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Wei BR, Zhao YJ, Cheng YF, Huang C, Zhang F. Helicobacter pylori infection and Parkinson's Disease: etiology, pathogenesis and levodopa bioavailability. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:1. [PMID: 38166953 PMCID: PMC10759355 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00404-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder with an unknown etiology, is primarily characterized by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons. The prevalence of PD has experienced a significant surge in recent years. The unidentified etiology poses limitations to the development of effective therapeutic interventions for this condition. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has affected approximately half of the global population. Mounting evidences suggest that H. pylori infection plays an important role in PD through various mechanisms. The autotoxin produced by H. pylori induces pro-inflammatory cytokines release, thereby facilitating the occurrence of central inflammation that leads to neuronal damage. Simultaneously, H. pylori disrupts the equilibrium of gastrointestinal microbiota with an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestinal known as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). This dysbiosis of the gut flora influences the central nervous system (CNS) through microbiome-gut-brain axis. Moreover, SIBO hampers levodopa absorption and affects its therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of PD. Also, H. pylori promotes the production of defensins to regulate the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, facilitating the entry of harmful factors into the CNS. In addition, H. pylori has been found to induce gastroparesis, resulting in a prolonged transit time for levodopa to reach the small intestine. H. pylori may exploit levodopa to facilitate its own growth and proliferation, or it can inflict damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to gastrointestinal ulcers and impeding levodopa absorption. Here, this review focused on the role of H. pylori infection in PD from etiology, pathogenesis to levodopa bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Rong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Centre, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu-Jia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Centre, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu-Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Centre, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Chun Huang
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Centre, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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Yazal T, Lee PY, Chen PR, Chen IC, Liu PL, Chen YR, Lin TC, Chen YT, Huang SP, Yeh HC, Liu CC, Lo J, Wu HE, Wang SC, Li CY. Kurarinone exerts anti-inflammatory effect via reducing ROS production, suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome, and protecting against LPS-induced sepsis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115619. [PMID: 37804813 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Kurarinone, a major lavandulyl flavanone found in the roots of Sophora flavescens aiton, has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages; however, the effects of kurarinone on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the protective effects against sepsis have not been well investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impacts of kurarinone on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages and its protective effects against sepsis in vivo. Secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways, formation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by LPS-induced macrophages were examined; additionally, in vivo LPS-induced endotoxemia model was used to investigate the protective effects of kurarinone in sepsis-induced damages. Our experimental results demonstrated that kurarinone inhibited the expression of iNOS and COX-2, suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPKs, attenuated the production of TNF-α, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO) and ROS, repressed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and impeded the maturation and secretion of IL-1β and caspase-1. Furthermore, the administration of kurarinone attenuated the infiltration of neutrophils in the lung, kidneys and liver, reduced the expression of organ damage markers, and increased the survival rate in LPS-challenged mice. Collectively, our study demonstrated that kurarinone can protect against LPS-induced sepsis damage and exert anti-inflammatory effects via inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB pathways, attenuating NLRP3 inflammasome formation, and preventing intracellular ROS accumulation, suggesting that kurarinone might have potential for treating sepsis and inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Yazal
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Rong Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Len Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ru Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Pathology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Jung Lo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-En Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
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Hseu JH, Chan CI, Vadivalagan C, Chen SJ, Yen HR, Hseu YC, Yang HL, Wu PY. Tranexamic acid improves psoriasis-like skin inflammation: Evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115307. [PMID: 37573659 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic disease psoriasis is associated with severe inflammation and abnormal keratinocyte propagation in the skin. Tranexamic acid (TXA), a plasmin inhibitor, is used to cure serious bleeding. We investigated whether TXA ointment mitigated Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like inflammation. Furthermore, this study investigated the effect of noncytotoxic concentrations of TXA on IL-17-induced human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells to determine the status of proliferative psoriatic keratinocytes. We found that TXA reduced IMQ-induced psoriasis-like erythema, thickness, scaling, and cumulative scores (erythema plus thickness plus scaling) on the back skin of BALB/c mice. Additionally, TXA decreased ear thickness and suppressed hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, and inflammation of the ear epidermis in IMQ-induced BALB/c mice. Furthermore, TXA inhibited IMQ-induced splenomegaly in BALB/c mouse models. In IL-17-induced HaCaT cells, TXA inhibited ROS production and IL-8 secretion. Interestingly, TXA suppressed the IL-17-induced NFκB signaling pathway via IKK-mediated IκB degradation. TXA inhibited IL-17-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome through caspase-1 and IL1β expression. TXA inhibited IL-17-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by enhancing autophagy, as indicated by LC3-II accumulation, p62/SQSTM1 expression, ATG4B inhibition, and Beclin-1/Bcl-2 dysregulation. Notably, TXA suppressed IL-17-induced Nrf2-mediated keratin 17 expression. N-acetylcysteine pretreatment reversed the effects of TXA on NFκB, NLRP3 inflammasomes, and the Nrf2-mediated keratin 17 pathway in IL-17-induced HaCaT cells. Results further confirmed that in the ear skin of IMQ-induced mice, psoriasis biomarkers such as NLRP3, IL1β, Nrf2, and keratin 17 expression were downregulated by TXA treatment. TXA improves IMQ-induced psoriasis-like inflammation in vivo and psoriatic keratinocytes in vitro. Tranexamic acid is a promising future treatment for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Hsuan Hseu
- Department of Dermatology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Chon-I Chan
- Institute of Nutrition, College of health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chithravel Vadivalagan
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Siang-Jyun Chen
- Institute of Nutrition, College of health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Yuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan.
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Shahbazi R, Yasavoli-Sharahi H, Alsadi N, Sharifzad F, Fang S, Cuenin C, Cahais V, Chung FFL, Herceg Z, Matar C. Lentinula edodes Cultured Extract and Rouxiella badensis subsp. acadiensis (Canan SV-53) Intake Alleviates Immune Deregulation and Inflammation by Modulating Signaling Pathways and Epigenetic Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14610. [PMID: 37834058 PMCID: PMC10572597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Puberty is a critical developmental period of life characterized by marked physiological changes, including changes in the immune system and gut microbiota development. Exposure to inflammation induced by immune stressors during puberty has been found to stimulate central inflammation and lead to immune disturbance at distant sites from the gut; however, its enduring effects on gut immunity are not well explored. Therefore, in this study, we used a pubertal lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation mouse model to mimic pubertal exposure to inflammation and dysbiosis. We hypothesized that pubertal LPS-induced inflammation may cause long-term dysfunction in gut immunity by enduring dysregulation of inflammatory signaling and epigenetic changes, while prebiotic/probiotic intake may mitigate the gut immune system deregulation later in life. To this end, four-week-old female Balb/c mice were fed prebiotics/probiotics and exposed to LPS in the pubertal window. To better decipher the acute and enduring immunoprotective effects of biotic intake, we addressed the effect of treatment on interleukin (IL)-17 signaling related-cytokines and pathways. In addition, the effect of treatment on gut microbiota and epigenetic alterations, including changes in microRNA (miRNA) expression and DNA methylation, were studied. Our results revealed a significant dysregulation in selected cytokines, proteins, and miRNAs involved in key signaling pathways related to IL-17 production and function, including IL-17A and F, IL-6, IL-1β, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), p-STAT3, forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), and miR-145 in the small intestine of adult mice challenged with LPS during puberty. In contrast, dietary interventions mitigated the lasting adverse effects of LPS on gut immune function, partly through epigenetic mechanisms. A DNA methylation analysis demonstrated that enduring changes in gut immunity in adult mice might be linked to differentially methylated genes, including Lpb, Rorc, Runx1, Il17ra, Rac1, Ccl5, and Il10, involved in Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17 production and signaling. In addition, prebiotic administration prevented LPS-induced changes in the gut microbiota in pubertal mice. Together, these results indicate that following a healthy diet rich in prebiotics and probiotics is an optimal strategy for programming immune system function in the critical developmental windows of life and controlling inflammation later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Shahbazi
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (H.Y.-S.); (N.A.)
| | - Hamed Yasavoli-Sharahi
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (H.Y.-S.); (N.A.)
| | - Nawal Alsadi
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (H.Y.-S.); (N.A.)
| | - Farzaneh Sharifzad
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Sandra Fang
- Translational Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Av. Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France; (C.C.); (V.C.); (F.F.-L.C.); (Z.H.)
| | - Vincent Cahais
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Av. Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France; (C.C.); (V.C.); (F.F.-L.C.); (Z.H.)
| | - Felicia Fei-Lei Chung
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Av. Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France; (C.C.); (V.C.); (F.F.-L.C.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Av. Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France; (C.C.); (V.C.); (F.F.-L.C.); (Z.H.)
| | - Chantal Matar
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (R.S.); (H.Y.-S.); (N.A.)
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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Karkossa I, Fürst S, Großkopf H, von Bergen M, Schubert K. Oxidation is an underappreciated post-translational modification in the regulation of immune responses associated with changes in phosphorylation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1244431. [PMID: 37809076 PMCID: PMC10559879 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although macrophages are known to be affected by their redox status, oxidation is not yet a well-recognized post-translational modification (PTM) in regulating macrophages and immune cells in general. While it has been described that the redox status of single cysteines in specific proteins is relevant for macrophage functions, global oxidation information is scarce. Hence, we globally assessed the impact of oxidation on macrophage activation using untargeted proteomics and PTM-omics. We exposed THP-1 macrophages to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4 h and 24 h and applied a sequential iodoTMT labeling approach to get information on overall oxidation as well as reversible oxidation of cysteines. Thus, we identified 10452 oxidation sites, which were integratively analyzed with 5057 proteins and 7148 phosphorylation sites to investigate their co-occurance with other omics layers. Based on this integrative analysis, we found significant upregulation of several immune-related pathways, e.g. toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, for which 19 proteins, 7 phosphorylation sites, and 39 oxidation sites were significantly affected, highlighting the relevance of oxidations in TLR4-induced macrophage activation. Co-regulation of oxidation and phosphorylation was observed, as evidenced by multiply modified proteins related to inflammatory pathways. Additionally, we observed time-dependent effects, with differences in the dynamics of oxidation sites compared to proteins and phosphorylation sites. Overall, this study highlights the importance of oxidation in regulating inflammatory processes and provides a method that can be readily applied to study the cellular redoxome globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Karkossa
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Fürst
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henning Großkopf
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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Paik S, Song GY, Jo EK. Ginsenosides for therapeutically targeting inflammation through modulation of oxidative stress. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110461. [PMID: 37331298 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenosides are steroid glycosides derived from ginseng plants such as Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng. Advances in recent studies have identified numerous physiological functions of each type of ginsenoside, i.e., immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory functions, in the context of inflammatory diseases. Accumulating evidence has revealed the molecular mechanisms by which the single or combined ginsenoside(s) exhibit anti-inflammatory effects, although it remains largely unclear. It is well known that excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with pathological inflammation and cell death in a variety of cells, and that inhibition of ROS generation ameliorates the local and systemic inflammatory responses. The mechanisms by which ginsenosides attenuate inflammation are largely unknown; however, targeting ROS is suggested as one of the crucial mechanisms for the ginsenosides to control the pathological inflammation in the immune and non-immune cells. This review will summarize the latest progress in ginsenoside studies, particularly in the context of antioxidant mechanisms for its anti-inflammatory effects. A better understanding of the distinct types and the combined action of ginsenosides will pave the way for developing potential preventive and therapeutic modalities in treating various inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwha Paik
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
| | - Gyu Yong Song
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
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Hursitoglu O, Kurutas EB, Strawbridge R, Oner E, Gungor M, Tuman TC, Uygur OF. Serum NOX1 and Raftlin as new potential biomarkers of Major Depressive Disorder: A study in treatment-naive first episode patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 121:110670. [PMID: 36341844 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biological factors are known to be important in understanding the pathogenesis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation pathways are likely to play a critical role here. METHODS We undertook a study to investigate two novel biomarkers - serum NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) and Raftlin levels - in treatment-naive, smoking-free first episode patients with MDD compared to healthy controls (HCs) matched for age, sex and body mass index. RESULTS We found increased NOX1 and Raftlin levels in MDD patients compared to HCs. Both parameters showed very good diagnostic performance in the MDD group. In addition, we found a significant positive correlation between depression severity (HAMD) scores and both biomarker levels in the patient group. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first human study to evaluate serum NOX1 and Raftlin levels in depression. NOX1, an important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Raftlin, which may play a role in the inflammatory process, represent novel potential biomarkers of MDD. These findings support the implication of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in patients with MDD, and indicate that the deteriorated ROS-antioxidant balance can be regulated via NOX1 in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Hursitoglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Sular Academy Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
| | - Ergul Belge Kurutas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Rebecca Strawbridge
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erkan Oner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Meltem Gungor
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sanko University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Taha Can Tuman
- Medipol University, Medical Faculty, Department of Psychiatry, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Uygur
- Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Psychiatry, Erzurum, Turkey
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Kilic A, Ustunova S, Bulut H, Meral I. Pre and postnatal exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields induce inflammation and oxidative stress, and alter renin-angiotensin system components differently in male and female offsprings. Life Sci 2023; 321:121627. [PMID: 36997060 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designed to investigate inflammation, oxidative stress and renin-angiotensin system components in brain and kidney tissues of female and male rats prenatally and/or postnatally exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF). It is aimed to evaluate the biological effects of 900 MHz EMF exposure due to the increase in mobile phone use and especially the more widespread use of the GSM 900 system. MAIN METHODS Male and female Wistar albino offsprings were divided into four groups of control, prenatal, postnatal, and prenatal+postnatal exposed to 900 MHz EMF for 1 h/day (23 days during pregnancy for prenatal period, 40 days for postnatal period). The brain and kidney tissues were collected when they reached puberty. KEY FINDINGS It was found that the total oxidant status, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α levels increased (p < 0.001) and the total antioxidant status levels decreased (p < 0.001) in all three EMF groups comparing to controls in both male and female brain and kidney tissues. The renin- angiotensin system components such as angiotensinogen, renin, angiotensin type 1 and type 2 receptors, and MAS1-like G protein-coupled receptor expression were higher (p < 0.001) in all three EMF exposure groups comparing to controls in both male and female brain and kidney tissues. Although there are some differences of the levels of proinflammatory markers, ROS components and RAS components in brain and kidney tissues between males and females, the common result of all groups was increase in oxidative stress, inflammation markers and angiotensin system components with exposure to 900 MHz EMF. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, our study suggested that the 900 MHz EMF can activate brain and kidney renin-angiotensin system, and this activation is maybe related to inflammation and oxidative stress in both male and female offsprings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysu Kilic
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Savas Ustunova
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huri Bulut
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Meral
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Abstract
Infection is the second leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Adequate humoral (antibody) and cellular (T cell-driven) immunity are required to minimize pathogen entry and promote pathogen clearance to enable infection control. Vaccination can generate cellular and humoral immunity against specific pathogens and is used to prevent many life-threatening infectious diseases. However, vaccination efficacy is diminished in patients with CKD. Premature ageing of the immune system and chronic systemic low-grade inflammation are the main causes of immune alteration in these patients. In the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 can have considerable detrimental effects in patients with CKD, especially in those with kidney failure. COVID-19 prevention through successful vaccination is therefore paramount in this vulnerable population. Although patients receiving dialysis have seroconversion rates comparable to those of patients with normal kidney function, most kidney transplant recipients could not generate humoral immunity after two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Importantly, some patients who were not able to produce antibodies still had a detectable vaccine-specific T cell response, which might be sufficient to prevent severe COVID-19. Correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 have not been established for patients with kidney failure, but they are urgently needed to enable personalized vaccination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Babel
- Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany.
- Center for Translational Medicine and Immune Diagnostics Laboratory, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT) and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Hugo
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Universitätsklinikum, Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Timm H Westhoff
- Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
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10
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Ascoli C, Schott CA, Huang Y, Turturice BA, Wang W, Ecanow N, Sweiss NJ, Perkins DL, Finn PW. Altered transcription factor targeting is associated with differential peripheral blood mononuclear cell proportions in sarcoidosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:848759. [PMID: 36311769 PMCID: PMC9608777 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.848759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIn sarcoidosis, peripheral lymphopenia and anergy have been associated with increased inflammation and maladaptive immune activity, likely promoting development of chronic and progressive disease. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to reduced lymphocyte proportions, particularly CD4+ T-cells, have not been fully elucidated. We posit that paradoxical peripheral lymphopenia is characterized by a dysregulated transcriptomic network associated with cell function and fate that results from altered transcription factor targeting activity.MethodsMessenger RNA-sequencing (mRNA-seq) was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ACCESS study subjects with sarcoidosis and matched controls and findings validated on a sarcoidosis case-control cohort and a sarcoidosis case series. Preserved PBMC transcriptomic networks between case-control cohorts were assessed to establish cellular associations with gene modules and define regulatory targeting involved in sarcoidosis immune dysregulation utilizing weighted gene co-expression network analysis and differential transcription factor involvement analysis. Network centrality measures identified master transcriptional regulators of subnetworks related to cell proliferation and death. Predictive models of differential PBMC proportions constructed from ACCESS target gene expression corroborated the relationship between aberrant transcription factor regulatory activity and imputed and clinical PBMC populations in the validation cohorts.ResultsWe identified two unique and preserved gene modules significantly associated with sarcoidosis immune dysregulation. Strikingly, increased expression of a monocyte-driven, and not a lymphocyte-driven, gene module related to innate immunity and cell death was the best predictor of peripheral CD4+ T-cell proportions. Within the gene network of this monocyte-driven module, TLE3 and CBX8 were determined to be master regulators of the cell death subnetwork. A core gene signature of differentially over-expressed target genes of TLE3 and CBX8 involved in cellular communication and immune response regulation accurately predicted imputed and clinical monocyte expansion and CD4+ T-cell depletion.ConclusionsAltered transcriptional regulation associated with aberrant gene expression of a monocyte-driven transcriptional network likely influences lymphocyte function and survival. Although further investigation is warranted, this indicates that crosstalk between hyperactive monocytes and lymphocytes may instigate peripheral lymphopenia and underlie sarcoidosis immune dysregulation and pathogenesis. Future therapies selectively targeting master regulators, or their targets, may mitigate dysregulated immune processes in sarcoidosis and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ascoli
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cody A. Schott
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yue Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Wangfei Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Engineering and Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Naomi Ecanow
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nadera J. Sweiss
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David L. Perkins
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Patricia W. Finn
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Patricia W. Finn,
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11
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Kumar S, Saxena J, Srivastava VK, Kaushik S, Singh H, Abo-el-sooud K, Abdel-daim MM, Jyoti A, Saluja R. The Interplay of Oxidative Stress and ROS Scavenging: Antioxidants as a Therapeutic Potential in Sepsis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1575. [PMID: 36298439 PMCID: PMC9609850 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress resulting from the disproportion of oxidants and antioxidants contributes to both physiological and pathological conditions in sepsis. To combat this, the antioxidant defense system comes into the picture, which contributes to limiting the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to the reduction of oxidative stress. However, a strong relationship has been found between scavengers of ROS and antioxidants in preclinical in vitro and in vivo models. ROS is widely believed to cause human pathology most specifically in sepsis, where a small increase in ROS levels activates signaling pathways to initiate biological processes. An inclusive understanding of the effects of ROS scavenging in cellular antioxidant signaling is essentially lacking in sepsis. This review compiles the mechanisms of ROS scavenging as well as oxidative damage in sepsis, as well as antioxidants as a potent therapeutic. Direct interaction between ROS and cellular pathways greatly affects sepsis, but such interaction does not provide the explanation behind diverse biological outcomes. Animal models of sepsis and a number of clinical trials with septic patients exploring the efficiency of antioxidants in sepsis are reviewed. In line with this, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were effective, and results from recent studies are promising. The usage of these potent antioxidants in sepsis patients would greatly impact the field of medicine.
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12
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Kazmi I, Al-Abbasi FA, Afzal M, Nadeem MS, Altayb HN, Gupta G. Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor Roflumilast-Mediated Protective Effect in Sepsis-Induced Late-Phase Event of Acute Kidney Injury: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070899. [PMID: 35890197 PMCID: PMC9315747 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe infections such as viral, bacterial, or fungal sepsis can cause an inflammatory response in the host, leading to organ failure and septic shock—phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibiting related agents from suppressing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) degradation. Regulatory organisations have approved some substances in this category to reduce the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations in patients with chronic bronchitis and a history of COPD exacerbations. Roflumilast has been shown to alleviate inflammatory responses, thus regulating airway inflammation. Additionally, roflumilast therapy dramatically enhanced B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression, an anti-apoptotic marker lowered in septic animals. Previous research has indicated that roflumilast may help reverse sepsis-induced liver and lung harm, but whether it is also effective in reversing sepsis-induced renal impairment remains unknown. Therefore, this review determines whether roflumilast protects against renal dysfunction, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in sepsis-induced kidney damage. Additionally, we discussed the molecular mechanism through which roflumilast exerts its protective effect to uncover a possible treatment agent for sepsis-induced renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-A.); (M.S.N.); (H.N.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-A.); (M.S.N.); (H.N.A.)
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-A.); (M.S.N.); (H.N.A.)
| | - Hisham N. Altayb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.-A.); (M.S.N.); (H.N.A.)
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura 302017, Jaipur, India;
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
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13
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Reshef YA, Rumker L, Kang JB, Nathan A, Korsunsky I, Asgari S, Murray MB, Moody DB, Raychaudhuri S. Co-varying neighborhood analysis identifies cell populations associated with phenotypes of interest from single-cell transcriptomics. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:355-63. [PMID: 34675423 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-021-01066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As single-cell datasets grow in sample size, there is a critical need to characterize cell states that vary across samples and associate with sample attributes, such as clinical phenotypes. Current statistical approaches typically map cells to clusters and then assess differences in cluster abundance. Here we present co-varying neighborhood analysis (CNA), an unbiased method to identify associated cell populations with greater flexibility than cluster-based approaches. CNA characterizes dominant axes of variation across samples by identifying groups of small regions in transcriptional space-termed neighborhoods-that co-vary in abundance across samples, suggesting shared function or regulation. CNA performs statistical testing for associations between any sample-level attribute and the abundances of these co-varying neighborhood groups. Simulations show that CNA enables more sensitive and accurate identification of disease-associated cell states than a cluster-based approach. When applied to published datasets, CNA captures a Notch activation signature in rheumatoid arthritis, identifies monocyte populations expanded in sepsis and identifies a novel T cell population associated with progression to active tuberculosis.
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14
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Hseu YC, Tseng YF, Pandey S, Shrestha S, Lin KY, Lin CW, Lee CC, Huang ST, Yang HL. Coenzyme Q 0 Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation through Mitophagy Induction in LPS/ATP-Stimulated Macrophages. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022; 2022:4266214. [PMID: 35035661 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4266214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs with a variable number of isoprenoid units have exhibited as anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant molecules. Using novel quinone derivative CoQ0 (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, zero side chain isoprenoid), we studied its molecular activities against LPS/ATP-induced inflammation and redox imbalance in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. CoQ0's non- or subcytotoxic concentration suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome and procaspase-1 activation, followed by downregulation of IL1β expression in LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Similarly, treatment of CoQ0 led to LC3-I/II accumulation and p62/SQSTM1 activation. An increase in the Beclin-1/Bcl-2 ratio and a decrease in the expression of phosphorylated PI3K/AKT, p70 S6 kinase, and mTOR showed that autophagy was activated. Besides, CoQ0 increased Parkin protein to recruit damaged mitochondria and induced mitophagy in LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. CoQ0 inhibited LPS/ATP-stimulated ROS generation in RAW264.7 macrophages. Notably, when LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with CoQ0, Mito-TEMPO (a mitochondrial ROS inhibitor), or N-acetylcysteine (NAC, a ROS inhibitor), there was a significant reduction of LPS/ATP-stimulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL1β expression. Interestingly, treatment with CoQ0 or Mito-TEMPO, but not NAC, significantly increased LPS/ATP-induced LC3-II accumulation indicating that mitophagy plays a key role in the regulation of CoQ0-inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Nrf2 knockdown significantly decreased IL1β expression in LPS/ATP-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages suggesting that CoQ0 inhibited ROS-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL1β expression was suppressed due to the Nrf2 activation. Hence, this study showed that CoQ0 might be a promising candidate for the therapeutics of inflammatory disorders due to its effective anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant properties.
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15
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Wang J, Sun J, Sun L, Ye Y, Chen H, Xiao J, He G, Hu J, Chen G, Zhou H, Dong X, Ma W, Zhang B, Liu T. The Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus Infection and Its Association With Iron (Fe) Level in Pregnant Women in Guangzhou, China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:759728. [PMID: 34957145 PMCID: PMC8702999 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.759728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is regarded as the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease in humans. However, information of dengue virus (DENV) infection in pregnant women and the influence factors remain unclear. In this study, we extracted information of 2,076 pregnant women from the Prenatal Environment and Offspring Health (PEOH) birth cohort conducted since 2016 in Guangzhou, China. Peripheral blood and clean midstream urine samples of participants were collected during their hospitalization for childbirth. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies of DENV in serum samples, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied to determine the Fe concentrations in the urine samples, which were then adjusted for by urine creatinine and transformed by natural logarithm (ln-Fe). The seroprevalence of DENV IgG antibody in all included participants was 2.22% (46/2,076). We observed higher seroprevalence of IgG antibody in women aged ≥35 years (2.9%), education ≤ 12 years (2.5%), yearly income per capita <100,000 yuan (2.4%), no use of air-conditioner (2.4%), no use of mosquito coils (2.3%), and no exercise during pregnancy (4.1%). A U-shaped relationship was found between ln-Fe concentration and the risk of positive IgG antibody. Compared with women with ln-Fe concentration of 2.0–2.9 μg/g creatinine, slightly higher risks of positive IgG antibody were found among women with ≤2.0 (RR = 4.16, 95% CI: 0.78, 19.91), 3.0–3.9 (RR = 1.93, 95% CI: 0.65, 7.08), 4.0–4.9 (RR = 2.19, 95% CI: 0.65, 8.51), and ≥5.0 μg/g creatinine of ln-Fe (RR = 2.42, 95% CI: 0.46, 11.33). Our findings suggested that the seroprevalence of dengue IgG antibody in pregnant women was comparable to the general population in Guangzhou, China. The risk of DENV infection may be associated with maternal demographic characteristics and behaviors. Both maternal low and high Fe concentrations may be positively associated with the risk of DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Wang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiufeng Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Ye
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanhao He
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guimin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Dong
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Chen G, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Qin Y, Wei B, Sun Y, Chen Y. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin suppresses the monocyte-endothelial adhesion triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Pharm Biol 2021; 59:1036-1044. [PMID: 34362284 PMCID: PMC8354180 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1953540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent studies demonstrated the anti-atherosclerotic efficacy of cyclodextrin. However, it remains unclear whether cyclodextrin exerts the anti-atherosclerotic effect via regulating monocyte-endothelial adhesion. OBJECTIVE To answer that question by recruiting methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) as a cyclodextrin representative. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were not treated, or treated with 1 µg/mL liposaccharide (LPS) or 50 µg/mL oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) for 12 h, 5 mM MβCD for 1 h, and LPS/oxLDL (1 and 50 µg/mL, respectively for 12 h) plus MβCD (5 mM for 1 h), respectively. The effects of MβCD on LPS/oxLDL-triggered monocyte-endothelial adhesion and related molecules in signalling pathways were evaluated via confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, RT-PCR, western blotting, and cell adhesion assay. RESULTS MβCD with an IC50 of 27.66 mM (1 h treatment) exerted no significant cytotoxicity at ≤5 mM for ≤2 h. Compared with the control, both LPS and oxLDL induced an ∼2-3-fold increase in adhesion molecule expression (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 at protein and mRNA levels) and NF-κB phosphorylation (p-NF-κB/pP65), an increase in IκB kinase (IKK), and a decrease in phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), respectively. Moreover, more monocytes (2-fold higher for LPS and 15% higher for oxLDL) were attached on LPS/oxLDL-stimulated HUVECs. 5 mM MβCD reversed the LPS/oxLDL-induced changes back to the control levels. CONCLUSIONS MβCD significantly suppresses the LPS/oxLDL-triggered monocyte-endothelial adhesion by downregulating adhesion molecule expression probably via LPS-IKK-NF-κB or oxLDL-Akt-NF-κB pathway. This study demonstrates a potential mechanism of the anti-atherosclerotic efficacy of cyclodextrin from the angle of monocyte-endothelial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wendiao Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ying Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- CONTACT Yong Chen ; College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Canton M, Sánchez-Rodríguez R, Spera I, Venegas FC, Favia M, Viola A, Castegna A. Reactive Oxygen Species in Macrophages: Sources and Targets. Front Immunol 2021; 12:734229. [PMID: 34659222 PMCID: PMC8515906 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are fundamental for macrophages to eliminate invasive microorganisms. However, as observed in nonphagocytic cells, ROS play essential roles in processes that are different from pathogen killing, as signal transduction, differentiation, and gene expression. The different outcomes of these events are likely to depend on the specific subcellular site of ROS formation, as well as the duration and extent of ROS production. While excessive accumulation of ROS has long been appreciated for its detrimental effects, there is now a deeper understanding of their roles as signaling molecules. This could explain the failure of the “all or none” pharmacologic approach with global antioxidants to treat several diseases. NADPH oxidase is the first source of ROS that has been identified in macrophages. However, growing evidence highlights mitochondria as a crucial site of ROS formation in these cells, mainly due to electron leakage of the respiratory chain or to enzymes, such as monoamine oxidases. Their role in redox signaling, together with their exact site of formation is only partially elucidated. Hence, it is essential to identify the specific intracellular sources of ROS and how they influence cellular processes in both physiological and pathological conditions to develop therapies targeting oxidative signaling networks. In this review, we will focus on the different sites of ROS formation in macrophages and how they impact on metabolic processes and inflammatory signaling, highlighting the role of mitochondrial as compared to non-mitochondrial ROS sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Canton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza - IRP, Padova, Italy
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza - IRP, Padova, Italy
| | - Iolanda Spera
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francisca C Venegas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza - IRP, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Favia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Viola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza - IRP, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Castegna
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza - IRP, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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18
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Zhu L, Yuan Q, Zeng Z, Zhou R, Luo R, Zhang J, Tsang CK, Bi W. Rifampicin Suppresses Amyloid-β Accumulation Through Enhancing Autophagy in the Hippocampus of a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mouse Model of Cognitive Decline. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1171-1184. [PMID: 33386800 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. The metabolism of Aβ is critically affected by autophagy. Although rifampicin is known to mediate neuroinflammation, the underlying mechanism by which rifampicin regulates the cognitive sequelae remains unknown. OBJECTIVE Based on our previous findings that rifampicin possesses neuroprotective effects on improving cognitive function after neuroinflammation, we aimed to examine in this study whether rifampicin can inhibit Aβ accumulation by enhancing autophagy in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cognitive impairment. METHODS Adult C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with rifampicin, chloroquine, and/or LPS every day for 7 days. Pathological and biochemical assays and behavioral tests were performed to determine the therapeutic effect and mechanism of rifampicin on the hippocampus of LPS-induced mice. RESULTS We found that rifampicin ameliorated cognitive impairments in the LPS-induced mice. In addition, rifampicin attenuated the inhibition of autophagosome formation, suppressed the accumulation of Aβ1-42, and protected the hippocampal neurons against LPS-induced damage. Our results further demonstrated that rifampicin improved the neurological function by promoting autophagy through the inhibition of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in the hippocampus of LPS-induced mice. CONCLUSION Rifampicin ameliorates cognitive impairment by suppression of Aβ1-42 accumulation through inhibition of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling and enhancement of autophagy in the hippocampus of LPS-induced mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiongru Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhaohao Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Rixin Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chi Kwan Tsang
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR, China
| | - Wei Bi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR, China
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Bettegazzi B, Bellani S, Cattaneo S, Codazzi F, Grohovaz F, Zacchetti D. Gα13 Contributes to LPS-Induced Morphological Alterations and Affects Migration of Microglia. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:6397-6414. [PMID: 34529232 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the CNS that are activated in response to a variety of stimuli. This phenotypical change is aimed to maintain the local homeostasis, also by containing the insults and repair the damages. All these processes are tightly regulated and coordinated and a failure in restoring homeostasis by microglia can result in the development of neuroinflammation that can facilitate the progression of pathological conditions. Indeed, chronic microglia activation is commonly recognized as a hallmark of many neurological disorders, especially at an early stage. Many complex pathways, including cytoskeletal remodeling, are involved in the control of the microglial phenotypical and morphological changes that occur during activation. In this work, we focused on the small GTPase Gα13 and its role at the crossroad between RhoA and Rac1 signaling when microglia is exposed to pro-inflammatory stimulation. We propose the direct involvement of Gα13 in the cytoskeletal rearrangements mediated by FAK, LIMK/cofilin, and Rac1 during microglia activation. In fact, we show that Gα13 knockdown significantly inhibited LPS-induced microglial cell activation, in terms of both changes in morphology and migration, through the modulation of FAK and one of its downstream effectors, Rac1. In conclusion, we propose Gα13 as a critical factor in the regulation of morphological and functional properties of microglia during activation, which might become a target of intervention for the control of microglia inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bettegazzi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Serena Bellani
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Franca Codazzi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Grohovaz
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Zacchetti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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20
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Gupta K, Pandey S, Singh R, Kumari A, Sen P, Singh G. Roflumilast improves resolution of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by retarding late phase renal interstitial immune cells infiltration and leakage in urinary sediments. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 36:114-132. [PMID: 34212425 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Some evidence has demonstrated that both inflammation and immune cell dysregulation are coincident at late phase (post 24 h) of sepsis. The present study was designed to determine the pathological role of hyperinflammation and renal immune cells mobilization during late phase of sepsis induced acute kidney injury (S-AKI) and tests the pharmacological effects of PDE-4 inhibitor on these events. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation puncture and renal function, oxidative-inflammatory stress biomarkers were assessed after 24 h. PDE-4 inhibitor was administered for 7 days prior to induction of S-AKI. Renal immune cells infiltration during sepsis was analyzed by H&E staining and papanicolaou staining method was used for detecting leukocytes and cast in urinary sediments, periodic acid schiff (PAS) staining was used for detection of brush border loss. AKI developed 24 h post sepsis insult as depicted by increase in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), renal oxidative stress, and elevated inflammatory biomarkers levels. Moreover, septic rats displayed increased bacterial load, renal expression of phosphodiesterase-4B, 4D isoforms, enhanced vascular permeability, caspase-3 and myeloperoxidase activity, electrolyte imbalance, reduced Na+ K+ ATPase activity, declined cAMP levels, increased interstitial leukocyte infiltration, and leakage in urinary sediments along with histological alterations. Pre-treatment with roflumilast at high dose completely prevented the various AKI associated manifestations in septic rats. Renal hyper-inflammation and leukocyte infiltration was detected in late phase of S-AKI. Roflumilast pre-treatment resolved sepsis induced renal dysfunction and histological damage by suppressing late phase renal immune cells invasion and anti-inflammatory effects mediated by up-regulation of renal cAMP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala, India
| | - Sneha Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Ragini Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Abha Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Pallavi Sen
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
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21
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Großkopf H, Walter K, Karkossa I, von Bergen M, Schubert K. Non-Genomic AhR-Signaling Modulates the Immune Response in Endotoxin-Activated Macrophages After Activation by the Environmental Stressor BaP. Front Immunol 2021; 12:620270. [PMID: 33868237 PMCID: PMC8045971 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.620270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies revealed that the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a receptor sensing environmental contaminants, is executing an immunomodulatory function. However, it is an open question to which extent this is achieved by its role as a transcription factor or via non-genomic signaling. We utilized a multi-post-translational modification-omics approach to examine non-genomic AhR-signaling after activation with endogenous (FICZ) or exogenous (BaP) ligand in endotoxin-activated (LPS) monocyte-derived macrophages. While AhR activation affected abundances of few proteins, regulation of ubiquitination and phosphorylation were highly pronounced. Although the number and strength of effects depended on the applied AhR-ligand, both ligands increased ubiquitination of Rac1, which participates in PI3K/AKT-pathway-dependent macrophage activation, resulting in a pro-inflammatory phenotype. In contrast, co-treatment with ligand and LPS revealed a decreased AKT activity mediating an anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, our data show an immunomodulatory effect of AhR activation through a Rac1ubiquitination-dependent mechanism that attenuated AKT-signaling, resulting in a mitigated inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Großkopf
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katharina Walter
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel Karkossa
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
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22
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El-Gamal M, Salama M, Collins-Praino LE, Baetu I, Fathalla AM, Soliman AM, Mohamed W, Moustafa AA. Neurotoxin-Induced Rodent Models of Parkinson's Disease: Benefits and Drawbacks. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:897-923. [PMID: 33765237 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by cardinal motor impairments, including akinesia and tremor, as well as by a host of non-motor symptoms, including both autonomic and cognitive dysfunction. PD is associated with a death of nigral dopaminergic neurons, as well as the pathological spread of Lewy bodies, consisting predominantly of the misfolded protein alpha-synuclein. To date, only symptomatic treatments, such as levodopa, are available, and trials aiming to cure the disease, or at least halt its progression, have not been successful. Wong et al. (2019) suggested that the lack of effective therapy against neurodegeneration in PD might be attributed to the fact that the molecular mechanisms standing behind the dopaminergic neuronal vulnerability are still a major scientific challenge. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is critical for developing effective therapy. Thirty-five years ago, Calne and William Langston (1983) raised the question of whether biological or environmental factors precipitate the development of PD. In spite of great advances in technology and medicine, this question still lacks a clear answer. Only 5-15% of PD cases are attributed to a genetic mutation, with the majority of cases classified as idiopathic, which could be linked to exposure to environmental contaminants. Rodent models play a crucial role in understanding the risk factors and pathogenesis of PD. Additionally, well-validated rodent models are critical for driving the preclinical development of clinically translatable treatment options. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms, similarities and differences, as well as advantages and limitations of different neurotoxin-induced rat models of PD. In the second part of this review, we will discuss the potential future of neurotoxin-induced models of PD. Finally, we will briefly demonstrate the crucial role of gene-environment interactions in PD and discuss fusion or dual PD models. We argue that these models have the potential to significantly further our understanding of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Gamal
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. .,Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Ahmed M Fathalla
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amira M Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wael Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Basic Medical Science, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology and Marcs Institute for Brain and Behaviour, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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23
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Jin J, Qian H, Wan B, Zhou L, Chen C, Lv Y, Chen M, Zhu S, Ye L, Wang X, Xu W, Lv T, Song Y. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase deficiency hyperactivates macrophages and aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L1011-L1024. [PMID: 33729030 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00281.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation is a key contributing factor for excessive inflammatory responses of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) plays a key role in the development of inflammatory diseases. Our group previously showed that GGPPS in alveolar epithelium have deleterious effects on acute lung injury induced by LPS or mechanical ventilation. Herein, we examined the role of GGPPS in modulating macrophage activation in ALI/ARDS. We found significant increased GGPPS expression in alveolar macrophages in patients with ARDS compared with healthy volunteers and in ALI mice induced by LPS. GGPPS-floxed control (GGPPSfl/fl) and myeloid-selective knockout (GGPPSfl/flLysMcre) mice were then generated. Interestingly, using an LPS-induced ALI mouse model, we showed that myeloid-specific GGPPS knockout significantly increased mortality, aggravated lung injury, and increased the accumulation of inflammatory cells, total protein, and inflammatory cytokines in BALF. In vitro, GGPPS deficiency upregulated the production of LPS-induced IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in alveolar macrophages, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), and THP-1 cells. Mechanistically, GGPPS knockout increased phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 induced by LPS. In addition, GGPPS deficiency increased the level of GTP-Rac1, which was responsible for NF-κB activation. In conclusion, decreased expression of GGPPS in macrophages aggravates lung injury and inflammation in ARDS, at least partly by regulating Rac1-dependent NF-κB signaling. GGPPS in macrophages may represent a novel therapeutic target in ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cen Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China
| | - Yanling Lv
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Meizi Chen
- Department of General Internal Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
| | - Suhua Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Wujian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (Guangzhou), Nanjing, China
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24
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Abstract
Since the Great Oxidation Event, about 2.4 billion years ago, the Earth is immersed in an oxidizing atmosphere. Thus, it has been proposed that excess oxygen, originally a waste product of photosynthetic cyanobacteria, induced oxidative stress and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have since acted as fundamental drivers of biologic evolution and eukaryogenesis. Indeed, throughout an organism’s lifespan, ROS affect directly (as mutagens) or indirectly (as messengers and regulators) all structural and functional components of cells, and many aspects of cell biology. Whether left unchecked by protective antioxidant systems, excess ROS not only cause genomic mutations but also induce irreversible oxidative modification of proteins (protein oxidation and peroxidation), lipids and glycans (advanced lipoxidation and glycation end products), impairing their function and promoting disease or cell death. Conversely, low-level local ROS play an important role both as redox-signaling molecules in a wide spectrum of pathways involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis (MAPK/ERK, PTK/PTP, PI3K-AKT-mTOR), and regulating key transcription factors (NFκB/IκB, Nrf2/KEAP1, AP-1, p53, HIF-1). Consequently, ROS can shape a variety of cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. In this review, we will give a brief overview of the relevance of ROS in both physiological and pathological processes, particularly inflammation and aging. In-depth knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of ROS actuation and their influence under steady-state and stressful conditions will pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic interventions. This will mitigate the harmful outcomes of ROS in the onset and progression of a variety of chronic inflammatory and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Checa
- Immune-Inflammatory Processes and Gene Therapeutics Group, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Josep M Aran
- Immune-Inflammatory Processes and Gene Therapeutics Group, IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona 08907, Spain
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25
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Almayouf MA, El-khadragy M, Awad MA, Alolayan EM. The Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Fig and Olive Extracts on Cutaneous leishmaniasis Induced Inflammation in Female Balb/c Mice. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20202672. [PMID: 33252120 PMCID: PMC7745064 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of infectious and non-contagious severe parasitic diseases, caused by protozoans of the Leishmania genus. Natural products characterize a rich source of prospective chemical entities for the development of new effective drugs for neglected diseases. Scientific evaluation of medicinal plants has made it possible to use some metabolites from flavonoids and polyphenols compounds for the treatment of parasitic diseases. Therefore, we aimed in this study to evaluate the protective effect of Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) biosynthesized using Fig and Olive extracts (NFO) against Cutaneous leishmaniasis in female Balb/c mice. A total of 70 mice were used and divided into seven groups. Treatment was initiated when local lesions were apparent, we found Fig and Olive extracts were found to be a good source for the synthesis of (Ag-NPs), their formation was confirmed by color change and stability in solution. Nanoparticles biosynthesized using Fig and Olive extracts induced a reduction in the average size of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions compared with the untreated mice. Moreover, nanoparticles treatment decreased oxidative stress (LPO, NO), down regulation gene expression levels (TNF-α, IL-1β and BAX) and this antileishmanial activity of nanoparticles was associated with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. In addition, histopathological evaluation proved the antileishmanial activity of nanoparticles compared to the positive control. Therefore, we aimed in this study to evaluate the protective effect of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Fig and Olive extracts against cutaneous lesions induced by Leishmania major infection through their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and faster clinical efficacy than standard pentavalent antimonial treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina A. Almayouf
- Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal El-khadragy
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Manal A. Awad
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtesam M. Alolayan
- Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Ruan W, Engevik MA, Chang-Graham AL, Danhof HA, Goodwin A, Engevik KA, Shi Z, Hall A, Rienzi SCD, Venable S, Britton RA, Hyser J, Versalovic J. Enhancing responsiveness of human jejunal enteroids to host and microbial stimuli. J Physiol 2020; 598:3085-3105. [PMID: 32428244 PMCID: PMC7674265 DOI: 10.1113/jp279423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Enteroids are a physiologically relevant model to examine the human intestine and its functions. Previously, the measurable cytokine response of human intestinal enteroids has been limited following exposure to host or microbial pro-inflammatory stimuli. Modifications to enteroid culture conditions facilitated robust human cytokine responses to pro-inflammatory stimuli. This new human enteroid culture methodology refines the ability to study microbiome:human intestinal epithelium interactions in the laboratory. ABSTRACT The intestinal epithelium is the primary interface between the host, the gut microbiome and its external environment. Since the intestinal epithelium contributes to innate immunity as a first line of defence, understanding how the epithelium responds to microbial and host stimuli is an important consideration in promoting homeostasis. Human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) are primary epithelial cell cultures that can provide insights into the biology of the intestinal epithelium and innate immune responses. One potential limitation of using HIEs for innate immune studies is the relative lack of responsiveness to factors that stimulate epithelial cytokine production. We report technical refinements, including removal of extracellular antioxidants, to facilitate enhanced cytokine responses in HIEs. Using this new method, we demonstrate that HIEs have distinct cytokine profiles in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli derived from host and microbial sources. Overall, we found that host-derived cytokines tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1α stimulated reactive oxygen species and a large repertoire of cytokines. In contrast, microbial lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid and flagellin stimulated a limited number of cytokines and histamine did not stimulate the release of any cytokines. Importantly, HIE-secreted cytokines were functionally active, as denoted by the ability of human blood-derived neutrophil to migrate towards HIE supernatant containing interleukin-8. These findings establish that the immune responsiveness of HIEs depends on medium composition and stimuli. By refining the experimental culture medium and creating an environment conducive to epithelial cytokine responses by human enteroids, HIEs can facilitate exploration of many experimental questions pertaining to the role of the intestinal epithelium in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenly Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Melinda A Engevik
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Heather A Danhof
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Annie Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kristen A Engevik
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongcheng Shi
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anne Hall
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sara C Di Rienzi
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan Venable
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert A Britton
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Hyser
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Versalovic
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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27
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Shahraz A, Wißfeld J, Ginolhac A, Mathews M, Sinkkonen L, Neumann H. Phagocytosis-related NADPH oxidase 2 subunit gp91phox contributes to neurodegeneration after repeated systemic challenge with lipopolysaccharides. Glia 2020; 69:137-150. [PMID: 32721081 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Repeated systemic challenge with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can induce microglia activation and inflammatory neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of mice. We now explored the role of mononuclear phagocytes associated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX-2) in inflammatory neurodegeneration. Cybb-deficient NOX-2 knock-out (KO) and control wild type (WT) mice were treated intraperitoneally daily over four consecutive days with 1 μg/gbw/day LPS. Transcriptome analysis by RNA-seq of total brain tissue indicated increased LPS-induced upregulation of genes belonging to the reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species production, complement and lysosome activation as well as apoptosis and necroptosis in WT compared to NOX-2 KO mice. Validation of up-regulated gene transcripts via qRT-PCR confirmed that LPS-challenged NOX-2 KO mice expressed lower levels of the microglial phagocytosis-related genes Nos2, Cd68, Aif1/Iba1, Cyba, Itgam, and Fcer1g compared to WT mice at Day 5 after systemic inflammatory challenge, but no significant differences in the pro-inflammatory genes Tnfα and Il1b as well as microglial IBA1 and CD68 intensities were observed between both genotypes. Furthermore, loss of tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) and NeuN positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta upon repeated systemic LPS application were attenuated in NOX-2 KO mice. Thus, our data demonstrate that loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta after repeated systemic challenge with LPS is associated with a microglial phagocytosis-related gene activation profile involving the NADPH oxidase subunit Cybb/gp91phox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Shahraz
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Jannis Wißfeld
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Aurélien Ginolhac
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, avenue du Swing, Belvaux, L4367, Luxembourg
| | - Mona Mathews
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Lasse Sinkkonen
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, 6, avenue du Swing, Belvaux, L4367, Luxembourg
| | - Harald Neumann
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany
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28
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Haghani A, Cacciottolo M, Doty KR, D'Agostino C, Thorwald M, Safi N, Levine ME, Sioutas C, Town TC, Forman HJ, Zhang H, Morgan TE, Finch CE. Mouse brain transcriptome responses to inhaled nanoparticulate matter differed by sex and APOE in Nrf2-Nfkb interactions. eLife 2020; 9:e54822. [PMID: 32579111 PMCID: PMC7314548 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotoxicity of air pollution is undefined for sex and APOE alleles. These major risk factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD) were examined in mice given chronic exposure to nPM, a nano-sized subfraction of urban air pollution. In the cerebral cortex, female mice had two-fold more genes responding to nPM than males. Transcriptomic responses to nPM had sex-APOE interactions in AD-relevant pathways. Only APOE3 mice responded to nPM in genes related to Abeta deposition and clearance (Vav2, Vav3, S1009a). Other responding genes included axonal guidance, inflammation (AMPK, NFKB, APK/JNK signaling), and antioxidant signaling (NRF2, HIF1A). Genes downstream of NFKB and NRF2 responded in opposite directions to nPM. Nrf2 knockdown in microglia augmented NFKB responses to nPM, suggesting a critical role of NRF2 in air pollution neurotoxicity. These findings give a rationale for epidemiologic studies of air pollution to consider sex interactions with APOE alleles and other AD-risk genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Haghani
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Mafalda Cacciottolo
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Kevin R Doty
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Carla D'Agostino
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Max Thorwald
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Nikoo Safi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Morgan E Levine
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Terrence C Town
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Henry Jay Forman
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Hongqiao Zhang
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Todd E Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
- Dornsife College, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
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Heckman KL, Estevez AY, DeCoteau W, Vangellow S, Ribeiro S, Chiarenzelli J, Hays-Erlichman B, Erlichman JS. Variable in Vivo and in Vitro Biological Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Formulations. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1599. [PMID: 32047435 PMCID: PMC6997543 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) exhibit redox capacity in vitro with efficacy in in vivo disease models of oxidative stress. Here we compare, in parallel, three CeNP formulations with distinct chemical stabilizers and size. In vitro assays revealed antioxidant activity from all the CeNPs, but when administered to mice with a reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated model of multiple sclerosis, only custom-synthesized Cerion NRx (CNRx) citrate-EDTA stabilized CeNPs provided protection against disease. Detectable levels of ceria and reduced ROS levels in the brains of CNRx CeNP-treated mice imply that these CeNPs' unique properties influence tissue distribution and subsequent biological activity, suggesting why differing CeNP formulations yield different in vivo effects in various models. Further, the variation in in vivo vs in vitro results with these CeNP formulations highlights the necessity for in vivo studies that confirm whether the inherent catalytic activity of CeNPs is maintained after transport and distribution within intact biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin L Heckman
- Department of Biology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, United States
| | - Ana Y Estevez
- Department of Biology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, United States.,Department of Psychology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, United States
| | - William DeCoteau
- Department of Psychology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, United States
| | | | - Samantha Ribeiro
- Department of Biology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Joseph S Erlichman
- Department of Biology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, United States
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30
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Song Y, Li P, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Liu L, Dong M. Photodegradation of porphyrin-bound hIAPP(1–37) fibrils. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj06082k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid deposits in pancreatic islets of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are mainly comprised of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), the degradation of hIAPP fibrils by photoactive porphyrin could be a preventive strategy against T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiu Song
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
| | - Ping Li
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
| | - Yin Wang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- Denmark
| | - Zhefei Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- Denmark
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang
- China
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- Denmark
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31
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Yang H, Song Z, Hong D. CRBN knockdown mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by suppression of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress associated NF-κB signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109761. [PMID: 31865141 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common clinical disorder, resulting in substantial health problems in the world. However, the molecular mechanism that contributes to ALI is still unclear. Cereblon (CRBN) has recently been identified as a target for immunomodulatory drugs, playing a critical role in regulating various cellular processes. In the study, we attempted to explore the effects of CRBN on the progression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. First, we found that CRBN expression was markedly up-regulated in lung tissues of LPS-challenged mice. Our results suggested that CRBN knockdown mice exhibited better survival rate after LPS challenge, accompanied with improved histological alterations. Further, CRBN decrease effectively ameliorated pulmonary injury by reducing lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio and protein levels, neutrophil infiltration, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. In addition, LPS-triggered inflammation in lung tissues was markedly alleviated in CRBN knockdown mice by reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines through the inactivation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. Moreover, CRBN knockdown mice exhibited alleviated oxidative stress by promoting nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf-2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling. ER stress stimulated by LPS in pulmonary tissues was significantly alleviated by CRBN knockdown through reducing the expression of ER stress associated signals, including CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein Homologous Protein (CHOP), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), XBP-1, activating transcription factor (ATF)-4, ATF-6 and phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 on Ser51 of the α subunit (eIF2α). The protective effects of CRBN knockdown against ALI were verified in LPS-incubated human pulmonary epithelial cells. Importantly, we found that CRBN knockdown-ameliorated inflammatory response was markedly abrogated by the pre-treatment of Nrf-2 inhibitor and ER stress activator, suggesting that CRBN-regulated inflammation in ALI was partly through the meditation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In conclusion, our study firstly provided a support that CRBN decrease effectively protected LPS-induced ALI against inflammatory response mainly through the repression of oxidative stress and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huobao Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital , Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Zhen Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Yuncheng County Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yuncheng County, Shandong Province, 274700, China
| | - Donghuang Hong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital , Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China.
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32
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Zhang T, Guo J, Gu J, Chen K, Li H, Wang J. Protective Role of mTOR in Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Involvement of Inflammation and Autophagy. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019; 2019:7861290. [PMID: 31827701 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7861290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a common phenomenon after liver resection and transplantation, which often results in liver graft dysfunction such as delayed graft function and primary nonfunction. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, which coordinates cell growth and metabolism through sensing environmental inputs under physiological or pathological conditions, involved in the pathophysiological process of IR injury. In this review, we mainly present current evidence of the beneficial role of mTOR in modulating inflammation and autophagy under liver IR to provide some evidence for the potential therapies for liver IR injury.
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Hsiao HT, Liu YY, Wang JCF, Lin YC, Liu YC. The analgesic effect of propofol associated with the inhibition of hypoxia inducible factor and inflammasome in complex regional pain syndrome. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:74. [PMID: 31627754 PMCID: PMC6798505 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is related to microcirculation impairment caused by tissue hypoxia and peripheral cytokine overproduction in the affected human limb and chronic post-ischemic pain (CPIP) is considered as an animal model for this intractable disease. Previous studies suggest that the pathogenesis of CPIP involves the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and an exaggerated regional inflammatory and free radical response. The inhibition of HIF-1α is known to relieve CPIP. So, propofol, as a free radical scavenger, is very likely to be beneficial in terms of relieving CPIP. METHODS We set up a CPIP model using the hindpaw of mice. We administered propofol (10 mg/kg) just after the reperfusion period (early stage) and also on the second day (late stage), as treatment. The analysis evaluated the expression of HIF-1α, free radicals, and inflammasome. RESULTS Propofol administration produced obvious analgesia in both mechanical and thermal evaluation in the early stage of CPIP (2 h after reperfusion). Only a mild analgesic effect was found in the late stage (48 h later after reperfusion). In the early stage, the expression of HIF-1α and the inflammasome marker (NALP1) along with caspase-1 were suppressed by propofol. The free radical level also decreased in the propofol group. But those molecular changes were not founded in the late stage of CPIP. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that propofol produces mice analgesia in the early stage of CPIP and this effect is associated with inhibition of free radical, hypoxia inducible factor and inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Tsung Hsiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yuarn Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey Chi-Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chi Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
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Nagai Y, Matoba K, Kawanami D, Takeda Y, Akamine T, Ishizawa S, Kanazawa Y, Yokota T, Utsunomiya K, Nishimura R. ROCK2 regulates TGF-β-induced expression of CTGF and profibrotic genes via NF-κB and cytoskeleton dynamics in mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F839-F851. [PMID: 31364374 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00596.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase Rho and its effector Rho kinase (ROCK) are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Rho kinase has two isoforms: ROCK1 and ROCK2. However, it remains unclear which is mainly involved in the progression of diabetic glomerulosclerosis and the regulation of profibrotic mediators. Glomeruli isolated from type 2 diabetic db/db mice demonstrated increased gene expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and its downstream profibrotic mediators. Chemical inhibition of ROCK suppressed the expression of profibrotic mediators in both isolated glomeruli and cultured mesangial cells. An investigation of mechanisms underlying this observation revealed activated ROCK functions through the phosphorylation of JNK and Erk and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB via actin dynamics. Knockdown by siRNA against ROCK1 and ROCK2 showed that ROCK2 but not ROCK1 controls this fibrotic machinery. Further in vivo experiments showed that ROCK2 activity in the renal cortex of db/db mice was elevated compared with control db/m mice. Importantly, oral administration of ROCK2 inhibitor attenuated renal ROCK2 activity, albuminuria, and glomerular fibrosis in db/db mice. These observations indicate that ROCK2 is a key player in the development of diabetic renal injury. Glomerular ROCK2 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Nagai
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Matoba
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takeda
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Akamine
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Ishizawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kanazawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yokota
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Utsunomiya
- Center for Preventive Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rimei Nishimura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Sivandzade F, Bhalerao A, Cucullo L. Cerebrovascular and Neurological Disorders: Protective Role of NRF2. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143433. [PMID: 31336872 PMCID: PMC6678730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular defense mechanisms, intracellular signaling, and physiological functions are regulated by electrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent works strongly considered imbalanced ROS and electrophile overabundance as the leading cause of cellular and tissue damage, whereas oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role for the onset and progression of major cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative pathologies. These include Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), stroke, and aging. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2) is the major modulator of the xenobiotic-activated receptor (XAR) and is accountable for activating the antioxidative response elements (ARE)-pathway modulating the detoxification and antioxidative responses of the cells. NRF2 activity, however, is also implicated in carcinogenesis protection, stem cells regulation, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, and so forth. Herein, we briefly describe the NRF2–ARE pathway and provide a review analysis of its functioning and system integration as well as its role in major CNS disorders. We also discuss NRF2-based therapeutic approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Sivandzade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Aditya Bhalerao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
- Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
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36
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Moosova Z, Pekarova M, Sindlerova LS, Vasicek O, Kubala L, Blaha L, Adamovsky O. Immunomodulatory effects of cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin on innate immune cells. Chemosphere 2019; 226:439-446. [PMID: 30951938 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN), a cyanobacterial toxin, is an important water pollutant with broad biological activity. It has been known mainly from tropical areas, but the area of occurrence of its producers is spreading to temperate climates. It can be found in high concentrations in the environment as well as in purified drinking waters. The aim of the study is to bring a basic information on the ability of CYN to interfere with mammalian innate immunity cells and thus increase the understanding of the immunomodulatory potency of CYN. This study investigated whether immune cells can be a target of CYN either alone or in combination with a model immunomodulatory agent, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We examined the effects on cellular viability and inflammation signaling of CYN on murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells. Macrophages were treated either with pure toxin (1 μM) or together with a known stimulator of immunologically active cells, bacterial or cyanobacterial LPS. CYN has had a significant effect on production on pro-inflammatory mediator tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) which correlates with its effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We found that CYN potentiated the effect of bacterial and cyanobacterial LPS that was documented by activation of inflammatory signaling pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 as well as consequent expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6). Our study brings one of the first information that contributes to the elucidation of immunomodulatory role of CYN in macrophages under normal and pro-inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdena Moosova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Pekarova
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Svihalkova Sindlerova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic; The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Vasicek
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Kubala
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Blaha
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Adamovsky
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
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37
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Pan C, Si Y, Meng Q, Jing L, Chen L, Zhang Y, Bao H. Suppression of the RAC1/MLK3/p38 Signaling Pathway by β-Elemene Alleviates Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy in Mice. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:358. [PMID: 31068775 PMCID: PMC6491839 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
It is still difficult to treat sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) which is a diffuse brain dysfunction caused by sepsis, with excessive activation of microglia as one of the main mechanisms. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) is proven to be a key molecule in the inflammatory signaling network. By using microglial cell line BV-2 and a mouse model of cecal ligation puncture (CLP), we herein evaluated the effects of β-elemene, an extract of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc., on RAC1 signaling in microglia. β-Elemene decreased the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6] and attenuated translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 from the cytosol to the nucleus in BV-2 cells after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. It also inhibited the activation of RAC1, mixed-lineage protein kinase 3 (MLK3) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The phosphorylation of the RAC1 Ser71 site was increased by β-elemene. Moreover, the learning and memory abilities of CLP mice in the water maze test and fear conditioning test were improved after β-elemene treatment. It reduced the expression of the microglial marker IBA1, significantly increased RAC1 Ser71 phosphorylation, and suppressed the RAC1/MLK3/p38 signaling activation and inflammatory response in the hippocampus. In conclusion, β-elemene effectively alleviated SAE in mice and inhibited the RAC1/MLK3/p38 signaling pathway in microglia, and might be an eligible potential candidate for SAE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailong Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanna Si
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinghai Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongguang Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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38
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Feng Y, Ma M, Zhang X, Liu D, Wang L, Qian C, Wei G, Zhu B. Characterization of small GTPase Rac1 and its interaction with PAK1 in crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 87:178-183. [PMID: 30639478 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) participates in many biological processes. In this study, a Rac1 gene was identified in the crayfish Procambarus clarkii with an open reading frame of 579 bp that encoded 192 amino acids. This predicted 21.4 kDa protein was highly homologous to those in other invertebrates. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that Pc-Rac1 was expressed in all examined tissues with the highest expression level in hemocytes. The transcriptional expression level of Pc-Rac1 was significantly upregulated in hemocytes and hepatopancreas after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (poly I: C) induction. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and western blot analysis suggested that a recombinant Pc-Rac1 protein was successfully expressed in E. coli. Far-western blot analysis demonstrated that Rac1 can interact with the PBD domain of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1). RNA interference of Pc-Rac1 affected the mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes lectin, Toll, crustin, TNF, ALF and cactus. These results suggest that Pc-Rac1 is involved in the innate immune responses in P. clarkii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Maolin Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Die Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Cen Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Guoqing Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Baojian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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39
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Zhu X, Guo F, Tang H, Huang C, Xie G, Huang T, Li Y, Liu C, Wang H, Chen B. Islet Transplantation Attenuating Testicular Injury in Type 1 Diabetic Rats Is Associated with Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Nrf-2/HO-1 and NF- κB Pathways. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:8712492. [PMID: 31583254 PMCID: PMC6748178 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8712492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular structural and functional impairment is a serious complication in male diabetes mellitus (DM) patients that leads to impaired fertility in adulthood. In contrast to other endocrine therapies, islet transplantation (IT) can effectively prevent and even reverse diabetic nephropathy and myocardial damage. However, whether IT can alleviate diabetes-induced testicular injury remains unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate the effect of IT on diabetes-induced testicular damage. A diabetic rat model was established by streptozotocin injection. DM, IT, and insulin treatment (INS) groups were compared after 4 weeks of respective treatment. We confirmed that IT could effectively attenuate diabetes-induced testicular damage and recover sperm counts more extensively compared with INS in diabetic rats. In addition, significantly higher levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lower contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected in the testes of the IT group versus diabetic rats. Mechanism studies revealed that IT significantly activates the expression of Nrf-2, HO-1, and NQO-1 and inhibits upregulation of the NF-κB expression in response to DM, while INS only exhibit slight impact on the protein expression. Therefore, we speculate that IT may prevent the progression of testicular damage by downregulating oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation via Nrf-2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feixia Guo
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hengjie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chongchu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gangyin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yonglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chengyang Liu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
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Sun Q, Xin F, Wen X, Lu C, Chen R, Ruan G. Protective Effects of Different Kinds of Filtered Water on Hypertensive Mouse by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018; 2018:2917387. [PMID: 30622665 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2917387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in hypertensive animals and patients. Hydrogen plays a role of antioxidation and anti-inflammation. Calcium and magnesium play an important role in reducing hypertension and antioxidant. Filtered water contains abundant hydrogen and a large number of other essential elements of the human body. We investigated the protective effects of filtered water on hypertensive mice. To establish hypertension model, ICR mice were administered with N′-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hydrochloride 64 mg/kg per day for 1 month. The hypertensive mice were, respectively, administered with pure water, tap water, and filtered water for 2 months. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymatic activity, endothelin-1 (ET-1), angiotensin II (Ang II), and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) were assessed. Expressions of phosphorylated NF-κB P65 in the kidney were analyzed by western blot. qRT-PCR analysis was adopted to determine the expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokines and NF-κB P65. The results demonstrated that filtered water can reduce the blood pressure. Filtered water treatment restored the activity of antioxidant enzymes, downregulated ET-1, and Ang II in the serum of mice. Filtered water treatment suppressed proinflammatory cytokines and decreased the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NF-κB P65. Consumption of filtered water inhibited the expression of NF-κB P65. This suggests that filtered water can reduce the blood pressure. The protection mechanisms include downregulating oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation, which is partly due to the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Sivandzade F, Prasad S, Bhalerao A, Cucullo L. NRF2 and NF-қB interplay in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders: Molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic approaches. Redox Biol 2019; 21:101059. [PMID: 30576920 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in modulating cellular defense mechanisms as well as physiological functions, and intracellular signaling. However, excessive ROS generation (endogenous and exogenous) can create a state of redox imbalance leading to cellular and tissue damage (Ma and He, 2012) [1]. A growing body of research data strongly suggests that imbalanced ROS and electrophile overproduction are among the major prodromal factors in the onset and progression of several cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and aging (Ma and He, 2012; Ramsey et al., 2017; Salminen et al., 2012; Sandberg et al., 2014; Sarlette et al., 2008; Tanji et al., 2013) [1-6]. Cells offset oxidative stress by the action of housekeeping antioxidative enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) as well direct and indirect antioxidants (Dinkova-Kostova and Talalay, 2010) [7]. The DNA sequence responsible for modulating the antioxidative and cytoprotective responses of the cells has been identified as the antioxidant response element (ARE), while the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2) is the major regulator of the xenobiotic-activated receptor (XAR) responsible for activating the ARE-pathway, thus defined as the NRF2-ARE system (Ma and He, 2012) [1]. In addition, the interplay between the NRF2-ARE system and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB, a protein complex that controls cytokine production and cell survival), has been further investigated in relation to neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders. On these premises, we provide a review analysis of current understanding of the NRF2-NF-ĸB interplay, their specific role in major CNS disorders, and consequent therapeutic implication for the treatment of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmat Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, School of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Directorate of Medical Sciences, Old Campus, Allama Iqbal Road, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Rida Zainab
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Directorate of Medical Sciences, Old Campus, Allama Iqbal Road, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Liang Y, Fan C, Yan X, Lu X, Jiang H, Di S, Ma Z, Feng Y, Zhang Z, Feng P, Feng X, Feng J, Jin F. Berberine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide‐induced acute lung injury via the
PERK
‐mediated
Nrf2/HO‐1
signaling axis. Phytother Res 2018; 33:130-148. [PMID: 30346043 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- Department of Respiration Kunming General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Kunming China
| | - Chongxi Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Shouyin Di
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yingtong Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The 97th Hospital of PLA Xuzhou China
| | - Zhengbin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Pan Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Faguang Jin
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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Pohlmann S, Scheu S, Ziegler V, Schupp N, Henninger C, Fritz G. Hepatic Rac1 GTPase contributes to liver-mediated basal immune homeostasis and LPS-induced endotoxemia. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research 2018; 1865:1277-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Niino T, Tago K, Yasuda D, Takahashi K, Mashino T, Tamura H, Funakoshi-tago M. A 5-hydroxyoxindole derivative attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory responses by activating the p38-Nrf2 signaling axis. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:182-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Choi HE, Kwak HJ, Kim SK, Cheon HG. Foenumoside B isolated from Lysimachia foenum-graecum extract suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory response via NF-κB/AP-1 inactivation in murine macrophages and in endotoxin-induced shock model. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 832:120-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Tian X, Gan H, Zeng Y, Zhao H, Tang R, Xia Y. Inhibition of semaphorin-3a suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:713-724. [PMID: 29909462 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Semaphorin-3a (Sema3A), a soluble axon guidance cue, appears to play an important role in the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) and has been regarded as an early diagnostic marker to evaluate the progression of AKI. However, the role of Sema3A in sepsis-associated AKI remains unknown. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to simulate sepsis-associated AKI and the role of Sema3A in LPS-induced AKI was investigated in vivo and in vitro. In our in vivo study, Sema3A was found in tubular epithelial cells (TECs), which presented a higher level after LPS treatment. Meanwhile, the results of our in vitro experiment showed that Sema3A was also elevated in NRK-52E cells treated by LPS. Notably, inhibition of Sema3A by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could significantly reduce kidney inflammation and apoptosis in mice. Likewise, EGCG intervention also ameliorated the inflammation and apoptosis of cells in vitro. Furthermore, our research also found that the Rac1/NF-κB p65 and JNK pathways were possibly involved in the Sema3A-mediated inflammation and apoptosis of TECs, respectively. Our findings suggest that Sema3A play a pathogenic role by promoting inflammation and apoptosis of TECs in LPS-induced AKI. It might serve as a useful treatment target in ameliorating sepsis-associated AKI. KEY MESSAGES: Sema3A is upregulated in LPS-induced AKI. Inhibition of Sema3A attenuates inflammation and apoptosis of TECs in LPS-induced AKI. Sema3A enhances the LPS-induced inflammation of TECs through the Rac1/NF-κB p65 pathway. Sema3A exacerbates the LPS-induced apoptosis of TECs through the JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hua Gan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yizhou Zeng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hongfei Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yunfeng Xia
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Li P, Fan JB, Gao Y, Zhang M, Zhang L, Yang N, Zhao X. miR-135b-5p inhibits LPS-induced TNFα production via silencing AMPK phosphatase Ppm1e. Oncotarget 2018; 7:77978-77986. [PMID: 27793001 PMCID: PMC5363637 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AMPK activation in monocytes could suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tissue-damaging TNFa production. We are set to provoke AMPK activation via microRNA (“miRNA”) downregulating its phosphatase Ppm1e. In human U937 and THP-1 monocytes, forced expression of microRNA-135b-5p (“miR-135b-5p”) downregulated Ppm1e and activated AMPK signaling. Further, LPS-induced TNFα production in above cells was dramatically attenuated. Ppm1e shRNA knockdown in U937 cells also activated AMPK and inhibited TNFα production by LPS. AMPK activation is required for miR-135b-induced actions in monocytes, AMPKα shRNA knockdown or T172A dominant negative mutation almost abolished miR-135b-5p's suppression on LPS-induced TNFα production. Significantly, miR-135b-5p inhibited LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, NFκB activation and TNFα mRNA expression in human macrophages. AMPKα knockdown or mutation again abolished above actions by miR-135b-5p. We conclude that miR-135b-5p expression downregulates Ppm1e to activate AMPK signaling, which inhibits LPS-induced TNFα production via suppressing ROS production and NFκB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Bo Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
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Lao Y, Yang K, Wang Z, Sun X, Zou Q, Yu X, Cheng J, Tong X, Yeh ETH, Yang J, Yi J. DeSUMOylation of MKK7 kinase by the SUMO2/3 protease SENP3 potentiates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory signaling in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3965-3980. [PMID: 29352108 PMCID: PMC5857993 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.816769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein SUMOylation has been reported to play a role in innate immune response, but the enzymes, substrates, and consequences of the specific inflammatory signaling events are largely unknown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are abundantly produced during macrophage activation and required for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammatory signaling. Previously, we demonstrated that SENP3 is a redox-sensitive SUMO2/3 protease. To explore any links between reversible SUMOylation and ROS-related inflammatory signaling in macrophage activation, we generated mice with Senp3 conditional knock-out in myeloid cells. In bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in vitro and in vivo inflammation models, we found that SENP3 deficiency markedly compromises the activation of TLR4 inflammatory signaling and the production of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages exposed to LPS. Moreover, Senp3 conditional knock-out mice were significantly less susceptible to septic shock. Of note, SENP3 deficiency was associated with impairment in JNK phosphorylation. We found that MKK7, which selectively phosphorylates JNK, is a SENP3 substrate and that SENP3-mediated deSUMOylation of MKK7 may favor its binding to JNK. Importantly, ROS-dependent SENP3 accumulation and MKK7 deSUMOylation rapidly occurred after LPS stimulation. In conclusion, our findings indicate that SENP3 potentiates LPS-induced TLR4 signaling via deSUMOylation of MKK7 leading to enhancement in JNK phosphorylation and the downstream events. Therefore this work provides novel mechanistic insights into redox regulation of innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Lao
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kai Yang
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China, and
| | - Xueqing Sun
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiang Zou
- the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China, and
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China, and
| | - Jinke Cheng
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xuemei Tong
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Edward T H Yeh
- the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Jie Yang
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China,
| | - Jing Yi
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China,
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Wu G, Dai X, Li X, Jiang H. ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF RHAMNAZIN ON LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY AND INFLAMMATION IN RATS. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2017. [PMID: 28638883 PMCID: PMC5471467 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Acute Lung Injury (ALI) results into severe inflammation and oxidative stress to the pulmonary tissue. Rhamnazin is a natural flavonoid and known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Materials and methods: The antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties rhamnazin were tested for protection against the acute lung injury. We investigated whether rhamnazin improves the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in an animal model (rat). We also studied the probable molecular mechanism of action of rhamnazin. Rhamnazin was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) two days before intratracheal LPS challenge (5mg/kg). The changes in lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, LDH activity, pulmonary histopathology, BALF protein concentration, MPO activity, oxidative stress, cytokine production were estimated. Results: The results showed a significant attenuation of all the inflammatory parameters and a marked improvement in the pulmonary histopathology in the animal groups pretreated with rhamnazin. The rhamnazin pretreated group also showed activation of Nrf2 pathway and attenuation of ROS such as H2O2, MDA and hydroxyl ion. These results indicated that rhamnazin could attenuate the symptoms of ALI in rats due to its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Conclusion: The results strongly demonstrated that rhamnazin provides protection against LPS-induced ALI. The underlying mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory action may include inhibition of Nrf2 mediated antioxidative pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuoRong Wu
- Department of respiratory medicine, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213200, China
| | - XiaoPing Dai
- Department of respiratory medicine, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213200, China
| | - XiangRong Li
- Department of respiratory medicine, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213200, China
| | - HePing Jiang
- Department of respiratory medicine, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213200, China
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