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Sánchez-Cepeda A, Cedeño E, Marín E, Pazos MC, Ingrid SC, Muñoz EDJ, Vera-Graziano R. Evaluation of the dispersion properties of graphene oxide/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide for application in nanocomposite materials. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3267-3279. [PMID: 38249673 PMCID: PMC10798003 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04689c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The properties of thermal diffusivity and Z potential of the GONPs/CTAB nanofluid were studied as a function of GO concentration (in the range between 4 and 12% w/v), temperature (35 and 50 °C) and time (30 and 60 min) under ultrasound. In turn, the structural properties of GONPs/CTAB were measured by XRD, Raman, SEM and TEM. The GO previously modified with CTAB was used to obtain a PLA/GO nanocomposite. It was found that the behavior of thermal diffusivity provides information in situ on the dispersion properties of the nanofluid, finding values from 0.0013 to 0.0024 cm2 s-1. The hydrodynamic diameter of the GONP dispersions was also determined to range from 75.83 to 360.3 nm with an increase in Z potential from 17 to 30 mV. The most stable GONPs/CTAB dispersion conditions were 6% w/v GO, 50 °C and 30 min. Under these conditions, the GONPs/CTAB materials present an increase in the spacing between GO layers, associated with a greater multilayer stacking of the GO and CTAB layers. The Raman spectrum allowed us to demonstrate that the modification with CTAB did not affect the crystallinity of GO, which was verified by the intensity ratio of the D band and the G band (ID/IG) for the GO/CTAB samples, with the exception of the GO 6% sample, where an increase in the ID/IG ratio (0.9) was observed compared to GO (0.82), associated with greater intercalation of CTAB between the GO sheets. Finally, an SEM analysis of the PLA/GO nanocomposite was carried out and the homogeneous distribution of GO in PLA was demonstrated when it is used as a filler in proportions of 0.1%. This treatment, in turn, contributed to improving the mechanical flexural properties of the nanocomposite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sánchez-Cepeda
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Escuela de Posgrados, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC Avda. Central del Norte, Vía Paipa 150001 Tunja Boyacá Colombia
| | - E Cedeño
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Av. Legaria # 694, Col. Irrigación, Del. Miguel Hidalgo 11500 Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - E Marín
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Av. Legaria # 694, Col. Irrigación, Del. Miguel Hidalgo 11500 Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - M Carolina Pazos
- Escuela de Ciencias Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC Avda. Central del Norte, Vía Paipa Tunja Boyacá Colombia
| | - Silva-Cote Ingrid
- Unidad de Terapia Celular, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en salud. IDCBIS Cra 32 #12-81 0571 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Efrén de Jesús Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Escuela de Posgrados, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC Avda. Central del Norte, Vía Paipa 150001 Tunja Boyacá Colombia
| | - Ricardo Vera-Graziano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM Avda Universidad, C.U., Coyoacán 04510 Ciudad de México Mexico
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Soler E, Marín E, Guerrero I, Martínez S, Fernández MA, Valero C. Elizabethkingia miricola: an opportunistic pathogen in ICU. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Elizabethkingia genus is formed by a group of bacteria which are widely distributed in nature. Elizabethkingia is not part of human microbiota, therefore is considered to be an opportunistic pathogen. In the last years, it has become a cause of potentially fatal disease, becoming an emerging bacteria of increasing relevance. The objective of this study is to describe the impact of Elizabethkingia bacteria in infected patients in the ICU of a hospital in Granada.
Methods
Descriptive study. Patients who have been isolated in a biological sample of Elizabethkingia miricola throughout the year 2.021 in the ICU of San Cecilio University Hospital in Granada. Date and place of isolation were registered. Other variables registered were sex, age, length of ICU stay, days between ICU admission and bacterium isolation, days between bacterium isolation and death, infection, cause of admission or cause of death.
Results
Bacterium was isolated in 15 patients. Cause of admission was COVID-19 in 73.3% of patients. 73.3% were men and 26.6% women.The average age was 56.9 years. The average length of ICU stay was 43.8 days. 4 patients were diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia and 5 patients were diagnosed with tracheobronchitis.The average days between ICU admission and bacterium isolation was 26,4 days. The average days between mechanical ventilation and bacterium isolation was 25.9 days. 53.3% of patients died. The average days between bacteria isolation and death was 18.2 days.
Conclusions
Elizabethkingia miricola is an emerging bacterium under special vigilance due to its capacity to cause major morbidity and mortality in admitted patients in ICU. The rapid identification and the study of the antibiotic susceptibility is considered of special relevance so they can be correctly managed to avoid infections and complications resulting from this microorganism.
Key messages
• Elizabethkingia is a special surveillance bacterie due to its morbidity and mortality effects.
• Elizabethkingia could be a severity indicator in admitted patients to the ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Soler
- Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio , Granada, Spain
| | - E Marín
- Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio , Granada, Spain
| | - I Guerrero
- Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio , Granada, Spain
| | - S Martínez
- Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio , Granada, Spain
| | - MA Fernández
- Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio , Granada, Spain
| | - C Valero
- Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio , Granada, Spain
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Marín E, Calderón A. Conversion of Wavelength and Energy Scales and the Analysis of Optical Emission Spectra. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8376-8379. [PMID: 36073085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Marín
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CICATA), Unidad Legaria, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México 11500, México
| | - A Calderón
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CICATA), Unidad Legaria, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México 11500, México
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Cantero-Cid R, Montalbán-Hernández KM, Guevara J, Pascual-Iglesias A, Pulido E, Casalvilla JC, Marcano C, Serrano CB, Valentín J, Bonel-Pérez GC, Avendaño-Ortiz J, Terrón V, Lozano-Rodríguez R, Martín-Quirós A, Marín E, Pena E, Guerra-Pastrián L, López-Collazo E, Aguirre LA. Intertwined leukocyte balances in tumours and peripheral blood as robust predictors of right and left colorectal cancer survival. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:295-318. [PMID: 35116118 PMCID: PMC8790415 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i1.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for 9.4% of overall cancer deaths, ranking second after lung cancer. Despite the large number of factors tested to predict their outcome, most patients with similar variables show big differences in survival. Moreover, right-sided CRC (RCRC) and left-sided CRC (LCRC) patients exhibit large differences in outcome after surgical intervention as assessed by preoperative blood leukocyte status. We hypothesised that stronger indexes than circulating (blood) leukocyte ratios to predict RCRC and LCRC patient outcomes will result from combining both circulating and infiltrated (tumour/peritumour fixed tissues) concentrations of leukocytes.
AIM To seek variables involving leukocyte balances in peripheral blood and tumour tissues and to predict the outcome of CRC patients.
METHODS Sixty-five patients diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma by the Digestive Surgery Service of the La Paz University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) were enrolled in this study: 43 with RCRC and 22 with LCRC. Patients were followed-up from January 2017 to March 2021 to record overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) after surgical interventions. Leukocyte concentrations in peripheral blood were determined by routine laboratory protocols. Paraffin-fixed samples of tumour and peritumoural tissues were assessed for leukocyte concentrations by immunohistochemical detection of CD4, CD8, and CD14 marker expression. Ratios of leukocyte concentration in blood and tissues were calculated and evaluated for their predictor values for OS and RFS with Spearman correlations and Cox univariate and multivariate proportional hazards regression, followed by the calculation of the receiver-operating characteristic and area under the curve (AUC) and the determination of Youden’s optimal cutoff values for those variables that significantly correlated with either RCRC or LCRC patient outcomes. RCRC patients from the cohort were randomly assigned to modelling and validation sets, and clinician-friendly nomograms were developed to predict OS and RFS from the respective significant indexes. The accuracy of the model was evaluated using calibration and validation plots.
RESULTS The relationship of leukocyte ratios in blood and peritumour resulted in six robust predictors of worse OS in RCRC: CD8+ lymphocyte content in peritumour (CD8pt, AUC = 0.585, cutoff < 8.250, P = 0.0077); total lymphocyte content in peritumour (CD4CD8pt, AUC = 0.550, cutoff < 10.160, P = 0.0188); lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in peritumour (LMRpt, AUC = 0.807, cutoff < 3.185, P = 0.0028); CD8+ LMR in peritumour (CD8MRpt, AUC = 0.757, cutoff < 1.650, P = 0.0007); the ratio of blood LMR to LMR in peritumour (LMRb/LMRpt, AUC = 0.672, cutoff > 0.985, P = 0.0244); and the ratio of blood LMR to CD8+ LMR in peritumour (LMRb/CD8MRpt, AUC = 0.601, cutoff > 1.485, P = 0.0101). In addition, three robust predictors of worse RFS in RCRC were found: LMRpt (AUC = 0.737, cutoff < 3.185, P = 0.0046); LMRb/LMRpt (AUC = 0.678, cutoff > 0.985, P = 0.0155) and LMRb/CD8MRpt (AUC = 0.615, cutoff > 1.485, P = 0.0141). Furthermore, the ratio of blood LMR to CD4+ LMR in peritumour (LMRb/CD4MRpt, AUC = 0.786, cutoff > 10.570, P = 0.0416) was found to robustly predict poorer OS in LCRC patients. The nomograms showed moderate accuracy in predicting OS and RFS in RCRC patients, with concordance index of 0.600 and 0.605, respectively.
CONCLUSION Easily obtainable variables at preoperative consultation, defining the status of leukocyte balances between peripheral blood and peritumoural tissues, are robust predictors for OS and RFS of both RCRC and LCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cantero-Cid
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Karla Marina Montalbán-Hernández
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Jenny Guevara
- Digestive Surgery Service, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Elisa Pulido
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - José Carlos Casalvilla
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Marcano
- Digestive Surgery Service, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | | | - Jaime Valentín
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Gloria Cristina Bonel-Pérez
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - José Avendaño-Ortiz
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Verónica Terrón
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-Quirós
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Elvira Marín
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Eva Pena
- Pathologic Anatomy Service, Hospital La Paz, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Luis Augusto Aguirre
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid 28046, Spain
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Aguirre LA, Montalbán-Hernández K, Avendaño-Ortiz J, Marín E, Lozano R, Toledano V, Sánchez-Maroto L, Terrón V, Valentín J, Pulido E, Casalvilla JC, Rubio C, Diekhorst L, Laso-García F, del Fresno C, Collazo-Lorduy A, Jiménez-Munarriz B, Gómez-Campelo P, Llanos-González E, Fernández-Velasco M, Rodríguez-Antolín C, Pérez de Diego R, Cantero-Cid R, Hernádez-Jimenez E, Álvarez E, Rosas R, dies López-Ayllón B, de Castro J, Wculek SK, Cubillos-Zapata C, Ibáñez de Cáceres I, Díaz-Agero P, Gutiérrez Fernández M, Paz de Miguel M, Sancho D, Schulte L, Perona R, Belda-Iniesta C, Boscá L, López-Collazo E. Tumor stem cells fuse with monocytes to form highly invasive tumor-hybrid cells. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1773204. [PMID: 32923132 PMCID: PMC7458638 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1773204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The 'cancer cell fusion' theory is controversial due to the lack of methods available to identify hybrid cells and to follow the phenomenon in patients. However, it seems to be one of the best explanations for both the origin and metastasis of primary tumors. Herein, we co-cultured lung cancer stem cells with human monocytes and analyzed the dynamics and properties of tumor-hybrid cells (THC), as well as the molecular mechanisms beneath this fusion process by several techniques: electron-microscopy, karyotyping, CRISPR-Cas9, RNA-seq, immunostaining, signaling blockage, among others. Moreover, mice models were assessed for in vivo characterization of hybrids colonization and invasiveness. Then, the presence of THCs in bloodstream and samples from primary and metastatic lesions were detected by FACS and immunofluorescence protocols, and their correlations with TNM stages established. Our data indicate that the generation of THCs depends on the expression of CD36 on tumor stem cells and the oxidative state and polarization of monocytes, the latter being strongly influenced by microenvironmental fluctuations. Highly oxidized M2-like monocytes show the strongest affinity to fuse with tumor stem cells. THCs are able to proliferate, colonize and invade organs. THC-specific cell surface signature CD36+CD14+PANK+ allows identifying them in matched primary tumor tissues and metastases as well as in bloodstream from patients with lung cancer, thus functioning as a biomarker. THCs levels in circulation correlate with TNM classification. Our results suggest that THCs are involved in both origin and spread of metastatic cells. Furthermore, they might set the bases for future therapies to avoid or eradicate lung cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Augusto Aguirre
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karla Montalbán-Hernández
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Avendaño-Ortiz
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Marín
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Lozano
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Toledano
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Maroto
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Terrón
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Valentín
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Pulido
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Casalvilla
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Rubio
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luke Diekhorst
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Laso-García
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos del Fresno
- Immunobiology Laboratory, National Centre for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Paloma Gómez-Campelo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Llanos-González
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Velasco
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network, CIBER-CV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Antolín
- Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Pérez de Diego
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Cantero-Cid
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Hernádez-Jimenez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Álvarez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Rosas
- Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca dies López-Ayllón
- Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Experimental Models of Human Diseases, Biomedical Research Institute CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier de Castro
- Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanie K. Wculek
- Immunobiology Laboratory, National Centre for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - María Gutiérrez Fernández
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Paz de Miguel
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, National Centre for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leon Schulte
- Institute for Lung Research/iLung, Research Group “Rna-biology of Inflammation & Infection,” Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rosario Perona
- Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Experimental Models of Human Diseases, Biomedical Research Institute CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lisardo Boscá
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network, CIBER-CV, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Experimental Models of Human Diseases, Biomedical Research Institute CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- CONTACT Eduardo López-Collazo IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de La Castellana 261 Madrid, 28046, Spain
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Rodríguez K, Villalta M, Marín E, Briceño M, León G, Montero ML. Physical characteristics of nano-Hydroxyapatite Pickering-emulsions and their adjuvant activity on the antibody response towards the Bothros asper snake venom. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2019; 100:23-29. [PMID: 30948057 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Emulsions are crucial in the treatment of snake bites to bust the antibody response of the inmunogen. The widely used Freund's emulsion typically combines 50/50 water-oil (W/O) phase. However, its use is limited because it is associated with tissue damage. We formulated and characterized a Pickering Emulsion 70/30 (W/O) that uses a chemically modified hydrophobic hydroxyapatite as surfactant. This Pickering emulsion has similar rheologic behavior to Freund's emulsion 50/50, but with lower oil and surfactant concentration. Evaluation of cell recruitment, antibody response and adhering tissue in mice immunized with B. asper of Pacific venom and treated with Freund's and Pickering 70/30 emulsions resulted in similar adjuvant activity (only 18% lower in Pickering 70/30 emulsion). However, Pickering 70/30 emulsions minimized negative side effects in the host animals and showed better ease of flow that favors injection of the host. Our results open up room for optimization and improvement of Pickering emulsion based on modified nanoparticles for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rodríguez
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica; Centro de Electroquímica y Energía Química (CELEQ), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - M Villalta
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
| | - E Marín
- Nano Dispersión Technologys Inc., Panamá
| | - M Briceño
- Nano Dispersión Technologys Inc., Panamá
| | - G León
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
| | - M L Montero
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica; Centro de Electroquímica y Energía Química (CELEQ), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
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7
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Hernández-Carabalí LA, Cedeño E, Mantilla A, Alvarado S, Cabrera H, Mansanares AM, Calderón A, Marín E. Application of thermal lens microscopy (TLM) for measurement of Cr(VI) traces in wastewater. J Environ Manage 2019; 232:305-309. [PMID: 30496959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate for the first time that Thermal Lens Microscopy technique (TLM) can be applied to monitor the dynamics of a photocatalytic process in-situ. The photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium -Cr(VI)- in aqueous solution using CdS and irradiated with visible light is monitored by TLM. Since the values of Cr(VI) concentration obtained after the photocatalytic process were close to those imposed by the international regulations for drinking water, the use of TLM allowed its measurement with a better reliability than with UV spectroscopy, usually used in this kind of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Hernández-Carabalí
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA Legaria, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, CP 11500, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - E Cedeño
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA Legaria, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, CP 11500, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A Mantilla
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA Legaria, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, CP 11500, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - S Alvarado
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA Legaria, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, CP 11500, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - H Cabrera
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Sezione di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy; The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste 34151, Italy
| | - A M Mansanares
- Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, U. of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-859, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - A Calderón
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA Legaria, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, CP 11500, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - E Marín
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA Legaria, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, CP 11500, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Marín E, Haesaert A, Padilla L, Adán J, Hernáez ML, Monteoliva L, Gil C. Unraveling Gardnerella vaginalis Surface Proteins Using Cell Shaving Proteomics. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:975. [PMID: 29867878 PMCID: PMC5962675 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gardnerella vaginalis is one of the main etiologic agents of bacterial vaginosis (BV). This infection is responsible for a wide range of public health costs and is associated with several adverse outcomes during pregnancy. Improving our understanding of G. vaginalis protein cell surface will assist in BV diagnosis. This study represents the first proteomic approach that has analyzed the exposed proteins on G. vaginalis cell surface using a shaving approach. The 261 G. vaginalis proteins identified using this approach were analyzed with bioinformatic tools to detect characteristic motifs from surface-exposed proteins, such as signal peptides (36 proteins), lipobox domains (17 proteins), LPXTG motifs (5 proteins) and transmembrane alpha-helices (66 proteins). One third of the identified proteins were found to have at least one typical motif of surface-exposed proteins. Furthermore, the subcellular location was examined using two predictors (PSORT and Gpos-mPLoc). These bioinformatic tools classified 17% of the identified proteins as surface-associated proteins. Interestingly, we identified 13 members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily, which were mainly involved in the translocation of various substrates across membranes. To validate the location of the G. vaginalis surface-exposed proteins, an immunofluorescence assay with antibodies against Escherichia coli GroEL was performed to reveal the extracellular location of the moonlighting GroEL. In addition, monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against G. vaginalis Cna protein were produced and used to validate the location of Cna on the surface of the G. vaginalis. These high affinity anti-Cna mAb represent a useful tool for the study of this pathogenic microorganism and the BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Marín
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Annelies Haesaert
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Padilla
- Health and Biomed Division, LEITAT Technological Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Adán
- Health and Biomed Division, LEITAT Technological Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María L Hernáez
- Unidad de Proteómica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Monteoliva
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concha Gil
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Proteómica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
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Vargas E, Cifuentes A, Alvarado S, Cabrera H, Delgado O, Calderón A, Marín E. Thermal diffusivity measurement in thin metallic filaments using the mirage method with multiple probe beams and a digital camera. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:024904. [PMID: 29495871 DOI: 10.1063/1.5006942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal beam deflection is a well-established technique for measuring thermal diffusivity. In this technique, a pump laser beam generates temperature variations on the surface of the sample to be studied. These variations transfer heat to the surrounding medium, which may be air or any other fluid. The medium in turn experiences a change in the refractive index, which will be proportional to the temperature field on the sample surface when the distance to this surface is small. A probe laser beam will suffer a deflection due to the refractive index periodical changes, which is usually monitored by means of a quadrant photodetector or a similar device aided by lock-in amplification. A linear relationship that arises in this technique is that given by the phase lag of the thermal wave as a function of the distance to a punctual heat source when unidimensional heat diffusion can be guaranteed. This relationship is useful in the calculation of the sample's thermal diffusivity, which can be obtained straightforwardly by the so-called slope method, if the pump beam modulation frequency is well-known. The measurement procedure requires the experimenter to displace the probe beam at a given distance from the heat source, measure the phase lag at that offset, and repeat this for as many points as desired. This process can be quite lengthy in dependence of the number points. In this paper, we propose a detection scheme, which overcomes this limitation and simplifies the experimental setup using a digital camera that substitutes all detection hardware utilizing motion detection techniques and software digital signal lock-in post-processing. In this work, the method is demonstrated using thin metallic filaments as samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vargas
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, 11500 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A Cifuentes
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, 11500 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - S Alvarado
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, 11500 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - H Cabrera
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste 34151, Italy
| | - O Delgado
- Universidad Politécnica Metropolitana de Hidalgo, Boulevard Acceso a Tolcayuca # 1009, Exhacienda de San Javier, 43860 Tolcayuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - A Calderón
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, 11500 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - E Marín
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigación, 11500 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Cedeño E, Cabrera H, Delgadillo-López A, Delgado-Vasallo O, Mansanares A, Calderón A, Marín E. High sensitivity thermal lens microscopy: Cr-VI trace detection in water. Talanta 2017; 170:260-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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González-León MC, Soares-Schanoski A, del Fresno C, Cimadevila A, Goméz-Piña V, Mendoza-Barberá E, García F, Marín E, Arnalich F, Fuentes-Prior P, López-Collazo E. Nitric oxide induces SOCS-1 expression in human monocytes in a TNF-α-dependent manner. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519060120050501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the thoroughly characterized mechanisms of positive regulation within cytokine signaling pathways, our knowledge of negative feedback loops is comparatively sparse. We and others have previously reported that IRAK-M down-regulates inflammatory responses to multiple stimuli. In particular, we could show that the nitric oxide (NO) donor, GSNO, induces IRAK-M overexpression in human monocytes. Here we study the expression of another important negative regulator of cytokine signaling, SOCS-1, in human monocytes exposed to GSNO. The NO donor induced significant levels of SOCS-1 mRNA and protein, 6 h and 16 h after stimulation, respectively. Monocytes stimulated with GSNO for longer periods (24 h and 48 h) failed to express IL-6 and IP-10 upon LPS challenge. In addition, and in line with previous reports of NO-mediated induction of TNF-α, we have found that exposure to this cytokine induces SOCS-1 mRNA in human monocytes. A blocking antibody against TNF-α impaired SOCS-1 expression upon GSNO treatment and re-instated IL-6 and IP-10 mRNA levels after LPS challenge in cultures pretreated with the NO donor. We conclude that NO stimulates SOCS-1 overexpression in a pathway at least partially regulated by TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Felipe García
- Discover Unit, EMPIREO Molecular Diagnostic, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Arnalich
- Department of Medicine, “La Paz' Hospital Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Salema V, Mañas C, Cerdán L, Piñero-Lambea C, Marín E, Roovers RC, Van Bergen En Henegouwen PMP, Fernández LÁ. High affinity nanobodies against human epidermal growth factor receptor selected on cells by E. coli display. MAbs 2016; 8:1286-1301. [PMID: 27472381 PMCID: PMC5058628 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2016.1216742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most therapeutic antibodies (Abs) target cell surface proteins on tumor and immune cells. Cloning of Ab gene libraries in E. coli and their display on bacteriophages is commonly used to select novel therapeutic Abs binding target antigens, either purified or expressed on cells. However, the sticky nature of bacteriophages renders phage display selections on cells challenging. We previously reported an E. coli display system for expression of VHHs (i.e., nanobodies, Nbs) on the surface of bacteria and selection of high-affinity clones by magnetic cell sorting (MACS). Here, we demonstrate that E. coli display is also an attractive method for isolation of Nbs against cell surface antigens, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), upon direct selection and screening of Ab libraries on live cells. We employ a whole cell-based strategy using a VHH library obtained by immunization with human tumor cells over-expressing EGFR (i.e., A431), and selection of bacterial clones bound to murine fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells transfected with human EGFR, after depletion of non-specific clones on untransfected cells. This strategy resulted in the isolation of high-affinity Nbs binding distinct epitopes of EGFR, including Nbs competing with the ligand, EGF, as characterized by flow cytometry of bacteria displaying the Nbs and binding assays with purified Nbs using surface plasmon resonance. Hence, our study demonstrates that E. coli display of VHH libraries and selection on cells enables efficient isolation and characterization of high-affinity Nbs against cell surface antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valencio Salema
- a Department of Microbial Biotechnology , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco , Madrid , Spain
| | - Carmen Mañas
- a Department of Microbial Biotechnology , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco , Madrid , Spain
| | - Lidia Cerdán
- a Department of Microbial Biotechnology , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco , Madrid , Spain
| | - Carlos Piñero-Lambea
- a Department of Microbial Biotechnology , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco , Madrid , Spain
| | - Elvira Marín
- a Department of Microbial Biotechnology , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco , Madrid , Spain
| | - Rob C Roovers
- b Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | | | - Luis Ángel Fernández
- a Department of Microbial Biotechnology , Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco , Madrid , Spain
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Ivanov R, Marín E, Villa J, Aguilar CH, Pacheco AD, Garrido SH. Note: Photopyroelectric measurement of thermal effusivity of transparent liquids by a method free of fitting procedures. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:026105. [PMID: 26931904 DOI: 10.1063/1.4942963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a recent paper published in this journal [R. Ivanov et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86, 064902 (2015)], a methodology free of fitting procedures for determining the thermal effusivity of liquids using the electropyroelectric technique was reported. Here the same measurement principle is extended to the well-known photopyroelectric technique. The theoretical basis and experimental basis of the method are presented and its usefulness is demonstrated with measurements on test samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ivanov
- Facultad de Física, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Calz. Solidaridad Esquina Paseo de la Bufa s/n, C. P. 98060 Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - E Marín
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Legaria, Legaría 694, Colonia Irrigación, C. P. 11500 México D.F., Mexico
| | - J Villa
- Laboratorio de Procesamiento Digital de Señales, Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Av. López Velarde 801, C. P. 98000 Zacatecas, Zac., Mexico
| | - C Hernández Aguilar
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, SEPI-ESIME, Zacatenco, Unidad Profesional "Adolfo López Mateos," Col. Lindavista, C. P. 07738 México D.F., Mexico
| | - A Domínguez Pacheco
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, SEPI-ESIME, Zacatenco, Unidad Profesional "Adolfo López Mateos," Col. Lindavista, C. P. 07738 México D.F., Mexico
| | - S Hernández Garrido
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería, Campus Zacatecas, Cerro del Gato Ejido la Escondida, Col. Ciudad Administrativa, Blvd. El Bote S/N, 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
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Marín E, Parra-Giraldo CM, Hernández-Haro C, Hernáez ML, Nombela C, Monteoliva L, Gil C. Candida albicans Shaving to Profile Human Serum Proteins on Hyphal Surface. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1343. [PMID: 26696967 PMCID: PMC4672057 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a human opportunistic fungus and it is responsible for a wide variety of infections, either superficial or systemic. C. albicans is a polymorphic fungus and its ability to switch between yeast and hyphae is essential for its virulence. Once C. albicans obtains access to the human body, the host serum constitutes a complex environment of interaction with C. albicans cell surface in bloodstream. To draw a comprehensive picture of this relevant step in host-pathogen interaction during invasive candidiasis, we have optimized a gel-free shaving proteomic strategy to identify both, human serum proteins coating C. albicans cells and fungi surface proteins simultaneously. This approach was carried out with normal serum (NS) and heat inactivated serum (HIS). We identified 214 human and 372 C. albicans unique proteins. Proteins identified in C. albicans included 147 which were described as located at the cell surface and 52 that were described as immunogenic. Interestingly, among these C. albicans proteins, we identified 23 GPI-anchored proteins, Gpd2 and Pra1, which are involved in complement system evasion and 7 other proteins that are able to attach plasminogen to C. albicans surface (Adh1, Eno1, Fba1, Pgk1, Tdh3, Tef1, and Tsa1). Furthermore, 12 proteins identified at the C. albicans hyphae surface induced with 10% human serum were not detected in other hypha-induced conditions. The most abundant human proteins identified are involved in complement and coagulation pathways. Remarkably, with this strategy, all main proteins belonging to complement cascades were identified on the C. albicans surface. Moreover, we identified immunoglobulins, cytoskeletal proteins, metabolic proteins such as apolipoproteins and others. Additionally, we identified more inhibitors of complement and coagulation pathways, some of them serpin proteins (serine protease inhibitors), in HIS vs. NS. On the other hand, we detected a higher amount of C3 at the C. albicans surface in NS than in HIS, as validated by immunofluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Marín
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia M Parra-Giraldo
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Hernández-Haro
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - María L Hernáez
- Unidad de Proteómica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - César Nombela
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Monteoliva
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria Madrid, Spain
| | - Concha Gil
- Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Unidad de Proteómica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria Madrid, Spain
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Bodelón G, Marín E, Fernández LÁ. Analyzing the Role of Periplasmic Folding Factors in the Biogenesis of OMPs and Members of the Type V Secretion System. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1329:77-110. [PMID: 26427678 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2871-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The outer membrane (OM) of gram-negative bacteria is highly packed with OM proteins (OMPs) and the trafficking and assembly of OMPs in gram-negative bacteria is a subject of intense research. Structurally, OMPs vary in the number of β-strands and in the size and complexity of extra-membrane domains, with extreme examples being the members of the type V protein secretion system (T5SS), such as the autotransporter (AT) and intimin/invasin families of secreted proteins, in which a large extracellular "passenger" domain is linked to a β-barrel that inserts in the OM. Despite their structural and functional diversity, OMPs interact in the periplasm with a relatively small set of protein chaperones that facilitate their transport from the inner membrane (IM) to the β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM complex), preventing aggregation and assisting their folding in various aspects including disulfide bond formation. This chapter is focused on the periplasmic folding factors involved in the biogenesis of integral OMPs and members of T5SS in E. coli, which are used as a model system in this field. Background information on these periplasmic folding factors is provided along with genetic methods to generate conditional mutants that deplete these factors from E. coli and biochemical methods to analyze the folding, surface display, disulfide formation and oligomerization state of OMPs/T5SS in these mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Bodelón
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Marín
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Ángel Fernández
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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Suarez V, Hernández Wong J, Nogal U, Calderón A, Rojas-Trigos J, Juárez A, Marín E. Study of the heat transfer in solids using infrared photothermal radiometry and simulation by COMSOL Multiphysics. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 83 Pt C:260-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Calderón A, Cardona A, Nogal U, Juárez Gracia A, Marín E, Muñoz Hernández R. Photoacoustic analysis of the ultrasonic irradiation effect in the photosynthetic activity in aquatic lirium plants. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 83 Pt C:268-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Marín E, Hernández-Rosales E, Mansanares AM, Ivanov R, Rojas-Trigos JB, Calderón A. A method for thermal diffusivity measurement in fluids. Rev Sci Instrum 2013; 84:104903. [PMID: 24182147 DOI: 10.1063/1.4824191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A technique is proposed for thermal diffusivity measurement in fluids. It is based on the Angstrom method, but with excitation of thermal waves by electromagnetic energy absorption and pyroelectric detection. The good agreement between measured thermal diffusivity of air and some test liquids with literature values shows the validity of the method. It is free of some limitations of conventional photopyroelectric technique with length scanning because it is free of moving parts inside the sample and because it avoids problems associated with the non-parallelism between thermal wave generator surface and sensor. It does not require any data normalization procedure or special sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marín
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Legaría 694, Colonia Irrigación, C. P. 11500, México D. F., México
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Salema V, Marín E, Martínez-Arteaga R, Ruano-Gallego D, Fraile S, Margolles Y, Teira X, Gutierrez C, Bodelón G, Fernández LÁ. Selection of single domain antibodies from immune libraries displayed on the surface of E. coli cells with two β-domains of opposite topologies. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75126. [PMID: 24086454 PMCID: PMC3781032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Screening of antibody (Ab) libraries by direct display on the surface of E. coli cells is hampered by the presence of the outer membrane (OM). In this work we demonstrate that the native β-domains of EhaA autotransporter and intimin, two proteins from enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 (EHEC) with opposite topologies in the OM, are effective systems for the display of immune libraries of single domain Abs (sdAbs) from camelids (nanobodies or VHH) on the surface of E. coli K-12 cells and for the selection of high affinity sdAbs using magnetic cell sorting (MACS). We analyzed the capacity of EhaA and intimin β-domains to display individual sdAbs and sdAb libraries obtained after immunization with the extracellular domain of the translocated intimin receptor from EHEC (TirMEHEC). We demonstrated that both systems displayed functional sdAbs on the surface of E. coli cells with little proteolysis and cellular toxicity, although E. coli cells displaying sdAbs with the β-domain of intimin showed higher antigen-binding capacity. Both E. coli display libraries were screened for TirMEHEC binding clones by MACS. High affinity binders were selected by both display systems, although more efficiently with the intimin β-domain. The specificity of the selected clones against TirMEHEC was demonstrated by flow cytometry of E. coli cells, along with ELISA and surface plasmon resonance with purified sdAbs. Finally, we employed the E. coli cell display systems to provide an estimation of the affinity of the selected sdAb by flow cytometry analysis under equilibrium conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valencio Salema
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Marín
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Martínez-Arteaga
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Ruano-Gallego
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Fraile
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yago Margolles
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xema Teira
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Gutierrez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (UPGC), Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Gustavo Bodelón
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Ángel Fernández
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ivanov R, Villa J, de la Rosa I, Marín E. An alternative differential method of femtosecond pump-probe examination of materials. Opt Express 2011; 19:11290-11298. [PMID: 21716359 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.011290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe an alternative method for femtosecond pump-probe beam examination of energy transport properties of materials. All already reported techniques have several drawbacks which limit precise measurements of reflection coefficient as function of time. A typical problem is present when rough samples are being studied. In this case the pump-beam polarization changes randomly which may produce a spurious signal, drastically reducing the signal to noise ratio. Some proposals to alleviate such problem have been reported, however, they have not been totally satisfactory. The method presented here consists on measuring the difference between the two delays' signals of the probe-beam. As will be explained, our proposal is free of typical drawbacks. We also propose a numerical method to recover the ΔR(t)/R curve from the measured data. Numerical simulations show that our proposal is a viable alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ivanov
- Facultad de Física, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico.
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21
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Rossini M, Blanco PA, Marín E, Comerma-Steffensen S, Zerpa H. Haematological values of post-laying Arrau turtle (Podocnemis expansa) in the Orinoco River, Venezuela. Res Vet Sci 2010; 92:128-31. [PMID: 21122881 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Arrau turtle (Podocnemis expansa) is an endangered species, as a result of long-lasting, unsustainable exploitation. To obtain reference haematological values from the wild Podocnemis expansa during post-laying, 20 turtles were captured in the Orinoco River. Blood was obtained from the dorsal cervical sinus in lithium heparin tubes. Red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), thrombocytes (TC), packed cell volume (PCV), plasmatic protein (PP), haemoglobin (Hgb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and differential leukocyte count were determined. Haematological values were: RBC 0.9×10(9)/L, WBC 5.7×10(9)/L, TC 5.4×10(9)/L, PCV 35.6%, PP 4.2g/dL, Hgb 11.8g/dL, MCV 411fL. The differential leukocyte count comprised: 71% heterophils, 23% lymphocytes, 3% eosinophils, 1.6% basophils, and 1% monocytes. The reports of reference haematology values for the wild P. expansa are limited; therefore, the results presented herein contrast with those values obtained in captivity. This study represents a contribution to the referential haematological values of the wild P. expansa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rossini
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Central University of Venezuela, Aragua, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
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22
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Marín E, Calderón A, Díaz D. Thermal characterization of ZnO-DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) colloidal dispersions using the inverse photopyroelectric technique. ANAL SCI 2009; 25:705-9. [PMID: 19430157 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.25.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanofluids, i.e., colloidal dispersions of nanoparticles in a base liquid (solvent), have received considerable attention in the last years due to their potential applications. One attractive feature of these systems is that their thermal conductivity can exceed the corresponding values of the base fluid and of the fluid with large particles of the same chemical composition. However, there is a lack of agreement between published results and the suggested mechanisms which explain the thermal conductivity enhancement. Here we show the possibilities of the inverse photopyroelectric method for the determination of the effective thermal effusivity of the system constituted by small ZnO nanoparticles dispersed in dimethyl sulfoxide, as a function of the nanoparticles volumetric fraction. Using a phenomenological model we estimated the thermal conductivity of these colloidal samples without observing any significant enhancement of this parameter above effective medium predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marín
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México DF, México.
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23
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del Fresno C, García-Rio F, Gómez-Piña V, Soares-Schanoski A, Fernández-Ruíz I, Jurado T, Kajiji T, Shu C, Marín E, Gutierrez del Arroyo A, Prados C, Arnalich F, Fuentes-Prior P, Biswas SK, López-Collazo E. Potent Phagocytic Activity with Impaired Antigen Presentation Identifying Lipopolysaccharide-Tolerant Human Monocytes: Demonstration in Isolated Monocytes from Cystic Fibrosis Patients. J Immunol 2009; 182:6494-507. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Reguera E, Marín E, Calderón A, Rodríguez-Hernández J. Photo-induced charge transfer in Prussian blue analogues as detected by photoacoustic spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2007; 68:191-7. [PMID: 17321791 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2006.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2006] [Revised: 11/07/2006] [Accepted: 11/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The photo-induced charge transfer in four series of Prussian blue (PB) analogues was studied from photoacoustic spectra. In cobalticyanides the observed signals were assigned to a metal-to-ligand charge transfer, which appears as a shoulder below 450 nm, and to d-d transitions for Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complex salts. No evidence of metal-to-metal charge transfer was observed for this series, which is probably due to the high stability of low spin cobalt(III) in the hexacyanide complex. Photoacoustic spectra for ferricyanides are broad bands, which result particularly intense up to 750 nm. Such features were attributed to the overlapping of contributions from metal-to-ligand (<600 nm) and metal-to-metal charge transfer transitions, with probably also a minor contribution from d-d transitions in the outer metal. The spectra for the ferrocyanides series are dominated by the metal-to-ligand charge transfer band below 550 nm, approximately 100 nm above this transition in cobalticyanides. Within the studied solids, the most intense and broad metal-to-metal charge transfer bands were found for a series of low spin Co(III) high spin Co(II) hexacyanoferrates(II,III) and with similar features also for ferric ferrocyanide (Prussian blue), assigned to Fe(II)-->Co(III) and Fe(II)-->Fe(III) photo-induced transition, respectively. The first of these transitions requires of more energetic photons to be observed, its maximum falls at 580 nm while for Prussian blue it is found at 670 nm. Prussian blue analogues are usually obtained as nanometric size particles and many of them have a microporous structure. The role of surface atoms on the observed charge transfer bands in the studied series of compounds is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Reguera
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Legaria 694, Col. Irrigación, México, D.F. C.P. 11500, Mexico.
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González-León MC, Soares-Schanoski A, del Fresno C, Cimadevila A, Goméz-Piña V, Mendoza-Barberá E, García F, Marín E, Arnalich F, Fuentes-Prior P, López-Collazo E. Nitric oxide induces SOCS-1 expression in human monocytes in a TNF-alpha-dependent manner. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 12:296-306. [PMID: 17059693 DOI: 10.1179/096805106x118843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the thoroughly characterized mechanisms of positive regulation within cytokine signaling pathways, our knowledge of negative feedback loops is comparatively sparse. We and others have previously reported that IRAK-M down-regulates inflammatory responses to multiple stimuli. In particular, we could show that the nitric oxide (NO) donor, GSNO, induces IRAK-M overexpression in human monocytes. Here we study the expression of another important negative regulator of cytokine signaling, SOCS-1, in human monocytes exposed to GSNO. The NO donor induced significant levels of SOCS-1 mRNA and protein, 6 h and 16 h after stimulation, respectively. Monocytes stimulated with GSNO for longer periods (24 h and 48 h) failed to express IL-6 and IP-10 upon LPS challenge. In addition, and in line with previous reports of NO-mediated induction of TNF-alpha, we have found that exposure to this cytokine induces SOCS-1 mRNA in human monocytes. A blocking antibody against TNF-alpha impaired SOCS-1 expression upon GSNO treatment and re-instated IL-6 and IP-10 mRNA levels after LPS challenge in cultures pretreated with the NO donor. We conclude that NO stimulates SOCS-1 overexpression in a pathway at least partially regulated by TNF-alpha.
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Pérez-García F, Marín E, Parella T, Adzet T, Cañigueral S. Activity of taraxasteryl acetate on inflammation and heat shock protein synthesis. Phytomedicine 2005; 12:278-84. [PMID: 15898705 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2004.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Pluchea sagittalis whole plant dichloromethane extract showed inhibitory activity in several inflammatory models: rat hind paw-edema, mice ear edema, and air-pouch rat granuloma. The extract inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in stimulated human neutrophils. It also showed inhibitory effect on heat shock protein 72 (hsp72) synthesis in stimulated neutrophils, while it had opposite effects on unstimulated cells. The triterpene taraxasteryl acetate was obtained from the dichloromethane extract by bioassay directed isolation, being active against induced ROS and RNS production in human neutrophils. In mice ear edema (induced by phorbol-12-mirystate-13-acetate, croton oil and arachidonic acid), taraxasteryl acetate showed a topical anti-inflammatory activity similar to the extract, but at 1/20 of the dose. The same ratio was observed for the inhibition of hsp72 production in stimulated human neutrophils. In unstimulated monocytes and neutrophils, taraxasteryl acetate showed a higher stimulating activity of hsp72 production than the extract, involving different mechanisms in each cell type. To our knowledge, taraxasteryl acetate is the first natural product for which a dual effect on the hsp response is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pérez-García
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Marín E, Navas C, Martín-Vivaldi J, García-Tapia A, Martín-Herrera L. Septic arthritis due to Streptococcus bovis in a patient with cirrhosis of enolic etiology. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2003; 95:506-8, 503-5. [PMID: 12952512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a case of bacteremia and septic arthritis due to Streptococcus bovis biotype I after shock, in a patient with liver cirrhosis of enolic etiology. Diagnosis was made based on a clinical setting of fever and a painful shoulder. The presence of colonic neoplasia was ruled out in this patient and the bacteremia developed without endocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marín
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar. Cádiz, Spain
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Abstract
We report here on the use of the photoacoustic technique for the determination of low concentrations of total iron in corn meal samples. The determination of this element in food is of considerable interest because several foods are currently enriched with it at proper levels in order to increase the resistance of people, after consumation, to several diseases, such as anemia. The proposed technique is based on an open photoacoustic cell configuration in conjunction with a suitable colorimetric method. We applied it to a measurement of the total iron concentration in corn meal samples. The results agree very well with those obtained using a conventional spectrophotometric method, showing the possibilities of new experimental methodologies based on photothermal methods to perform this kind of study, with the advantage of a higher sensitivity and increment of the range of appreciable absorbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Delgado-Vasallo
- Universidad de La Habana, Facultad de Física-IMRE, San Lázaro y L, Vedado 10400, Habana, Cuba
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Abstract
The temporal evolution of pH values in precipitation over Europe during the period 1986-1997 is examined using panel data. The use of panel data techniques allows us to determine the temporal evolution of groups of stations rather than analyzing the temporal behavior of each of them. The analysis reveals three different temporal patterns: Peripheral, Central and French. We find a significant increasing trend (P < 0.00001) in both Peripheral and Central patterns. The annual increases are +0.057 pH-units yr(-1) and +0.022 pH-units yr(-1) respectively. However the French pattern is characterized by a significant decreasing trend (P < 0.004) and the annual decrease is -0.022 pH-units yr(-1). The standard errors of panel data estimates are around 47% smaller than those of classical pooling and 32% smaller than aggregate time-series regression. The use of panel data produces higher R2 values than classical pooling and aggregate data. This technique takes into account the individual heterogeneity, allows a larger number of data points and improves the efficiency of the estimates. In general, the policies of governments to reduce pollutant emissions seem to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marín
- Dpto. Física del Aire, Facultad de Físicas Avda, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Marín E, Hernández E, Bourhim S, Rúa A. Multivariate space analysis of the major precipitation ions over Europe, 1986-1997. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2001; 51:1346-1350. [PMID: 11575888 DOI: 10.1080/10473289.2001.10464358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The annual average concentrations (1986-1997) of the major ions SO4(2-), NO3-, Cl-, NH4+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+ in precipitation are analyzed for selected EMEP stations. The objective is to determine the ion patterns or typologies in precipitation by principal component analysis (PCA) combined with a cluster analysis. SO4(2-) and NO3- ions are predominant in central and eastern Europe. This area corresponds to high emissions of SO2 and NO2. Sea spray ions are predominant in coastal sites. The soil components show an important contribution in southern Europe, possibly due to the soil dust transported from northern Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marín
- Departamento de Física del Aire, Facultad de CC. Físicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Gimeno L, Marín E, del Teso T, Bourhim S. How effective has been the reduction of SO2 emissions on the effect of acid rain on ecosystems? Sci Total Environ 2001; 275:63-70. [PMID: 11482404 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00854-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The paper attempts to assess the effectiveness of the reduction of SO2 emissions over recent years for protection of ecosystems in both Europe and eastern USA by analysis of temporal changes in the acidifying potential (AP) of wet deposition defined as [SO4(2-)] - ([Ca2+] + [Mg2+]). Spatial and temporal patterns of acidifying potential were studied. The main result is that there is no statistical evidence for a trend towards improvement in the acidifying potential, because there have been declines in Ca precipitation. This suggests that the reduction of SO2 emissions has not been effective as an abatement strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gimeno
- Facultad Ciencias Univ. Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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Pérez-García F, Marín E, Adzet T, Cañigueral S. Activity of plant extracts on the respiratory burst and the stress protein synthesis. Phytomedicine 2001; 8:31-38. [PMID: 11292237 DOI: 10.1078/0944-7113-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous, methanol and dichloromethane extracts from Artemisia copa, Baccharis grisebachii, Baccharis incarum, Baccharis latifolia, Mutisia kurtzii and Pluchea sagittalis, plants used in the Traditional Medicine of South America, are studied for activity on the respiratory burst and the inducible heat shock protein of 72 kD (hsp72) synthesis. Activity on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), as well as on hsp72 synthesis was measured by flow cytometry in human neutrophils. Cells were stimulated using hydrogen peroxide, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) for ROS generation, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or PMA in the presence of calmodulin inhibitor W-13 for RNS. The production of hsp72 was induced by heat, PMA, H2O2 and SNP. The best inhibitory activity was shown by the dichloromethane extracts of Baccharis grisebachii and Pluchea sagittalis that were active in all the assays. The aqueous extract of Pluchea sagittalis was also active in most assays. The aqueous extract from Mutisia kurtzii caused a clear increase of the hsp72 production and showed prooxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pérez-García
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Marín J, Marín E, Gutiérrez-Iñiguez MA, Avendaño C, Rodríguez-Martínez MA. Mechanisms involved in the hemodynamic alterations in congestive heart failure as a basis for a rational pharmacological treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2000; 88:15-31. [PMID: 11033382 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Congestive heart failure is a complex syndrome and one of the major cardiological problems of our time. It is characterized by an important neurohumoral activation to compensate for the reduction of cardiac output and blood pressure, that worsens the prognosis with time. The aim of the treatment is focused on how to improve the quality of life and how to prolong survival. Usually, treatment, either symptomatic or directed to control the neuroendocrine compensatory changes, is necessary. The drugs currently used are angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, diuretics, digoxin, and beta-adrenoceptor agonists. In addition, new drugs, such as angiotensin II receptor antagonists, beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, ibopamine, Ca(2+) antagonists, neutral endopeptidase inhibitors, vasopressin antagonists, Ca(2+)-sensitizers with cyclic AMP-dependent or -independent mechanisms, and endothelin antagonists, are also being used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marín
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Clínica Puerta de Hierro, c/ San Martín de Porres, 4, 28035-Madrid, Spain
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Arós F, Boraita A, Alegría E, Alonso AM, Bardají A, Lamiel R, Luengo E, Rabadán M, Alijarde M, Aznar J, Baño A, Cabañero M, Calderón C, Camprubí M, Candell J, Crespo M, de la Morena G, Fernández A, Ferrero JA, Gayán R, Bolao IG, Hernández M, Maceira A, Marín E, Muela de Lara A, Placer L, San Román JA, Serratosa L, Sosa V, Subirana MT, Wilke M. [Guidelines of the Spanish Society of Cardiology for clinical practice in exercise testing]. Rev Esp Cardiol 2000; 53:1063-94. [PMID: 10956604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Most exercise testing is performed in adults with known or suspected ischemic heart disease. In the last few years cardiac imaging techniques have been applied in this field, improving the information obtained with the procedure. However, the exceptions to this rule are emerging rapidly not only in healthy people (asymptomatic individuals, athletes, handicapped people) but also in cardiac patients (advanced congestive heart failure, hypertension, rhythm disorders, congenital heart disease, etc.). All the-se issues justify the need for a multidisciplinary consensus document in Spain. This paper reviews and updates the methodological aspects of the stress test, including those related to oxygen consumption measurements. The main aim of this review was to determine the role of exercise testing in the evaluation of ischemic heart disease as well as the applications of imaging stress testing. The usefulness of this test in other non-ischemic cardiac disorders and in selected subsets of healthy people is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Arós
- Sociedad Española de Cardiología
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Rodríguez-Martínez MA, García-Cohen EC, Briones A, Baena AB, Marín E, Salaices M, Marín J. Changes in plasma oxidative state with age and their influence on contractions elicited by noradrenaline in the rat tail artery. Life Sci 1999; 65:915-24. [PMID: 10465351 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study analyzes the changes in plasma oxidative state with age and their influence on the contractions induced by noradrenaline (NA) in endothelium-denuded segments from the tail artery of 6- (young), 24- (old) and 30- (very old) month-old Sprague Dawley rats. The sensitivity (-log EC50) to NA increased with age, this increase being higher in old than in very old animals. Moreover, the maximum response (Emax) to NA did not change in old rats, whereas decreased in very old animals. We also found a progressive increase in the plasma oxidative state with age, measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, that was accompanied by a decrease in the plasma antioxidative state, measured as glutathione peroxidase activity. In addition, MDA (0.5, 1 and 10 microM) potentiated the NA responses in 6-, 24- and 30-month-old rats, respectively, without affecting Emax. In young animals, catalase (1000 U/ml) or dimethylsulfoxide (7 mM), scavengers of hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radicals, respectively, did not modify either the contractions induced by NA in control situation or the potentiation of these responses caused by MDA. However, the superoxide anion scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD, 150 U/ml), completely reversed the increase in sensitivity to NA caused by MDA, without affecting NA responses in control situation. These results suggest that the increase in NA sensitivity with age could be due, at least in part, to the enhancement of plasma oxidative state during aging. In addition, in this alteration of the responses to NA caused by MDA, the generation of superoxide anions appears to be involved. This study supports the hypothesis that the enhancement of plasma oxidative state could play an important role in the increase of vascular resistance with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rodríguez-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Pluchea sagittalis, (Lam.) Cabr., a popular medicinal herb grown in South America, was studied for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The anti-edema action of P. sagittalis aqueous extract was assayed in different models of inflammation: 1) the mouse ear edema test induced by arachidonic acid and croton oil; 2) the rat hind-paw edema test produced by several inflammatory inductors: carrageenan, dextran, zymosan, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and arachidonic acid; 3) a subacute model based on the rat carrageenan air-pouch granuloma test. Blood leukocyte free radical production was measured by flow cytometry with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) in vivo, in rats with induced air-pouch granuloma, and in a model in vitro. stimulating leukocytes with hydrogen peroxide. The aqueous extract of P. sagittalis showed a marked anti-inflammatory effect in both ear edema tests, dextran and carrageenan hind-paw edemas and carrageenan air-pouch model. It also had a potent antioxidant activity in blood leukocytes, both in vivo and in vitro. Our results correlate the reduction of free radical production with the anti-inflammatory effect of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pérez-García
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Gené RM, Cartaña C, Adzet T, Marín E, Parella T, Cañigueral S. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Baccharis trimera: identification of its active constituents. Planta Med 1996; 62:232-5. [PMID: 8693035 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-957866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The butanolic fraction (BT-II) derived from the aqueous crude extract was prepared from aerial parts of Baccharis trimera and assessed in anti-inflammatory, analgesia, and ulcerogenesis models. Intraperitoneal pretreatment with lyophilized BT-II, at doses ranging from 40 to 100 mg/kg, markedly inhibited carrageenan- and dextran-induced inflammation (70.4-90.8% and 25.7-71.3%, respectively) and weakly decreased C16-paf- and arachidonic acid-induced swelling (24.9-36.7% and 0-30.6%, respectively). No effect was observed, at the same doses, on zymosan-induced edema. The intraperitoneal examination indicates that the anti-phlogistic action of BT-II was not due to an irritating effect at the injection site. Besides, BT-II reduced abdominal constrictions in mice following injection of acetic acid: at 50 mg/kg, it gave 67.4% inhibition and, at 100 mg/kg, 95.1%. The ulcerogenic assay showed that the incidence of ulcers after BT-II i.p. treatment was 2/6 at 50 mg/kg and 6/6 at 100 mg/kg. Ulcerogenic indices were 1.3 +/- 0.5 and 2.7 +/- 0.8, respectively. These results indicate that B.trimera shows strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties which seem to be due, at least partly, to the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. The chromatographic separation of BT-II monitored by bio-assay (carrageenan-induced edema test in mice) was carried out. The active constituents were found to be mainly saponins in which echinocystic acid (or its enantiomer) is the major aglycone, and also rutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Gené
- Unitat de Farmacologìa i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Madrid AH, Mestre JL, Moro C, Vivas E, Tejero I, Novo L, Marín E, Orellana L. Heart rate variability and inappropriate sinus tachycardia after catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia. Eur Heart J 1995; 16:1637-40. [PMID: 8881859 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinus tachycardia has been reported after radiofrequency catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia. Frequently, these patients require beta-blocking agents for symptomatic control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate prospectively the incidence of inappropriate sinus tachycardia and heart rate variability after ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia and accessory pathways. Patients undergoing ablation had 24-h ambulatory monitoring ECG (Holter) performed before the procedure, on the day of the ablation, and 3 months afterwards. There were 170 patients, mean age 48 +/- 23 years; 93 were female. A complete study of the 24-h Holter with analysis of heart rate variability: SD, rMSSD, pNN50, high and low frequency was obtained. There was a low prevalence of inappropriate sinus tachycardia after the ablation procedure (10 of 170 patients: five with four atrioventricular nodal reentry, with posteroseptal accessory pathways and one of the latter following ablation of the left accessory pathway). There was no modification of time and frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability in the remaining patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation. Holter monitoring 3 months after ablation showed that parameters of heart rate and heart rate variability had normalized in patients who had developed inappropriate sinus tachycardia. Inappropriate sinus tachycardia may be initiated by both radiofrequency ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia and radiofrequency ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways. Specific damage to the posteroseptal region is responsible for these changes, which usually recover spontaneously after 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Madrid
- Arrhythmia Unit, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Moro C, Madrid AH, Novo L, Marín E, Esteve JJ. [Intranodal tachycardia. Ablation of the fast and the slow pathway]. Rev Esp Cardiol 1993; 46:304-12. [PMID: 8516539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Moro
- Unidad de Arritmias, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid
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Gómez de la Cámara A, Gabriel R, Pozo F, Marín E, Ricoy JR. [An analysis of research projects on primary care presented to the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria during 1991]. Aten Primaria 1993; 11:8-15. [PMID: 8427925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
DESIGN Observational cross-sectional study. SETTING Proposals on primary health care (domain, functions and activities) identified among a total of the 1412, belonging to all topics, submitted to the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria during the 1991 exercise. INTERVENTIONS Proposals were classified according the degree of quality in the methodological fulfillment, pointed out those accepted for grant by the Technical Evaluation Committees. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS 55 proposals about Primary Health Care were identified which account for 3.8% of the all proposals submitted. The degree of topic pertinence was very high with hypothesis and objectives well set out. There was a poor fulfillment of the methods and plan of action. Those projects with a very good fulfillment were accepted in a 90% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS The reviewed proposals shaw a good pertinence in the research on primary health care. We could notice a growing portion of researchers well trained with exigent methodological criteria. However, it remains a majority of proposals with poor methodological fulfillment which could easily be improved by increasing research training and expert support. Some advices are offered for the elaboration of research projects.
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Ricoy JR, Guasch MF, Jiménez A, Marín E, Medina J, Pozo F. [Evaluation of the results of the research funded by the Health Research Fund in 1988]. Med Clin (Barc) 1992; 99:690-4. [PMID: 1479845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyse the scientific product of research projects funded by Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria in 1988 emphasizing its relation to money granted. METHODS 270 out of 610 projects were evaluated in relation to the amount granted. The number of papers published to each project and the impact factor assigned to the journals where these papers were published; we also assessed the mean cost of papers and impact factor units. These projects were coded following UNESCO classifications, and papers as per ISI standards. RESULTS A total of 95 projects out of the 270 analysed produced no papers; the other 175 projects yielded 471 articles (2.7 per project); the mean cost of each article was 1.1 million pesetas, or 0.8 million if only the productive projects were considered. These papers reached a total of 818,709 impact factor units; the mean cost of the impact factor unit is 660,796 pesetas, or 459,626 pesetas if only productive projects are considered. CONCLUSIONS Non productive projects were those that received less funding. 33% of projects produced papers published in journals with an assigned impact factor equal or inferior to one. There are evident differences among areas of knowledge in terms of impact factor. This study must be completed with a statistical analysis of reported data.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Ricoy
- Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid
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Abstract
We report a case of common arterial trunk with absence of the left pulmonary artery who was diagnosed at the age of 32 years. Pulmonary vascular disease made the condition inoperable. He does well with medical management after a follow-up of 20 months.
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Hernández Madrid A, Rayo L, Sureda A, Lafuente C, Marín E. [Dilated cardiomyopathy as initial clinical manifestation of acromegaly]. Rev Clin Esp 1991; 189:442-3. [PMID: 1792376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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García Frade LJ, Alvarez JJ, Rayo I, Torrado MC, Lasunción MA, García Avello A, Hernandez A, Marín E. Fibrinolytic parameters and lipoprotein (a) levels in plasma of patients with coronary artery disease. Thromb Res 1991; 63:407-18. [PMID: 1836682 DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(91)90227-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinolysis and lipid disturbances have been considered as independent risk factors for coronary artery disease. Besides this, lipoprotein(a), which is characterized by its homology with plasminogen may interfere with the fibrinolytic function. To evaluate the eventual correlation between fibrinolytic parameters, lipoprotein (a) and other risk factors, 46 patients with coronary artery disease (34 with chronic angina pectoris and 12 with myocardial infarction) were studied. Increased basal values of t-PA antigen (8.2 and 6.6 vs. 4.2 ng/ml) but decreased response after stimulus (2.2 and 1.8 vs. 3.8 ng/ml) and increased levels of lipoprotein(a) (24.7 and 35.9 vs. 10.5 mg/dl) were the most relevant differences between coronary artery disease patients and controls. No correlation between lipoprotein(a) and fibrinolytic parameters was found. Therefore plasma concentration of the main plasma fibrinolytic parameters and lipoprotein(a) seem to be unrelated though the relevance of this interaction at a local level needs to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J García Frade
- Department of Haematology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Alcalá University, Madrid, Spain
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Villalobos JJ, Nava AA, Elizondo J, Gallo S, Guerrero C, Vargas F, Barrera A, Centeno F, Marín E, Peña F. [The recurrence of duodenal ulcer in patients undergoing treatment with ranitidine and placebo. A multicenter study]. Rev Gastroenterol Mex 1991; 56:65-9. [PMID: 1947617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This randomised, double-blind multicenter study was conducted in order to evaluate the long-term effect (one year) of 150 mg ranitidine vs placebo in 51 patients with healed duodenal ulcer. Seventeen patients had ulcer recurrence at the end of follow-up, one among the 24 patients that received ranitidine and 16 among the 27 patients that received placebo (p = 0.00009). No side effects was detected. Our results support the usefulness of a one-year maintenance therapy with 150 mg ranitidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Villalobos
- Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, D.F
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Marín E, Uribe M. Treatment of portal systemic encephalopathy: standard and new treatments. Rev Invest Clin 1990; 42 Suppl:141-148. [PMID: 19256154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The management of hepatic encephalopathy should be considered accordingly with the precipitating factor and the type of encephalopathy. Ideally the therapeutic approach must be useful for both acute and chronic forms of encephalopathy. Current treatment of hepatic encephalopathy consists of certain well-established measures attempting to identify and treat the precipitating factors, and to reduce the intestinal nitrogenous compounds formation and absorption by dietary restriction or bowel-cleansing with catartics or antibiotics such as neomycin, metronidazol, etc. This review describes briefly several therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marín
- Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salador, Zubirán, México 14000, DF
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Uribe M, Bosques F, Marín E, Cervera E, Gil S, Luis Poo J, Garcia Compeán D, Santoyo R, Huerta E, García-Ramos G, Cadena M, Merikansky A, Robledo J, Cortés M, Guevara A, López N, Aguilar A, Alejandra Ochoa E. [Sodium benzoate in portal-systemic-encephalopathy-induced blood ammonia normalization and clinical improvement. Interim report of a double-blind multicenter trial]. Rev Invest Clin 1990; 42 Suppl:149-54. [PMID: 19256155 DOI: pmid/19256155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of sodium benzoate (SB) in a cirrotic population with chronic portal systemic encepalopathy (PSE), we performed a double blind, randomised, multicentric, clinical trial, comparing SB versus a standard therapy of lactitol (LA). To perform the study blind, syrups containing the two drugs were prepared. To date 27 patients have been studied. Of these, 12 received SB (5.6 g/day) and 15 received LA (29 g/day). Standard PSE parameters were assessed and hippurate urinary excretion was measured before and after the trial. For the SB group, basal and final PSE index were 0.39 +/- 0.16 and 0.17 +/- 0.1 respectively (p < 0.001). The Group on LA had a PSE index of 0.40 + 0.1 and 0.23 +/- 0.18 (basal and final respectively) (p < 0.001). The final hippurate excretion for SB group was 2498.9 mg/24 h. The hippurate excretion for the LA group suffer no changes (traces). No serious side effects were observed with either therapy. We suggested that SB is a safe, efficacious and comfortable alternate treatment for PSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Uribe
- Departamento de Gastroenterología Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Tlalpan, México 14000, DF
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Andreu J, Villar JL, Marín E, Chinchón I. [Lymphomatoid granulomatosis: presentation of a case with multiple organ involvement and T-cell proliferation]. Rev Clin Esp 1990; 186:470-2. [PMID: 2247691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Escarrabill J, Marín E, de la Riva E, Giró E, Estopà R, Manresa F. [The tobacco habit in patients using home oxygen therapy]. Med Clin (Barc) 1989; 93:772-4. [PMID: 2622286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of smoking habits results in a worse prognosis of patients with chronic airflow limitation. Some authors consider that oxygen therapy at home (OTH) is meaningless if the patient does not give up smoking. To assess the number of smokers in a group of 65 patients on OTH, a questionnaire on smoking habits was administered and the CO concentration in the expired air was measured. 27.7% of the study patients smoked; 12.3% admitted that they smoked on being questioned and the remaining 15.4% were identified by CO concentrations in the expired air equal to or higher than 10 ppm. There were no significant differences between the groups of smokers and nonsmokers regarding age and pulmonary function, but the rate of those declaring a poor compliance with OTH was higher among smokers.
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