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Garrison AR, Moresco V, Zeng X, Cline CR, Ward MD, Ricks KM, Olschner SP, Cazares LH, Karaaslan E, Fitzpatrick CJ, Bergeron É, Pegan SD, Golden JW. Nucleocapsid protein-specific monoclonal antibodies protect mice against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1722. [PMID: 38409240 PMCID: PMC10897337 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a WHO priority pathogen. Antibody-based medical countermeasures offer an important strategy to mitigate severe disease caused by CCHFV. Most efforts have focused on targeting the viral glycoproteins. However, glycoproteins are poorly conserved among viral strains. The CCHFV nucleocapsid protein (NP) is highly conserved between CCHFV strains. Here, we investigate the protective efficacy of a CCHFV monoclonal antibody targeting the NP. We find that an anti-NP monoclonal antibody (mAb-9D5) protected female mice against lethal CCHFV infection or resulted in a significant delay in mean time-to-death in mice that succumbed to disease compared to isotype control animals. Antibody protection is independent of Fc-receptor functionality and complement activity. The antibody bound NP from several CCHFV strains and exhibited robust cross-protection against the heterologous CCHFV strain Afg09-2990. Our work demonstrates that the NP is a viable target for antibody-based therapeutics, providing another direction for developing immunotherapeutics against CCHFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura R Garrison
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA.
| | - Vanessa Moresco
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Curtis R Cline
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Michael D Ward
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Keersten M Ricks
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Scott P Olschner
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Lisa H Cazares
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Elif Karaaslan
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Collin J Fitzpatrick
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Éric Bergeron
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Scott D Pegan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Joseph W Golden
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, USA.
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2
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Taylor KM, Ricks KM, Kuehnert PA, Eick-Cost AA, Scheckelhoff MR, Wiesen AR, Clements TL, Hu Z, Zak SE, Olschner SP, Herbert AS, Bazaco SL, Creppage KE, Fan MT, Sanchez JL. Seroprevalence as an Indicator of Undercounting of COVID-19 Cases in a Large Well-Described Cohort. AJPM Focus 2023; 2:100141. [PMID: 37885754 PMCID: PMC10598697 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2023.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Reported confirmed cases represent a small portion of overall true cases for many infectious diseases. The undercounting of true cases can be considerable when a significant portion of infected individuals are asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic, as is the case with COVID-19. Seroprevalence studies are an efficient way to assess the extent to which true cases are undercounted during a large-scale outbreak and can inform efforts to improve case identification and reporting. Methods A longitudinal seroprevalence study of active duty U.S. military members was conducted from May 2020 through June 2021. A random selection of service member serum samples submitted to the Department of Defense Serum Repository was analyzed for the presence of antibodies reactive to SARS-CoV-2. The monthly seroprevalence rates were compared with those of cumulative confirmed cases reported during the study period. Results Seroprevalence was 2.3% in May 2020 and increased to 74.0% by June 2021. The estimated true case count based on seroprevalence was 9.3 times greater than monthly reported cases at the beginning of the study period and fell to 1.7 by the end of the study. Conclusions In our sample, confirmed case counts significantly underestimated true cases of COVID-19. The increased availability of testing over the study period and enhanced efforts to detect asymptomatic and minimally symptomatic cases likely contributed to the fall in the seroprevalence to reported case ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Taylor
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Keersten M. Ricks
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Paul A. Kuehnert
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Angelia A. Eick-Cost
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Mark R. Scheckelhoff
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Andrew R. Wiesen
- Health Readiness Policy and Oversight, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Tamara L. Clements
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Zheng Hu
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Samantha E. Zak
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Scott P. Olschner
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Andrew S. Herbert
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Sara L. Bazaco
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Kathleen E. Creppage
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Michael T. Fan
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jose L. Sanchez
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
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3
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Zumbrun EE, Zak SE, Lee ED, Bowling PA, Ruiz SI, Zeng X, Koehler JW, Delp KL, Bakken RR, Hentschel SS, Bloomfield HA, Ricks KM, Clements TL, Babka AM, Dye JM, Herbert AS. SARS-CoV-2 Aerosol and Intranasal Exposure Models in Ferrets. Viruses 2023; 15:2341. [PMID: 38140582 PMCID: PMC10747480 DOI: 10.3390/v15122341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. Animal models are extremely helpful for testing vaccines and therapeutics and for dissecting the viral and host factors that contribute to disease severity and transmissibility. Here, we report the assessment and comparison of intranasal and small particle (~3 µm) aerosol SARS-CoV-2 exposure in ferrets. The primary endpoints for analysis were clinical signs of disease, recovery of the virus in the upper respiratory tract, and the severity of damage within the respiratory tract. This work demonstrated that ferrets were productively infected with SARS-CoV-2 following either intranasal or small particle aerosol exposure. SARS-CoV-2 infection of ferrets resulted in an asymptomatic disease course following either intranasal or small particle aerosol exposure, with no clinical signs, significant weight loss, or fever. In both aerosol and intranasal ferret models, SARS-CoV-2 replication, viral genomes, and viral antigens were detected within the upper respiratory tract, with little to no viral material detected in the lungs. The ferrets exhibited a specific IgG immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 full spike protein. Mild pathological findings included inflammation, necrosis, and edema within nasal turbinates, which correlated to positive immunohistochemical staining for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Environmental sampling was performed following intranasal exposure of ferrets, and SARS-CoV-2 genomic material was detected on the feeders and nesting areas from days 2-10 post-exposure. We conclude that both intranasal and small particle aerosol ferret models displayed measurable parameters that could be utilized for future studies, including transmission studies and testing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E. Zumbrun
- Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (S.E.Z.); (R.R.B.); (S.S.H.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Samantha E. Zak
- Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (S.E.Z.); (R.R.B.); (S.S.H.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Eric D. Lee
- Division of Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (E.D.L.); (X.Z.); (H.A.B.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Philip A. Bowling
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Sara I. Ruiz
- Division of Bacteriology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- Division of Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (E.D.L.); (X.Z.); (H.A.B.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Jeffrey W. Koehler
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.W.K.); (K.L.D.); (K.M.R.); (T.L.C.)
| | - Korey L. Delp
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.W.K.); (K.L.D.); (K.M.R.); (T.L.C.)
| | - Russel R. Bakken
- Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (S.E.Z.); (R.R.B.); (S.S.H.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Shannon S. Hentschel
- Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (S.E.Z.); (R.R.B.); (S.S.H.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Holly A. Bloomfield
- Division of Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (E.D.L.); (X.Z.); (H.A.B.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Keersten M. Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.W.K.); (K.L.D.); (K.M.R.); (T.L.C.)
| | - Tamara L. Clements
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.W.K.); (K.L.D.); (K.M.R.); (T.L.C.)
| | - April M. Babka
- Division of Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (E.D.L.); (X.Z.); (H.A.B.); (A.M.B.)
| | - John M. Dye
- Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (S.E.Z.); (R.R.B.); (S.S.H.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Andrew S. Herbert
- Division of Virology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (S.E.Z.); (R.R.B.); (S.S.H.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
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4
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Davis I, Payne JM, Olguin VL, Sanders MP, Clements T, Stefan CP, Williams JA, Hooper JW, Huggins JW, Mucker EM, Ricks KM. Development of a specific MPXV antigen detection immunodiagnostic assay. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1243523. [PMID: 37744911 PMCID: PMC10516133 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1243523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human monkeypox (mpox) has recently become a global public health emergency; however, assays that detect mpox infection are not widely available, largely due to cross-reactivity within the Orthopoxvirus genus. Immunoassay development was largely confined to researchers who focus on biothreats and endemic areas (Central and West Africa) until the 2022 outbreak. As was noted in the COVID-19 pandemic, antigen detection assays, integrated with molecular assays, are necessary to help curb the spread of disease. Antigen-detecting immunoassays offer the advantage of providing results ranging from within min to h and in lateral flow formats; they can be deployed for point-of-care, home, or field use. This study reports the development of an mpox-specific antigen detection immunoassay developed on a multiplexed, magnetic-bead-based platform utilizing reagents from all research sectors (commercial, academic, and governmental). Two semi-quantitative assays were developed in parallel and standardized with infectious mpox virus (MPXV) cell culture fluid and MPXV-positive non-human primate (NHP) sera samples. These assays could detect viral antigens in serum, were highly specific toward MPXV as compared to other infectious orthopoxviruses (vaccinia virus, cowpox virus, and camelpox virus), and exhibited a correlation with quantitative PCR results from an NHP study. Access to a toolbox of assays for mpox detection will be key for identifying cases and ensuring proper treatment, as MPXV is currently a global traveler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Davis
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Jackie M. Payne
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Victoria L. Olguin
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Madison P. Sanders
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Tamara Clements
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Christopher P. Stefan
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Janice A. Williams
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Jay W. Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - John W. Huggins
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Eric M. Mucker
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Keersten M. Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
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5
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Golden JW, Fitzpatrick CJ, Suschak JJ, Clements TL, Ricks KM, Sanchez-Lockhart M, Garrison AR. Induced protection from a CCHFV-M DNA vaccine requires CD8 + T cells. Virus Res 2023; 334:199173. [PMID: 37459918 PMCID: PMC10388194 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a World Health Organization prioritized disease because its broad distribution and severity of disease make it a global health threat. Despite advancements in preclinical vaccine development for CCHF virus (CCHFV), including multiple platforms targeting multiple antigens, a clear definition of the adaptive immune correlates of protection is lacking. Levels of neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated animal models do not necessarily correlate with protection, suggesting that cellular immunity, such as CD8+ T cells, might have an important role in protection in this model. Using a well-established IFN-I antibody blockade mouse model (IS) and a DNA-based vaccine encoding the CCHFV M-segment glycoprotein precursor, we investigated the role of humoral and T cell immunity in vaccine-mediated protection in mice genetically devoid of these immune compartments. We found that in the absence of the B-cell compartment (µMT knockout mice), protection provided by the vaccine was not reduced. In contrast, in the absence of CD8+ T cells (CD8+ knockout mice) the vaccine-mediated protection was significantly diminished. Importantly, humoral responses to the vaccine in CD8+ T-cell knockout mice were equivalent to wild-type mice. These findings indicated that CD8+ T-cell responses are necessary and sufficient to promote protection in mice vaccinated with the M-segment DNA vaccine. Identifying a crucial role of the cellular immunity to protect against CCHFV should help guide the development of CCHFV-targeting vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Golden
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States.
| | - Collin J Fitzpatrick
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States
| | - John J Suschak
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Tamara L Clements
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Keersten M Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Mariano Sanchez-Lockhart
- Center for Genome Sciences, Molecular Biology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Aura R Garrison
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, United States.
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6
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Bixler SL, Stefan CP, Jay AN, Rossi FD, Ricks KM, Shoemaker CJ, Moreau AM, Zeng X, Hooper JW, Dyer DN, Frick OM, Koehler JW, Kearney BJ, DiPinto N, Liu J, Tostenson SD, Clements TL, Smith JM, Johnson JA, Berrier KL, Esham HL, Delp KL, Coyne SR, Bloomfield HA, Kuehnert PA, Akers K, Gibson KM, Minogue TD, Nalca A, Pitt MLM. Exposure Route Influences Disease Severity in the COVID-19 Cynomolgus Macaque Model. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051013. [PMID: 35632755 PMCID: PMC9145782 DOI: 10.3390/v14051013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent pandemic has highlighted the need for animal models that faithfully replicate the salient features of COVID-19 disease in humans. These models are necessary for the rapid selection, testing, and evaluation of potential medical countermeasures. Here, we performed a direct comparison of two distinct routes of SARS-CoV-2 exposure—combined intratracheal/intranasal and small particle aerosol—in two nonhuman primate species, rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. While all four experimental groups displayed very few outward clinical signs, evidence of mild to moderate respiratory disease was present on radiographs and at necropsy. Cynomolgus macaques exposed via the aerosol route also developed the most consistent fever responses and had the most severe respiratory disease and pathology. This study demonstrates that while all four models produced suitable representations of mild COVID-like illness, aerosol exposure of cynomolgus macaques to SARS-CoV-2 produced the most severe disease, which may provide additional clinical endpoints for evaluating therapeutics and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L. Bixler
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.W.H.); (J.M.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.L.B.); (M.L.M.P.); Tel.: +1-301-619-3014 (S.L.B.); +1-301-619-4230 (M.L.M.P.)
| | - Christopher P. Stefan
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Alexandra N. Jay
- Veterinary Medicine Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.N.J.); (F.D.R.); (D.N.D.); (O.M.F.); (K.L.B.); (H.L.E.)
| | - Franco D. Rossi
- Veterinary Medicine Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.N.J.); (F.D.R.); (D.N.D.); (O.M.F.); (K.L.B.); (H.L.E.)
| | - Keersten M. Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Charles J. Shoemaker
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Alicia M. Moreau
- Pathology Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.M.M.); (X.Z.); (N.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- Pathology Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.M.M.); (X.Z.); (N.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Jay W. Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.W.H.); (J.M.S.)
| | - David N. Dyer
- Veterinary Medicine Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.N.J.); (F.D.R.); (D.N.D.); (O.M.F.); (K.L.B.); (H.L.E.)
| | - Ondraya M. Frick
- Veterinary Medicine Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.N.J.); (F.D.R.); (D.N.D.); (O.M.F.); (K.L.B.); (H.L.E.)
| | - Jeffrey W. Koehler
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Brian J. Kearney
- Core Laboratory Services, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (B.J.K.); (S.D.T.); (J.A.J.); (H.A.B.); (K.A.); (K.M.G.)
| | - Nina DiPinto
- Pathology Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.M.M.); (X.Z.); (N.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Jun Liu
- Pathology Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.M.M.); (X.Z.); (N.D.); (J.L.)
| | - Samantha D. Tostenson
- Core Laboratory Services, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (B.J.K.); (S.D.T.); (J.A.J.); (H.A.B.); (K.A.); (K.M.G.)
| | - Tamara L. Clements
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Smith
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.W.H.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Joshua A. Johnson
- Core Laboratory Services, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (B.J.K.); (S.D.T.); (J.A.J.); (H.A.B.); (K.A.); (K.M.G.)
| | - Kerry L. Berrier
- Veterinary Medicine Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.N.J.); (F.D.R.); (D.N.D.); (O.M.F.); (K.L.B.); (H.L.E.)
| | - Heather L. Esham
- Veterinary Medicine Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.N.J.); (F.D.R.); (D.N.D.); (O.M.F.); (K.L.B.); (H.L.E.)
| | - Korey L. Delp
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Susan R. Coyne
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Holly A. Bloomfield
- Core Laboratory Services, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (B.J.K.); (S.D.T.); (J.A.J.); (H.A.B.); (K.A.); (K.M.G.)
| | - Paul A. Kuehnert
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Kristen Akers
- Core Laboratory Services, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (B.J.K.); (S.D.T.); (J.A.J.); (H.A.B.); (K.A.); (K.M.G.)
| | - Kathleen M. Gibson
- Core Laboratory Services, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (B.J.K.); (S.D.T.); (J.A.J.); (H.A.B.); (K.A.); (K.M.G.)
| | - Timothy D. Minogue
- Diagnostic Systems Division, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.P.S.); (K.M.R.); (C.J.S.); (J.W.K.); (T.L.C.); (K.L.D.); (S.R.C.); (P.A.K.); (T.D.M.)
| | - Aysegul Nalca
- Core Support Directorate, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Margaret L. M. Pitt
- Office of the Science Advisor, USAMRIID, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
- Correspondence: (S.L.B.); (M.L.M.P.); Tel.: +1-301-619-3014 (S.L.B.); +1-301-619-4230 (M.L.M.P.)
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7
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Johnston SC, Ricks KM, Lakhal-Naouar I, Jay A, Subra C, Raymond JL, King HAD, Rossi F, Clements TL, Fetterer D, Tostenson S, Cincotta CM, Hack HR, Kuklis C, Soman S, King J, Peachman KK, Kim D, Chen WH, Sankhala RS, Martinez EJ, Hajduczki A, Chang WC, Choe M, Thomas PV, Peterson CE, Anderson A, Swafford I, Currier JR, Paquin-Proulx D, Jagodzinski LL, Matyas GR, Rao M, Gromowski GD, Peel SA, White L, Smith JM, Hooper JW, Michael NL, Modjarrad K, Joyce MG, Nalca A, Bolton DL, Pitt MLM. A SARS-CoV-2 Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle Vaccine Is Protective and Promotes a Strong Immunological Response in the Cynomolgus Macaque Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Model. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050717. [PMID: 35632473 PMCID: PMC9145473 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a staggering impact on social, economic, and public health systems worldwide. Vaccine development and mobilization against SARS-CoV-2 (the etiologic agent of COVID-19) has been rapid. However, novel strategies are still necessary to slow the pandemic, and this includes new approaches to vaccine development and/or delivery that will improve vaccination compliance and demonstrate efficacy against emerging variants. Here, we report on the immunogenicity and efficacy of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine comprising stabilized, pre-fusion spike protein trimers displayed on a ferritin nanoparticle (SpFN) adjuvanted with either conventional aluminum hydroxide or the Army Liposomal Formulation QS-21 (ALFQ) in a cynomolgus macaque COVID-19 model. Vaccination resulted in robust cell-mediated and humoral responses and a significant reduction in lung lesions following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The strength of the immune response suggests that dose sparing through reduced or single dosing in primates may be possible with this vaccine. Overall, the data support further evaluation of SpFN as a SARS-CoV-2 protein-based vaccine candidate with attention to fractional dosing and schedule optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C. Johnston
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.M.S.); (J.W.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Keersten M. Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (K.M.R.); (T.L.C.)
| | - Ines Lakhal-Naouar
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (K.K.P.); (L.L.J.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Alexandra Jay
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.J.); (F.R.); (D.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Caroline Subra
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Jo Lynne Raymond
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Hannah A. D. King
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Franco Rossi
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.J.); (F.R.); (D.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Tamara L. Clements
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (K.M.R.); (T.L.C.)
| | - David Fetterer
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.J.); (F.R.); (D.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Samantha Tostenson
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Camila Macedo Cincotta
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (K.K.P.); (L.L.J.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Holly R. Hack
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (K.K.P.); (L.L.J.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Caitlin Kuklis
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (C.K.); (S.S.); (J.K.); (J.R.C.); (G.D.G.)
| | - Sandrine Soman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (C.K.); (S.S.); (J.K.); (J.R.C.); (G.D.G.)
| | - Jocelyn King
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (C.K.); (S.S.); (J.K.); (J.R.C.); (G.D.G.)
| | - Kristina K. Peachman
- Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (K.K.P.); (L.L.J.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Dohoon Kim
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Rajeshwer S. Sankhala
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Elizabeth J. Martinez
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Agnes Hajduczki
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - William C. Chang
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Misook Choe
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Paul V. Thomas
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Caroline E. Peterson
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Alexander Anderson
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Isabella Swafford
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Jeffrey R. Currier
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (C.K.); (S.S.); (J.K.); (J.R.C.); (G.D.G.)
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Linda L. Jagodzinski
- Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (K.K.P.); (L.L.J.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Gary R. Matyas
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Mangala Rao
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Gregory D. Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (C.K.); (S.S.); (J.K.); (J.R.C.); (G.D.G.)
| | - Sheila A. Peel
- Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (K.K.P.); (L.L.J.); (S.A.P.)
| | - Lauren White
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (A.J.); (F.R.); (D.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Smith
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.M.S.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Jay W. Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.M.S.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Nelson L. Michael
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - M. Gordon Joyce
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Aysegul Nalca
- Core Support Directorate, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Diane L. Bolton
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; (I.L.-N.); (C.S.); (H.A.D.K.); (C.M.C.); (H.R.H.); (D.K.); (W.-H.C.); (R.S.S.); (E.J.M.); (A.H.); (W.C.C.); (M.C.); (P.V.T.); (C.E.P.); (A.A.); (I.S.); (D.P.-P.); (M.G.J.); (D.L.B.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (G.R.M.); (M.R.)
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;
| | - Margaret L. M. Pitt
- Office of the Science Advisor, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
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8
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Uprichard SL, O’Brien A, Evdokimova M, Rowe CL, Joyce C, Hackbart M, Cruz-Pulido YE, Cohen CA, Rock ML, Dye JM, Kuehnert P, Ricks KM, Casper M, Linhart L, Anderson K, Kirk L, Maggiore JA, Herbert AS, Clark NM, Reid GE, Baker SC. Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in COVID-19-naïve and Experienced Individuals. Viruses 2022; 14:370. [PMID: 35215962 PMCID: PMC8878640 DOI: 10.3390/v14020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the magnitude of responses to vaccination during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is essential for ultimate mitigation of the disease. Here, we describe a cohort of 102 subjects (70 COVID-19-naïve, 32 COVID-19-experienced) who received two doses of one of the mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna)). We document that a single exposure to antigen via infection or vaccination induces a variable antibody response which is affected by age, gender, race, and co-morbidities. In response to a second antigen dose, both COVID-19-naïve and experienced subjects exhibited elevated levels of anti-spike and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity; however, COVID-19-experienced individuals achieved higher antibody levels and neutralization activity as a group. The COVID-19-experienced subjects exhibited no significant increase in antibody or neutralization titer in response to the second vaccine dose (i.e., third antigen exposure). Finally, we found that COVID-19-naïve individuals who received the Moderna vaccine exhibited a more robust boost response to the second vaccine dose (p = 0.004) as compared to the response to Pfizer-BioNTech. Ongoing studies with this cohort will continue to contribute to our understanding of the range and durability of responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. Uprichard
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (M.C.); (L.L.); (K.A.); (L.K.); (N.M.C.); (G.E.R.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (A.O.); (M.E.); (C.L.R.); (M.H.); (Y.E.C.-P.); (S.C.B.)
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Amornrat O’Brien
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (A.O.); (M.E.); (C.L.R.); (M.H.); (Y.E.C.-P.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Monika Evdokimova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (A.O.); (M.E.); (C.L.R.); (M.H.); (Y.E.C.-P.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Cynthia L. Rowe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (A.O.); (M.E.); (C.L.R.); (M.H.); (Y.E.C.-P.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Cara Joyce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA;
| | - Matthew Hackbart
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (A.O.); (M.E.); (C.L.R.); (M.H.); (Y.E.C.-P.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Yazmin E. Cruz-Pulido
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (A.O.); (M.E.); (C.L.R.); (M.H.); (Y.E.C.-P.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Courtney A. Cohen
- Viral Immunology Branch, Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.A.C.); (M.L.R.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
- The Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98042, USA
| | - Michelle L. Rock
- Viral Immunology Branch, Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.A.C.); (M.L.R.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
- The Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98042, USA
| | - John M. Dye
- Viral Immunology Branch, Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.A.C.); (M.L.R.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Paul Kuehnert
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (P.K.); (K.M.R.)
| | - Keersten M. Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (P.K.); (K.M.R.)
| | - Marybeth Casper
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (M.C.); (L.L.); (K.A.); (L.K.); (N.M.C.); (G.E.R.)
| | - Lori Linhart
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (M.C.); (L.L.); (K.A.); (L.K.); (N.M.C.); (G.E.R.)
| | - Katrina Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (M.C.); (L.L.); (K.A.); (L.K.); (N.M.C.); (G.E.R.)
| | - Laura Kirk
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (M.C.); (L.L.); (K.A.); (L.K.); (N.M.C.); (G.E.R.)
| | - Jack A. Maggiore
- Department of Pathology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA;
| | - Andrew S. Herbert
- Viral Immunology Branch, Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (C.A.C.); (M.L.R.); (J.M.D.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Nina M. Clark
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (M.C.); (L.L.); (K.A.); (L.K.); (N.M.C.); (G.E.R.)
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Gail E. Reid
- Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (M.C.); (L.L.); (K.A.); (L.K.); (N.M.C.); (G.E.R.)
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Susan C. Baker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; (A.O.); (M.E.); (C.L.R.); (M.H.); (Y.E.C.-P.); (S.C.B.)
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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9
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Golden JW, Zeng X, Cline CR, Garrison AR, White LE, Fitzpatrick CJ, Kwilas SA, Bowling PA, Fiallos JO, Moore JL, Sifford WB, Ricks KM, Mucker EM, Smith JM, Hooper JW. Human convalescent plasma protects K18-hACE2 mice against severe respiratory disease. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33961540 PMCID: PMC8295914 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19 and human infections have resulted in a global health emergency. Small animal models that reproduce key elements of SARS-CoV-2 human infections are needed to rigorously screen candidate drugs to mitigate severe disease and prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. We and others have reported that transgenic mice expressing the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) viral receptor under the control of the Keratin 18 (K18) promoter develop severe and lethal respiratory disease subsequent to SARS-CoV-2 intranasal challenge. Here we report that some infected mice that survive challenge have residual pulmonary damages and persistent brain infection on day 28 post-infection despite the presence of anti-SARS-COV-2 neutralizing antibodies. Because of the hypersensitivity of K18-hACE2 mice to SARS-CoV-2 and the propensity of virus to infect the brain, we sought to determine if anti-infective biologics could protect against disease in this model system. We demonstrate that anti-SARS-CoV-2 human convalescent plasma protects K18-hACE2 against severe disease. All control mice succumbed to disease by day 7; however, all treated mice survived infection without observable signs of disease. In marked contrast to control mice, viral antigen and lesions were reduced or absent from lungs and absent in brains of antibody-treated mice. Our findings support the use of K18-hACE2 mice for protective efficacy studies of anti-SARS-CoV-2 medical countermeasures (MCMs). They also support the use of this system to study SARS-CoV-2 persistence and host recovery.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Lung Injury/prevention & control
- Acute Lung Injury/virology
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Brain/pathology
- Brain/virology
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/pathology
- COVID-19/therapy
- COVID-19/virology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Humans
- Immunization, Passive
- Lung/pathology
- Lung/virology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Receptors, Coronavirus/genetics
- Receptors, Coronavirus/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification
- SARS-CoV-2/physiology
- Severity of Illness Index
- Viral Load
- Virus Replication
- COVID-19 Serotherapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Golden
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Curtis R Cline
- Pathology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Aura R Garrison
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Lauren E White
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Collin J Fitzpatrick
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Steven A Kwilas
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Philip A Bowling
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jimmy O Fiallos
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Joshua L Moore
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Willie B Sifford
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Keersten M Ricks
- Diagnostic Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Eric M Mucker
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Smith
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jay W Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
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10
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Abstract
Purpose of Review This review is aimed at highlighting recent research and articles on the complicated relationship between virus, vector, and host and how biosurveillance at each level informs disease spread and risk. Recent Findings While human cases of CCHFV and tick identification in non-endemic areas in 2019–2020 were reported to sites such as ProMed, there is a gap in recent published literature on these and broader CCHFV surveillance efforts from the late 2010s. Summary A review of the complex aspects of CCHFV maintenance in the environment coupled with high fatality rate and lack of vaccines and therapeutics warrants the need for a One-Health approach toward detection and increased biosurveillance programs for CCHFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Kuehnert
- Diagnostic Systems Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Christopher P Stefan
- Diagnostic Systems Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Catherine V Badger
- Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
| | - Keersten M Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA
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11
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Johnston SC, Ricks KM, Jay A, Raymond JL, Rossi F, Zeng X, Scruggs J, Dyer D, Frick O, Koehler JW, Kuehnert PA, Clements TL, Shoemaker CJ, Coyne SR, Delp KL, Moore J, Berrier K, Esham H, Shamblin J, Sifford W, Fiallos J, Klosterman L, Stevens S, White L, Bowling P, Garcia T, Jensen C, Ghering J, Nyakiti D, Bellanca S, Kearney B, Giles W, Alli N, Paz F, Akers K, Danner D, Barth J, Johnson JA, Durant M, Kim R, Hooper JW, Smith JM, Kugelman JR, Beitzel BF, Gibson KM, Pitt MLM, Minogue TD, Nalca A. Development of a coronavirus disease 2019 nonhuman primate model using airborne exposure. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246366. [PMID: 33529233 PMCID: PMC7853502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Airborne transmission is predicted to be a prevalent route of human exposure with SARS-CoV-2. Aside from African green monkeys, nonhuman primate models that replicate airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 have not been investigated. A comparative evaluation of COVID-19 in African green monkeys, rhesus macaques, and cynomolgus macaques following airborne exposure to SARS-CoV-2 was performed to determine critical disease parameters associated with disease progression, and establish correlations between primate and human COVID-19. Respiratory abnormalities and viral shedding were noted for all animals, indicating successful infection. Cynomolgus macaques developed fever, and thrombocytopenia was measured for African green monkeys and rhesus macaques. Type II pneumocyte hyperplasia and alveolar fibrosis were more frequently observed in lung tissue from cynomolgus macaques and African green monkeys. The data indicate that, in addition to African green monkeys, macaques can be successfully infected by airborne SARS-CoV-2, providing viable macaque natural transmission models for medical countermeasure evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C. Johnston
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Keersten M. Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Jay
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jo Lynne Raymond
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Franco Rossi
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Scruggs
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Dyer
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ondraya Frick
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey W. Koehler
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Paul A. Kuehnert
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tamara L. Clements
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charles J. Shoemaker
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Susan R. Coyne
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Korey L. Delp
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua Moore
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kerry Berrier
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Heather Esham
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua Shamblin
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Willie Sifford
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jimmy Fiallos
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Leslie Klosterman
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen Stevens
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lauren White
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Philip Bowling
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Terrence Garcia
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christopher Jensen
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeanean Ghering
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Nyakiti
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Bellanca
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brian Kearney
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wendy Giles
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nazira Alli
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Fabian Paz
- Veterinary Medicine Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kristen Akers
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Denise Danner
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - James Barth
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua A. Johnson
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew Durant
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ruth Kim
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jay W. Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey M. Smith
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R. Kugelman
- Molecular Biology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brett F. Beitzel
- Molecular Biology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M. Gibson
- Core Laboratory Services Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Margaret L. M. Pitt
- Office of the Science Advisor, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Timothy D. Minogue
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Aysegul Nalca
- Core Support Directorate, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
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12
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Ricks KM, Shoemaker CJ, Dupuy LC, Flusin O, Voorhees MA, Fulmer AN, Badger CV, Schmaljohn CS, Schoepp RJ. Development of a bead-based immunoassay using virus-like particles for detection of alphaviral humoral response. J Virol Methods 2019; 270:12-17. [PMID: 30998959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
There is a pressing need for sustainable and sensitive immunodiagnostics for use in public health efforts to understand and combat the threat of endemic and emerging infectious diseases. In this proof-of-concept work, we describe an immunodiagnostic approach based on the utilization of virus-like particles (VLPs) in a magnetic bead-based platform for multiplexed detection of antiviral humoral response. A retroviral-based VLP, that presents Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus E1/E2 glycoprotein antigen on its surface, was synthesized and coupled to magnetic beads to create VLP-conjugated microspheres (VCMs). Using these VCMs, IgM and IgG antibodies were detectable in nonhuman primate (NHP) and human clinical serum samples at dilutions of 1 × 10 Basile et al. [4] and greater. We also extended the VCM methodology to an Old World alphavirus, chikungunya virus, demonstrating the flexibility of this approach toward different VLP architectures. When multiplexed on the MAGPIX® platform, this method provided differential detection between Old World and New World alphaviral IgM. This flexible, immunodiagnostic method, based on the MAGPIX® platform, demonstrates compatibility of particulate antigens with bead-based assays, improves sensitivity by up to 2-logs, and has faster sample-to-answer time over traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keersten M Ricks
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles J Shoemaker
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Lesley C Dupuy
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Olivier Flusin
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew A Voorhees
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ashley N Fulmer
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Catherine V Badger
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Connie S Schmaljohn
- Headquarters, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
| | - Randal J Schoepp
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
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13
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Bauer WS, Richardson KA, Adams NM, Ricks KM, Gasperino DJ, Ghionea SJ, Rosen M, Nichols KP, Weigl BH, Haselton FR, Wright DW. Rapid concentration and elution of malarial antigen histidine-rich protein II using solid phase Zn(II) resin in a simple flow-through pipette tip format. Biomicrofluidics 2017; 11:034115. [PMID: 28652885 PMCID: PMC5457299 DOI: 10.1063/1.4984788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) designed to function at the point of care are becoming more prevalent in malaria diagnostics because of their low cost and simplicity. While many of these tests function effectively with high parasite density samples, their poor sensitivity can often lead to misdiagnosis when parasitemia falls below 100 parasites/μl. In this study, a flow-through pipette-based column was explored as a cost-effective means to capture and elute more Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II (HRPII) antigen, concentrating the biomarker available in large-volume lysed whole blood samples into volumes compatible with Plasmodium falciparum-specific RDTs. A systematic investigation of immobilized metal affinity chromatography divalent metal species and solid phase supports established the optimal design parameters necessary to create a flow-through column incorporated into a standard pipette tip. The bidirectional flow inherent to this format maximizes mixing efficiency so that in less than 5 min of sample processing, the test band signal intensity was increased up to a factor of twelve from HRPII concentrations as low as 25 pM. In addition, the limit of detection per sample was decreased by a factor of five when compared to the RDT manufacturer's suggested protocol. Both the development process and commercial viability of this application are explored, serving as a potential model for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Westley S Bauer
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Kelly A Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Nicholas M Adams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Keersten M Ricks
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - David J Gasperino
- Intellectual Ventures Laboratory, 14360 SE Eastgate Way, Bellevue, Washington 98007, USA
| | - Simon J Ghionea
- Intellectual Ventures Laboratory, 14360 SE Eastgate Way, Bellevue, Washington 98007, USA
| | - Mathew Rosen
- Intellectual Ventures Laboratory, 14360 SE Eastgate Way, Bellevue, Washington 98007, USA
| | - Kevin P Nichols
- Intellectual Ventures Laboratory, 14360 SE Eastgate Way, Bellevue, Washington 98007, USA
| | - Bernhard H Weigl
- Intellectual Ventures Laboratory, 14360 SE Eastgate Way, Bellevue, Washington 98007, USA
| | | | - David W Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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14
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Markwalter CF, Ricks KM, Bitting AL, Mudenda L, Wright DW. Simultaneous capture and sequential detection of two malarial biomarkers on magnetic microparticles. Talanta 2016; 161:443-449. [PMID: 27769430 PMCID: PMC5080451 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a rapid magnetic microparticle-based detection strategy for malarial biomarkers Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) and Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II (PfHRPII). In this assay, magnetic particles functionalized with antibodies specific for pLDH and PfHRPII as well as detection antibodies with distinct enzymes for each biomarker are added to parasitized lysed blood samples. Sandwich complexes for pLDH and PfHRPII form on the surface of the magnetic beads, which are washed and sequentially re-suspended in detection enzyme substrate for each antigen. The developed simultaneous capture and sequential detection (SCSD) assay detects both biomarkers in samples as low as 2.0 parasites/µl, an order of magnitude below commercially available ELISA kits, has a total incubation time of 35 min, and was found to be reproducible between users over time. This assay provides a simple and efficient alternative to traditional 96-well plate ELISAs, which take 5–8 h to complete and are limited to one analyte. Further, the modularity of the magnetic bead-based SCSD ELISA format could serve as a platform for application to other diseases for which multi-biomarker detection is advantageous. Rapid, magnetic microparticle-based detection of pLDH and PfHRPII from one sample. Detection of both biomarkers is critical in the context of malaria elimination. Total incubation time of 35 min. LODs an order of magnitude below commercial ELISA kits, within asymptomatic regime. Reproducible across users over time, and simple enough for novice users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine F Markwalter
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Keersten M Ricks
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Anna L Bitting
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Lwiindi Mudenda
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - David W Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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15
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Ricks KM, Adams NM, Scherr TF, Haselton FR, Wright DW. Direct transfer of HRPII-magnetic bead complexes to malaria rapid diagnostic tests significantly improves test sensitivity. Malar J 2016; 15:399. [PMID: 27495329 PMCID: PMC4975893 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The characteristic ease of use, rapid time to result, and low cost of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) promote their widespread use at the point-of-care for malaria detection and surveillance. However, in many settings, the success of malaria elimination campaigns depends on point-of-care diagnostics with greater sensitivity than currently available RDTs. To address this need, a sample preparation method was developed to deliver more biomarkers onto a malaria RDT by concentrating the biomarker from blood sample volumes that are too large to be directly applied to a lateral flow strip. Methods In this design, Ni–NTA-functionalized magnetic beads captured the Plasmodium falciparum biomarker HRPII from a P. falciparum D6 culture spiked blood sample. This transfer of magnetic beads to the RDT was facilitated by an inexpensive 3D-printed apparatus that aligned the sample tube with the sample deposition pad and a magnet beneath the RDT. Biomarkers were released from the bead surface onto the lateral flow strip using imidazole-spiked running buffer. Kinetics of HRPII binding to the Ni–NTA beads as a function of blood sample volume were explored prior to determining the effect of the proposed method on the limit of detection of Paracheck RDTs. Results More than 80 % of HRPII biomarkers were extracted from blood sample volumes ranging from 25 to 250 µL. The time required to reach 80 % binding ranged from 5 to 60 min, depending on sample volume. Using 250 μL of blood and a 30-min biomarker binding time, the limit of detection of the Paracheck Pf RDT brand was improved by 21-fold, resulting in a limit of detection below 1 parasite/μL. Conclusions This approach has the sensitivity and simplicity required to assist in malaria elimination campaigns in settings with limited access to clinical and laboratory resources. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1448-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keersten M Ricks
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Nicholas M Adams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Thomas F Scherr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Frederick R Haselton
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - David W Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
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