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Pfluger BA, Giunta A, Calvimontes DM, Lamb MM, Delgado-Zapata R, Ramakrishnan U, Ryan EP. Pilot Study of Heat-Stabilized Rice Bran Acceptability in Households of Rural Southwest Guatemala and Estimates of Fiber, Protein, and Micro-Nutrient Intakes among Mothers and Children. Nutrients 2024; 16:460. [PMID: 38337744 PMCID: PMC10856929 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrient-dense, acceptable foods are needed in low-resource settings. Rice bran, a global staple byproduct of white rice processing, is rich in amino acids, fibers, and vitamins, when compared to other cereal brans. This pilot study examines the nutritional contribution of rice bran to the daily diets of mother-child pairs in rural southwest Guatemala. Thirty households were screened. Mothers (≥18 years) and children (6 to 24 months) completed 24 h dietary recalls at baseline and after 12 weeks (endline) for diet intake and diversity analyses. During biweekly visits for 12 weeks, households with <5 members received 14 packets containing 60 g of heat-stabilized rice bran, and those with ≥5 members received 28 packets. The macro- and micro-nutrient contributions of rice bran and whole, cooked black beans were included in dietary simulation models with average intakes established between the recalls and for comparison with dietary reference intakes (DRIs). A baseline child food frequency questionnaire was administered. The 27 mothers and 23 children with complete recalls were included in analyses. Daily maternal consumption of 10 g/d of rice bran plus 100 g/d of black beans resulted in all achieving at least 50% of the fiber, protein, magnesium, niacin, potassium, and thiamin DRIs. Daily child consumption of 3 g/d of rice bran plus 10 g/d of black beans resulted in all achieving at least 50% of the magnesium, niacin, phosphorous, and thiamine DRIs. For 15/17 food categories, male children had a higher intake frequency, notably for animal-source foods and coffee. Dietary rice bran coupled with black beans could improve nutritional adequacy, especially for fiber and key micro-nutrients, with broader implications for addressing maternal and child malnutrition in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte A. Pfluger
- Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Alexis Giunta
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Diva M. Calvimontes
- Center for Human Development, Fundacion para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, FUNSALUD, Coatepeque 09020, Quetzaltenango, Guatemala;
- Departament of Pediatrics, Center for Global Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.M.L.); (R.D.-Z.)
| | - Molly M. Lamb
- Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.M.L.); (R.D.-Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Roberto Delgado-Zapata
- Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.M.L.); (R.D.-Z.)
- Department of Community & Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Usha Ramakrishnan
- Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Arango-Angarita A, González-Moreno A, Tercero-Gómez F, Mundo Rosas V, Deschak C, Shamah-Levy T. Food Insecurity is Associated with Low Dietary Diversity in Rural Women in Mexico: Results from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, ENSANUT 2018. Ecol Food Nutr 2023; 62:286-307. [PMID: 37743739 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2023.2259805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Rural women suffer greater vulnerability to food insecurity (FI) compared to their urban or male counterparts. We analyzed the association between food security (FS) status and dietary diversity (DD) in rural women through data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2018 from 2,099 rural women. DD was measured using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. FS was measured using the Latin America and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). The prevalence of any level of FI was 70.1%. Mean DD score was 3.8. Mild FI was associated with low DD (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.06, 2.10). Results highlight the need for government strategies targeted to this population sector to improve their diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Arango-Angarita
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandra González-Moreno
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Francia Tercero-Gómez
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Verónica Mundo Rosas
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Caroline Deschak
- International Health and Development, ICF International, Rockville, Maryland, US
| | - Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Caicedo-Rivas G, Salas-Moreno M, Marrugo-Negrete J. Health Risk Assessment for Human Exposure to Heavy Metals via Food Consumption in Inhabitants of Middle Basin of the Atrato River in the Colombian Pacific. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:435. [PMID: 36612759 PMCID: PMC9819723 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Atrato river basin is one of the world's most biodiverse areas; however, it is highly impacted by mercury gold mining, which generates air, water, and soil pollution. (1) Background: The concentrations of persistent heavy metal pollutants, mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in the fish, fruits, and vegetables most consumed by the riverside inhabitants of the middle basin of the Atrato river represent a danger to public health; (2) Methods: A total of 154 samples of different fruits and vegetables and 440 samples of fish were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. A sample of 446 people were surveyed to evaluate food consumption and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk; (4) Conclusions: High concentrations of As, Hg, Pb, and Cd were identified in fish, fruits-tubers, and vegetables-stems commonly consumed by inhabitants of the middle basin of the Atrato River, which exceeded the Codex limits and the limits established by the WHO/FAO, especially for carnivorous fish species. A high carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk was evidenced amongst inhabitants of the middle basin of the Atrato River due to the consumption of fish contaminated with high concentrations of As, MeHg, and THg. The risk due to the consumption of vegetables was very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Caicedo-Rivas
- Biosistematic Research Group, Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica Del Chocó, Quibdó 270002, Chocó, Colombia
| | - Manuel Salas-Moreno
- Biosistematic Research Group, Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica Del Chocó, Quibdó 270002, Chocó, Colombia
| | - José Marrugo-Negrete
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Carrera 6 No. 76-103, Montería 230002, Córdoba, Colombia
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Delclòs-Alió X, Rodríguez DA, Olmedo NL, Ferrer CP, Moore K, Stern D, de Menezes MC, de Oliveira Cardoso L, Wang X, Guimaraes JM, Miranda JJ, Sarmiento OL. Is city-level travel time by car associated with individual obesity or diabetes in Latin American cities? Evidence from 178 cities in the SALURBAL project. Cities 2022; 131:103899. [PMID: 36277810 PMCID: PMC7613723 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that longer travel time by private car poses physical and mental risks. Individual-level obesity and diabetes, two of the main public health challenges in low- and middle-income contexts, could be associated to city-level travel times by car. We used individual obesity and diabetes data from national health surveys from individuals in 178 Latin American cities, compiled and harmonized by the SALURBAL project. We calculated city-level travel times by car using the Google Maps Distance Matrix API. We estimated associations between peak hour city-level travel time by car and obesity and diabetes using multilevel logistic regression models, while adjusting for individual characteristics and other city-level covariates. In our study we did not observe a relationship between city-level peak-hour travel time by car and individual obesity and diabetes, as reported in previous research for individual time spent in vehicles in high-income settings. Our results suggest that this relationship may be more complex in Latin America compared to other settings, especially considering that cities in the region are characterized by high degrees of population density and compactness and by a higher prevalence of walking and public transportation use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Delclòs-Alió
- Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Research Group on Territorial Analysis and Tourism Studies (GRATET), Department of Geography, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain
| | - Daniel A. Rodríguez
- Department of City and Regional Planning & Institute for Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 228 Wurster Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nancy López Olmedo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico, Avenida Universidad 655, 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Carolina Pérez Ferrer
- CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cerrada de Fray Pedro de Gante 50, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Kari Moore
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3600 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dalia Stern
- CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cerrada de Fray Pedro de Gante 50, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Carvalho de Menezes
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Oliveira Cardoso
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National School of Public Health, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Xize Wang
- Department of Real Estate, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Dr, 117566, Singapore
| | - Joanna M.N. Guimaraes
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National School of Public Health, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J. Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendariz 445, 15074 Lima, Peru
| | - Olga L. Sarmiento
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia
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Monge-Rojas R, Vargas-Quesada R, Gómez G. Role of Residence Area on Diet Diversity and Micronutrient Intake Adequacy in Urban and Rural Costa Rican Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235093. [PMID: 36501123 PMCID: PMC9738538 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary diversity might be essential to meet nutritional demands during adolescence. Diet diversity among 818 urban and rural Costa Rican adolescents aged 13−18 years was studied using the Minimum Dietary Diversity Score for Women. The Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) was calculated for 11 nutrients to estimate the nutrient adequacy of the diet. A NAR < 0.7 was considered inadequate for micronutrient intake. The optimal Diet Diversity Score (DDS) cut-off point for this study was 4, established using receiver-operating characteristic curves. The mean DDS for the overall sample was 4.17 ± 1.43, although DDS was significantly higher in adolescents from rural vs. urban areas (4.33 ± 1.43 vs. 4.00 ± 1.42, p-value = 0.001). The odds of having a diverse diet were 62% higher in rural vs. urban adolescents. Overall, 80−95% of adolescents reached a NAR ≥ 0.70 for 8 nutrients except for calcium, zinc, and vitamin A. The residence area plays a key role in adolescent dietary diversity. Although overall DDS was low, foods that make up the rural adolescent diet were nutritionally dense enough to satisfy the EAR for most micronutrients. A high DDS is not necessarily required for the diet to meet most micronutrient demands in adolescence. Improved dietary adequacy of vitamin A, zinc, and calcium is required due to the importance of these micronutrients in maintaining optimal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Monge-Rojas
- Nutrition and Health Unit, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Ministry of Health, Tres Ríos 4-2250, Costa Rica
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +506-2279-9911
| | - Rulamán Vargas-Quesada
- Nutrition and Health Unit, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Ministry of Health, Tres Ríos 4-2250, Costa Rica
| | - Georgina Gómez
- Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
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Abou-Rizk J, Jeremias T, Cocuz G, Nasreddine L, Jomaa L, Hwalla N, Frank J, Scherbaum V. Food insecurity, low dietary diversity and poor mental health among Syrian refugee mothers living in vulnerable areas of Greater Beirut, Lebanon. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1832-47. [PMID: 34842129 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521004724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Syrian refugees in Lebanon are facing vulnerabilities that are affecting their food insecurity (FI) levels. The objectives of this study were to measure dietary diversity, FI and mental health status of Syrian refugee mothers in Lebanon and to explore its associations with their anaemia and nutritional status. A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers with children under 5 years (n 433) in Greater Beirut, Lebanon. Dietary diversity was measured using the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) of reproductive age and FI using the global Food Insecurity Experience Scale at the individual level. Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were measured to assess the maternal mental health status. Data on socio-economic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and Hb concentrations were collected. Overall, 63·3 % of the mothers had a low dietary diversity (LDD) and 34·4 % were moderately to severely food insecure, with 12·5 % being severely food insecure. The prevalence of PTSD, moderate depression and severe depression was 13·2, 11·1 and 9·9 %, respectively. A significant correlation was found between LDD and FI (P < 0·001). Low income was significantly associated with LDD and FI. Poor mental health was significantly associated with FI. LDD and FI were not associated with anaemia and nutritional status of mothers. Low-income households had significantly higher intakes of grains and refined starchy staples, whereas high-income households consumed more nutritious foods and sweets. Evidence of inadequate diet quality, FI and poor mental health among Syrian refugee mothers in Lebanon is presented. Multifaceted actions are needed to reduce FI and improve dietary diversity.
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Vetrani C, Piscitelli P, Muscogiuri G, Barrea L, Laudisio D, Graziadio C, Marino F, Colao A. "Planeterranea": An attempt to broaden the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet worldwide. Front Nutr 2022; 9:973757. [PMID: 36118764 PMCID: PMC9480100 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.973757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) lead to a dramatic burden on morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diet is a modifiable risk factor for NCDs, with Mediterranean Diet (MD) being one of the most effective dietary strategies to reduce diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Nevertheless, MD transferability to non-Mediterranean is challenging and requires a shared path between the scientific community and stakeholders. Therefore, the UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development is fostering a research project-"Planeterranea"-aiming to identify a healthy dietary pattern based on food products available in the different areas of the world with the nutritional properties of MD. This review aimed to collect information about eating habits and native crops in 5 macro-areas (North America, Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Australia). The information was used to develop specific "nutritional pyramids" based on the foods available in the macro-areas presenting the same nutritional properties and health benefits of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vetrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Prisco Piscitelli
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development, ” University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development, ” University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Laudisio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Graziadio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Marino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development, ” University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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Santos PC, da Silva WR, Marôco J, Campos JADB. Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric assessment of the Portuguese language version of the Eating and Appraisal due to Emotions and Stress (EADES) Questionnaire in Brazilian adults. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:1705-15. [PMID: 34606080 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSES To develop a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Eating and Appraisal due to Emotions and Stress (EADES) Questionnaire and estimate the psychometric properties of the EADES factorial model for young Brazilian adults and also to assess the association between EADES factors and age, body mass index (BMI), and economic level. METHODS The cross-cultural adaptation was performed using a standardized protocol. The psychometric properties were assessed separately for each sex. A structural model for each sex was developed to investigate the influence of age, economic level, and BMI on the EADES factors. RESULTS A total of 1240 participants completed the study [65.8% female, mean age 23.91 (SD = 5.03) years]. The EADES original factorial model did not present good psychometric properties. Then, a factorial model proposed for a Mexican sample was tested and a different model was fitted for each sex. The results showed that younger women have lower self-efficacy and self-confidence and poorer assessment of resources and coping skills. Women with a higher economic level have lower self-efficacy. Higher BMI was associated with lower self-efficacy and self-confidence in both sexes. Younger men have lower self-efficacy and poorer assessment of resources and coping skills. CONCLUSIONS The Brazilian Portuguese version of the EADES provided valid and reliable data after refinement, and a different model was fitted for each sex. Sex, age, BMI, and economic level were significantly associated with the EADES factors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.
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Mendez I, Fasano MV, Guajardo V, Zonis L, Kovalskys I. Dietary Patterns in the Argentinian Population and Their Association With Sociodemographic Characteristics: Results From the ELANS Study (2014–2015). Front Nutr 2022; 9:778390. [PMID: 35356727 PMCID: PMC8959937 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.778390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AimTo describe dietary patterns in the Argentinian population and their association with sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsCross-sectional analysis of Argentina's food consumption and sociodemographic data of 1,266 men and women between 15 and 65 years from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health carried out between March 2014 and December 2015. Dietary patterns were identified by using factor analysis and median factor scores were calculated for gender, age, region, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic, education, and physical activity categories.ResultsFive dietary patterns were identified. Western, Local Western, and Rural were generally characterized by high consumptions of animal fats, sugar-sweetened beverages, meats or processed meats, pizza and empanadas, sweets, pastries, and low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Traditional pattern was mainly characterized by consumption of oils, starchy vegetables, and red meat and Sweet Prudent by milk and yogurt, vegetables, fruit, artificially sweetened beverages, sweets, and cookies. Higher adherence to the Sweet Prudent pattern was observed in women, in people who meet physical activity guidelines and higher socioeconomic and educational levels. Higher adherence to traditional pattern was only observed for men. Higher adherence to the rest of the patterns was observed mostly by men, young, leaner, lower socioeconomic, and educational levels, not meeting physical activity guidelines, from the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires or northern regions.ConclusionFood consumption in Argentina is expressed in a diversity of dietary patterns. Men, younger, and sedentary individuals, with lower socioeconomic and educational level, from the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires and northern regions, seem to have higher adherence to least healthy dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Mendez
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Ignacio Mendez
| | - Maria Victoria Fasano
- Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas (IDIP), Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Matemática de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata/Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana Guajardo
- Instituto para la Cooperación Científica en Ambiente y Salud (ICCAS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Zonis
- Instituto para la Cooperación Científica en Ambiente y Salud (ICCAS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Instituto para la Cooperación Científica en Ambiente y Salud (ICCAS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Brenes JC, Gómez G, Quesada D, Kovalskys I, Rigotti A, Cortés LY, Yépez García MC, Liria-Domínguez R, Herrera-Cuenca M, Guajardo V, Fisberg RM, Leme ACB, Ferrari G, Fisberg M, On Behalf Of The Elans Study Group. Alcohol Contribution to Total Energy Intake and Its Association with Nutritional Status and Diet Quality in Eight Latina American Countries. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:13130. [PMID: 34948740 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is a modifiable risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to characterize alcohol consumers at the nutritional, anthropometric, and sociodemographic levels. Data from 9218 participants from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela participating in “Latin American Health and Nutrition Study (ELANS)”, a multi-country, population-based study, were used. Dietary intake was collected through two, 24 h recalls. Participants were classified into consumers (n = 1073) and non-alcohol consumers (n = 8145) using a cut-off criterium of ≥15 g/day of alcohol consumption calculated from the estimation of their usual daily intake. Among alcohol consumers, the mean alcohol consumption was 69.22 ± 2.18 grams (4.6. beverages/day), contributing to 484.62 kcal, which corresponded to 16.86% of the total energy intake. We found that the risk of alcohol consumption was higher in young and middle-aged men from low and middle socioeconomic status. Argentine, Brazil, and Chile had the highest percentage of consumers, while Ecuador showed the highest alcohol consumption. Alcohol drinkers were characterized by having higher body weight and wider neck, waist, hips circumferences. Alcohol drinkers had a higher energy intake, with macronutrients providing relatively less energy at the expense of the energy derived from alcohol. Alcohol drinkers showed lower and higher consumptions of healthy and unhealthy food groups, respectively. In addition, adequacy ratios for all micronutrients assessed were lower in alcohol consumers. All these deleterious effects of alcohol on nutritional and anthropometric parameters increased with the number of alcoholic beverages consumed daily. Altogether, these findings suggest that limiting alcohol consumption can contribute to reducing the risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diet-related diseases.
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Huancahuire-Vega S, Newball-Noriega EE, Rojas-Humpire R, Saintila J, Rodriguez-Vásquez M, Ruiz-Mamani PG, Morales-García WC, White M. Changes in Eating Habits and Lifestyles in a Peruvian Population during Social Isolation for the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:4119620. [PMID: 34868677 PMCID: PMC8633849 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4119620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peru has one of the highest infection and death rates in the world for the COVID-19 pandemic. The government implemented house confinement measures with probable consequences on lifestyle, particularly affecting eating habits, physical activity, sleep quality, and mental health. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the lifestyles, physical activity, and sleep characteristics, as well as changes in eating habits in a Peruvian population during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. We analyzed Peruvian adults based on an online self-administered questionnaire divided into sociodemographic, anthropometrics, COVID-19 diagnosis reported, lifestyle habits, and frequency of consumption of foods. RESULTS During confinement for COVID-19, 1176 participants were studied. Of these, most reported weight gain (1 to 3 kg) and 35.7% were overweight. The lifestyles habits showed that 54.8% reported doing physical activity and 37.2% sleep less. The Peruvian sample presented a main meal pattern of breakfast (95.7%), lunch (97.5%), and dinner (89.1%). Likewise, eating habits before and during COVID-19 pandemic showed that vegetables (OR:1.56, CI95% 1.21-200), fruit (OR: 1.42, CI95% 1.10-1.81), legumes (OR:1.67, CI95% 1.23-2.28), and eggs (OR: 2.00, CI95% 1.52-2.65) presented significant consumption increase during social isolation, while bakery products (OR: 0.74, CI95% 0.56-0.97), meat, snack, refreshment, and fast food decreased in consumption. Other foods showed no significant differences. CONCLUSION This study showed an important frequency of overweight and sleep changes. There was a slight increase in physical activity despite the social isolation measures and an increase in healthy eating habits; nevertheless, the majority reported gaining weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomón Huancahuire-Vega
- Grupo de Investigación P53, Escuela de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Edda E. Newball-Noriega
- Grupo de Investigación P53, Escuela de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Ricardo Rojas-Humpire
- Grupo de Investigación P53, Escuela de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Jacksaint Saintila
- Departamento de Nutrición, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Mery Rodriguez-Vásquez
- Departamento de Nutrición, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Percy. G. Ruiz-Mamani
- Escuela Profesional de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Michael White
- Dirección General de Investigación, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
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12
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Liu M, Liu C, Zhang Z, Zhou C, Li Q, He P, Zhang Y, Li H, Qin X. Quantity and variety of food groups consumption and the risk of diabetes in adults: A prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5710-5717. [PMID: 34743048 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence remains inconsistent regarding the association between quantity of food groups and diabetes, and remains scarce regarding the relation of dietary diversity with diabetes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the prospective relation of variety and quantity of 12 major food groups with new-onset diabetes. METHODS A total of 16,117 participants who were free of diabetes at baseline from China Health and Nutrition Survey were included. Dietary intake and variety score were measured by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory in each survey round. The study outcome was new-onset diabetes, defined as self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes during the follow-up period. Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and dose-response relation, respectively. RESULTS During a median follow-up duration of 9.0 years, a total of 1088 (6.7%) participants developed new-onset diabetes. Overall, there was a significant inverse association between dietary variety score and the risk of new-onset diabetes (per one point increment; HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80-0.90). In addition, there were U-shaped associations of refined grains, whole grains, nuts, red meat, poultry, processed meat, dairy products, and aquatic products intake with diabetes, and L-shaped associations of legumes, vegetables, fruits, and eggs intake with diabetes (all P values for nonlinearity <0.001). CONCLUSION Our results suggested that greater variety of food groups consumption was associated with significantly lower risk of new-onset diabetes. Furthermore, when the quantity of food groups intakes was relatively low, there was a negative correlation between the quantity of each different food group consumption and diabetes risk; however, when intake exceeded certain thresholds, the risks of new-onset diabetes increased or reached a plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zhuxian Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qinqin Li
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Panpan He
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Huan Li
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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13
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Mazurek-Kusiak AK, Kobyłka A, Korcz N, Sosnowska M. Analysis of Eating Habits and Body Composition of Young Adult Poles. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114083. [PMID: 34836335 PMCID: PMC8624486 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and overweight affect a large proportion of the world's population. Increasingly, this problem can be observed among young adults. The aim of the study was to identify the motivations and barriers to healthy eating habits among young Poles, the relationship between physical activity and healthy eating and the impact of healthy eating on the body composition of the young. METHODS The method used in the research was a diagnostic survey using direct personal interviews. The research was conducted in the years 2016-2019 on a group of 399 young Poles aged 18-26. Their body composition was analyzed by determining resistance and reactance using the biological impedance method, with a TANITA SC-330ST Body Composition Analyzer. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The main reasons for healthy eating among young Poles are the intent to follow a doctor's recommendations, to lose weight and to live a healthy lifestyle and to follow a trend. On the other hand, the largest barriers to proper nutrition are: lack of time to prepare healthy meals and of financial resources, inability to prepare meals and limited knowledge of the principles of healthy eating. The eating behavior varied significantly in relation to the physical activity of the respondents. Active people's eating habits were the best, and those of sedentary people the worst. Healthy eaters also had normal body composition indicators (adipose tissue level, BMI, body type). Young adults should be educated on the principles of healthy eating and have access to healthy food in canteens and vending machines, both at work and at university.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. Mazurek-Kusiak
- Department of Tourism and Recreation, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agata Kobyłka
- Department of Tourism and Recreation, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Natalia Korcz
- Department of Natural Foundations of Forestry, Institute of Soil Science and Environment Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Sosnowska
- Department of Grassland and Landscape Shaping, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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14
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Herrera-Cuenca M, Kovalskys I, Gerardi A, Hernandez P, Sifontes Y, Gómez G, Yépez García MC, Méndez-Pérez B, Landaeta-Jimenez M, Pareja R, Cortés LY, Rigotti A, Fisberg M, Zimberg IZ. Anthropometric Profile of Latin American Population: Results From the ELANS Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:740361. [PMID: 34820411 PMCID: PMC8606788 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.740361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Latin America has experienced changes in lifestyle since 1960. Aim: The aim was to determine the prevalence of obesity and stunting among eight countries of Latin American and to identify the determinant risk factors for obesity. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from 9,218 participants of the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS), a multicenter cross-sectional study of the representative samples in eight Latin American countries. All the participants completed a standard protocol to investigate the nutrient intake and anthropometric variables (weight, height, and circumferences) analyzed by country, gender, age, and socioeconomic status. Results: The prevalence of obesity was higher in Costa Rica and Venezuela (29%) and lower in Colombia (16%), stunting was reported higher in Peru (47%) and lower in Argentina (17%), and waist and neck circumferences showed the higher values in Costa Rica (43%) and Chile (52%) and lower values in Colombia (23 and 26%). Conclusion: This study indicates an increasing trend toward overweight and obesity that are associated with lower socioeconomic status, being a woman, and concurs with inadequate intakes of calcium, which may be related to poor quality diet and in the long term could constitute risk factors for the chronic diseases and a health burden to the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianella Herrera-Cuenca
- Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo, Universidad Central de Venezuela (CENDES-UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
- Fundación Bengoa para la Alimentación y Nutrición, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Gerardi
- Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Hernandez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Yaritza Sifontes
- Fundación Bengoa para la Alimentación y Nutrición, Caracas, Venezuela
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Georgina Gómez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Betty Méndez-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación en Bioantropología, Actividad Física y Salud, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales Rodolfo Quintero, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | | | - Lilia Yadira Cortés
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Instituto Pensi, Fundação José Egydio Setubal, Sabará Hospital Infantil, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iona Zalcman Zimberg
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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15
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Gómez G, Kovalskys I, Leme ACB, Quesada D, Rigotti A, Cortés Sanabria LY, Yépez García MC, Liria-Domínguez MR, Herrera-Cuenca M, Fisberg RM, Nogueira Previdelli A, Guajardo V, Ferrari G, Fisberg M, Brenes JC, On Behalf Of The Elans Study Group. Socioeconomic Status Impact on Diet Quality and Body Mass Index in Eight Latin American Countries: ELANS Study Results. Nutrients 2021; 13:2404. [PMID: 34371915 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor health and diet quality are associated with living within a low socioeconomic status (SES). This study aimed to investigate the impact of SES on diet quality and body mass index in Latin America. Data from the "Latin American Health and Nutrition Study (ELANS)", a multi-country, population-based study of 9218 participants, were used. Dietary intake was collected through two 24 h recalls from participants of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Diet quality was assessed using the dietary quality score (DQS), the dietary diversity score (DDS) and the nutrients adequacy ratio (NAR). Chi-squared and multivariate-variance analyses were used to estimate possible associations. We found that participants from the low SES consumed less fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fiber and fish and seafood and more legumes than those in the high SES. Also, the diet quality level, assessed by DQS, DDS and NAR mean, increased with SES. Women in the low SES also showed a larger prevalence of abdominal obesity and excess weight than those in the middle and high SES. Health policies and behavioral-change strategies should be addressed to reduce the impact of socioeconomic factors on diet quality and body weight, with gender as an additional level of vulnerability.
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16
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Vega-Salas MJ, Caro P, Johnson L, Papadaki A. Socio-economic inequalities in dietary intake in Chile: a systematic review. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-16. [PMID: 34247696 PMCID: PMC9991770 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding the socio-economic inequalities in dietary intake is crucial when addressing the socio-economic gradient in obesity rates and non-communicable diseases. We aimed to systematically assess the association between socio-economic position (SEP) and dietary intake in Chile. DESIGN We searched for peer-reviewed and grey literature from inception until 31 December 2019 in PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Sciences and LILACS databases. Observational studies published in English and Spanish, reporting the comparison of at least one dietary factor between at least two groups of different SEP in the general Chilean population, were selected. Two researchers independently conducted data searches, screening and extraction and assessed study quality using an adaptation of the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. RESULTS Twenty-one articles (from eighteen studies) were included. Study quality was considered low, medium and high for 24, 52 and 24 % of articles, respectively. Moderate-to-large associations indicated lower intake of fruit and vegetables, dairy products and fish/seafood and higher pulses consumption among adults of lower SEP. Variable evidence of association was found for energy intake and macronutrients, in both children and adults. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight some socio-economic inequalities in diets in Chile, evidencing an overall less healthy food consumption among the lower SEP groups. New policies to reduce these inequalities should tackle the unequal distribution of factors affecting healthy eating among the lower SEP groups. These findings also provide important insights for developing strategies to reduce dietary inequalities in Chile and other countries that have undergone similar nutritional transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Vega-Salas
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, BristolBS8 1TZ, UK
| | - Paola Caro
- School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, BristolBS8 1TZ, UK
| | - Angeliki Papadaki
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, BristolBS8 1TZ, UK
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17
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Figueroa C, Echeverría G, Villarreal G, Martínez X, Ferreccio C, Rigotti A. Introducing Plant-Based Mediterranean Diet as a Lifestyle Medicine Approach in Latin America: Opportunities Within the Chilean Context. Front Nutr 2021; 8:680452. [PMID: 34249989 PMCID: PMC8266999 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.680452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Latin America is experiencing a significant epidemiological and nutritional transition, with a trend toward higher incidence of food-related chronic diseases. In this context, Lifestyle Medicine (LM) is a growing field focused on assisting individuals in adopting healthy behaviors for the prevention and treatment of these chronic diseases, including, among other pillars, a great emphasis on healthy eating. There is also a growing interest worldwide in environmental sustainability of dietary patterns, with increasing concern about their effects on planetary health. In this context, whole-food, plant-based diets -such as the Mediterranean diet (MD)- have emerged as a solution for both healthier eating and lowering environmental impact. Yet in order to be effective at these goals and achieve a high adherence to any nutritional prescription, the sociocultural reality of the community or population where we aim to practice must also be taken into account. In this review, we specifically highlight the plant-based MD as a LM-contextualized dietary pattern that is adaptable, applicable, and sustainable within the Chilean context and has the potential to address the current trend of chronic diseases in our country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Figueroa
- Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guadalupe Echeverría
- Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Grisell Villarreal
- Magíster en Nutrición, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Martínez
- Magíster en Nutrición, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catterina Ferreccio
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Enriquez-Martinez OG, Martins MCT, Pereira TSS, Pacheco SOS, Pacheco FJ, Lopez KV, Huancahuire-Vega S, Silva DA, Mora-Urda AI, Rodriguez-Vásquez M, Montero López MP, Molina MCB. Diet and Lifestyle Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ibero-American Countries: Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Peru, and Spain. Front Nutr 2021; 8:671004. [PMID: 34150828 PMCID: PMC8206276 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.671004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate changes in dietary and lifestyle habits during the period of confinement due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ibero-American countries. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted with 6,325 participants of both genders (68% women), over 18 years of age and from five countries: Brazil (N = 2,171), Argentina (N = 1,111), Peru (N = 1,174), Mexico (N = 686), and Spain (N = 1,183). Data were collected during the year 2020, between April 01 and June 30 in Spain and between July 13 and September 26, in the other countries studied using a self-administered online survey designed for the assessment of sociodemographic, employment, physical activity, health status, and dietary habits changes. Most participants (61.6%), mainly those from Spain, remained constant, without improving or worsening their pattern of food consumption. Among those who changed, a pattern of better eating choices prevailed (22.7%) in comparison with those who changed toward less healthy choices (15.7%). Argentina and Brazil showed the highest proportion of changes toward a healthier pattern of food consumption. Peruvians and Mexicans were less likely to make healthy changes in food consumption (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.4-0.6 and OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.4-0.8, respectively), when compared to Argentinians. Most respondents did not change their pattern of meal consumption, but those who did reduced their consumption of main meals and increased intake of small meals and snacks. Although most participants affirmed to be doing physical activity at home, about one-half reported perception of weight gain. Individuals with alterations in sleep pattern (either by increasing or decreasing sleep time) were more likely to change their diets to a healthier pattern. In contrast, individuals with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and those who reported feeling anxious were more likely to perform changes to a less healthy eating pattern (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.2-2.3 and OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.1-1.4, respectively). In conclusion, although most participants remained constant in their eating habits, lifestyle changes and anxiety feelings were reported. Among those who changed patterns of food consumption, healthier choices prevailed, with differences between countries. However, there were alterations in the distribution of meals, with higher consumption of snacks and small meals. These results can be used to guide policies to prevent deleterious consequences that may affect the incidence of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar G Enriquez-Martinez
- Public Health Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Marcia C T Martins
- Center for Health Sciences Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Adventista del Plata, Entre Ríos, Argentina.,Institute for Food Science and Nutrition, Universidad Adventista del Plata, Entre Ríos, Argentina.,Master in Science of Human Motricity, Adventist University of Chile, Chillán, Chile
| | - Taisa S S Pereira
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Sandaly O S Pacheco
- Center for Health Sciences Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Adventista del Plata, Entre Ríos, Argentina.,Institute for Food Science and Nutrition, Universidad Adventista del Plata, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Fabio J Pacheco
- Center for Health Sciences Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Adventista del Plata, Entre Ríos, Argentina.,Institute for Food Science and Nutrition, Universidad Adventista del Plata, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Karen V Lopez
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Salomon Huancahuire-Vega
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Daniela A Silva
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Ana I Mora-Urda
- Biology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mery Rodriguez-Vásquez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Maria C B Molina
- Public Health Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,Health and Nutrition Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
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B. Leme AC, Ferrari G, Fisberg RM, Kovalskys I, Gómez G, Cortes LY, Yépez Gárcia MC, Herrera-Cuenca M, Rigotti A, Liria-Domínguez MR, Fisberg M. Co-Occurrence and Clustering of Sedentary Behaviors, Diet, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, and Alcohol Intake among Adolescents and Adults: The Latin American Nutrition and Health Study (ELANS). Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061809. [PMID: 34073533 PMCID: PMC8228398 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor diet, sedentary behaviors, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and alcohol intake seem to co-exist in complex ways that are not well understood. The aim of this study was to provide an understanding of the extent to which unhealthy behaviors cluster in eight Latin America countries. A secondary aim was to identify socio-demographic characteristics associated with these behaviors by country. Data from adolescents and adults from the “Latin American Health and Nutrition Study” was used and the prevalence of screen-time, occupational and transportation–sedentary time, socializing with friends, poor diet, SSB and alcohol intake, alone and in combination, were identified. The eight Latin America (LA) countries added to analyses were: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between ≥2 behaviors clustering, socio-demographics and weight status. Among 9218 individuals, the most prevalent behaviors were transportation and occupation–sedentary time, SSB and alcohol intake. Younger, female, married/living with a partner, low and middle-income and obese individuals had higher chances for these clustering behaviors. These results provide a multi-country level of understanding of the extent to which behaviors co-occur in the LA population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina B. Leme
- Center for Excellence in Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties, PENSI Institute, Sabará Children’s Hospital, São Paulo 05076-040, Brazil;
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciências de la Actividad Fisica, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 7500618, Chile;
| | - Regina M. Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-060, Brazil;
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University from Argentina, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina;
| | - Georgina Gómez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica;
| | - Lilia Yadira Cortes
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Pontifical University Catholic from Javeriana, Bogota 111321, Colombia;
| | | | - Marianella Herrera-Cuenca
- Center of Developmental Studies, Central University of Venezuela (CENDES-UCV)/Bengoa Foundation, Caracas 47604, Venezuela;
| | - Attilo Rigotti
- Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University from Chile, Santiago 833115, Chile;
| | - María Reyna Liria-Domínguez
- Investigacíon Nutricional, La Molina, Lima 15024, Peru;
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciências Aplicadas, Lima 15023, Peru
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Center for Excellence in Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties, PENSI Institute, Sabará Children’s Hospital, São Paulo 05076-040, Brazil;
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Leme ACB, Hou S, Fisberg RM, Fisberg M, Haines J. Adherence to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines: A Systemic Review of High-Income and Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031038. [PMID: 33807053 PMCID: PMC8004702 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Research comparing the adherence to food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) across countries with different socio-economic status is lacking, which may be a concern for developing nutrition policies. The aim was to report on the adherence to FBDGs in high-income (HIC) and low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC). A systematic review with searches in six databases was performed up to June 2020. English language articles were included if they investigated a population of healthy children and adults (7–65 years), using an observational or experimental design evaluating adherence to national FBDGs. Findings indicate that almost 40% of populations in both HIC and LMIC do not adhere to their national FBDGs. Fruit and vegetables (FV) were most adhered to and the prevalence of adhering FV guidelines was between 7% to 67.3%. HIC have higher consumption of discretionary foods, while results were mixed for LMIC. Grains and dairy were consumed below recommendations in both HIC and LMIC. Consumption of animal proteins (>30%), particularly red meat, exceeded the recommendations. Individuals from HIC and LMIC may be falling short of at least one dietary recommendation from their country’s guidelines. Future health policies, behavioral-change strategies, and dietary guidelines may consider these results in their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina B. Leme
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.H.); (J.H.)
- Center of Excellence in Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties, PENSI Institute, Sabará Children’s Hospital, José Luis Egydio Setúbal Foundation, São Paulo 01228-200, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sophia Hou
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Regina Mara Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil;
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Center of Excellence in Nutrition and Feeding Difficulties, PENSI Institute, Sabará Children’s Hospital, José Luis Egydio Setúbal Foundation, São Paulo 01228-200, Brazil;
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.H.); (J.H.)
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Bedoya-perales NS, Dal’ Magro GP. Quantification of Food Losses and Waste in Peru: A Mass Flow Analysis along the Food Supply Chain. Sustainability 2021; 13:2807. [DOI: 10.3390/su13052807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of food losses and waste (FLW) has become a research hotspot in the last decade, but little work has been done to have food waste data in Latin American countries. This paper contributes to addressing this knowledge gap by examining the magnitude of FLW along the whole food supply chain (FSC) in Peru. The methodological approach was based on the top-down mass flow analysis at all steps of the FSC for the 2007–2017 period (most recently available data), including different food commodity groups (CGs), such as cereals, roots and tubers, oil seeds and pulses, fruits, vegetables, meat, fish and seafood, and milk. Results show an annual average of FLW of 12.8 million tonnes, which represents 47.76% of the national food supply. Regarding per capita quantities, the average amount of FLW was 426.56 kg per year when considering the entire FSC, and 67.34 kg per year when considering only the consumption step. This study suggests which steps of the FSC and CGs are the most promising targets for FLW reduction strategies in Peru.
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Kovalskys I, Cavagnari BM, Zonis LN, Favieri AL, Guajardo V, Gerardi A, Fisberg M. [Poverty as a determinant of food quality in Argentina. Results of the Argentine Study of Nutrition and Health (EANS)]. NUTR HOSP 2020; 37:114-22. [PMID: 31960690 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: socio-economic differences lead to food and nutritional inequalities. Diet is a modifiable risk factor by public health activities, on the way to the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases. Objective: to estimate food inequalities in Argentina based on the socioeconomic level of the population, analyzing the consumption of different food groups. Methods: Argentine data from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health. Sample: 1,266 individuals stratified by gender, socioeconomic level and geographic region. Intake: 2 24-hour reminders with the multi-step technique. Analysis: with the NDS Software average consumption values of 11 food groups were analyzed by socioeconomic level and country region. Results: the population with lower socioeconomic status consumes significantly less fruits, vegetables and dairy products than the population with medium to high socioeconomic level. Fruits: 59 vs. 79.1 and 106.3 g/d, respectively; p = 0.000. Vegetables: 82.3 g/d vs. 112 and 118 g/d; p = 0.000. Dairy products: 114 g/d vs. 165 and 137 g/d; p = 0.000). On the contrary, it consumes a greater volume of soft drinks and industrial juices (680 mL/d vs. 527 and 590 mL/d, respectively; p = 0.000), infusions with added sugar (568 mL/d vs. 385 and 309 mL/d; p = 0.000), bread (85 g/d vs. 75.5 and 66.7 g/d; p = 0.012) and pastries (159 g/d vs. 147 and 122 g/d; p = 0.008). Conclusions: Social vulnerability is an important determinant for diet quality. Interventions designed to reduce social inequalities as linked to nutrition and health are essential.
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Achalu P, Bhatia A, Turton B, Luna L, Sokal-Gutierrez K. Sugary Liquids in the Baby Bottle: Risk for Child Undernutrition and Severe Tooth Decay in Rural El Salvador. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 18:ijerph18010260. [PMID: 33396399 PMCID: PMC7795345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As communities worldwide shift from consuming traditional diets to more processed snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), increases in child obesity and tooth decay and persistence of undernutrition are particularly apparent in Latin American countries. Further evidence of shared risk factors between child undernutrition and poor oral health outcomes is needed to structure more effective health interventions for children’s nutrition. This study aims to identify dietary, oral health, and sociodemographic risk factors for child undernutrition and severe early childhood caries (sECC) among a convenience sample of 797 caregiver–child pairs from rural Salvadoran communities. Caregiver interviews on child dietary and oral health practices were conducted, and their children’s height, weight, and dental exam data were collected. Multivariable regression analyses were performed using RStudio (version 1.0.143). Caregiver use of SSBs in the baby bottle was identified as a common significant risk factor for child undernutrition (p = 0.011) and sECC (p = 0.047). Early childhood caries (p = 0.023) was also a risk factor for developing undernutrition. Future maternal–child health and nutrition programs should coordinate with oral health interventions to discourage feeding children SSBs in the baby bottle and to advocate for policies limiting SSB marketing to young children and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Achalu
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-408-839-2691
| | - Abhishek Bhatia
- FXB Center for Health and Human Rights, The Lakshmi Mittal and Family South Asia Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Bathsheba Turton
- Department of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh 12211, Cambodia;
| | - Lucy Luna
- Asociación Salvadoreña Pro Salud Rural (ASAPROSAR), Santa Ana 02201, El Salvador;
| | - Karen Sokal-Gutierrez
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
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Ruiz Rodríguez LG, Zamora Gasga VM, Pescuma M, Van Nieuwenhove C, Mozzi F, Sánchez Burgos JA. Fruits and fruit by-products as sources of bioactive compounds. Benefits and trends of lactic acid fermentation in the development of novel fruit-based functional beverages. Food Res Int 2021; 140:109854. [PMID: 33648172 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Current awareness about the benefits of a balanced diet supports ongoing trends in humans towards a healthier diet. This review provides an overview of fruits and fruit-by products as sources of bioactive compounds and their extraction techniques, and the use of lactic acid fermentation of fruit juices to increase their functionality. Fruit matrices emerge as a technological alternative to be fermented by autochthonous or allochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and other Lactobacillus species), and also as probiotic vehicles. During fermentation, microbial enzymes act on several fruit phytochemicals producing new derived compounds with impact on the aroma and the functionality of the fermented drinks. Moreover, fermentation significantly reduces the sugar content improving their nutritional value and extending the shelf-life of fruit-based beverages. The generation of new probiotic beverages as alternatives to consumers with intolerance to lactose or with vegan or vegetarian diets is promising for the worldwide functional food market. An updated overview on the current knowledge of the use of fruit matrices to be fermented by LAB and the interaction between strains and the fruit phytochemical compounds to generate new functional foods as well as their future perspectives in association with the application of nanotechnology techniques are presented in this review.
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Goodman D, González-Rivas JP, Jaacks LM, Duran M, Marulanda MI, Ugel E, Mattei J, Chavarro JE, Nieto-Martinez R. Dietary intake and cardiometabolic risk factors among Venezuelan adults: a nationally representative analysis. BMC Nutr 2020; 6:61. [PMID: 33088579 PMCID: PMC7566137 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-020-00362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing trends in global obesity have been attributed to a nutrition transition where healthy foods are replaced by ultra-processed foods. It remains unknown if this nutrition transition has occurred in Venezuela, a country undergoing a socio-political crisis with widespread food shortages. METHODS We described dietary intake of Venezuelans from a nationally representative study conducted between 2014 and 2017. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of dietary, sociodemographic, and clinical data from Venezuelans ≥20 years of age (n = 3420). Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Standardized clinical and anthropometric measurements estimated obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. A Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated using an amended Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women score where the range was 0 to 8 food groups, with 8 being the most diverse. Analyses accounted for complex survey design by estimating weighted frequencies of dietary intake and DDS across sociodemographic and cardiometabolic risk-based subgroups. RESULTS The prevalence of obesity was 24.6% (95% CI: 21.6-27.7), type 2 diabetes was 13.3% (11.2-15.7), and hypertension was 30.8% (27.7-34.0). Western foods were consumed infrequently. Most frequently consumed foods included coffee, arepas (a salted corn flour cake), and cheese. Mean DDS was 2.3 food groups (Range: 0-8, Standard Error: 0.07) and this score did not vary among subgroups. Men, younger individuals, and those with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to consume red meat and soft drinks once or more weekly. Women and those with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to consume vegetables and cheese once or more daily. Participants with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension had lower daily intake of red meat and arepas compared to participants without these risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Despite high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, adults in Venezuela have not gone through a nutrition transition similar to that observed elsewhere in Latin America. Dietary diversity is low and widely consumed food groups that are considered unhealthy are part of the traditional diet. Future studies are needed in Venezuela using more comprehensive measurements of dietary intake to understand the effect of the socio-political crisis on dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Goodman
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Juan P. González-Rivas
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Ann’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Lindsay M. Jaacks
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Maritza Duran
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - María Inés Marulanda
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
- Endocrine Associates of Florida, Research Department, Orlando, Florida USA
| | - Eunice Ugel
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
- Public Health Research Unit, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Centro-Occidental “Lisandro Alvarado”, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Jorge E. Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Ramfis Nieto-Martinez
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
- LifeDoc Health, Memphis, TN USA
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Vieira LM, Gottschall CB, Vinholes DB, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Marcadenti A. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of 14-item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener and low-fat diet adherence questionnaire. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 39:180-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Monge-Rojas R, Vargas-Quesada R, Chinnock A, Colón-Ramos U. Changes in Dietary Intake of Major Nutrients and Food Sources among Costa Rican Adolescents in the Last 20 Years. J Nutr 2020; 150:2405-2411. [PMID: 32617574 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence offers a window of opportunity to prevent adult obesity and noncommunicable disease risk factors. With the rising prevalence of adolescent obesity over the last 20 y, identifying any changes in dietary risk factors is crucial. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the dietary intake of major nutrients and their food sources in Costa Rican adolescents from 1996 to 2017. METHODS Means from 3-d food records from adolescents (ages 13-18 y) living in San José (the province with the highest concentration of adolescents in Costa Rica) were obtained in 1996 (n = 276), 2006 (n = 133), and 2017 (n = 818). Differences in consumption of major nutrients and selected food groups by sex and survey period were tested using age- and area-adjusted ANOVAs. RESULTS In 2017, adolescents consumed significantly (P < 0.05) less saturated and trans fats [saturated: -3.2% of total energy (TE); trans: -1.4% TE], vegetables (-24 g/d), beans (-42 g/d), and white rice (22 g/d) than in 1996. The 2017 adolescents also reported significantly higher consumption of unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs: up from 8.2% to 15.3% TE; PUFAs: up from 5.5% to 9.5% TE; P < 0.05), sugary drinks (+134 g/d), pastries/desserts (+55 g/d), other refined starchy foods (+36 g/d), and snacks/fast foods (+26 g/d) than their 1996 counterparts. In 1996 and 2006, the main source of calories was white rice, whereas in 2017, it was sugary drinks (12% TE and 15% TE, respectively; P < 0.05). The intake ratio of beans to white rice was significantly higher in 1996 (1:1.6) than in 2017 (1:3.5). CONCLUSIONS The changes in the intake of major nutrients and food sources of Costa Rican adolescents present new public health challenges for cardiometabolic risk prevention. Costa Rica should prioritize the design of comprehensive strategies that target added sugar intake while simultaneously increasing access to and promotion of healthful items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Monge-Rojas
- Nutrition and Health Unit, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Ministry of Health, Tres Ríos, Costa Rica
| | | | - Anne Chinnock
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Uriyoán Colón-Ramos
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Mora-García G, Ruiz-Díaz MS, Villegas R, García-Larsen V. Changes in diet quality over 10 years of nutrition transition in Colombia: analysis of the 2005 and 2015 nationally representative cross-sectional surveys. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:547-58. [PMID: 32632458 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01396-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the changes in diet quality in Colombians using nationally representative samples from the 2005 and 2015 nutrition surveys. METHODS Repeated cross-sectional analyses of the National Nutrition Surveys from 2005 and 2015. Children (4-17 y.o.) and adults (≥ 18 y.o.) were included. The Alternative Healthy-Eating Index (AHEI) was derived from 24-h recall questionnaires and used to examine diet quality. RESULTS A total of 33,971 participants (20,122 children, 13,849 adults) were included in 2005, and 26,445 participants (15,304 children, 11,141 adults) in 2015. Over the ten-year period, the AHEI decreased from 46.3 to 44.3 in children (Cohen's d = 0.19) and from 49.0 to 46.2 in adults. (Cohen's d = 0.25). On average, those in the highest socioeconomic level had the worst diet quality; however, the difference between the less and most affluent groups shrank by 4.0% over the observation period. CONCLUSIONS Between 2005 and 2015, there was a worsening in the diet quality of Colombian children and adults. Less affluent individuals had a greater worsening of diet quality compared to groups from higher socioeconomic levels.
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Lizarazo MF, Herrera CD, Celis CA, Pombo LM, Teherán AA, Piñeros LG, Forero SP, Velandia JR, Díaz FE, Andrade WA, Rodríguez OE. Contamination of staple crops by heavy metals in Sibaté, Colombia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04212. [PMID: 32642577 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in water resources, soil, and food sources is an issue that compromises food safety in Sibaté, Colombia. In the present study concentration of heavy metals [HMs], such as Cu, As, Pb, Cr, Zn, Co, Cd and Ni, present in vegetables included in the typical Colombian diet were measured. The study was conducted as follows: samples of parsley, artichoke and carrots produced in a location near the Muña dam were collected, where the Bogotá River water is treated for use as a water resource. To determine food safety, national and international [HMs] established limits were compared with quantified [HMs] in samples of different vegetable parts and of the surrounding soil. Fresh samples were separated in their respective parts for cold acid digestion with HCl and HNO3 (1:1) for 15 days. Heavy metal mean ± standard error (SE) were as follows (mg/kg) As 2.36 ± 0.185, Cd 0.16 ± 0.009, Co 0.43 ± 0.019, Cr 12.1 ± 0.453, Cu 13.1 ± 1.68, Ni 0.00, Pb 7.07 ± 0.482 and Zn 3.976 ± 0.332. Cd, Cr, As, Co and Ni showed high transfer factor in Cynara scolymus. Moreover, high Pb, Cu and Zn transfer factor were present in Petroselinum crispum. Except for Daucus carota roots, there was a high metal transfer specifically in Petroselinum crispum leaves and other different plant parts, with high transfer factor for Cr, As, Co, Pb, Cu and Zn.
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Carrillo-Larco RM, Pearson-Stuttard J, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Gregg EW. The Andean Latin-American burden of diabetes attributable to high body mass index: A comparative risk assessment. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 160:107978. [PMID: 31838121 PMCID: PMC7042885 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) has increased in Latin-America, but the implications for the diabetes burden have not been quantified. We estimated the proportion and absolute number of diabetes cases attributable to high BMI in Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru (Andean Latin-America), with estimation of region-level indicators in Peru. METHODS We estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of BMI on diabetes (regardless of type 1 or 2) from 1980 to 2014, including the number of cases attributable to overweight (BMI 25-<30), class I (30-<35), class II (BMI 35-<40) and class III (BMI ≥ 40) obesity. We used age- and sex-specific prevalence estimates of diabetes and BMI categories (NCD-RisC and Peru's DHS survey) combined with relative risks from population-based cohorts in Peru. FINDINGS Across Andean Latin-America in 2014, there were 1,258,313 diabetes cases attributable to high BMI: 209,855 in Bolivia, 367,440 in Ecuador and 681,018 in Peru. Between 1980 and 2010, the absolute proportion of diabetes cases attributable to class I obesity increased the most (from 12.9% to 27.2%) across the region. The second greatest increase was for class II obesity (from 3.6% to 16.5%). There was heterogeneity in the fraction of diabetes cases attributable to high BMI by region in Peru, as coastal regions had the largest fractions, and so did high-income regions. INTERPRETATION Over one million diabetes cases are attributable to high BMI in Andean Latin-America. Public health efforts should focus on implementing population-based interventions to reduce high BMI and to develop focused interventions targeted at those at highest risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
| | - Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Edward W Gregg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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