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Barden A, Shinde S, Beilin LJ, Phillips M, Adams L, Bollmann S, Mori TA. Adiposity associates with lower plasma resolvin E1 (Rve1): a population study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:725-732. [PMID: 38347128 PMCID: PMC11058310 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inadequate inflammation resolution may contribute to persistent low-grade inflammation that accompanies many chronic conditions. Resolution of inflammation is an active process driven by Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPM) that derive from long chain n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. This study examined plasma SPM in relation to sex differences, lifestyle and a broad range cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in 978, 27-year olds from the Australian Raine Study. METHODS Plasma SPM pathway intermediates (18-HEPE, 17-HDHA and 14-HDHA), and SPM (E- and D-series resolvins, PD1, MaR1) and LTB4 were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMSMS). Pearson correlations and multiple regression analyses assessed relationships between SPM and CVD risk factors. Unpaired t-tests or ANOVA assessed the effect of sex, smoking, unhealthy alcohol consumption and obesity on SPM. RESULTS Women had higher 17-HDHA (p = 0.01) and lower RvE1 (p < 0.0001) and RvD1 (p = 0.05) levels compared with men. In univariate analysis, obesity associated with lower RvE1 (p = 0.002), whereas smoking (p < 0.001) and higher alcohol consumption (p < 0.001) associated with increased RvE1. In multiple regression analysis, plasma RvE1 was negatively associated with a range of measures of adiposity including BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, abdominal subcutaneous fat volume, and skinfold thicknesses in both men and women. CONCLUSION This population study suggests that a deficiency in plasma RvE1 may occur in response to increasing adiposity. This observation could be relevant to ongoing inflammation that associates with CVD and other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Barden
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Sujata Shinde
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michael Phillips
- Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Leon Adams
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Steffen Bollmann
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Hussain SM, Tonkin AM, Watts GF, Lacaze P, Yu C, Beilin LJ, Zhou Z, Newman AB, Neumann JT, Tran C, McNeil JJ. Sex-dependent associations of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and mortality risk in healthy older men and women: two prospective cohort studies. GeroScience 2024; 46:1461-1475. [PMID: 37610595 PMCID: PMC10828260 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between high plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and cause and mortality are not well established in healthy older people. This study examined the associations between HDL-C levels and mortality in initially healthy older men and women. This analysis included participants from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE; n=18,668) trial and a matched cohort from the UK Biobank (UKB; n=62,849 ≥65 years). Cox regression was used to examine hazard ratios between HDL-C categories <1.03 mmol/L, 1.03-1.55 mmol/L (referent category), 1.55-2.07 mmol/L, and >2.07 mmol/L and all-cause, cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and "non-cancer non-CVD" mortality. Genetic contributions were assessed using a polygenic score for HDL-C. Among ASPREE participants (aged 75±5 years), 1836 deaths occurred over a mean follow-up of 6.3±1.8 years. In men, the highest category of HDL-C levels was associated with increased risk of all-cause (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.26-2.03), cancer (HR 1.37, 95% CI 0.96-2.00), and "non-cancer non-CVD" mortality (HR 2.35, 95% CI 1.41-3.42) but not CVD mortality (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.60-1.94). The associations were replicated among UKB participants (aged 66.9±1.5 years), including 8739 deaths over a mean follow-up of 12.7±0.8 years. There was a non-linear association between HDL-C levels and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. The association between HDL-C levels and mortality was unrelated to variations in the HDL-C polygenic score. No significant association was found between HDL-C levels and mortality in women. Higher HDL-C levels are associated with increased risk from cancer and "non-cancer non-CVD" mortality in healthy older men but no such relationship was observed in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Monira Hussain
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Paul Lacaze
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chenglong Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Zhen Zhou
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Anne B Newman
- Center for Aging and Population Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Johannes T Neumann
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center (UHZ), Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cammie Tran
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Zhou Z, Tonkin AM, Curtis AJ, Murray A, Zhu C, Reid CM, Williamson JD, Ryan J, McNeil JJ, Beilin LJ, Ernst ME, Stocks N, Lacaze P, Shah RC, Woods RL, Wolfe R, Gall S, Zoungas S, Orchard SG, Nelson MR. Low-Density-Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Mortality Outcomes Among Healthy Older Adults: A Post Hoc Analysis of ASPREE Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glad268. [PMID: 38038339 PMCID: PMC10960624 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic implication of cholesterol levels in older adults remains uncertain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and mortality outcomes in older individuals. METHODS This post hoc analysis examined the associations of LDL-c levels with mortality risks from all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and combined non-CVD/noncancer conditions in a cohort of individuals aged ≥65 years from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly trial (NCT01038583). At baseline, participants had no diagnosed dementia, physical disability, or CVD, and were not taking lipid-lowering agents. Outcome analyses were performed using multivariable Cox models. RESULTS We analyzed 12 334 participants (mean age: 75.2 years). Over a median 7-year follow-up, 1 250 died. Restricted cubic splines found a U-shaped relation for LDL-c and all-cause mortality, cancer mortality, and noncancer/non-CVE mortality (nadir: 3.3-3.4 mmol/L); the risk of CVD mortality was similar at LDL-c below 3.3 mmol/L and increased above 3.3 mmol/L. Similar trends were observed in analyses modeling LDL-c by quartiles. When modeling LDL-c as a continuous variable, the risk of all-cause mortality, cancer mortality, and noncancer/non-CVD mortality was decreased by 9%, 16%, and 18%, respectively, per 1-mmol/L higher LDL-c, and the risk of CVD mortality was increased by 19% per 1-mmol/L higher LDL-c. Reduced all-cause and non-CVD/noncancer mortality risks were only significant in males but not females (pinteraction < .05). CONCLUSIONS There were U-shaped relationships between LDL-c and all-cause mortality, cancer mortality, and noncancer/non-CVD mortality in healthy older adults. Higher LDL-c levels were associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality. Future studies are warranted to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhou
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea J Curtis
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne Murray
- Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeff D Williamson
- Sticht Center on Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael E Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nigel Stocks
- Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul Lacaze
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raj C Shah
- Department of Family Medicine and Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robyn L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Seana Gall
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sophia Zoungas
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark R Nelson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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4
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Guirette M, Lan J, McKeown NM, Brown MR, Chen H, de Vries PS, Kim H, Rebholz CM, Morrison AC, Bartz TM, Fretts AM, Guo X, Lemaitre RN, Liu CT, Noordam R, de Mutsert R, Rosendaal FR, Wang CA, Beilin LJ, Mori TA, Oddy WH, Pennell CE, Chai JF, Whitton C, van Dam RM, Liu J, Tai ES, Sim X, Neuhouser ML, Kooperberg C, Tinker LF, Franceschini N, Huan T, Winkler TW, Bentley AR, Gauderman WJ, Heerkens L, Tanaka T, van Rooij J, Munroe PB, Warren HR, Voortman T, Chen H, Rao DC, Levy D, Ma J. Genome-Wide Interaction Analysis With DASH Diet Score Identified Novel Loci for Systolic Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2024; 81:552-560. [PMID: 38226488 PMCID: PMC10922535 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score lowers blood pressure (BP). We examined interactions between genotype and the DASH diet score in relation to systolic BP. METHODS We analyzed up to 9 420 585 single nucleotide polymorphisms in up to 127 282 individuals of 6 population groups (91% of European population) from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium (n=35 660) and UK Biobank (n=91 622) and performed European population-specific and cross-population meta-analyses. RESULTS We identified 3 loci in European-specific analyses and an additional 4 loci in cross-population analyses at Pinteraction<5e-8. We observed a consistent interaction between rs117878928 at 15q25.1 (minor allele frequency, 0.03) and the DASH diet score (Pinteraction=4e-8; P for heterogeneity, 0.35) in European population, where the interaction effect size was 0.42±0.09 mm Hg (Pinteraction=9.4e-7) and 0.20±0.06 mm Hg (Pinteraction=0.001) in Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology and the UK Biobank, respectively. The 1 Mb region surrounding rs117878928 was enriched with cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) variants (P=4e-273) and cis-DNA methylation quantitative trait loci variants (P=1e-300). Although the closest gene for rs117878928 is MTHFS, the highest narrow sense heritability accounted by single nucleotide polymorphisms potentially interacting with the DASH diet score in this locus was for gene ST20 at 15q25.1. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated gene-DASH diet score interaction effects on systolic BP in several loci. Studies with larger diverse populations are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Guirette
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (M.G., J.L., J.M.)
| | - Jessie Lan
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (M.G., J.L., J.M.)
| | - Nicola M McKeown
- Programs of Nutrition, Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, MA (N.M.M.)
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.R.B., H.C., P.S.d.V., A.C.M.)
| | - Han Chen
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.R.B., H.C., P.S.d.V., A.C.M.)
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.R.B., H.C., P.S.d.V., A.C.M.)
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology (H.K., A.M.F.), Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (C.M.R.)
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.R.B., H.C., P.S.d.V., A.C.M.)
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine (T.M.B.), Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology (H.K., A.M.F.), Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles, Torrance, CA (X.G.)
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine (R.N.L.), Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (C.-T.L.)
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics (R.N.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (R.d.M., F.R.R.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (R.d.M., F.R.R.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P)
- Mothers' and Babies' Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P.)
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley (L.J.B., T.A.M.)
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley (L.J.B., T.A.M.)
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia (W.H.O.)
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P)
- Mothers' and Babies' Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P.)
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
| | - Clare Whitton
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (C.W.)
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University (R.M.v.D.)
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (J.L.)
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (E.S.T.)
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA (M.L.N., C.K., L.F.T.)
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA (M.L.N., C.K., L.F.T.)
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA (M.L.N., C.K., L.F.T.)
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (N.F.)
| | - TianXiao Huan
- Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, MA (T.H., D.L.)
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Germany (T.W.W.)
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (A.R.B.)
| | - W James Gauderman
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California (W.J.G.)
| | - Luc Heerkens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands (L.H.)
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD (T.T.)
| | - Jeroen van Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine (J.v.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology & Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (P.B.M., H.R.W.)
| | - Helen R Warren
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology & Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (P.B.M., H.R.W.)
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology (T.V.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Honglei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing (H.C.)
| | - D C Rao
- Center for Biostatistics and Data Science, Institute for Informatics, Data Science, and Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (D.C.R.)
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, MA (T.H., D.L.)
| | - Jiantao Ma
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (M.G., J.L., J.M.)
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5
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Hussain SM, Seeman E, Schneider HG, Ebeling PR, Barker AL, Polkinghorne K, Newman AB, Yu C, Lacaze P, Owen A, Tran C, Nelson MR, Woods RL, Yeap BB, Clark D, Beilin LJ, McNeil JJ. Association of serum phosphate, calcium and alkaline phosphatase with risk of incident fractures in healthy older adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae099. [PMID: 38426788 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging increases fracture risk through bone loss and microarchitecture deterioration due to an age-related imbalance in bone resorption and formation during bone remodelling. We examined the associations between levels of phosphate, calcium, and alkaline phosphatase, and fracture risk in initially-healthy older individuals. METHODS A post-hoc analysis of the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial recruited 16,703 Australian participants aged ≥70 years and 2,411 US participants aged ≥65 years. Analyses were conducted on ASPREE-Fracture substudy participants from Australia with serum calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase measurement. Fracture data were collected post-randomization. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Phosphate, calcium, and alkaline phosphatase were analysed in deciles (D1-D10), with deciles 4-7 (31-70%) as the reference category. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to identify nonlinear associations. RESULTS Of the 9915 participants, 907 (9·2%) persons had incident fractures recorded over 3·9 (SD 1·4) years. In the fully adjusted model, males in the top decile (D10) of phosphate had 78% higher risk of incident fracture (HR 1·78, 95% CI 1·25-2·54). No such association was observed for females (HR 1·09, 95% CI 0·83-1·44). The population attributable fraction in men within the D10 phosphate category is 6·9%. CONCLUSION This result confirms that, high-normal serum phosphate levels are associated with increased fracture risk in older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Monira Hussain
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Ego Seeman
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia
| | | | - Peter R Ebeling
- School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Anna L Barker
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
- Silverchain, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevan Polkinghorne
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
- Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Anne B Newman
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Chenglong Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Paul Lacaze
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Alice Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Cammie Tran
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Mark R Nelson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Robyn Lorraine Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Bu B Yeap
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - David Clark
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
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6
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Hussain SM, Robb C, Tonkin AM, Lacaze P, Chong TTJ, Beilin LJ, Yu C, Watts GF, Ryan J, Ernst ME, Zhou Z, Neumann JT, McNeil JJ. Association of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level with risk of incident dementia: a cohort study of healthy older adults. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2024; 43:100963. [PMID: 38456089 PMCID: PMC10920036 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Recent studies have reported associations between high plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and risk of all-cause mortality, age-related macular degeneration, sepsis and fractures, but associations with dementia risk remain unclear. To determine whether high plasma HDL-C levels are associated with increased incident dementia risk in initially-healthy older people. Methods We conducted a post-hoc analysis of the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial; a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of daily low-dose aspirin in healthy older people. ASPREE recruited 16,703 participants aged ≥70 years (from Australia) and 2411 participants aged ≥65 years (from the US) between 2010 and 2014. Participants had no diagnosed cardiovascular disease, dementia, physical disability, or life-threatening illness at enrolment and were cognitively healthy (3MS score ≥78). All-cause dementia was a primary trial endpoint, and determined by DSM-IV criteria. Cox regression was used to examine hazard ratios between HDL-C categories <40 mg/dL, 40-60 mg/dL (reference category), 60-80 mg/dL, and >80 mg/dL and dementia. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to determine nonlinear associations. Data analysis was performed from October 2022 to January 2023. Findings Of the 18,668 participants, 850 (4.6%) cases of incident dementia were recorded over 6.3 (SD 1.8) years. Participants with high HDL-C (>80 mg/dL) had a 27% higher risk of dementia (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03, 1.58). Age stratified analyses demonstrated that the risk of incident dementia was higher in participants ≥75 years compared to participants <75 years (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.10, 1.83 vs HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.68, 1.51). Associations remained significant after adjusting for covariates including age, sex, country of enrolment, daily exercise, education, alcohol consumption, weight change over time, non-HDL-C, HDL-C-PRS, and APOE genotype. Interpretation In a population of initially-healthy older adults aged ≥75 years, high HDL-C levels were associated with increased risk of all-cause dementia. Funding National Institutes of Health, USA; National Health and Medical Research Council Australia; Monash University (Melbourne, VIC, Australia); and the Victorian Cancer Agency (Australia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Monira Hussain
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Catherine Robb
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Paul Lacaze
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Trevor T.-J. Chong
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, 3181, Australia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3065, Australia
| | | | - Chenglong Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Gerald F. Watts
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Michael E. Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Zhen Zhou
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Johannes T. Neumann
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - John J. McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, 3004, Australia
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Ball J, Neumann JT, Tonkin AM, Kirchhof P, Freedman B, Brodtmann A, Reid C, Nelson MR, Beilin LJ, Fitzgerald S, Stub D, Woods RL, McNeil JJ. Low-dose aspirin and incident atrial fibrillation in healthy older individuals: a post-hoc analysis of the ASPREE trial. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2024; 10:81-82. [PMID: 37951294 PMCID: PMC10766903 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ball
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - J T Neumann
- University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg—Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - A M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - P Kirchhof
- University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg—Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - B Freedman
- Heart Rhythm and Stroke Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney 2042, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
| | - A Brodtmann
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Cognitive Health Initiative, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - C Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - M R Nelson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - L J Beilin
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - S Fitzgerald
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - D Stub
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - R L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - J J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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Alif SM, Benke GP, Ronaldson KJ, Walker-Bone K, Woods RL, Tran C, Beilin LJ, Tonkin AM, Owen AJ, McNeil JJ. Occupational characteristics and disability-free survival after retirement age: an exploratory analysis from the ASPREE study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1191343. [PMID: 38192557 PMCID: PMC10773837 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1191343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Certain occupational characteristics have been linked with poor health and reduced longevity. However, the association between occupational characteristics and survival free of disability in a post-retirement age group has not been investigated. Methods We investigated outcomes in 12,215 healthy older Australian adults in the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) and ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP) sub-study. The ISCO-88 major occupational groups, settings, and activity levels were assigned based on free-text job descriptions. The Finnish Job Exposure Matrix was used to assign occupational characteristics to the three longest-held jobs. The primary endpoint, disability-free survival, was defined as a composite measure of death, dementia, or persistent physical disability. The endpoint of all-cause mortality was analyzed separately. Because of multiple exploratory analyses, only those associations with a two-sided value of p less than 0.005 were considered statistically significant. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios. Results Having worked in an 'elementary' occupation was associated with a reduction in disability-free survival. A specific impact on disability-free survival was observed among those whose work had involved high accident risk and adverse social climate. No significant relationship was identified with those previously exposed to sedentary work, vigorous physical activity, work primarily outdoors, or a range of other occupational characteristics. All-cause mortality was not increased among any of the occupational groups. Conclusion This exploratory study found a reduction in disability-free survival among people who worked in 'elementary' occupations, with specific risks associated with occupations involving high accident risks and adverse social climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh M. Alif
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia
| | - Geza P. Benke
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathlyn J. Ronaldson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen Walker-Bone
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cammie Tran
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lawrence J. Beilin
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alice J. Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John J. McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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9
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Zhou Z, Ryan J, Tonkin AM, Zoungas S, Lacaze P, Wolfe R, Orchard SG, Murray AM, McNeil JJ, Yu C, Watts GF, Hussain SM, Beilin LJ, Ernst ME, Stocks N, Woods RL, Zhu C, Reid CM, Shah RC, Chong TTJ, Sood A, Sheets KM, Nelson MR. Association Between Triglycerides and Risk of Dementia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study. Neurology 2023; 101:e2288-e2299. [PMID: 37879942 PMCID: PMC10727221 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It has been suggested that higher triglyceride levels were associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer disease. This study aimed to examine the association of triglycerides with dementia and cognition change in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This prospective longitudinal study used data from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) randomized trial of adults aged 65 years or older without dementia or previous cardiovascular events at enrollment. The main outcome was incident dementia. Other outcomes included changes in composite cognition and domain-specific cognition (global cognition, memory, language and executive function, and psychomotor speed). The association between baseline triglycerides and dementia risk was estimated using Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for relevant risk factors. Linear mixed models were used to investigate cognitive change. The analysis was repeated in a subcohort of participants with available APOE-ε4 genetic data with additional adjustment for APOE-ε4 carrier status and an external cohort (UK Biobank) with similar selection criteria applied. RESULTS This study included 18,294 ASPREE participants and 68,200 UK Biobank participants (mean age: 75.1 and 66.9 years; female: 56.3% and 52.7%; median [interquartile range] triglyceride: 106 [80-142] mg/dL and 139 [101-193] mg/dL), with dementia recorded in 823 and 2,778 individuals over a median follow-up of 6.4 and 12.5 years, respectively. Higher triglyceride levels were associated with lower dementia risk in the entire ASPREE cohort (hazard ratio [HR] with doubling of triglyceride: 0.82, 95% CI 0.72-0.94). Findings were similar in the subcohort of participants with APOE-ε4 genetic data (n = 13,976) and in the UK Biobank cohort (HR was 0.82 and 0.83, respectively, all p ≤ 0.01). Higher triglycerides were also associated with slower decline in composite cognition and memory over time (p ≤ 0.05). DISCUSSION Older adults with higher triglyceride levels within the normal to high-normal range had a lower dementia risk and slower cognitive decline over time compared with individuals with lower triglyceride levels. Higher triglyceride levels may be reflective of better overall health and/or lifestyle behaviors that would protect against dementia development. Future studies are warranted to investigate whether specific components within the total circulating pool of plasma triglycerides may promote better cognitive function, with the hope of informing the development of new preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhou
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
| | - Joanne Ryan
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Sophia Zoungas
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Paul Lacaze
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Anne M Murray
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Chenglong Yu
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Sultana Monira Hussain
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Michael E Ernst
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Nigel Stocks
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Chao Zhu
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Raj C Shah
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Trevor T-J Chong
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Ajay Sood
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kerry M Sheets
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Mark R Nelson
- From the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.Z., J.R., A.M.T., S.Z., P.L., R.W., S.G.O., J.J.M., C.Y., S.M.H., R.L.W.), Central Clinical School (C.Z.), and Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health (T.T.-J.C.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research (A.M.M.), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, MN; School of Medicine (G.F.W., L.J.B.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (M.E.E.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City; Discipline of General Practice (N.S.), University of Adelaide, South Australia; School of Population Health (C.M.R.), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (R.C.S., A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Division of Geriatric Medicine (K.M.S.), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN; and Menzies Institute for Medical Research (M.R.N.), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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10
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Robb C, Carr PR, Ball J, Owen A, Beilin LJ, Newman AB, Nelson MR, Reid CM, Orchard SG, Neumann JT, Tonkin AM, Wolfe R, McNeil JJ. Association of a healthy lifestyle with mortality in older people. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:646. [PMID: 37821846 PMCID: PMC10568769 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours such as smoking, high alcohol consumption, poor diet or low physical activity are associated with morbidity and mortality. Public health guidelines provide recommendations for adherence to these four factors, however, their relationship to the health of older people is less certain. METHODS The study involved 11,340 Australian participants (median age 7.39 [Interquartile Range (IQR) 71.7, 77.3]) from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly study, followed for a median of 6.8 years (IQR: 5.7, 7.9). We investigated whether a point-based lifestyle score based on adherence to guidelines for a healthy diet, physical activity, non-smoking and moderate alcohol consumption was associated with subsequent all-cause and cause-specific mortality. RESULTS In multivariable adjusted models, compared to those in the unfavourable lifestyle group, individuals in the moderate lifestyle group (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.73 [95% CI 0.61, 0.88]) and favourable lifestyle group (HR 0.68 [95% CI 0.56, 0.83]) had lower risk of all-cause mortality. A similar pattern was observed for cardiovascular related mortality and non-cancer/non-cardiovascular related mortality. There was no association of lifestyle with cancer-related mortality. CONCLUSIONS In a large cohort of initially healthy older people, reported adherence to a healthy lifestyle is associated with reduced risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Adherence to all four lifestyle factors resulted in the strongest protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Robb
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Prudence R Carr
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Jocasta Ball
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Alice Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Centre for Aging and Population Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Mark R Nelson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Johannes T Neumann
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
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11
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Yadav A, Beilin LJ, Huang RC, Newnham JP, White SW, Mori TA. Fetal Growth Trajectories and Measures of Insulin Resistance in Young Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e861-e870. [PMID: 37246587 PMCID: PMC10656704 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Events during gestation greatly influence the risk of cardiometabolic diseases including diabetes in offspring during later life. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate relationships between serial ultrasound-derived fetal growth trajectories and markers of insulin resistance in young adults in the Raine Study, an Australian pregnancy cohort. METHODS Linear mixed modeling examined the relationship between fetal growth trajectory groups, constructed using serial ultrasound-based abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL), and head circumference (HC) from 1333 mother-fetal pairs, and offspring Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), as a marker of diabetes risk, at 20 (n = 414), 22 (n = 385), and 27 (n = 431) years. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, adult lifestyle factors, and maternal factors during pregnancy. RESULTS The study identified 7 AC, 5 FL, and 5 HC growth trajectory groups. Compared to the average-stable (reference) group, a low-falling AC growth trajectory (26%; P = .005) and 2 low HC growth trajectories (20%; P = .006% and 8%; P = .021) were associated with higher adult HOMA-IR. Trajectories representing a high-stable FL and a rising HC were associated with 12% (P = .002) and 9% (P = .021) lower adult HOMA-IR, respectively, compared to the reference group. CONCLUSION Restricted fetal HC and AC from early pregnancy are associated with higher relative insulin resistance in the offspring during adulthood. These data strengthen our understanding of the importance of the intrauterine environment and its effect on the risk of predisposition to adult diabetes and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Yadav
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009 WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009 WA, Australia
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Nutrition Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, 6027 WA, Australia
| | - John P Newnham
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009 WA, Australia
| | - Scott W White
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009 WA, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009 WA, Australia
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12
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Yang J, Gwini SM, Beilin LJ, Schlaich M, Stowasser M, Young MJ, Fuller PJ, Mori TA. Effect of Oral Contraception on Screening Tests for Primary Aldosteronism: A 10-Year Longitudinal Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1686-1695. [PMID: 36633572 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Primary aldosteronism (PA) and oral contraception (OC) can both cause hypertension in young women. However, the effect of OC on the screening test for PA, the aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR), is not clear. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the impact of OC on the screening test for PA. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from the female offspring (Gen2) of women enrolled in the Raine Study, a population-based birth cohort, who had blood pressure (BP) measurements, blood samples, and information about OC use at age 17 years (N = 484) and/or age 27 years (N = 486). RESULTS Aldosterone concentration was significantly higher in OC users than nonusers at 17 years (median 486 pmol/L vs 347 pmol/L, P < 0.001). Renin concentration was significantly lower in OC users at both 17 years (13.4 mU/L vs 20.6 mU/L) and 27 years (9.2 mU/L vs 11.8 mU/L), hence the ARR was significantly higher in OC users compared to nonusers at both 17 years (31.5 vs 18.3) and 27 years (27.3 vs 21.1). The proportion of participants with ARR > 70 pmol/mU (current threshold for PA detection) was significantly higher in OC users at both 17 years (12.6% vs 2.1%) and 27 years (6.4% vs 0.4%); however, they had comparable BP to those with ARR < 70. OC use at any age abolished the relationship between ARR and BP that is observed in nonusers. CONCLUSION OC can increase the ARR and cause a false positive PA screening result. Until more reliable criteria for PA screening in OC users are established, alternative contraception should be considered during screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Stella May Gwini
- Department of Biostatistics, University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Victoria 3220, Australia
- Biostatistics Unit, Division of Research Methodology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Markus Schlaich
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, Medical School, The University of Western Australia - Royal Perth Hospital Campus, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia
- Departments of Cardiology and Nephrology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth 6000, Australia
- Neurovascular Hypertension & Kidney Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Michael Stowasser
- Endocrine Hypertension Research Centre, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Morag J Young
- Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Peter J Fuller
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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13
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Hussain SM, Newman AB, Beilin LJ, Tonkin AM, Woods RL, Neumann JT, Nelson M, Carr PR, Reid CM, Owen A, Ball J, Cicuttini FM, Tran C, Wang Y, Ernst ME, McNeil JJ. Associations of Change in Body Size With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Healthy Older Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e237482. [PMID: 37036703 PMCID: PMC10087052 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.7482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance The association between weight change and subsequent cause-specific mortality among older adults is not well described. The significance of changes in waist circumference (WC) has also not been compared with weight change for this purpose. Objective To examine the associations of changes in body weight and WC with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study is a post hoc analysis of data from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) randomized clinical trial, which recruited participants between March 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014. The study included community-based older adults (16 703 Australian participants aged ≥70 years and 2411 US participants aged ≥65 years) without evident cardiovascular disease (CVD), dementia, physical disability, or life-limiting chronic illness. Data analysis was performed from April to September 2022. Exposures Body weight and WC were measured at baseline and at annual visit 2. Analysis models were adjusted for baseline body mass index because height and weight were measured at baseline, allowing for calculation of body mass index and other variables. Both body weight and WC changes were categorized as change within 5% (stable), decrease by 5% to 10%, decrease by more than 10%, increase by 5% to 10%, and increase by more than 10%. Main Outcomes and Measures All-cause, cancer-specific, CVD-specific, and noncancer non-CVD-specific mortality. Mortality events were adjudicated by an expert review panel. Cox proportional hazards regression and competing risk analyses were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. Results Among 16 523 participants (mean [SD] age, 75.0 [4.3] years; 9193 women [55.6%]), 1256 deaths were observed over a mean (SD) of 4.4 (1.7) years. Compared with men with stable weight, those with a 5% to 10% weight loss had a 33% higher (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.07-1.66) risk of all-cause mortality, and those with more than a 10% decrease in body weight had a 289% higher (HR, 3.89; 95% CI, 2.93-5.18) risk. Compared with women with stable weight, those with a 5% to 10% weight loss had a 26% higher (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.00-1.60) risk of all-cause mortality, and those with more than a 10% decrease in body weight had a 114% higher (HR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.58-2.91) risk. Weight loss was associated with a higher cancer-specific mortality (>10% decrease among men: HR, 3.49; 95% CI, 2.26-5.40; 5%-10% decrease among women: HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.46-2.04; >10% decrease among women: HR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.82-4.26), CVD-specific mortality (>10% decrease among men: HR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.63-6.04; >10% decrease among women: HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.05-3.51), and noncancer non-CVD-specific mortality (>10% decrease among men: HR, 4.98; 95% CI, 3.14-7.91). A decrease in WC was also associated with mortality. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study of healthy older adults suggests that weight loss was associated with an increase in all-cause and cause-specific mortality, including an increased risk of cancer, CVD, and other life-limiting conditions. Physicians should be aware of the significance of weight loss, especially among older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Monira Hussain
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne B. Newman
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lawrence J. Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Johannes T. Neumann
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mark Nelson
- Discipline of General Practice, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Prudence R. Carr
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher M. Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alice Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jocasta Ball
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Flavia M. Cicuttini
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cammie Tran
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael E. Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - John J. McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Robb C, Carr P, Ball J, Owen A, Beilin LJ, Newman AB, Nelson MR, Reid CM, Orchard SG, Neumann JT, Tonkin AM, Wolfe R, McNeil JJ. Association of a Healthy Lifestyle with Mortality in Older People. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2541145. [PMID: 36993471 PMCID: PMC10055537 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2541145/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours such as smoking, high alcohol consumption, poor diet or low physical activity are associated with morbidity and premature mortality. Public health guidelines provide recommendations for adherence to these four factors, however, their impact on the health of older people is less certain. Methods The study involved 11,340 Australian participants (median age 7.39 [Interquartile Range (IQR) 71.7, 77.3]) from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly study, followed for a median of 6.8 years (IQR: 5.7, 7.9). We investigated whether a point-based lifestyle score based on adherence to guidelines for a healthy diet, physical activity, non-smoking and moderate alcohol consumption was associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results In multivariable adjusted models, compared to those in the unfavourable lifestyle group, individuals in the moderate lifestyle group (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.73 [95% CI 0.61, 0.88]) and favourable lifestyle group (HR 0.68 [95% CI 0.56, 0.83]) had lower risk of all-cause mortality. A similar pattern was observed for cardiovascular related mortality and non-cancer/non-cardiovascular related mortality. There was no association of lifestyle with cancer-related mortality. Stratified analysis indicated larger effect sizes among males, those ≤ 73 years old and among those in the aspirin treatment group. Conclusions In a large cohort of initially healthy older people, reported adherence to a healthy lifestyle is associated with reduced risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
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15
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Carr PR, Webb KL, Neumann JT, Thao LTP, Beilin LJ, Ernst ME, Fitzgibbon B, Gasevic D, Nelson MR, Newman AB, Orchard SG, Owen A, Reid CM, Stocks NP, Tonkin AM, Woods RL, McNeil JJ. Associations of body size with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in healthy older adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3799. [PMID: 36882434 PMCID: PMC9992380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29586-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the general population, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference are recognized risk factors for several chronic diseases and all-cause mortality. However, whether these associations are the same for older adults is less clear. The association of baseline BMI and waist circumference with all-cause and cause-specific mortality was investigated in 18,209 Australian and US participants (mean age: 75.1 ± 4.5 years) from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) study, followed up for a median of 6.9 years (IQR: 5.7, 8.0). There were substantially different relationships observed in men and women. In men, the lowest risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was observed with a BMI in the range 25.0-29.9 kg/m2 [HR25-29.9 vs 21-24.9 kg/m2: 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-1.00] while the highest risk was in those who were underweight [HRBMI <21 kg/m2 vs BMI 21-24.9 kg/m2: 1.82; 95% CI 1.30-2.55], leading to a clear U-shaped relationship. In women, all-cause mortality was highest in those with the lowest BMI leading to a J-shaped relationship (HRBMI <21 kg/m2 vs BMI 21-24.9 kg/m2: 1.64; 95% CI 1.26-2.14). Waist circumference showed a weaker relationship with all-cause mortality in both men and women. There was little evidence of a relationship between either index of body size and subsequent cancer mortality in men or women, while non-cardiovascular non-cancer mortality was higher in underweight participants. For older men, being overweight was found to be associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, while among both men and women, a BMI in the underweight category was associated with a higher risk. Waist circumference alone had little association with all-cause or cause-specific mortality risk.Trial registration ASPREE https://ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01038583.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudence R Carr
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Katherine L Webb
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Johannes T Neumann
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Centre, Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Le T P Thao
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Michael E Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy; and, Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Bernadette Fitzgibbon
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Danijela Gasevic
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark R Nelson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Anne B Newman
- Centre for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Alice Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nigel P Stocks
- Discipline of General Practice, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
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16
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Hussain SM, Ebeling PR, Barker AL, Beilin LJ, Tonkin AM, McNeil JJ. Association of Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level With Risk of Fractures in Healthy Older Adults. JAMA Cardiol 2023; 8:268-272. [PMID: 36652261 PMCID: PMC9857824 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2022.5124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Importance Increased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been associated with osteoporosis. Preclinical studies have reported that HDL-C reduces bone mineral density by reducing osteoblast number and function. However, the clinical significance of these findings is unclear. Objective To determine whether higher HDL-C levels are predictive of an increased fracture risk in healthy older adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study is a post hoc analysis of data from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) clinical trial and the ASPREE-Fracture substudy. ASPREE was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled primary prevention trial of aspirin that recruited participants between 2010 and 2014. These comprised community-based older adults (16 703 Australians aged ≥70 years, 2411 US participants ≥65 years) without evident cardiovascular disease, dementia, physical disability, and life-limiting chronic illness. The ASPREE-Fracture substudy collected data on fractures reported postrandomization from Australian participants. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI. Data analysis for this study was performed from April to August 2022. Exposure Plasma HDL-C. Main Outcomes and Measures Fractures included were confirmed by medical imaging and included both traumatic and minimal trauma fractures. Fractures were adjudicated by an expert review panel. Results Of the 16 262 participants who had a plasma HDL-C measurement at baseline (8945 female participants [55%] and 7319 male [45%]), 1659 experienced at least 1 fracture over a median (IQR) of 4.0 years (0.02-7.0 years). In a fully adjusted model, each 1-SD increment in HDL-C level was associated with a 14% higher risk of fractures (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.08-1.20). The results remained similar when these analyses were stratified by sex. Sensitivity and stratified analyses demonstrated that these associations persisted when the analyses were repeated to include only (1) minimal trauma fractures, (2) participants not taking osteoporosis medications, (3) participants who were never smokers and reported that they did not drink alcohol, and (4) participants who walked outside for less than 30 minutes per day and reported no participation in moderate/vigorous physical activity and to examine only (5) statin use. No association was observed between non-HDL-C levels and fractures. Conclusions and Relevance This study suggests that higher levels of HDL-C are associated with an increased fracture risk. This association was independent of common risk factors for fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Monira Hussain
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter R. Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna L. Barker
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Silverchain, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lawrence J. Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John J. McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Berman YE, Doherty DA, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Ayonrinde OT, Adams LA, Huang RC, Olynyk JK, Keelan JA, Newnham JP, Hart RJ. Associations between Prenatal Exposure to Phthalates and Features of the Metabolic Syndrome in Males from Childhood into Adulthood. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15244. [PMID: 36429961 PMCID: PMC9690816 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate metabolites are detectable within the majority of the population. Evidence suggests that a prenatal exposure to phthalates may be associated with the subsequent risks of obesity and elevated blood pressure. We hypothesised that a prenatal exposure to phthalates would lead to an increase in adverse cardiometabolic parameters through childhood and adulthood. The maternal serum phthalate measurements from the stored samples taken from Gen1 mothers at 18 and 34 weeks gestation were examined in relation to the cardiometabolic measures in 387 male offspring from the Raine Study. Data from the Gen2 follow-ups between 3 and 27 years were used. The primary outcomes were analysed longitudinally using linear mixed models for the repeated measures. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was assessed at 17 years using logistic regression. A consistent positive relationship was observed between a prenatal exposure to mono-carboxy-iso-octyl phthalate (MCiOP) through adolescence into adulthood with systolic blood pressure. There were no other consistent cardiovascular associations. Mid-levels of prenatal exposures to Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) were associated with a greater incidence of NAFLD. Detectable Mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP) was associated with a lower serum HDL-C through late childhood into adulthood, while a higher prenatal exposure to mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP), was associated with a higher LDL-C at 22 years of age. A mid-level prenatal exposure to mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) metabolites was associated with higher insulin in adulthood, while a higher prenatal exposure to the sum of the Di-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and Di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DiNP) metabolites was associated with higher fasting serum glucose in adulthood. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that higher prenatal phthalate exposures to some phthalate metabolites was associated with some adverse metabolic profiles through adolescence into adulthood, although the consistent themes were limited to a few metabolites and the outcomes of systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin and glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye’elah E. Berman
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Dorota A. Doherty
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Trevor A. Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Lawrence J. Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Oyekoya T. Ayonrinde
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Leon A. Adams
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Hepatology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - John K. Olynyk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A. Keelan
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - John P. Newnham
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Roger J. Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
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18
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Barden AE, Shinde S, Phillips M, Beilin LJ, Mori TA. Mediators of inflammation resolution and vasoactive eicosanoids in gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. J Hypertens 2022; 40:2236-2244. [PMID: 35950986 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women with gestational diabetes (GDM) have an increased risk of preeclampsia and postpartum diabetes. Inflammation associates with both GDM and preeclampsia. This study examined specialized proresolving mediators (SPM) that direct inflammation resolution and eicosanoids that are involved in inflammation, in relation to the development of preeclampsia and ongoing postpartum glucose intolerance in GDM. METHODS Participants were selected from a prospective study examining the development of preeclampsia in women with GDM. Four groups of age-matched women were studied: GDM ( n = 20), GDM who developed preeclampsia (GDM+PE, n = 21), GDM who remained glucose-intolerant postpartum (GDM+PPIGT, n = 20), or pregnancies with glucose tolerance within the normal range (NGT, n = 21). Measurement of SPM (E-series resolvins and D-series resolvins), SPM pathway intermediates (14-HDHA, 18-HEPE and 17-HDHA), 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), and the urinary metabolite of the vasodilator prostacyclin 2,3-dinor-6-Keto-PGF 1α , were made at 28, 32 and 36 weeks gestation and at 6 months postpartum. RESULTS Compared with GDM, GDM+PE had elevated levels of 20-HETE and the SPM pathway intermediates 14-HDHA, 18-HEPE, 17-HDHA, at 32 weeks, and the SPM RvE1 at 32 and 36 weeks gestation. Compared with NGT and regardless of whether they developed preeclampsia or PPIGT, GDM had lower levels of 2,3-dinor-6-Keto-PGF 1α during pregnancy. CONCLUSION Reduced levels of the prostacyclin metabolite 2,3-dinor-6-Keto-PGF 1α may contribute to the increased risk of preeclampsia in women with GDM. The increase in 20-HETE, a vasoconstrictor and mediator of inflammation, and SPM that contribute to inflammation resolution, prior to the onset of preeclampsia require further investigation to clarify their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Barden
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit
| | - Sujata Shinde
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit
| | - Michael Phillips
- Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit
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19
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Hussain SM, Ernst ME, Barker AL, Margolis KL, Reid CM, Neumann JT, Tonkin AM, Phuong TLT, Beilin LJ, Pham T, Chowdhury EK, Cicuttini FM, Gilmartin-Thomas JFM, Carr PR, McNeil JJ. Variation in Mean Arterial Pressure Increases Falls Risk in Elderly Physically Frail and Prefrail Individuals Treated With Antihypertensive Medication. Hypertension 2022; 79:2051-2061. [PMID: 35722878 PMCID: PMC9378722 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired cerebral blood flow has been associated with an increased risk of falls. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and variability in MAP have been reported to affect cerebral blood flow but their relationships to the risk of falls have not previously been reported. METHODS Utilising data from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly trial participants, we estimated MAP and variability in MAP, defined as within-individual SD of MAP from baseline and first 2 annual visits. The relationship with MAP was studied in 16 703 participants amongst whom 1539 falls were recorded over 7.3 years. Variability in MAP was studied in 14 818 of these participants who experienced 974 falls over 4.1 years. Falls were confined to those involving hospital presentation. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratio and 95% CI for associations with falls. RESULTS Long-term variability in MAP was not associated with falls except amongst frail or prefrail participants using antihypertensive medications. Within this group each 5 mm Hg increase in long-term variability in MAP increased the risk of falls by 16% (hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.02-1.33]). Amongst the antihypertensive drugs studied, beta-blocker monotherapy (hazard ratio, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.17-3.18]) was associated with an increased risk of falls compared with calcium channel blockers. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of long-term variability in MAP increase the risk of serious falls in older frail and prefrail individuals taking antihypertensive medications. The observation that the relationship was limited to frail and prefrail individuals might explain some of the variability of previous studies linking blood pressure indices and falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Monira Hussain
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Michael E. Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy; and, Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine. The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. USA
| | - Anna L Barker
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | | | - Christopher M Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Johannes T Neumann
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Thao Le Thi Phuong
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Thao Pham
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Enayet K Chowdhury
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Flavia M Cicuttini
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - Julia FM Gilmartin-Thomas
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
- College of Health and Biomedicine, and Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine - Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prudence R Carr
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3004 Australia
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20
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Wan F, Pan F, Ayonrinde O, Adams LA, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, O'Sullivan TA, Olynyk JK, Oddy WH. Prospective dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid intake is associated with trajectories of fatty liver disease: an 8 year follow-up study from adolescence to young adulthood. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3987-4000. [PMID: 35780424 PMCID: PMC9596520 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim Dietary fat intake has long been associated with fatty liver. Our study aimed to determine the effect of dietary fats on longitudinal fatty liver index (FLI) trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood.
Methods Nine hundred eighty-five participants in the Raine Study, Perth, Western Australia, Australia, had cross-sectional assessments at ages 14, 17, 20 and 22 years, during which anthropometric measurements and blood tests were obtained. FLI trajectories were derived from the longitudinal FLI results. Dietary fat intake was measured with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at 14 years and log multinominal regression analyses were used to estimate relative risks.
Results Three FLI trajectories were identified and labelled as stable-low (79.1%, N = 782), low-to-high (13.9%, N = 132), and stable-high (7%, N = 71). The low-to-high group associated with an increased intake of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA, DPA and DHA (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.10–1.48) relative to the stable-low group. Compared to the stable-low group, omega-6 and the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 in the stable-high group were associated with an increased relative risk of 1.34 (95% CI 1.02–1.76) and 1.10 (95% CI 1.03–1.16), respectively.
Conclusion For those at high risk of fatty liver in early adolescence, high omega-6 fatty acid intake and a high ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids are associated with increased risk of fatty liver. There should be caution in assuming these associations are causal due to possible undetected and underestimated confounding factors.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-022-02934-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhen Wan
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Feng Pan
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Oyekoya Ayonrinde
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Leon A Adams
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Hepatology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Therese A O'Sullivan
- School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - John K Olynyk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
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21
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Yadav A, Beilin LJ, Huang RC, Vlaskovsky P, Newnham JP, White SW, Mori TA. The relationship between intrauterine foetal growth trajectories and blood pressure in young adults. J Hypertens 2022; 40:478-489. [PMID: 34751171 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported an association between low birthweight and elevated blood pressure (BP) in adulthood, but few have examined the relationship between foetal growth and adult BP. METHOD The study examined the association between intrauterine growth trajectories determined by serial ultrasound and BP of the adult offspring in the Raine Study. Foetal growth trajectories for abdominal circumference, femur length and head circumference z-scores were developed using group-based trajectory modelling from 1440 women with serial ultrasounds from 15-weeks pregnancy to birth. Seven abdominal circumference, five femur length and five head circumference trajectory groups were identified. Longitudinal linear mixed modelling examined the association between trajectory groups and offspring BP at 20 (n = 487), 22 (n = 419) and 27 (n = 436) years. RESULTS Higher SBP in adulthood significantly associated with two abdominal circumference trajectories, one with the most restricted foetal growth [3.52 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.20-5.83] and the other with sustained low-growth (1.92 mmHg, 95% CI = 0.11-3.73) compared with an average growth trajectory, after adjusting for sex, age, alcohol consumption and BMI. Foetal head circumference trajectories with sustained low-growth or average-to-falling growth significantly associated with higher adult systolic (3.45 mmHg, 95% CI = 1.77-5.14 and 1.54 mmHg, 95% CI = 0.30-2.78, respectively) and diastolic (2.28 mmHg, 95% CI = 0.77-3.78 and 1.47 mmHg, 95% CI = 0.54-2.39, respectively) BP compared with average growth. Low femur length growth associated with higher adult DBP after adjusting for sex, but not after accounting for adult BMI. CONCLUSION Our results show that restricted foetal head and abdominal circumference associated with higher adult SBP over two decades later, reinforcing the importance of the early intrauterine environment and its influence on adult BP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - John P Newnham
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Scott W White
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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22
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Barden AE, Huang RC, Beilin LJ, Rauschert S, Tsai IJ, Oddy WH, Mori TA. Identifying young adults at high risk of cardiometabolic disease using cluster analysis and the Framingham 30-yr risk score. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:429-435. [PMID: 34895997 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Current strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in young adults are largely limited to those at extremes of risk. In cohort studies we have shown cluster analysis identified a large sub-group of adolescents with multiple risk factors. This study examined if individuals classified at 'high-risk' by cluster analysis could also be identified by their Framingham risk scores. METHODS AND RESULTS Raine Study data at 17- (n = 1048) and 20-years (n = 1120) identified high- and low-risk groups by cluster analysis using continuous measures of systolic BP, BMI, triglycerides and insulin resistance. We assessed:- CVD risk at 20-years using the Framingham 30 yr-risk-score in the high- and low-risk clusters, and cluster stability from adolescence to adulthood. Cluster analysis at 17- and 20-years identified a high-risk group comprising, 17.9% and 21.3%, respectively of the cohort. In contrast, only 1.2% and 3.4%, respectively, met the metabolic syndrome criteria, all of whom were within the high-risk cluster. Compared with the low-risk cluster, Framingham scores of the high-risk cluster were elevated in males (9.4%; 99%CI 8.3, 10.6 vs 6.0%; 99%CI 5.7, 6.2) and females (4.9%; 99%CI 4.4, 5.4 vs 3.2%; 99%CI 3.0, 3.3) (both P < 0.0001). A score >8 for males and >4 for females identified those at high CVD risk with 99% confidence. CONCLUSION Cluster analysis using multiple risk factors identified ∼20% of young adults at high CVD risk. Application of our Framingham 30 yr-risk cut-offs to individuals allows identification of more young people with multiple risk factors for CVD than conventional metabolic syndrome criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Barden
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Sebastian Rauschert
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - I-Jung Tsai
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Australia
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23
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Neumann JT, Freak-Poli R, Orchard SG, Wolfe R, Reid CM, Tonkin AM, Beilin LJ, McNeil JJ, Ryan J, Woods RL. Alcohol consumption and risks of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in healthy older adults. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 29:e230-e232. [PMID: 34718513 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes T Neumann
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Centre, Hamburg, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rosanne Freak-Poli
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, GPO Box X2213, 6847 Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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24
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Nolan J, Campbell PJ, Brown SJ, Zhu G, Gordon S, Lim EM, Joseph J, Cross SM, Panicker V, Medland SE, Melton PE, Beilin LJ, Mori TA, Mullin BH, Pennell CE, Wang CA, Dudbridge F, Walsh JP, Martin NG, Wilson SG. Genome-wide analysis of thyroid function in Australian adolescents highlights SERPINA7 and NCOA3. Eur J Endocrinol 2021; 185:743-753. [PMID: 34524976 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-0614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic factors underpin the narrow intraindividual variability of thyroid function, although precise contributions of environmental vs genetic factors remain uncertain. We sought to clarify the heritability of thyroid function traits and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contributing to the trait variance. METHODS Heritability of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (fT4), free T3 (fT3) and TPOAb in a cohort of 2854 euthyroid, dizygous and monozygous twins (age range 11.9-16.9 years) from the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study (BLTS) was assessed using structural equation modelling. A genome-wide analysis was conducted on 2832 of these individuals across 7 522 526 SNPs as well as gene-based association analyses. Replication analysis of the association results was performed in the Raine Study (n = 1115) followed by meta-analysis to maximise power for discovery. RESULTS Heritability of thyroid function parameters in the BLTS was 70.8% (95% CI: 66.7-74.9%) for TSH, 67.5% (59.8-75.3%) for fT4, 59.7% (54.4-65.0%) for fT3 and 48.8% (40.6-56.9%) for TPOAb. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the discovery cohort identified a novel association between rs2026401 upstream of NCOA3 and TPOAb. GWAS meta-analysis found associations between TPOAb and rs445219, also near NCOA3, and fT3 and rs12687280 near SERPINA7. Gene-based association analysis highlighted SERPINA7 for fT3 and NPAS3 for fT4. CONCLUSION Our findings resolve former contention regarding heritability estimates of thyroid function traits and TPOAb positivity. GWAS and gene-based association analysis identified variants accounting for a component of this heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Nolan
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gu Zhu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John Joseph
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Simone M Cross
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vijay Panicker
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Phillip E Melton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medical and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medical and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
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25
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Ryan J, Espinoza S, Ernst ME, Ekram ARMS, Wolfe R, Murray AM, Shah RC, Orchard SG, Fitzgerald S, Beilin LJ, Ward SA, Williamson JD, Newman AB, McNeil JJ, Woods RL. Validation of a Deficit-Accumulation Frailty Index in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly Study and Its Predictive Capacity for Disability-Free Survival. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:19-26. [PMID: 34338761 PMCID: PMC8751791 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a state of heightened vulnerability and susceptibility to physiologic stressors that increases with age. It has shown increasing utility in predicting a range of adverse health outcomes. Here, we characterize a 67-item deficit-accumulation frailty index (FI) in 19 110 community-dwelling individuals in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly clinical trial. Participants aged 65-98 years were recruited from the United States and Australia and were without diagnosed dementia and cardiovascular disease, and major physical disability. The median FI score was .10 (interquartile range: .07-.14) at baseline, and the prevalence of frailty (FI > .21) increased from 8.1% to 17.4% after 6 years. FI was positively associated with age, and women had significantly higher scores than men at all ages. The FI was negatively correlated with gait speed (r = -.31) and grip strength (r = -.46), and strongly associated with a modified Fried's frailty phenotype (p < .0001, for all comparisons). Frailty was associated with the primary composite outcome capturing independent life lived free of major disability and dementia, and increased the rate of persistent physical disability (hazard ratio: 21.3, 95% confidence interval: 15.6-28.9). It added significantly to the predictive capacity of these outcomes above age, sex, and ethnicity alone. The FI is thus a useful biomarker of aging even among relatively healthy older individuals and provides important information about an individual's vulnerability to and risk of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Address correspondence to: Joanne Ryan, PhD, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, 3004 Victoria, Australia. E-mail:
| | - Sara Espinoza
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Medicine, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, Texas, USA,Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, USA
| | - Michael E Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, USA,Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, USA
| | - A R M Saifuddin Ekram
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne M Murray
- Berman Center for Clinical Outcomes and Research, Hennepin Health Research Institute and Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Raj C Shah
- Department of Family Medicine and Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharyn Fitzgerald
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephanie A Ward
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeff D Williamson
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Center for Aging and Population Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Ernst ME, Ryan J, Chowdhury EK, Margolis KL, Beilin LJ, Reid CM, Nelson MR, Woods RL, Shah RC, Orchard SG, Wolfe R, Storey E, Tonkin AM, Brodtmann A, McNeil JJ, Murray AM. Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability and Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia Among Older Adults. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019613. [PMID: 34176293 PMCID: PMC8403315 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.019613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Blood pressure variability (BPV) in midlife increases risk of late‐life dementia, but the impact of BPV on the cognition of adults who have already reached older ages free of major cognitive deficits is unknown. We examined the risk of incident dementia and cognitive decline associated with long‐term, visit‐to‐visit BPV in a post hoc analysis of the ASPREE (Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) trial. Methods and Results ASPREE participants (N=19 114) were free of dementia and significant cognitive impairment at enrollment. Measurement of BP and administration of a standardized cognitive battery evaluating global cognition, delayed episodic memory, verbal fluency, and processing speed and attention occurred at baseline and follow‐up visits. Time‐to‐event analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% CI for incident dementia and cognitive decline, according to tertile of SD of systolic BPV. Individuals in the highest BPV tertile compared with the lowest had an increased risk of incident dementia and cognitive decline, independent of average BP and use of antihypertensive drugs. There was evidence that sex modified the association with incident dementia (interaction P=0.02), with increased risk in men (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.19–2.39) but not women (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.72–1.42). For cognitive decline, similar increased risks were observed for men and women (interaction P=0.15; men: HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.16–1.59; women: HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.98–1.32). Conclusions High BPV in older adults without major cognitive impairment, particularly men, is associated with increased risks of dementia and cognitive decline. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01038583; isrctn.com. Identifier: ISRCTN83772183.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science College of Pharmacy The University of Iowa Iowa City IA.,Department of Family Medicine Carver College of Medicine The University of Iowa Iowa City IA
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Enayet K Chowdhury
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia.,School of Public Health Curtin University Perth Western Australia Australia
| | | | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School Royal Perth HospitalUniversity of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia.,School of Public Health Curtin University Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Mark R Nelson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Raj C Shah
- Department of Family Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL.,Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Elsdon Storey
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Amy Brodtmann
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Anne M Murray
- Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research Hennepin-Health Research InstituteHennepin Healthcare Minneapolis MN.,Division of Geriatrics Department of Medicine Hennepin Healthcare Minneapolis MN
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27
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Yang J, May Gwini S, Beilin LJ, Schlaich M, Stowasser M, Young MJ, Fuller PJ, Mori TA. Relationship Between the Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio and Blood Pressure in Young Adults: A Longitudinal Study. Hypertension 2021; 78:387-396. [PMID: 34120455 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (J.Y., P.J.F.).,Department of Medicine (J.Y.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stella May Gwini
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (S.M.G.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Victoria, Australia (S.M.G.)
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia (L.J.B., T.A.M.)
| | - Markus Schlaich
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Campus (M. Schlaich).,Departments of Cardiology and Nephrology, Royal Perth Hospital, Australia (M. Schlaich).,Neurovascular Hypertension and Kidney Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (M. Schlaich)
| | - Michael Stowasser
- Endocrine Hypertension Research Centre, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia (M. Stowasser)
| | - Morag J Young
- Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Victoria, Australia (M.J. Young)
| | - Peter J Fuller
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (J.Y., P.J.F.)
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia (L.J.B., T.A.M.)
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28
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Wan F, Pan F, Ayonrinde OT, Adams LA, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, O'Sullivan TA, Olynyk JK, Oddy WH. Validation of fatty liver disease scoring systems for ultrasound diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:746-752. [PMID: 33334704 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing in young populations. However, there are inadequate data regarding diagnosis of NAFLD. We aimed to validate three scoring systems against a previous standard of suprailiac skinfold thickness for diagnosing NAFLD in population-based adolescents. METHODS Seventeen-year-old adolescents (n = 899), participating in the Raine Study, attended a cross-sectional follow-up. NAFLD was diagnosed using liver ultrasound. Scores for Fatty liver index (FLI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) and Zhejiang University index (ZJU index) were calculated. Diagnostic accuracy of these diagnostic tests was evaluated through discrimination and calibration. RESULTS NAFLD was diagnosed 9% in males and 15% in females. The three scoring systems demonstrated better discrimination performance for NAFLD in males (AUC was FLI:0.82, HSI: 0.83 and ZJU index: 0.83) compared to females (AUC was FLI: 0.67, HSI: 0.67 and ZJU index: 0.67). Suprailiac skinfold performed better than the scoring systems (overall AUC: 0.82; male AUC:0.88; female AUC:0.73). FLI had best calibration performance. CONCLUSION Suprailiac skinfold thickness was a better predictor of ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD than the three diagnostic scoring systems investigated. The higher performance characteristics of the algorithmic scoring systems in males compared with females may have implications for use in population assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhen Wan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania
| | - Feng Pan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania
| | - Oyekoya T Ayonrinde
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia; Department of Gastroenterology, Fiona Stanley Fremantle Hospital Group, Murdoch, Western Australia
| | - Leon A Adams
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | | | - John K Olynyk
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fiona Stanley Fremantle Hospital Group, Murdoch, Western Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania.
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Chen J, Spracklen CN, Marenne G, Varshney A, Corbin LJ, Luan J, Willems SM, Wu Y, Zhang X, Horikoshi M, Boutin TS, Mägi R, Waage J, Li-Gao R, Chan KHK, Yao J, Anasanti MD, Chu AY, Claringbould A, Heikkinen J, Hong J, Hottenga JJ, Huo S, Kaakinen MA, Louie T, März W, Moreno-Macias H, Ndungu A, Nelson SC, Nolte IM, North KE, Raulerson CK, Ray D, Rohde R, Rybin D, Schurmann C, Sim X, Southam L, Stewart ID, Wang CA, Wang Y, Wu P, Zhang W, Ahluwalia TS, Appel EVR, Bielak LF, Brody JA, Burtt NP, Cabrera CP, Cade BE, Chai JF, Chai X, Chang LC, Chen CH, Chen BH, Chitrala KN, Chiu YF, de Haan HG, Delgado GE, Demirkan A, Duan Q, Engmann J, Fatumo SA, Gayán J, Giulianini F, Gong JH, Gustafsson S, Hai Y, Hartwig FP, He J, Heianza Y, Huang T, Huerta-Chagoya A, Hwang MY, Jensen RA, Kawaguchi T, Kentistou KA, Kim YJ, Kleber ME, Kooner IK, Lai S, Lange LA, Langefeld CD, Lauzon M, Li M, Ligthart S, Liu J, Loh M, Long J, Lyssenko V, Mangino M, Marzi C, Montasser ME, Nag A, Nakatochi M, Noce D, Noordam R, Pistis G, Preuss M, Raffield L, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Rich SS, Robertson NR, Rueedi R, Ryan K, Sanna S, Saxena R, Schraut KE, Sennblad B, Setoh K, Smith AV, Sparsø T, Strawbridge RJ, Takeuchi F, Tan J, Trompet S, van den Akker E, van der Most PJ, Verweij N, Vogel M, Wang H, Wang C, Wang N, Warren HR, Wen W, Wilsgaard T, Wong A, Wood AR, Xie T, Zafarmand MH, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Amin N, Arzumanyan Z, Astrup A, Bakker SJL, Baldassarre D, Beekman M, Bergman RN, Bertoni A, Blüher M, Bonnycastle LL, Bornstein SR, Bowden DW, Cai Q, Campbell A, Campbell H, Chang YC, de Geus EJC, Dehghan A, Du S, Eiriksdottir G, Farmaki AE, Frånberg M, Fuchsberger C, Gao Y, Gjesing AP, Goel A, Han S, Hartman CA, Herder C, Hicks AA, Hsieh CH, Hsueh WA, Ichihara S, Igase M, Ikram MA, Johnson WC, Jørgensen ME, Joshi PK, Kalyani RR, Kandeel FR, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kiess W, Kolcic I, Kuulasmaa T, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lam K, Lawlor DA, Lee NR, Lemaitre RN, Li H, Lin SY, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Liu J, Lorenzo C, Matsubara T, Matsuda F, Mingrone G, Mooijaart S, Moon S, Nabika T, Nadkarni GN, Nadler JL, Nelis M, Neville MJ, Norris JM, Ohyagi Y, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Qi Q, Raven D, Reilly DF, Reiner A, Rivideneira F, Roll K, Rudan I, Sabanayagam C, Sandow K, Sattar N, Schürmann A, Shi J, Stringham HM, Taylor KD, Teslovich TM, Thuesen B, Timmers PRHJ, Tremoli E, Tsai MY, Uitterlinden A, van Dam RM, van Heemst D, van Hylckama Vlieg A, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vangipurapu J, Vestergaard H, Wang T, Willems van Dijk K, Zemunik T, Abecasis GR, Adair LS, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, An P, Aviles-Santa L, Becker DM, Beilin LJ, Bergmann S, Bisgaard H, Black C, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Böhm BO, Bønnelykke K, Boomsma DI, Bottinger EP, Buchanan TA, Canouil M, Caulfield MJ, Chambers JC, Chasman DI, Chen YDI, Cheng CY, Collins FS, Correa A, Cucca F, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Elmståhl S, Evans MK, Ferrannini E, Ferrucci L, Florez JC, Franks PW, Frayling TM, Froguel P, Gigante B, Goodarzi MO, Gordon-Larsen P, Grallert H, Grarup N, Grimsgaard S, Groop L, Gudnason V, Guo X, Hamsten A, Hansen T, Hayward C, Heckbert SR, Horta BL, Huang W, Ingelsson E, James PS, Jarvelin MR, Jonas JB, Jukema JW, Kaleebu P, Kaplan R, Kardia SLR, Kato N, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi SM, Kim BJ, Kivimaki M, Koistinen HA, Kooner JS, Körner A, Kovacs P, Kuh D, Kumari M, Kutalik Z, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Launer LJ, Leander K, Li H, Lin X, Lind L, Lindgren C, Liu S, Loos RJF, Magnusson PKE, Mahajan A, Metspalu A, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mori TA, Munroe PB, Njølstad I, O'Connell JR, Oldehinkel AJ, Ong KK, Padmanabhan S, Palmer CNA, Palmer ND, Pedersen O, Pennell CE, Porteous DJ, Pramstaller PP, Province MA, Psaty BM, Qi L, Raffel LJ, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Ridker PM, Rosendaal FR, Saaristo TE, Sandhu M, Saramies J, Schneiderman N, Schwarz P, Scott LJ, Selvin E, Sever P, Shu XO, Slagboom PE, Small KS, Smith BH, Snieder H, Sofer T, Sørensen TIA, Spector TD, Stanton A, Steves CJ, Stumvoll M, Sun L, Tabara Y, Tai ES, Timpson NJ, Tönjes A, Tuomilehto J, Tusie T, Uusitupa M, van der Harst P, van Duijn C, Vitart V, Vollenweider P, Vrijkotte TGM, Wagenknecht LE, Walker M, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Watanabe RM, Watkins H, Wei WB, Wickremasinghe AR, Willemsen G, Wilson JF, Wong TY, Wu JY, Xiang AH, Yanek LR, Yengo L, Yokota M, Zeggini E, Zheng W, Zonderman AB, Rotter JI, Gloyn AL, McCarthy MI, Dupuis J, Meigs JB, Scott RA, Prokopenko I, Leong A, Liu CT, Parker SCJ, Mohlke KL, Langenberg C, Wheeler E, Morris AP, Barroso I. The trans-ancestral genomic architecture of glycemic traits. Nat Genet 2021; 53:840-860. [PMID: 34059833 PMCID: PMC7610958 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycemic traits are used to diagnose and monitor type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic health. To date, most genetic studies of glycemic traits have focused on individuals of European ancestry. Here we aggregated genome-wide association studies comprising up to 281,416 individuals without diabetes (30% non-European ancestry) for whom fasting glucose, 2-h glucose after an oral glucose challenge, glycated hemoglobin and fasting insulin data were available. Trans-ancestry and single-ancestry meta-analyses identified 242 loci (99 novel; P < 5 × 10-8), 80% of which had no significant evidence of between-ancestry heterogeneity. Analyses restricted to individuals of European ancestry with equivalent sample size would have led to 24 fewer new loci. Compared with single-ancestry analyses, equivalent-sized trans-ancestry fine-mapping reduced the number of estimated variants in 99% credible sets by a median of 37.5%. Genomic-feature, gene-expression and gene-set analyses revealed distinct biological signatures for each trait, highlighting different underlying biological pathways. Our results increase our understanding of diabetes pathophysiology by using trans-ancestry studies for improved power and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Chen
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Gaëlle Marenne
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Arushi Varshney
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura J Corbin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhang
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Johannes Waage
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kei Hang Katie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mila D Anasanti
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annique Claringbould
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jani Heikkinen
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jaeyoung Hong
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shaofeng Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Marika A Kaakinen
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Winfried März
- SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | - Anne Ndungu
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah C Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kari E North
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Denis Rybin
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- HPI Digital Health Center, Digital Health and Personalized Medicine, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Isobel D Stewart
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yujie Wang
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Peitao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil V R Appel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noël P Burtt
- Metabolism Program, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Brian E Cade
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoran Chai
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Brian H Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jorgen Engmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Segun A Fatumo
- Uganda Medical Informatics Centre (UMIC), MRC/UVRI and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (Uganda Research Unit), Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jung Ho Gong
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yang Hai
- Department of Statistics, The University of Auckland, Science Center, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jing He
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Obesity Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Council for Science and Technology, Mexico City, Mexico
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katherine A Kentistou
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Ishminder K Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Shuiqing Lai
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, Divison of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marie Lauzon
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Carola Marzi
- Institute of Epidemiology, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - May E Montasser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Damia Noce
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Michael Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Neil R Robertson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen Ryan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kazuya Setoh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Thomas Sparsø
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jingyi Tan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Genomics PLC, Oxford, UK
| | - Mandy Vogel
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Hadi Zafarmand
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jing-Hua Zhao
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zorayr Arzumanyan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Richard N Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yi Cheng Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Aliki Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mattias Frånberg
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Yutang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Anette P Gjesing
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Willa A Hsueh
- Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Biomedicine, Bioinformatics Center, Univeristy of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kelvin Lam
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, the Philippines
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, the Philippines
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Honglan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carlos Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Department of Diabetes, Diabetes, and Nutritional Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Mooijaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jill M Norris
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yasumasa Ohyagi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Gen-Info, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Raven
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Alex Reiner
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fernando Rivideneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kathryn Roll
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Sandow
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology (SAST), Shanghai, China
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Betina Thuesen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul R H J Timmers
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Bornholms Hospital, Rønne, Denmark
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Human Biology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carlos Alberto Aguilar-Salinas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición and Tec Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Tec Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Department of Medical Genomics, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ping An
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Larissa Aviles-Santa
- Clinical and Health Services Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Corri Black
- Aberdeen Centre for Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bernhard O Böhm
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Graduate School of Molecular Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Imperial College London, UK, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institut, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Lille, France
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Kallithea, Greece
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Lille, France
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sameline Grimsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Leif Groop
- Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology (SAST), Shanghai, China
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pankow S James
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marjo-Ritta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu Univerisity Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel IOB, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antje Körner
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Meena Kumari
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huaixing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the Swedish Twin Registry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michael A Province
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic and Genomic Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Havard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Timo E Saaristo
- Tampere, Finnish Diabetes Association, Tampere, Finland
- Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Peter Schwarz
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura J Scott
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alice Stanton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Ageing and Health, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark Walker
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ya X Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nick J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard M Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wen B Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Loïc Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Aaron Leong
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen C J Parker
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Inês Barroso
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Yang J, Gwini S, Beilin LJ, Schlaich M, Stowasser M, Young MJ, Fuller PJ, Mori T. The Relationship Between the Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio and Blood Pressure in Young Adults: A Longitudinal Study. J Endocr Soc 2021. [PMCID: PMC8089744 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab048.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Hypertension tracks throughout childhood into adulthood. Aldosterone excess, or primary aldosteronism, has been reported as the most common secondary cause of hypertension in adults. Elevated aldosterone in the setting of low renin predicts incident hypertension in normotensive adults. However, the relationship between aldosterone and blood pressure in adolescents and young adults is unclear. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between aldosterone, renin and the aldosterone:renin ratio (ARR) and blood pressure (BP) at age 17y as well as BP at age 27y in a community-based population. Methods: This is a prospective birth cohort study. Young adult offspring (Gen2) of women enrolled during pregnancy into the Raine Study, with 1239 at age 17y and 1006 at age 27y, were evaluated. Females taking hormonal contraception and participants without BP data were excluded from the current analysis. A generalised linear model was used to examine the relationship between BP and aldosterone, renin and ARR over time. The median aldosterone, renin and ARR was compared between sexes using quantile regression. Results: At 17y, females had similar aldosterone (349 vs 346 pmol/L, p=0.833) but significantly lower renin (20.6 vs 25.7 mU/L, p<0.001) and thus a higher ARR (18.3 vs 13.5, p<0.001) compared to males. However, they had lower systolic BP (109 vs 118 mmHg, p< 0.001) versus males. A significant correlation between ARR and systolic BP was detected in 17y males when adjusted for alcohol consumption, physical activity, urinary sodium and body mass index. This was true when the ARR was expressed as a continuous variable (β-coefficient 0.1, p=0.009) or categorical variable (highest quartile, β-coefficient 3.15, p=0.003). A similar correlation was not observed in females at 17y. However, the ARR at 17y was significantly associated with both systolic (β-coefficient 0.15, p=0.009) and diastolic BP (β-coefficient 0.14, p=0.003) at 27y in females, but not males. Conclusion: A relationship between ARR and BP are observed at both 17 and 27 years but with distinct age-related sex differences. Further evaluation of the relationship between ARR and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease such as vascular reactivity will improve our understanding of aldosterone as a cardiovascular risk factor young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Morag J Young
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melborne, Australia
| | | | - Trevor Mori
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Lafontaine N, Campbell PJ, Castillo-Fernandez JE, Mullin S, Lim EM, Kendrew P, Lewer M, Brown SJ, Huang RC, Melton PE, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Dudbridge F, Spector TD, Wright MJ, Martin NG, McRae AF, Panicker V, Zhu G, Walsh JP, Bell JT, Wilson SG. Epigenome-Wide Association Study of Thyroid Function Traits Identifies Novel Associations of fT3 With KLF9 and DOT1L. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e2191-e2202. [PMID: 33484127 PMCID: PMC8063248 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Circulating concentrations of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyrotropin (TSH) are partly heritable traits. Recent studies have advanced knowledge of their genetic architecture. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation (DNAm), may be important in pituitary-thyroid axis regulation and action, but data are limited. OBJECTIVE To identify novel associations between fT3, fT4, and TSH and differentially methylated positions (DMPs) in the genome in subjects from 2 Australian cohorts. METHOD We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of thyroid function parameters and DNAm using participants from: Brisbane Systems Genetics Study (median age 14.2 years, n = 563) and the Raine Study (median age 17.0 years, n = 863). Plasma fT3, fT4, and TSH were measured by immunoassay. DNAm levels in blood were assessed using Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip arrays. Analyses employed generalized linear mixed models to test association between DNAm and thyroid function parameters. Data from the 2 cohorts were meta-analyzed. RESULTS We identified 2 DMPs with epigenome-wide significant (P < 2.4E-7) associations with TSH and 6 with fT3, including cg00049440 in KLF9 (P = 2.88E-10) and cg04173586 in DOT1L (P = 2.09E-16), both genes known to be induced by fT3. All DMPs had a positive association between DNAm and TSH and a negative association between DNAm and fT3. There were no DMPs significantly associated with fT4. We identified 23 differentially methylated regions associated with fT3, fT4, or TSH. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated associations between blood-based DNAm and both fT3 and TSH. This may provide insight into mechanisms underlying thyroid hormone action and/or pituitary-thyroid axis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lafontaine
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Correspondence: Nicole Lafontaine, MBBS, BMedSci, RACP, Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Level 1, Building C, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Ave, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Purdey J Campbell
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | - Shelby Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ee Mun Lim
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Suzanne J Brown
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Phillip E Melton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Margaret J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vijay Panicker
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Gu Zhu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Le-Ha C, Beilin LJ, Burrows S, Keelan JA, Hickey M, Mori TA. Prenatal Testosterone Associates With Blood Pressure in Young Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study. Hypertension 2021; 77:1756-1764. [PMID: 33775121 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Le-Ha
- From the Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Campus (C.L-H, L.J.B., S.B., T.A.M.), the University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- From the Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Campus (C.L-H, L.J.B., S.B., T.A.M.), the University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Sally Burrows
- From the Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Campus (C.L-H, L.J.B., S.B., T.A.M.), the University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Jeffrey A Keelan
- the School of Biomedical Sciences (J.A.K.), the University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Martha Hickey
- the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (M.H.)
| | - Trevor A Mori
- From the Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Campus (C.L-H, L.J.B., S.B., T.A.M.), the University of Western Australia, Perth
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We have focused on recent research relevant to effects of dietary patterns and major food groups on cardiovascular outcomes, taking into account guidelines and position statements from expert authorities, with an emphasis on important changes in recommendations, some of which remain controversial. RECENT FINDINGS Major findings include: refocusing on qualitative patterns of food consumption replacing quantitative prescriptive advice on nutrients; increasing intake of plant foods; substituting saturated fats with polyunsaturated and monounsaturated oils; reducing salt intake; regular consumption of fish with a focus on omega-3 enrichment; not restricting dairy foods, other than butter and cream, with encouragement of some fermented products; reducing cholesterol intake for those at increased cardiovascular risk and diabetes, allowing 7-eggs weekly; restricting processed meats and allowing moderate lean meat consumption; preference for fiber-rich complex carbohydrates and reduced sugar intake; maintaining healthy bodyweight; and although water is the preferred beverage, allowing moderate alcohol consumption to national guidelines and avoiding alcohol in specific cardiovascular disorders. SUMMARY The new approach that focuses on healthier patterns of food intake is more readily understood by health practitioners and translatable to consumers and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Vehmeijer FOL, Küpers LK, Sharp GC, Salas LA, Lent S, Jima DD, Tindula G, Reese S, Qi C, Gruzieva O, Page C, Rezwan FI, Melton PE, Nohr E, Escaramís G, Rzehak P, Heiskala A, Gong T, Tuominen ST, Gao L, Ross JP, Starling AP, Holloway JW, Yousefi P, Aasvang GM, Beilin LJ, Bergström A, Binder E, Chatzi L, Corpeleijn E, Czamara D, Eskenazi B, Ewart S, Ferre N, Grote V, Gruszfeld D, Håberg SE, Hoyo C, Huen K, Karlsson R, Kull I, Langhendries JP, Lepeule J, Magnus MC, Maguire RL, Molloy PL, Monnereau C, Mori TA, Oken E, Räikkönen K, Rifas-Shiman S, Ruiz-Arenas C, Sebert S, Ullemar V, Verduci E, Vonk JM, Xu CJ, Yang IV, Zhang H, Zhang W, Karmaus W, Dabelea D, Muhlhausler BS, Breton CV, Lahti J, Almqvist C, Jarvelin MR, Koletzko B, Vrijheid M, Sørensen TIA, Huang RC, Arshad SH, Nystad W, Melén E, Koppelman GH, London SJ, Holland N, Bustamante M, Murphy SK, Hivert MF, Baccarelli A, Relton CL, Snieder H, Jaddoe VWV, Felix JF. DNA methylation and body mass index from birth to adolescence: meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies. Genome Med 2020; 12:105. [PMID: 33239103 PMCID: PMC7687793 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-020-00810-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation has been shown to be associated with adiposity in adulthood. However, whether similar DNA methylation patterns are associated with childhood and adolescent body mass index (BMI) is largely unknown. More insight into this relationship at younger ages may have implications for future prevention of obesity and its related traits. METHODS We examined whether DNA methylation in cord blood and whole blood in childhood and adolescence was associated with BMI in the age range from 2 to 18 years using both cross-sectional and longitudinal models. We performed meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies including up to 4133 children from 23 studies. We examined the overlap of findings reported in previous studies in children and adults with those in our analyses and calculated enrichment. RESULTS DNA methylation at three CpGs (cg05937453, cg25212453, and cg10040131), each in a different age range, was associated with BMI at Bonferroni significance, P < 1.06 × 10-7, with a 0.96 standard deviation score (SDS) (standard error (SE) 0.17), 0.32 SDS (SE 0.06), and 0.32 BMI SDS (SE 0.06) higher BMI per 10% increase in methylation, respectively. DNA methylation at nine additional CpGs in the cross-sectional childhood model was associated with BMI at false discovery rate significance. The strength of the associations of DNA methylation at the 187 CpGs previously identified to be associated with adult BMI, increased with advancing age across childhood and adolescence in our analyses. In addition, correlation coefficients between effect estimates for those CpGs in adults and in children and adolescents also increased. Among the top findings for each age range, we observed increasing enrichment for the CpGs that were previously identified in adults (birth Penrichment = 1; childhood Penrichment = 2.00 × 10-4; adolescence Penrichment = 2.10 × 10-7). CONCLUSIONS There were only minimal associations of DNA methylation with childhood and adolescent BMI. With the advancing age of the participants across childhood and adolescence, we observed increasing overlap with altered DNA methylation loci reported in association with adult BMI. These findings may be compatible with the hypothesis that DNA methylation differences are mostly a consequence rather than a cause of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florianne O L Vehmeijer
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na-2918, Erasmus MC, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leanne K Küpers
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gemma C Sharp
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Samantha Lent
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dereje D Jima
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Gwen Tindula
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Reese
- Department of Health and Human Services, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Cancan Qi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Page
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Faisal I Rezwan
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Philip E Melton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Austalia, Australia
| | - Ellen Nohr
- Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Geòrgia Escaramís
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Peter Rzehak
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Anni Heiskala
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tong Gong
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samuli T Tuominen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason P Ross
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne P Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Yousefi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gunn Marit Aasvang
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Anna Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eva Corpeleijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Susan Ewart
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Natalia Ferre
- Pediatrics, Nutrition and Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Veit Grote
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Dariusz Gruszfeld
- Neonatal Department, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Siri E Håberg
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Karen Huen
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Kull
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Johanna Lepeule
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, IAB, Grenoble, France
| | - Maria C Magnus
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rachel L Maguire
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Peter L Molloy
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire Monnereau
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na-2918, Erasmus MC, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sheryl Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Arenas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vilhelmina Ullemar
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Judith M Vonk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, CiiM, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Catarina Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, and The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section on Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Syed Hasan Arshad
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - Wenche Nystad
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergy, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephanie J London
- Department of Health and Human Services, Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Nina Holland
- Children's Environmental Health Laboratory, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na-2918, Erasmus MC, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na-2918, Erasmus MC, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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35
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Nestel PJ, Beilin LJ, Clifton PM, Watts GF, Mori TA. Practical Guidance for Food Consumption to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease. Heart Lung Circ 2020; 30:163-179. [PMID: 33158734 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This dietary guidance, informed by best contemporary evidence, aims to assist medical practitioners and allied health professionals in advising patients for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). While differing in some details from other current guidelines, the core messages accord with those published in 2019 by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and the European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society; the National Lipid Association in 2014 and the NH&MRC Australian Dietary Guidelines in 2013. These were assessed through the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) and the levels of evidence and classes of a recommendation developed using the GRADE system. Recommendations with high levels of evidence include increased consumption of plant based foods comprising mainly complex, fibre enriched carbohydrates (wholegrains, fruits and vegetables) while limiting intake of refined starches; partial replacement of saturated fats with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fats and oils; reduced salt intake; achievement and maintenance of healthy weight; and low-to-moderate consumption of alcohol. Additional guidance but with moderate levels of evidence includes increased consumption of fish (and fish oils where indicated); reduction in sugar-sweetened beverages and added sugars; avoidance of butter and cream especially in those at increased CVD risk but encouragement of yoghurt; allow moderate consumption of lean meat but limit intake of processed meats; and limit cholesterol-rich foods such as eggs and crustaceans for those at increased CVD risk. Guidance has been formulated qualitatively on food categories of commonly eaten foods while avoiding prescriptive quantitative measures that are less readily translatable. This approach accords with current guidelines such as the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2019 guidelines and is understandable and readily implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Nestel
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Peter M Clifton
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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36
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Ernst ME, Chowdhury EK, Beilin LJ, Margolis KL, Nelson MR, Wolfe R, Tonkin AM, Ryan J, Woods RL, McNeil JJ, Reid CM. Long-Term Blood Pressure Variability and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events Among Community-Dwelling Elderly. Hypertension 2020; 76:1945-1952. [PMID: 33131315 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
High office blood pressure variability (OBPV) in midlife increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the impact of OBPV in older adults without previous CVD is unknown. We conducted a post hoc analysis of ASPREE trial (Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) participants aged 70-years and older (65 for US minorities) without history of CVD events at baseline, to examine risk of incident CVD associated with long-term, visit-to-visit OBPV. CVD was a prespecified, adjudicated secondary end point in ASPREE. We estimated OBPV using within-individual SD of mean systolic BP from baseline and first 2 annual visits. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI for associations with CVD events. In 16 475 participants who survived to year 2 without events, those in the highest tertile of OBPV had increased risk of CVD events after adjustment for multiple covariates, when compared with participants in the lowest tertile (HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.08-1.70]; P=0.01). Similar increased risk was observed for ischemic stroke (HR, 1.56 [95% CI, 1.04-2.33]; P=0.03), heart failure hospitalization, or death (HR, 1.73 [95% CI, 1.07-2.79]; P=0.02), and all-cause mortality (HR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.04-1.54]; P=0.02). Findings were consistent when stratifying participants by use of antihypertensive drugs, while sensitivity analyses suggested the increased risk was especially for individuals whose BP was uncontrolled during the OBPV estimation period. Our findings support increased OBPV as a risk factor for CVD events in healthy older adults with, or without hypertension, who have not had such events previously. Registration- URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifiers: NCT01038583; URL: https://www.isrctn.com; Unique identifiers: ISRCTN83772183.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Ernst
- From the Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy; and, Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.E.E.)
| | - Enayet K Chowdhury
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (E.K.C., R.W., A.M.T., J.R., R.L.W., J.J.M., C.M.R.).,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia (E.K.C., C.M.R.)
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia (L.J.B.)
| | | | - Mark R Nelson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmani, Hobart, Australia (M.R.N.)
| | - Rory Wolfe
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (E.K.C., R.W., A.M.T., J.R., R.L.W., J.J.M., C.M.R.)
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (E.K.C., R.W., A.M.T., J.R., R.L.W., J.J.M., C.M.R.)
| | - Joanne Ryan
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (E.K.C., R.W., A.M.T., J.R., R.L.W., J.J.M., C.M.R.)
| | - Robyn L Woods
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (E.K.C., R.W., A.M.T., J.R., R.L.W., J.J.M., C.M.R.)
| | - John J McNeil
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (E.K.C., R.W., A.M.T., J.R., R.L.W., J.J.M., C.M.R.)
| | - Christopher M Reid
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (E.K.C., R.W., A.M.T., J.R., R.L.W., J.J.M., C.M.R.).,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia (E.K.C., C.M.R.)
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37
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Howie EK, McVeigh JA, Smith AJ, Zabatiero J, Bucks RS, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Straker LM. Physical activity trajectories from childhood to late adolescence and their implications for health in young adulthood. Prev Med 2020; 139:106224. [PMID: 32735989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity has been associated with physical and mental health across the life course, yet few studies have used group-based trajectory modeling to examine the effect of longitudinal patterns of physical activity during childhood and adolescence on adult health outcomes. The Raine Study data from Gen2 follow-ups at 8, 10, 14, 17, 20, and 22 years collected between 1998 and 2014 were used. Latent class analysis identified trajectories using parent-reported physical activity for ages 8 to 17. Associations between trajectories and physical and mental health outcomes at ages 20 and 22 were explored, adjusting for current physical activity and considering sex interactions. Analysis in 2019 identified three trajectories: low (13%), mid (65%) and high (22%) physical activity (n = 1628). Compared to the low-activity trajectory, those in the high-activity trajectory had lower adiposity, insulin, HOMA-IR and fewer diagnosed disorders, higher HDL-cholesterol, and faster cognitive processing. For example, those in the high-activity trajectory had lower percent body fat at age 20 compared to those in the mid-activity (-4.2%, 95%CI: -5.8, -2.7) and low-activity (-9.5%, 95%CI: -11.7, -7.2) trajectories. Physical activity trajectories showed different associations between sexes for self-reported physical and mental health, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and depression symptoms. Being in the high- or mid-activity trajectory was associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic and mental health profile in young adulthood. Strategies are needed to help less active children to increase physical activity throughout childhood and adolescence to improve young adult health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Howie
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - J A McVeigh
- School of Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy & Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A J Smith
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J Zabatiero
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - R S Bucks
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - T A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - L J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - L M Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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38
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Vogelezang S, Bradfield JP, Ahluwalia TS, Curtin JA, Lakka TA, Grarup N, Scholz M, van der Most PJ, Monnereau C, Stergiakouli E, Heiskala A, Horikoshi M, Fedko IO, Vilor-Tejedor N, Cousminer DL, Standl M, Wang CA, Viikari J, Geller F, Íñiguez C, Pitkänen N, Chesi A, Bacelis J, Yengo L, Torrent M, Ntalla I, Helgeland Ø, Selzam S, Vonk JM, Zafarmand MH, Heude B, Farooqi IS, Alyass A, Beaumont RN, Have CT, Rzehak P, Bilbao JR, Schnurr TM, Barroso I, Bønnelykke K, Beilin LJ, Carstensen L, Charles MA, Chawes B, Clément K, Closa-Monasterolo R, Custovic A, Eriksson JG, Escribano J, Groen-Blokhuis M, Grote V, Gruszfeld D, Hakonarson H, Hansen T, Hattersley AT, Hollensted M, Hottenga JJ, Hyppönen E, Johansson S, Joro R, Kähönen M, Karhunen V, Kiess W, Knight BA, Koletzko B, Kühnapfel A, Landgraf K, Langhendries JP, Lehtimäki T, Leinonen JT, Li A, Lindi V, Lowry E, Bustamante M, Medina-Gomez C, Melbye M, Michaelsen KF, Morgen CS, Mori TA, Nielsen TRH, Niinikoski H, Oldehinkel AJ, Pahkala K, Panoutsopoulou K, Pedersen O, Pennell CE, Power C, Reijneveld SA, Rivadeneira F, Simpson A, Sly PD, Stokholm J, Teo KK, Thiering E, Timpson NJ, Uitterlinden AG, van Beijsterveldt CEM, van Schaik BDC, Vaudel M, Verduci E, Vinding RK, Vogel M, Zeggini E, Sebert S, Lind MV, Brown CD, Santa-Marina L, Reischl E, Frithioff-Bøjsøe C, Meyre D, Wheeler E, Ong K, Nohr EA, Vrijkotte TGM, Koppelman GH, Plomin R, Njølstad PR, Dedoussis GD, Froguel P, Sørensen TIA, Jacobsson B, Freathy RM, Zemel BS, Raitakari O, Vrijheid M, Feenstra B, Lyytikäinen LP, Snieder H, Kirsten H, Holt PG, Heinrich J, Widén E, Sunyer J, Boomsma DI, Järvelin MR, Körner A, Davey Smith G, Holm JC, Atalay M, Murray C, Bisgaard H, McCarthy MI, Jaddoe VWV, Grant SFA, Felix JF. Novel loci for childhood body mass index and shared heritability with adult cardiometabolic traits. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008718. [PMID: 33045005 PMCID: PMC7581004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic background of childhood body mass index (BMI), and the extent to which the well-known associations of childhood BMI with adult diseases are explained by shared genetic factors, are largely unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of BMI in 61,111 children aged between 2 and 10 years. Twenty-five independent loci reached genome-wide significance in the combined discovery and replication analyses. Two of these, located near NEDD4L and SLC45A3, have not previously been reported in relation to either childhood or adult BMI. Positive genetic correlations of childhood BMI with birth weight and adult BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure and type 2 diabetes were detected (Rg ranging from 0.11 to 0.76, P-values <0.002). A negative genetic correlation of childhood BMI with age at menarche was observed. Our results suggest that the biological processes underlying childhood BMI largely, but not completely, overlap with those underlying adult BMI. The well-known observational associations of BMI in childhood with cardio-metabolic diseases in adulthood may reflect partial genetic overlap, but in light of previous evidence, it is also likely that they are explained through phenotypic continuity of BMI from childhood into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Vogelezang
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan P. Bradfield
- Quantinuum Research LLC, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John A. Curtin
- Division of Infection Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Timo A. Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter J. van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Claire Monnereau
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evie Stergiakouli
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Anni Heiskala
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Iryna O. Fedko
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natalia Vilor-Tejedor
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana L. Cousminer
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carol A. Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Frank Geller
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carmen Íñiguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Statistics and Computational Research–Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Niina Pitkänen
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jonas Bacelis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Loic Yengo
- University Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199—European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Maties Torrent
- Area de Salut de Menorca ib-salut, Menorca, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Øyvind Helgeland
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Health Data and Digitalization, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Saskia Selzam
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Judith M. Vonk
- Department of Epidemiology, GRIAC (Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohammed H. Zafarmand
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université de Paris, CRESS, INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Ismaa Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Akram Alyass
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Robin N. Beaumont
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Christian T. Have
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Rzehak
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Jose Ramon Bilbao
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biocrues-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Theresia M. Schnurr
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lawrence J. Beilin
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lisbeth Carstensen
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Bo Chawes
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karine Clément
- Nutrition and Obesities; systemic approaches research unit, Sorbonne University, INSERM, Pitie- Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique hôpital de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ricardo Closa-Monasterolo
- Pediatrics, Nutrition and Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Adnan Custovic
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joaquin Escribano
- Pediatrics, Nutrition and Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Maria Groen-Blokhuis
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Veit Grote
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Dariusz Gruszfeld
- Neonatal Department, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew T. Hattersley
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, and Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Mette Hollensted
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elina Hyppönen
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Population, Policy and Practice, UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stefan Johansson
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Raimo Joro
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bridget A. Knight
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, and Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Kühnapfel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jaakko T. Leinonen
- Institute For Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aihuali Li
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Virpi Lindi
- University of Eastern Finland Library Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Estelle Lowry
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Kim F. Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla S. Morgen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Insitute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trevor A. Mori
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tenna R. H. Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Harri Niinikoski
- Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Katja Pahkala
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Paavo Nurmi Centre, Sports and Exercise Medicine Unit, Department of Physical Activity and Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kalliope Panoutsopoulou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Craig E. Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Christine Power
- Population, Policy and Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Angela Simpson
- Division of Infection Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D. Sly
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- World Health Organization, WHO Collaborating Centre for Children’s Health and Environment, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kook K. Teo
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Barbera D. C. van Schaik
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Vaudel
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rebecca K. Vinding
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mandy Vogel
- Center for Pediatric Research, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Section of Genomics of Common Disease, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mads V. Lind
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher D. Brown
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiologia y Salud Publica-CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
- Subdirección Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eva Reischl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Frithioff-Bøjsøe
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - David Meyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ken Ong
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit & Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, England
| | - Ellen A. Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard H. Koppelman
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, GRIAC (Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Plomin
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pål R. Njølstad
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescents, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - George D. Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Philippe Froguel
- University Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199—European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
- Section of Genomics of Common Disease, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thorkild I. A. Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Health Data and Digitalization, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rachel M. Freathy
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Babette S. Zemel
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patrick G. Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Inner City Clinic, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Widén
- Institute For Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute and Amsterdam Reproduction & Development research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jens-Christian Holm
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Mustafa Atalay
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Clare Murray
- Division of Infection Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Struan F. A. Grant
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Neonatal Department, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Janine F. Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Justice AE, Chittoor G, Gondalia R, Melton PE, Lim E, Grove ML, Whitsel EA, Liu CT, Cupples LA, Fernandez-Rhodes L, Guan W, Bressler J, Fornage M, Boerwinkle E, Li Y, Demerath E, Heard-Costa N, Levy D, Stewart JD, Baccarelli A, Hou L, Conneely K, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Huang RC, Gordon-Larsen P, Howard AG, North KE. Methylome-wide association study of central adiposity implicates genes involved in immune and endocrine systems. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1483-1499. [PMID: 32901515 PMCID: PMC7923253 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We conducted a methylome-wide association study to examine associations between DNA methylation in whole blood and central adiposity and body fat distribution, measured as waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio adjusted for body mass index, in 2684 African-American adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Materials & methods: We validated significantly associated cytosine-phosphate-guanine methylation sites (CpGs) among adults using the Women's Health Initiative and Framingham Heart Study participants (combined n = 5743) and generalized associations in adolescents from The Raine Study (n = 820). Results & conclusion: We identified 11 CpGs that were robustly associated with one or more central adiposity trait in adults and two in adolescents, including CpG site associations near TXNIP, ADCY7, SREBF1 and RAP1GAP2 that had not previously been associated with obesity-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Justice
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, PA 17822, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Geetha Chittoor
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Rahul Gondalia
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Phillip E Melton
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, MRF Building, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health & Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TA, 7000 Australia
| | - Elise Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
| | - Lindsay Fernandez-Rhodes
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Center for Human Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Nancy Heard-Costa
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Dan Levy
- Population sciences branch, NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - James D Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Departments of Environmental Health Sciences & Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Karen Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Annie Green Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
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Chowdhury EK, Ernst ME, Nelson MR, Beilin LJ, Margolis KL, Wolfe R, Tonkin A, Woods R, McNeil JJ, Reid C. Abstract P169: Change In Blood Pressure Level And Its Association With Cardiovascular Events In The Healthy Elderly: Findings From The Aspirin In Reducing Events In The Elderly Trial. Hypertension 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.76.suppl_1.p169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) increases with age and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined change in BP level over a median of 4.7 years in ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly trial participants, and its association with CVD events. Participants with baseline and at least one in-trial BP measurement were included. Since CVD event can affect BP (before and after), participants having a non-fatal CVD event in between in-trial BP records were excluded. Participants were classified according to baseline BP level, irrespective of antihypertensive use, into three groups (A) normal (SBP<130 & DBP<80 mmHg), (B) elevated (SBP 130-139 and/or DBP 80-89) and (C) high (BP≥140/90). Thereafter, based on the average of their in-trial BP level, participants were again classified into three BP categories (i.e. normal /elevated /high). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine the association of CVD events with change in BP group in relation to their baseline. 17543 ASPREE participants were included in the analysis. At baseline, 26% had normal, 25% had elevated and 49% had high BP. Participants’ BP status during the trial period and its association with CVD events in relation to baseline BP category are summarized in the Figure. Among those with high BP at baseline, 60% remained with high BP, 28% moved down to elevated BP, and 11% moved to normal BP. Reduced CVD risk was observed among participants who reduced BP to elevated BP category from high BP during the trial period. However, no difference was observed in risk reduction among those achieving normal BP levels from baseline high BP. An increase in BP from normal category demonstrates a two times increase in CVD risk.
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Rauschert S, Melton PE, Heiskala A, Karhunen V, Burdge G, Craig JM, Godfrey KM, Lillycrop K, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Oddy WH, Pennell C, Järvelin MR, Sebert S, Huang RC. Machine Learning-Based DNA Methylation Score for Fetal Exposure to Maternal Smoking: Development and Validation in Samples Collected from Adolescents and Adults. Environ Health Perspect 2020; 128:97003. [PMID: 32930613 PMCID: PMC7491641 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with the development of noncommunicable diseases in the offspring. Maternal smoking may induce such long-term effects through persistent changes in the DNA methylome, which therefore hold the potential to be used as a biomarker of this early life exposure. With declining costs for measuring DNA methylation, we aimed to develop a DNA methylation score that can be used on adolescent DNA methylation data and thereby generate a score for in utero cigarette smoke exposure. METHODS We used machine learning methods to create a score reflecting exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy. This score is based on peripheral blood measurements of DNA methylation (Illumina's Infinium HumanMethylation450K BeadChip). The score was developed and tested in the Raine Study with data from 995 white 17-y-old participants using 10-fold cross-validation. The score was further tested and validated in independent data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC1986) (16-y-olds) and 1966 (NFBC1966) (31-y-olds). Further, three previously proposed DNA methylation scores were applied for comparison. The final score was developed with 204 CpGs using elastic net regression. RESULTS Sensitivity and specificity values for the best performing previously developed classifier ("Reese Score") were 88% and 72% for Raine, 87% and 61% for NFBC1986 and 72% and 70% for NFBC1966, respectively; corresponding figures using the elastic net regression approach were 91% and 76% (Raine), 87% and 75% (NFBC1986), and 72% and 78% for NFBC1966. CONCLUSION We have developed a DNA methylation score for exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy, outperforming the three previously developed scores. One possible application of the current score could be for model adjustment purposes or to assess its association with distal health outcomes where part of the effect can be attributed to maternal smoking. Further, it may provide a biomarker for fetal exposure to maternal smoking. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6076.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Rauschert
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Phillip E. Melton
- Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Anni Heiskala
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Graham Burdge
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Jeffrey M. Craig
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Molecular Epidemiology, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Karen Lillycrop
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Trevor A. Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Lawrence J. Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Wendy H. Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Craig Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Genomic Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Vine DF, Beilin LJ, Burrows S, Huang RC, Hickey M, Hart R, Proctor SD, Mori TA. ApoB48-Lipoproteins Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Endocr Soc 2020; 4:bvaa061. [PMID: 32803089 PMCID: PMC7417872 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have increased incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors including dyslipidemia. Atherogenic apolipoprotein (apo) B-lipoprotein remnants are associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of fasting plasma apoB-lipoprotein remnants, apoB48 and apoB100, and their association with cardiometabolic risk factors and androgen indices in adolescent girls with and without PCOS. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Participants (n = 184) aged 17 years were recruited in the Menstruation in Teenagers Study from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. THE MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Fasting plasma apo-B48 and -B100 lipoprotein remnant concentrations in adolescent girls with and without PCOS. RESULTS Fasting plasma apoB48-lipoprotein remnants but not apoB100-lipoprotein remnants were elevated in adolescent girls with increased cardiometabolic risk compared with those with lower cardiometabolic risk (13.91 ± 5.06 vs 12.09 ± 4.47 µg/mL, P < .01). ApoB48-lipoprotein remnants were positively correlated with fasting plasma triglycerides (b = .43, P < .0001). The prevalence of increased cardiometabolic risk factors was 2-fold higher in those diagnosed with PCOS (35.3%) than in those without PCOS (16.3%).Conclusion: Adolescents with PCOS have a 2-fold higher incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors than those without PCOS. Fasting apoB48-lipoprotein remnants are elevated in adolescent girls with a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna F Vine
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia
| | - Sally Burrows
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- The Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Martha Hickey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Royal Women’s Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger Hart
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia
| | - Spencer D Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Perth, Australia
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Chin J, Mori TA, Adams LA, Beilin LJ, Huang RC, Olynyk JK, Ayonrinde OT. Association between remnant lipoprotein cholesterol levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents. JHEP Rep 2020; 2:100150. [PMID: 32984791 PMCID: PMC7495103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C) is an atherogenic lipid profile associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). With increased rates of CVD seen in adults with NAFLD, RLP-C has the potential to identify individuals with NAFLD who are at increased risk of CVD. This study examined in adolescents sex-different associations among RLP-C, NAFLD, and cardiometabolic risk factors, and whether RLP-C is associated with NAFLD beyond traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods Adolescents in the Raine Study had anthropometry, clinical, biochemistry and arterial stiffness measurements recorded at 17 years of age. Fatty liver, subcutaneous and visceral adipose thickness were assessed using abdominal ultrasound. Relationships among RLP-C, NAFLD, liver biochemistry, insulin resistance, adipokines, adiposity and arterial stiffness were assessed. Results NAFLD was diagnosed in 15.1% (19.6% females and 10.7% males) of adolescents. Increasing RLP-C levels were associated with increasing severity of hepatic steatosis and metabolic syndrome. Adolescents with NAFLD and serum RLP-C levels in the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile, had higher serum leptin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, subcutaneous and visceral adipose thickness, systolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness, but lower adiponectin and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. Using multivariable logistic regression, RLP-C in the lowest quartile compared with the highest quartile was associated with 85% lower odds of NAFLD in males and 55% in females, after adjusting for waist circumference, leptin, ALT, adiponectin and HOMA-IR. Conclusions There is an association between RLP-C and NAFLD beyond traditional risk factors of adiposity and insulin resistance in adolescents. Although raised serum RLP-C levels were associated with the severity of hepatic steatosis and markers of cardiometabolic risk, lower serum RLP-C might reflect reduced cardiovascular risk. Lay summary Remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C) is a part of the blood cholesterol that is linked with heart disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults. In the Raine Study, teenagers with high RLP-C levels had more severe fat accumulation in their liver. Thus, RLP-C might be the hidden link between NAFLD and future risk of heart disease. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and heart disease share risk factors. Serum remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C) is linked with severity of liver fat. Males with NAFLD have higher cardiometabolic risk. RLP-C may contribute to risk of cardiovascular disease in people with NAFLD.
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Key Words
- AIx, Aortic Augmentation Index
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Adiposity
- Arterial stiffness
- C-AGPH-HR75, Central Augmentation Pressure/Pulse Height Ratio at Heart Rate 75
- Cardiometabolic risk
- GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
- HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance
- IDF, International Diabetes Federation
- LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- Lipids
- Metabolic syndrome
- NAFLD
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- OR, odds ratio
- Q1, lowest (first) quartile
- Q2, second quartile
- Q3, third quartile
- Q4, top (fourth) quartile
- RLP-C, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol
- Raine study
- T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus
- TG, triglycerides
- VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein
- hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Chin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Leon A Adams
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - John K Olynyk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Oyekoya T Ayonrinde
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
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Hart RJ, Doherty DA, Mori TA, Adams LA, Huang RC, Minaee N, Handelsman DJ, McLachlan R, Norman RJ, Dickinson JE, Olynyk JK, Beilin LJ. Features of the metabolic syndrome in late adolescence are associated with impaired testicular function at 20 years of age. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:389-402. [PMID: 30576537 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are early signs of metabolic disorder in late adolescence associated with features of impaired testicular function many years before the majority seek parenthood? SUMMARY ANSWER Adolescents with features of metabolic disorder at 17 years, or insulin resistance (IR) at 20 years of age, show impaired testicular function and altered hormone levels compared to those without metabolic disorder. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Controversial evidence suggests a recent decline in sperm production potentially linked to environmental influences, but its cause remains unclear. Concomitant increases in obesity and diabetes suggest that lifestyle factors may contribute to this decline in testicular function. Although obesity has been associated with adverse testicular function in some studies, it remains unclear whether poor testicular function merely reflects, or causes, poor metabolic health. If metabolic disorder were present in adolescence, prior to the onset of obesity, this may suggest that metabolic disorder maybe a precursor of impaired testicular function. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study is a longitudinal study of children born in 1989-1991 who have undergone detailed physical assessments since birth (1454 male infants born). At 17 years of age, 490 boys underwent a hepatic ultrasound examination, serum cytokine assessment (n = 520) and a metabolic assessment (n = 544). A further metabolic assessment was performed at 20 years (n = 608). Testicular assessment was performed at 20 years; 609 had reproductive hormones measured, 404 underwent a testicular ultrasound and 365 produced a semen sample. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Testicular volume was estimated by ultrasonography, and semen analysis was performed according to World Health Organization guidelines. Concentrations of LH, FSH and inhibin B (inhB) in serum were measured by immunoassay and total testosterone by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.At 17 years of age, a liver ultrasound examination was performed to determine the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and serum analysed for the cytokines interleukin-18 and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 and 2 (sTNFR1, sTNFR2).At 17 and 20 years of age, fasting blood samples were analysed for serum liver enzymes, insulin, glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and uric acid. The homoeostatic model assessment (HOMA) was calculated and approximated IR was defined by a HOMA >4. Anthropometric data was collected and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement performed for lean and total fat mass. As at this young age the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was expected to be low, a two-step cluster analysis was used using waist circumference, TGs, insulin, and systolic blood pressure to derive a distinct high-risk group with features consistent with the metabolic syndrome and increased cardiometabolic risk. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Men at age 17 years with increased cardiometabolic risk had lower concentrations of serum testosterone (medians: 4.0 versus 4.9 ng/mL) and inhB (193.2 versus 221.9 pg/mL) (P < 0.001 for both) compared to those within the low risk metabolic cluster. Men with ultrasound evidence of NAFLD (n = 45, 9.8%) had reduced total sperm output (medians: 68.0 versus 126.00 million, P = 0.044), testosterone (4.0 versus 4.7 ng/mL, P = 0.005) and inhB (209.1 versus 218.4 pg/mL, P = 0.032) compared to men without NAFLD.Men with higher concentrations of sTNFR1 at 17 years of age had a lower sperm output and serum concentration of inhB, with an increase in LH and FSH (all P < 0.05 after adjustment for age, BMI, abstinence and a history of cryptorchidism, varicocele, cigarette smoking, alcohol and drug use), compared to those without an elevated sTNFR1. Multivariable regression analysis, adjusting for confounders, demonstrated that men in the high-risk metabolic cluster at 20 years had a lower serum testosterone and inhB (P = 0.003 and P = 0.001, respectively). A HOMA-IR > 4 was associated with a lower serum testosterone (P = <0.001) and inhB (P = 0.010) and an increase in serum FSH (P = 0.015). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study is limited by the sample size and multiple comparisons, and causality cannot be proven from an observational study. Due to a 3-year interval between some metabolic assessments and assessment of testicular function, we cannot exclude the introduction of a bias into the study, as some of the participants and their testicular function will not have been fully mature at the 17-year assessment. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Irrespective of a proven causation, our study findings are important in that a significant minority of the men, prior to seeking parenthood, presented co-existent features of metabolic disorder and signs of testicular impairment. Of particular note is that the presence of NAFLD at 17 years of age, although only present in a minority of men, was associated with an almost 50% reduction in sperm output at 20 years of age, and that the presence of IR at 20 years was associated with a 20% reduction in testicular volume. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by Australian NHMRC (Grant Numbers 634457, 35351417 and 403981) and received support from the Raine Medical Research Foundation, The Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Women and Infants Research Foundation, Curtin University and Edith Cowan University. D.A.D., J.E.D., N.M., L.A.A., R.-C.H., T.A.M., J.K.O., L.J.B. have nothing to declare. R.J.H. is Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, has equity interests in Western IVF, and has received grant support from MSD, Merck-Serono and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. RMcL has equity interests in the Monash IVF Group. R.J.N. has equity interests in FertilitySA, and has received grant support from Merck Serono and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. D.J.H. has received institutional grant funding (but no personal income) for investigator-initiated testosterone pharmacology studies from Lawley and Besins Healthcare and has provided expert testimony to anti-doping tribunals and for testosterone litigation.This abstract was awarded the Fertility Society of Australia clinical exchange award for the oral presentation at ESHRE, Barcelona, in 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Claremont, Western Australia, Australia
| | - D A Doherty
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Women and Infants Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - T A Mori
- Medical School, UWA, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - L A Adams
- Medical School, UWA, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - R-C Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, UWA, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - N Minaee
- Women and Infants Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - D J Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R McLachlan
- Hudson Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Norman
- Robinson Institute, Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide & Fertility SA, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J E Dickinson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia (UWA), Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J K Olynyk
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fiona Stanley and Fremantle Hospital and School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - L J Beilin
- Medical School, UWA, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
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Willcox JC, Chai D, Beilin LJ, Prescott SL, Silva D, Neppe C, Huang RC. Evaluating Engagement in a Digital and Dietetic Intervention Promoting Healthy Weight Gain in Pregnancy: Mixed Methods Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e17845. [PMID: 32442153 PMCID: PMC7380982 DOI: 10.2196/17845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early excess and inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) have been associated with negative outcomes for mother and child. The use of digital media to deliver pregnancy lifestyle interventions is increasing, but there is little data on participant engagement. The Pregnancy Lifestyle Activity and Nutrition (PLAN) intervention pilot study was an electronic health and dietetic-delivered intervention program promoting healthy GWG in early pregnancy. Objective This study aims to explore the interactions of participants with the program and to assess its acceptability. Methods This study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods using data from parent randomized controlled trial (ACTRN12617000725369). Quantitative data from 22 participants in the intervention arm who completed the study provided measures of the interactions participants had with the digital components of the program and with dietetic consultations. A descriptive qualitative analysis employed semistructured interviews with 9 participants to elicit views on the acceptability of the intervention and its components. Results The electronic delivery of information and recording of weight from 8 to 20 weeks of gestation were universally accepted. Component (face-to-face dietitian, weight tracker, website information delivery, and SMS goal prompting) acceptability and engagement differed between individuals. A total of 4 key themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: supporting lifestyle change, component acceptability and value, delivery platforms, and engagement barriers. Conclusions The PLAN intervention and its delivery via a blend of personal dietetic consultations and digital program delivery was found to be acceptable and valuable to pregnant women. Individuals responded differently to various components, emphasizing the importance of including women in the development of lifestyle interventions and allowing participants to choose and tailor programs. Larger randomized controlled trials using these insights in a broader section of the community are needed to inform the iterative development of practical, time-efficient, and cost-effective ways of supporting optimal GWG with the potential to optimize outcomes for pregnant women and their child.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Desiree Silva
- Joondalup Health Campus, Shenton Avenue, Perth, Australia
| | - Cliff Neppe
- Joondalup Health Campus, Shenton Avenue, Perth, Australia
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46
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Krysa JA, Vine DF, Beilin LJ, Burrows S, Huang RC, Mori TA, Proctor SD. ApoB48-remnant lipoproteins are associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in adolescents. Atherosclerosis 2020; 302:20-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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47
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McNeil JJ, Woods RL, Ward SA, Britt CJ, Lockery JE, Beilin LJ, Owen AJ. Cohort Profile: The ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP). Int J Epidemiol 2020; 48:1048-1049h. [PMID: 30624660 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John J McNeil
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephanie A Ward
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carlene J Britt
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica E Lockery
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Alice J Owen
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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48
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Chowdhury EK, Nelson MR, Ernst ME, Margolis KL, Beilin LJ, Johnston CI, Woods RL, Murray AM, Wolfe R, Storey E, Shah RC, Lockery JE, Tonkin AM, Newman AB, Williamson JD, Abhayaratna WP, Stocks NP, Fitzgerald SM, Orchard SG, Trevaks RE, Donnan GA, Grimm R, McNeil JJ, Reid CM. Factors Associated With Treatment and Control of Hypertension in a Healthy Elderly Population Free of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-sectional Study. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:350-361. [PMID: 31807750 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite readily available treatments, control of blood pressure (BP) with population aging remains suboptimal. Further, there are gaps in the understanding of the management of high BP in the aged. We explored antihypertensive treatment and control among elderly hypertensive participants free from overt cardiovascular disease (CVD), and identified factors related to both "untreated" and "treated but uncontrolled" high BP. METHODS We analyzed baseline data from 19,114 individuals aged ≥65 years enrolled from Australia and United States (US) in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly study. Hypertension was defined as an average systolic/diastolic BP ≥140/90 mm Hg and/or the use of any BP lowering medication. "Controlled hypertension" was defined if participants were receiving antihypertensive medication and BP <140 and 90 mm Hg. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize hypertension control rates; logistic regression was used to investigate relationships with treatment and BP control. RESULTS Overall, 74% (14,213/19,114) of participants were hypertensive; and of these 29% (4,151/14,213) were untreated. Among those treated participants, 53% (5,330/10,062) had BP ≥140/90 mm Hg. Participants who were untreated were more likely to be men, have higher educational status, and be in good physical health, and less likely to have significant comorbidities. The factors related to "treated but uncontrolled" BP included older age, male, Black race (vs. White), using antihypertensive monotherapy (vs. multiple) and residing in Australia (vs. US). CONCLUSIONS High levels of "untreated" and "treated but uncontrolled" BP occur in healthy elderly people without CVD, suggesting there are opportunities for better BP control in the primary prevention of CVD in this population. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT01038583.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enayet K Chowdhury
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark R Nelson
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Michael E Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City , IA, USA
| | | | - Lawrence J Beilin
- School of Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Robyn L Woods
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne M Murray
- Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute (HHRI), Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rory Wolfe
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elsdon Storey
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Raj C Shah
- Department of Family Medicine and Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jessica E Lockery
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M Tonkin
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeff D Williamson
- Sticht Center on Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Walter P Abhayaratna
- College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nigel P Stocks
- Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sharyn M Fitzgerald
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruth E Trevaks
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Donnan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Grimm
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John J McNeil
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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49
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Palatini P, Verdecchia P, Beilin LJ, Eguchi K, Imai Y, Kario K, Ohkubo T, Pierdomenico SD, Saladini F, Schwartz JE, Wing L, Signorotti S, Reboldi G. Association of Extreme Nocturnal Dipping With Cardiovascular Events Strongly Depends on Age. Hypertension 2020; 75:324-330. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Whether extreme dipping is associated with cardiovascular events (CVE) is unclear. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the prognostic role of extreme dipping varies as a function of age. The analysis was performed in 10 868 participants (53% men) aged 53±15 (mean±SD) years enrolled in 8 prospective studies. Using the ambulatory systolic blood pressure nocturnal decline, we identified 4 groups: dippers (>10%–20%), nondippers (>0%–10%), reverse dippers (≤0%), and extreme dippers (>20%). The association between dipping category and CVE was estimated as a function of age using Cox models adjusted for sex, average 24-hour systolic blood pressure, and traditional risk factors. During a median follow-up of 5.7 years, there were a total of 829 CVE (168 fatal). For extreme dippers, no increase in risk of CVE was observed among the participants <70 years (hazard ratio, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.73–1.34];
P
=0.93) compared with dippers. In contrast, among the participants ≥70 years, there was a significant increase in risk (hazard ratio, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.14–3.11];
P
=0.013). Among the octogenarians, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for CVE were 2.34 (1.12–4.93) for nondippers (
P
=0.024), 3.91 (1.75–8.73) for reverse dippers (
P
=0.001), and 4.12 (1.64–10.37) for extreme dippers (
P
=0.003) compared with dippers. These data show that extreme dipping is not associated with poorer outcome in people younger than 70 years. A U-shaped relationship between nocturnal blood pressure dipping and adverse outcome is present in subjects older than 70 years. In the octogenarian extreme dippers, the risk of CVEs was 4× higher than in the dippers and similar to that in the reverse dippers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Palatini
- From the University of Padova, Padua, Italy (P.P., F.S.)
| | | | | | - Kazuo Eguchi
- Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Tochigi, Japan (K.E., K.K.)
| | - Yutaka Imai
- Tohoku Institute for Monitoring of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan (Y.I., T.O.)
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Tochigi, Japan (K.E., K.K.)
| | - Takayoshi Ohkubo
- Tohoku Institute for Monitoring of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan (Y.I., T.O.)
- Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (T.O.)
| | | | | | - Joseph E. Schwartz
- Columbia University, New York, NY (J.E.S.)
- Stony Brook University, New York, NY (J.E.S.)
| | - Lindon Wing
- Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (L.W.)
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50
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Ward NC, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Johnson S, Williams C, Gan SK, Puddey IB, Woodman R, Phillips M, Connolly E, Hodgson JM. The effect of regular consumption of lupin-containing foods on glycaemic control and blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Food Funct 2020; 11:741-747. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01778j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high glucose and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C. Ward
- School of Public Health
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
- Medical School
| | - Trevor A. Mori
- Medical School
- University of Western Australia
- Perth
- Australia
| | | | - Stuart Johnson
- School of Molecular & Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Carolyn Williams
- Centre for Entrepreneurial Research & Innovation
- Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Seng Khee Gan
- Medical School
- University of Western Australia
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Ian B. Puddey
- Medical School
- University of Western Australia
- Perth
- Australia
| | | | - Michael Phillips
- Centre for Medical Research
- University of Western Australia
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Emma Connolly
- School of Health & Medical Sciences
- Edith Cowan University
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Jonathan M. Hodgson
- Medical School
- University of Western Australia
- Perth
- Australia
- School of Health & Medical Sciences
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