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Embaby EM, Saleh RM, Marghani BH, Barakat N, Awadin W, Elshal MF, Ali IS, Abu-Heakal N. The combined effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and milrinone on acute renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: Potential underlying mechanisms. Life Sci 2023; 323:121435. [PMID: 37068707 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and/or milrinone (MIL) on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) in rats and their possible underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley albino rats were randomly assigned into six equal-sized groups (n = 8): normal control, sham-operated, I/R group (45 min/24 h), ZnO-NPs group (10 mg/Kg i.p.), MIL group (0.5 mg/Kg i.p.), and ZnO-NPs + MIL group in the same previous doses. KEY FINDINGS In comparison to the I/R-operated group, administration of either ZnO-NPs or MIL significantly decreased serum creatinine and urea concentrations, and renal vascular permeability (p < 0.05). The oxidative stress was significantly declined, as evidenced by increased GPx, CAT, and SOD activities and decreased MDA and NO concentrations. Renal expressions of TNF-α, NF-κB, KIM-1, NGAL, and caspase-3 decreased significantly, while Nrf2 increased significantly. Histopathology investigation revealed improvement with minimal renal lesions and fibrosis after ZnO-NPs or MIL treatments. The combined treatments synergistically improved the studied parameters more than either treatment alone. These findings were validated by molecular modeling, which revealed that MIL inhibited TNF-α, NF-kB, caspase-3, KIM-1 and NGAL. SIGNIFICANCE Both ZnO-NPs and MIL exerted cytoprotective effects against acute renal I/RI, and a combination of both was found to be even more effective. This renoprotective effect is suggested to be mediated through activation of Nrf2 and the prevention of the NF-κB activation-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, which may strengthen the potential role of ZnO-NPs or MIL in renal I/RI protection during surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Embaby
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Saleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Basma H Marghani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, South of Sinaa 46612, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Barakat
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Walaa Awadin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Islam S Ali
- Basic Science Department, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Nabil Abu-Heakal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Elia SG, Al-Karmalawy AA, Nasr MY, Elshal MF. Loperamide potentiates doxorubicin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer cells by targeting MDR1 and JNK and suppressing mTOR and Bcl-2: In vitro and molecular docking study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22938. [PMID: 34719826 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the leading cause of treatment failure in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients treated with doxorubicin (DXR). We aimed to investigate the potential of the antidiarrheal drug Loperamide (LPR) in sensitizing TNBC cells to DXR and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Therefore, we examined the effects of DXR alone or in combination with LPR on MDA-MD-231 cells viability using MTT assay, cell cycle, and apoptosis by flow cytometry, and the expression of the MDR-related genes (MDR1 and JNK1) and cell cycle/survival genes (p21, mTOR, and Bcl-2) by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that adding LPR to DXR potentiated its antiproliferation effect and reduced its IC50 by twofolds compared with DXR alone. The value of the combination index of LPR/DXR was <1 indicating a synergistic effect. Combined DXR/LPR treatment also caused G1 arrest and potentiated apoptosis more than DXR-single treatment. At the molecular levels, LPR/DXR treatment downregulated the mRNA of MDR1 (1.35-folds), JNK1 (2.5-folds), mTOR (6.6-folds), Bcl-2 (9.5-folds); while upregulated p21 gene (8-folds) compared with DXR alone. Molecular docking analyses found LPR antagonizes MDR1 and JNK1 proteins, and hence supports the in vitro studies. In conclusion, the results confirmed the potential of LPR in sensitizing TNBCs to DXR by targeting MDR1 and JNK1 and suppressing Bcl-2 and mTOR genes, while upregulating the cell cycle inhibitor gene p21. Additionally, LPR could be repurposed to reduce the therapeutic doses of DXR as indicated by the dose reduction index (DRI) and subsequently decrease its side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenouda G Elia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Y Nasr
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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El-Fadl HMA, Hagag NM, El-Shafei RA, Khayri MH, El-Gedawy G, Maksoud AIAE, Mohamed DD, Mohamed DD, El Halfawy I, Khoder AI, Elawdan KA, Elshal MF, Salah A, Khalil H. Effective Targeting of Raf-1 and Its Associated Autophagy by Novel Extracted Peptide for Treating Breast Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:682596. [PMID: 34513674 PMCID: PMC8430328 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death in women worldwide and has harmful influence on their psychological state during therapy. Multikinase inhibitors have become effective drugs for treating a variety of cancer diseases such as breast cancer. A purified short peptide (H-P) was isolated from the natural honey and tested for its potential regulatory role in breast cancer cells compared with the effectiveness of the anticancer drug, Sorafenib (SOR), using MCF-7, EFM-19, and MCF-10A cell lines. Furthermore, we investigated the direct connection between Raf-1 activation and cellular autophagy as potential targets of SOR and H-P extract using RNA interference. Interestingly, the treatment with H-P showed competitive regulation of phosphorylated Raf-1, MEK1/2, and matched autophagy-related LC3B without any detectable toxic effects in the non-tumorigenic epithelial cells. Unlike SOR, the regulation of Raf-1 protein and autophagic machinery by the novel H-P extract showed neglected levels of the released proinflammatory cytokine. This regulation of cytokine secretion by H-P resulted in decreasing the expression level of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) in treated cells. Moreover, the transfection of MCF-7 cells with small interference RNA (siRNA) antagonist Raf-1 expression markedly reduced the expression of LC3B, while it increased the expression of NF-kB1 and NF-kB2, indicating the potential cross-link between Raf-1, autophagy, and NF-kB effector. Collectively, these findings suggest that H-P-mediated Raf-1, MEK1/2, LC3B, and NF-kB provide a novel and efficacious multikinase inhibitor for treating breast cancer without detectable cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatullah M. Abou El-Fadl
- Genome Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M. Hagag
- Genome Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham A. El-Shafei
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. Khayri
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Gamalat El-Gedawy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, National Liver Institute, Menofyia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud
- Industrial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Doaa D. Mohamed
- Industrial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Dalia D. Mohamed
- Industrial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim El Halfawy
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Khoder
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. Elawdan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F. Elshal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Salah
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Hany Khalil
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Aldahlawi AM, Alzahrani AT, Elshal MF. Evaluation of immunomodulatory effects of Boswellia sacra essential oil on T-cells and dendritic cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:352. [PMID: 33213426 PMCID: PMC7678202 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boswellia sacra resin has been commonly used as analgesic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties, which reflect its immunomodulatory activity. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and sentinel cells that regulate the immune response. This study aims at investigating whether crude essential oil extracted from Boswellia sacra resin (BSEO), has a potential effect on the phenotype and functions of human monocyte-derived DCs. METHODS Oil extract from the resin of Boswellia sacra was prepared by hydrodistillation using a custom made hydrodistiller. BSEO-mediated cell viability has been initially studied on human skin dermis cells (HSD) and DC precursors using quantitative and qualitative assays before applying on DCs. Human DCs were generated from differentiated peripheral blood monocytes cultured in media containing both GM-CSF and IL-4. DCs were exposed to 5 μg/mL or 10 μg/mL of BSEO in vitro. Morphological, phonotypical, and functional properties studied with microscopy, flow cytometry, and ELISA. RESULTS Crude BSEO was found to interfere with the maturation and differentiation of DCs from precursor cells in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). BSEO-treated DCs, cultured in the presence of LPS, reduced the ability of allogeneic T cells to proliferate compared to that co-cultured with LPS-stimulated DCs only. In addition, the endocytic capacity and secretion of IL-10 by DCs treated with BSEO was enhanced in comparison to LPS treated cells. Analysis of the chemical composition of BESO using GC-MS (Clarus 500 GC/MS, PerkinElmer, Shelton, CT) revealed the presence of compounds with several biological activities including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. CONCLUSION Results indicated that BSEO deviates the differentiation of monocytes into immature DCs. Furthermore, stimulation of immature DCs with BSEO was unable to generate full DC maturation. However, these findings may potentially be employed to generate DCs with tolerogenic properties that are able to induce tolerance in diseases with hypersensitivity, autoimmunity as well as transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia M Aldahlawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Immunology Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amani T Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.
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Eliaa SG, Al-Karmalawy AA, Saleh RM, Elshal MF. Empagliflozin and Doxorubicin Synergistically Inhibit the Survival of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via Interfering with the mTOR Pathway and Inhibition of Calmodulin: In Vitro and Molecular Docking Studies. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:1330-1338. [PMID: 33344906 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) comprise 10-15% of all breast cancers but with more resistance affinity against chemotherapeutics. Although doxorubicin (DOX) is the recommended first choice, it has observed cardiotoxicity together with apparent drug resistance. The anti-hyperglycemic drug, empagliflozin (EMP), was recently indicated to have in vitro anticancer potential together with its previously reported cardioprotective properties related to calmodulin inhibition. In this study, we carried out molecular docking studies which revealed the potential blocking of the calmodulin receptor by EMP through its binding with similar crucial amino acids compared to its cocrystallized inhibitor (AAA) as a proposed mechanism of action. Moreover, combination of DOX with EMP showed a slightly lower cytotoxic activity against the MDA-MB-231 cell line (IC50 = 1.700 ± 0.121) compared to DOX alone (IC50 = 1.230 ± 0.131), but it achieved a more characteristic arrest in the growth of cells by 4.67-fold more than DOX alone (with only 3.27-fold) in comparison to the control as determined by cell cycle analysis, and at the same time reached an increase in the total apoptosis percentage from 27.05- to 29.22-fold, compared to DOX alone as indicated by Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay. Briefly, the aforementioned in vitro studies in addition to PCR of pro- and antiapoptotic genes (mTOR, p21, JNK, Bcl2, and MDR1) suggest the chemosensitization effect of EMP combination with DOX which can reduce the required therapeutic dose of DOX in TNBC and eventually will decrease its toxic side effects (especially cardiotoxicity), along with decreasing the chemoresistance of TNBC cells to DOX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenouda G Eliaa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Saleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
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Elshal MF, El Shinnawy SM, ElShabacy FA, Hasabelnaby AS. Immunogenic analysis for involvement of CD200R1 molecule in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Gene Reports 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Eladl AH, Mosad SM, El-Shafei RA, Saleh RM, Ali HS, Badawy BM, Elshal MF. Immunostimulant effect of a mixed herbal extract on infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccinated chickens in the context of a co-infection model of avian influenza virus H9N2 and IBDV. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 72:101505. [PMID: 32563798 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the comparative effects of a mixed herbal extract (MHE) containing Ocimum sanctum, Withania somnifera, Emblica officinalis, Tinospora cordifolia, Mangifera indica, and Asphaltum (shilajit) on infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV)-vaccinated (VAC) chickens infected with IBDV and avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2. The experiment included three groups (G1-G3): G1, the negative control group; G2, the VAC + challenged (Ch) group; and G3, the VAC + Ch + MHE group. MHE was orally administered continuously for 5 weeks post-vaccination (PV) with IBDV at 12 days of age, and the chicks were simultaneously challenged with virulent IBDV (intraocularly) and AIV H9N2 (intranasally) at 21 days PV. Blood and tissue samples as well as tracheal and cloacal swabs were gathered at different times PV and post-challenge. Immunological and haematological parameters, histopathological lesions, relative organ weights and final live weights revealed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between G2 and G3 groups. Furthermore, in the G3 group, the protection rates, ELISA and HI titers and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly increased, whereas viral shedding titers and the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio were decreased. In conclusion, the oral administration of the mixed herbal extract for 5 weeks can stimulate the immune response to IBDV vaccination and relieves the pathogenicity of an AIV H9N2 and IBDV co-infection in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah H Eladl
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Samah M Mosad
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham A El-Shafei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Saleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanaa S Ali
- Department of Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute, Mansoura Branch, Egypt
| | - Basma M Badawy
- Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Egypt
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El-Maadawy EA, Elshal MF, Bakry RM, Moussa MM, El-Naby S, Talaat RM. Regulation of CD4 +CD25 +FOXP3 + cells in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): Implication of cytokines and miRNAs. Mol Immunol 2020; 124:1-8. [PMID: 32480291 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) is one of the immunosuppressive subsets of CD4+ T cells characterized by transcription factor forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) expression which are involved in tumor development and progression. Identification of the factors that influence Treg cell function is extremely important. Our current study aimed to evaluate the frequency of Treg cells, cytokine secretion and the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. The frequency of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Treg was assessed by flow cytometry in 43 ALL patients versus 42 controls. Plasma levels of IL-10, transcription factor β (TGF-β), IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). miR-21, miR-24, miR-26a, miR133b, miR-148a and miR-155 expression were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A slight insignificant increase in Treg cells in ALL patients compared to controls was observed. There was a significant elevation in IL-10 (p < 0.05), IL-6 (p < 0.01), IL-23 (p < 0.05) and TNF-α (p < 0.01) in ALL patients compared with controls. Meanwhile, a significant reduction in TGF-β (p < 0.001) was recorded. A slight insignificant decrease in IL-17 in ALL patients was observed.ALL patients showed a significant increase in miR-21 (p < 0.05), miR-148a (p < 0.01), miR-24 (p < 0.05) and a significant reduction in miR-155 (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the slight change in Treg cells frequency and alteration in related cytokines could possibly involve in the pathogenesis of ALL. Dysregulated miRNAs, as a regulatory mechanism of epigenetics, might contribute to these observed results. Further researches are required to confirm our interesting findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A El-Maadawy
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt.
| | - Rania M Bakry
- South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assuite, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Moussa
- Clinical Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - SobhyHasab El-Naby
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufiya University, Menoufiya, Egypt.
| | - Roba M Talaat
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt.
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Ghanem A, Emara HA, Muawia S, Abd El Maksoud AI, Al-Karmalawy AA, Elshal MF. Tanshinone IIA synergistically enhances the antitumor activity of doxorubicin by interfering with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and inhibition of topoisomerase II: in vitro and molecular docking studies. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04088f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Schematic diagram showing the pharmacophoric features of doxorubicin and tanshinone IIA as DNA intercalators, and their effects on cardiac tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aml Ghanem
- Department of Molecular Biology
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute
- University of Sadat City
- Sadat City
- Egypt
| | - Hamdy A. Emara
- Department of Plant Biotechnology
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute
- University of Sadat City
- Sadat City
- Egypt
| | - Shaden Muawia
- Department of Molecular Biology
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute
- University of Sadat City
- Sadat City
- Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute
- University of Sadat City
- Sadat City
- Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Horus University-Egypt
- New Damietta 34518
- Egypt
| | - Mohamed F. Elshal
- Department of Molecular Biology
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute
- University of Sadat City
- Sadat City
- Egypt
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10
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Osman AMM, Telity SA, Damanhouri ZA, Al-Harthy SE, Al-Kreathy HM, Ramadan WS, Elshal MF, Khan LM, Kamel F. Correction to: Chemosensitizing and nephroprotective effect of resveratrol in cisplatin-treated animals. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:30. [PMID: 30804709 PMCID: PMC6371602 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,2Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer, Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796 Egypt
| | - Suad A Telity
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthy
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Kreathy
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- 3Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- 4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Minoufia University, Minoufia, Egypt
| | - Lateef M Khan
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Kamel
- 1Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Khoja SO, El-Miedany Y, Iyer AP, Bahlas SM, Balamash KS, Elshal MF. Associations of Vitamin D Levels and Vitamin D Receptor Genotypes with Patient-Reported Outcome/Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Clin Lab 2018; 64:51-58. [PMID: 29479872 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2017.170610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin-D insufficiency and vitamin-D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and its association with disease activity and patient reported outcomes (PROs). METHODS Eighty-two individuals were included in a cross-sectional study (41 RA patients, 41 controls). Prior to assessment, each patient completed a PRO questionnaire. Serum vitamin-D levels and genotyping for VDR were assessed. Vitamin-D deficient patients received vitamin-D supplementation. Re-assessment of disease activity (DAS28) was performed after 9-months. RESULTS Low vitamin-D levels were more frequent in RA patients (p < 0.01). A negative, but insignificant, association with DAS-28 score was identified; whereas, there was a significant negative association with the PROs (p < 0.01). Vitamin-D supplementation was associated with significant improvement in the patients' scores for pain, fatigue, global assessment, physical disability, and quality of life. In contrast to the control group, the frequency of the recessive TaqI and FokI genotypes was higher in RA patients. CONCLUSIONS In RA patients, serum vitamin-D level was significantly and inversely associated with both PROs and disease activity. The TaqI and FokI fragment length polymorphisms of VDR significantly contributed to the risk of RA. Having a significant positive impact on patient reported outcomes, vitamin-D supplementation may have a role in RA management.
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Elshal MF, Aldahlawi AM, Saadah OI, Mccoy JP. Expression of CD200R1 and its Ligand CD200 on T-helper Lymphocytes of Pediatric Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. Clin Lab 2017; 62:1521-1529. [PMID: 28164626 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.151231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD200 and its receptor CD200R are both type I membrane glycoproteins that modulate the activity of myeloid and lymphoid cells, and their interaction is functionally important in the suppression of effector T-cell responses by regulatory T-cells. We aimed to investigate the extent of expression of CD200 and CD200R1 on CD4+ T-cells in blood of children with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and to explore their correlations with effector T cell subsets, regulatory T cells (Treg), and routine clinical and serological markers. METHODS The frequencies of blood CD4+ expressing CD200 and CD200R1 as well as T-helper CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg, CD4+ IL-17+ (Th17), CD4+ IFN-γ + (Th1), and CD4+IL-4+ (Th2) were estimated by flow cytometry in 23 patients with CD, 14 with UC, and 14 healthy volunteers (HCs). The clinical and inflammatory markers were also investigated. RESULTS IBD patients showed decreased CD4+CD200R1+ T-cells, whereas, CD4+CD200+ T-cells were significantly higher in patient groups compared with healthy controls. Treg cells were found significantly decreased in the patients with UC and CD compared with healthy controls (both at p < 0.01). The percentage of Th17 was found significantly increased in CD (p < 0.05) compared with UC patients and healthy subjects (p = 0.014). CD200+CD4+ T-cells showed significant positive correlations with ESR, Th1, and Th17 (r = 0.438, p < 0.05; r = 0.411, p < 0.05; r = 0.492, p < 0.01, respectively). CD200R1+CD4+ T-cells correlated positively with Th2 and Treg (r = 0.482, p < 0.01, and r = 0.457, p < 0.01, respectively) and negatively with ESR (r = -0.387, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates an aberrant expression of CD200/CD200R1 on CD4+ T-cells in IBD patients and these data may have potent pathological significance in IBD pathophysiology.
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Abdel-Aziz MM, Elshal MF, Abass AT, El-Kafrawy S, Ezzat S, Abdel-Wahab M. Comparison of AFP-L3 and p53 Antigen Concentration with Alpha-Fetoprotein as Serum Markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Lab 2016; 62:1121-9. [PMID: 27468575 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2015.151102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the worst prognosis among all major cancers, largely due to the lack of sensitive diagnostic markers. We aimed to compare three HCC tumor markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), p53, and AFP-L3%, to evaluate whether measuring serum p53 levels and AFP-L3% has an additive diagnostic value for detection of HCC. METHODS A total of 86 patients with chronic liver diseases were included. HCC was detected in 68 (79.1%) patients. Twenty healthy age-matched volunteers served as healthy controls. Serum concentrations of AFP, AFP-L3, and p53 protein were measured. The correlations between the three markers with status of viral hepatitis, liver function tests, and Child-Pugh scores were determined. RESULTS HCC patients showed significantly higher percentages of cirrhosis and Child-Pugh grade C (p < 0.001 and 0.05, respectively) compared with non-HCC group. AFP-L3% and p53 levels were significantly (p < 0.001, 0.0001, respectively) higher in HCC than non-HCC patients. AFP-L3% was found significantly correlated with Child-Pugh classification (p < 0.05) and alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.01). While, p53 significantly correlated with age and HCV positivity. ROC curve analysis showed that the highest specificity and sensitivity of the studied parameters are gained at cutoffs of 15%, 120.5 ng/mL, and 0.14 ng/mL for AFP-L3, AFP, and p53; respectively. Combining AFP-L3 and p53 improved sensitivity to 95.4% with a specificity of 85%. CONCLUSIONS No significant correlation was found between AFP, AFP-L3%, and p53; however, the simultaneous determination of the three tumor markers yielded a better diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity in the detection of HCCs than each biomarker alone.
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Mohamed SA, Elshal MF, Kumosani TA, Mal AO, Ahmed YM, Almulaiky YQ, Asseri AH, Zamzami MA. Heavy Metal Accumulation is Associated with Molecular and Pathological Perturbations in Liver of Variola louti from the Jeddah Coast of Red Sea. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:E342. [PMID: 27007386 PMCID: PMC4809005 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Large amounts of waste water are discharged daily from the Jeddah Metropolitan Area into the Red Sea. Sewage draining into the Red Sea causes widespread chemical pollution that is toxic to aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this study was to investigate the extent of pollution and assess the presence of heavy metals in fish tissue and study their association with biological and biochemical alterations. The average concentrations of heavy metals found in hepatic tissues of Variola louti fish from the polluted area, namely Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe and Zn, were 1.74, 9.69, 47.48, 4020.01 and 229.47 µg/g liver, respectively, that were significantly higher than that of samples taken from reference area (0.24, 1.98, 20.12, 721.93, 129.21 µg/g liver, respectively). The fold change of heavy metals in fish from the polluted area with respect of that of the reference area followed the order Cd > Fe > Cr > Cu > Zn. Analysis of nuclear DNA revealed that hepatic tissues of fish samples from the polluted area showed a significant increase in apoptotic cells as detected by flow cytometry and formation DNA-ladder. In addition, hepatic sections from polluted area fishes showed more fibrotic changes and collagen deposition by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson's trichrome staining, respectively, compared to samples taken from the reference area. Moreover, the electrophoretic patterns of proteins of liver of fishes caught at the polluted area showed different patterns of proteins from that of the reference with bands at 42, 130 and 140 kDa, which is in a good agreement with the molecular weight of collagen type III. In conclusion, there were significant changes in the tissues of fishes in the polluted area at the cellular and the molecular levels that may be associated with an accumulation of heavy metals. Assessment of fishes as a sensitive biomonitor for the pollution of surface waters that may affect general health of human and wild life is conceivable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmad O Mal
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Youssri M Ahmed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yaaser Q Almulaiky
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amer H Asseri
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mazin A Zamzami
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Aldahlawi AM, Elshal MF, Damiaiti LA, Damanhori LH, Bahlas SM. Analysis of CD95 and CCR7 expression on circulating CD4(+) lymphocytes revealed disparate immunoregulatory potentials in systemic lupus erythematosus. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 23:101-7. [PMID: 26858545 PMCID: PMC4705260 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging data have implicated a critical role for CD4 in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study was designed to delineate the contribution of CD4(+) T cells in the pathogenesis of SLE disease. Forty-four patients (3 male: 41 female) and 20 healthy volunteers (4 male: 16 female) were included in the study. CD4(+) lymphocytes analysis was done using three-color flow cytometry with antibodies against human-CD95, a prototype cell death receptor, and the chemokine receptor-7 (CCR7) after gating for lymphocytes based on the forward and side scatter. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, TNF-α and IL-10 cytokines were assayed using ELISA. Disease activity was assessed using the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). Based on the expression of CCR7 and CD95, CD4(+) lymphocytes were subdivided into three particular subsets; CD4(+)CD95(+)CCR7(+) cells, CD4(+)CD95(-)CCR7(+) cells and CD4(+)CD95(+)CCR7(-) cells. Percentage of CD4(+)CD95(+)CCR7(+) cell subset was significantly higher in patients with SLE with active disease (SLEDAI > 6) and inactive (SLEDAI < 6) as compared with controls (P = 0.005), and it showed a significant positive correlation with ANA titer (P = 0.01), and a negative correlation with WBCs count (P = 0.001). CD4(+)CD95(+)CCR7(-) cell subset was significantly higher in active SLE patients in comparison to patients with inactive disease and controls (P = 0.05, P = 0.005 respectively), and it correlates positively with SLEDAI, IL-6 and IL-17 levels (P = 0.001, 0.05, 0.01 respectively), and negatively with blood WBCs counts (P = 0.001). The third CD4(+)CD95(-)CCR7(+)cell subset was found significantly lower in SLE patients compared with controls, and it was found negatively correlated with IL-10, IL-6, and IL-17. The results show that CD4(+)CD95(+)subset lacking expression of CCR7 is associated with cell mediated inflammatory response as manifested by its correlation with signs of inflammation, inflammatory cytokines and disease activity index. Whereas, CD4(+)CD95(+)CCR7(+) correlate more with antibody immune responses as manifested by association with serum ANA. These data suggest disparate roles of these cell subsets in the pathophysiology of SLE. A better understanding of the characteristics of CD4 cell subsets may shed light on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, particularly SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia M. Aldahlawi
- Biological Sciences Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F. Elshal
- Biochemistry Department – Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt
| | - Laila A. Damiaiti
- Biological Sciences Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila H. Damanhori
- Laboratory Technology Department – Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami M. Bahlas
- Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicines Department – Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Elshal MF, Aldahlawi AM, Saadah OI, McCoy JP. Reduced Dendritic Cells Expressing CD200R1 in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Correlation with Th17 and Regulatory T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28998-9010. [PMID: 26690123 PMCID: PMC4691090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of tolerance of the adaptive immune system towards indigenous flora contributes to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Defects in dendritic cell (DC)-mediated innate and adoptive immune responses are conceivable. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the inhibitory molecules CD200R1 and their ligand CD200 on DCs, to clarify the role of the DCs in the pathogenesis of IBD. Thirty-seven pediatric IBD patients (23 with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 14 with ulcerative colitis (UC)) with mean age 13.25 ± 2.9 years were included. Fourteen age-matched healthy pediatric volunteers (five males and nine females) served as a control group (HC). The percentage of CD11c+ myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and CD123+ plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) expressing CD200R1 and CD200 were evaluated in peripheral blood using flow cytometry and were correlated with routine biochemical, serological markers, serum levels of cytokines and with the percentages of circulating regulatory T cells (Treg) and CD4+ producing IL-17 (Th17). IBD patients showed a significant decrease in the percentage of pDCs and mDCs expressing CD200R1 compared to that of HC. Patients with UC showed increased expressions of the CD200 molecule on pDCs as compared to HC. DCs expressing CD200R1 were found to be correlated positively with Treg and negatively with TH17 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Our findings suggest that IBD is associated with dysregulation in the CD200R1/CD200 axis and that the decrease in DCs expressing CD200R1 may contribute to the imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells and in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Elshal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
| | - Alia M Aldahlawi
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Immunology Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Omar I Saadah
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - J Philip McCoy
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Saleh RM, Awadin WF, El-Shafei RA, Elseady YY, Wehaish FE, Elshal MF. Cardioprotective role of tadalafil against cisplatin-induced cardiovascular damage in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:574-81. [PMID: 26381656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the possible cardioprotective effect of tadalafil (Tad) on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced cardiac and vascular damages in rats. A total number of seventy two healthy male albino rats initially weighting between 200 and 220 g were used and randomly divided into four groups,18 rats in each. The control group received no treatment; CDDP group received a single dose of CDDP (4 mg/kg) intraperitoneal (i.p.) per week for 4 weeks the duration of the experiment; Tad group received 0.4 mg/kg BW Tad i.p. daily and Tad +CDDP group received 0.4 mg/kg BW Tad i.p. +4 mg/kg BW CDDP i.p. The results showed that Tad was able to decrease blood pressure, heart rate, levels of serum cardiac troponin (cTn-I), malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) in the heart homogenate sample from CDDP treated rats. Semi-quantitative analysis showed that Tad was able to decrease the histopathological scores of cardiac muscular hyalinzation and fibrosis in three sacrifices in CDDP treated rats. CDDP treated rats showed significantly increased thickening in wall of aorta with an irregular luminal layer of endothelial cell linings in three sacrifices when it was compared to other groups. Moreover, immunohistochemical labeling of α- smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in aorta revealed significant lower scores in Tad +CDDP group when they were compared to CDDP group. In conclusion, Tad alone did not induce any harmful effects on blood pressure, selective antioxidant, peroxidation markers or cardiac histology, in addition, Tad has a cardio-protective role against CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Saleh
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Walaa F Awadin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Reham A El-Shafei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Yousef Y Elseady
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Faheim E Wehaish
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Osman AMM, Al-Malki HS, Al-Harthi SE, El-Hanafy AA, Elashmaoui HM, Elshal MF. Modulatory role of resveratrol on cytotoxic activity of cisplatin, sensitization and modification of cisplatin resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1368-74. [PMID: 25815689 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Cisplatin (CIS) is one of the most active cytotoxic agents in current use and it has proven efficacy against various human malignancies. However, its clinical usefulness has been restricted by detrimental side effects, including nephrotoxicity and myelosuppression. The aim of the present study was to attempt to decrease the required dose of CIS, in order to minimize its side effects, and increase its capability to arrest, delay or reverse carcinogenesis. In addition, the present study aimed to ameliorate CIS-resistance in CRC cells, using the natural compound resveratrol (RSVL). RSVL (3,4', 5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a naturally occurring polyphenol present in the roots of white hellebore (Veratrum grandiflorum O. Loes) and extracted from >70 other plant species. RSVL can exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and it has been shown to be active in the regulation of numerous cellular events associated with carcinogenesis. The present study evaluated the effects of RSVL on sensitization of both parent and CIS-resistant HCT-116 CRC cells to the action of cisplatin. The CIS was administered at a dose of 5 and 20 µg/ml, and CIS cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cell cycle and cisplatin cellular uptake were examined in the presence and absence of RSVL (15 µg/ml). RSVL treatment showed anti-proliferative effects and enhanced the cytotoxic effects of cis against the growth of both parent and CIS-resistant HCT-116 CRC cells, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration of 4.20 µg/ml and 4.72 µg/ml respectively. RSVL also induced a significant increase in the early apoptosis fraction and enhanced the subsequent apoptotic effects of CIS. The cellular uptake of CIS was significantly increased in the presence of RSVL, as compared with CIS treatment alone, and RSVL treatment sensitized the CIS-resistant HCT-116 cells. In conclusion, RSVL treatment increased the cytotoxic activity of CIS against the growth of both parent and CIS-resistant HCT-116 CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdan S Al-Malki
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthi
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr A El-Hanafy
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan M Elashmaoui
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Osman AMM, Telity SA, Telity SA, Damanhouri ZA, Al-Harthy SE, Al-Kreathy HM, Ramadan WS, Elshal MF, Khan LM, Kamel F. Chemosensitizing and nephroprotective effect of resveratrol in cisplatin -treated animals. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:6. [PMID: 25709558 PMCID: PMC4337247 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin (CIS) is one of the most effective anticancer drug used in the treatment of several solid tumors .Its use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. The present study was designed to assess the role of a natural product resveratrol (RSVL) on sensitization of mammary carcinoma (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) to the action of CIS and the possible protective effect against CIS-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods The percent survival of female tumor bearing mice was used for determination the cytotoxic activity of CIS in the presence or the absence of RSVL. Uptake and cell cycle effect, serum creatinine (CREA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and histopatholgical examination of kidney tissues after CIS and/or RSVL therapy were also investigated. Results RSVL increased the intracellular level of CIS in EAC cells and there was a strong correlation between the high cellular level of CIS and its cytotoxicity. CIS at a dose level of 5 mg/kg increased the mean survival time of female tumor bearing mice to 25 days compared with 17 days for tumor-bearing control mice. Administration of RSVL at a dose level of 25 mg/kg simultaneously with CIS increased the mean survival time to 48 days with 60% survival of the tumor-bearing animals. Cell cycle analysis of tumor cells showed that CIS treatment decreases the proliferation index of tumor cells while in presence of RSVL there was more significant inhibitions. Also, CIS treatment caused increase in level of creatinine and blood urea with significant decrease in the GSH level. While, in the presence of RSVL, level of creatinine and blood urea restored to control level. Conclusion This study suggests that RSVL could increase the cytotoxic activity of CIS and protect against its nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Pharmacology unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796 Egypt
| | | | - Saud A Telity
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Kreathy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Department of biochemistry, Faculty of science, king abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Molecular Biology and Genetic engineering and Biotechnology Department, Minoufia Universitym Minoufia, Minoufia, Egypt
| | - Lateef M Khan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Kamel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Elshal MF, Almalki AL, Hussein HK, Khan JA. Synergistic antiosteoporotic effect of Lepidium sativum and alendronate in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in Wistar rats. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2013; 10:267-73. [PMID: 24311835 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v10i5.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alendronate belongs to a class of drugs called bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates (BP) therapy is a vital option to reduce the risk of bone fracture in people who suffer from osteoporosis. Yet, bisphosphonate have displayed several side effects. Lepidium sativum (LS) seeds have been used in traditional folk medicine to heal fractured bones. However, there is a dearth of information on the impact of LS on bone metabolism especially in cases of glucocorticoids induced osteoporosis. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare the biochemical bone markers and histological responses of LS alone (6 g of LS seeds in diet daily, n=8), ALD (alendronate, 70 mg/kg s.c.; n=8) alone, or LS and ALD combined in a rat model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) by injecting rats with methylprednisolone 3.5 mg/kg per day for 4 weeks. Serum calcium (Ca), albumin, phosphorus (P), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were measured 4 weeks after induction of GIO. GIO-group showed significantly increased serum TRAP and decreased b-ALP. GIO-group also showed significantly decreased serum P and unaltered Ca concentrations. Histological examination of GIO-group tibia bones indicated an osteoporotic change and a concomitant decrease in percentage of trabecular area or bone marrow area (PTB) in the proximal femoral epiphysis. Treatment with either LS and/or ALD ameliorated the above mentioned changes with variable degrees, with a net results of enhanced serum calcium, bone architecture, PTB, b-ALP and decreased TRAP in LS and LS+ALD groups compared to that of animals treated with alendronate alone. In conclusion, our findings present evidence supporting the potential benefits of LS in reducing the burden of GCs on bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Elshal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt
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21
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Osman AMM, Al-Harthi SE, AlArabi OM, Elshal MF, Ramadan WS, Alaama MN, Al-Kreathy HM, Damanhouri ZA, Osman OH. Chemosensetizing and cardioprotective effects of resveratrol in doxorubicin- treated animals. Cancer Cell Int 2013; 13:52. [PMID: 23714221 PMCID: PMC3680308 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-13-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline antibiotic is one of the most effective anticancer drug used in the treatment of variety of cancers .Its use is limited by its cardiotoxicity. The present study was designed to assess the role of a natural product resveratrol (RSVL) on sensitization of mammary carcinoma (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) to the action of DOX and at the same time its protective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. METHODS Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing mice were used in this study. Percent survival of tumor bearing mice was used for determination of the Cytotoxic activity of DOX in presence and absence of RSVL. Uptake and cell cycle effect of DOX in tumor cells in the presence of RSVL was also determined. Histopatholgical examination of heart tissues after DOX and/or RSVL therapy was also investigated. RESULTS DOX at a dose level of 15 mg/kg increased the mean survival time of tumor bearing mice to 21 days compared with 15 days for non tumor-bearing control mice. Administration of RSVL at a dose level of 10 mg/kg simultaneously with DOX increased the mean survival time to 30 days with 70% survival of the tumor-bearing animals. RSVL increased the intracellular level of DOX and there was a strong correlation between the high cellular level of DOX and its cytotoxic activity. Moreover, RSVL treatment showed 4.8 fold inhibition in proliferation index of cells treated with DOX. Histopathological analysis of rat heart tissue after a single dose of DOX (20 mg/kg) showed myocytolysis with congestion of blood vessels, cytoplasmic vacuolization and fragmentation. Concomitant treatment with RSVL, fragmentation of the muscle fiber revealed normal muscle fiber. CONCLUSION This study suggests that RSVL could increase the cytotoxic activity of DOX and at the same time protect against its cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameer E Al-Harthi
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud M AlArabi
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Elshal
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Molecular biology Department, Genetic engineering and Biotechniology Department, Minoufia University, Minoufia, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed N Alaama
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M Al-Kreathy
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osman H Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Osman AMM, Bayoumi HM, Al-Harthi SE, Damanhouri ZA, Elshal MF. Modulation of doxorubicin cytotoxicity by resveratrol in a human breast cancer cell line. Cancer Cell Int 2012; 12:47. [PMID: 23153194 PMCID: PMC3537590 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-12-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the Arab world and it ranked first among Saudi females. Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline antibiotic is one of the most effective anticancer agents used to treat breast cancer. chronic cardiotoxicity is a major limiting factor of the use of doxorubicin. Therefore, our study was designed to assess the role of a natural product resveratrol (RSVL) on sensitization of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) to the action of DOX in an attempt to minimize doxorubicin effective dose and thereby its side effects. Methods Human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, was used in this study. Cytotoxic activity of DOX was determined using (sulforhodamine) SRB method. Apoptotic cells were quantified after treatment by annexin V-FITC- propidium iodide (PI) double staining using flow-cytometer. Cell cycle disturbance and doxorubicin uptake were determined after RSVL or DOX treatment. Results Treatment of MCF-7 cells with 15 μg/ml RSVL either simultaneously or 24 h before DOX increased the cytotoxicity of DOX, with IC50 were 0.056 and 0.035 μg/ml, respectively compared to DOX alone IC50 (0.417 μg/ml). Moreover, flow cytometric analysis of the MCF-7 cells treated simultaneously with DOX (0.5 μg/ml) and RSVL showed enhanced arrest of the cells in G0 (80%). On the other hand, when RSVL is given 24 h before DOX although there was more increased in the cytotoxic effect of DOX against the growth of the cells, however, there was decreased in percentage arrest of cells in G0, less inhibition of DOX-induced apoptosis and reduced DOX cellular uptake into the cells. Conclusion RSVL treatment increased the cytotoxic activity of DOX against the growth of human breast cancer cells when given either simultaneously or 24 h before DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Elshal MF, Bernawi AE, Al-Ghamdy MA, Jalal JA. The association of bone mineral density and parathyroid hormone with serum magnesium in adult patients with sickle-cell anaemia. Arch Med Sci 2012; 8:270-6. [PMID: 22662000 PMCID: PMC3361039 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2012.28554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone disorders including osteopenia and osteoporosis are a frequent cause of morbidity in sickle-cell disease (SCD). Magnesium (Mg) regulates some biological processes important in bone remodelling. We aimed to investigate whether serum Mg levels (sMg) may have an impact on bone mineral density (BMD) in sickle-cell anaemia (SCA). MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty adults with SCA in steady-state and 20 age- and race-matched healthy blood donors were included in the study. The BMD was evaluated with respect to minerals and biochemical indices of bone metabolism. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing BMD. RESULTS The mean sMg concentration was 0.64 ±0.06 (reference range 0.7-1.2 mmol/l) for 34% of the population, and 0.86 ±0.08 mmol/l for 66%. There were significant differences between Mg groups and controls in BMD, phosphorus (PO(4)), parathyroid hormone (PTH) (p = 0.011, p = 0.011 and p = 0.0001 respectively) and osteocalcin (OC) (p = 0.030) levels. The sMg was found to be associated positively with serum calcium (Ca), PTH and OC (r = 0.585; r = 0.436; r = 0.351 respectively, all at p < 0.05), and negatively with PO(4) (r = -0.312; p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only PTH (p < 0.05) was an independent factor for BMD. Moreover, it identified sMg, OC, and CTX as independent factors for PTH (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that serum Mg may be a co-contributing factor in causing low BMD. However, other possible aetiologies including decreased PTH and increased bone turnover certainly play a role. Based on the present data, it is prudent to monitor sMg routinely in this patient population and treat the condition whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Elshal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Menoufiya University, Egypt
| | - Amna E. Bernawi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam A. Al-Ghamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalaluddin A. Jalal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Al-Bazi MM, Elshal MF, Khoja SM. Reduced coenzyme Q(10) in female smokers and its association with lipid profile in a young healthy adult population. Arch Med Sci 2011; 7:948-54. [PMID: 22328876 PMCID: PMC3264985 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2011.26605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking has a negative effect on body reserve of antioxidants and cholesterol metabolism. Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)), a potent antioxidant synthesized as part of the cholesterol pathway, is a potential biomarker for systemic oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate gender variation in plasma lipid profile and CoQ(10) concentrations in healthy non-smokers and in smokers. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 55 cigarette smokers (25 females and 30 males) and 51 non-smokers (25 females and 26 males) with the age range from 21 to 45 years, and who had no history of alcohol abuse or chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus or obesity. Coenzyme Q(10) plasma concentrations were measured by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection. Fasting plasma glucose and lipid levels were determined by standard colorimetric methods. RESULTS Our results showed that CoQ(10) concentrations were significantly decreased in smokers, especially in females, than their non-smoker counterparts. Female smokers also exhibited a significant decrease in plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C, and atherogenic ratios HDL-C/TC and CoQ(10)/LDL-C than male counterparts. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were increased in smokers irrespective of gender. Plasma CoQ(10) was relatively more associated with TC and LDL-C in female smokers than male smokers. CONCLUSIONS The adverse effects of smoking on body reserve of antioxidants and cholesterol metabolism are greater in females than in males, partially as a result of decreased CoQ(10) plasma concentrations, HDL-C and total-cholesterol and abnormal atherogenicity indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha M Al-Bazi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Elshal MF, El-Sayed IH, Elsaied MA, El-Masry SA, Kumosani TA. Sperm head defects and disturbances in spermatozoal chromatin and DNA integrities in idiopathic infertile subjects: Association with cigarette smoking. Clin Biochem 2009; 42:589-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Revised: 10/09/2008] [Accepted: 11/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Elshal MF, Khan SS, Raghavachari N, Takahashi Y, Barb J, Bailey JJ, Munson PJ, Solomon MA, Danner RL, McCoy JP. A unique population of effector memory lymphocytes identified by CD146 having a distinct immunophenotypic and genomic profile. BMC Immunol 2007; 8:29. [PMID: 17999761 PMCID: PMC2248207 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-8-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/13/2007] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CD146 is a well described homotypic adhesion molecule found on endothelial cells and a limited number of other cell types. In cells from the peripheral circulation, CD146 has also been reported to be on activated lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. The function associated with CD146 expression on lymphoid cells is unknown and very little information is available concerning the nature of CD146+ lymphocytes. In the current study, lymphocytes from healthy donors were characterized based upon the presence or absence of CD146 expression. Results CD146 was expressed on a low percentage of circulating T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and NK cells in healthy individuals. CD146 expression can be induced and upregulated in vitro on both B cells and T cells, but does not correlate with the expression of other markers of T cell activation. CD146 positive T cells do not represent clonal expansions as determined with the use of anti Vβ reagents. Data suggest that CD146 positive cells have enhanced adherence to endothelial monolayers in vitro. Gene profiling and immunophenotyping studies between CD146+ and CD146- T cells revealed several striking genotypic distinctions such as the upregulation of IL-8 and phenotypic differences including the paucity of CCR7 and CD45RA among CD146 positive T cells, consistent with effector memory function. A number of genes involved in cell adhesion, signal transduction, and cell communication are dramatically upregulated in CD146+ T cells compared to CD146- T cells. Conclusion CD146 appears to identify small, unique populations of T as well as B lymphocytes in the circulation. The T cells have immunophenotypic characteristics of effector memory lymphocytes. The characteristics of these CD146+ lymphocytes in the circulation, together with the known functions in cell adhesion of CD146 on endothelial cells, suggests that these lymphocytes may represent a small subpopulation of cells primed to adhere to the endothelium and possibly extravasate to sites of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Elshal
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Abstract
The measurement of soluble cytokines and other analytes in serum and plasma is becoming increasingly important in the study and management of many diseases. As a result, there is a growing demand for rapid, precise, and cost-effective measurement of such analytes in both clinical and research laboratories. Multiplex bead array assays provide quantitative measurement of large numbers of analytes using an automated 96-well plate format. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISAs) have long been the standard for quantitative analysis of cytokines and other biomarkers, but are not well suited for high throughput multiplex analyses. However, prior to replacement of ELISA assays with multiplex bead array assays, there is a need to know how comparable these two methods are for quantitative analyses. A number of published studies have compared these two methods and it is apparent that certain elements of these assays, such as the clones of monoclonal antibodies used for detection and reporting, are pivotal in obtaining similar results from both assays. By careful consideration of these variables, it should be possible to utilize multiplex bead array assays in lieu of ELISAs for studies requiring high throughput analysis of numerous analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Elshal
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Khakoo AY, Pati S, Anderson SA, Reid W, Elshal MF, Rovira II, Nguyen AT, Malide D, Combs CA, Hall G, Zhang J, Raffeld M, Rogers TB, Stetler-Stevenson W, Frank JA, Reitz M, Finkel T. Human mesenchymal stem cells exert potent antitumorigenic effects in a model of Kaposi's sarcoma. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2006. [DOI: 10.1083/jcb1734oia7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Khakoo AY, Pati S, Anderson SA, Reid W, Elshal MF, Rovira II, Nguyen AT, Malide D, Combs CA, Hall G, Zhang J, Raffeld M, Rogers TB, Stetler-Stevenson W, Frank JA, Reitz M, Finkel T. Human mesenchymal stem cells exert potent antitumorigenic effects in a model of Kaposi's sarcoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 203:1235-47. [PMID: 16636132 PMCID: PMC2121206 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20051921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 563] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that both human stem cells and mature stromal cells can play an important role in the development and growth of human malignancies. In contrast to these tumor-promoting properties, we observed that in an in vivo model of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), intravenously (i.v.) injected human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) home to sites of tumorigenesis and potently inhibit tumor growth. We further show that human MSCs can inhibit the in vitro activation of the Akt protein kinase within some but not all tumor and primary cell lines. The inhibition of Akt activity requires the MSCs to make direct cell-cell contact and can be inhibited by a neutralizing antibody against E-cadherin. We further demonstrate that in vivo, Akt activation within KS cells is potently down-regulated in areas adjacent to MSC infiltration. Finally, the in vivo tumor-suppressive effects of MSCs correlates with their ability to inhibit target cell Akt activity, and KS tumors engineered to express a constitutively activated Akt construct are no longer sensitive to i.v. MSC administration. These results suggest that in contrast to other stem cells or normal stromal cells, MSCs possess intrinsic antineoplastic properties and that this stem cell population might be of particular utility for treating those human malignancies characterized by dysregulated Akt.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Activation/immunology
- Graft vs Tumor Effect/immunology
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Oncogene Protein v-akt/immunology
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/immunology
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/pathology
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/therapy
- Stromal Cells/immunology
- Stromal Cells/transplantation
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarif Y Khakoo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Elshal MF, Khan SS, Takahashi Y, Solomon MA, McCoy JP. CD146 (Mel-CAM), an adhesion marker of endothelial cells, is a novel marker of lymphocyte subset activation in normal peripheral blood. Blood 2005; 106:2923-4. [PMID: 16204154 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-06-2307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Elshal MF, Elsayed IH, El Kady IM, Badra G, El-Refaei A, El-Batanony M, Hendy OM. Role of concurrent S. mansoni infection in H. pylori-associated gastritis: a flow cytometric DNA-analysis and oxyradicals correlations. Clin Chim Acta 2005; 346:191-8. [PMID: 15256320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2003] [Revised: 02/21/2004] [Accepted: 03/09/2004] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the development of atrophic gastritis and increased gastric epithelial proliferation that is important in developing gastric carcinoma. Some countries with a high prevalence of H. pylori infection have high gastric cancer rates, whereas in others these rates are low. Several theories have been advanced to explain this phenomenon. One of these explanations is that the concurrent parasitic infection that is common in the African population might alter the immune response to H. pylori infection and reduce the incidence of atrophic gastritis. The aim of the present study was to assess whether concurrent Schistosoma mansoni infection with H. pylori has an effect on gastric mucosal injury in view of cell proliferation, apoptosis, pathological changes, nitric oxide (NO), oxyradicals and antioxidant capacity status. PATIENTS/METHODS Between April 2001 and March 2002, 73 patients were subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for dyspepsia and liver cirrhosis in the National Liver Institute, Menoufiya University. Biopsies were obtained from any lesion as well as from apparently healthy mucosa. Specimens were preserved in RNA later solution, and then kept at -80 degrees C until utilized for estimation of DNA-flow cytometric assay, reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), NO and lipid peroxidation (LPO) product--malondialdehyde (MDA). Diagnosis of bilharziasis was done by stool analysis, or by sigmoidoscopy and rectal snip. RESULTS Of the 73 patients, 48 were H. pylori-positive, 34 of them were positive and 14 were negative for S. mansoni. Of the 25 H. pylori-negative cases, 18 were positive and 7 were negative for S. mansoni. Concurrent infection with S. mansoni occurred in 34 patients and they had reduced DNA S-phase (7.57 +/- 4.99 vs. 14.5 +/- 3.11, P = 0.001), reduced proliferation activity (9.95 +/- 3.95 vs. 16.78, P < 0.004) and reduced apoptosis (21.83 +/- 11.64 vs. 26.0 +/- 8.31, P > 0.05) compared with H. pylori infected patients alone. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that concurrent helminthes infection may modify the inflammatory response to gastric H. pylori infection manifested by the reduction of oxyradical-induced DNA-damage, apoptosis and cellular proliferation activity, and the increase in antioxidant production. Concurrent S. mansoni infection may have a protective effect against the possible progression of H. pylori-induced gastritis towards gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Elshal
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Menoufiya University, Egypt.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Propolis has numerous biologic activities including antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. The present work is aimed to study the effect of crude Egyptian propolis on tumor in mice induced by Ehrlich ascitis carcinoma (EAC) cell line. RESULTS The administration of propolis (160 mg/kg body weight), by gastric intubation 2 h before the intraperitoneal injection of EAC, effectively inhibited tumor growth and the proliferation of EAC. The tumor volume was markedly reduced from 7+/-0.9 ml in EAC-infected mice to 1.6+/-0.95 ml in propolis-treated mice. Also, the lipid peroxide level which was 13.3+/-1.24 nmol malodialdehyde (MDA)/mg protein in EAC infected mice was significantly decreased to 3.3+/-2.1 nmol MDA/mg protein. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) concentrations were markedly increased in propolis-treated mice. This effect was associated with inhibition of cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis. Administration of propolis 2 h before injection of EAC arrested cells in G0/G1 phase and resulted in a decrease in the viability, DNA, total RNA and protein level of tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Crude Egyptian propolis has a strong inhibitory activity against tumors. The anti-tumor mechanism may be mediated by preventing oxidative damage and induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om-Ali Y El-khawaga
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura City, Egypt.
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Abdel-Wahab M, Abo-Elenein A, Fathy O, Gadel-Hak N, Elshal MF, Yaseen A, Sultan A, el-Ghawalby N, Ezzat F. Does cholecystectomy affect antral mucosa? Endoscopic, histopathologic and DNA flow cytometric study. Hepatogastroenterology 2000; 47:621-5. [PMID: 10918999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Although cholecystectomy is still the "gold standard" for treatment of gallstones, this operation may be followed by gastric disorders. The aim of this study is to detect the effects of cholecystectomy on gastric antral mucosa. METHODOLOGY This prospective study has been carried out on 46 patients (20 M & 26 F) with mean age 41.7 +/- 0.2 years for whom simple cholecystectomy for gallstones was decided. Prior to the operation and 1 year after, patients were subjected to the following: clinical assessment, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, histopathology of antral mucosa, detection of H. pylori and DNA flow cytometry. RESULTS There was an increase in the number of patients presenting suggestive symptoms of reflux gastritis: patients experiencing epigastric pain increased from 8 (17.4%) to 11 (23.39%) patients, nausea increased from 6 (13%) to 12 (26.1%) patients and bilious vomiting increased from 3 (6.5%) to 11 (23.9%) patients. Mild antral gastritis increased from 20 (43.5%) to 27 (58.7%) patients. Antral gastritis and antral erosions were detected only after the operation in 8 (17.4%) and 2 (4.3%) patients, respectively. The incidence of active chronic superficial gastritis decreased from 23 (50%) to 13 (28.2%) patients while the inactive form increased from 15 (32.6%) to 23 (50%) patients. Chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia were only detected postoperatively in 2 (4.3%) patients each. There was a decrease in the incidence of H. pylori infection from 32 (69.6) to 19 (41.3%) patients. DNA aneuploid pattern increased from 1 (2.2%) to 4 (8.7%) patients and there was a significant increase of DNA index from 1.01 (+/- 0.03) to 1.03 (+/- 0.05) (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Changes in clinical, endoscopic and histopathologic findings suggest that cholecystectomy may affect gastric antral mucosa due to duodenogastric reflux. Flow cytometry may be used as an objective method for detection and evaluation of postcholecystectomy reflux gastritis.
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Abdel-Wahab M, Attallah AM, Elshal MF, Abdel-Raouf M, Zalata KR, el-Ghawalby N, Ezzat F. Cellular proliferation and ploidy of the gastric mucosa: the role of Helicobacter pylori. Hepatogastroenterology 1997; 44:880-5. [PMID: 9222708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Recently, H. pylori has been recognized as a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma. As such, we have analyzed the DNA content of gastric epithelial cells in an attempt to reveal the role of H. pylori in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODOLOGY Fifty-three subjects presented with gastric dyspepsia, 39 males and 14 females, with a mean age of 42.15 (+/- 13.16) years. They were referred to the out-patient clinic to undergo endoscopic examination for the first time. Biopsy specimens from the antrum of each subject were subjected to culture for the presence of H. pylori histologic diagnosis, and DNA flow cytometry for the analysis of cellular proliferation and DNA policy. RESULTS The endoscopic diagnoses were normal appearance (12), Gastric ulcer (12), duodenal ulcer (29). Thirty-eight (72%) subjects were positive, and 15 (28%) subjects were negative for H. pylori. Abnormal DNA-content (aneuploidy) was found in specimens from the antrums of 3 patients, 2 patients with duodenal ulcers (DU, and one with a gastric ulcer (GU). The cellular proliferation detected by flow cytometry in the form of proliferative index (PI; percentage of cells in the DNA S and G2M phases) was 27.88 (+/- 12.48) and 14.17 (+/-2.94) in the antrums of those positive and negative for H. pylori, respectively. A very significant increase in the PI (p < 0.005) was found between subjects positive and negative for H. pylori. Patients with DU and H pylori infection had the highest PI, and the PI was significantly higher than in patients with DU, but without infection. Regarding histology, there was a significant increase in the PI in the presence of H. pylori infection in either CAG or dysplasia groups as compared to cases without infection in the same groups. CONCLUSION These results show that H. pylori infection is associated with changes in the DNA-content and cellular proliferative activity, suggesting that H. pylori may be implicated in gastric carcinogenesis. Also, the significant increase in the PI along the progression of severity of the disease suggests that measuring this parameter might allow more accurate monitoring of patients, so that a targeted therapeutic protocol may be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abdel-Wahab
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Abdel-Wahab M, Attallah AM, Elshal MF, Eldousoky I, Zalata KR, el-Ghawalby NA, Gad el-Hak N, el-Ebidy G, Ezzat F. Correlation between endoscopy, histopathology, and DNA flow cytometry in patients with gastric dyspepsia. Hepatogastroenterology 1997. [PMID: 8908567 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0347(199609/10)18:5<465::aid-hed11>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Gastric cancer has a poor prognosis, this is partly due to the advanced stage in which the tumor is diagnosed. The objective of this study is to elucidate the clinical significance of DNA flow cytometry and study its impact on monitoring the progression of gastric precancerous lesions in patients with gastric dyspepsia, and to correlate between endoscopic and histopathological findings with results of DNA flow cytometry. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 92 cases underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, 69 males with mean age 44.0 years and 23 females with mean age 38.7 years. Based on the endoscopic appearance, patients under study were classified into: 15 cases with endoscopic normal mucosa (EN), 26 cases with endoscopic gastritis (EG), 43 cases with duodenal ulcer (DU), and 8 cases with gastric ulcer (GU). Two antral biopsies were taken for histopathology and DNA flow cytometry. RESULTS Chronic gastritis (CG) was present in 12 (80%) of EN cases. In DU patients, CG was present in 42 (97.7%) of cases, and it was associated with intestinal metaplasia (IM) in 11 (25.6%), and with dysplasia in 9 (20.9%) of these cases. While in GU patients, CG was present in all cases. Two (13.3%) of endoscopic normal cases revealed DNA aneuploidy in specimens with CG. The incidence of aneuploidy increases as the endoscopic findings changes from EG (15.4%), DU (16.3%) to GU (37.5%), and as the histopathological changes progresses from chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) (18.2%), IM (21.7%) to dysplasia (33.3%). CONCLUSION DNA aneuploidy is a useful marker for recognizing the presence of abnormal cells in epithelial lesions of the stomach, and for monitoring the progression of gastric lesions. Patients with gastric dyspepsia should not only be subjected to endoscopy but also to biopsy and DNA flow cytometry to allow the early detection of malignant transformations in gastric precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abdel-Wahab
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Gastroenterology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Attallah AM, Abdel-Wahab M, Elshal MF, Zalata KR, Ibrahim NM, Ezzat F. Apoptosis in chronic gastritis: evaluation of the gastric mucosa by DNA flow cytometry and the expression of the high molecular weight cytokeratin. Hepatogastroenterology 1996; 43:1305-12. [PMID: 8908566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS A series of premalignant lesions, including chronic gastritis (CG), intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia are associated with gastric carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to define these precancerous gastric lesions further by the study of the cellular DNA using flow cytometry, and the expression of the high molecular weight (68 KDa) Cytokeratin "CK1" proposed as a marker for epithelial cells dying by apoptosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Multiple antral biopsies from each of 92 cases with gastric dyspepsia were subjected for DNA content analysis using flow cytometry, and immunostaining using anti-CK1 monoclonal antibody. RESULTS Chronic gastritis (CG) was present in 85 (92.4%) of cases, 14/85 (16.5%) cases showed chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), and 71/85 (83.5%) cases were chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Sixty two of the 85 (74.7%) cases with CG revealed variable degrees of activities. A hypodiploid "Sub-G1" peak was detected in 35 of 85 cases with CG. This peak was significantly higher in active chronic gastritis (ACG) than in the inactive (ICG) cases (p < 0.005). Proliferative activity of cases with CG was higher than in normal cases (p < 0.05) and in cases with ACG than in ICG (p < 0.05). Abnormal DNA-content (aneuploidy) was present in 16 (18.8%) of the 85 cases with CG. The presence of gastric epithelial cells with morphological changes typical of apoptosis in cases showing hypodiploid "Sub-G1" peak, high proliferation, and DNA-aneuploidy, suggests that these cells may be apoptotic bodies. Mild degree of apoptosis was present in some cases (57%) with histologically normal mucosa, while dense apoptotic bodies occurred in 87% of cases with chronic gastritis. These apoptotic bodies were constantly expressing CK1, except those in normal mucosa, suggesting that CK1 can be used as a marker for dying epithelial cells by apoptosis. CK1 was detected in 16 (100%) aneuploid cases which also showed apoptosis. CONCLUSION The presence of apoptotic bodies in cases with chronic gastritis especially in those showing DNA-aneuploidy, may accounts for the deletion of cells with altered DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Attallah
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Mansoura University, Egypt
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