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Gupta AK, Marshall N, Yourston L, Rolband L, Beasock D, Danai L, Skelly E, Afonin KA, Krasnoslobodtsev AV. Optical, structural, and biological properties of silver nanoclusters formed within the loop of a C-12 hairpin sequence. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:3500-3511. [PMID: 37383066 PMCID: PMC10295035 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00092c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) are the next-generation nanomaterials representing supra-atomic structures where silver atoms are organized in a particular geometry. DNA can effectively template and stabilize these novel fluorescent AgNCs. Only a few atoms in size - the properties of nanoclusters can be tuned using only single nucleobase replacement of C-rich templating DNA sequences. A high degree of control over the structure of AgNC could greatly contribute to the ability to fine-tune the properties of silver nanoclusters. In this study, we explore the properties of AgNCs formed on a short DNA sequence with a C12 hairpin loop structure (AgNC@hpC12). We identify three types of cytosines based on their involvement in the stabilization of AgNCs. Computational and experimental results suggest an elongated cluster shape with 10 silver atoms. We found that the properties of the AgNCs depend on the overall structure and relative position of the silver atoms. The emission pattern of the AgNCs depends strongly on the charge distribution, while all silver atoms and some DNA bases are involved in optical transitions based on molecular orbital (MO) visualization. We also characterize the antibacterial properties of silver nanoclusters and propose a possible mechanism of action based on the interactions of AgNCs with molecular oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha Omaha NE 68182 USA +1402-554-3723
| | - Nolan Marshall
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha Omaha NE 68182 USA +1402-554-3723
| | - Liam Yourston
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha Omaha NE 68182 USA +1402-554-3723
| | - Lewis Rolband
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
| | - Damian Beasock
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
| | - Leyla Danai
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
| | - Elizabeth Skelly
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
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Nazaruk D, Palacios A, Marshall N, Choongo J. Parental Knowledge on Prevention of SUID. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
According to the 2018 America’s Health Ranking Annual Report, the U.S. infant mortality rate (IMR) was 5.9 deaths per 1,000 live infant births, which placed the U.S. at No. 33 out of 36 countries with the world’s largest economies in 2018. The IMR in Georgia has been on the rise since 2014. Even though there was a sharp decline in sudden unexpected/unexplained causes of death (SUID) beginning in 1990, the decrease has considerably slowed down since 1999. In 2017, the top ten leading causes of infant death were responsible for 67.8% of all infant deaths in the United States. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and death from unintentional injuries were in third and fourth place. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to utilize qualitative research guided by the Socio-Ecological model to understand better how prepared first-time mothers are to take care of their infant upon hospital release.
Methods
An intensity sampling was utilized to recruit participants. The inclusion criteria for the participants included first-time mothers with children under one year of age, women, Georgia residents over 18 years of age, and English speaking. A semi-structured guide was based on research queries and the ideological concepts of the Socio-Ecological Model. For the qualitative data examination, the thematic analysis was performed. All the interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded by using the program NVivo 11.
Results
A total of 25 women participated in the study. We will finish the data analysis by the end of May, 2022. The results of this qualitative study will help to fully understand the knowledge, perceptions, skills, and confidence of mothers about infant care.
Conclusions
The study’s results will help develop an information guide on primary infant care. Besides, health professionals and community organizations can utilize the study results to determine the information and support needed for new mothers.
Key messages
• The results of this qualitative study will help to fully understand the knowledge, perceptions, skills, and confidence of mothers about infant care.
• This study’s results will help develop an information guide (electronic or/and printed) on primary infant care based on first-time mothers’ needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nazaruk
- Health Policy and Community Health, Georgia Southern University , Savannah, USA
| | - A Palacios
- Health Policy and Community Health, Georgia Southern University , Savannah, USA
| | - N Marshall
- Health Policy and Community Health, Georgia Southern University , Savannah, USA
| | - J Choongo
- Health Policy and Community Health, Georgia Southern University , Savannah, USA
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Lin A, Marshall N, Visser S, Jo H, Al-Hindawi Y, Aquino-Salomon T, Lau E, Yozghatlian V, Sivam S. 48: Adult diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in Australia. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rolband L, Yourston L, Chandler M, Beasock D, Danai L, Kozlov S, Marshall N, Shevchenko O, Krasnoslobodtsev AV, Afonin KA. DNA-Templated Fluorescent Silver Nanoclusters Inhibit Bacterial Growth While Being Non-Toxic to Mammalian Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:4045. [PMID: 34279383 PMCID: PMC8271471 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver has a long history of antibacterial effectiveness. The combination of atomically precise metal nanoclusters with the field of nucleic acid nanotechnology has given rise to DNA-templated silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) which can be engineered with reproducible and unique fluorescent properties and antibacterial activity. Furthermore, cytosine-rich single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides designed to fold into hairpin structures improve the stability of AgNCs and additionally modulate their antibacterial properties and the quality of observed fluorescent signals. In this work, we characterize the sequence-specific fluorescence and composition of four representative DNA-AgNCs, compare their corresponding antibacterial effectiveness at different pH, and assess cytotoxicity to several mammalian cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Rolband
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Liam Yourston
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Morgan Chandler
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Damian Beasock
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Leyla Danai
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Seraphim Kozlov
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Nolan Marshall
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Oleg Shevchenko
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | | | - Kirill A Afonin
- Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
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Espinel P, Marshall N, Yee BJ, Hollis J, Smith K, D'Rozario AL, Gauthier G, Lambert T, Grunstein RR. Sleep-disordered breathing in severe mental illness: clinical evaluation of oximetry diagnosis and management limitations. Sleep Breath 2020; 25:1433-1440. [PMID: 33245500 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-020-02259-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To describe the diagnosis and management pathway of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in a sample of patients with severe mental illness (SMI), and to assess the feasibility and patient acceptability of overnight oximetry as a first-step screening method for detecting severe SDB in this population. METHODS The study was a retrospective audit of patients with SMI seen at a Collaborative Centre for Cardiometabolic Health in Psychosis service who were invited for overnight oximetry between November 2015 and May 2018. The adjusted oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was calculated using 4% desaturation criteria. Results were discussed with a sleep specialist and categorized into a 4-level risk probability tool for SDB. RESULTS Of 91 adults consenting for overnight oximetry, 90 collected some oximetry data, though 11 of these 90 patients collected technically unsatisfactory oximetry. Thus 79/90 patients (88%) collected adequate oximetry data for at least one night. The oximetry traces suggested likely minimal obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in 41 cases, moderate to severe OSA in 25 patients, severe OSA in 9 patients and possible obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) in 4 cases. Full polysomnography was recommended for 39 patients but only one-third underwent testing. Nineteen patients were reviewed by a sleep specialist. Of the 10 patients who initiated CPAP, four were considered adherent to treatment. CONCLUSION Home oximetry may be a pragmatic option for SDB screening in patients with SMI but reliable full diagnostic and management pathways need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Espinel
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology - NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Level 4, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW, 2018, Australia.,Collaborative Centre for Cardiometabolic Health in Psychosis - Sydney Local Health District, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - N Marshall
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology - NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Level 4, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW, 2018, Australia.,Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Sydney, 88 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - B J Yee
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology - NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Level 4, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW, 2018, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Level 11, 50 Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - J Hollis
- Collaborative Centre for Cardiometabolic Health in Psychosis - Sydney Local Health District, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - K Smith
- Collaborative Centre for Cardiometabolic Health in Psychosis - Sydney Local Health District, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia.,Concord Clinical School, Medical Education Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - A L D'Rozario
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology - NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Level 4, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW, 2018, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Brain and Mind Centre and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - G Gauthier
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Level 11, 50 Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - T Lambert
- Collaborative Centre for Cardiometabolic Health in Psychosis - Sydney Local Health District, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia.,Concord Clinical School, Medical Education Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Road, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia.,RPA-Charles Perkins Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, John Hopkins Drive, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - R R Grunstein
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology - NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Level 4, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, NSW, 2018, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. .,RPA-Charles Perkins Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, John Hopkins Drive, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
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Triolo TM, Fouts A, Pyle L, Yu L, Gottlieb PA, Steck AK, Greenbaum CJ, Atkinson M, Baidal D, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Clements M, Colman P, DiMeglio L, Gitelman S, Goland R, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Knip M, Krischer J, Lernmark A, Moore W, Moran A, Muir A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Raskin P, Redondo M, Rodriguez H, Russell W, Spain L, Schatz D, Sosenko J, Wentworth J, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Anderson M, Antinozzi P, Benoist C, Blum J, Bourcier K, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Insel R, Kaufman F, Kay T, Leschek E, Mahon J, Marks J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Pugliese A, Roep B, Roncarolo M, Savage P, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Skyler J, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Bourcier K, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Insel R, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Rafkin L, Sosenko JM, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Krischer JP, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Dixit S, Pasha M, King K, Adcock H, Atterberry L, Fox K, Englert N, Mauras J, Permuy K, Sikes T, Adams T, Berhe B, Guendling L, McLennan L, Paganessi C, Murphy M, Draznin M, Kamboj S, Sheppard V, Lewis L, Coates W, Amado D, Moore G, Babar J, Bedard D, Brenson-Hughes J, Cernich M, Clements R, Duprau S, Goodman L, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz A, Asif I, Karmazin T, Letjen S, Raman D, Morin W, Bestermann E, Morawski J, White A, Brockmyer R, Bays S, Campbell A, Boonstra M, Stapleton N, Stone A, Donoho H, Everett H, Hensley M, Johnson C, Marshall N, Skirvin P, Taylor R, Williams L, Burroughs C, Ray C, Wolverton D, Nickels C, Dothard P, Speiser M, Pellizzari L, Bokor K, Izuora S, Abdelnour P, Cummings S, Cuthbertson D, Paynor M, Leahy M, Riedl S, Shockley R, Saad T, Briones S, Casella C, Herz K, Walsh J, Greening F, Deemer M, Hay S, Hunt N, Sikotra L, Simons D, Karounos R, Oremus L, Dye L, Myers D, Ballard W, Miers R, Eberhard C, Sparks K, Thraikill K, Edwards J, Fowlkes S, Kemp A, Morales L, Holland L, Johnson P, Paul A, Ghatak K, Fiske S, Phelen H, Leyland T, Henderson D, Brenner E, Oppenheimer I, Mamkin C, Moniz C, Clarson M, Lovell A, Peters V, Ford J, Ruelas D, Borut D, Burt M, Jordan S, Castilla P, Flores M, Ruiz L, Hanson J, Green-Blair R, Sheridan K, Garmeson J, Wintergerst G, Pierce A, Omoruyi M, Foster S, Kingery A, Lunsford I, Cervantes T, Parker P, Price J, Urben I, Guillette H, Doughty H, Haydock V, Parker P, Bergman S, Duncum C, Rodda A, Perelman R, Calendo C, Barrera E, Arce-Nunez Y, Geyer S, Martinez M, De la Portilla I, Cardenas L, Garrido M, Villar R, Lorini E, Calandra G, D’Annuzio K, Perri N, Minuto C, Hays B, Rebora R, Callegari O, Ali J, Kramer B, Auble S, Cabrera P, Donohoue R, Fiallo-Scharer M, Hessner P, Wolfgram A, Henderson C, Kansra N, Bettin R, McCuller A, Miller S, Accacha J, Corrigan E, Fiore R, Levine T, Mahoney C, Polychronakos V, Henry M, Gagne H, Starkman M, Fox D, Chin F, Melchionne L, Silverman I, Marshall L, Cerracchio J, Cruz A, Viswanathan J, Heyman K, Wilson S, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn A, Lala P, Clesi M, Genet G, Uwaifo A, Charron T, Allerton W, Hsiao B, Cefalu L, Melendez-Ramirez R, Richards C, Alleyn E, Gustafson M, Lizanna J, Wahlen S, Aleiwe M, Hansen H, Wahlen C, Karges C, Levy A, Bonaccorso R, Rapaport Y, Tomer D, Chia M, Goldis L, Iazzetti M, Klein C, Levister L, Waldman E, Keaton N, Wallach M, Regelmann Z, Antal M, Aranda C, Reynholds A, Vinik P, Barlow M, Bourcier M, Nevoret J, Couper S, Kinderman A, Beresford N, Thalagne H, Roper J, Gibbons J, Hill S, Balleaut C, Brennan J, Ellis-Gage L, Fear T, Gray L, Law P, Jones C, McNerney L, Pointer N, Price K, Few D, Tomlinson N, Leech D, Wake C, Owens M, Burns J, Leinbach A, Wotherspoon A, Murray K, Short G, Curry S, Kelsey J, Lawson J, Porter S, Stevens E, Thomson S, Winship L, Liu S, Wynn E, Wiltshire J, Krebs P, Cresswell H, Faherty C, Ross L, Denvir J, Drew T, Randell P, Mansell S, Lloyd J, Bell S, Butler Y, Hooton H, Navarra A, Roper G, Babington L, Crate H, Cripps A, Ledlie C, Moulds R, Malloy J, Norton B, Petrova O, Silkstone C, Smith K, Ghai M, Murray V, Viswanathan M, Henegan O, Kawadry J, Olson L, Maddox K, Patterson T, Ahmad B, Flores D, Domek S, Domek K, Copeland M, George J, Less T, Davis M, Short A, Martin J, Dwarakanathan P, O’Donnell B, Boerner L, Larson M, Phillips M, Rendell K, Larson C, Smith K, Zebrowski L, Kuechenmeister M, Miller J, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels H, Speer N, Forghani R, Quintana C, Reh A, Bhangoo P, Desrosiers L, Ireland T, Misla C, Milliot E, Torres S, Wells J, Villar M, Yu D, Berry D, Cook J, Soder A, Powell M, Ng M, Morrison Z, Moore M, Haslam M, Lawson B, Bradley J, Courtney C, Richardson C, Watson E, Keely D, DeCurtis M, Vaccarcello-Cruz Z, Torres K, Muller S, Sandberg H, Hsiang B, Joy D, McCormick A, Powell H, Jones J, Bell S, Hargadon S, Hudson M, Kummer S, Nguyen T, Sauder E, Sutton K, Gensel R, Aguirre-Castaneda V, Benavides, Lopez D, Hemp S, Allen J, Stear E, Davis T, O’Donnell R, Jones A, Roberts J, Dart N, Paramalingam L, Levitt Katz N, Chaudhary K, Murphy S, Willi B, Schwartzman C, Kapadia D, Roberts A, Larson D, McClellan G, Shaibai L, Kelley G, Villa C, Kelley R, Diamond M, Kabbani T, Dajani F, Hoekstra M, Sadler K, Magorno J, Holst V, Chauhan N, Wilson P, Bononi M, Sperl A, Millward M, Eaton L, Dean J, Olshan H, Stavros T, Renna C, Milliard, Brodksy L, Bacon J, Quintos L, Topor S, Bialo B, Bancroft A, Soto W, Lagarde H, Tamura R, Lockemer T, Vanderploeg M, Ibrahim M, Huie V, Sanchez R, Edelen R, Marchiando J, Palmer T, Repas M, Wasson P, Wood K, Auker J, Culbertson T, Kieffer D, Voorhees T, Borgwardt L, DeRaad K, Eckert E, Isaacson H, Kuhn A, Carroll M, Xu P, Schubert G, Francis S, Hagan T, Le M, Penn E, Wickham C, Leyva K, Rivera J, Padilla I, Rodriguez N, Young K, Jospe J, Czyzyk B, Johnson U, Nadgir N, Marlen G, Prakasam C, Rieger N, Glaser E, Heiser B, Harris C, Alies P, Foster H, Slater K, Wheeler D, Donaldson M, Murray D, Hale R, Tragus D, Word J, Lynch L, Pankratz W, Badias F, Rogers R, Newfield S, Holland M, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk A, Philis-Tsimikas R, Rosal S, Franklin S, Guardado N, Bohannon M, Baker A, Garcia T, Aguinaldo J, Phan V, Barraza D, Cohen J, Pinsker U, Khan J, Wiley L, Jovanovic P, Misra M, Bassi M, Wright D, Cohen K, Huang M, Skiles S, Maxcy C, Pihoker K, Cochrane J, Fosse S, Kearns M, Klingsheim N, Beam C, Wright L, Viles H, Smith S, Heller M, Cunningham A, Daniels L, Zeiden J, Field R, Walker K, Griffin L, Boulware D, Bartholow C, Erickson J, Howard B, Krabbenhoft C, Sandman A, Vanveldhuizen J, Wurlger A, Zimmerman K, Hanisch L, Davis-Keppen A, Bounmananh L, Cotterill J, Kirby M, Harris A, Schmidt C, Kishiyama C, Flores J, Milton W, Martin C, Whysham A, Yerka T, Bream S, Freels J, Hassing J, Webster R, Green P, Carter J, Galloway D, Hoelzer S, Roberts S, Said P, Sullivan H, Freeman D, Allen E, Reiter E, Feinberg C, Johnson L, Newhook D, Hagerty N, White L, Levandoski J, Kyllo M, Johnson C, Gough J, Benoit P, Iyer F, Diamond H, Hosono S, Jackman L, Barette P, Jones I, Sills S, Bzdick J, Bulger R, Ginem J, Weinstock I, Douek R, Andrews G, Modgill G, Gyorffy L, Robin N, Vaidya S, Crouch K, O’Brien C, Thompson N, Granger M, Thorne J, Blumer J, Kalic L, Klepek J, Paulett B, Rosolowski J, Horner M, Watkins J, Casey K, Carpenter C, Michelle Kieffer MH, Burns J, Horton C, Pritchard D, Soetaert A, Wynne C, Chin O, Molina C, Patel R, Senguttuvan M, Wheeler O, Lane P, Furet C, Steuhm D, Jelley S, Goudeau L, Chalmers D, Greer C, Panagiotopoulos D, Metzger D, Nguyen M, Horowitz M, Linton C, Christiansen E, Glades C, Morimoto M, Macarewich R, Norman K, Patin C, Vargas A, Barbanica A, Yu P, Vaidyanathan W, Nallamshetty L, Osborne R, Mehra S, Kaster S, Neace J, Horner G, Reeves C, Cordrey L, Marrs T, Miller S, Dowshen D, Oduah V, Doyle S, Walker D, Catte H, Dean M, Drury-Brown B, Hackman M, Lee S, Malkani K, Cullen K, Johnson P, Parrimon Y, Hampton M, McCarrell C, Curtis E, Paul, Zambrano Y, Paulus K, Pilger J, Ramiro J, Luvon Ritzie AQ, Sharma A, Shor A, Song X, Terry A, Weinberger J, Wootten M, Lachin JM, Foulkes M, Harding P, Krause-Steinrauf H, McDonough S, McGee PF, Owens Hess K, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Leschek E, Spain L, Savage P, Aas S, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Vigersky R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Veatch R, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Leschek E, Marks J, Matheson D, Rafkin L, Rodriguez H, Spain L, Wilson D, Redondo M, Gomez D, McDonald A, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Shippy K, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, Hefty D, Klein J, Kuhns K, Letlau M, Lord S, McCulloch-Olson M, Miller L, Nepom G, Odegard J, Ramey M, Sachter E, St. Marie M, Stickney K, VanBuecken D, Vellek B, Webber C, Allen L, Bollyk J, Hilderman N, Ismail H, Lamola S, Sanda S, Vendettuoli H, Tridgell D, Monzavi R, Bock M, Fisher L, Halvorson M, Jeandron D, Kim M, Wood J, Geffner M, Kaufman F, Parkman R, Salazar C, Goland R, Clynes R, Cook S, Freeby M, Pat Gallagher M, Gandica R, Greenberg E, Kurland A, Pollak S, Wolk A, Chan M, Koplimae L, Levine E, Smith K, Trast J, DiMeglio L, Blum J, Evans-Molina C, Hufferd R, Jagielo B, Kruse C, Patrick V, Rigby M, Spall M, Swinney K, Terrell J, Christner L, Ford L, Lynch S, Menendez M, Merrill P, Pescovitz M, Rodriguez H, Alleyn C, Baidal D, Fay S, Gaglia J, Resnick B, Szubowicz S, Weir G, Benjamin R, Conboy D, deManbey A, Jackson R, Jalahej H, Orban T, Ricker A, Wolfsdorf J, Zhang HH, Wilson D, Aye T, Baker B, Barahona K, Buckingham B, Esrey K, Esrey T, Fathman G, Snyder R, Aneja B, Chatav M, Espinoza O, Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, Eckert J, Ehler A, Eisenbarth G, Fain P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Frank N, Goettle H, Haarhues M, Harris S, Horton L, Hutton J, Jeffrrey J, Jenison R, Jones K, Kastelic W, King MA, Lehr D, Lungaro J, Mason K, Maurer H, Nguyen L, Proto A, Realsen J, Schmitt K, Schwartz M, Skovgaard S, Smith J, Vanderwel B, Voelmle M, Wagner R, Wallace A, Walravens P, Weiner L, Westerhoff B, Westfall E, Widmer K, Wright H, Schatz D, Abraham A, Atkinson M, Cintron M, Clare-Salzler M, Ferguson J, Haller M, Hosford J, Mancini D, Rohrs H, Silverstein J, Thomas J, Winter W, Cole G, Cook R, Coy R, Hicks E, Lewis N, Marks J, Pugliese A, Blaschke C, Matheson D, Pugliese A, Sanders-Branca N, Ray Arce LA, Cisneros M, Sabbag S, Moran A, Gibson C, Fife B, Hering B, Kwong C, Leschyshyn J, Nathan B, Pappenfus B, Street A, Boes MA, Peterson Eck S, Finney L, Albright Fischer T, Martin A, Jacqueline Muzamhindo C, Rhodes M, Smith J, Wagner J, Wood B, Becker D, Delallo K, Diaz A, Elnyczky B, Libman I, Pasek B, Riley K, Trucco M, Copemen B, Gwynn D, Toledo F, Rodriguez H, Bollepalli S, Diamond F, Eyth E, Henson D, Lenz A, Shulman D, Raskin P, Adhikari S, Dickson B, Dunnigan E, Lingvay I, Pruneda L, Ramos-Roman M, Raskin P, Rhee C, Richard J, Siegelman M, Sturges D, Sumpter K, White P, Alford M, Arthur J, Aviles-Santa ML, Cordova E, Davis R, Fernandez S, Fordan S, Hardin T, Jacobs A, Kaloyanova P, Lukacova-Zib I, Mirfakhraee S, Mohan A, Noto H, Smith O, Torres N, Wherrett D, Balmer D, Eisel L, Kovalakovska R, Mehan M, Sultan F, Ahenkorah B, Cevallos J, Razack N, Jo Ricci M, Rhode A, Srikandarajah M, Steger R, Russell WE, Black M, Brendle F, Brown A, Moore D, Pittel E, Robertson A, Shannon A, Thomas JW, Herold K, Feldman L, Sherwin R, Tamborlane W, Weinzimer S, Toppari J, Kallio T, Kärkkäinen M, Mäntymäki E, Niininen T, Nurmi B, Rajala P, Romo M, Suomenrinne S, Näntö-Salonen K, Simell O, Simell T, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Bianconi E, Bonfanti R, Grogan P, Laurenzi A, Martinenghi S, Meschi F, Pastore M, Falqui L, Teresa Muscato M, Viscardi M, Bingley P, Castleden H, Farthing N, Loud S, Matthews C, McGhee J, Morgan A, Pollitt J, Elliot-Jones R, Wheaton C, Knip M, Siljander H, Suomalainen H, Colman P, Healy F, Mesfin S, Redl L, Wentworth J, Willis J, Farley M, Harrison L, Perry C, Williams F, Mayo A, Paxton J, Thompson V, Volin L, Fenton C, Carr L, Lemon E, Swank M, Luidens M, Salgam M, Sharma V, Schade D, King C, Carano R, Heiden J, Means N, Holman L, Thomas I, Madrigal D, Muth T, Martin C, Plunkett C, Ramm C, Auchus R, Lane W, Avots E, Buford M, Hale C, Hoyle J, Lane B, Muir A, Shuler S, Raviele N, Ivie E, Jenkins M, Lindsley K, Hansen I, Fadoju D, Felner E, Bode B, Hosey R, Sax J, Jefferies C, Mannering S, Prentis R, She J, Stachura M, Hopkins D, Williams J, Steed L, Asatapova E, Nunez S, Knight S, Dixon P, Ching J, Donner T, Longnecker S, Abel K, Arcara K, Blackman S, Clark L, Cooke D, Plotnick L, Levin P, Bromberger L, Klein K, Sadurska K, Allen C, Michaud D, Snodgrass H, Burghen G, Chatha S, Clark C, Silverberg J, Wittmer C, Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del A, Rio A, Logan H, Collier C, Rishton G, Whalley A, Ali S, Ramtoola T, Quattrin L, Mastrandea A, House M, Ecker C, Huang C, Gougeon J, Ho D, Pacuad D, Dunger J, May C, O’Brien C, Acerini B, Salgin A, Thankamony R, Williams J, Buse G, Fuller M, Duclos J, Tricome H, Brown D, Pittard D, Bowlby A, Blue T, Headley S, Bendre K, Lewis K, Sutphin C, Soloranzo J, Puskaric H, Madison M, Rincon M, Carlucci R, Shridharani B, Rusk E, Tessman D, Huffman H, Abrams B, Biederman M, Jones V, Leathers W, Brickman P, Petrie D, Zimmerman J, Howard L, Miller R, Alemzadeh D, Mihailescu R, Melgozza-Walker N, Abdulla C, Boucher-Berry D, Ize-Ludlow R, Levy C, Swenson, Brousell N, Crimmins D, Edler T, Weis C, Schultz D, Rogers D, Latham C, Mawhorter C, Switzer W, Spencer P, Konstantnopoulus S, Broder J, Klein L, Knight L, Szadek G, Welnick B, Thompson R, Hoffman A, Revell J, Cherko K, Carter E, Gilson J, Haines G, Arthur B, Bowen W, Zipf P, Graves R, Lozano D, Seiple K, Spicer A, Chang J, Fregosi J, Harbinson C, Paulson S, Stalters P, Wright D, Zlock A, Freeth J, Victory H, Maheshwari A, Maheshwari T, Holmstrom J, Bueno R, Arguello J, Ahern L, Noreika V, Watson S, Hourse P, Breyer C, Kissel Y, Nicholson M, Pfeifer S, Almazan J, Bajaj M, Quinn K, Funk J, McCance E, Moreno R, Veintimilla A, Wells J, Cook S, Trunnel J, Henske S, Desai K, Frizelis F, Khan R, Sjoberg K, Allen P, Manning G, Hendry B, Taylor S, Jones W, Strader M, Bencomo T, Bailey L, Bedolla C, Roldan C, Moudiotis B, Vaidya C, Anning S, Bunce S, Estcourt E, Folland E, Gordon C, Harrill J, Ireland J, Piper L, Scaife K, Sutton S, Wilkins M, Costelloe J, Palmer L, Casas C, Miller M, Burgard C, Erickson J, Hallanger-Johnson P, Clark W, Taylor A, Lafferty S, Gillett C, Nolan M, Pathak L, Sondrol T, Hjelle S, Hafner J, Kotrba R, Hendrickson A, Cemeroglu T, Symington M, Daniel Y, Appiagyei-Dankah D, Postellon M, Racine L, Kleis K, Barnes S, Godwin H, McCullough K, Shaheen G, Buck L, Noel M, Warren S, Weber S, Parker I, Gillespie B, Nelson C, Frost J, Amrhein E, Moreland A, Hayes J, Peggram J, Aisenberg M, Riordan J, Zasa E, Cummings K, Scott T, Pinto A, Mokashi K, McAssey E, Helden P, Hammond L, Dinning S, Rahman S, Ray C, Dimicri S, Guppy H, Nielsen C, Vogel C, Ariza L, Morales Y, Chang R, Gabbay L, Ambrocio L, Manley R, Nemery W, Charlton P, Smith L, Kerr B, Steindel-Kopp M, Alamaguer D, Liljenquist G, Browning T, Coughenour M, Sulk E, Tsalikan M, Tansey J, Cabbage N. Identical and Nonidentical Twins: Risk and Factors Involved in Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:192-199. [PMID: 30061316 PMCID: PMC6341285 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are variable reports of risk of concordance for progression to islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes in identical twins after one twin is diagnosed. We examined development of positive autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes and the effects of genetic factors and common environment on autoantibody positivity in identical twins, nonidentical twins, and full siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (N = 48,026) were screened from 2004 to 2015 for islet autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated antigen 2 [IA-2A], and autoantibodies against insulin [IAA]). Of these subjects, 17,226 (157 identical twins, 283 nonidentical twins, and 16,786 full siblings) were followed for autoantibody positivity or type 1 diabetes for a median of 2.1 years. RESULTS At screening, identical twins were more likely to have positive GADA, IA-2A, and IAA than nonidentical twins or full siblings (all P < 0.0001). Younger age, male sex, and genetic factors were significant factors for expression of IA-2A, IAA, one or more positive autoantibodies, and two or more positive autoantibodies (all P ≤ 0.03). Initially autoantibody-positive identical twins had a 69% risk of diabetes by 3 years compared with 1.5% for initially autoantibody-negative identical twins. In nonidentical twins, type 1 diabetes risk by 3 years was 72% for initially multiple autoantibody-positive, 13% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0% for initially autoantibody-negative nonidentical twins. Full siblings had a 3-year type 1 diabetes risk of 47% for multiple autoantibody-positive, 12% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0.5% for initially autoantibody-negative subjects. CONCLUSIONS Risk of type 1 diabetes at 3 years is high for initially multiple and single autoantibody-positive identical twins and multiple autoantibody-positive nonidentical twins. Genetic predisposition, age, and male sex are significant risk factors for development of positive autoantibodies in twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Alexandra Fouts
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Liping Yu
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Peter A. Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Kronholm E, Marshall N, Mänty M, Lahti J, Lahelma E, Rahkonen O, Lallukka T. Sleep, functioning and premature exit from labour market: repeated measures latent class analysis. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky212.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Kronholm
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Turku, Finland
| | | | - M Mänty
- Laurea University of Applied Sciences, Vantaa, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Lahti
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Lahelma
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O Rahkonen
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Lallukka
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Turku, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Affiliation(s)
- N Marshall
- Complex Product Systems Innovation Centre, University of Brighton E Sussex UK
| | - T Brady
- Complex Product Systems Innovation Centre, University of Brighton E Sussex UK
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Shah A, Callahan K, Usiak C, Sauvigne K, Leipzig R, Marshall N, Howe C. CREATION AND USE OF A NATIONAL, COMPETENCY BASED GERIATRICS EDUCATION CURRICULUM: WEBGEMS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Shah
- Community Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona,
| | | | - C. Usiak
- Mount Sinai, New York, New York,
| | | | | | | | - C. Howe
- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Cross N, Lampit A, Pye J, Grunstein R, Marshall N, Naismith S. 0614 IS OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA RELATED TO NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTION IN HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Silva J, Marshall N, Sanchez-Garcia F, Parsons R, Pe'er D. Abstract P2-06-02: BIN3 is an 8p21 tumor suppressor regulating the epithelial attachment checkpoint. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p2-06-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An important characteristic of multicellular organisms is the control that tissue architecture exerts on the growth and differentiation of individual cells. Epithelial cells sense their location through interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as neighboring cells. These interactions generate input signals, including survival, that are critical to maintain tissue and cellular homeostasis. When attachment is compromised, epithelial cells undergo an intrinsically programmed cell death (apoptosis) that is termed anoikis (from the Greek "loss of home"). Importantly, failure to execute the anoikis program could result in adherent epithelial cells surviving in suspension or being able to proliiferate at sites different from their original environment. Thus, anoikis is a line of defense that must be circumvented by cancerous epithelial cells for them to leave their home niche, thrive in inappropriate ECM environments, and establish long distance metastases. Thus, elucidating how epithelial cancer cells escape anoikis is critical to understanding cancer progression.
In order to uncover genes that modulate the anoikis response and are altered in human cancers, we performed a functional genomics study. We couple genome wide RNAi to identify gene functions that, when silenced, induce resistance to anoikis with a novel computational method, ISAR-DEL, specifically aimed at pinpointing candidate tumor suppressor genes based on recurrent loss of copy number. Our studies identified Bridging Integrator 3 (BIN3) as a novel tumor suppressor located on the chromosomal region 8p21.3, one of the most frequently lost regions in epithelial cancers.
Mechanistically, we link BIN3 tumor suppression function to its ability to sense changes in the curvature of the cell membrane and relocate to the cell membrane after cell detachment to induce a proapoptotic cascade. Once BIN3 has translocated to the cell membrane it modulates the relocation and function of CDC42. In these conditions, CDC42 transmits the signal that leads to the activation of the stress protein P38-α and programmed cell death mediated by accumulation of the apoptotic facilitator BimEL. Overall, our results explain how changes in cell geometry are integrated in the cellular signaling network and present, for the first time, BIN3 as a novel breast cancer tumors suppressor.
Citation Format: Silva J, Marshall N, Sanchez-Garcia F, Parsons R, Pe'er D. BIN3 is an 8p21 tumor suppressor regulating the epithelial attachment checkpoint. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-06-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Silva
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, NY; Columbia University, NYC, NY
| | - N Marshall
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, NY; Columbia University, NYC, NY
| | - F Sanchez-Garcia
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, NY; Columbia University, NYC, NY
| | - R Parsons
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, NY; Columbia University, NYC, NY
| | - D Pe'er
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, NY; Columbia University, NYC, NY
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Ellis J, Brown J, Smith C, Snell L, Capocci S, Ferro F, Ferreira J, Marshall N, Webster D, Johnson M, Lipman M. Influenza immunisation: knowledge and actions taken by UK HIV-positive adults. HIV Med 2015; 17:397-9. [DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Ellis
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - J Brown
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
- Division of Medicine; University College London; London UK
| | - C Smith
- Department of Infection and Population Health; University College London; London UK
| | - L Snell
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - S Capocci
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - F Ferro
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - J Ferreira
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - N Marshall
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - D Webster
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - M Johnson
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - M Lipman
- Departments of Respiratory and HIV Medicine; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
- Division of Medicine; University College London; London UK
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Saunders P, Goodman AL, Smith CJ, Marshall N, O'Connor JL, Lampe FC, Johnson MA. Does gender or mode of HIV acquisition affect virological response to modern antiretroviral therapy (ART)? HIV Med 2015; 17:18-27. [PMID: 26140659 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous UK studies have reported disparities in HIV treatment outcomes for women. We investigated whether these differences persist in the modern antiretroviral treatment (ART) era. METHODS A single-centre cohort analysis was carried out. We included in the study all previously ART-naïve individuals at our clinic starting triple ART from 1 January 2006 onwards with at least one follow-up viral load (VL). Time to viral suppression (VS; first viral load < 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL), virological failure (VF; first of two consecutive VLs > 200 copies/mL more than 6 months post-ART) and treatment modification were estimated using standard survival methods. RESULTS Of 1086 individuals, 563 (52%) were men whose risk for HIV acquisition was sex with other men (MSM), 207 (19%) were men whose risk for HIV acquisition was sex with women (MSW) and 316 (29%) were women. Median pre-ART CD4 count and time since HIV diagnosis in these groups were 298, 215 and 219 cells/μL, and 2.3, 0.3 and 0.3 years, respectively. Time to VS was comparable between groups, but women [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-4.22] and MSW (aHR 3.28; 95% CI 1.91-5.64) were at considerably higher risk of VF than MSM. Treatment switches and complete discontinuation were also more common among MSW [aHR 1.38 (95% CI 1.04-1.81) and aHR 1.73 (95% CI 0.97-3.16), respectively] and women [aHR 1.87 (95% CI 1.43-2.46) and aHR 3.20 (95% CI 2.03-5.03), respectively] than MSM. CONCLUSIONS Although response rates were good in all groups, poorer virological outcomes for women and MSW have persisted into the modern ART era. Factors that might influence the differences include socioeconomic status and mental health disorders. Further interventions to ensure excellent response rates in women and MSW are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Saunders
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A L Goodman
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - C J Smith
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Marshall
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J L O'Connor
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - F C Lampe
- Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - M A Johnson
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Binst J, Sterckx B, Bemelmans F, Cockmartin L, Van Peteghem N, Marshall N, Bosmans H. Evaluation of automated CDMAM readings for non-standard CDMAM imaging conditions: grid-less acquisitions and scatter correction. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2015; 165:350-353. [PMID: 25821214 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Siemens introduced a software-based scatter correction in combination with grid-less digital mammography for dose-reduced breast imaging. In this study, the potential dose reduction when compared with using a grid was calculated. Image quality was evaluated using the CDMAM phantom. Nine hundred and sixty CDMAM measurements were performed with and without grid. The images were analysed with the CDCOM software. The correlation of CDCOM readings of gold thickness thresholds with human readings for grid-less imaging was found to be linear, with slope 2.157 and off-set 0.024 (R(2) = 1), validating the further use of CDCOM. Dose reduction for 21, 32, 45, 60, 75 and 90 mm equivalent breast thickness was found to be 28, 17, 21, 18, 8 and 3 %. Scatter correction did not influence CDCOM readings, but image homogeneity was improved. Grid-less acquisitions, with or without scatter correction, can be used for reducing the dose while maintaining image quality as evaluated from the CDMAM phantom.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Binst
- Departement of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Sterckx
- Departement of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Bemelmans
- Departement of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Cockmartin
- Departement of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Van Peteghem
- Departement of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Marshall
- Departement of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Bosmans
- Departement of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Zhang G, Marshall N, Bogaerts R, Jacobs R, Bosmans H. Monte Carlo modeling for dose assessment in cone beam CT for oral and maxillofacial applications. Med Phys 2014; 40:072103. [PMID: 23822447 DOI: 10.1118/1.4810967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To adjust Monte Carlo modeling for dose assessment in dedicated cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the oral and maxillofacial region. METHODS Two different CBCT systems with different fields of view (FOVs), beam qualities, and scan geometries were modeled using Monte Carlo simulation. Dose calculations for typical CBCT examinations were performed with the head and neck part of four computational anatomical phantoms. RESULTS Simulation results compared favorably to values acquired experimentally using physical phantoms (in the literature). For a given phantom scanned with 90 kV and 60 × 60 mm FOV, effective dose per mAs was on average the same for the two different systems. Exposing the four phantoms under identical settings for the same CBCT system resulted in variations in organ doses of greater than 100%, leading to differences in effective dose of 30%. For one system, the dose dependence on the operating tube potential can be described with a quadratic polynomial function. Dose distributions over the axial plane were presented as contour plots. CONCLUSIONS Monte Carlo modeling is an efficient and accurate means of evaluating dose distributions for dedicated cone beam oral and maxillofacial CT. Results suggest large dose differences among patients undergoing the same examination on a given system, supporting approaches toward patient specific dosimetry. A dedicated and standardized computational phantom for head and neck dosimetry should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhang
- University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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O'Neill SB, O'Neill DC, Marshall N, Duddy L, Ryan MF, Barry JE. PB.16: Contrast-enhanced digital mammography: a single-centre experience. Breast Cancer Res 2013. [PMCID: PMC3980883 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Zhang G, Marshall N, Jacobs R, Liu Q, Bosmans H. Bowtie filtration for dedicated cone beam CT of the head and neck: a simulation study. Br J Radiol 2013; 86:20130002. [PMID: 23728948 PMCID: PMC3745055 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20130002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of bowtie filtration on dedicated cone beam CT (CBCT) of the head and neck. METHODS A validated hybrid simulation technique was used to model a commercial CBCT system with offset scanning geometry, 90 kV tube potential and 145×75 mm imaging field of view. Three bowtie filters were formulated to produce uniform flux intensity in the projection image of cylindrical objects of diameter 14, 16 and 18 cm. The influence of these simulated filters was compared with the original flat filtration in terms of the output radiation field, the dose delivered to the object, the scatter distribution in projections and the quality of the reconstructed image. RESULTS Compared against flat filtration, dose reduction for the bowtie case, examined as a function of radial distance within a 16-cm-diameter water cylinder, varied from 8.7% at the centre to 53.8% at the periphery. Scatter reduction, quantified using scatter-to-primary ratio in projection images, was up to 37.6% for a 14-cm-diameter cylindrical contrast phantom. Using the supplied routine image reconstruction, bowtie filtration resulted in comparable noise appearance, contrast resolution and artefact pattern for computational anatomical phantoms, with <5% difference in contrast-to-noise ratio. CONCLUSION Bowtie filtration can effectively reduce the dose and scatter in CBCT of the head and neck. For better image quality, corresponding modification to the image pre-processing and reconstruction is needed. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The hybrid simulation approach can usefully explore the impact of proposed system component and design changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Radua J, Surguladze SA, Marshall N, Walshe M, Bramon E, Collier DA, Prata DP, Murray RM, McDonald C. The impact of CACNA1C allelic variation on effective connectivity during emotional processing in bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:526-7. [PMID: 22614292 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Smillie SJ, King R, Pozsgai G, Liang L, Fernandes E, Marshall N, Howat S, Winter PD, Heads H, Shah A, Siow R, Dessapt-Baradez C, Gnudi L, Brain SD. α CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE (αCGRP) PLAYS A PROTECTIVE ROLE IN THE ONSET OF ANGIOTENSIN-II INDUCED HYPERTENSION AND VASCULAR INFLAMMATION/REMODELLING. Heart 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-303148a.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Zhang G, Pauwels R, Marshall N, Shaheen E, Nuyts J, Jacobs R, Bosmans H. Development and validation of a hybrid simulation technique for cone beam CT: application to an oral imaging system. Phys Med Biol 2011; 56:5823-43. [PMID: 21846936 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/56/18/004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This paper proposes a hybrid technique to simulate the complete chain of an oral cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) system for the study of both radiation dose and image quality. The model was developed around a 3D Accuitomo 170 unit (J Morita, Japan) with a tube potential range of 60-90 kV. The Monte Carlo technique was adopted to simulate the x-ray generation, filtration and collimation. Exact dimensions of the bow-tie filter were estimated iteratively using experimentally acquired flood images. Non-flat radiation fields for different exposure settings were mediated via 'phase spaces'. Primary projection images were obtained by ray tracing at discrete energies and were fused according to the two-dimensional energy modulation templates derived from the phase space. Coarse Monte Carlo simulations were performed for scatter projections and the resulting noisy images were smoothed by Richardson-Lucy fitting. Resolution and noise characteristics of the flat panel detector were included using the measured modulation transfer function (MTF) and the noise power spectrum (NPS), respectively. The Monte Carlo dose calculation was calibrated in terms of kerma free-in-air about the isocenter, using an ionization chamber, and was subsequently validated by comparison against the measured air kerma in water at various positions of a cylindrical water phantom. The resulting dose discrepancies were found <10% for most cases. Intensity profiles of the experimentally acquired and simulated projection images of the water phantom showed comparable fractional increase over the common area as changing from a small to a large field of view, suggesting that the scatter was accurately accounted. Image validation was conducted using two small phantoms and the built-in quality assurance protocol of the system. The reconstructed simulated images showed high resemblance on contrast resolution, noise appearance and artifact pattern in comparison to experimentally acquired images, with <5% difference for voxel values of the aluminum and air insert regions and <3% difference for voxel uniformity across the homogeneous PMMA region. The detector simulation by use of the MTF and NPS data exhibited a big influence on noise and the sharpness of the resulting images. The hybrid simulation technique is flexible and has wide applicability to CBCT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
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Abstract
CASE HISTORY Lameness and limb pain associated with a laceration in the inner thigh of a Border Collie dog progressed over 4 days to extensive necrosis of the full-thickness of skin and subcutaneous (S/C) tissue. A successful outcome was achieved using surgical debridement and intensive supportive care, followed by limited local closure, axial pattern flap development, and free skin grafting. CLINICAL FINDINGS Clinical findings included severe pain, depression, pyrexia and hypoalbuminaemia, and full-thickness loss of skin from the caudal thigh to the hock. Histopathologically, debrided tissue showed extensive necrosis of the dermis, adipose and muscle tissues, and the presence of numerous Gram-negative rods. Escherichia coli was cultured from deep tissue samples. DIAGNOSIS Necrotising fasciitis (NF) associated with E. coli infection. CLINICAL RELEVANCE NF associated with E. coli has not been previously reported in dogs. The importance of early diagnosis and surgical debridement is noted and the relevant medical literature is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Worth
- Massey University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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Singh R, Marshall N, Reynolds CJ, Breen RAM, Smith CJ, Swaden L, Bhagani S, Hopkins S, Johnson MA, Lipman MCI. P168 Rifabutin is a useful alternative to rifampicin in the treatment of active TB/HIV co-infection. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.151043.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jose RJ, Smith C, Breen R, Marshall N, Cropley I, Hopkins S, Lipman MCI. P162 How many and how much? Assessing resource utilisation in Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) management using routinely collected hospital data. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.151043.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Allin MPG, Marshall N, Schulze K, Walshe M, Hall MH, Picchioni M, Murray RM, McDonald C. A functional MRI study of verbal fluency in adults with bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives. Psychol Med 2010; 40:2025-2035. [PMID: 20146832 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291710000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with a history of bipolar disorder demonstrate abnormalities of executive function, even during euthymia. The neural architecture underlying this and its relationship with genetic susceptibility for illness remain unclear. METHOD We assessed 18 remitted individuals with bipolar disorder, 19 of their unaffected first degree relatives and 19 healthy controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a paced verbal fluency task with two levels of difficulty. RESULTS Bipolar patients made significantly more errors in the easy level of the verbal fluency task than their relatives or controls. Analysis of variance of fMRI data demonstrated a significant main effect of group in a large cluster including retrosplenial cortex and adjacent precuneate cortex (x=7, y=-56, x=15). All three groups showed deactivation in these areas during task performance relative to a neutral or rest condition. Group differences comprised a lesser amount of deactivation in unaffected relatives compared with controls in the easy condition [F(2, 55)=3.42, p=0.04] and in unaffected relatives compared with bipolar patients in the hard condition [F(2, 55)=4.34, p=0.018]. Comparison with the control group indicated that both bipolar patients and their relatives showed similar deficits of deactivation in retrosplenial cortex and reduced activation of left prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Bipolar disorder may be associated with an inherited abnormality of a neural network incorporating left prefrontal cortex and bilateral retrosplenial cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P G Allin
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, London, UK.
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Glynn R, Marshall N, Coffey N, Kearins O, Lawrence G, Bishop H, Kerin M. O-81 The impact of caseload on practice patterns in breast cancer: Evidence from the UK Breast Screening Programme. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcsup.2010.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Surguladze SA, Marshall N, Schulze K, Hall MH, Walshe M, Bramon E, Phillips ML, Murray RM, McDonald C. Exaggerated neural response to emotional faces in patients with bipolar disorder and their first-degree relatives. Neuroimage 2010; 53:58-64. [PMID: 20595014 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder, including overactivity in anterior limbic structures in response to fearful or happy facial expressions. We investigated whether such anomalies might constitute heritable deviations underlying bipolar disorder, by virtue of being detectable in unaffected relatives carrying genetic liability for illness. Twenty patients with bipolar I disorder, twenty of their unaffected 1st degree relatives and twenty healthy volunteers participated in functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments of facial emotion processing. In one of these experiments, the participants watched faces expressing fear of varying intensities (moderate and high), intermixed with the non-emotional faces, and in another experiment - faces expressing moderate or high degrees of happiness intermixed with non-emotional faces. Repeated measures 2x3x3 ANOVA with emotion (fear and happy), intensity (neutral, moderate, and high) as within-subjects variables and group (patients, relatives, and controls) as between-subjects variable produced two clusters of differential activation, located in medial prefrontal cortex and left putamen. Activity in medial prefrontal cortex was greater in patients and in relatives compared with healthy volunteers in response to both fearful and happy faces. Activity in left putamen in response to moderate fear was greater in patients and in relatives compared with controls. Patients (but not relatives) showed also a greater activation in response to high intensity happy faces, compared with controls. Region of Interest analysis of amygdala activation showed increased activity in left amygdala in both patients and relatives groups in response to intensively happy faces. Exaggerated medial prefrontal cortical and subcortical (putamen and amygdala) responses to emotional signals may represent heritable neurobiological abnormalities underlying bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Surguladze
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
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Zanca F, Van Ongeval C, Marshall N, Meylaers T, Michielsen K, Marchal G, Bosmans H. The relationship between the attenuation properties of breast microcalcifications and aluminum. Phys Med Biol 2010; 55:1057-68. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/55/4/010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Dutt A, McDonald C, Dempster E, Prata D, Shaikh M, Williams I, Schulze K, Marshall N, Walshe M, Allin M, Collier D, Murray R, Bramon E. The effect of COMT, BDNF, 5-HTT, NRG1 and DTNBP1 genes on hippocampal and lateral ventricular volume in psychosis. Psychol Med 2009; 39:1783-1797. [PMID: 19573260 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291709990316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphometric endophenotypes which have been proposed for psychotic disorders include lateral ventricular enlargement and hippocampal volume reductions. Genetic epidemiological studies support an overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and COMT, BDNF, 5-HTT, NRG1 and DTNBP1 genes have been implicated in the aetiology of both these disorders. This study examined associations between these candidate genes and morphometric endophenotypes for psychosis. METHOD A total of 383 subjects (128 patients with psychosis, 194 of their unaffected relatives and 61 healthy controls) from the Maudsley Family Psychosis Study underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging and genotyping. The effect of candidate genes on brain morphometry was examined using linear regression models adjusting for clinical group, age, sex and correlations between members of the same family. RESULTS The results showed no evidence of association between variation in COMT genotype and lateral ventricular, and left or right hippocampal volumes. Neither was there any effect of the BDNF, 5-HTTLPR, NRG1 and DTNBP1 genotypes on these regional brain volumes. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal hippocampal and lateral ventricular volumes are among the most replicated endophenotypes for psychosis; however, the influences of COMT, BDNF, 5-HTT, NRG1 and DTNBP1 genes on these key brain regions must be very subtle if at all present.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dutt
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry (King's College London)/South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Stamm T, van der Giesen F, Thorstensson C, Steen E, Birrell F, Bauernfeind B, Marshall N, Prodinger B, Machold K, Smolen J, Kloppenburg M. Patient perspective of hand osteoarthritis in relation to concepts covered by instruments measuring functioning: a qualitative European multicentre study. Ann Rheum Dis 2008; 68:1453-60. [PMID: 18765429 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.096776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether the concepts important to patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA) are covered by the most commonly used instruments measuring functioning. METHOD A qualitative multicentre study using a focus group technique was performed in five European countries: Austria, The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The qualitative data analysis followed a modified form of "meaning condensation" and used the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a theoretical framework. Finally, the concepts from the focus groups were compared with the content of the most commonly used instruments which had been identified in an earlier theoretical analysis. RESULTS Fifty-six people (51 women, mean (SD) age 62.7 (7.9) years) with hand OA participated in this study in two focus groups per centre. 63 concepts were extracted from the focus groups. Twenty-one (33%) of the 63 concepts were covered by at least one instrument. Psychological consequences, different qualities of pain, aesthetic changes and leisure activities are important concepts from the focus groups which were not covered by the instruments. The qualitative analysis revealed detailed descriptions of pain-concerning sensations, levels and a certain relation to activity, none of which were fully represented in the instruments routinely used. CONCLUSION It was possible to combine the concepts of the focus groups from each centre into a common qualitative analysis. The concepts important to people with hand OA are not fully represented in the most commonly used instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Stamm
- Vienna Medical University, Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
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Marshall N, Watts S. 278. Comparison of Epidural Anaesthesia With Continuous Lumbar Plexus Block for Total Hip Arthroplasty. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Schmechtig A, Picchioni M, Ettinger U, Kumari V, Matsumoto K, Van Haren N, Marshall N, Hall M, Schulze K, Toulopoulou T, Davies N, Ribchester T, Williams S, McGuire P, Murray R. Magnetic resonance imaging of the frontal lobe in twins with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Dandona L, Sisodia P, Ramesh YK, Kumar SGP, Kumar AA, Rao MC, Someshwar M, Hansl B, Marshall N, Marseille E, Kahn JG. Cost and efficiency of HIV voluntary counselling and testing centres in Andhra Pradesh, India. Natl Med J India 2005; 18:26-31. [PMID: 15835489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND [corrected] As part of the effort to control HIV/AIDS, the number of HlV voluntarycounselling and testingcentres (VCTCs) is increasing rapidly in the public health system of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, which is estimated to have one of the highest rates of HIV infection in India. However, systematic data on the cost and efficiency of providing VCT services in India are not available to help guide efficient use of resources for these services. METHODS We used standardized methods to obtain detailed cost and output data for the 2002-03 fiscal year from written records and interviews in 17 VCTCs in the public health system in Andhra Pradesh. We calculated the economic cost per client receiving VCT services, and analysed the variation and determinants of total and unit costs across VCTCs. We used multivariate regression techniques to estimate incremental unit costs. We assessed hurdles towards serving an optimal number of clients by VCTCs. RESULTS In the 2002-03 fiscal year, 32 413 clients received the complete sequence of services at the 17 VCTCs, including post-HIV test counselling. The number of clients served by each VCTC ranged from 334 to 7802 (median 979). The overall HIV-positive rate in post-test counselled clients was 20.5% (range 5.4%-52.6%). The cost per client for the complete VCT sequence varied 6-fold between VCTCs (range Rs 141.5-829.6 [US 2.92-17.14 dollars], median Rs 363.5 [US 7.51 dollars]). The cost per client was significantly lower at VCTCs with more clients (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.83; power function) due to substantial fixed costs. Personnel made up the largest component of cost (53.7%). The cost per client had a significant direct relation with percent personnel cost for VCTCs (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.58; exponential function). A multiple regression model revealed that the incremental cost of providing complete VCT services to each HIV-positive and -negative client was Rs 123.5 (US 2.54 dollars) and Rs 59.2 (US 1.22 dollars), respectively. Fourteen VCTCs (82.4%) reported that they could serve more clients with the available personnel and infrastructure, and that inadequate demand for their services was the main hurdle towards achieving this. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the efforts of the National AIDS Control Organisation of India and the Andhra Pradesh State AIDS Control Society in increasing VCTCs could yield even higher benefit if the demand for these services was enhanced, as this would increase the number of clients served and reduce the cost per client. Ongoing systematic cost-efficiency analysis is necessary to help guide efficient use of HIV-control resources in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dandona
- Centre for Public Health Research, Administrative Staff College of India, Raj Bhavan Road, Hyderabad 500082, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Vaidya B, Pearce SHS, Charlton S, Marshall N, Rowan AD, Griffiths ID, Kendall-Taylor P, Cawston TE, Young-Min S. An association between the CTLA4 exon 1 polymorphism and early rheumatoid arthritis with autoimmune endocrinopathies. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2002; 41:180-3. [PMID: 11886967 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/41.2.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the allelic association of the single nucleotide polymorphism (CTLA4A/G) in exon 1 of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) gene with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS One hundred and twenty-three unrelated white probands with early RA from the north-east of England and 349 local ethnically matched controls were studied. The CTLA4A/G polymorphism was genotyped with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and digestion with the restriction enzyme Bst71I. Probands were also screened by allele-specific PCR for alleles HLA DRB1*01 and DRB1*04. RESULTS The frequency of the G allele at CTLA4A/G was significantly increased in probands with early RA compared with controls [43 vs 36%; P=0.028, odds ratio (OR) 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.82]. Most of this increased frequency was attributable to RA individuals with coexisting autoimmune thyroid disease or type 1 diabetes (58 vs 36% in controls; P=0.005, OR 2.50, CI 1.29-4.84). The frequency of the G allele in RA patients without autoimmune endocrinopathy was 40%, which was not significantly different from that in controls (P=0.140). CONCLUSION The association between the CTLA4 G allele and early RA is largely explained by individuals with RA who have coexisting autoimmune endocrinopathies.
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MESH Headings
- Abatacept
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Alleles
- Antigens, CD
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnostic imaging
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- CTLA-4 Antigen
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Exons
- Female
- Genotype
- Humans
- Immunoconjugates
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Radiography
- Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/genetics
- Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vaidya
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Clinical Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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Kavokin A, Ayalon O, Marshall N, Pamer E, Cresswell P, Bender J. Endothelial MHC-I-peptides specificity in IFN-gamma induced cytoprotection against natural killing. J Heart Lung Transplant 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-2498(01)00649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Paddock CD, McKerrow JH, Hansell E, Foreman KW, Hsieh I, Marshall N. Identification, cloning, and recombinant expression of procalin, a major triatomine allergen. J Immunol 2001; 167:2694-9. [PMID: 11509613 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.5.2694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Among the most frequent anaphylactic reactions to insects are those attributed to reduviid bugs. We report the purification and identification of the major salivary allergen of these insects. This 20-kDa protein (procalin) is a member of the lipocalin family, which includes salivary allergens from other invertebrates and mammals. An expression system capable of producing reagent quantities of recombinant allergen was developed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Antisera produced against recombinant protein cross-reacts with ELISA with salivary allergen. Recombinant Ag is also shown to react with sera from an allergic patient but not with control sera. By immunolocalization, the source of the salivary Ag is the salivary gland epithelium and its secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Paddock
- Viral and Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
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Finelli A, Kerksiek KM, Allen SE, Marshall N, Mercado R, Pilip I, Busch DH, Pamer EG. MHC class I restricted T cell responses to Listeria monocytogenes, an intracellular bacterial pathogen. Immunol Res 1999; 19:211-23. [PMID: 10493175 DOI: 10.1007/bf02786489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the murine immune response to infection with the intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes have provided a wealth of information about innate and acquired immune defenses in the setting of an infectious disease. Our studies have focused on the MHC class I restricted, CD8+ T cell responses of Balb/c mice to L. monocytogenes infection. Four peptides that derive from proteins that L. monocytogenes secretes into the cytosol of infected cells are presented to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) by the H2-Kd major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule. We have found that bacterially secreted proteins are rapidly degraded in the host cell cytosol by proteasomes that utilize, at least in part, the N-end rule to determine the rate of degradation. The MHC class I antigen processing pathway is remarkably efficient at generating peptides that bind to MHC class I molecules. The magnitude of in vivo T cell responses, however, is influenced to only a small degree by the amount of antigen or the efficiency of antigen presentation. Measurements of in vivo T cell expansion following L. monocytogenes infection indicate that differences in the sizes of peptide-specific T cell responses are more likely owing to differences in the repertoire of naive T cells than to differences in peptide presentation. This notion is supported by our additional finding that dominant T cell populations express a more diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire than do subdominant T cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Finelli
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8022, USA
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Singh SP, Miller S, Williams YU, Klebba PE, Macchia P, Marshall N. Recognition specificity of monoclonal antibodies which protect mice against Salmonella typhimurium infection. Res Microbiol 1999; 150:385-94. [PMID: 10466406 DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2508(99)80073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), competitive inhibition ELISA, flow cytometry and western immunoblots to study the antigenic specificity of two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against the cell surface antigens of Salmonella typhimurium. These mAbs (SH6.11 and WB60.4) protect CAF1 (Ity(r)) mice against endotoxemia and mouse typhoid. We found that SH6.11 and WB60.4 recognize Salmonella serogroup B-specific lipopolysaccharide O4 and O5 factors, respectively. These mAbs did not bind to Salmonella serotypes that belong to serogroup A, D1, E4, G2, or R and did not cross-react with other enteric and nonenteric bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Biomedical Research Program, Alabama State University, Montgomery 36101, USA.
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Marshall N. What has general dental practice got to offer? Community Dent Health 1998; 15 Suppl 1:301-3. [PMID: 9973733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Archambault J, Pan G, Dahmus GK, Cartier M, Marshall N, Zhang S, Dahmus ME, Greenblatt J. FCP1, the RAP74-interacting subunit of a human protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase IIO. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:27593-601. [PMID: 9765293 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.42.27593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
TFIIF (RAP30/74) is a general initiation factor that also increases the rate of elongation by RNA polymerase II. A two-hybrid screen for RAP74-interacting proteins produced cDNAs encoding FCP1a, a novel, ubiquitously expressed human protein that interacts with the carboxyl-terminal evolutionarily conserved domain of RAP74. Related cDNAs encoding FCP1b lack a carboxyl-terminal RAP74-binding domain of FCP1a. FCP1 is an essential subunit of a RAP74-stimulated phosphatase that processively dephosphorylates the carboxyl-terminal domain of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit. FCP1 is also a stoichiometric component of a human RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Archambault
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L6
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Beattie J, Mockridge J, Bramani S, Davies H, Marshall N, Buckle PE. Binding and signalling properties of a GH-enhancing monoclonal antibody. Biochem Soc Trans 1998; 26:S56. [PMID: 10909814 DOI: 10.1042/bst026s056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Beattie
- Hannah Research Institute, Ayr, Scotland
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Zhu Y, Pe'ery T, Peng J, Ramanathan Y, Marshall N, Marshall T, Amendt B, Mathews MB, Price DH. Transcription elongation factor P-TEFb is required for HIV-1 tat transactivation in vitro. Genes Dev 1997; 11:2622-32. [PMID: 9334325 PMCID: PMC316609 DOI: 10.1101/gad.11.20.2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 571] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/1997] [Accepted: 08/21/1997] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
P-TEFb is a key regulator of the process controlling the processivity of RNA polymerase II and possesses a kinase activity that can phosphorylate the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. Here we report the cloning of the small subunit of Drosophila P-TEFb and the finding that it encodes a Cdc2-related protein kinase. Sequence comparison suggests that a protein with 72% identity, PITALRE, could be the human homolog of the Drosophila protein. Functional homology was suggested by transcriptional analysis of an RNA polymerase II promoter with HeLa nuclear extract depleted of PITALRE. Because the depleted extract lost the ability to produce long DRB-sensitive transcripts and this loss was reversed by the addition of purified Drosophila P-TEFb, we propose that PITALRE is a component of human P-TEFb. In addition, we found that PITALRE associated with the activation domain of HIV-1 Tat, indicating that P-TEFb is a Tat-associated kinase (TAK). An in vitro transcription assay demonstrates that the effect of Tat on transcription elongation requires P-TEFb and suggests that the enhancement of transcriptional processivity by Tat is attributable to enhanced function of P-TEFb on the HIV-1 LTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
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Marshall N, Bass M. Developing a family medicine presence on the Internet. Can Fam Physician 1995; 41:1377-8. [PMID: 7580387 PMCID: PMC2146350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Abstract
Deep-sea isopods of the family Munnopsidae exhibit four modes of swimming: forward striding, slow backward pedalling, fast backward pedalling and escape, the first two of which use asymmetric phases of leg movement. Instead of moving the left and right limbs (pereopods, P2­P7) of a segment in-phase (e.g. RP2LP2, RP3LP3, RP4LP4), as do most aquatic insects, leg movement is more like that of fast-walking insects, where closest synchrony occurs between diagonal limbs (e.g. RP2LP3, RP3LP4, RP4LP2). This is similar to the alternating tripod gait used by many animals on land to prevent them from toppling over. It therefore seems likely that this group of isopods learned to walk before they could swim.
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Abstract
Various methods of management of locally advanced breast cancer have been proposed, including combinations of chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and hormone manipulation. This retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness of chemotherapy in the management of locally advanced breast cancer in pre- and perimenopausal women by examining the pathology of the mastectomy specimens. Sixteen women who on initial clinical examination had breast cancers measuring 5 cm or greater underwent chemotherapy prior to surgery. Four women were also treated with radiotherapy prior to surgery. All 16 women underwent mastectomy and axillary clearance. All specimens showed residual tumour in the mastectomy specimen or the regional lymph nodes. Chemotherapy is useful in reducing tumour burden to allow surgical resection, but does not produce centripetal shrinkage of tumour, nor sterilize the breast of cancer. In this small series, the addition of radiotherapy also failed to clear the patient of tumour. Wide surgical excision including the original tumour margins is thus required to achieve locoregional control. Until chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens can be proved to sterilize the breast of tumour, we caution against the use of any surgery less than total mastectomy if optimal local control is to be achieved for locally advanced breast cancer in pre- and perimenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Kent
- Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia
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Laurance S, Marshall N. Babies past and present: a social history of infancy. Prof Care Mother Child 1994; 4:62-5. [PMID: 8688610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Marshall N. A successful career is worth the sacrifices. J Pract Nurs 1992; 42:44. [PMID: 1469660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Abstract
Concern about side-effects of theophylline prompted us to investigate whether this drug could be eliminated from the multi-medication regimen of severe asthmatics. We studied patients with a demonstrated requirement for systemic steroids who were taking most other available anti-asthma medications in an attempt to reduce systemic steroids while maintaining clinical stability. Five in-patients, 12-15 years old, completed a double-blind, cross-over trial of theophylline vs placebo. All were stable for 4 weeks prior to the study with normal spirometry and mildly elevated lung volumes. Regular medications consisted of long-acting theophylline with levels between 12 mcg/ml and 16 mcg/ml, and prednisone 10-30 mg on alternate days. In addition, they were all taking inhaled metaproterenol, cromolyn sodium, atropine sulphate, and beclomethasone dipropionate four times daily (qid). Patients received either theophylline or placebo during two drug periods. All other medications were unchanged. Parameters measured were symptom score, number of extra respiratory treatments (prn RTs), increase in steroid dosage, and daily spirometry. During the placebo period, all five patients required increased steroids, daily spirometry decreased and three patients developed severe exacerbations unrelated to viral infection. A marked increase in symptom score occurred within 48 hr of discontinuing theophylline in all. These findings emphasize that theophylline is beneficial in a subset of severe asthmatics who cannot be controlled with all other available bronchodilators, cromolyn, and inhaled and systemic steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brenner
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, CO 80206
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