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de Lima RAF, Dauby G, de Gasper AL, Fernandez EP, Vibrans AC, Oliveira AAD, Prado PI, Souza VC, F de Siqueira M, Ter Steege H. Comprehensive conservation assessments reveal high extinction risks across Atlantic Forest trees. Science 2024; 383:219-225. [PMID: 38207046 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq5099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Biodiversity is declining globally, yet many biodiversity hotspots still lack comprehensive species conservation assessments. Using multiple International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria to evaluate extinction risks and millions of herbarium and forest inventory records, we present automated conservation assessments for all tree species of the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot, including ~1100 heretofore unassessed species. About 65% of all species and 82% of endemic species are classified as threatened. We rediscovered five species classified as Extinct on the IUCN Red List and identified 13 endemics as possibly extinct. Uncertainties in species information had little influence on the assessments, but using fewer Red List criteria severely underestimated threat levels. We suggest that the conservation status of tropical forests worldwide is worse than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato A F de Lima
- Tropical Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, 13418-900 Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Gilles Dauby
- Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (AMAP), Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - André L de Gasper
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, 89030-903 Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Eduardo P Fernandez
- Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora (IUCN SSC Brazil Plant Red List Authority), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, 22460-030 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexander C Vibrans
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua São Paulo, 3250, 89030-000 Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo I Prado
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 321, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinícius C Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, 13418-900 Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marinez F de Siqueira
- Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora (IUCN SSC Brazil Plant Red List Authority), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, 22460-030 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Marquês de São Vicente 225, 22451-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hans Ter Steege
- Tropical Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands
- Quantitative Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands
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2
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Kohyama TI, Sheil D, Sun IF, Niiyama K, Suzuki E, Hiura T, Nishimura N, Hoshizaki K, Wu SH, Chao WC, Nur Hajar ZS, Rahajoe JS, Kohyama TS. Contribution of tree community structure to forest productivity across a thermal gradient in eastern Asia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1113. [PMID: 36914632 PMCID: PMC10011560 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their fundamental importance the links between forest productivity, diversity and climate remain contentious. We consider whether variation in productivity across climates reflects adjustment among tree species and individuals, or changes in tree community structure. We analysed data from 60 plots of humid old-growth forests spanning mean annual temperatures (MAT) from 2.0 to 26.6 °C. Comparing forests at equivalent aboveground biomass (160 Mg C ha-1), tropical forests ≥24 °C MAT averaged more than double the aboveground woody productivity of forests <12 °C (3.7 ± 0.3 versus 1.6 ± 0.1 Mg C ha-1 yr-1). Nonetheless, species with similar standing biomass and maximum stature had similar productivity across plots regardless of temperature. We find that differences in the relative contribution of smaller- and larger-biomass species explained 86% of the observed productivity differences. Species-rich tropical forests are more productive than other forests due to the high relative productivity of many short-stature, small-biomass species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo I Kohyama
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan. .,Center for Far Eastern Studies, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan. .,Department of Ecosystem Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Douglas Sheil
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Center for International Forestry Research, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat, 16115, Indonesia.,Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - I-Fang Sun
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Ecology and Sustainability, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Kaoru Niiyama
- Department of Forest Vegetation, Forest and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Eizi Suzuki
- Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8580, Japan
| | - Tsutom Hiura
- Department of Ecosystem Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Hoshizaki
- Department of Biological Environment, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Shu-Hui Wu
- Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei, 100060, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chao
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, 600355, Taiwan
| | - Zamah S Nur Hajar
- Forestry and Environment Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, 52109, Malaysia
| | - Joeni S Rahajoe
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Jawa Barat, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Takashi S Kohyama
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.,Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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3
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Vasconcelos T, O'Meara BC, Beaulieu JM. A flexible method for estimating tip diversification rates across a range of speciation and extinction scenarios. Evolution 2022; 76:1420-1433. [PMID: 35661352 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Estimates of diversification rates at the tips of a phylogeny provide a flexible approach for correlation analyses with multiple traits and to map diversification rates in space while also avoiding the uncertainty of deep time rate reconstructions. Available methods for tip rate estimation make different assumptions, and thus their accuracy usually depends on the characteristics of the underlying model generating the tree. Here, we introduce MiSSE, a trait-free, state-dependent speciation and extinction approach that can be used to estimate varying speciation, extinction, net diversification, turnover, and extinction fractions at the tips of the tree. We compare the accuracy of tip rates inferred by MiSSE against similar methods and demonstrate that, due to certain characteristics of the model, the error is generally low across a broad range of speciation and extinction scenarios. MiSSE can be used alongside regular phylogenetic comparative methods in trait-related diversification hypotheses, and we also describe a simple correction to avoid pseudoreplication from sister tips in analyses of independent contrasts. Finally, we demonstrate the capabilities of MiSSE, with a renewed focus on classic comparative methods, to examine the correlation between plant height and turnover rates in eucalypts, a species-rich lineage of flowering plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Vasconcelos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701
| | - Brian C O'Meara
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996
| | - Jeremy M Beaulieu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, 72701
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4
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Baraloto C, Vleminckx J, Engel J, Petronelli P, Dávila N, RÍos M, Valderrama Sandoval EH, Mesones I, Guevara Andino JE, Fortunel C, Allie E, Paine CET, Dourdain A, Goret J, Valverde‐Barrantes OJ, Draper F, Fine PVA. Biogeographic history and habitat specialization shape floristic and phylogenetic composition across Amazonian forests. ECOL MONOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Baraloto
- Institute of Environment Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University 11200 Southwest 8th Street Miami Florida 33199 USA
- INRAE UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Campus agronomique, BP 316 Kourou Cedex 97379 France
| | - Jason Vleminckx
- Institute of Environment Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University 11200 Southwest 8th Street Miami Florida 33199 USA
| | - Julien Engel
- AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des végétations) Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Boulevard de la Lironde Montpellier Cedex 5 TA A‐51/PS234398 France
| | - Pascal Petronelli
- CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Campus agronomique, BP 316 Kourou Cedex 97379 France
| | - Nállarett Dávila
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana Iquitos, Peru, Avenida José A. Quiñones km 2.5 Iquitos Loreto Perú
| | - Marcos RÍos
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana Iquitos, Peru, Avenida José A. Quiñones km 2.5 Iquitos Loreto Perú
| | | | - Italo Mesones
- Department of Integrative Biology and Jepson Herbaria University of California, Berkeley 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building 3140 Berkeley California 94720‐3140 USA
| | | | - Claire Fortunel
- AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des végétations) Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Boulevard de la Lironde Montpellier Cedex 5 TA A‐51/PS234398 France
| | - Elodie Allie
- INRAE UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Campus agronomique, BP 316 Kourou Cedex 97379 France
| | - C. E. Timothy Paine
- Environmental and Rural Sciences University of New England Armidale New South Wales 2351 Australia
| | - Aurélie Dourdain
- CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Campus agronomique, BP 316 Kourou Cedex 97379 France
| | - Jean‐Yves Goret
- INRAE UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane Université de Guyane Université des Antilles Campus agronomique, BP 316 Kourou Cedex 97379 France
| | - Oscar J. Valverde‐Barrantes
- Institute of Environment Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University 11200 Southwest 8th Street Miami Florida 33199 USA
| | - Freddie Draper
- Institute of Environment Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University 11200 Southwest 8th Street Miami Florida 33199 USA
- Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science Arizona State University 1001 South McAllister Avenue Tempe Tempe Arizona 85287 USA
- School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Paul V. A. Fine
- Department of Integrative Biology and Jepson Herbaria University of California, Berkeley 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building 3140 Berkeley California 94720‐3140 USA
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5
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Guevara Andino JE, Pitman NCA, Ter Steege H, Peralvo M, Cerón C, Fine PVA. The contribution of environmental and dispersal filters on phylogenetic and taxonomic beta diversity patterns in Amazonian tree communities. Oecologia 2021; 196:1119-37. [PMID: 34324078 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and dispersal filters are key determinants of species distributions of Amazonian tree communities. However, a comprehensive analysis of the role of environmental and dispersal filters is needed to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes that drive phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover of Amazonian tree communities. We compare measures of taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity in 41 one-hectare plots to test the relative importance of climate, soils, geology, geomorphology, pure spatial variables and the spatial variation of environmental drivers of phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover in Ecuadorian Amazon tree communities. We found low phylogenetic and high taxonomic turnover with respect to environmental and dispersal filters. In addition, our results suggest that climate is a significantly better predictor of phylogenetic turnover and taxonomic turnover than geomorphology and soils at all spatial scales. The influence of climate as a predictor of phylogenetic turnover was stronger at broader spatial scales (50 km2) whereas geomorphology and soils appear to be better predictors of taxonomic turnover at mid (5 km2) and fine spatial scales (0.5 km2) but a weak predictor of phylogenetic turnover at broad spatial scales. We also found that the combined effect of geomorphology and soils was significantly higher for taxonomic turnover at all spatial scales but not for phylogenetic turnover at large spatial scales. Geographic distances as proxy of dispersal limitation was a better predictor of phylogenetic turnover at distances of 50 < 500 km. Our findings suggest that climatic variation at regional scales can better predict phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover than geomorphology and soils.
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6
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Piñeiro R, Hardy OJ, Tovar C, Gopalakrishnan S, Garrett Vieira F, Gilbert MTP. Contrasting genetic signal of recolonization after rainforest fragmentation in African trees with different dispersal abilities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2013979118. [PMID: 34210795 PMCID: PMC8271564 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2013979118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although today the forest cover is continuous in Central Africa, this may have not always been the case, as the scarce fossil record in this region suggests that arid conditions might have significantly reduced tree density during the ice ages. Our aim was to investigate whether the dry ice age periods left a genetic signature on tree species that can be used to infer the date of the past fragmentation of the rainforest. We sequenced reduced representation libraries of 182 samples representing five widespread legume trees and seven outgroups. Phylogenetic analyses identified an early divergent lineage for all species in West Africa (Upper Guinea) and two clades in Central Africa: Lower Guinea-North and Lower Guinea-South. As the structure separating the Northern and Southern clades-congruent across species-cannot be explained by geographic barriers, we tested other hypotheses with demographic model testing using δαδι. The best estimates indicate that the two clades split between the Upper Pliocene and the Pleistocene, a date compatible with forest fragmentation driven by ice age climatic oscillations. Furthermore, we found remarkably older split dates for the shade-tolerant tree species with nonassisted seed dispersal than for light-demanding species with long-distance wind-dispersed seeds. Different recolonization abilities after recurrent cycles of forest fragmentation seem to explain why species with long-distance dispersal show more recent genetic admixture between the two clades than species with limited seed dispersal. Despite their old history, our results depict the African rainforests as a dynamic biome where tree species have expanded relatively recently after the last glaciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía Piñeiro
- The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, CLES, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier J Hardy
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carolina Tovar
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
- University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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7
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Mitchell N, Whitney KD. Limited evidence for a positive relationship between hybridization and diversification across seed plant families. Evolution 2021; 75:1966-1982. [PMID: 34156712 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hybridization has experimental and observational ties to evolutionary processes and outcomes such as adaptation, speciation, and radiation. Although it has been hypothesized that hybridization and diversification are positively correlated, this idea remains largely untested empirically, and hybridization can also potentially reduce diversity. Here, we use a hybridization database on 170 seed plant families, life history information, and a time-calibrated phylogeny to test for phylogenetically-corrected associations between hybridization and diversification rates, while also taking into account life-history traits that may be correlated with both processes. We use three methods to estimate diversification rates and two metrics of hybridization. Although hybridization explains only a small amount of overall variation in diversification rates, we show that diversification and hybridization are sometimes positively correlated, although the effect sizes are very small. Moreover, the relationship remains detectable when incorporating the correlations between diversification and two other life history characteristics, perenniality and woodiness. We discuss potential mechanisms for this association under four different scenarios: hybridization may drive diversification, diversification may drive hybridization, both hybridization and diversification may jointly be driven by other factors, or, as an alternative, that there is in fact no relationship between the two. We suggest future studies to disentangle the causal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Mitchell
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131.,Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, 54701
| | - Kenneth D Whitney
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131
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8
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Draper FC, Costa FRC, Arellano G, Phillips OL, Duque A, Macía MJ, Ter Steege H, Asner GP, Berenguer E, Schietti J, Socolar JB, de Souza FC, Dexter KG, Jørgensen PM, Tello JS, Magnusson WE, Baker TR, Castilho CV, Monteagudo-Mendoza A, Fine PVA, Ruokolainen K, Coronado ENH, Aymard G, Dávila N, Sáenz MS, Paredes MAR, Engel J, Fortunel C, Paine CET, Goret JY, Dourdain A, Petronelli P, Allie E, Andino JEG, Brienen RJW, Pérez LC, Manzatto ÂG, Zambrana NYP, Molino JF, Sabatier D, Chave J, Fauset S, Villacorta RG, Réjou-Méchain M, Berry PE, Melgaço K, Feldpausch TR, Sandoval EV, Martinez RV, Mesones I, Junqueira AB, Roucoux KH, de Toledo JJ, Andrade AC, Camargo JL, Del Aguila Pasquel J, Santana FD, Laurance WF, Laurance SG, Lovejoy TE, Comiskey JA, Galbraith DR, Kalamandeen M, Aguilar GEN, Arenas JV, Guerra CAA, Flores M, Llampazo GF, Montenegro LAT, Gomez RZ, Pansonato MP, Moscoso VC, Vleminckx J, Barrantes OJV, Duivenvoorden JF, de Sousa SA, Arroyo L, Perdiz RO, Cravo JS, Marimon BS, Junior BHM, Carvalho FA, Damasco G, Disney M, Vital MS, Diaz PRS, Vicentini A, Nascimento H, Higuchi N, Van Andel T, Malhi Y, Ribeiro SC, Terborgh JW, Thomas RS, Dallmeier F, Prieto A, Hilário RR, Salomão RP, Silva RDC, Casas LF, Vieira ICG, Araujo-Murakami A, Arevalo FR, Ramírez-Angulo H, Torre EV, Peñuela MC, Killeen TJ, Pardo G, Jimenez-Rojas E, Castro W, Cabrera DG, Pipoly J, de Sousa TR, Silvera M, Vos V, Neill D, Vargas PN, Vela DM, Aragão LEOC, Umetsu RK, Sierra R, Wang O, Young KR, Prestes NCCS, Massi KG, Huaymacari JR, Gutierrez GAP, Aldana AM, Alexiades MN, Baccaro F, Céron C, Muelbert AE, Rios JMG, Lima AS, Lloyd JL, Pitman NCA, Gamarra LV, Oroche CJC, Fuentes AF, Palacios W, Patiño S, Torres-Lezama A, Baraloto C. Amazon tree dominance across forest strata. Nat Ecol Evol 2021; 5:757-767. [PMID: 33795854 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-021-01418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The forests of Amazonia are among the most biodiverse plant communities on Earth. Given the immediate threats posed by climate and land-use change, an improved understanding of how this extraordinary biodiversity is spatially organized is urgently required to develop effective conservation strategies. Most Amazonian tree species are extremely rare but a few are common across the region. Indeed, just 227 'hyperdominant' species account for >50% of all individuals >10 cm diameter at 1.3 m in height. Yet, the degree to which the phenomenon of hyperdominance is sensitive to tree size, the extent to which the composition of dominant species changes with size class and how evolutionary history constrains tree hyperdominance, all remain unknown. Here, we use a large floristic dataset to show that, while hyperdominance is a universal phenomenon across forest strata, different species dominate the forest understory, midstory and canopy. We further find that, although species belonging to a range of phylogenetically dispersed lineages have become hyperdominant in small size classes, hyperdominants in large size classes are restricted to a few lineages. Our results demonstrate that it is essential to consider all forest strata to understand regional patterns of dominance and composition in Amazonia. More generally, through the lens of 654 hyperdominant species, we outline a tractable pathway for understanding the functioning of half of Amazonian forests across vertical strata and geographical locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick C Draper
- Institute of Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. .,School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Flavia R C Costa
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Arellano
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Alvaro Duque
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Manuel J Macía
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans Ter Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Systems Ecology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gregory P Asner
- Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Erika Berenguer
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.,Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Juliana Schietti
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Jacob B Socolar
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Kyle G Dexter
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul V A Fine
- Department of Intergrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Gerardo Aymard
- UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Mesa de Cavacas, Venezuela.,Compensation International Progress S. A.-Ciprogress Greenlife, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nállarett Dávila
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Mauricio Sánchez Sáenz
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Julien Engel
- AMAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Fortunel
- AMAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - C E Timothy Paine
- Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jean-Yves Goret
- INRA, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CNRS, CIRAD, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana
| | | | | | - Elodie Allie
- INRA, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CNRS, CIRAD, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana
| | | | | | | | - Ângelo G Manzatto
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel Sabatier
- AMAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerôme Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB) CNRS/UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Fauset
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | | | | | - Paul E Berry
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karina Melgaço
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Italo Mesones
- Department of Intergrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - André B Junqueira
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil.,Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katherine H Roucoux
- School of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - José J de Toledo
- Department of Environment and Development, Federal University of Amapá, Macapa, Brazil
| | - Ana C Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flávia D Santana
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - William F Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susan G Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas E Lovejoy
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - James A Comiskey
- Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Park Service, Fredericksburg, VA, USA.,Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Michelle Kalamandeen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Living with Lakes Centre, Laurentian University, Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jim Vega Arenas
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquito, Peru
| | | | - Manuel Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquito, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | - Victor Chama Moscoso
- Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru.,Estación Biológica del Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Oxapampa, Peru
| | - Jason Vleminckx
- Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Joost F Duivenvoorden
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Luzmila Arroyo
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Ricardo O Perdiz
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz S Marimon
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Universidad do Estado de Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Ben Hur Marimon Junior
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Universidad do Estado de Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Damasco
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mathias Disney
- Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marcos Salgado Vital
- Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, Brazil
| | - Pablo R Stevenson Diaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes (Colombia), Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Niro Higuchi
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Yadvinder Malhi
- Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
| | - John W Terborgh
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Raquel S Thomas
- Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Francisco Dallmeier
- Smithsonian's National Zoo & Conservation Biology Institute, Washington DC, USA
| | - Adriana Prieto
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Renato R Hilário
- Department of Environment and Development, Federal University of Amapá, Macapa, Brazil
| | - Rafael P Salomão
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia-UFRA/CAPES, Belém, Brazil.,Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Brasil
| | | | - Luisa F Casas
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología, Fundación Natura Colombia, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Alejandro Araujo-Murakami
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | | | - Hirma Ramírez-Angulo
- Institute of Research for Forestry Development, Universidad de los Andes, Merida, Venezuela
| | - Emilio Vilanova Torre
- Institute of Research for Forestry Development, Universidad de los Andes, Merida, Venezuela.,School of Environmental and Forest Sciences (SEFS), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Guido Pardo
- Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Riberalta, Bolivia
| | - Eliana Jimenez-Rojas
- Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones (IMANI), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Amazonia, Brazil
| | - Wenderson Castro
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
| | | | - John Pipoly
- Broward County Parks and Recreation, Miami, FL, USA.,Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University-Davie, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Marcos Silvera
- Museu Universitário, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
| | - Vincent Vos
- Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Riberalta, Bolivia
| | - David Neill
- Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Ecuador
| | | | - Dilys M Vela
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luiz E O C Aragão
- National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Keichi Umetsu
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Universidad do Estado de Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | | | - Ophelia Wang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Kenneth R Young
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nayane C C S Prestes
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Sociais Aplicadas, Universidad do Estado de Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, Brazil
| | - Klécia G Massi
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Germaine A Parada Gutierrez
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Ana M Aldana
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes (Colombia), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Miguel N Alexiades
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | - Carlos Céron
- Herbario Alfredo Paredes (QAP), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan L Lloyd
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Alfredo F Fuentes
- Instituto de Ecología, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Walter Palacios
- Universidad Tecnica del Norte, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sandra Patiño
- Research Institute Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Armando Torres-Lezama
- Institute of Research for Forestry Development, Universidad de los Andes, Merida, Venezuela
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- Institute of Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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9
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Villastrigo A, Abellán P, Ribera I. Habitat preference and diversification rates in a speciose lineage of diving beetles. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 159:107087. [PMID: 33545273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The long-term geological stability of aquatic habitats has been demonstrated to be a determinant in the evolution of macroinvertebrate fauna, with species in running (lotic) waters having lower dispersal abilities, smaller ranges and higher gene flow between populations than species in standing (lentic) environments. Lotic species have been hypothesized to be more specialised, but the diversification dynamics of both habitat types have not been studied in detail. Using a speciose lineage of water beetles we test here whether diversification rates are related to the habitat preference of the species and its consequences on turnover, which we expect to be higher for lotic taxa. Moreover, we tested whether life in lotic environments is acting as an evolutionary dead-end as it is considered an ecological specialisation. We built a comprehensive molecular phylogeny with 473 terminals representing 421 of the 689 known species of the tribe Hydroporini (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae), using a combination of sequences from four mitochondrial and two nuclear genes plus 69 mitogenomes obtained with NGS. We found a general pattern of gradual acceleration of diversification rate with time, with 2-3 significant diversification shifts. However, habitat is not the main factor driving diversification in Hydroporini based on SecSSE analyses. The most recent common ancestor of Hydroporini was reconstructed as a lotic species, with multiple shifts to lentic environments. Most frequent transitions were estimated from lentic and lotic habitats to the category "both", followed by transitions from lotic to lentic and lentic to lotic respectively, although with very similar rates. Contrary to expectations, we found little evidence for differences in diversification dynamics between habitats, with lotic environments clearly not acting as evolutionary dead-ends in Hydroporini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Villastrigo
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Ignacio Ribera
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Helmstetter AJ, Béthune K, Kamdem NG, Sonké B, Couvreur TLP. Individualistic evolutionary responses of Central African rain forest plants to Pleistocene climatic fluctuations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:32509-18. [PMID: 33277432 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001018117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of genetic diversity is fundamental for species conservation in the face of climate change, particularly in hyper-diverse biomes. Species in a region may respond similarly to climate change, leading to comparable evolutionary dynamics, or individualistically, resulting in dissimilar patterns. The second-largest expanse of continuous tropical rain forest (TRF) in the world is found in Central Africa. Here, present-day patterns of genetic structure are thought to be dictated by repeated expansion and contraction of TRFs into and out of refugia during Pleistocene climatic fluctuations. This refugia model implies a common response to past climate change. However, given the unrivalled diversity of TRFs, species could respond differently because of distinct environmental requirements or ecological characteristics. To test this, we generated genome-wide sequence data for >700 individuals of seven codistributed plants from Lower Guinea in Central Africa. We inferred species' evolutionary and demographic histories within a comparative phylogeographic framework. Levels of genetic structure varied among species and emerged primarily during the Pleistocene, but divergence events were rarely concordant. Demographic trends ranged from repeated contraction and expansion to continuous growth. Furthermore, patterns in genetic variation were linked to disparate environmental factors, including climate, soil, and habitat stability. Using a strict refugia model to explain past TRF dynamics is too simplistic. Instead, individualistic evolutionary responses to Pleistocene climatic fluctuations have shaped patterns in genetic diversity. Predicting the future dynamics of TRFs under climate change will be challenging, and more emphasis is needed on species ecology to better conserve TRFs worldwide.
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11
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Helmstetter AJ, Amoussou BEN, Bethune K, Kamdem NG, Glèlè Kakaï R, Sonké B, Couvreur TLP. Phylogenomic approaches reveal how climate shapes patterns of genetic diversity in an African rain forest tree species. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:3560-3573. [PMID: 32743910 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The world's second largest expanse of tropical rainforest is in Central Africa, and it harbours enormous species diversity. Population genetic studies have consistently revealed significant structure across Central African rainforest plants. In particular, previous studies have repeatedly demonstrated a north-south genetic discontinuity around the equatorial line, in a continuous expanse of rainforest where a climatic inversion is documented. Here, we took a phylogeographic approach by sequencing 351 nuclear markers in 112 individuals across the distribution of the African rainforest tree species Annickia affinis (Annonaceae). We showed for the first time that the north-south divide is the result of a single, major colonization event across the climatic inversion from an ancestral population located in Gabon. We suggested that differences in ecological niche of populations located on either side of this inversion may have contributed to this phylogenetic discontinuity. We found evidence for inland dispersal, predominantly in northern areas, and variable demographic histories among genetic clusters, indicating that populations responded differently to past climate change. We show how newly developed genomic tools can provide invaluable insights into our understanding of tropical rainforest evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biowa E N Amoussou
- IRD, UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Kevin Bethune
- IRD, UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Narcisse G Kamdem
- Laboratoire de Botanique Systématique et d'Ecologie, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Romain Glèlè Kakaï
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques et d'Estimations Forestières, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Bonaventure Sonké
- Laboratoire de Botanique Systématique et d'Ecologie, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Thomas L P Couvreur
- IRD, UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de Botanique Systématique et d'Ecologie, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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12
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Segovia RA, Pennington RT, Baker TR, Coelho de Souza F, Neves DM, Davis CC, Armesto JJ, Olivera-Filho AT, Dexter KG. Freezing and water availability structure the evolutionary diversity of trees across the Americas. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz5373. [PMID: 32494713 PMCID: PMC7202884 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz5373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The historical course of evolutionary diversification shapes the current distribution of biodiversity, but the main forces constraining diversification are still a subject of debate. We unveil the evolutionary structure of tree species assemblages across the Americas to assess whether an inability to move or an inability to evolve is the predominant constraint in plant diversification and biogeography. We find a fundamental divide in tree lineage composition between tropical and extratropical environments, defined by the absence versus presence of freezing temperatures. Within the Neotropics, we uncover a further evolutionary split between moist and dry forests. Our results demonstrate that American tree lineages tend to retain their ancestral environmental relationships and that phylogenetic niche conservatism is the primary force structuring the distribution of tree biodiversity. Our study establishes the pervasive importance of niche conservatism to community assembly even at intercontinental scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A. Segovia
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile
| | - R. Toby Pennington
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tim R. Baker
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Fernanda Coelho de Souza
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade de Brasília (UNB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Danilo M. Neves
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Charles C. Davis
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Juan J. Armesto
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ary T. Olivera-Filho
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kyle G. Dexter
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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13
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Schepaschenko D, Chave J, Phillips OL, Lewis SL, Davies SJ, Réjou-Méchain M, Sist P, Scipal K, Perger C, Herault B, Labrière N, Hofhansl F, Affum-Baffoe K, Aleinikov A, Alonso A, Amani C, Araujo-Murakami A, Armston J, Arroyo L, Ascarrunz N, Azevedo C, Baker T, Bałazy R, Bedeau C, Berry N, Bilous AM, Bilous SY, Bissiengou P, Blanc L, Bobkova KS, Braslavskaya T, Brienen R, Burslem DFRP, Condit R, Cuni-Sanchez A, Danilina D, Del Castillo Torres D, Derroire G, Descroix L, Sotta ED, d'Oliveira MVN, Dresel C, Erwin T, Evdokimenko MD, Falck J, Feldpausch TR, Foli EG, Foster R, Fritz S, Garcia-Abril AD, Gornov A, Gornova M, Gothard-Bassébé E, Gourlet-Fleury S, Guedes M, Hamer KC, Susanty FH, Higuchi N, Coronado ENH, Hubau W, Hubbell S, Ilstedt U, Ivanov VV, Kanashiro M, Karlsson A, Karminov VN, Killeen T, Koffi JCK, Konovalova M, Kraxner F, Krejza J, Krisnawati H, Krivobokov LV, Kuznetsov MA, Lakyda I, Lakyda PI, Licona JC, Lucas RM, Lukina N, Lussetti D, Malhi Y, Manzanera JA, Marimon B, Junior BHM, Martinez RV, Martynenko OV, Matsala M, Matyashuk RK, Mazzei L, Memiaghe H, Mendoza C, Mendoza AM, Moroziuk OV, Mukhortova L, Musa S, Nazimova DI, Okuda T, Oliveira LC, Ontikov PV, Osipov AF, Pietsch S, Playfair M, Poulsen J, Radchenko VG, Rodney K, Rozak AH, Ruschel A, Rutishauser E, See L, Shchepashchenko M, Shevchenko N, Shvidenko A, Silveira M, Singh J, Sonké B, Souza C, Stereńczak K, Stonozhenko L, Sullivan MJP, Szatniewska J, Taedoumg H, Ter Steege H, Tikhonova E, Toledo M, Trefilova OV, Valbuena R, Gamarra LV, Vasiliev S, Vedrova EF, Verhovets SV, Vidal E, Vladimirova NA, Vleminckx J, Vos VA, Vozmitel FK, Wanek W, West TAP, Woell H, Woods JT, Wortel V, Yamada T, Nur Hajar ZS, Zo-Bi IC. The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass. Sci Data 2019; 6:198. [PMID: 31601817 PMCID: PMC6787017 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth's ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world's forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Schepaschenko
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria.
- Forestry faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mytischi, 141005, Russia.
| | - Jérôme Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Simon L Lewis
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Stuart J Davies
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 37012, Washington 20013, USA
| | | | - Plinio Sist
- CIRAD, Forêts et Sociétés, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- Forêts et Sociétés, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Klaus Scipal
- European Space Agency, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph Perger
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
- Spatial Focus GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno Herault
- CIRAD, Forêts et Sociétés, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- Forêts et Sociétés, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- Department Foresterie et Environnement (DFR FOREN), Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, INP-HB, Yamoussoukro, BP 2661, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Nicolas Labrière
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Florian Hofhansl
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
| | - Kofi Affum-Baffoe
- Mensuration Unit, Forestry Commission of Ghana, 4 Third Avenue Ridge, Kumasi, POB M434, Ghana
| | - Alexei Aleinikov
- Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Alfonso Alonso
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1100 Jefferson Dr SW, Suite 3123, Washington, DC, 20560-0705, USA
| | - Christian Amani
- Centre for International Forestry Research, CIFOR, Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Bogor, 16115, Indonesia
| | | | - John Armston
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, 2181 Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Joint Remote Sensing Research Program, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Chamberlain Building (35), Campbell Road, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Luzmila Arroyo
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Av. Irala 565 - casilla, 2489, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Nataly Ascarrunz
- IBIF, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Av. 6 de agosto # 28, Km 14 doble via La Guardia, Santa Cruz, Casilla, 6204, Bolivia
| | - Celso Azevedo
- Embrapa, Rodovia AM 10, km 29, Manaus, AM, 69010-970, Brazil
| | - Timothy Baker
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Radomir Bałazy
- Forest Research Institute, Department of Geomatics, Braci Leśnej 3, Sękocin Stary, Raszyn, 05-090, Poland
| | - Caroline Bedeau
- ONF, ONF-Réserve de Montabo Cayenne Cedex, Cayenne, BP 7002; 97307, French Guiana
| | - Nicholas Berry
- The Landscapes and Livelihoods Group, 20 Chambers St, Edinburgh, EH1 1JZ, UK
| | - Andrii M Bilous
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, General Rodimtsev 19, Kyiv, 3041, Ukraine
| | - Svitlana Yu Bilous
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, General Rodimtsev 19, Kyiv, 3041, Ukraine
| | | | - Lilian Blanc
- CIRAD, Forêts et Sociétés, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- Forêts et Sociétés, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Kapitolina S Bobkova
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kommunisticheskaya 28, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Tatyana Braslavskaya
- Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Roel Brienen
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David F R P Burslem
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - Richard Condit
- Morton Arboretum, 4100 Illinois Rte. 53, Lisle, 60532, IL, USA
| | - Aida Cuni-Sanchez
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NG, UK
| | - Dilshad Danilina
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Dennis Del Castillo Torres
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos, Apartado Postal 784, Peru
| | - Géraldine Derroire
- CIRAD, UMR EcoFoG, Campus Agronomique - BP 701, Kourou, 97387, France, French Guiana
| | - Laurent Descroix
- ONF, ONF-Réserve de Montabo Cayenne Cedex, Cayenne, BP 7002; 97307, French Guiana
| | - Eleneide Doff Sotta
- Embrapa, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitscheck, Km 5, no 2.600, Macapa, Caixa Postal 10, CEP: 68903-419, Brazil
| | | | - Christopher Dresel
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
- Spatial Focus GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Terry Erwin
- SI Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC 187, Washington, DC, DC 20013-7012, USA
| | - Mikhail D Evdokimenko
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Jan Falck
- Department Forest Ecology and Management, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden
| | - Ted R Feldpausch
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter,Laver Building, North Park Road, Exeter, EX4 4QE, UK
| | - Ernest G Foli
- Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, UP Box 63, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Robin Foster
- The Field Musium, 1400S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - Steffen Fritz
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
| | | | - Aleksey Gornov
- Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Maria Gornova
- Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Ernest Gothard-Bassébé
- Institut Centrafricain de Recherche Agronomique, ICRA, BP 122, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury
- CIRAD, Forêts et Sociétés, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- Forêts et Sociétés, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Marcelino Guedes
- Embrapa, Rodovia Juscelino Kubitscheck, Km 5, no 2.600, Macapa, Caixa Postal 10, CEP: 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Keith C Hamer
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Farida Herry Susanty
- FOERDIA, Forestry and Environment Research Development and Innovation Agency, Jalan Gunung Batu No 5, Bogor, 16610, Indonesia
| | - Niro Higuchi
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - Coordenação de Pesquisas em Silvicultura Tropical, Manaus, 69060-001, Brazil
| | - Eurídice N Honorio Coronado
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. Abelardo Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos, Apartado Postal 784, Peru
| | - Wannes Hubau
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- U Gent-Woodlab, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Stephen Hubbell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 621 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1606, USA
| | - Ulrik Ilstedt
- Department Forest Ecology and Management, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden
| | - Viktor V Ivanov
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Milton Kanashiro
- Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Travessa Doutor Enéas Pinheiro, Belém, PA, 66095-903, Brazil
| | - Anders Karlsson
- Department Forest Ecology and Management, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden
| | - Viktor N Karminov
- Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Timothy Killeen
- World Wildlife Fund, Calle Diego de Mendoza 299, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
| | | | - Maria Konovalova
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Florian Kraxner
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
| | - Jan Krejza
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno, 603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Haruni Krisnawati
- FOERDIA, Forestry and Environment Research Development and Innovation Agency, Jalan Gunung Batu No 5, Bogor, 16610, Indonesia
| | - Leonid V Krivobokov
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Kuznetsov
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kommunisticheskaya 28, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Ivan Lakyda
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, General Rodimtsev 19, Kyiv, 3041, Ukraine
| | - Petro I Lakyda
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, General Rodimtsev 19, Kyiv, 3041, Ukraine
| | - Juan Carlos Licona
- IBIF, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Av. 6 de agosto # 28, Km 14 doble via La Guardia, Santa Cruz, Casilla, 6204, Bolivia
| | - Richard M Lucas
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, UK
| | - Natalia Lukina
- Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Daniel Lussetti
- Department Forest Ecology and Management, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
| | | | - Beatriz Marimon
- Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, UNEMAT, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, 78.690-000, Brazil
| | - Ben Hur Marimon Junior
- Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, UNEMAT, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, 78.690-000, Brazil
| | | | - Olga V Martynenko
- Russian Institute of Continuous Education in Forestry, Institutskaya 17, Pushkino, 141200, Russia
| | - Maksym Matsala
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, General Rodimtsev 19, Kyiv, 3041, Ukraine
| | - Raisa K Matyashuk
- Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lebedev 37, Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
| | - Lucas Mazzei
- Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Travessa Doutor Enéas Pinheiro, Belém, PA, 66095-903, Brazil
| | - Hervé Memiaghe
- University of Oregon, 1585 E 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | | | - Abel Monteagudo Mendoza
- Jardín Botánico de Missouri; Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Oxapampa, Peru
| | - Olga V Moroziuk
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, General Rodimtsev 19, Kyiv, 3041, Ukraine
| | - Liudmila Mukhortova
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Samsudin Musa
- FRIM Forest Reserach Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dina I Nazimova
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Toshinori Okuda
- Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
| | | | - Petr V Ontikov
- Forestry faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mytischi, 141005, Russia
| | - Andrey F Osipov
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kommunisticheskaya 28, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Stephan Pietsch
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
| | - Maureen Playfair
- Center for Agricultural research in Suriname, CELOS, 1914, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - John Poulsen
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, P.O. Box 90328, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Vladimir G Radchenko
- Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lebedev 37, Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
| | - Kenneth Rodney
- IIC, The Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development, 77 High Street, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Andes H Rozak
- Cibodas Botanic Gardens - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Kebun Raya Cibodas, Cipanas, Cianjur, 43253, Indonesia
| | - Ademir Ruschel
- Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Travessa Doutor Enéas Pinheiro, Belém, PA, 66095-903, Brazil
| | - Ervan Rutishauser
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama 3092, Panama
| | - Linda See
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
| | - Maria Shchepashchenko
- Russian Institute of Continuous Education in Forestry, Institutskaya 17, Pushkino, 141200, Russia
| | - Nikolay Shevchenko
- Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Anatoly Shvidenko
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Marcos Silveira
- Museu Universitário, Universidade Federal do Acre, BR 364, Km 04 - Distrito Industrial, Rio Branco, 69915-559, Brazil
| | - James Singh
- Guyana Forestry Commission, 1 Water Street, Kingston Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Bonaventure Sonké
- Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Cintia Souza
- Embrapa, Rodovia AM 10, km 29, Manaus, AM, 69010-970, Brazil
| | - Krzysztof Stereńczak
- Forest Research Institute, Department of Geomatics, Braci Leśnej 3, Sękocin Stary, Raszyn, 05-090, Poland
| | - Leonid Stonozhenko
- Russian Institute of Continuous Education in Forestry, Institutskaya 17, Pushkino, 141200, Russia
| | | | - Justyna Szatniewska
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, Brno, 603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Hermann Taedoumg
- Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Bioversity international, P.O. Box 2008, Messa, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | | | - Elena Tikhonova
- Center of Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32/14, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Marisol Toledo
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Av. Irala 565 - casilla, 2489, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Olga V Trefilova
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Ruben Valbuena
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Thoday Building. Deiniol Rd, Bangor, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom
| | - Luis Valenzuela Gamarra
- Jardín Botánico de Missouri; Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Oxapampa, Peru
| | - Sergey Vasiliev
- Forestry faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mytischi, 141005, Russia
| | - Estella F Vedrova
- V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Academgorodok 50(28), Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Sergey V Verhovets
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyy Ave, 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
- Reshetnev Siberian state university of science and technology, pr. Mira 82, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Russia
| | - Edson Vidal
- Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paolo, PO Box 9, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Nadezhda A Vladimirova
- State Nature Reserve Denezhkin Kamen, Lenina, 6, Sverdlovsk reg, Severouralsk, 624480, Russia
| | - Jason Vleminckx
- International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, 33199, FL, USA
| | | | - Foma K Vozmitel
- Forestry faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mytischi, 141005, Russia
| | - Wolfgang Wanek
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Thales A P West
- New Zealand Forest Research Institute (Scion) Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand
| | - Hannsjorg Woell
- Unaffiliated (retired), Sommersbergseestrasse 291, Bad Aussee, 8990, Austria
| | - John T Woods
- W.R.T College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Liberia, Capitol Hill, Monrovia, 9020, Liberia
| | - Verginia Wortel
- Center for Agricultural research in Suriname, CELOS, 1914, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Toshihiro Yamada
- Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8521, Japan
| | - Zamah Shari Nur Hajar
- FRIM Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Irié Casimir Zo-Bi
- Department Foresterie et Environnement (DFR FOREN), Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, INP-HB, Yamoussoukro, BP 2661, Côte d'Ivoire
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14
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Healy K, Ezard THG, Jones OR, Salguero-Gómez R, Buckley YM. Animal life history is shaped by the pace of life and the distribution of age-specific mortality and reproduction. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:1217-24. [PMID: 31285573 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0938-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Animals exhibit an extraordinary diversity of life history strategies. These realized combinations of survival, development and reproduction are predicted to be constrained by physiological limitations and by trade-offs in resource allocation. However, our understanding of these patterns is restricted to a few taxonomic groups. Using demographic data from 121 species, ranging from humans to sponges, we test whether such trade-offs universally shape animal life history strategies. We show that, after accounting for body mass and phylogenetic relatedness, 71% of the variation in animal life history strategies can be explained by life history traits associated with the fast-slow continuum (pace of life) and with a second axis defined by the distribution of age-specific mortality hazards and the spread of reproduction. While we found that life history strategies are associated with metabolic rate and ecological modes of life, surprisingly similar life history strategies can be found across the phylogenetic and physiological diversity of animals.
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15
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Macroevolutionary modeling of species diversification plays important roles in inferring large-scale biodiversity patterns. It allows estimation of speciation and extinction rates and statistically testing their relationships with different ecological factors. However, macroevolutionary patterns are ultimately generated by microevolutionary processes acting at population levels, especially when speciation and extinction are considered protracted instead of point events. Neglecting the connection between micro- and macroevolution may hinder our ability to fully understand the underlying mechanisms that drive the observed patterns. RESULTS In this simulation study, we used the protracted speciation framework to demonstrate that distinct microevolutionary scenarios can generate very similar biodiversity patterns (e.g., latitudinal diversity gradient). We also showed that current macroevolutionary models may not be able to distinguish these different scenarios. CONCLUSIONS Given the compounded nature of speciation and extinction rates, one needs to be cautious when inferring causal relationships between ecological factors and macroevolutioanry rates. Future studies that incorporate microevolutionary processes into current modeling approaches are in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Li
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA. .,Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA. .,Museum of Zoology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
| | - Jen-Pen Huang
- Integrative Research Center, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA.,Museum of Zoology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Jeet Sukumaran
- Museum of Zoology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - L Lacey Knowles
- Museum of Zoology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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16
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Demenou BB, Doucet JL, Hardy OJ. History of the fragmentation of the African rain forest in the Dahomey Gap: insight from the demographic history of Terminalia superba. Heredity (Edinb) 2018; 120:547-561. [PMID: 29279603 PMCID: PMC5943585 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-017-0035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Paleo-environmental reconstructions show that the distribution of tropical African rain forests was affected by Quaternary climate changes. They suggest that the Dahomey Gap (DG)-the savanna corridor that currently separates Upper Guinean (UG, West Africa) and Lower Guinean (LG, western Central Africa) rain forest blocks-was forested during the African Humid Holocene period (from at least 9 ka till 4.5 ka), and possibly during other interglacial periods, while an open vegetation developed in the DG under drier conditions, notably during glacial maxima. Nowadays, relics of semi-deciduous forests containing UG and LG forest species are still present within the DG. We used one of these species, the pioneer tree Terminalia superba (Combretaceae), to study past forest fragmentation in the DG and its impact on infraspecific biodiversity. A Bayesian clustering analysis of 299 individuals genotyped at 14 nuclear microsatellites revealed five parapatric genetic clusters (UG, DG, and three in LG) with low to moderate genetic differentiation (Fst from 0.02 to 0.24). Approximate Bayesian Computation analyses inferred a demographic bottleneck around the penultimate glacial period in all populations. They also supported an origin of the DG population by admixture of UG and LG populations around 54,000 (27,600-161,000) years BP, thus before the Last Glacial Maximum. These results contrast with those obtained on Distemonanthus benthamianus where the DG population seems to originate from the Humid Holocene period. We discuss these differences in light of the ecology of each species. Our results challenge the simplistic view linking population fragmentation/expansion with glacial/interglacial periods in African forest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris B Demenou
- Faculté des Sciences, Evolution Biologique et Ecologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP160/12, Av. F. D. Roosevelt 50, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Louis Doucet
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Central African Forests, BIOSE Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Olivier J Hardy
- Faculté des Sciences, Evolution Biologique et Ecologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP160/12, Av. F. D. Roosevelt 50, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Piñeiro R, Dauby G, Kaymak E, Hardy OJ. Pleistocene population expansions of shade-tolerant trees indicate fragmentation of the African rainforest during the Ice Ages. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 284:rspb.2017.1800. [PMID: 29093226 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fossil record in tropical Africa suggests that dry conditions during the Ice Ages caused expansion of savannahs and contraction of the rainforest. Forest refugia have been proposed to be located in areas of Central Africa that currently harbour high rates of endemic species. However, to what extent the forest was fragmented remains unknown. Nuclear microsatellites and plastid sequences of 732 trees of two species occurring in the same habitat-mature lowland evergreen rainforests-but with remarkably different dispersal capacities-animal versus gravity-were analysed. Geographical information system tools revealed intraspecific lineages partially congruent across the two species, suggesting common past barriers to gene flow in Central Africa. According to approximate Bayesian computation, the intraspecific genetic clusters diverged during the Pleistocene (less than 2 Ma), so that intraspecific differentiation is the appropriate scale to test the aridification effect of the Ice Ages on tree populations. Demographic tests revealed clear genetic signals of population expansion in both taxa, possibly following bottleneck events after forest fragmentation, with stronger evidence of expansion after the Penultimate rather than after the Last Glacial Maximum. The differential dispersal capacity may have modulated the particular response of each species to climate change, as revealed by the stronger evidence of expansion found in the animal-dispersed species than in the gravity-dispersed one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía Piñeiro
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, CP160/12, 50 Av. F. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium .,Evolutionary Genomics, Centre for Geogenetics-Natural History Museum of Denmark, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Gilles Dauby
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, CP160/12, 50 Av. F. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Esra Kaymak
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, CP160/12, 50 Av. F. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier J Hardy
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, CP160/12, 50 Av. F. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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18
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Coelho de Souza F, Dexter KG, Phillips OL, Brienen RJW, Chave J, Galbraith DR, Lopez Gonzalez G, Monteagudo Mendoza A, Pennington RT, Poorter L, Alexiades M, Álvarez-Dávila E, Andrade A, Aragão LEOC, Araujo-Murakami A, Arets EJMM, Aymard C GA, Baraloto C, Barroso JG, Bonal D, Boot RGA, Camargo JLC, Comiskey JA, Valverde FC, de Camargo PB, Di Fiore A, Elias F, Erwin TL, Feldpausch TR, Ferreira L, Fyllas NM, Gloor E, Herault B, Herrera R, Higuchi N, Honorio Coronado EN, Killeen TJ, Laurance WF, Laurance S, Lloyd J, Lovejoy TE, Malhi Y, Maracahipes L, Marimon BS, Marimon-Junior BH, Mendoza C, Morandi P, Neill DA, Vargas PN, Oliveira EA, Lenza E, Palacios WA, Peñuela-Mora MC, Pipoly JJ, Pitman NCA, Prieto A, Quesada CA, Ramirez-Angulo H, Rudas A, Ruokolainen K, Salomão RP, Silveira M, Stropp J, Ter Steege H, Thomas-Caesar R, van der Hout P, van der Heijden GMF, van der Meer PJ, Vasquez RV, Vieira SA, Vilanova E, Vos VA, Wang O, Young KR, Zagt RJ, Baker TR. Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2016.1587. [PMID: 27974517 PMCID: PMC5204144 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyle G Dexter
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, 201 Crew Building, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK.,Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK
| | | | | | - Jerome Chave
- Université Paul Sabatier CNRS, UMR 5174 Evolution et Diversité Biologique, bâtiment 4R1, Toulouse 31062, France
| | | | | | - Abel Monteagudo Mendoza
- Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Prolongacion Bolognesi Mz. E, Lote 6, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru.,Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de la Cultura N° 733, Cusco, Peru
| | - R Toby Pennington
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Alexiades
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Marlowe Building, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NR, UK
| | | | - Ana Andrade
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragment Project (INPA & STRI), C.P. 478, Manaus, Amazonas 69.011-970, Brazil
| | - Luis E O C Aragão
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Drive, Exeter, Rennes EX4 4RJ, UK.,National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Araujo-Murakami
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Casilla 2489, Av. Irala 565, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Eric J M M Arets
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, PO Box 47, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Gerardo A Aymard C
- UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa del Agro y del Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Mesa de Cavacas, Estado Portuguesa 3350, Venezuela
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Jorcely G Barroso
- Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil
| | - Damien Bonal
- INRA, UMR 1137 'Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestiere', Champenoux 54280, France
| | - Rene G A Boot
- Tropenbos International, PO Box 232, Wageningen 6700 AE, The Netherlands
| | - José L C Camargo
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragment Project (INPA & STRI), C.P. 478, Manaus, Amazonas 69.011-970, Brazil
| | - James A Comiskey
- National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane, Fredericksburg, VA 22405, USA.,Smithsonian Institution, 1100 Jefferson Dr, SW, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | | | - Plínio B de Camargo
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anthony Di Fiore
- Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin, SAC Room 5.150, 2201 Speedway Stop C3200, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Fernando Elias
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Terry L Erwin
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC 187, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA
| | - Ted R Feldpausch
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Drive, Exeter, Rennes EX4 4RJ, UK
| | - Leandro Ferreira
- Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, C.P. 399, 66.040-170, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuel Gloor
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Bruno Herault
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, Inra, U Antilles, U Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou 97310, French Guiana
| | - Rafael Herrera
- Centro de Ecología IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela.,Institut für Geographie und Regionalforschung, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Niro Higuchi
- INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2.936 - Petrópolis - 69.067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | | | - William F Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Susan Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Jon Lloyd
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst, Road, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Thomas E Lovejoy
- Environmental Science and Policy, and the Department of Public and International Affairs, George Mason University (GMU), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leandro Maracahipes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiânia, Goias, Brazil
| | - Beatriz S Marimon
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Ben H Marimon-Junior
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Casimiro Mendoza
- Escuela de Ciencias Forestales, Unidad Académica del Trópico, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Sacta, Bolivia
| | - Paulo Morandi
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - David A Neill
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador
| | - Percy Núñez Vargas
- Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Av. de la Cultura N° 733, Cusco, Peru
| | - Edmar A Oliveira
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Eddie Lenza
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Walter A Palacios
- Universidad Técnica del Norte and Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Casilla 17-21-1787, Av. Río Coca E6-115, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - John J Pipoly
- Broward County Parks and Recreation Division, 950 NW 38th St., Oakland Park, FL 33309, USA
| | - Nigel C A Pitman
- Center for Tropical Conservation, Duke University, PO Box 90381, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Adriana Prieto
- Doctorado Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ciol de Colombia, Colombia
| | - Carlos A Quesada
- INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2.936 - Petrópolis - 69.067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Hirma Ramirez-Angulo
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Universidad de Los Andes, Conjunto Forestal, C.P. 5101, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Agustin Rudas
- Doctorado Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ciol de Colombia, Colombia
| | - Kalle Ruokolainen
- Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Rafael P Salomão
- Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, C.P. 399, 66.040-170, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Silveira
- Museu Universitário, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC 69910-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Stropp
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Hans Ter Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Vondellaan 55, Postbus 9517, Leiden 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Raquel Thomas-Caesar
- Iwokrama Intertiol Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, 77 High Street Kingston, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Peter van der Hout
- Van der Hout Forestry Consulting, Jan Trooststraat 6, Rotterdam 3078 HP, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J van der Meer
- Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 9001, 6880 GB Velp, The Netherlands
| | - Rodolfo V Vasquez
- Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Prolongacion Bolognesi Mz. E, Lote 6, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru
| | - Simone A Vieira
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais - NEPAM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emilio Vilanova
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Vincent A Vos
- Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado - regional Norte Amazónico, C/ Nicanor Gonzalo Salvatierra N° 362, Casilla 16, Riberalta, Bolivia.,Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Campus Universitario, Riberalta, Bolivia
| | - Ophelia Wang
- Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Kenneth R Young
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Roderick J Zagt
- Tropenbos International, PO Box 232, Wageningen 6700 AE, The Netherlands
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19
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Cardoso D, Särkinen T, Alexander S, Amorim AM, Bittrich V, Celis M, Daly DC, Fiaschi P, Funk VA, Giacomin LL, Goldenberg R, Heiden G, Iganci J, Kelloff CL, Knapp S, Cavalcante de Lima H, Machado AFP, Dos Santos RM, Mello-Silva R, Michelangeli FA, Mitchell J, Moonlight P, de Moraes PLR, Mori SA, Nunes TS, Pennington TD, Pirani JR, Prance GT, de Queiroz LP, Rapini A, Riina R, Rincon CAV, Roque N, Shimizu G, Sobral M, Stehmann JR, Stevens WD, Taylor CM, Trovó M, van den Berg C, van der Werff H, Viana PL, Zartman CE, Forzza RC. Amazon plant diversity revealed by a taxonomically verified species list. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:10695-10700. [PMID: 28923966 PMCID: PMC5635885 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1706756114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent debates on the number of plant species in the vast lowland rain forests of the Amazon have been based largely on model estimates, neglecting published checklists based on verified voucher data. Here we collate taxonomically verified checklists to present a list of seed plant species from lowland Amazon rain forests. Our list comprises 14,003 species, of which 6,727 are trees. These figures are similar to estimates derived from nonparametric ecological models, but they contrast strongly with predictions of much higher tree diversity derived from parametric models. Based on the known proportion of tree species in neotropical lowland rain forest communities as measured in complete plot censuses, and on overall estimates of seed plant diversity in Brazil and in the neotropics in general, it is more likely that tree diversity in the Amazon is closer to the lower estimates derived from nonparametric models. Much remains unknown about Amazonian plant diversity, but this taxonomically verified dataset provides a valid starting point for macroecological and evolutionary studies aimed at understanding the origin, evolution, and ecology of the exceptional biodiversity of Amazonian forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingos Cardoso
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution (INCT IN-TREE), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil;
| | - Tiina Särkinen
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH5 3LR, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Alexander
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0163
| | - André M Amorim
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Marcela Celis
- Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Herbario Nacional Colombiano (COL), Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Douglas C Daly
- Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126
| | - Pedro Fiaschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Vicki A Funk
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0163
| | - Leandro L Giacomin
- Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas & Herbário HSTM, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, 68040-050 Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | - Renato Goldenberg
- Campus do Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 8531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - João Iganci
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carol L Kelloff
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0163
| | - Sandra Knapp
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anderson F P Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Mello-Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - John Mitchell
- Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126
| | - Peter Moonlight
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH5 3LR, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro Luís Rodrigues de Moraes
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho",13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Scott A Mori
- Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126
| | - Teonildes Sacramento Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | | | - José Rubens Pirani
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ghillean T Prance
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
| | - Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Rapini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nádia Roque
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution (INCT IN-TREE), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Shimizu
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Sobral
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - João Renato Stehmann
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Trovó
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cássio van den Berg
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Charles E Zartman
- Department of Biodiversity, National Institute of Amazonian Research, 69060-001 Manaus, AM, Brazil
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20
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Esquivel-Muelbert A, Galbraith D, Dexter KG, Baker TR, Lewis SL, Meir P, Rowland L, Costa ACLD, Nepstad D, Phillips OL. Biogeographic distributions of neotropical trees reflect their directly measured drought tolerances. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8334. [PMID: 28827613 PMCID: PMC5567183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of species diversity hamper current understanding of how tropical forests may respond to environmental change. In the tropics, water availability is a leading driver of the diversity and distribution of tree species, suggesting that many tropical taxa may be physiologically incapable of tolerating dry conditions, and that their distributions along moisture gradients can be used to predict their drought tolerance. While this hypothesis has been explored at local and regional scales, large continental-scale tests are lacking. We investigate whether the relationship between drought-induced mortality and distributions holds continentally by relating experimental and observational data of drought-induced mortality across the Neotropics to the large-scale bioclimatic distributions of 115 tree genera. Across the different experiments, genera affiliated to wetter climatic regimes show higher drought-induced mortality than dry-affiliated ones, even after controlling for phylogenetic relationships. This pattern is stronger for adult trees than for saplings or seedlings, suggesting that the environmental filters exerted by drought impact adult tree survival most strongly. Overall, our analysis of experimental, observational, and bioclimatic data across neotropical forests suggests that increasing moisture-stress is indeed likely to drive significant changes in floristic composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Galbraith
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Kyle G Dexter
- Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Timothy R Baker
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Simon L Lewis
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK
| | - Patrick Meir
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Lucy Rowland
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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21
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Eiserhardt WL, Couvreur TLP, Baker WJ. Plant phylogeny as a window on the evolution of hyperdiversity in the tropical rainforest biome. New Phytol 2017; 214:1408-1422. [PMID: 28277624 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. References SUMMARY: Tropical rainforest (TRF) is the most species-rich terrestrial biome on Earth, harbouring just under half of the world's plant species in c. 7% of the land surface. Phylogenetic trees provide important insights into mechanisms underpinning TRF hyperdiversity that are complementary to those obtained from the fossil record. Phylogenetic studies of TRF plant diversity have mainly focused on whether this biome is an evolutionary 'cradle' or 'museum', emphasizing speciation and extinction rates. However, other explanations, such as biome age, immigration and ecological limits, must also be considered. We present a conceptual framework for addressing the drivers of TRF diversity, and review plant studies that have tested them with phylogenetic data. Although surprisingly few in number, these studies point to old age of TRF, low extinction and high speciation rates as credible drivers of TRF hyperdiversity. There is less evidence for immigration and ecological limits, but these cannot be dismissed owing to the limited number of studies. Rapid methodological developments in DNA sequencing, macroevolutionary analysis and the integration of phylogenetics with other disciplines may improve our grasp of TRF hyperdiversity in the future. However, such advances are critically dependent on fundamental systematic research, yielding numerous, additional, well-sampled phylogenies of TRF lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas L P Couvreur
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR DIADE, F-34394, Montpellier, France
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22
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Baker TR, Pennington RT, Dexter KG, Fine PVA, Fortune-Hopkins H, Honorio EN, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco I, Klitgård BB, Lewis GP, de Lima HC, Ashton P, Baraloto C, Davies S, Donoghue MJ, Kaye M, Kress WJ, Lehmann CER, Monteagudo A, Phillips OL, Vasquez R. Maximising Synergy among Tropical Plant Systematists, Ecologists, and Evolutionary Biologists. Trends Ecol Evol 2017; 32:258-267. [PMID: 28214038 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Closer collaboration among ecologists, systematists, and evolutionary biologists working in tropical forests, centred on studies within long-term permanent plots, would be highly beneficial for their respective fields. With a key unifying theme of the importance of vouchered collection and precise identification of species, especially rare ones, we identify four priority areas where improving links between these communities could achieve significant progress in biodiversity and conservation science: (i) increasing the pace of species discovery; (ii) documenting species turnover across space and time; (iii) improving models of ecosystem change; and (iv) understanding the evolutionary assembly of communities and biomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyle G Dexter
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul V A Fine
- Department of Integrative Biology and University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico de Rio de Janeiro (ENBT/JBRJ). Rua Pacheco Leão, 2040. RJ, Brazil
| | - Bente B Klitgård
- Department for Identification and Naming, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK
| | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Department for Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK
| | - Haroldo C de Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico de Rio de Janeiro (ENBT/JBRJ). Rua Pacheco Leão, 2040. RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Christopher Baraloto
- International Center for Tropical Botany, Florida International University, Miami, USA
| | - Stuart Davies
- Center for Tropical Forest Science - Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA; National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael J Donoghue
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maria Kaye
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - W John Kress
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
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23
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Johnson MO, Galbraith D, Gloor M, De Deurwaerder H, Guimberteau M, Rammig A, Thonicke K, Verbeeck H, von Randow C, Monteagudo A, Phillips OL, Brienen RJW, Feldpausch TR, Lopez Gonzalez G, Fauset S, Quesada CA, Christoffersen B, Ciais P, Sampaio G, Kruijt B, Meir P, Moorcroft P, Zhang K, Alvarez‐Davila E, Alves de Oliveira A, Amaral I, Andrade A, Aragao LEOC, Araujo‐Murakami A, Arets EJMM, Arroyo L, Aymard GA, Baraloto C, Barroso J, Bonal D, Boot R, Camargo J, Chave J, Cogollo A, Cornejo Valverde F, Lola da Costa AC, Di Fiore A, Ferreira L, Higuchi N, Honorio EN, Killeen TJ, Laurance SG, Laurance WF, Licona J, Lovejoy T, Malhi Y, Marimon B, Marimon BH, Matos DCL, Mendoza C, Neill DA, Pardo G, Peña‐Claros M, Pitman NCA, Poorter L, Prieto A, Ramirez‐Angulo H, Roopsind A, Rudas A, Salomao RP, Silveira M, Stropp J, ter Steege H, Terborgh J, Thomas R, Toledo M, Torres‐Lezama A, van der Heijden GMF, Vasquez R, Guimarães Vieira IC, Vilanova E, Vos VA, Baker TR. Variation in stem mortality rates determines patterns of above-ground biomass in Amazonian forests: implications for dynamic global vegetation models. Glob Chang Biol 2016; 22:3996-4013. [PMID: 27082541 PMCID: PMC6849555 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the processes that determine above-ground biomass (AGB) in Amazonian forests is important for predicting the sensitivity of these ecosystems to environmental change and for designing and evaluating dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). AGB is determined by inputs from woody productivity [woody net primary productivity (NPP)] and the rate at which carbon is lost through tree mortality. Here, we test whether two direct metrics of tree mortality (the absolute rate of woody biomass loss and the rate of stem mortality) and/or woody NPP, control variation in AGB among 167 plots in intact forest across Amazonia. We then compare these relationships and the observed variation in AGB and woody NPP with the predictions of four DGVMs. The observations show that stem mortality rates, rather than absolute rates of woody biomass loss, are the most important predictor of AGB, which is consistent with the importance of stand size structure for determining spatial variation in AGB. The relationship between stem mortality rates and AGB varies among different regions of Amazonia, indicating that variation in wood density and height/diameter relationships also influences AGB. In contrast to previous findings, we find that woody NPP is not correlated with stem mortality rates and is weakly positively correlated with AGB. Across the four models, basin-wide average AGB is similar to the mean of the observations. However, the models consistently overestimate woody NPP and poorly represent the spatial patterns of both AGB and woody NPP estimated using plot data. In marked contrast to the observations, DGVMs typically show strong positive relationships between woody NPP and AGB. Resolving these differences will require incorporating forest size structure, mechanistic models of stem mortality and variation in functional composition in DGVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manuel Gloor
- School of GeographyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS6 2QTUK
| | - Hannes De Deurwaerder
- CAVElab Computational & Applied Vegetation EcologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653B‐9000GentBelgium
| | - Matthieu Guimberteau
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA‐CNRS‐UVSQUniversité Paris‐SaclayF‐91191Gif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
- UMR 7619 METISIPSL, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, CNRS, EPHE75252ParisFrance
| | - Anja Rammig
- TUM School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University MunichHans‐Carl‐von‐Carlowitz‐Platz 285354FreisingGermany
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)Telegrafenberg A62PO Box 60 12 03D‐14412PotsdamGermany
| | - Kirsten Thonicke
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)Telegrafenberg A62PO Box 60 12 03D‐14412PotsdamGermany
| | - Hans Verbeeck
- CAVElab Computational & Applied Vegetation EcologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653B‐9000GentBelgium
| | - Celso von Randow
- INPEAv. Dos Astronautas, 1.758, Jd. GranjaCEP: 12227‐010Sao Jose dos CamposSPBrazil
| | - Abel Monteagudo
- Jardín Botánico de MissouriProlongacion Bolognesi Mz.e, Lote 6Oxapampa, PascoPeru
| | | | | | - Ted R. Feldpausch
- GeographyCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterRennes DriveExeterEX4 4RJUK
| | | | - Sophie Fauset
- School of GeographyUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS6 2QTUK
| | | | - Bradley Christoffersen
- School of GeosciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FFUK
- Earth and Environmental Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryPO Box 1663Los AlamosNM 87545USA
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA‐CNRS‐UVSQUniversité Paris‐SaclayF‐91191Gif‐sur‐YvetteFrance
| | - Gilvan Sampaio
- INPEAv. Dos Astronautas, 1.758, Jd. GranjaCEP: 12227‐010Sao Jose dos CamposSPBrazil
| | - Bart Kruijt
- ALTERRAWageningen‐URPO Box 476700 AAWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Patrick Meir
- School of GeosciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FFUK
- Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT0200Australia
| | - Paul Moorcroft
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary BiologyHarvard University26 Oxford StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological StudiesUniversity of Oklahoma National Weather Center Suite 2100120 David L. Boren BlvdNormanOK73072USA
| | | | | | - Ieda Amaral
- INPAAv. André Araújo, 2.936CEP 69067‐375Petrópolis, ManausAMBrazil
| | - Ana Andrade
- INPAAv. André Araújo, 2.936CEP 69067‐375Petrópolis, ManausAMBrazil
| | - Luiz E. O. C. Aragao
- Jardín Botánico de MissouriProlongacion Bolognesi Mz.e, Lote 6Oxapampa, PascoPeru
| | - Alejandro Araujo‐Murakami
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff MercadoUniversidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene MorenoCasilla 2489, Av. Irala 565Santa CruzBolivia
| | | | - Luzmila Arroyo
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff MercadoUniversidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene MorenoCasilla 2489, Av. Irala 565Santa CruzBolivia
| | - Gerardo A. Aymard
- UNELLEZ‐Guanare, Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT)Mesa de CavacasEstado Portuguesa3350Venezuela
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- Department of Biological SciencesInternational Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB)Florida International University112200 SW 8th Street, OE 167MiamiFL33199USA
| | - Jocely Barroso
- Universidade Federal do AcreCampus de Cruzeiro do SulRio BrancoBrazil
| | - Damien Bonal
- INRAUMR 1137 “Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestiere”54280ChampenouxFrance
| | - Rene Boot
- Tropenbos InternationalPO Box 2326700 AEWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jose Camargo
- INPAAv. André Araújo, 2.936CEP 69067‐375Petrópolis, ManausAMBrazil
| | - Jerome Chave
- Université Paul Sabatier CNRSUMR 5174 Evolution et Diversité Biologiquebâtiment 4R131062ToulouseFrance
| | - Alvaro Cogollo
- Jardín Botánico de Medellín Joaquín Antonio Uribe Calle 73 # 51 D 14 MedellínCartagenaColombia
| | | | | | - Anthony Di Fiore
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of Texas at AustinSAC Room 5.1502201 Speedway Stop C3200AustinTX78712USA
| | - Leandro Ferreira
- Museu Paraense Emilio GoeldiAv. Magalhães Barata, 376 ‐ São BrazCEP: 66040‐170BelémPABrazil
| | - Niro Higuchi
- INPAAv. André Araújo, 2.936CEP 69067‐375Petrópolis, ManausAMBrazil
| | - Euridice N. Honorio
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía PeruanaAv. José Quiñones km 2.5IquitosPerú
| | | | - Susan G. Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook UniversityCairnsQld4878Australia
| | - William F. Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook UniversityCairnsQld4878Australia
| | - Juan Licona
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigación ForestalC.P. 6201Santa Cruz de la SierraBolivia
| | - Thomas Lovejoy
- Environmental Science and Policy Department and the Department of Public and International Affairs at George Mason University (GMU)3351 Fairfax DriveArlingtonWashingtonDCVA 22201USA
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- Environmental Change InstituteSchool of Geography and the EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QYUK
| | - Bia Marimon
- Universidade do Estado de Mato GrossoCampus de Nova XavantinaCaixa Postal 08CEP 78.690‐000Nova XavantinaMTBrazil
| | - Ben Hur Marimon
- Universidade do Estado de Mato GrossoCampus de Nova XavantinaCaixa Postal 08CEP 78.690‐000Nova XavantinaMTBrazil
| | - Darley C. L. Matos
- Museu Paraense Emilio GoeldiAv. Magalhães Barata, 376 ‐ São BrazCEP: 66040‐170BelémPABrazil
| | - Casimiro Mendoza
- Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR)Av. Final Atahuallpa s/nCasilla 447CochabambaBolivia
| | - David A. Neill
- Facultad de Ingeniería AmbientalUniversidad Estatal AmazónicaPaso lateral km 2 1/2 via NapoPuyoPastazaEcuador
| | - Guido Pardo
- Universidad Autonoma del BeniCampus UniversitarioAv. Ejército Nacional, finalRiberaltaBeniBolivia
| | - Marielos Peña‐Claros
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigación ForestalC.P. 6201Santa Cruz de la SierraBolivia
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management GroupWageningen UniversityPO Box 47Wageningen6700 AAThe Netherlands
| | - Nigel C. A. Pitman
- Center for Tropical ConservationDuke UniversityBox 90381DurhamNC27708USA
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management GroupWageningen UniversityPO Box 47Wageningen6700 AAThe Netherlands
| | - Adriana Prieto
- Doctorado Instituto de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotáColombia
| | - Hirma Ramirez‐Angulo
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo ForestalUniversidad de Los AndesAvenida Principal Chorros de MillaCampus Universitario ForestalEdificio PrincipalMéridaVenezuela
| | - Anand Roopsind
- Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development77 High Street KingstonGeorgetownGuyana
| | - Agustin Rudas
- Doctorado Instituto de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotáColombia
| | - Rafael P. Salomao
- Museu Paraense Emilio GoeldiAv. Magalhães Barata, 376 ‐ São BrazCEP: 66040‐170BelémPABrazil
| | - Marcos Silveira
- Museu UniversitárioUniversidade Federal do AcreRio BrancoAC69910‐900Brazil
| | - Juliana Stropp
- Institute of Biological and Health SciencesFederal University of AlagoasAv. Lourival Melo Mota s/nTabuleiro do Martins, MaceióAL 57072‐900Brazil
| | - Hans ter Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterPO Box 95172300 RALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - John Terborgh
- Center for Tropical ConservationDuke UniversityBox 90381DurhamNC27708USA
| | - Raquel Thomas
- Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development77 High Street KingstonGeorgetownGuyana
| | - Marisol Toledo
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigación ForestalC.P. 6201Santa Cruz de la SierraBolivia
| | - Armando Torres‐Lezama
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo ForestalUniversidad de Los AndesAvenida Principal Chorros de MillaCampus Universitario ForestalEdificio PrincipalMéridaVenezuela
| | | | - Rodolfo Vasquez
- GeographyCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterRennes DriveExeterEX4 4RJUK
| | | | - Emilio Vilanova
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo ForestalUniversidad de Los AndesAvenida Principal Chorros de MillaCampus Universitario ForestalEdificio PrincipalMéridaVenezuela
| | - Vincent A. Vos
- Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, regional Norte AmazónicoC/Nicanor Gonzalo Salvatierra N° 362Casilla 16RiberaltaBolivia
- Universidad Autónoma del BeniAvenida 6 de Agosto N° 64RiberaltaBolivia
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24
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Johnson MO, Galbraith D, Gloor M, De Deurwaerder H, Guimberteau M, Rammig A, Thonicke K, Verbeeck H, von Randow C, Monteagudo A, Phillips OL, Brienen RJW, Feldpausch TR, Lopez Gonzalez G, Fauset S, Quesada CA, Christoffersen B, Ciais P, Sampaio G, Kruijt B, Meir P, Moorcroft P, Zhang K, Alvarez-Davila E, Alves de Oliveira A, Amaral I, Andrade A, Aragao LEOC, Araujo-Murakami A, Arets EJMM, Arroyo L, Aymard GA, Baraloto C, Barroso J, Bonal D, Boot R, Camargo J, Chave J, Cogollo A, Cornejo Valverde F, Lola da Costa AC, Di Fiore A, Ferreira L, Higuchi N, Honorio EN, Killeen TJ, Laurance SG, Laurance WF, Licona J, Lovejoy T, Malhi Y, Marimon B, Marimon BH, Matos DCL, Mendoza C, Neill DA, Pardo G, Peña-Claros M, Pitman NCA, Poorter L, Prieto A, Ramirez-Angulo H, Roopsind A, Rudas A, Salomao RP, Silveira M, Stropp J, Ter Steege H, Terborgh J, Thomas R, Toledo M, Torres-Lezama A, van der Heijden GMF, Vasquez R, Guimarães Vieira IC, Vilanova E, Vos VA, Baker TR. Variation in stem mortality rates determines patterns of above-ground biomass in Amazonian forests: implications for dynamic global vegetation models. Glob Chang Biol 2016. [PMID: 27082541 DOI: 10.5521/forestplots.net/2016_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the processes that determine above-ground biomass (AGB) in Amazonian forests is important for predicting the sensitivity of these ecosystems to environmental change and for designing and evaluating dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). AGB is determined by inputs from woody productivity [woody net primary productivity (NPP)] and the rate at which carbon is lost through tree mortality. Here, we test whether two direct metrics of tree mortality (the absolute rate of woody biomass loss and the rate of stem mortality) and/or woody NPP, control variation in AGB among 167 plots in intact forest across Amazonia. We then compare these relationships and the observed variation in AGB and woody NPP with the predictions of four DGVMs. The observations show that stem mortality rates, rather than absolute rates of woody biomass loss, are the most important predictor of AGB, which is consistent with the importance of stand size structure for determining spatial variation in AGB. The relationship between stem mortality rates and AGB varies among different regions of Amazonia, indicating that variation in wood density and height/diameter relationships also influences AGB. In contrast to previous findings, we find that woody NPP is not correlated with stem mortality rates and is weakly positively correlated with AGB. Across the four models, basin-wide average AGB is similar to the mean of the observations. However, the models consistently overestimate woody NPP and poorly represent the spatial patterns of both AGB and woody NPP estimated using plot data. In marked contrast to the observations, DGVMs typically show strong positive relationships between woody NPP and AGB. Resolving these differences will require incorporating forest size structure, mechanistic models of stem mortality and variation in functional composition in DGVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Galbraith
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS6 2QT, UK
| | - Manuel Gloor
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS6 2QT, UK
| | - Hannes De Deurwaerder
- CAVElab Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Guimberteau
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- UMR 7619 METIS, IPSL, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, CNRS, EPHE, 75252, Paris, France
| | - Anja Rammig
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354, Freising, Germany
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Telegrafenberg A62, PO Box 60 12 03, D-14412, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kirsten Thonicke
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Telegrafenberg A62, PO Box 60 12 03, D-14412, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hans Verbeeck
- CAVElab Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Celso von Randow
- INPE, Av. Dos Astronautas, 1.758, Jd. Granja, CEP: 12227-010, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Abel Monteagudo
- Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Prolongacion Bolognesi Mz.e, Lote 6, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru
| | | | | | - Ted R Feldpausch
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Rennes Drive, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
| | | | - Sophie Fauset
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS6 2QT, UK
| | - Carlos A Quesada
- INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, CEP 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Bradley Christoffersen
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gilvan Sampaio
- INPE, Av. Dos Astronautas, 1.758, Jd. Granja, CEP: 12227-010, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bart Kruijt
- ALTERRA, Wageningen-UR, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Meir
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - Paul Moorcroft
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, University of Oklahoma, National Weather Center, Suite 2100, 120 David L. Boren Blvd, Norman, OK, 73072, USA
| | | | | | - Ieda Amaral
- INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, CEP 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Ana Andrade
- INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, CEP 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Luiz E O C Aragao
- Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Prolongacion Bolognesi Mz.e, Lote 6, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru
| | - Alejandro Araujo-Murakami
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Casilla 2489, Av. Irala 565, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Eric J M M Arets
- ALTERRA, Wageningen-UR, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luzmila Arroyo
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Casilla 2489, Av. Irala 565, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Gerardo A Aymard
- UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Mesa de Cavacas, Estado Portuguesa, 3350, Venezuela
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB), Florida International University, 112200 SW 8th Street, OE 167, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Jocely Barroso
- Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus de Cruzeiro do Sul, Rio Branco, Brazil
| | - Damien Bonal
- INRA, UMR 1137 "Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestiere", 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Rene Boot
- Tropenbos International, PO Box 232, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jose Camargo
- INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, CEP 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jerome Chave
- Université Paul Sabatier CNRS, UMR 5174 Evolution et Diversité Biologique, bâtiment 4R1, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Alvaro Cogollo
- Jardín Botánico de Medellín Joaquín Antonio Uribe, Calle 73 # 51 D 14 Medellín, Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | | | - Anthony Di Fiore
- Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin, SAC Room 5.150, 2201 Speedway Stop C3200, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Leandro Ferreira
- Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata, 376 - São Braz, CEP: 66040-170, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Niro Higuchi
- INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2.936, CEP 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Euridice N Honorio
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. José Quiñones km 2.5, Iquitos, Perú
| | - Tim J Killeen
- World Wildlife Fund, 1250 24th St NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Susan G Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, 4878, Australia
| | - William F Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, 4878, Australia
| | - Juan Licona
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal, C.P. 6201, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
| | - Thomas Lovejoy
- Environmental Science and Policy Department and the Department of Public and International Affairs at George Mason University (GMU), 3351 Fairfax Drive, Arlington, Washington, DC, VA 22201, USA
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
| | - Bia Marimon
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, CEP 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil
| | - Ben Hur Marimon
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Campus de Nova Xavantina, Caixa Postal 08, CEP 78.690-000, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil
| | - Darley C L Matos
- Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata, 376 - São Braz, CEP: 66040-170, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Casimiro Mendoza
- Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR), Av. Final Atahuallpa s/n, Casilla 447, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - David A Neill
- Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Paso lateral km 2 1/2 via Napo, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador
| | - Guido Pardo
- Universidad Autonoma del Beni, Campus Universitario, Av. Ejército Nacional, final, Riberalta, Beni, Bolivia
| | - Marielos Peña-Claros
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal, C.P. 6201, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Nigel C A Pitman
- Center for Tropical Conservation, Duke University, Box 90381, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Adriana Prieto
- Doctorado Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hirma Ramirez-Angulo
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de Los Andes, Avenida Principal Chorros de Milla, Campus Universitario Forestal, Edificio Principal, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Anand Roopsind
- Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, 77 High Street Kingston, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Agustin Rudas
- Doctorado Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rafael P Salomao
- Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata, 376 - São Braz, CEP: 66040-170, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Marcos Silveira
- Museu Universitário, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, 69910-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Stropp
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió, AL 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Hans Ter Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - John Terborgh
- Center for Tropical Conservation, Duke University, Box 90381, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Raquel Thomas
- Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, 77 High Street Kingston, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Marisol Toledo
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal, C.P. 6201, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
| | - Armando Torres-Lezama
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de Los Andes, Avenida Principal Chorros de Milla, Campus Universitario Forestal, Edificio Principal, Mérida, Venezuela
| | | | - Rodolfo Vasquez
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Rennes Drive, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
| | | | - Emilio Vilanova
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de Los Andes, Avenida Principal Chorros de Milla, Campus Universitario Forestal, Edificio Principal, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Vincent A Vos
- Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, regional Norte Amazónico, C/Nicanor Gonzalo Salvatierra N° 362, Casilla 16, Riberalta, Bolivia
- Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Avenida 6 de Agosto N° 64, Riberalta, Bolivia
| | - Timothy R Baker
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS6 2QT, UK
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25
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Dexter K, Chave J. Evolutionary patterns of range size, abundance and species richness in Amazonian angiosperm trees. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2402. [PMID: 27651991 PMCID: PMC5018673 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amazonian tree species vary enormously in their total abundance and range size, while Amazonian tree genera vary greatly in species richness. The drivers of this variation are not well understood. Here, we construct a phylogenetic hypothesis that represents half of Amazonian tree genera in order to contribute to explaining the variation. We find several clear, broad-scale patterns. Firstly, there is significant phylogenetic signal for all three characteristics; closely related genera tend to have similar numbers of species and similar mean range size and abundance. Additionally, the species richness of genera shows a significant, negative relationship with the mean range size and abundance of their constituent species. Our results suggest that phylogenetically correlated intrinsic factors, namely traits of the genera themselves, shape among lineage variation in range size, abundance and species richness. We postulate that tree stature may be one particularly relevant trait. However, other traits may also be relevant, and our study reinforces the need for ambitious compilations of trait data for Amazonian trees. In the meantime, our study shows how large-scale phylogenies can help to elucidate, and contribute to explaining, macroecological and macroevolutionary patterns in hyperdiverse, yet poorly understood regions like the Amazon Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Dexter
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jérôme Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
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26
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Fortunel C, Paine CET, Fine PVA, Mesones I, Goret J, Burban B, Cazal J, Baraloto C. There's no place like home: seedling mortality contributes to the habitat specialisation of tree species across Amazonia. Ecol Lett 2016; 19:1256-66. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Fortunel
- INRA UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane BP 709 97387 Kourou Cedex France
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park MD20742 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA90095 USA
| | - C. E. Timothy Paine
- Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling StirlingFK9 4LA UK
| | - Paul V. A. Fine
- Department of Integrative Biology University of California Berkeley CA94720 USA
| | - Italo Mesones
- Department of Integrative Biology University of California Berkeley CA94720 USA
| | - Jean‐Yves Goret
- INRA UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane BP 709 97387 Kourou Cedex France
| | - Benoit Burban
- INRA UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane BP 709 97387 Kourou Cedex France
| | - Jocelyn Cazal
- INRA UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane BP 709 97387 Kourou Cedex France
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- INRA UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane BP 709 97387 Kourou Cedex France
- International Center for Tropical Botany Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami FL33199 USA
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Bardon L, Sothers C, Prance GT, Malé PJG, Xi Z, Davis CC, Murienne J, García-Villacorta R, Coissac E, Lavergne S, Chave J. Unraveling the biogeographical history of Chrysobalanaceae from plastid genomes. Am J Bot 2016; 103:1089-1102. [PMID: 27329943 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1500463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY The complex geological and climatic history of the Neotropics has had major implications on the diversification of plant lineages. Chrysobalanaceae is a pantropical family of trees and shrubs with 75% of its 531 species found in the Neotropics, and a time-calibrated phylogeny of this family should shed light on the tempo of diversification in the Neotropical flora. Previously published phylogenetic hypotheses of this family were poorly supported, and its biogeography remains unclear. METHODS We assembled the complete plastid genome of 51 Chrysobalanaceae species, and increased taxon sampling by Sanger-sequencing of five plastid regions for an additional 88 species. We generated a time-calibrated tree including all 139 Chrsyobalanaceae species and 23 outgroups. We then conducted an ancestral area reconstruction analysis and estimated diversification rates in the family. KEY RESULTS The tree generated with the plastid genome alignment was almost fully resolved. It supports the polyphyly of Licania and Hirtella. The family has diversified starting around the Eocene-Oligocene transition. An ancestral area reconstruction confirms a Paleotropical origin for Chrysobalanaceae with several transoceanic dispersal events. The main Neotropical clade likely resulted from a single migration event from Africa around 28 mya ago, which subsequently underwent rapid diversification. CONCLUSIONS Given the diverse ecologies exhibited by extant species, we hypothesize that the rapid diversification of Chrysobalanaceae following the colonization of the Neotropics was triggered by habitat specialization during the complex geological and paleoclimatic history of the Neotropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Bardon
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique UMR 5174 CNRS, ENFA, Université Paul Sabatier 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Cynthia Sothers
- Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
| | - Ghillean T Prance
- Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre-Jean G Malé
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhenxiang Xi
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Charles C Davis
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jerome Murienne
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique UMR 5174 CNRS, ENFA, Université Paul Sabatier 31062 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Eric Coissac
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5553 LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Lavergne
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5553 LECA, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jérôme Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique UMR 5174 CNRS, ENFA, Université Paul Sabatier 31062 Toulouse, France
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Pennington RT, Lavin M. The contrasting nature of woody plant species in different neotropical forest biomes reflects differences in ecological stability. New Phytol 2016; 210:25-37. [PMID: 26558891 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental premise of this review is that distinctive phylogenetic and biogeographic patterns in clades endemic to different major biomes illuminate the evolutionary process. In seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs), phylogenies are geographically structured and multiple individuals representing single species coalesce. This pattern of monophyletic species, coupled with their old species stem ages, is indicative of maintenance of small effective population sizes over evolutionary timescales, which suggests that SDTF is difficult to immigrate into because of persistent resident lineages adapted to a stable, seasonally dry ecology. By contrast, lack of coalescence in conspecific accessions of abundant and often widespread species is more frequent in rain forests and is likely to reflect large effective population sizes maintained over huge areas by effective seed and pollen flow. Species nonmonophyly, young species stem ages and lack of geographical structure in rain forest phylogenies may reflect more widespread disturbance by drought and landscape evolution causing resident mortality that opens up greater opportunities for immigration and speciation. We recommend full species sampling and inclusion of multiple accessions representing individual species in phylogenies to highlight nonmonophyletic species, which we predict will be frequent in rain forest and savanna, and which represent excellent case studies of incipient speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Toby Pennington
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Matt Lavin
- Department of Plant Sciences & Plant Pathology, Montana State University, PO Box 173150, Bozeman, MT, 59717-3150, USA
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Baker TR, Vela Díaz DM, Chama Moscoso V, Navarro G, Monteagudo A, Pinto R, Cangani K, Fyllas NM, Lopez Gonzalez G, Laurance WF, Lewis SL, Lloyd J, Ter Steege H, Terborgh JW, Phillips OL. Consistent, small effects of treefall disturbances on the composition and diversity of four Amazonian forests. J Ecol 2016; 104:497-506. [PMID: 27609991 DOI: 10.5521/forestplots.net/2015_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the resilience of moist tropical forests to treefall disturbance events is important for understanding the mechanisms that underlie species coexistence and for predicting the future composition of these ecosystems. Here, we test whether variation in the functional composition of Amazonian forests determines their resilience to disturbance.We studied the legacy of natural treefall disturbance events in four forests across Amazonia that differ substantially in functional composition. We compared the composition and diversity of all free-standing woody stems 2-10 cm diameter in previously disturbed and undisturbed 20 × 20 m subplots within 55, one-hectare, long-term forest inventory plots.Overall, stem number increased following disturbance, and species and functional composition shifted to favour light-wooded, small-seeded taxa. Alpha-diversity increased, but beta-diversity was unaffected by disturbance, in all four forests.Changes in response to disturbance in both functional composition and alpha-diversity were, however, small (2 - 4% depending on the parameter) and similar among forests. Synthesis. This study demonstrates that variation in the functional composition of Amazonian forests does not lead to large differences in the response of these forests to treefall disturbances, and overall, these events have a minor role in maintaining the diversity of these ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Baker
- School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Dilys M Vela Díaz
- Department of Biology Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis MO 63130 USA
| | | | - Gilberto Navarro
- Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana Sargento Lores 385 Iquitos Peru
| | | | - Ruy Pinto
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld 4870 Australia
| | - Katia Cangani
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld 4870 Australia
| | - Nikolaos M Fyllas
- Department of Ecology and Systematics Faculty of Biology University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15701 Athens Greece
| | | | - William F Laurance
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld4870 Australia; Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA) and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Av. André Araujo 2936 Manaus Brazil
| | - Simon L Lewis
- School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK; University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Jonathan Lloyd
- Imperial College Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road Ascot West Berkshire SL5 7PY UK
| | - Hans Ter Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center PO Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - John W Terborgh
- Center for Tropical Conservation Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Box 90328 Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Oliver L Phillips
- School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
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30
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Baker TR, Vela Díaz DM, Chama Moscoso V, Navarro G, Monteagudo A, Pinto R, Cangani K, Fyllas NM, Lopez Gonzalez G, Laurance WF, Lewis SL, Lloyd J, Ter Steege H, Terborgh JW, Phillips OL. Consistent, small effects of treefall disturbances on the composition and diversity of four Amazonian forests. J Ecol 2016; 104:497-506. [PMID: 27609991 PMCID: PMC4991291 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the resilience of moist tropical forests to treefall disturbance events is important for understanding the mechanisms that underlie species coexistence and for predicting the future composition of these ecosystems. Here, we test whether variation in the functional composition of Amazonian forests determines their resilience to disturbance.We studied the legacy of natural treefall disturbance events in four forests across Amazonia that differ substantially in functional composition. We compared the composition and diversity of all free-standing woody stems 2-10 cm diameter in previously disturbed and undisturbed 20 × 20 m subplots within 55, one-hectare, long-term forest inventory plots.Overall, stem number increased following disturbance, and species and functional composition shifted to favour light-wooded, small-seeded taxa. Alpha-diversity increased, but beta-diversity was unaffected by disturbance, in all four forests.Changes in response to disturbance in both functional composition and alpha-diversity were, however, small (2 - 4% depending on the parameter) and similar among forests. Synthesis. This study demonstrates that variation in the functional composition of Amazonian forests does not lead to large differences in the response of these forests to treefall disturbances, and overall, these events have a minor role in maintaining the diversity of these ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Baker
- School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Dilys M Vela Díaz
- Department of Biology Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis MO 63130 USA
| | | | - Gilberto Navarro
- Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana Sargento Lores 385 Iquitos Peru
| | | | - Ruy Pinto
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld 4870 Australia
| | - Katia Cangani
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld 4870 Australia
| | - Nikolaos M Fyllas
- Department of Ecology and Systematics Faculty of Biology University of Athens Panepistimiopolis 15701 Athens Greece
| | | | - William F Laurance
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns Qld4870 Australia; Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA) and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Av. André Araujo 2936 Manaus Brazil
| | - Simon L Lewis
- School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK; University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Jonathan Lloyd
- Imperial College Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road Ascot West Berkshire SL5 7PY UK
| | - Hans Ter Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center PO Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - John W Terborgh
- Center for Tropical Conservation Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Box 90328 Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Oliver L Phillips
- School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V.A. Fine
- Department of Integrative Biology and University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720;
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32
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ter Steege H, Pitman NCA, Killeen TJ, Laurance WF, Peres CA, Guevara JE, Salomão RP, Castilho CV, Amaral IL, de Almeida Matos FD, de Souza Coelho L, Magnusson WE, Phillips OL, de Andrade Lima Filho D, de Jesus Veiga Carim M, Irume MV, Martins MP, Molino JF, Sabatier D, Wittmann F, López DC, da Silva Guimarães JR, Mendoza AM, Vargas PN, Manzatto AG, Reis NFC, Terborgh J, Casula KR, Montero JC, Feldpausch TR, Honorio Coronado EN, Montoya AJD, Zartman CE, Mostacedo B, Vasquez R, Assis RL, Medeiros MB, Simon MF, Andrade A, Camargo JL, Laurance SGW, Nascimento HEM, Marimon BS, Marimon BH, Costa F, Targhetta N, Vieira ICG, Brienen R, Castellanos H, Duivenvoorden JF, Mogollón HF, Piedade MTF, Aymard C. GA, Comiskey JA, Damasco G, Dávila N, García-Villacorta R, Diaz PRS, Vincentini A, Emilio T, Levis C, Schietti J, Souza P, Alonso A, Dallmeier F, Ferreira LV, Neill D, Araujo-Murakami A, Arroyo L, Carvalho FA, Souza FC, do Amaral DD, Gribel R, Luize BG, Pansonato MP, Venticinque E, Fine P, Toledo M, Baraloto C, Cerón C, Engel J, Henkel TW, Jimenez EM, Maas P, Mora MCP, Petronelli P, Revilla JDC, Silveira M, Stropp J, Thomas-Caesar R, Baker TR, Daly D, Paredes MR, da Silva NF, Fuentes A, Jørgensen PM, Schöngart J, Silman MR, Arboleda NC, Cintra BBL, Valverde FC, Di Fiore A, Phillips JF, van Andel TR, von Hildebrand P, Barbosa EM, de Matos Bonates LC, de Castro D, de Sousa Farias E, Gonzales T, Guillaumet JL, Hoffman B, Malhi Y, de Andrade Miranda IP, Prieto A, Rudas A, Ruschell AR, Silva N, Vela CIA, Vos VA, Zent EL, Zent S, Cano A, Nascimento MT, Oliveira AA, Ramirez-Angulo H, Ramos JF, Sierra R, Tirado M, Medina MNU, van der Heijden G, Torre EV, Vriesendorp C, Wang O, Young KR, Baider C, Balslev H, de Castro N, Farfan-Rios W, Ferreira C, Mendoza C, Mesones I, Torres-Lezama A, Giraldo LEU, Villarroel D, Zagt R, Alexiades MN, Garcia-Cabrera K, Hernandez L, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco I, Milliken W, Cuenca WP, Pansini S, Pauletto D, Arevalo FR, Sampaio AF, Valderrama Sandoval EH, Gamarra LV. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species. Sci Adv 2015; 1:e1500936. [PMID: 26702442 PMCID: PMC4681336 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict that most of the world's >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans ter Steege
- Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwin building, Darwinweg 4, Leiden 2300 AA, The Netherlands
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Nigel C. A. Pitman
- Science and Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605–2496, USA
- Center for Tropical Conservation, Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - William F. Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Carlos A. Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Juan Ernesto Guevara
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720–3140, USA
- Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Av. Río Coca E6-115 e Isla Floreana, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael P. Salomão
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Magalhaes Barata 376, C.P. 399, Belém, PA 66040–170, Brazil
| | - Carolina V. Castilho
- EMBRAPA – Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, BR 174, km 8 – Distrito Industrial, Boa Vista, RR 69301–970, Brazil
| | - Iêda Leão Amaral
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Luiz de Souza Coelho
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - William E. Magnusson
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Oliver L. Phillips
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim
- Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA, Av. Feliciano Coelho, 1509. Trem, Macapá, Amapá 68901–025, Brazil
| | - Mariana Victória Irume
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Maria Pires Martins
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Jean-François Molino
- UMR AMAP, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), TA 40/PS2, Boulevard de la Lironde, Montpellier Cedex 5 34398, France
| | - Daniel Sabatier
- UMR AMAP, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), TA 40/PS2, Boulevard de la Lironde, Montpellier Cedex 5 34398, France
| | - Florian Wittmann
- Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner Weg 1, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Dairon Cárdenas López
- Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, Calle 20 No 5, Bogotá, DF 44, Colombia
| | - José Renan da Silva Guimarães
- Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA, Av. Feliciano Coelho, 1509. Trem, Macapá, Amapá 68901–025, Brazil
| | | | - Percy Núñez Vargas
- Herbario Vargas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Avenida de la Cultura, Nro 733, Cusco, Cuzco, Peru
| | - Angelo Gilberto Manzatto
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre, Unir, Porto Velho, Rondônia 76.824-027, Brazil
| | - Neidiane Farias Costa Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional e Meio Ambiente PGDRA, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre, Unir, Porto Velho, Rondônia 76.824-028, Brazil
| | - John Terborgh
- Center for Tropical Conservation, Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Katia Regina Casula
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional e Meio Ambiente PGDRA, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre, Unir, Porto Velho, Rondônia 76.824-028, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Montero
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Km 9 Carretera al Norte, El Vallecito, FCA-UAGRM, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Ted R. Feldpausch
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK
| | - Euridice N. Honorio Coronado
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Av. José A. Quiñones km. 2.5, Iquitos, Loreto, Peru
| | - Alvaro Javier Duque Montoya
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 64 x Cra 65, Medellín, Antioquia 1027, Colombia
| | - Charles Eugene Zartman
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Bonifacio Mostacedo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | | | - Rafael L. Assis
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Brilhante Medeiros
- Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estaccao Biologica, Av. W5 Norte, Brasilia, DF 70770–917, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fragomeni Simon
- Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estaccao Biologica, Av. W5 Norte, Brasilia, DF 70770–917, Brazil
| | - Ana Andrade
- Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - José Luís Camargo
- Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Susan G. W. Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
| | - Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Beatriz S. Marimon
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil
| | - Ben-Hur Marimon
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil
| | - Flávia Costa
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Natalia Targhetta
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Magalhaes Barata 376, C.P. 399, Belém, PA 66040–170, Brazil
| | - Roel Brienen
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Hernán Castellanos
- Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Calle Chile, urbaniz Chilemex, Puerto Ordaz, Bolivar, Venezuela
| | - Joost F. Duivenvoorden
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, Amsterdam, Noord Holland 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo F. Mogollón
- Endangered Species Coalition, 8530 Geren Rd., Silver Spring, MD 20901, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Gerardo A. Aymard C.
- Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), UNELLEZ-Guanare, Guanare, Portuguesa 3350, Venezuela
| | - James A. Comiskey
- Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane, Fredericksburg, VA 22405, USA
| | - Gabriel Damasco
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720–3140, USA
| | - Nállarett Dávila
- Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109, Campinas, SP 13.083-970, Brazil
| | - Roosevelt García-Villacorta
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Rd, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK
- Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK
| | | | - Alberto Vincentini
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Thaise Emilio
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK
| | - Carolina Levis
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, University of Wageningen, Lumen, building no.100, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen 6708 PB, Netherlands
| | - Juliana Schietti
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Priscila Souza
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Alfonso Alonso
- Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, MRC 0705, Washington, DC 20013–7012, USA
| | - Francisco Dallmeier
- Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, MRC 0705, Washington, DC 20013–7012, USA
| | - Leandro Valle Ferreira
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Magalhaes Barata 376, C.P. 399, Belém, PA 66040–170, Brazil
| | - David Neill
- Ecosistemas, Biodiversidad y Conservación de Especies, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km. 2 1/2 vía a Tena (Paso Lateral), Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador
| | - Alejandro Araujo-Murakami
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Post al 2489, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Luzmila Arroyo
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Post al 2489, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Fernanda Antunes Carvalho
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Coelho Souza
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Dário Dantas do Amaral
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Av. Magalhaes Barata 376, C.P. 399, Belém, PA 66040–170, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Gribel
- Diretoria de Pesquisas Científicas, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruno Garcia Luize
- Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Petrati Pansonato
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Venticinque
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072–970, Brazil
| | - Paul Fine
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720–3140, USA
| | - Marisol Toledo
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Km 9 Carretera al Norte, El Vallecito, FCA-UAGRM, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Chris Baraloto
- UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Campus agronomique, Kourou Cedex 97379, French Guiana
- International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 167, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Carlos Cerón
- Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Central, Ap. Postal 17.01.2177, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Julien Engel
- UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana
| | - Terry W. Henkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street, Arcata, CA 95521, USA
| | - Eliana M. Jimenez
- Grupo de Ecología de Ecosistemas Terrestres Tropicales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia
| | - Paul Maas
- Taxonomy and Systematics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwin building, Darwinweg 4, Leiden 2300 AA, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pascal Petronelli
- UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Campus agronomique, Kourou Cedex 97379, French Guiana
| | - Juan David Cardenas Revilla
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Marcos Silveira
- Museu Universitário, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC 69915–559, Brazil
| | - Juliana Stropp
- Land Resource and Management Unit, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, TP 440, Ispra, VA I-21027, Italy
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceio, AL 57072–970, Brazil
| | - Raquel Thomas-Caesar
- Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Tim R. Baker
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Doug Daly
- New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, New York, NY 10458–5126, USA
| | | | - Naara Ferreira da Silva
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Fuentes
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universitario UMSA, Casilla 10077 Correo Central, La Paz, Bolivia
| | | | - Jochen Schöngart
- Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner Weg 1, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Miles R. Silman
- Biology Department and Center for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd, Winston Salem, NC 27106, USA
| | | | - Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | | | - Anthony Di Fiore
- Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin, SAC 5.150, 2201 Speedway Stop C3200, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | | | - Tinde R. van Andel
- Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwin building, Darwinweg 4, Leiden 2300 AA, The Netherlands
| | | | - Edelcilio Marques Barbosa
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Deborah de Castro
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle de Sousa Farias
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA), Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis, Manaus, AM 69057–070, Brazil
| | - Therany Gonzales
- ACEER Foundation, Jirón Cusco N° 370, Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios, Peru
| | - Jean-Louis Guillaumet
- Departement EV, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, 16 rue Buffon, Paris 75005, France
| | - Bruce Hoffman
- Amazon Conservation Team, Doekhieweg Oost #24, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, England OX1 3QY, UK
| | - Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Adriana Prieto
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, UNAL, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Apartado 7945, Bogotá, DF, Colombia
| | - Agustín Rudas
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, UNAL, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Apartado 7945, Bogotá, DF, Colombia
| | - Ademir R. Ruschell
- Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/n, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Natalino Silva
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - César I. A. Vela
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, San Martín 451, Puerto Maldonado, Madre de Dios, Peru
| | - Vincent A. Vos
- Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Riberalta, Beni, Bolivia
- Regional Norte Amazónico, Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, Riberalta, Beni, Bolivia
| | - Eglée L. Zent
- Laboratory of Human Ecology, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Ado 20632, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela
| | - Stanford Zent
- Laboratory of Human Ecology, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Ado 20632, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela
| | - Angela Cano
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, DF, Colombia
| | - Marcelo Trindade Nascimento
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos dos Goyatacazes, RJ 28013–620, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A. Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências - Dept. Ecologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, no. 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508–090, Brazil
| | - Hirma Ramirez-Angulo
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Conjunto Forestal, C.P. 5101, Mérida, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - José Ferreira Ramos
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sierra
- GeoIS, El Día 369 y El Telégrafo, 3° Piso, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Milton Tirado
- GeoIS, El Día 369 y El Telégrafo, 3° Piso, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | | | - Geertje van der Heijden
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA
| | - Emilio Vilanova Torre
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Conjunto Forestal, C.P. 5101, Mérida, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Corine Vriesendorp
- Science and Education, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605–2496, USA
| | - Ophelia Wang
- Environmental Science and Policy, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Kenneth R. Young
- Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, CLA building, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Claudia Baider
- Instituto de Biociências - Dept. Ecologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, no. 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508–090, Brazil
- Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, The Mauritius Herbarium, Reduit, Mauritius
| | - Henrik Balslev
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Building 1540 Ny Munkegade, Aarhus C, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Natalia de Castro
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - William Farfan-Rios
- Biology Department and Center for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd, Winston Salem, NC 27106, USA
| | - Cid Ferreira
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69060–001, Brazil
| | - Casimiro Mendoza
- FOMABO, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia, Sacta, Cochabamba, Bolivia
- Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR), Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS), Sacta, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Italo Mesones
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720–3140, USA
| | - Armando Torres-Lezama
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Conjunto Forestal, C.P. 5101, Mérida, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 64 x Cra 65, Medellín, Antioquia 1027, Colombia
| | - Daniel Villarroel
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Post al 2489, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Roderick Zagt
- Tropenbos International, Lawickse Allee 11 PO Box 232, Wageningen 6700 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel N. Alexiades
- School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Marlowe Building, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NR, UK
| | - Karina Garcia-Cabrera
- Biology Department and Center for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd, Winston Salem, NC 27106, USA
| | - Lionel Hernandez
- Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Calle Chile urbaniz Chilemex, Puerto Ordaz, Bolivar, Venezuela
| | - Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco
- Herbario Vargas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Avenida de la Cultura, Nro 733, Cusco, Cuzco, Peru
| | - William Milliken
- Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE, UK
| | | | - Susamar Pansini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional e Meio Ambiente PGDRA, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre, Unir, Porto Velho, Rondônia 76.824-029, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pauletto
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, Campus Tapajós, Santarém, PA 68015–110, Brazil
| | - Freddy Ramirez Arevalo
- Facultad de Biologia, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Pevas 5ta cdra, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Adeilza Felipe Sampaio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional e Meio Ambiente PGDRA, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre, Unir, Porto Velho, Rondônia 76.824-029, Brazil
| | - Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval
- Facultad de Biologia, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Pevas 5ta cdra, Iquitos, Peru
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
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Honorio Coronado EN, Dexter KG, Pennington RT, Chave J, Lewis SL, Alexiades MN, Alvarez E, Alves de Oliveira A, Amaral IL, Araujo‐Murakami A, Arets EJMM, Aymard GA, Baraloto C, Bonal D, Brienen R, Cerón C, Cornejo Valverde F, Di Fiore A, Farfan‐Rios W, Feldpausch TR, Higuchi N, Huamantupa‐Chuquimaco I, Laurance SG, Laurance WF, López‐Gonzalez G, Marimon BS, Marimon‐Junior BH, Monteagudo Mendoza A, Neill D, Palacios Cuenca W, Peñuela Mora MC, Pitman NCA, Prieto A, Quesada CA, Ramirez Angulo H, Rudas A, Ruschel AR, Salinas Revilla N, Salomão RP, Segalin de Andrade A, Silman MR, Spironello W, Steege H, Terborgh J, Toledo M, Valenzuela Gamarra L, Vieira ICG, Vilanova Torre E, Vos V, Phillips OL. Phylogenetic diversity of Amazonian tree communities. DIVERS DISTRIB 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado
- School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana Apartado Postal 784 Iquitos Peru
| | - Kyle G. Dexter
- School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3JN UK
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Edinburgh EH3 5LR UK
| | | | - Jérôme Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS & Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 31062 France
| | - Simon L. Lewis
- School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
- Department of Geography University College London London WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Miguel N. Alexiades
- School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Marlowe Building Canterbury CT1 3EH UK
| | - Esteban Alvarez
- Jardín Botánico de Medellín Calle 73N 51D, 14 Medellín Colombia
| | | | - Iêda L. Amaral
- Projeto TEAM Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia C.P. 478 Manaus Brazil
| | - Alejandro Araujo‐Murakami
- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado & Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Casilla 2489, Av. Irala 565 Santa Cruz Bolivia
| | - Eric J. M. M. Arets
- Alterra Wageningen University and Research Centre PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Gerardo A. Aymard
- UNELLEZ‐Guanare Programa del Agro y el Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) Mesa de Cavacas Estado Portuguesa 3350 Venezuela
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane 97387 Kourou Cedex French Guiana
- International Center for Tropical Botany Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Damien Bonal
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UMR EEF INRA‐Université de Lorraine 54280 Champenoux France
| | - Roel Brienen
- School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Carlos Cerón
- Herbario Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central del Ecuador Casilla 17‐01‐2177 Quito Ecuador
| | | | - Anthony Di Fiore
- Department of Anthropology University of Texas 2201 Speedway Stop C3200 Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - William Farfan‐Rios
- Biology Department and Center for Energy, Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University 1834 Wake Forest Rd. Winston‐Salem 27109 NC USA
| | - Ted R. Feldpausch
- Geography College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Exeter EX4 4RJ UK
| | - Niro Higuchi
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia C.P. 478 Manaus AM 69011‐970 Brazil
| | | | - Susan G. Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns 4870 Qld Australia
| | - William F. Laurance
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook University Cairns 4870 Qld Australia
| | | | - Beatriz S. Marimon
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Caixa Postal 08 CEP 78.690‐000 Nova Xavantina Brazil
| | - Ben Hur Marimon‐Junior
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Caixa Postal 08 CEP 78.690‐000 Nova Xavantina Brazil
| | | | - David Neill
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica Puyo Pastaza Ecuador
| | - Walter Palacios Cuenca
- Universidad Técnica del Norte & Herbario Nacional del Ecuador Casilla 17‐21‐1787, Av. Río Coca E6‐115 Quito Ecuador
| | | | - Nigel C. A. Pitman
- Center for Tropical Conservation Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
- Science and Education The Field Museum Chicago IL 60605‐2496 USA
| | - Adriana Prieto
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia Carrera 30 N° 45‐03, Edificio 425 C.P. 111321 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Carlos A. Quesada
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia C.P. 478 Manaus AM 69011‐970 Brazil
| | - Hirma Ramirez Angulo
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales Universidad de Los Andes Conjunto Forestal C.P. 5101 Mérida Venezuela
| | - Agustín Rudas
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia Carrera 30 N° 45‐03, Edificio 425 C.P. 111321 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Ademir R. Ruschel
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Parque Estação Biológica ‐ PqEB s/n Brasilía Brazil
| | - Norma Salinas Revilla
- Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco Av. de la Cultura 733 Cusco Peru
- School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3QK UK
| | - Rafael P. Salomão
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Av. Magalhães Barata, 376 ‐ São Braz CEP 66040‐170 Belem Brazil
| | | | - Miles R. Silman
- Biology Department and Center for Energy, Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University 1834 Wake Forest Rd. Winston‐Salem 27109 NC USA
| | - Wilson Spironello
- Projeto TEAM Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia C.P. 478 Manaus Brazil
| | - Hans Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center PO Box, 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
- Ecology & Biodiversity Group Utrecht University Sorbonnelaan 14 Utrecht 3584 CS The Netherlands
| | - John Terborgh
- Center for Tropical Conservation Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Marisol Toledo
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigacióon Forestal, C.P. 6201 & Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Av. Irala 565 Santa Cruz Bolivia
| | | | - Ima C. G. Vieira
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Av. Magalhães Barata, 376 ‐ São Braz CEP 66040‐170 Belem Brazil
| | - Emilio Vilanova Torre
- Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales Universidad de Los Andes Conjunto Forestal C.P. 5101 Mérida Venezuela
| | - Vincent Vos
- Universidad Autónoma del Beni Av. Ejército Nacional, Riberalta Riberalta Bolivia
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Henao-diaz F, Stevenson PR. Neutral Theory Overestimates Extinction Times in Nonhuman Primates. INT J PRIMATOL 2015; 36:790-801. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-015-9854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sakschewski B, von Bloh W, Boit A, Rammig A, Kattge J, Poorter L, Peñuelas J, Thonicke K. Leaf and stem economics spectra drive diversity of functional plant traits in a dynamic global vegetation model. Glob Chang Biol 2015; 21:2711-2725. [PMID: 25611734 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Functional diversity is critical for ecosystem dynamics, stability and productivity. However, dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) which are increasingly used to simulate ecosystem functions under global change, condense functional diversity to plant functional types (PFTs) with constant parameters. Here, we develop an individual- and trait-based version of the DGVM LPJmL (Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land) called LPJmL- flexible individual traits (LPJmL-FIT) with flexible individual traits) which we apply to generate plant trait maps for the Amazon basin. LPJmL-FIT incorporates empirical ranges of five traits of tropical trees extracted from the TRY global plant trait database, namely specific leaf area (SLA), leaf longevity (LL), leaf nitrogen content (Narea ), the maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco per leaf area (vcmaxarea), and wood density (WD). To scale the individual growth performance of trees, the leaf traits are linked by trade-offs based on the leaf economics spectrum, whereas wood density is linked to tree mortality. No preselection of growth strategies is taking place, because individuals with unique trait combinations are uniformly distributed at tree establishment. We validate the modeled trait distributions by empirical trait data and the modeled biomass by a remote sensing product along a climatic gradient. Including trait variability and trade-offs successfully predicts natural trait distributions and achieves a more realistic representation of functional diversity at the local to regional scale. As sites of high climatic variability, the fringes of the Amazon promote trait divergence and the coexistence of multiple tree growth strategies, while lower plant trait diversity is found in the species-rich center of the region with relatively low climatic variability. LPJmL-FIT enables to test hypotheses on the effects of functional biodiversity on ecosystem functioning and to apply the DGVM to current challenges in ecosystem management from local to global scales, that is, deforestation and climate change effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Sakschewski
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Telegraphenberg A31, Potsdam, 14473, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Werner von Bloh
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Telegraphenberg A31, Potsdam, 14473, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Alice Boit
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Telegraphenberg A31, Potsdam, 14473, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Anja Rammig
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Telegraphenberg A31, Potsdam, 14473, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Jens Kattge
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, Wageningen, 6700AA, The Netherlands
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, CSIC, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Kirsten Thonicke
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Telegraphenberg A31, Potsdam, 14473, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, 14195, Germany
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Tanentzap AJ, Brandt AJ, Smissen RD, Heenan PB, Fukami T, Lee WG. When do plant radiations influence community assembly? The importance of historical contingency in the race for niche space. New Phytol 2015; 207:468-479. [PMID: 25771829 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant radiations are widespread but their influence on community assembly has rarely been investigated. Theory and some evidence suggest that radiations can allow lineages to monopolize niche space when founding species arrive early into new bioclimatic regions and exploit ecological opportunities. These early radiations may subsequently reduce niche availability and dampen diversification of later arrivals. We tested this hypothesis of time-dependent lineage diversification and community dominance using the alpine flora of New Zealand. We estimated ages of 16 genera from published phylogenies and determined their relative occurrence across climatic and physical gradients in the alpine zone. We used these data to reconstruct occupancy of environmental space through time, integrating palaeoclimatic and palaeogeological changes. Our analysis suggested that earlier-colonizing lineages encountered a greater availability of environmental space, which promoted greater species diversity and occupancy of niche space. Genera that occupied broader niches were subsequently more dominant in local communities. An earlier time of arrival also contributed to greater diversity independently of its influence in accessing niche space. We suggest that plant radiations influence community assembly when they arise early in the occupancy of environmental space, allowing them to exclude later-arriving colonists from ecological communities by niche preemption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Tanentzap
- Ecosystems and Global Change Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | | | | | | | - Tadashi Fukami
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - William G Lee
- Landcare Research, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
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Tamma K, Ramakrishnan U. Higher speciation and lower extinction rates influence mammal diversity gradients in Asia. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:11. [PMID: 25648944 PMCID: PMC4333168 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0289-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the patterns and correlates of mammal diversity gradients in Asia. In this study, we examine patterns of species distributions and phylogenetic diversity in Asia and investigate if the observed diversity patterns are associated with differences in diversification rates between the tropical and non-tropical regions. We used species distribution maps and phylogenetic trees to generate species and phylogenetic diversity measures for 1° × 1° cells across mainland Asia. We constructed lineage-through-time plots and estimated diversification shift-times to examine the temporal patterns of diversifications across orders. Finally, we tested if the observed gradients in Asia could be associated with geographical differences in diversification rates across the tropical and non-tropical biomes. We estimated speciation, extinction and dispersal rates across these two regions for mammals, both globally and for Asian mammals. RESULTS Our results demonstrate strong latitudinal and longitudinal gradients of species and phylogenetic diversity with Southeast Asia and the Himalayas showing highest diversity. Importantly, our results demonstrate that differences in diversification (speciation, extinction and dispersal) rates between the tropical and the non-tropical biomes influence the observed diversity gradients globally and in Asia. For the first time, we demonstrate that Asian tropics act as both cradles and museums of mammalian diversity. CONCLUSIONS Temporal and spatial variation in diversification rates across different lineages of mammals is an important correlate of species diversity gradients observed in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnapriya Tamma
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Bellary Road, Bangalore - 65, India.
| | - Uma Ramakrishnan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Bellary Road, Bangalore - 65, India.
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