil Deemed to be University School of Ayurveda, Navi Mumbai, IND
| | - Ganesh Kolhe
- Department of Kayachikitsa, KVTR (Karmvir Vyankatrao Tanaji Randhir) Ayurved College, Dhule, IND
| | - Swapnali Mahadik
- Department of Research, Target Institute of Medical Education and Research, Mumbai, IND
| | - Anand Kulkarni
- Department of Research, JK (Jairamdass Khushiram) Botanicals Private Limited, Navi Mumbai, IND
| | - Ankit Agarwal
- Department of Research, JK (Jairamdass Khushiram) Botanicals Private Limited, Navi Mumbai, IND
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Raj Lakshmi RKR. Yoga for improving quality of life in contractual university teachers. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1370426. [PMID: 38469274 PMCID: PMC10925710 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1370426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
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12
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Nishimori M, Hayasaka N, Otsui K, Inoue N, Asakura J, Nagao M, Toh R, Ishida T, Hirata KI, Furuyashiki T, Shinohara M. Stress-induced stenotic vascular remodeling via reduction of plasma omega-3 fatty acid metabolite 4-oxoDHA by noradrenaline. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4178. [PMID: 38378892 PMCID: PMC10879168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress has garnered significant attention as a prominent risk factor for inflammation-related diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the precise mechanisms underlying stress-driven CVDs remain elusive, thereby impeding the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. To explore the correlation between plasma lipid metabolites and human depressive states, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) based analysis of plasma and the self-rating depression (SDS) scale questionnaire were employed. We also used a mouse model with restraint stress to study its effects on plasma lipid metabolites and stenotic vascular remodeling following carotid ligation. In vitro functional and mechanistic studies were performed using macrophages, endothelial cells, and neutrophil cells. We revealed a significant association between depressive state and reduced plasma levels of 4-oxoDHA, a specific omega-3 fatty acid metabolite biosynthesized by 5-lipoxygenase (LO), mainly in neutrophils. In mice, restraint stress decreased plasma 4-oxoDHA levels and exacerbated stenotic vascular remodeling, ameliorated by 4-oxoDHA supplementation. 4-oxoDHA enhanced Nrf2-HO-1 pathways, exerting anti-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells and macrophages. One of the stress hormones, noradrenaline, reduced 4-oxoDHA and the degraded 5-LO in neutrophils through the proteasome system, facilitated by dopamine D2-like receptor activation. Our study proposed circulating 4-oxoDHA levels as a stress biomarker and supplementation of 4-oxoDHA as a novel therapeutic approach for controlling stress-related vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Nishimori
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naomi Hayasaka
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazunori Otsui
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Junko Asakura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Nagao
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Nursing Practice, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yi L, Lin X, She X, Gao W, Wu M. Chronic stress as an emerging risk factor for the development and progression of glioma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:394-407. [PMID: 38238191 PMCID: PMC10876262 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Gliomas tend to have a poor prognosis and are the most common primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Compared with patients with other cancers, glioma patients often suffer from increased levels of psychological stress, such as anxiety and fear. Chronic stress (CS) is thought to impact glioma profoundly. However, because of the complex mechanisms underlying CS and variability in individual tolerance, the role of CS in glioma remains unclear. This review suggests a new proposal to redivide the stress system into two parts. Neuronal activity is dominant upstream. Stress-signaling molecules produced by the neuroendocrine system are dominant downstream. We discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms by which CS impacts glioma. Potential pharmacological treatments are also summarized from the therapeutic perspective of CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yi
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiaoling She
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Minghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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14
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Kunnath AJ, Sack DE, Wilkins CH. Relative predictive value of sociodemographic factors for chronic diseases among All of Us participants: a descriptive analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:405. [PMID: 38326799 PMCID: PMC10851469 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sociodemographic characteristics are associated with health disparities, the relative predictive value of different social and demographic factors remains largely unknown. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of All of Us participants and evaluate the predictive value of each factor for chronic diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis using de-identified survey data from the All of Us Research Program, which has collected social, demographic, and health information from adults living in the United States since May 2018. Sociodemographic data included self-reported age, sex, gender, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, income, education, health insurance, primary care provider (PCP) status, and health literacy scores. We analyzed the self-reported prevalence of hypertension, coronary artery disease, any cancer, skin cancer, lung disease, diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease. Finally, we assessed the relative importance of each sociodemographic factor for predicting each chronic disease using the adequacy index for each predictor from logistic regression. RESULTS Among the 372,050 participants in this analysis, the median age was 53 years, 59.8% reported female sex, and the most common racial/ethnic categories were White (54.0%), Black (19.9%), and Hispanic/Latino (16.7%). Participants who identified as Asian, Middle Eastern/North African, and White were the most likely to report annual incomes greater than $200,000, advanced degrees, and employer or union insurance, while participants who identified as Black, Hispanic, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander were the most likely to report annual incomes less than $10,000, less than a high school education, and Medicaid insurance. We found that age was most predictive of hypertension, coronary artery disease, any cancer, skin cancer, diabetes, obesity, and chronic kidney disease. Insurance type was most predictive of lung disease. Notably, no two health conditions had the same order of importance for sociodemographic factors. CONCLUSIONS Age was the best predictor for the assessed chronic diseases, but the relative predictive value of income, education, health insurance, PCP status, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation was highly variable across health conditions. Identifying the sociodemographic groups with the largest disparities in a specific disease can guide future interventions to promote health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansley J Kunnath
- Vanderbilt University Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel E Sack
- Vanderbilt University Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Consuelo H Wilkins
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End, Suite 600, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
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15
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Mason AE, Kasl P, Soltani S, Green A, Hartogensis W, Dilchert S, Chowdhary A, Pandya LS, Siwik CJ, Foster SL, Nyer M, Lowry CA, Raison CL, Hecht FM, Smarr BL. Elevated body temperature is associated with depressive symptoms: results from the TemPredict Study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1884. [PMID: 38316806 PMCID: PMC10844227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51567-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Correlations between altered body temperature and depression have been reported in small samples; greater confidence in these associations would provide a rationale for further examining potential mechanisms of depression related to body temperature regulation. We sought to test the hypotheses that greater depression symptom severity is associated with (1) higher body temperature, (2) smaller differences between body temperature when awake versus asleep, and (3) lower diurnal body temperature amplitude. Data collected included both self-reported body temperature (using standard thermometers), wearable sensor-assessed distal body temperature (using an off-the-shelf wearable sensor that collected minute-level physiological data), and self-reported depressive symptoms from > 20,000 participants over the course of ~ 7 months as part of the TemPredict Study. Higher self-reported and wearable sensor-assessed body temperatures when awake were associated with greater depression symptom severity. Lower diurnal body temperature amplitude, computed using wearable sensor-assessed distal body temperature data, tended to be associated with greater depression symptom severity, though this association did not achieve statistical significance. These findings, drawn from a large sample, replicate and expand upon prior data pointing to body temperature alterations as potentially relevant factors in depression etiology and may hold implications for development of novel approaches to the treatment of major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Mason
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Patrick Kasl
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Severine Soltani
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Abigail Green
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Hartogensis
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephan Dilchert
- Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Leena S Pandya
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chelsea J Siwik
- Department of Wellness and Preventative Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Simmie L Foster
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maren Nyer
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Charles L Raison
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Frederick M Hecht
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Smarr
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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16
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Kisker J, Schöne B. Regular use of acupressure mats reduces perceived stress at subjective but not psychophysiological levels: Insights from a three-week relaxation training. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024; 16:338-355. [PMID: 37715543 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Acupressure mats are promoted as stress management tools for easy and effective self-application, promising reduced stress and increased well-being. However, the scientific evidence for these effects is based on few experimental studies and lacks the examination of acupressure mats as a solitary relaxation tool. Our study aimed to examine which changes in stress and well-being can be expected from the use of acupressure mats by healthy young people on the subjective and psychophysiological level. Unexperienced participants practiced relaxation for three weeks either with an acupressure mat or without any tools (active control group [CG]). As a results, subjective well-being and stress decreased, while sleep quality and concentration endurance increased across groups. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), pain threshold and pain tolerance did not change significantly from pre- to post-training measurements. Most importantly, no significant differences were found between groups, indicating that training with an acupressure mat yielded no superior effects compared with an active control condition in healthy young students. As a conclusion, taking time to relax has some but limited beneficial effects on the subjective levels independent of the specific method for healthy students. Potential beneficial effects of acupressure mats might be bound to specific impairments, such as tension pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kisker
- Experimental Psychology I, Institute of Psychology, Osnabrück University, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schöne
- Experimental Psychology I, Institute of Psychology, Osnabrück University, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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17
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Do BK, Jang JH, Park GH. Effects of Corticosterone on Beta-Amyloid-Induced Cell Death in SH-SY5Y Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:77-83. [PMID: 38148553 PMCID: PMC10762270 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal cell death and memory impairment. Corticosterone (CORT) is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to a stressful condition. Excessive stress and high CORT levels are known to cause neurotoxicity and aggravate various diseases, whereas mild stress and low CORT levels exert beneficial actions under pathophysiological conditions. However, the effects of mild stress on AD have not been clearly elucidated yet. In this study, the effects of low (3 and 30 nM) CORT concentration on Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells and underlying molecular mechanisms have been investigated. Cytotoxicity caused by Aβ25-35 was significantly inhibited by the low concentration of CORT treatment in the cells. Furthermore, CORT pretreatment significantly reduced Aβ25-35-mediated pro-apoptotic signals, such as increased Bim/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 cleavage. Moreover, low concentration of CORT treatment inhibited the Aβ25-35-induced cyclooxygenase-2 and pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions, including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Aβ25-35 resulted in intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, which were effectively reduced by the low CORT concentration. As a molecular mechanism, low CORT concentration activated the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2, a redox-sensitive transcription factor mediating cellular defense and upregulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, glutamylcysteine synthetase, and manganese superoxide dismutase. These findings suggest that low CORT concentration exerts protective actions against Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity and might be used to treat and/or prevent AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyeong Do
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Hwan Park
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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18
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Dejene A, Carter Z, Woo E, Sun S, Loucks EB, Proulx J. The Evolution of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Teacher Training Programs for People Who Serve Historically Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Groups. GLOBAL ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE AND HEALTH 2024; 13:27536130241244744. [PMID: 38623412 PMCID: PMC11017240 DOI: 10.1177/27536130241244744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Background There is a lack of mindfulness instructors from underserved/underrepresented communities who have completed systematic mindfulness teacher-training programs to meet the growing demand for culturally responsive mindfulness training in those communities. Objectives To investigate strategies for increasing the representation of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) teachers who serve historically underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. Methods Conducted through 4 one-hour Zoom focus groups (n = 54; women = 74%), this study queried individuals with experience serving underrepresented racial and ethnic communities, and had mindfulness experience, on how to increase participation from underrepresented communities in mindfulness. Thematic analysis of transcripts of participant responses involved double-coding by three team members, supporting rigorous evaluation of the data. All respondents who expressed interest in participating enrolled (no dropout from study enrollment to participation in focus groups). Results The study identified four key themes that illuminate challenges and essential adaptations for MBSR teacher training aimed at individuals serving historically underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. These themes include: (1) Cost and time commitment; (2) Trauma sensitivity; (3) Cultural Awareness; and (4) Diversity in teachers. Conclusion Participants provided actionable recommendations poised to facilitate the expansion of MBSR into more diverse communities, emphasizing optimal benefits and effective communication of inherent healing strengths within these communities. The findings underscore the compelling interest among leaders in marginalized communities to extend the reach of MBSR through culturally responsive approaches. This involves guiding pertinent adjustments and encouraging greater involvement of underserved communities in MBSR teacher training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Dejene
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Zoie Carter
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Erin Woo
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Shufang Sun
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Eric B. Loucks
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jeffrey Proulx
- Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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19
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Kalfas M, Ayling K, Jia R, Coupland C, Vedhara K, Chalder T. Fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic - prevalence and predictors: findings from a prospective cohort study. Stress 2024; 27:2352117. [PMID: 38757166 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2024.2352117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent lockdowns had a substantial impact on mental health. Distress and fatigue are highly correlated. However, little is known about the determinants of fatigue in the general population during the pandemic. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and predictors of fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK population. Online surveys were completed by a UK community cohort in April 2020 (wave 1), July-September 2020 (wave 2) and November-December 2020 (wave 3). In total, 3097 participants completed the wave 1 survey, and 1385 and 1087 participants (85.4% women) completed wave 2 and 3 surveys respectively. Fatigue was assessed using the Chalder Fatigue Scale at waves 2 and 3. Hair samples were provided by 827 participants (90.6% women) at wave 1 and wave 2, which were analyzed to indicate HairE (stress hormone). The mean total fatigue score during wave 2 was 14.7 (SD = 4.7), significantly higher than pre-pandemic levels observed in the community (mean difference 0.50, p = .003). At wave 2, 614 (44.3%) participants met the case definition for fatigue, only 15.6% of whom indicated that fatigue lasted for more than 6 months (suggesting it had started prior to the pandemic). Predictors of fatigue at wave 3 included being in a risk group, depression and belief in having COVID-19, which explained 23.8% of the variability in fatigue scores. Depression at wave 1 was the only significant predictor of remaining a fatigue case at wave 3. Fatigue was highly prevalent in the UK community during the COVID-19 pandemic and limited people's daily function. Depression and sociodemographic variables were significant predictors of fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Kalfas
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kieran Ayling
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ru Jia
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Medical Science Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Carol Coupland
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Trudie Chalder
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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20
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Arthur Cully S, Björnsdotter M. Lateral prefrontal cortex thickness is associated with stress but not cognitive fatigue in exhaustion disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1314667. [PMID: 38193132 PMCID: PMC10772140 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1314667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Impaired executive functioning, including cognitive fatigue, is a core feature of the long-term stress-related condition exhaustion disorder (ED). Recent research suggests that a key area for executive control, the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), may be mechanistically linked to cognitive fatigue due to stress. Here, we therefore asked if and how stress, the LPFC and cognitive fatigue may be related in ED. Methods We used a multimodal cross-sectional study design with high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), self-reported measures, and path analysis modeling in 300 participants with ED. Results We found positive associations between stress and cognitive fatigue, and stress and LPFC thickness,but no association between LPFC thickness and cognitive fatigue. Furthermore, LPFC thickness did not mediate or moderate the association between stress and cognitive fatigue. Discussion These findings suggest that LPFC brain morphology is related to perceived stress levels but not cognitive fatigue, expanding previous research on the role of the LPFC in executive functioning. Moreover, the results support the notion that the LPFC may be mechanistically involved in stress-related executive function impairment but prompt further research into if and how this may be related to cognitive symptoms in ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Arthur Cully
- Department of Psychiatry for Affective Disorders, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin Björnsdotter
- Department of Psychiatry for Affective Disorders, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuropsychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Shao J, Chen Y, Gao D, Liu Y, Hu N, Yin L, Zhang X, Yang F. Ventromedial hypothalamus relays chronic stress inputs and exerts bidirectional regulation on anxiety state and related sympathetic activity. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1281919. [PMID: 38161999 PMCID: PMC10755867 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1281919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress can induce negative emotion states, including anxiety and depression, leading to sympathetic overactivation and disturbed physiological homeostasis in peripheral tissues. While anxiety-related neural circuitry integrates chronic stress information and modulates sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, the critical nodes linking anxiety and sympathetic activity still need to be clarified. In our previous study, we demonstrated that the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is involved in integrating chronic stress inputs and exerting influence on sympathetic activity. However, the underlying synaptic and electrophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we combined in vitro electrophysiological recordings, behavioral tests, optogenetic manipulations, and SNS activity analyses to explore the role of VMH in linking anxiety emotion and peripheral SNS activity. Results showed that the VMH played an important role in bidirectionally regulating anxiety-like behavior and peripheral sympathetic excitation. Chronic stress enhanced excitatory inputs into VMH neurons by strengthening the connection with the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVN), hence promoting anxiety and sympathetic tone outflow, an important factor contributing to the development of metabolic imbalance in peripheral tissues and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Dashuang Gao
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianghong Yin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Yang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
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22
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Mehdi S, Wani SUD, Krishna K, Kinattingal N, Roohi TF. A review on linking stress, depression, and insulin resistance via low-grade chronic inflammation. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36:101571. [PMID: 37965066 PMCID: PMC10641573 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is a disturbance in homeostasis caused by psychological, physiological, or environmental factors. Prolonged reactions to chronic stress can be detrimental, resulting in various metabolic abnormalities, referred to as metabolic syndrome (MS). There is a reciprocal increased risk between MS and major depressive disorder. Recent studies established an association between inflammation and insulin signaling in type 2 diabetes mellitus with depression. In the present review, we discuss chronic low-grade inflammation, pathways of insulin resistance, and brain glucose metabolism in the context of neuroinflammation and depression. Specific attention is given to psychotropic drugs such as bupropion, mirtazapine, and nefazodone, anti-inflammatory drugs like Celecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor), Etanercept, adalimumab, IL-4Ra antagonist, Anti-IL- 17A antibody (Ixekizumab) and lifestyle modifications including exercise, dietary changes, and sleep hygiene. These therapeutic solutions offer potential in treating depression by targeting metabolic conditions like insulin resistance and inflammatory pathways. The article further explains the significance of a nutrition and antioxidants-rich diet, emphasizing the role of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, zinc, and polyphenols, to improve immunity and activate anti-inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, 570 015, India
| | - Shahid Ud Din Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - K.L. Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, 570 015, India
| | - Nabeel Kinattingal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, 570 015, India
| | - Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, 570 015, India
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23
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Meeker JR, Strid P, Simeone R, D'Angelo DV, Dieke A, von Essen BS, Galang RR, Zapata LB, Ellington S. Pandemic-related stressors and mental health among women with a live birth in 2020. Arch Womens Ment Health 2023; 26:767-776. [PMID: 37608095 PMCID: PMC11025528 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-023-01364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this analysis was to assess the associations between pandemic-related stressors and feeling more anxious/depressed, among women with a live birth. We analyzed data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) COVID-19 maternal experiences supplement, implemented in 29 U.S. jurisdictions from October 2020-June 2021, among women with a live birth during April-December 2020. We examined stressors by type (economic, housing, childcare, food insecurity, partner, COVID-19 illness) and score (number of stressor types experienced [none, 1-2, 3-4, or 5-6]). Outcomes were feeling 1) more anxious and 2) more depressed than usual due to the pandemic. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios estimating associations between stressors and outcomes. Among 12,525 respondents, half reported feeling more anxious and 28% more depressed than usual. The prevalence of stressor types was 50% economic, 41% childcare, 18% partner, 17% food insecurity, 12% housing, and 10% COVID-19 illness. Respondents who experienced partner stressors (anxious aPR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.73-1.90; depressed aPR: 3.01, 95% CI: 2.78-3.25) and food insecurity (anxious aPR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.71-1.88; depressed aPR: 2.32, 95% CI: 2.13-2.53) had the largest associations with feeling more anxious and depressed than usual. As stressor scores increased, so did the aPRs for feeling more anxious and more depressed due to the pandemic. COVID-19 stressors, not COVID-19 illness, were found to be significantly associated with feeling more anxious and depressed. Pregnant and postpartum women might benefit from access to supports and services to address pandemic-related stressors/social-determinants and feelings of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Meeker
- USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS 107-2, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
| | - Penelope Strid
- USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS 107-2, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Regina Simeone
- USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS 107-2, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Denise V D'Angelo
- USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS 107-2, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Ada Dieke
- USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS 107-2, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | | | - Romeo R Galang
- USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS 107-2, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Lauren B Zapata
- USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS 107-2, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Sascha Ellington
- USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS 107-2, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
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Broche N, Gris V, Suda-Hashimoto N, Mouri K, Miyabe-Nishiwaki T, Suzuki J, Huffman MA. Housing relocation does not have to induce a significant stress response in captive Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). J Med Primatol 2023; 52:347-352. [PMID: 37525380 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that housing relocation may be stressful for captive non-human primates. Our study investigated the stress levels of Japanese macaques during a housing relocation by measuring their daily fecal cortisol metabolites, which are often used as an indicator of stress. METHODS Ten adult Japanese macaques, single-housed for research purposes, were relocated to a new facility. Fecal samples were collected daily for 7 days. Cortisol metabolite concentrations were determined via enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS No significant differences in cortisol metabolite levels were found in 7 days, but concentration levels showed that the highest median was associated to the relocation day. CONCLUSIONS The minimal cortisol metabolite increase suggests that there was a slight activity increase in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Techniques encouraging cooperation of the monkeys, the short time duration of the relocation, and consistency in the environment may have contributed to the minimal stress levels observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Broche
- Social Systems Evolution Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Inuyama Campus, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Vanessa Gris
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Naoko Suda-Hashimoto
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Keiko Mouri
- Social Systems Evolution Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Inuyama Campus, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Takako Miyabe-Nishiwaki
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Juri Suzuki
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Michael A Huffman
- Social Systems Evolution Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Inuyama Campus, Inuyama, Japan
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Vveinhardt J, Deikus M. The use of religious resources in helping victims of workplace mobbing. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1288354. [PMID: 38046125 PMCID: PMC10693446 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1288354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Research shows that in providing assistance to individuals who have experienced psychological traumas, it is beneficial not only to take into account the specific religious spiritual needs but also to employ religious resources. Although the role of religious counsellors using various psychological theories in helping to cope with traumatising experiences is acknowledged, there is still a lack of a conceptualising approach to the possibilities of employing religious resources used in Christian spiritual assistance, seeking to help cope with the effects of workplace mobbing. Therefore, this study aims to conceptualise the perspective of integrating Christian spiritual assistance resources in overcoming the individual consequences of workplace mobbing. This review is based on an interdisciplinary approach and abundant literature of psychology, psychotherapy and theology sciences. The article details the main physical, psychological and social aspects of damage to the person, caused by mobbing, which provide for a corresponding triple assistance perspective. After highlighting the essential resources provided by the Christian religion for coping with traumatic experiences, the necessity to consider the religious needs of the victims of mobbing is reasoned and the possibilities of using religious spiritual resources are discussed. In the context of helping victims of mobbing, two main functions of Christian spiritual assistance are distinguished and discussed: auxiliary and main. The results of this review are a useful resource for lay and religious counsellors and encourage their collaboration. The research findings also provide a basis for further research on the use of religious resources in the context of helping victims of mobbing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolita Vveinhardt
- Vytautas Kavolis Transdisciplinary Institute for Social Sciences and Humanities, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mykolas Deikus
- Department of Theology, Faculty of Catholic Theology, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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James DL, Larkey LK, Evans B, Sebren A, Goldsmith K, Ahlich E, Hawley NA, Kechter A, Sears DD. Mechanisms of improved body composition among perimenopausal women practicing Meditative Movement: a proposed biobehavioral model. Menopause 2023; 30:1114-1123. [PMID: 37788427 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Weight gain and unfavorable body composition are prevalent among midlife/older women throughout menopause. These shifts may negatively impact health, well-being, and longevity. Efforts to attenuate weight and body composition changes are traditionally driven by manipulation of diet and/or exercise; however, sustained results are limited, possibly because the full spectrum of biobehavioral systems is not addressed by diet and exercise alone. We propose a biobehavioral model detailing mechanisms of body composition decline among perimenopausal women and the associated components of Meditative Movement (ie, tai chi, qigong, yoga) that address each of these factors. METHODS Based on our previous work and extensive review of the literature, we developed a multifactorial and multidimensional biobehavioral model including factors that most directly relate to body composition among perimenopausal women: 1) psychological (ie, stress and mood, mindfulness and self-compassion, body awareness), 2) behavioral (ie, sleep, physical activity, eating behaviors), and 3) physiological (ie, cortisol, estrogen). Relationships between each factor, Meditative Movement practice components, and predicted effects on body composition were explored in detail. RESULTS Our model describes select psychological, behavioral, and physiological factors, and potential mechanistic pathways of Meditative Movement practice driving improved changes in body composition and weight outcomes for perimenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS The proposed model details a novel, evidence-supported means to reduce the risk of deleterious shifts in body composition throughout perimenopause and menopause thereafter. We suggest that these changes may occur directly and/or indirectly through psychological, behavioral, and physiological mechanisms that facilitate the desired changes in body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda K Larkey
- From the Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Bronwynne Evans
- From the Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Ann Sebren
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Kimberley Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erica Ahlich
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| | - Nanako A Hawley
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
| | | | - Dorothy D Sears
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
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Sarfika R, Wenny BP, Muliantino MR, Novrianda D, Saifudin IMMY. Exploring predictors of perceived stress: a cross-sectional study among nursing students during their clinical practice. J Res Nurs 2023; 28:469-482. [PMID: 38144970 PMCID: PMC10741266 DOI: 10.1177/17449871231198770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical practice is a demanding academic activity for nursing students, and a variety of factors can affect this perception. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of perceived stress among Indonesian nursing students during their clinical practice. Methods From September to November 2022, this cross-sectional investigation was carried out. Five questionnaires, including the socio-demographic, the PSS, the GHQ, the CBI, the MSPSS and the RSES, were completed by 208 participants. With significance set to p < 0.05, the Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were carried out. Results Coping strategies (r = 0.20, p < 0.01), overall health (r = 0.50, p < 0.01), social support (r = -0.34, p < 0.01) and self-esteem (r = -0.51, p < 0.01) were all substantially linked with perceived stress. Furthermore, age (β = -0.22, p < 0.001), coping style (β = 0.22, p < 0.001) and self-esteem (β = -0.42, p < 0.001) substantially predicted perceived stress among nursing students. Conclusion The study's findings revealed strong relationships between perceived stress and general health, coping mechanisms, self-esteem and social support. These results can be utilised as evidence to help educators and other stakeholders develop programmes that effectively manage stress among nursing students during their clinical rotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Sarfika
- Assistant Professor, Department of Mental Health and Community, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
| | - Bunga Permata Wenny
- Assistant Professor, Department of Mental Health and Community, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
| | | | - Dwi Novrianda
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric and Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
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Curtiss J, Griffiths P, Stephenson KG, Puthoff TD, Ahlsson F, Bapat R, Lendrum-Gatten B, Lindamood K, Lumbaca L, Mehling M, Peck LH, Stonestreet BS, Susey K, Susi M, Zhang H, Lynch S. The Optimal State Scoring Tool: guidance for interdisciplinary care of infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia and its relation to linear growth. J Perinatol 2023; 43:1301-1307. [PMID: 37185366 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-023-01680-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (sBPD) have complex medical courses. We developed the clinician-rated Optimal State Scoring Tool (OSST) that measures factors relevant to clinical improvement of sBPD and investigated preliminary validity using linear growth outcome and OSST scores in sBPD patients. METHODS Tool development process and pilot findings are provided for 13 patients evaluated longitudinally. OSST scores, length measurements, and steroid dependency values were obtained. Changes in OSST scores and lengths were examined using linear mixed-effect models. RESULTS OSST scores were significantly correlated with linear growth (95% CI 0.36, 0.57). The steroid-dependent group showed significantly slower rate of linear growth (95% CI 0.74, 1.05) and slower rate of increase in OSST scores (95% CI 0.99, 2.13) compared to the non-steroid-dependent group, with the OSST showing the largest effect size. CONCLUSION Pilot data reflect promising evidence for OSST construct validity in monitoring clinical outcomes in sBPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Curtiss
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Lactation, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Pamela Griffiths
- Department of Neonatology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kevin G Stephenson
- Department of Psychology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Teresa D Puthoff
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fredrik Ahlsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roopali Bapat
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Leah Lumbaca
- Department of Neonatal Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Margaret Mehling
- Department of Psychology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lauren H Peck
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Barbara S Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kelly Susey
- Department of Neonatal Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Molly Susi
- Department of Neonatal Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Huayan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan Lynch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina System, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Bjornson KJ, Vanderplow AM, Yang Y, Anderson DR, Kermath BA, Cahill ME. Stress-mediated dysregulation of the Rap1 small GTPase impairs hippocampal structure and function. iScience 2023; 26:107566. [PMID: 37664580 PMCID: PMC10470260 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of repeated stress on cognitive impairment are thought to be mediated, at least in part, by reductions in the stability of dendritic spines in brain regions critical for proper learning and memory, including the hippocampus. Small GTPases are particularly potent regulators of dendritic spine formation, stability, and morphology in hippocampal neurons. Through the use of small GTPase protein profiling in mice, we identify increased levels of synaptic Rap1 in the hippocampal CA3 region in response to escalating, intermittent stress. We then demonstrate that increased Rap1 in the CA3 is sufficient in and of itself to produce stress-relevant dendritic spine and cognitive phenotypes. Further, using super-resolution imaging, we investigate how the pattern of Rap1 trafficking to synapses likely underlies its effects on the stability of select dendritic spine subtypes. These findings illuminate the involvement of aberrant Rap1 regulation in the hippocampus in contributing to the psychobiological effects of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J. Bjornson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Amanda M. Vanderplow
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yezi Yang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Danielle R. Anderson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Bailey A. Kermath
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Michael E. Cahill
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Esposito S, Deolmi M, Ramundo G, Puntoni M, Caminiti C, Principi N. True prevalence of long COVID in children: a narrative review. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1225952. [PMID: 37789860 PMCID: PMC10543413 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1225952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Contrary to what is true for adults, little is known about pediatric long COVID (LC). Studies enrolling children are relatively few and extremely heterogeneous. This does not allow to draw definitive conclusions on the frequency and pathogenesis of pediatric LC and limits the development of appropriate and effective measures to contain the clinical, social and economic impact of this condition on the pediatric population. Depending on the methods used to collect and analyze data, studies have found that the incidence rate of pediatric LC may vary from about 25% to less than 5%. However, despite true prevalence of pediatric LC cannot be exactly defined, studies comparing children with previous COVID-19 and uninfected controls have shown that most of the clinical manifestations detected in infected children, mainly mood symptoms, mental health disorders and heart abnormalities could be diagnosed with similar frequency and severity in uninfected subjects also. This seems to indicate that SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of pediatric LC only in a part of children and other factors play a relevant role in this regard. Pandemic itself with the persistent disruption of child lives may have caused persistent stress in all the pediatric population causing mood symptoms, mental health disorders or several organ and body system functional alterations, regardless SARS-CoV-2 infection. These suppositions suggest the need for long-term physical control of all the children after COVID-19 especially when they were already suffering from an underlying disease or have had a severe disease. Moreover, attention should be paid to the assessment of change in children's emotional and behavioral functioning in order to assure adequate interventions for the best emotional and behavioral well being. However, whatever its origin, it seems highly likely that the prevalence of the pediatric LC is set to decline in the future. Preliminary observations seem to suggest that recently developed SARS-CoV-2 variants are associated with less severe COVID-19. This suggests that, as already seen in adults, a lower number of pediatric virus-associated LC cases should occur. Furthermore, the use of COVID-19 vaccines, reducing incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, may reduce risk of LC development. Finally, elimination of restrictive measures should significantly reduce mood symptoms and mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Michela Deolmi
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Greta Ramundo
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Puntoni
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Caterina Caminiti
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Staines L, Healy C, Kelleher I, Cotter D, Burns A, Cannon M. The association between transient childhood psychotic experiences and psychosocial outcomes in young adulthood: Examining the role of mental disorders and adult attachment. Early Interv Psychiatry 2023; 17:901-909. [PMID: 36646439 PMCID: PMC10947326 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM Evidence suggest individuals with mental disorders and psychotic experiences (PE), even transient PE, show poorer psychosocial outcomes relative to those with mental disorders. The concept of "attachment" is hypothesized as the mechanism by which people seek support in times of need. This can be measured as discrete styles or as positive (low avoidance/anxiety)/negative (high avoidance/anxiety) dimensions. Adult attachment has previously been examined on PE risk factors, but not outcomes. This study aimed to examine the relationship between transient childhood PE and adult psychosocial outcomes, comparing those with and without mental disorders. Second, to examine the role of adult attachment. METHOD Participants (n = 103) attended baseline (age 11-13) and 10-year follow-up. PE and mental disorders were measured using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children. Attachment and outcomes were measured using self-report measures. Analysis compared those with PE (with/without mental disorders), and mental disorders without PE, to controls, using linear and Poisson regression. RESULTS PE was associated with lower self-esteem (β = -2.28, p = .03), perceived social support from friends (β = -2.80, p = .01), and higher stress in platonic relationships (IRR = 1.64). PE and mental disorders were associated with lower self-esteem (β = -5.74, p = .002), higher stress in romantic (IRR = 1.40) and platonic (IRR = 1.59) relationships, general stress (β = 5.60, p = .006), and mental distress (β = 5.67, p = .001). Mental disorders alone was not associated with any measure. Adult attachment dimensions attenuated some results. CONCLUSIONS This paper illustrates the association between transient PE and adult psychosocial outcomes, with & without co-occurring mental disorders, and demonstrates the role of adult attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna Staines
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Psychiatry, Education and Research CentreBeaumont HospitalDublinIreland
| | - Colm Healy
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Psychiatry, Education and Research CentreBeaumont HospitalDublinIreland
| | - Ian Kelleher
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Psychiatry, Education and Research CentreBeaumont HospitalDublinIreland
- Division of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - David Cotter
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Psychiatry, Education and Research CentreBeaumont HospitalDublinIreland
- Department of PsychiatryBeaumont HospitalDublinIreland
| | - Annette Burns
- Bamford Centre for Mental Health and Well BeingUlster UniversityColeraineUK
| | - Mary Cannon
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Psychiatry, Education and Research CentreBeaumont HospitalDublinIreland
- Department of PsychiatryBeaumont HospitalDublinIreland
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Paganini S, Meier E, Terhorst Y, Wurst R, Hohberg V, Schultchen D, Strahler J, Wursthorn M, Baumeister H, Messner EM. Stress Management Apps: Systematic Search and Multidimensional Assessment of Quality and Characteristics. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2023; 11:e42415. [PMID: 37642999 PMCID: PMC10498318 DOI: 10.2196/42415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress poses risks for physical and mental well-being. Stress management interventions have been shown to be effective, and stress management apps (SMAs) might help to transfer strategies into everyday life. OBJECTIVE This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the quality and characteristics of SMAs to give potential users or health professionals a guideline when searching for SMAs in common app stores. METHODS SMAs were identified with a systematic search in the European Google Play Store and Apple App Store. SMAs were screened and checked according to the inclusion criteria. General characteristics and quality were assessed by 2 independent raters using the German Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS-G). The MARS-G assesses quality (range 1 to 5) on the following four dimensions: (1) engagement, (2) functionality, (3) esthetics, and (4) information. In addition, the theory-based stress management strategies, evidence base, long-term availability, and common characteristics of the 5 top-rated SMAs were assessed and derived. RESULTS Of 2044 identified apps, 121 SMAs were included. Frequently implemented strategies (also in the 5 top-rated SMAs) were psychoeducation, breathing, and mindfulness, as well as the use of monitoring and reminder functions. Of the 121 SMAs, 111 (91.7%) provided a privacy policy, but only 44 (36.4%) required an active confirmation of informed consent. Data sharing with third parties was disclosed in only 14.0% (17/121) of the SMAs. The average quality of the included apps was above the cutoff score of 3.5 (mean 3.59, SD 0.50). The MARS-G dimensions yielded values above this cutoff score (functionality: mean 4.14, SD 0.47; esthetics: mean 3.76, SD 0.73) and below this score (information: mean 3.42, SD 0.46; engagement: mean 3.05, SD 0.78). Most theory-based stress management strategies were regenerative stress management strategies. The evidence base for 9.1% (11/121) of the SMAs could be identified, indicating significant group differences in several variables (eg, stress or depressive symptoms) in favor of SMAs. Moreover, 38.0% (46/121) of the SMAs were no longer available after a 2-year period. CONCLUSIONS The moderate information quality, scarce evidence base, constraints in data privacy and security features, and high volatility of SMAs pose challenges for users, health professionals, and researchers. However, owing to the scalability of SMAs and the few but promising results regarding their effectiveness, they have a high potential to reach and help a broad audience. For a holistic stress management approach, SMAs could benefit from a broader repertoire of strategies, such as more instrumental and mental stress management strategies. The common characteristics of SMAs with top-rated quality can be used as guidance for potential users and health professionals, but owing to the high volatility of SMAs, enhanced evaluation frameworks are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Paganini
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Meier
- University of Education Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ramona Wurst
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vivien Hohberg
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dana Schultchen
- Clinical and Health Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jana Strahler
- Department of Sport Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Max Wursthorn
- Department of Public and Nonprofit Management, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Barbalat G, Tanguy Melac A, Zante E, Haesebaert F, Franck N. Predictors of mental well-being over the first lockdown period due to the COVID-19 pandemic in France. A repeated cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1234023. [PMID: 37701911 PMCID: PMC10493269 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1234023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Numerous studies have investigated the positive and negative effects of potential predictors of well-being during lockdowns due to COVID-19. Yet, little is known on whether these effects significantly changed with time spent in lockdown. In the current study, we described the association of mental well-being with a large number of background characteristics (e.g., socio-demographic or health-related factors), COVID-related factors, and coping strategies, over the duration of the first lockdown due to COVID-19 in France. Methods A nationwide online survey was conducted over 7 of the 8 weeks of the 1st lockdown in France, i.e., from 25 March 2020 to 10 May 2020. The level of mental well-being was reported using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). We also measured various background characteristics (e.g., age, sex, education, health issues), COVID-related factors (e.g., health and economic risks, agreement with lockdown), and coping strategies. Our analytical strategy enabled us to disentangle effects aggregated over the study period from those that linearly vary with time spent in lockdown. Results Our final dataset included 18,957 participants. The level of mental well-being dropped gradually from the third to the eighth week of lockdown [49.7 (sd 7.9) to 45.5 (sd 10.6)]. Time in lockdown was associated with a decrease in well-being (for each additional 10 days of lockdown: B = -0.30, 95%CI: -0.62, -0.15). Factors that showed significantly negative and positive effects on well-being as time in lockdown progressed were (for each additional 10 days of lockdown): having current psychiatric problems (B = -0.37; 95%CI: -0.63, -0.04), worries about having access to personal protective equipment (B = -0.09; 95%CI: -0.18, -0.01), coping by having positive beliefs about the future of the pandemics (B = 0.29; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.62), being supported by neighbors (B = 0.24; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.44), and being involved in collective actions (B = 0.23; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.46). Discussion Participants from our sample saw a drop in their mental well-being throughout the first period of COVID-19 lockdown. Policymakers should be mindful of factors contributing to greater deterioration of mental well-being over time, such as having current psychiatric issues. Promoting collective actions and local support from neighbors may alleviate the deterioration of mental well-being over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Barbalat
- Centre Ressource de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, Centre hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
- UMR 5229, CNRS and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Pôle Centre rive gauche, Centre hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | | | - Elodie Zante
- Centre Ressource de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, Centre hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Frédéric Haesebaert
- Centre Ressource de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, Centre hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
- PSYR2, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, CRNL, Université de Lyon, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Franck
- Centre Ressource de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, Centre hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
- UMR 5229, CNRS and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Pôle Centre rive gauche, Centre hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
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Kunasegaran K, Ismail AMH, Ramasamy S, Gnanou JV, Caszo BA, Chen PL. Understanding mental fatigue and its detection: a comparative analysis of assessments and tools. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15744. [PMID: 37637168 PMCID: PMC10460155 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental fatigue has shown to be one of the root causes of decreased productivity and overall cognitive performance, by decreasing an individual's ability to inhibit responses, process information and concentrate. The effects of mental fatigue have led to occupational errors and motorway accidents. Early detection of mental fatigue can prevent the escalation of symptoms that may lead to chronic fatigue syndrome and other disorders. To date, in clinical settings, the assessment of mental fatigue and stress is done through self-reported questionnaires. The validity of these questionnaires is questionable, as they are highly subjective measurement tools and are not immune to response biases. This review examines the wider presence of mental fatigue in the general population and critically compares its various detection techniques (i.e., self-reporting questionnaires, heart rate variability, salivary cortisol levels, electroencephalogram, and saccadic eye movements). The ability of these detection tools to assess inhibition responses (which are sensitive enough to be manifested in a fatigue state) is specifically evaluated for a reliable marker in identifying mentally fatigued individuals. In laboratory settings, antisaccade tasks have been long used to assess inhibitory control and this technique can potentially serve as the most promising assessment tool to objectively detect mental fatigue. However, more studies need to be conducted in the future to validate and correlate this assessment with other existing measures of mental fatigue detection. This review is intended for, but not limited to, mental health professionals, digital health scientists, vision researchers, and behavioral scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveena Kunasegaran
- Department of Psychology, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Shamala Ramasamy
- Department of Psychology, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Justin Vijay Gnanou
- Department of Biochemistry, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Brinnell Annette Caszo
- Department of Physiology, International Medial University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Po Ling Chen
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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Galatis D, Benekos C, Karachalios PK, Strongylos A, Anifantaki F, Dalivigkas I, Monastiriotis A, Kiriakopoulos N. Stress Response Assessment between First and Second Elective Caesarean Sections by Comparing Cortisol Levels. Acta Med Acad 2023; 52:112-118. [PMID: 37933508 DOI: 10.5644/ama2006-124.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the stress response produced during elective CS for the first and second time. For that goal, cortisol blood levels before, during and after childbirth were measured. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed this prospective observational study during the period of September 2020 to September 2021. Blood samples were taken from all participants at three different stages. A statistical analysis was performed to compare the CS1 (first elective Caesarean) and CS2 (second elective Caesarean) groups. RESULTS At every stage, the levels of cortisol were statistically higher in the CS1 group than in the CS2 group. Therefore, CS2 generates a significantly less stressful response than CS1. Between stages, in CS2 cortisol was lowered at a faster rate than in CS1, meaning the stress response initiated was present for a longer time period in the CS1 group. CONCLUSION A second elective caesarean section is a safe procedure that does not place an unnecessary burden upon the mother. This is an important fact that practitioners can rely upon while designing the ideal management of a pregnant woman for the stressful environment of birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysios Galatis
- V' Department of Ob/Gyn, Helena Venizelou, General and Maternity Hospital of Athens, Greece.
| | - Christos Benekos
- V' Department of Ob/Gyn, Helena Venizelou, General and Maternity Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Antonios Strongylos
- V' Department of Ob/Gyn, Helena Venizelou, General and Maternity Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Foteini Anifantaki
- V' Department of Ob/Gyn, Helena Venizelou, General and Maternity Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Dalivigkas
- V' Department of Ob/Gyn, Helena Venizelou, General and Maternity Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Argyrios Monastiriotis
- V' Department of Ob/Gyn, Helena Venizelou, General and Maternity Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kiriakopoulos
- V' Department of Ob/Gyn, Helena Venizelou, General and Maternity Hospital of Athens, Greece
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Liang Q, Wang L, Xu J, Lin A, Wu Y, Tao Q, Zhang B, Min H, Song S, Gao Q. A burns and COVID-19 shared stress responding gene network deciphers CD1C-CD141- DCs as the key cellular components in septic prognosis. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:258. [PMID: 37488118 PMCID: PMC10366195 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential body responses to various stresses, infectious or noninfectious, govern clinical outcomes ranging from asymptoma to death. However, the common molecular and cellular nature of the stress responsome across different stimuli is not described. In this study, we compared the expression behaviors between burns and COVID-19 infection by choosing the transcriptome of peripheral blood from related patients as the analytic target since the blood cells reflect the systemic landscape of immune status. To this end, we identified an immune co-stimulator (CD86)-centered network, named stress-response core (SRC), which was robustly co-expressed in burns and COVID-19. The enhancement of SRC genes (SRCs) expression indicated favorable prognosis and less severity in both conditions. An independent whole blood single-cell RNA sequencing of COVID-19 patients demonstrated that the monocyte-dendritic cell (Mono-DC) wing was the major cellular source of SRC, among which the higher expression of the SRCs in the monocyte was associated with the asymptomatic COVID-19 patients, while the quantity-restricted and function-defected CD1C-CD141-DCs were recognized as the key signature which linked to bad consequences. Specifically, the proportion of the CD1C-CD141-DCs and their SRCs expression were step-wise reduced along with worse clinic conditions while the subcluster of CD1C-CD141-DCs from the critical COVID-19 patients was characterized of IFN signaling quiescence, high mitochondrial metabolism and immune-communication inactivation. Thus, our study identified an expression-synchronized and function-focused gene network in Mono-DC population whose expression status was prognosis-related and might serve as a new target of diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yongzheng Wu
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Tao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Haiyan Min
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Shiyu Song
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Qian Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Mei Y, Yang X, Liu C, Li Y, Gui J, Zhang L. The impact of psychological resilience on chronic patients' depression during the dynamic Zero-COVID policy: the mediating role of stigma and the moderating role of sleep quality. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:213. [PMID: 37480116 PMCID: PMC10362636 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic patients are experiencing depression caused by themselves or the surrounding environment, how to cope with the change of mentality and adjust the psychological stress response, especially under the background of the current dynamic Zero-COVID policy in China, is a problem worth further discussion. The researchers constructed a mediating regulation model to test the influence of psychological resilience on depression of chronic patients during dynamic Zero-COVID, as well as the mediating role of stigma and the moderating role of sleep. METHOD From October 2021 to February 2022, this study used a multi-stage sampling method and random number table method to collect data in the Shang Cheng District of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Firstly, the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University School of Medicine, a third-class hospital was randomly selected from the Shang Cheng District. Secondly, three departments were strategically selected from this hospital: endocrinology, dermatology, and traditional Chinese medicine. Thirdly, survey points were set up in each department, and chronic patients were strategically selected for questionnaire surveys. Finally, a face-to-face survey was conducted on 398 chronic patients who met the criteria for inclusion. In addition, chronic medical illness burden was assessed using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatrics (CIRS-G), psychological resilience was measured by the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), stigma was measured by the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI), sleep was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and depression was estimated by the Patient Health Questionaire-9(PHQ-9). SPSS (version 25.0) and PROCESS (version 4.0) were used for correlation analysis, mediation analysis, and mediated moderation analysis. RESULTS Psychological resilience was negatively correlated with depression, stigma, and sleep. Depression was positively correlated with stigma and sleep. Stigma and sleep were positively correlated; Stigma played a mediating role in the relationship between psychological resilience and depression; Sleep moderated the first half of the pathway "psychological resilience [Formula: see text] stigma [Formula: see text] depression". CONCLUSION Psychological resilience affected depression directly and indirectly through stigma. At the same time, sleep played a moderating role between psychological resilience and depression. The correlation between psychological resilience and stigma was stronger when levels of sleep levels were higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Mei
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Changjun Liu
- School of Marxism, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiaofeng Gui
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, An Hui Province, P.R. China.
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Al-Mahrouqi T, Chan MF, Al-Mukhaini M, Al Shehi M, Al-Huseini S, Jahan F, Al Balushi N, Panchatcharam SM, Al Alawi M. The differential mediating roles of resilience in the relationship between meaningful living and stress among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11671. [PMID: 37468654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38975-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The current literature, mostly Euro-American based, indicates that the presence of meaning in life (MIL) improves resilience and lowers stress. However, the differential mediating roles of resilience in the relationship between the search for and presence of MIL, and stress have not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the differential mediating roles of resilience in the relationship between the presence of and search for MIL, and stress among Omani college students amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study consisted of the Brief Resilience Scale, Perceived Stress Scale 4, and Meaning in Life Questionnaire, as well as socio-demographic questions. A path analysis model was used to examine the hypothesis. A total of 970 Omani college students responded to the questionnaire. Findings indicate that searching for MIL was significantly associated with a high level of stress directly (β = 0.023; p < 0.001) and indirectly, through a negative effect on resilience (β = 0.006; p < 0.001). Conversely, the presence of MIL was significantly associated with a decreased level of stress directly (β = - 0.045; p < 0.001) and indirectly via a positive effect on resilience (β = - 0.151; p < 0.001). In keeping with the proposed hypothesis, this study contributes to the current knowledge, by extrapolating the effect of searching for MIL on resilience and stress, and culturally re-contextualizing MIL research. University counseling centers could adopt meaning-based strategies to mitigate stress by promoting meaningful living and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamadhir Al-Mahrouqi
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat, Oman
| | - Moon Fai Chan
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Maryam Al-Mukhaini
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Oman
| | - Manar Al Shehi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Oman
| | - Salim Al-Huseini
- Behavioral Medicine Department, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud, Muscat, Oman
| | - Firdous Jahan
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Oman
| | - Naser Al Balushi
- Behavioral Medicine Department, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Mohammed Al Alawi
- Behavioral Medicine Department, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud, Muscat, Oman.
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Oliveira FB, Mougouei D, Haque A, Sichman JS, Dam HK, Evans S, Ghose A, Singh MP. Beyond fear and anger: A global analysis of emotional response to Covid-19 news on Twitter using deep learning. ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS AND MEDIA 2023:100253. [PMID: 37360968 PMCID: PMC10266509 DOI: 10.1016/j.osnem.2023.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The media has been used to disseminate public information amid the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the Covid-19 news has triggered emotional responses in people that have impacted their mental well-being and led to news avoidance. To understand the emotional response to the Covid-19 news, we study user comments on the news published on Twitter by 37 media outlets in 11 countries from January 2020 to December 2022. We employ a deep-learning-based model to identify one of the 6 Ekman's basic emotions, or the absence of emotional expression, in comments to the Covid-19 news, and an implementation of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to identify 12 different topics in the news messages. Our analysis finds that while nearly half of the user comments show no significant emotions, negative emotions are more common. Anger is the most common emotion, particularly in the media and comments about political responses and governmental actions in the United States. Joy, on the other hand, is mainly linked to media outlets from the Philippines and news on vaccination. Over time, anger is consistently the most prevalent emotion, with fear being most prevalent at the start of the pandemic but decreasing and occasionally spiking with news of Covid-19 variants, cases, and deaths. Emotions also vary across media outlets, with Fox News having the highest level of disgust, the second-highest level of anger, and the lowest level of fear. Sadness is highest at Citizen TV, SABC, and Nation Africa, all three African media outlets. Also, fear is most evident in the comments to the news from The Times of India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanul Haque
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Hoa Khanh Dam
- University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Aditya Ghose
- University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Shanmugasundaram D, Roza JM. Effect of Broad-Spectrum Hemp Extract on Neurobehavioral Activity on the Immobilization Stress-Induced Model in Sprague Dawley Rats. ScientificWorldJournal 2023; 2023:3425576. [PMID: 37332853 PMCID: PMC10276760 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3425576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Broad-spectrum hemp extract is expected to be a promising new intervention for managing stress and anxiety. Research has shown that the cannabinoids found in Cannabis sativa, such as cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabigerol (CBG), possess anxiolytic properties that can positively impact mood and stress. Methods In the current study, a broad-spectrum, nondetectable THC hemp extract with other minor cannabinoids (broad-spectrum hemp extract) was administered at 28 mg/kg·bw to evaluate its anxiolytic properties. This was performed using various behavioural models and biomarkers for oxidative stress. In addition, a 300 mg/kg·bw of Ashwagandha root extract was also incorporated to compare its effects on relieving stress and anxiety. Results The decreased levels of lipid peroxidation were measured in broad-spectrum hemp extract (36 nmol/ml), Ashwagandha (37 nmol/ml), and induction control (49 nmol/ml) treated groups of animals. The levels of 2-AG decreased in the broad-spectrum hemp extract (1.5 ng/ml), Ashwagandha (1.2 ng/ml), and induction control (2.3 ng/ml) treated groups of animals. The levels of FAAH decreased in broad-spectrum hemp extract (1.6 ng/ml), Ashwagandha (1.7 ng/ml), and induction control (1.9 ng/ml) treated groups of animals. The levels of catalase increased in broad-spectrum hemp extract (35 ng/ml), Ashwagandha (37 ng/ml), and induction control (17 ng/ml) treated groups of animals. Similarly, increased levels of glutathione were found in broad-spectrum hemp extract (30 ng/ml), Ashwagandha (27 ng/ml), and induction control (16 ng/ml) treated groups of animals. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that broad-spectrum hemp extract inhibited the biomarkers for oxidative stress. Also, certain behavioural parameters showed improvements with respect to both the ingredient administered groups.
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Abeasi DA, Nkosi NG, Suglo JN. Well-being focused interventions for caregivers of children with developmental disabilities: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066179. [PMID: 37080621 PMCID: PMC10124195 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with developmental disability (DD) may depend on their family caregivers to fulfil their complex health needs. Family caregivers are generally described as persons providing unpaid for services for the child with DD at home who need to be supported in a manner that supports and promotes his/her well-being. This review aims to identify and map the range of interventions available for caregivers of children between the ages of 5-16 with DD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The methodological framework for conducting scoping review as published by Arksey and O'Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines will used in this study. Primary research articles will be obtained through a systematic search of CINAHL, Psych INFO, PubMed, ERIC and COCHRANE Library. Further grey literature will be obtained from Google Scholar search. Study selection process will be done by two independent researchers based on a predetermined inclusion criteria. Review findings comprising interventions, intervention components and outcomes will be presented using tables and narrative text. DISCUSSION The proposed scoping review will give an extensive review of interventions aimed at improving the well-being of caregivers of children with DD. This scoping review would provide recommendations on interventions that have significantly improved the well-being caregivers of children with DD. Additionally, the review would guide future work on intervention development and primary research in this field. REGISTRATION This scoping review protocol has been registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/tkbrh).
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Asantewa Abeasi
- Nursing Science Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Presbyterian University, Abetifi, Ghana
| | - Nokuthula Gloria Nkosi
- Nursing Science Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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James KA, Stromin JI, Steenkamp N, Combrinck MI. Understanding the relationships between physiological and psychosocial stress, cortisol and cognition. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1085950. [PMID: 36950689 PMCID: PMC10025564 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1085950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is viewed as a state of real or perceived threat to homeostasis, the management of which involves the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems. These systems work independently and interactively as part of the stress response. The scientific stress literature, which spans both animal and human studies, contains heterogeneous findings about the effects of stress on the brain and the body. This review seeks to summarise and integrate literature on the relationships between these systems, examining particularly the roles of physiological and psychosocial stress, the stress hormone cortisol, as controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and the effects of stress on cognitive functioning. Health conditions related to impaired HPA axis functioning and their associated neuropsychiatric symptoms will also be considered. Lastly, this review will provide suggestions of clinical applicability for endocrinologists who are uniquely placed to measure outcomes related to endocrine, nervous and immune system functioning and identify areas of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Ann James
- Applied Cognitive Science and Experimental Neuropsychology Team (ACSENT) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Juliet Ilena Stromin
- Applied Cognitive Science and Experimental Neuropsychology Team (ACSENT) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nina Steenkamp
- Applied Cognitive Science and Experimental Neuropsychology Team (ACSENT) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marc Irwin Combrinck
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Baumann H, Heuel L, Bischoff LL, Wollesen B. mHealth interventions to reduce stress in healthcare workers (fitcor): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:163. [PMID: 36869368 PMCID: PMC9985281 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Causes and consequences of chronic stress levels in the context of healthcare work are well examined. Nevertheless, the implementation and evaluation of high-quality interventions to reduce stress of healthcare workers is still missing. Internet and app-based interventions are a promising venue for providing interventions for stress reduction to a population that is otherwise difficult to reach due to shift work and time constraints in general. To do so, we developed the internet and app-based intervention (fitcor), a digital coaching of individual stress coping for health care workers. METHODS We applied the SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) statement as a guideline for the present protocol. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted. There are five different intervention groups and one waiting control group. To achieve the sample sizes required by power analysis (G*Power) (β-error 80%; effect size 0.25), the sample sizes of the respective scenarios will be at best as follows: 336 care workers from hospitals, 192 administrative health personnel, 145 care workers from stationary elderly care homes, and 145 care workers from ambulatory care providers in Germany. Participants will randomly be assigned to one of five different intervention groups. A crossover design with a waiting control group is planned. Interventions will be accompanied by three measurement points, first a baseline measure, second a post-intervention measure directly after completion of the intervention, and a follow-up measure 6 weeks after completion of the intervention. At all three measurement points, perceived team conflict, work-related experience patterns, personality, satisfaction with internet-based training, and back pain will be assessed using questionnaires, as well as heart rate variability, sleep quality, and daily movement will be recorded using an advanced sensor. DISCUSSION Workers in the health care sector increasingly face high job demands and stress levels. Traditional health interventions fail to reach the respective population due to organizational constraints. Implementation of digital health interventions has been found to improve stress coping behavior; however, the evidence in health care settings has not been established. To the best of our knowledge, fitcor is the first internet and app-based intervention to reduce stress among nursing and administrative health care personnel. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered at DRKS.de on 12 July 2021, registration number: DRKS00024605.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Baumann
- Institute of Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Technical University of Berlin, Fasanenstr. 1, 10623, Berlin, Germany. .,Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148, Hamburg, Germany. .,Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, Hamburg, Hamburg, 20457, Germany.
| | - Luis Heuel
- Institute of Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Technical University of Berlin, Fasanenstr. 1, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura L Bischoff
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Wollesen
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148, Hamburg, Germany
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Ingrosso DMF, Primavera M, Samvelyan S, Tagi VM, Chiarelli F. Stress and Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Outcome. Horm Res Paediatr 2023; 96:34-43. [PMID: 35124671 DOI: 10.1159/000522431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that psychological and physical stress are relevant triggering factors for the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The underlying mechanisms involve a complex neuroendocrine structure, involving the central nervous system and the periphery. Psychological stress leads to an increase of serum glucocorticoid concentrations and catecholamines release increasing the insulin need and the insulin resistance. According to the β-cell stress hypothesis, also causes of increased insulin demand, such as rapid growth, overweight, puberty, low physical activity, trauma, infections, and glucose overload, are potentially relevant factors in development of T1D. It has also been demonstrated that chronic stress and obesity form a vicious circle which leads to a definitive metabolic failure, increasing the risk of developing T2D. In this review, we will provide the most recent data concerning the role of stress in the outcomes of T1D and T2D, with a focus on the role of physical and psychological stress on the onset of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sona Samvelyan
- Paediatric Outpatient Department No. 122, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Mitro N, Argyri K, Pavlopoulos L, Kosyvas D, Karagiannidis L, Kostovasili M, Misichroni F, Ouzounoglou E, Amditis A. AI-Enabled Smart Wristband Providing Real-Time Vital Signs and Stress Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2821. [PMID: 36905025 PMCID: PMC10007366 DOI: 10.3390/s23052821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This work introduces the design, architecture, implementation, and testing of a low-cost and machine-learning-enabled device to be worn on the wrist. The suggested wearable device has been developed for use during emergency incidents of large passenger ship evacuations, and enables the real-time monitoring of the passengers' physiological state, and stress detection. Based on a properly preprocessed PPG signal, the device provides essential biometric data (pulse rate and oxygen saturation level) and an efficient unimodal machine learning pipeline. The stress detecting machine learning pipeline is based on ultra-short-term pulse rate variability, and has been successfully integrated into the microcontroller of the developed embedded device. As a result, the presented smart wristband is able to provide real-time stress detection. The stress detection system has been trained with the use of the publicly available WESAD dataset, and its performance has been tested through a two-stage process. Initially, evaluation of the lightweight machine learning pipeline on a previously unseen subset of the WESAD dataset was performed, reaching an accuracy score equal to 91%. Subsequently, external validation was conducted, through a dedicated laboratory study of 15 volunteers subjected to well-acknowledged cognitive stressors while wearing the smart wristband, which yielded an accuracy score equal to 76%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Mitro
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Argyri
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Lampros Pavlopoulos
- Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (ICCS), 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kosyvas
- Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (ICCS), 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Lazaros Karagiannidis
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Kostovasili
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Fay Misichroni
- Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (ICCS), 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Ouzounoglou
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 10682 Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos Amditis
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 10682 Athens, Greece
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Almeida DM, Rush J, Mogle J, Piazza JR, Cerino E, Charles ST. Longitudinal change in daily stress across 20 years of adulthood: Results from the national study of daily experiences. Dev Psychol 2023; 59:515-523. [PMID: 36174182 PMCID: PMC9993073 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study examined age-related patterns in exposure and affective reactivity to daily stressors across a 20-year time span among adults who were between 22 and 77 years old at their baseline interview. Longitudinal data from the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE) consisted of three bursts of eight consecutive nightly interviews of stress and affect. Analyses made use of all available data from a U.S. National sample of respondents who participated in any of the three NSDE bursts (N = 2,845; number of daily assessments = 33,688). Findings revealed increasing age-related benefits. Younger adults (< 30 years) reported the highest levels of stressor exposure and reactivity, but their stress profile improved with age. Over time, adults averaged an 11% reduction in the occurrence of stressor days, and the younger adults exhibited an even steeper decline (a 47% reduction) in their levels of stressor reactivity. For people in midlife and old age, stressor occurrence continued to decrease over time, yet among adults aged 54 years or older at baseline, stress reactivity remained stable across time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Frankowska K, Zarobkiewicz M, Sławiński MA, Wawryk-Gawda E, Abramiuk M, Jodłowska-Jędrych B. Changes in the Histological Structure of Adrenal Glands and Corticosterone Level after Whey Protein or Bee Pollen Supplementation in Running and Non-Running Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4105. [PMID: 36901116 PMCID: PMC10002451 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to the many health-promoting properties of bee pollen and whey protein, both products are widely used as dietary supplements. According to these reports on their health-promoting properties, the aim of our study is to assess whether these products can influence the structure and function of the adrenal glands in rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into six equal groups. Among them, there were three groups which included non-running rats and three groups which included running rats. Both of these running (n = 3) and non-running (n = 3) groups included non-supplemented (control groups), bee-pollen-supplemented groups, and whey-protein-supplemented groups. After 8 weeks, the rats were decapitated, their adrenal glands were collected, and paraffin slides were prepared. Then, staining according to the standard H&E and Masson's trichrome protocols was performed. Fecal and urine samples were collected prior to the end of the study to measure corticosterone levels. In the group of non-running rats, the consumption of bee pollen was noted to be significantly higher when compared to the group of running rats (p < 0.05). The thickness of the particular adrenal cortex layers was similar among all of the groups (p > 0.05). The statistically significant changes in the microscopic structure of the adrenal glands, especially regarding cell nuclei diameter and structure, as well as the architecture of sinusoids, were observed between the groups. Moreover, urine corticosterone concentrations were found to vary between all of the analyzed groups (p < 0.05). These results indicate that both bee pollen and whey protein have limited stress-reducing potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Frankowska
- Chair and Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytophysiology, Student Scientific Association, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
- First Chair and Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Student Scientific Association, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Zarobkiewicz
- Chair and Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mirosław A. Sławiński
- Chair and Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wawryk-Gawda
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Abramiuk
- First Chair and Department of Oncological Gynecology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Jodłowska-Jędrych
- Chair and Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
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Baumann H, Heuel L, Bischoff LL, Wollesen B. Efficacy of Individualized Sensory-Based mHealth Interventions to Improve Distress Coping in Healthcare Professionals: A Multi-Arm Parallel-Group Randomized Controlled Trial. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2322. [PMID: 36850920 PMCID: PMC9963645 DOI: 10.3390/s23042322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Detrimental effects of chronic stress on healthcare professionals have been well-established, but the implementation and evaluation of effective interventions aimed at improving distress coping remains inadequate. Individualized mHealth interventions incorporating sensor feedback have been proposed as a promising approach. This study aimed to investigate the impact of individualized, sensor-based mHealth interventions focusing on stress and physical activity on distress coping in healthcare professionals. The study utilized a multi-arm, parallel group randomized controlled trial design, comparing five intervention groups (three variations of web-based training and two variations of an app training) that represented varying levels of individualization to a control group. Both self-reported questionnaire data (collected using Limesurvey) as well as electrocardiography and accelerometry-based sensory data (collected using Mesana Sensor) were assessed at baseline and post-intervention (after eight weeks). Of the 995 eligible participants, 170 (26%) completed the post-intervention measurement (Group 1: N = 21; Group 2: N = 23; Group 3: N = 7; Group 4: N = 34; Group 5: N = 16; Control Group: N = 69). MANOVA results indicated small to moderate time-by-group interaction effects for physical activity-related outcomes, including moderate to vigorous physical activity (F(1,5) = 5.8, p = ≤0.001, η2p = 0.057) and inactivity disruption (F(1,5) = 11.2, p = <0.001, η2p = 0.100), in the app-based intervention groups, but not for step counts and inactivity. No changes were observed in stress-related heart rate variability parameters over time. Despite a high dropout rate and a complex study design, the individualized interventions showed initial positive effects on physical activity. However, no significant changes in stress-related outcomes were observed, suggesting that the intervention duration was insufficient to induce physiological adaptations that would result in improved distress coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Baumann
- Department of Biopsychology and Neuroergonomics, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Medical School Hamburg, Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luis Heuel
- Department of Biopsychology and Neuroergonomics, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Bettina Wollesen
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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Gottlieb L, Schmitt DP. When Staying Home Is Not Safe: An Investigation of the Role of Attachment Style on Stress and Intimate Partner Violence in the Time of COVID-19. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:639-654. [PMID: 36344792 PMCID: PMC9640909 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health concern, with increasing rates of IPV being seen around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous research has linked the perpetration of IPV and other forms of sexual violence to aspects of romantic attachment psychology, with insecure anxious/preoccupied attachment most often linked to higher rates of IPV. Stressful events typically activate the attachment system and may either aggravate or disrupt its regulatory functioning. In the present study, we investigated whether COVID-related PTSD and depressive symptoms were associated with increased IPV perpetration and whether this relationship was moderated by levels of attachment security. Our findings indicated that higher COVID-related PTSD was significantly associated with increased IPV perpetration in securely attached individuals, whereas depressive symptoms was significantly associated with decreased IPV perpetration in securely attached individuals. IPV perpetration by insecure individuals was consistently high regardless of COVID-related PTSD or depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that COVID-related PTSD may erode adaptive attachment functioning, particularly among the previously secure, which can have important consequences for secure individuals and their intimate partners. The present findings may explain some of the recent increase in IPV cases worldwide and serve to raise awareness and motivate clinical interventions to more efficiently help both victims and perpetrators of IPV stay safe while staying home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limor Gottlieb
- Psychology Division, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Culture and Evolution, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - David P Schmitt
- Centre for Culture and Evolution, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
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Saunderson JM, Stickley A, Sturidsson K, Koposov R, Sukhodolsky DG, Ruchkin V. Posttraumatic Stress and Perceived Interpersonal Provocation in Adolescents. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:3191-3214. [PMID: 35613735 PMCID: PMC9850389 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221104525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the impact of posttraumatic stress on the choice of responses to and attribution of intentionality in peer provocation in adolescent boys and girls. Methods: A sample of 2678 adolescents from Northern Russia, aged 13-17 years (59.3% female; 95.7% ethnic Russian) completed self-reports on posttraumatic stress and rated hypothetical peer provocation scenarios that teenagers can encounter in their daily lives. Results: Adolescents with clinically significant levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms (n=184 (6.8%)) reported a different pattern of reactions to peer provocation as compared to all other adolescents. Boys and girls with high levels of posttraumatic symptoms reported that they would be less likely to discuss conflict situations and more likely to react with physical aggression. Compared to their male counterparts, girls with high levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms were more likely to endorse hostile intentions, avoid provocations, and were less likely to endorse verbally aggressive responses. In provocation scenarios that involved physical aggression, girls with high levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms were less likely to endorse verbal aggressive responses and more likely to endorse physically aggressive responses than girls without clinically significant levels of posttraumatic symptoms. Girls with high levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms were also more likely to avoid socially aggressive situations than non-traumatized girls, whereas boys had an opposite pattern. Conclusions: High levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms may play a significant role in the endorsement of aggressive reactions in conflicts with peers and patterns of reactions may be gender-specific. A history of posttraumatic stress should be carefully evaluated in children and adolescents seeking treatment for aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Stickley
- Department of Preventive
Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental
Health, National Center of Neurology
and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
- Stockholm Center for Health and
Social Change (SCOHOST), Södertörn
University, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Knut Sturidsson
- Department of Clinical
Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institute,
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman Koposov
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth
Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences,
UiT The Arctic
University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical
University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladislav Ruchkin
- Child Study Center,
Yale University
Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Uppsala University,
Uppsala, Sweden
- Säter Forensic Psychiatric
Clinic, Säter, Sweden
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