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Sandoval I, Infante J, Torres O, Herrera-Ibatá D. Análisis filogenético del gen Spike del virus de la diarrea epidémica porcina en Colombia, 2014-2015. ARCH ZOOTEC 2022. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v71i273.5613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Se reportaron brotes de diarrea epidémica porcina en Colombia durante 2014-2015. En el presente análisis, se descargaron secuencias de nucleótidos completas del Genbank para el gen Spike de las cepas del virus de la diarrea epidémica porcina (PEDV) reportadas en Colombia. En el árbol filogenético basado en proteínas de espiga de PEDV, las cepas de Colombia se agruparon en los genotipos G2a y S-INDEL, las cepas mostraron alta homología (> 99,9%) con cepas de Estados Unidos (Colorado / 2013, OH851), como así como inserciones y deleciones en el dominio S1 del gen Spike presente tanto en cepas colombianas como en cepas de referencia. Se han identificado varias sustituciones de aminoácidos en los epítopos neutralizantes de las cepas colombianas en comparación con la cepa de referencia CV777. Estos estudios podrían ayudar a rastrear las posibles rutas de introducción del PEDV en Colombia, reconocer las relaciones filogenéticas de las cepas que circulan en el país e implementar estrategias de control y prevención.
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Garsow A, Mendez D, Torres O, Kowalcyk B. Evaluation of the impact of pre- and post-harvest maize handling practices on mycotoxin contamination on smallholder farms in Guatemala. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2021.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi including Aspergillus and Fusarium that commonly contaminate crops, such as maize, resulting in economic losses and food insecurity. Mycotoxins can contaminate crops during pre- and post-harvest stages. Consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated foods has been linked to a variety of negative health outcomes including liver cancer, stunting, and neural tube defects. In countries such as Guatemala where maize constitutes a major portion of the diet, mycotoxins can be a significant contributor to disease burden. This review describes maize pre- and post-harvest practices in Guatemala that can lead to the development of mycotoxins and subsequent exposure to humans and animals, current information gaps, and opportunities for future research. There are specific challenges to minimising fungal growth and subsequent mycotoxin production during storage of maize in Guatemala, including reducing moisture content, minimising pest damage, and controlling temperature. Research on maize-handling practices that are associated with the greatest mycotoxin exposure in Guatemala is needed to prioritise allocation of resources and reduce exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Garsow
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Rd, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - D. Mendez
- Department of Veterinary Preventative Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1920 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - O. Torres
- Laboratorio Diagnóstico Molecular, Guatemala City, 01015, Guatemala
- Centro De Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Guatemala City, 01015, Guatemala
| | - B. Kowalcyk
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Rd, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Rivera-Andrade A, Kroker-Lobos MF, Lazo M, Freedman ND, Smith JW, Torres O, McGlynn KA, Groopman JD, Guallar E, Ramirez-Zea M. High prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic risk factors in Guatemala: A population-based study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:191-200. [PMID: 30573307 PMCID: PMC6461713 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no data on the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in general population samples in Guatemala or in other Central American countries. The prevalence and distribution of NAFLD and its associated risk factors were evaluated in a population-based sample of adults in Guatemala. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 411 men and women 40 years of age or older residing in urban and rural areas of Guatemala. Metabolic outcomes included obesity, central obesity, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Liver disease outcomes included elevated liver enzymes, elevated Fatty Liver Index (FLI), and elevated FIB-4 score. RESULTS The overall prevalence of obesity, central obesity, diabetes, and MetS were 30.9, 74.3, 21.6, and 64.2%, respectively. The fully-adjusted prevalence ratios (95% CI) for obesity, central obesity, diabetes, and MetS comparing women to men were 2.83 (1.86-4.30), 1.72 (1.46-2.02), 1.18 (1.03-1.34), and 1.87 (1.53-2.29), respectively. The overall prevalence of elevated liver enzymes (ALT or AST), elevated FLI, and elevated FIB-4 scores were 38.4, 60.1, and 4.1%, respectively. The fully-adjusted prevalence ratios (95% CI) for elevated liver enzymes (either ALT or AST) and elevated FLI score comparing women to men were 2.99 (1.84-4.86) and 1.47 (1.18-1.84), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of metabolic abnormalities and liver outcomes in this general population study was very high. The prevalence of metabolic and liver abnormalities was particularly high among women, an observation that could explain the atypical 1:1 male to female ratio of liver cancer in Guatemala.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rivera-Andrade
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - M F Kroker-Lobos
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - M Lazo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - N D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - J W Smith
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - O Torres
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Molecular, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - K A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - J D Groopman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - E Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - M Ramirez-Zea
- INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
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Zoogman P, Liu X, Suleiman RM, Pennington WF, Flittner DE, Al-Saadi JA, Hilton BB, Nicks DK, Newchurch MJ, Carr JL, Janz SJ, Andraschko MR, Arola A, Baker BD, Canova BP, Chan Miller C, Cohen RC, Davis JE, Dussault ME, Edwards DP, Fishman J, Ghulam A, González Abad G, Grutter M, Herman JR, Houck J, Jacob DJ, Joiner J, Kerridge BJ, Kim J, Krotkov NA, Lamsal L, Li C, Lindfors A, Martin RV, McElroy CT, McLinden C, Natraj V, Neil DO, Nowlan CR, O'Sullivan EJ, Palmer PI, Pierce RB, Pippin MR, Saiz-Lopez A, Spurr RJD, Szykman JJ, Torres O, Veefkind JP, Veihelmann B, Wang H, Wang J, Chance K. Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO). J Quant Spectrosc Radiat Transf 2017; 186:17-39. [PMID: 32817995 PMCID: PMC7430511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
TEMPO was selected in 2012 by NASA as the first Earth Venture Instrument, for launch between 2018 and 2021. It will measure atmospheric pollution for greater North America from space using ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy. TEMPO observes from Mexico City, Cuba, and the Bahamas to the Canadian oil sands, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, hourly and at high spatial resolution (~2.1 km N/S×4.4 km E/W at 36.5°N, 100°W). TEMPO provides a tropospheric measurement suite that includes the key elements of tropospheric air pollution chemistry, as well as contributing to carbon cycle knowledge. Measurements are made hourly from geostationary (GEO) orbit, to capture the high variability present in the diurnal cycle of emissions and chemistry that are unobservable from current low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites that measure once per day. The small product spatial footprint resolves pollution sources at sub-urban scale. Together, this temporal and spatial resolution improves emission inventories, monitors population exposure, and enables effective emission-control strategies. TEMPO takes advantage of a commercial GEO host spacecraft to provide a modest cost mission that measures the spectra required to retrieve ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), formaldehyde (H2CO), glyoxal (C2H2O2), bromine monoxide (BrO), IO (iodine monoxide),water vapor, aerosols, cloud parameters, ultraviolet radiation, and foliage properties. TEMPO thus measures the major elements, directly or by proxy, in the tropospheric O3 chemistry cycle. Multi-spectral observations provide sensitivity to O3 in the lowermost troposphere, substantially reducing uncertainty in air quality predictions. TEMPO quantifies and tracks the evolution of aerosol loading. It provides these near-real-time air quality products that will be made publicly available. TEMPO will launch at a prime time to be the North American component of the global geostationary constellation of pollution monitoring together with the European Sentinel-4 (S4) and Korean Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zoogman
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | - X Liu
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S J Janz
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
| | | | - A Arola
- Finnish Meteorological Institute
| | | | | | | | - R C Cohen
- University of California at Berkeley
| | - J E Davis
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M Grutter
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
| | - J R Herman
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County
| | - J Houck
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | - J Joiner
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
| | | | | | | | - L Lamsal
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
- GESTAR, University Space Research Association
| | - C Li
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County
| | | | - R V Martin
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
- Dalhousie University
| | | | | | | | | | - C R Nowlan
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | | | - R B Pierce
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| | | | - A Saiz-Lopez
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Spain
| | | | | | - O Torres
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
| | | | | | - H Wang
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
| | | | - K Chance
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Navarro JL, Sanchez-Calzada A, Gastelum R, Delgado L, Torres O, Romano P, Monares E, Gilberto C, Franco J. Venoarterial carbon dioxide gradient utility as a criterion for blood transfusion at the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4798555 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Torres O, Delgado L, Monares E, Sanchez-Calzada A, Gastelum R, Navarro JL, Romano P, Franco J. Weaning indexes do not predict success with non invasive mechanical ventilation in extubation failure. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796588 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Infante J, Bernal Y, Acosta E, Gómez L, Torres O. Estudio preliminar de la diversidad genética de perros con fenotipo Poodle en Colombia usando microsatélites. ARCH ZOOTEC 2015. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v64i247.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la variabilidad genética de una muestra poblacional de perros con fenotipo Poodle en Bogotá - Colombia. La variabilidad genética de 81 perros con fenotipo Poodle se estudió mediante el genotipado de cinco loci de microsatélites. La heterocigosidad esperada (HE) para los loci: AHTK253, CXX279, INU030, INU055 y REN162C04 fue de 0,747, 0,788, 0,767, 0,679 y 0,751, respectivamente. La HE para el conjunto de la población fue de 0,746. La población de Poodles analizada tuvo una alta diversidad genética y se encontró que no existe una subestructuración poblacional, hecho que desvía el equilibrio HW; con lo que demuestra que la población de Poodle colombiana sea una perfecta candidata para estudios de asociación genética, y de conservación de la biodiversidad de los animales domésticos.
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Torres O, Matute J, Gelineau-van Waes J, Maddox J, Gregory S, Ashley-Koch A, Showker J, Voss K, Riley R. Human health implications from co-exposure to aflatoxins and fumonisins in maize-based foods in Latin America: Guatemala as a case study. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2014.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Co-occurrence of fumonisin B1 (FB1) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in maize has been demonstrated in many surveys. Combined-exposure to FB1 and AFB1 was of concern to the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives because of the known genotoxicity of AFB1 and the ability of FB1 to induce regenerative proliferation in target tissues. Humans living where maize is a dietary staple are at high risk for exposure to both mycotoxins. Our work has focused on Guatemala, a country in Central America where maize is consumed in large amounts every day and where intake of FB1 has been shown to be potentially quite high using biomarker-based studies. In 2012 a survey was conducted which analysed maize samples for FB1 and AFB1 from all 22 departments of Guatemala. The results show that the levels of AFB1 exposure are also potentially quite high in Guatemala, and likely throughout Central America and Mexico. The implications of co-exposure for human health are numerous, but one area of particular concern is the potential of FB1 to modulate AFB1 hepatoxicity and/or hepatocarcinogenicity. Both the mechanism of action of FB1 and its ability to promote liver carcinogenicity in rats and rainbow trout is consistent with this concern. In farm and laboratory animals FB1 inhibits ceramide synthases, key enzymes in de novo ceramide biosynthesis. The inhibition of sphingolipid signalling pathways mediating programmed cell death and activation of pathways stimulating cell proliferation in livers of individuals exposed to AFB1 could contribute to the tumorigenicity of AFB1. Studies investigating the health effects of either toxin should consider the potential for co-exposure to both toxins. Also, in countries where maize-based food are prepared by alkaline treatment of the maize kernels, the effect of traditional processing on AFB1 levels and toxicity needs to be determined, especially for maize highly contaminated with AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Torres
- Edificio Multimédica Oficina 1009, Laboratorio Diagnóstico Molecular S.A., 2a. calle 25-19 zona 15, 01015 Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - J. Matute
- Centro de Investigaciones en Nutrición y Salud, 2 Calle 20-92 zona 11, 01011 Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - J. Gelineau-van Waes
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - J.R. Maddox
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - S.G. Gregory
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - A.E. Ashley-Koch
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - J.L. Showker
- USDA-ARS, Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, R.B. Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - K.A. Voss
- USDA-ARS, Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, R.B. Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - R.T. Riley
- USDA-ARS, Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, R.B. Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA
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Sanchez-Calzada A, Navarro JL, Delgado L, Torres O, Torres A, Gastelum R, Romano P, Monares E, Galindo C, Camarena G, Aguirre J, Franco J. MEAN PLATELET VOLUME AS A MARKER OF SEPSIS IN PATIENTS ADMITTED TO INTENSIVE THERAPY. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4797862 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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10
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Trinks J, Hulaniuk ML, Caputo M, Pratx LB, Ré V, Fortuny L, Pontoriero A, Frías A, Torres O, Nuñez F, Gadano A, Corach D, Flichman D. Distribution of genetic polymorphisms associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) antiviral response in a multiethnic and admixed population. Pharmacogenomics J 2014; 14:549-54. [PMID: 24841973 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2014.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of genetic polymorphisms identified as predictors of therapeutic-induced hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance differs among ethnic groups. However, there is a paucity of information about their prevalence in South American populations, whose genetic background is highly admixed. Hence, single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs12979860, rs1127354 and rs7270101 were characterized in 1350 healthy individuals, and ethnicity was assessed in 259 randomly selected samples. The frequency of rs12979860CC, associated to HCV treatment response, and rs1127354nonCC, related to protection against hemolytic anemia, were significantly higher among individuals with maternal and paternal Non-native American haplogroups (64.5% and 24.2%), intermediate among admixed samples (44.1% and 20.4%) and the lowest for individuals with Native American ancestry (30.4% and 6.5%). This is the first systematic study focused on analyzing HCV predictors of antiviral response and ethnicity in South American populations. The characterization of these variants is critical to evaluate the risk-benefit of antiviral treatment according to the patient ancestry in admixed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Trinks
- 1] Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Experimental (ICBME), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M L Hulaniuk
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Experimental (ICBME), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Caputo
- 1] Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Burgos Pratx
- Servicio de Medicina Transfusional, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V Ré
- 1] Instituto de Virología Dr José María Vanella, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina [2] National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Fortuny
- Servicio de Medicina Transfusional, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Pontoriero
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Experimental (ICBME), Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Frías
- Servicio de Medicina Transfusional, Hospital Materno Infantil 'Ramón Sardá', Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - O Torres
- Servicio de Medicina Transfusional, Hospital Materno Infantil 'Ramón Sardá', Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Nuñez
- Servicio de Medicina Transfusional, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Gadano
- Servicio de Hepatología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Corach
- 1] Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Flichman
- 1] Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Prim N, López G, Domínguez N, Torres O, Pomar V, Sánchez-Reus F. Disseminated Penicillium marneffei infection in an HIV infected patient returning from Vietnam. Rev Clin Esp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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van der Westhuizen L, Shephard G, Gelderblom W, Torres O, Riley R. Fumonisin biomarkers in maize eaters and implications for human disease. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2013. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2013.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Maize is the predominant food source contaminated by fumonisins and this has particular health risks for communities consuming maize as a staple diet. The main biochemical effect of fumonisins is the inhibition of ceramide biosynthesis causing an increase in sphingoid bases and sphingoid base 1-phosphates and a depletion of the complex sphingolipids, thereby disrupting lipid metabolism and sphingolipid-mediated processes and signalling systems. Attempts to use the elevation of sphinganine as a human biomarker of fumonisin exposure have to date been unsuccessful. Consequently, recent research has focussed on developing a urinary exposure biomarker based on the measurement of the nonmetabolised toxin. In animals, fumonisins are poorly absorbed in the gut and are mostly excreted unmetabolised in faeces, with only a small percentage (0.25-2.0%) in urine. This appears to also be true in humans were fumonisin B1 (FB1) is detectable in urine soon after exposure, but in very small amounts relative to total intake. However, with modern sensitive and selective analytical methods such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, these low levels can be readily determined. The first study to show a positive correlation between consumption of maize and urinary FB1 was conducted in a Mexican population consuming tortillas as a staple food. Further validation of this relationship was achieved in a South African subsistence farming community with a positive correlation between urinary FB1 and fumonisin exposure, as assessed by food analysis and food intake data. The most recent developments are aimed at measuring multiple mycotoxin biomarkers in urine, including FB1. Current exposure studies in Guatemala are combining the urinary biomarker with measurement of sphinganine-1-phosphate in blood spots as a measure of biochemical effect. Thus, the urinary FB1 biomarker could contribute considerably in assessing the adverse health impact of fumonisin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G.S. Shephard
- PROMEC Unit, Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 19070, 7505 Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - W.C.A. Gelderblom
- PROMEC Unit, Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 19070, 7505 Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
| | - O. Torres
- Centro de Investigaciones en Nutrición y Salud, Laboratorio Diagnóstico Molecular, S.A., 2a. calle 25-19 zona 15 VHI, 01015 Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - R.T. Riley
- USDA-ARS, Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, R.B. Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Rd, Athens, GA 30605, USA
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Bhartia PK, Herman J, McPeters RD, Torres O. Effect of Mount Pinatubo aerosols on total ozone measurements from backscatter ultraviolet (BUV) experiments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd01739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Großmann C, Cramer A, Torres O, Kranzfelder D. Akzeptanz der Tumorkonferenzentscheidung - eine retrospektive Analyse. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1318528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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15
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Amaya MP, Criado L, Blanco B, Gómez M, Torres O, Flórez L, González CI, Flórez O. Polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and the risk for acute suppurative or chronic nonsuppurative apical periodontitis in a Colombian population. Int Endod J 2012; 46:71-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Amaya
- Postgrado de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Santo Tomas; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - L. Criado
- Grupo de Inmunología y Epidemiología Molecular, GIEM; Facultad de Salud; Universidad Industrial de Santander; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - B. Blanco
- Postgrado de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Santo Tomas; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - M. Gómez
- Postgrado de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Santo Tomas; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - O. Torres
- Postgrado de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Santo Tomas; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - L. Flórez
- Postgrado de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Santo Tomas; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - C. I. González
- Grupo de Inmunología y Epidemiología Molecular, GIEM; Facultad de Salud; Universidad Industrial de Santander; Bucaramanga; Colombia
| | - O. Flórez
- Grupo de Inmunología y Epidemiología Molecular, GIEM; Facultad de Salud; Universidad Industrial de Santander; Bucaramanga; Colombia
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Cramer A, Großmann C, Torres O, Kranzfelder D. Mamillenhofpigmentierung und Nipple-Rekonstruktion nach Mammakarzinom am Brustzentrum Main-Tauber. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1318532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Torres O. La santé au travail des travailleurs non salariés : présentation de l’expérimentation Amarok. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2012.03.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dávila SG, Campo JL, Gil MG, Prieto MT, Torres O. Effects of auditory and physical enrichment on 3 measurements of fear and stress (tonic immobility duration, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, and fluctuating asymmetry) in several breeds of layer chicks. Poult Sci 2011; 90:2459-66. [PMID: 22010229 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of auditory enrichment (by means of classical music) or physical enrichment (by means of hanging colored string bunches and barley grains on the floor) on tonic immobility duration, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in chicks of several layer breeds. In experiment 1, 192 chicks from 8 Spanish breeds and 1 White Leghorn population were reared in cages with or without music auditory enrichment until 8 wk of age. The effect of music auditory enrichment was significant for heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.05). The ratios were higher in chicks reared without music than in those reared with music, suggesting that auditory enrichment from classical music reduces stress in chicks. There were significant differences in morphological trait measurements (relative asymmetry of wing length, leg width, and combined asymmetry; P < 0.05), being greater in chicks reared without music. This result suggests that FA is a good indicator for stress level in chicks, given that it follows the same trend as that found for heterophil to lymphocyte ratio. There was a significant treatment by breed interaction (P < 0.05) for tonic immobility duration, indicating no consistent effect by auditory enrichment on tonic immobility duration across breeds. In experiment 2, 180 chicks from 3 Spanish breeds were housed in pens with or without physical enrichment (colored plastic string bunches and barley grains on the floor) until 6 wk of age. The effect of physical enrichment on tonic immobility duration, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, and FA was not significant, indicating no effect on fear and stress in layer chicks. In conclusion, auditory enrichment by means of classical music is a reliable method for reducing stress levels in several breeds of layer chicks. However, music auditory enrichment was not effective in reducing fearfulness in any of the layer breeds. Physical enrichment by means of colored plastic string bunches and floor barley grains does not appear to be an effective method for reducing stress and fear in layer chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Dávila
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain.
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Pando M, Gómez-Carrillo M, Vignoles M, Rubio A, dos Ramos Farias M, Vila M, Rossi D, Ralón G, Marone R, Reynaga E, Sosa J, Torres O, Maestri M, Ávila M, Salomón H. Incidence of HIV type 1 infection, antiretroviral drug resistance, and molecular characterization in newly diagnosed individuals in Argentina: A Global Fund Project. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2011; 27:17-23. [PMID: 20860532 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2010.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An HIV incidence estimation was performed among men who have sex with men (MSM), drug users (DUs), sex workers (SWs), and pregnant women (PW) from Argentina. Volunteers older than 18 years old without a previous HIV-positive diagnosis were included. HIV-positive samples were analyzed by the Serological Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS) to estimate incidence. By partial RT-PCR and sequencing of the HIV pol gene, an HIV subtype and resistance profile were determined. A total of 12,192 volunteers were recruited from October 2006 to September 2008. A higher HIV prevalence was detected among trans SWs (33.9%, 38/112), male SWs (10.8%, 12/111), and MSM 10.4% (161/1549). HIV incidence estimates by STARHS was also higher on trans SWs (11.31 per 100 person-years), male SWs (6.06 per 100 person-years), and MSM (6.36 per 100 person-years). Antiretroviral primary resistant mutations were detected in 8.4% of the study group, with a higher frequency in female DUs (33.3%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that 124 (57.9%) samples were subtype B, 84 (39.3%) intersubtype BF recombinants, 5 (2.3%) subtype C, and 1 (0.5%) subtype F in the pol region. Subtype B was most commonly found in MSM and male SWs whereas the intersubtype BF recombinant was more prevalent in female DUs, female SWs, and PW. Given the high HIV prevalence and incidence found in most of these groups, monitoring the continuing spread of the HIV epidemic is essential for determining public health priorities, assessing the impact of interventions, and estimating current and future health care needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.A. Pando
- Centro Nacional de Referencia para el SIDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. Gómez-Carrillo
- Centro Nacional de Referencia para el SIDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. Vignoles
- Centro Nacional de Referencia para el SIDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A.E. Rubio
- Centro Nacional de Referencia para el SIDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M.S. dos Ramos Farias
- Centro Nacional de Referencia para el SIDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. Vila
- Intercambios Asociación Civil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D. Rossi
- Intercambios Asociación Civil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G. Ralón
- Intercambios Asociación Civil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R. Marone
- Nexo Asociación Civil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E. Reynaga
- AMMAR, Asociación de Mujeres Meretrices de Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J. Sosa
- AMMAR, Asociación de Mujeres Meretrices de Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - O. Torres
- Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. Maestri
- Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M.M. Ávila
- Centro Nacional de Referencia para el SIDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H. Salomón
- Centro Nacional de Referencia para el SIDA, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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García P, Genes C, Molano P, Torres O, Saez J, Triana O. Evaluation of the trypanocidal, cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of styrylquinoline analogs. J Chemother 2010; 22:169-74. [PMID: 20566421 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2010.22.3.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Styrylquinolines isolated from Galipea longiflora have shown leishmanicidal, trypanocidal, nematocidal and antimalarial activity. Here, we propose to use analogs of these styrylquinolines to enhance the activity against Trypanosoma cruzi. Three compounds in a reduced and oxidized state were synthesized, and the activity against epimastigotes and trypomastigotes was evaluated. in addition, the cytotoxic activity and genotoxic effect were also determined. The results indicated that epimastigotes from different T. cruzi I stocks were highly sensitive to the three compounds. The PQM4 compound presented promising activity against trypomastigotes and low cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. Finally, we observed that the doublebond reduction of the lateral chain of the three carbons made on these compounds improved the activity and substantially diminished the toxicity of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- P García
- Grupo Biologia y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
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DeSouza-Machado SG, Strow LL, Imbiriba B, McCann K, Hoff RM, Hannon SE, Martins JV, Tanré D, Deuzé JL, Ducos F, Torres O. Infrared retrievals of dust using AIRS: Comparisons of optical depths and heights derived for a North African dust storm to other collocated EOS A-Train and surface observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Palomino-Morales R, Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Vazquez-Rodriguez TR, Torres O, Miranda-Filloy JA, Llorca J, Martin J, Gonzalez-Gay MA. Lack of association between macrophage migration inhibitory factor-173 gene polymorphism with disease susceptibility and cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis patients from northwestern Spain. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2010; 28:68-72. [PMID: 20346241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess whether the polymorphism of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene at the position -173 is implicated in the disease susceptibility, risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). PATIENTS AND METHODS A series of 293 unselected patients fulfilling the 1987 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for RA seen at the rheumatology outpatient clinic of Hospital Xeral-Calde, Lugo, Spain and 526 matched controls were studied for differences in the MIF-173 G/C gene biallelic polymorphism. A total of 182 consecutive patients that had been periodically followed between March 1996 and September 1996 until patient's death or January 1, 2008 were assessed for the presence of CV events. Moreover, between March and December 2007, a subgroup of unselected RA patients with no history of CV events was studied for the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis by the assessment of the endothelial function (n=107) and the carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) (n=91) by ultrasonography studies. Patients and controls were genotyped for the MIF-173 G/C gene polymorphism using a PCR system with pre-developed TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. RESULTS No significant differences in allele or genotype frequencies for the MIF-173 gene polymorphism between RA patients and controls were found. Forty-four of the 182 patients followed between 1996 and January 2008 experienced CV events. Although the frequency of MIF-173 GG homozygous was increased in those who had CV events (88.6%) compared to those who did not suffer these complication (73.2%), the difference was not statistically significant. It was also the case when we analyzed the potential influence of MIF-173 genotypes in the presence of endothelial dysfunction or increased carotid IMT of patients with RA. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not show that MIF-173 gene polymorphism may infer a direct risk for disease susceptibility or CV disease in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Palomino-Morales
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina, López Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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Hatzianastassiou N, Gkikas A, Mihalopoulos N, Torres O, Katsoulis BD. Natural versus anthropogenic aerosols in the eastern Mediterranean basin derived from multiyear TOMS and MODIS satellite data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd011982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pando M, Carrillo MG, Vila M, Rossi D, Ralón G, Vignoles M, Rubio AE, Marone R, Reynaga E, Sosa J, Torres O, Maestri M, Avila MM, Salomón H. P20-07. HIV incidence and molecular characterization of new diagnoses in Argentina. A global fund project. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767889 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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25
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Satheesh SK, Torres O, Remer LA, Babu SS, Vinoj V, Eck TF, Kleidman RG, Holben BN. Improved assessment of aerosol absorption using OMI-MODIS joint retrieval. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Curier RL, Veefkind JP, Braak R, Veihelmann B, Torres O, de Leeuw G. Retrieval of aerosol optical properties from OMI radiances using a multiwavelength algorithm: Application to western Europe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Rueda B, Broen J, Torres O, Simeon C, Ortego-Centeno N, Schrijvenaars MMVAP, Vonk MC, Fonollosa V, van den Hoogen FHJ, Coenen MJH, Sanchez-Román J, Aguirre-Zamorano MA, García-Portales R, Pros A, Camps MT, Gonzalez-Gay MA, Martin J, Radstake TRDJ. The interleukin 23 receptor gene does not confer risk to systemic sclerosis and is not associated with systemic sclerosis disease phenotype. Ann Rheum Dis 2008; 68:253-6. [DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.096719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives:Multiple studies indicate the role of the interleukin (IL)-17/IL-23 axis in autoimmune diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of the current study was to investigate the possible implication of the IL23R gene in SSc susceptibility and/or clinical phenotype.Methods:An initial case–control study in 143 Dutch patients with SSc and geographically matched healthy individuals (n = 246) was carried out and followed by a replication study in a cohort of 365 Spanish patients with SSc and 515 healthy individuals. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the IL23R gene were selected and genotyped using a Taqman assay.Results:Using a Dutch cohort of patients with SSc and controls we observed an association between two (rs11209032, rs1495965) of the seven tested SNPs and disease susceptibility (allelic p values: p = 0.02 and p = 0.01 respectively). However, a replication study in an independent Spanish cohort did not confirm these findings and reveal no association of any of the IL23R-tested SNP with disease susceptibility or clinical phenotype. Similarly, a meta-analysis considering both populations did not reveal any significant association. In addition, no association was observed between IL23R genetic variants and SSc clinical phenotypes.Conclusions:Our results suggest that the IL23R gene is not associated with SSc susceptibility or clinical phenotype.
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Fromm M, Torres O, Diner D, Lindsey D, Vant Hull B, Servranckx R, Shettle EP, Li Z. Stratospheric impact of the Chisholm pyrocumulonimbus eruption: 1. Earth-viewing satellite perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pozner R, Pacienza N, Negrotto S, D'Atri L, Ure A, Torres O, Romanowski V, Schattner M, Gomez R. IMPAIRED THROMBOPOIESIS AFTER STEM CELL INFECTION WITH JUNIN VIRUS. J Thromb Haemost 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.tb00400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pocaterra L, Jain S, Reddy R, Muzaffarullah S, Torres O, Suneetha S, Lockwood DNJ. Clinical course of erythema nodosum leprosum: an 11-year cohort study in Hyderabad, India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006; 74:868-79. [PMID: 16687695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) or type 2 lepra reactions complicate lepromatous leprosy and borderline lepromatous leprosy. We report an 11-year retrospective case record analysis of 481 outpatients with borderline lepromatous and lepromatous leprosy at the Dhoolpet Leprosy Research Center in Hyderabad, India.. The overall prevalence of ENL was 24%, 49.4% among cases of lepromatous leprosy (LL) and 9% among cases of borderline lepromatous (BL) leprosy. Logistic regression analysis identified LL (odds ratio [OR] = 8.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.6-15.4, P < 0.001) and BL with a bacterial index > or = 4+ (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 2.1-12.9, P = 0.001) as major risk factors. The average patient with ENL was male, 34.7 years of age, and had multiple episodes of ENL (mean = 3.1) over an 18.5-month period. Three types of ENL were identified: single acute ENL, multiple acute ENL (repeated discrete episodes), and chronic ENL (continuous episodes). Acute single ENL is rare, accounting for only 8% of cases. Chronic ENL accounted for 62.5% of the cohort. Chronic ENL was of longer duration and more severe. An age > or = 35 years was a risk factor for developing chronic ENL. Patients with chronic ENL were more compliant with multi-drug therapy, especially during the first six doses of multi-drug therapy. Distinguishing these different types of ENL would be useful for patient management and developing improved treatment of these debilitating reactions. Improved strategies for treatment and management of these reactions need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Pocaterra
- Clinical Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The most common postoperative complications of total gastrectomy are esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage and subphrenic abscess. These complications are a cause of morbidity and mortality, relaparotomy, and longer postoperative stay. The use of abdominal drains is useful for the early diagnosis and management of anastomotic leaks. The aim of this study was to analyze our experience with total gastrectomy for gastric cancer in patients with and without abdominal drains, and to evaluate the results regarding postoperative morbidity, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative days for oral intake, relaparotomy and mortality. This prospective and randomized study examines the results in 60 consecutive patients (43 males and 17 females) with gastric cancer who underwent total gastrectomy in the Regional Clinical Hospital of Concepción, Chile, between 2000 and 2003. Patients were divided into two groups: group I (without drains) and group II (two drains). We found 31 patients in group I and 29 patients in group II. The mean length of postoperative stay was 12.9 days in group I and 18.8 days in group II (p = 0.0242, s.). Morbidity was 9.7% in group I and 37.9% in group II (p = 0.0242, s.). Re-explorations were more frequent in group II (24.1%) versus group I (9.7%) (p = 0.1239, n.s.). Postoperative days for oral intake were 9.4 in group I and 12.8 in group II (p = 0.0514, n.s.) Mortality was 0% in group I and 3.4% in group II (p = 0.4833, n.s.). In our experience, morbidity and postoperative hospital stay were statistically higher in the group of patients with abdominal drains.
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Ruiz-Sáez A, Sifontes LN, Feijoo R, Certad G, Arenas-Pinto A, Pocaterra L, Ferrara G, Giménez R, Torres O, Goldstein C, Bosch N. Platelet dysfunction-eosinophilia syndrome in parasitized Venezuelan children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2005; 73:381-5. [PMID: 16103609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet dysfunction was detected in six children with purpura and eosinophilia. We conducted clinical evaluations, hematologic and platelet function tests, clotting studies (bleeding time, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, factor XIII, factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor), assays for IgG and IgM antibodies to platelets, and a search for stool parasites. Mild bleeding phenomena (ecchymoses, petechiae, epistaxis, and gingival) were transient. All children showed intestinal parasites and marked eosinophilia (mean count = 2,615.2 cells/muL, 95% confidence interval = 1,259.6-5,429.8). Main abnormalities included prolonged bleeding times (50%) and defective aggregation with collagen (100%) adrenaline (66%), or ADP (66%). Antibodies to platelets were not detected. Anti-parasite therapy reversed the hemorrhagic manifestations and normalized eosinophil counts and platelet alterations. No relationship could be established between excess eosinophils, intensity of bleeding, or type and degree of platelet abnormalities. Thrombocytopathic features mimicked the intrinsic defect of storage pool disease. The possible pathogenic roles of eosinophilia and parasitism are reviewed. This is the first report of this pathologic combination in Latin American children.
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Crombet Ramos T, Figueredo J, Catala M, Gonzalez S, Selva JC, Toledo C, Torres O, Perez R, Lage A. Treatment of high-grade astrocytic tumors with the humanized anti-EGF-R antibody h-R3 and radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Crombet Ramos
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
| | - J. Figueredo
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
| | - M. Catala
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
| | - S. Gonzalez
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
| | - J. C. Selva
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
| | - C. Toledo
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
| | - O. Torres
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
| | - R. Perez
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
| | - A. Lage
- Ctr of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba; CIMEQ Hosp, Havana, Cuba
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Torres O. Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer measurements of aerosol absorption from space: Comparison to SAFARI 2000 ground-based observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Crombet T, Figueredo J, Catalá M, González S, Selva J, Toledo C, Torres O, Pérez R, Lage A. 282 Use of the humanized anti-EGFR antibody h-R3 and radiotherapy for the treatment of patients with high-grade astrocytic tumors. EJC Suppl 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(04)80290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Negredo E, Paredes R, Peraire J, Pedrol E, Côté H, Gel S, Fumaz CR, Ruiz L, Abril V, de Castro ER, Ochoa C, Martinez-Picado J, Montaner J, Rey-Joly C, Clotet B, Clotet B, Ruiz L, Martinez-Picado J, Gel S, Fumaz CR, Muñoz-Moreno JA, Bonjoch A, Martínez JC, Miranda J, Puig J, Arisa ER, Tuldrà A, Bonjoch A, Jou A, Tural C, Sirera G, Romeu J, Negredo E, Zala C, Ochoa C, Cahn P, Torres O, Domingo P, Vilaró J, Llibre JM, Peraire J, Vidal F, Richart C, Viladés C, Martín L, Rodríguez R, Mata R, Viciana P, Abril V, Rubio R, Torralba M, Cervantes M, Gatell JM, Lonca M, Ruiz I, Azuaje C, Pedrol E, Rodríguez de Castro E. Alternation of Antiretroviral Drug Regimens for HIV Infection. Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability at Week 96 of the Swatch Study. Antivir Ther 2004. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350400900602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Alternation of antiretroviral drug regimens has been proposed as a novel treatment strategy for HIV infection. However, some concerns persist regarding antiviral efficacy, adherence, toxicity and resistance evolution in the long term. Methods A total of 161 antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients were randomized to receive stavudine/ didanosine/efavirenz (group A) or zidovudine/lamivudine/ nelfinavir (group B) or to alternate between the two regimens every 3 months starting with regimen A (group C). Antiviral efficacy, adherence, safety and tolerability were analysed every 12 weeks. Results After 96 weeks, time to virological failure was significantly delayed in the alternating regimen compared with the standards of care regimens. Virological suppression was seen in 46%, 48% and 58% of patients in groups A, B and C, respectively, in the intention-to-treat analysis and in 75%, 76% and 97% in the on-treatment analysis (A vs C: P=0.014; B vs C: P=0.016; A vs B: P=0.849). At the end of the study, 94% of patients in group A and 92% in groups B and C reported an adherence greater than 95%. Alternating therapy was associated with a similar impact on CD4+ counts in comparison with the standards of care regimens, as well as a lower mitochondrial DNA/nuclear DNA (mtDNA/nDNA) ratio decrease in the mitochondrial substudy performed on 37 patients. The frequency and intensity of adverse events in the alternating group decreased during subsequent cycles. Discussion Our results favour the hypothesis that proactive therapy switching may delay the accumulation of resistance mutations. Moreover, the alternating regimen was well tolerated and adherence remained comparably high in all treatment groups. The lower mtDNA/nDNA ratio decrease observed in this group may imply a lower impact on mitochondrial toxicity than in standard regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eugenia Negredo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Lluita contra la SIDA and IrsiCaixa Foundations, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Paredes
- Department of Internal Medicine and Lluita contra la SIDA and IrsiCaixa Foundations, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Helene Côté
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Silvia Gel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Lluita contra la SIDA and IrsiCaixa Foundations, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmina R Fumaz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Lluita contra la SIDA and IrsiCaixa Foundations, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Ruiz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Lluita contra la SIDA and IrsiCaixa Foundations, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- Department of Internal Medicine and Lluita contra la SIDA and IrsiCaixa Foundations, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Montaner
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Celestino Rey-Joly
- Department of Internal Medicine and Lluita contra la SIDA and IrsiCaixa Foundations, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Department of Internal Medicine and Lluita contra la SIDA and IrsiCaixa Foundations, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Clotet
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Ruiz
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - S Gel
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - CR Fumaz
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - A Bonjoch
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - JC Martínez
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Miranda
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Puig
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - ER Arisa
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Tuldrà
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Bonjoch
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Jou
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Tural
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Sirera
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Romeu
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Negredo
- Hosp Univ Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Zala
- Fundacion Huesped, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Ochoa
- Fundacion Huesped, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Cahn
- Fundacion Huesped, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - O Torres
- Hosp Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Domingo
- Hosp Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - F Vidal
- Hosp Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - R Mata
- Hosp Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - P Viciana
- Hosp Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - V Abril
- Hosp General Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Rubio
- Hosp 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - M Lonca
- Hosp Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Ruiz
- Hosp del Valle Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Azuaje
- Hosp del Valle Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Pedrol
- Hosp de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain
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Menuet A, Le Page Y, Torres O, Kern L, Kah O, Pakdel F. Analysis of the estrogen regulation of the zebrafish estrogen receptor (ER) reveals distinct effects of ERalpha, ERbeta1 and ERbeta2. J Mol Endocrinol 2004; 32:975-86. [PMID: 15171726 DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0320975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have previously cloned and characterized three estrogen receptors (ER) in the zebrafish (zfERalpha, zfERbeta1 and zfERbeta2). We have also shown that they are functional in vitro and exhibit a distinct expression pattern, although partially overlapping, in the brain of zebrafish. In this paper, we have shown that the hepatic expression of these zfER genes responds differently to estradiol (E2). In fact, a 48-h direct exposure of zebrafish to E2 resulted in a strong stimulation of zfERalpha gene expression while zfERbeta1 gene expression was markedly reduced and zfERbeta2 remained virtually unchanged. To establish the potential implication of each zfER in the E2 upregulation of the zfERalpha gene, the promoter region of this gene was isolated and characterized. Transfection experiments with promoter-luciferase reporter constructs together with different zfER expression vectors were carried out in different cell contexts. The data showed that in vivo E2 upregulation of the zfERalpha gene requires ERalpha itself and a conserved transcription unit sequence including at least an imperfect estrogen-responsive element (ERE) and an AP-1/ERE half site at the proximal transcription initiation site. Interestingly, although in the presence of E2 zfERalpha was the most potent at inducing the expression of its own gene, the effect of E2 mediated by zfERbeta2 represented 50% of the zfERalpha activity. In contrast, zfERbeta1 was unable to upregulate the zfERalpha gene whereas this receptor form was able to tightly bind E2 and activate a reporter plasmid containing a consensus ERE. Altogether, these results indicated that the two ERbeta forms recently characterized in teleost fish could have partially distinct and not redundant functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Menuet
- Endocrinologie Moléculaire de la Reproduction, UMR CNRS 6026, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
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Colarco PR, Schoeberl MR, Doddridge BG, Marufu LT, Torres O, Welton EJ. Transport of smoke from Canadian forest fires to the surface near Washington, D.C.: Injection height, entrainment, and optical properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. R. Colarco
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland USA
| | | | - B. G. Doddridge
- Department of Meteorology; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland USA
| | - L. T. Marufu
- Department of Meteorology; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland USA
| | - O. Torres
- Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology; University of Maryland Baltimore County; Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - E. J. Welton
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
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Schmid B, Redemann J, Russell PB, Hobbs PV, Hlavka DL, McGill MJ, Holben BN, Welton EJ, Campbell JR, Torres O, Kahn RA, Diner DJ, Helmlinger MC, Chu DA, Robles-Gonzalez C, de Leeuw G. Coordinated airborne, spaceborne, and ground-based measurements of massive thick aerosol layers during the dry season in southern Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Schmid
- Bay Area Environmental Research Institute; Sonoma California USA
| | - J. Redemann
- Bay Area Environmental Research Institute; Sonoma California USA
| | - P. B. Russell
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - P. V. Hobbs
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - D. L. Hlavka
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - M. J. McGill
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - B. N. Holben
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - E. J. Welton
- Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - J. R. Campbell
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - O. Torres
- Joint Center for Earth Systems; University of Maryland, Baltimore County; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - R. A. Kahn
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - D. J. Diner
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - M. C. Helmlinger
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - D. A. Chu
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | | | - G. de Leeuw
- TNO Physics and Electronics Laboratory; The Hague Netherlands
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Arango D, Cruts M, Torres O, Backhovens H, Serrano ML, Villareal E, Montañes P, Matallana D, Cano C, Van Broeckhoven C, Jacquier M. Systematic genetic study of Alzheimer disease in Latin America: mutation frequencies of the amyloid beta precursor protein and presenilin genes in Colombia. Am J Med Genet 2001; 103:138-43. [PMID: 11568920 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20011001)103:2<138::aid-ajmg1529>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nearly all mutations in the presenilin 1 (PSEN1), presenilin 2 (PSEN2), and amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) genes lead to early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD, onset age at or before 65 years). In order to assess the genetic contribution of these genes in a series of Colombian AD cases, we performed a systematic mutation analysis in 11 autosomal dominant, 23 familial, and 42 sporadic AD patients (34% with age of onset < or = 65 years). No APP missense mutations were identified. In three autosomal dominant cases (27.2%), two different PSEN1 missense mutations were identified. Both PSEN1 mutations are missense mutations that occurred in early-onset autosomal AD cases: an I143T mutation in one case (onset age 30 years) and an E280A mutation in two other cases (onset ages 35 and 42 years). In addition, a novel PSEN1 V94M mutation was present in one early-onset AD case without known family history (onset age 53 years) and absent in 53 controls. The E318G polymorphism was present in five AD cases and absent in controls. In PSEN2, two different silent mutations were detected, including one not reported elsewhere (P129). The majority of the Colombian AD cases, predominantly late-onset, were negative for PSEN and APP mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Arango
- Neuro-Sciences Group, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
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Pratdesaba RA, González M, Piedrasanta E, Mérida C, Contreras K, Vela C, Culajay F, Flores L, Torres O. Cyclospora cayetanensis in three populations at risk in Guatemala. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:2951-3. [PMID: 11474019 PMCID: PMC88266 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.8.2951-2953.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1996 and 1997, outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis in North America were linked to Guatemalan raspberries. From April 1999 to April 2000, we undertook a survey for C. cayetanensis in raspberry farm workers, malnourished children, and human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS patients in Guatemala. Stool samples were analyzed using ethylacetate-formalin concentration, wet preparation, modified acid-fast staining method, and epifluorescence. Oocysts were found in 1.5% of the subjects, none of whom were raspberry farm workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Pratdesaba
- Laboratorios de Microbiología y Virología, Instituto de Nutrición de Centro América y Panamá, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
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Abstract
Duration of tonic immobility and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (indices of fear and stress, respectively) were compared in hens having very poor or perfect plumage at 72 wk of age. Five Spanish breeds of chickens (Castellana, Andaluza, Vasca, Villafranquina, and Leonesa) were used. There were significant differences among groups in terms of tonic immobility duration and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.05). Very poorly feathered hens showed shorter tonic immobility (243.03+/-26.81 s) and higher leukocyte ratio (0.42+/-0.02) than did hens with a perfect plumage (322.32+/-26.81 s and 0.35+/-0.02, respectively). Differences were consistent across the breeds. Thus, hens with very poor plumage were less fearful and more stressed than hens with a perfect plumage. The results suggest that very poor plumage is associated with indicators of fearfulness and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Campo
- Departamento de Genética y Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain.
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Schattner M, Pozner RG, Engelberger I, Gorostizaga A, Maugeri N, Gomez R, Pasqualini A, Torres O, Lazzari MA. Effect of nitric oxide on megakaryocyte growth induced by thrombopoietin. J Lab Clin Med 2001; 137:261-9. [PMID: 11283520 DOI: 10.1067/mlc.2001.113659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on megakaryocyte (Mk) proliferation induced by thrombopoietin (TPO). Low-density mononuclear cells (MNCs) and CD34+ cells from human bone marrow (BM) were cultured in liquid medium in the presence of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or (Z)-1-[2-(aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl) amino] diazen-1-ium-1, 2-diolate (DETA/NO) and then stimulated with TPO. Mk number decreased in both NO donors, as identified by flow cytometry 11 to 13 days after TPO stimulation. Nitrite, cyanide, or the carrier molecule DETA failed to reproduce the inhibition caused by NO donors. When CD34+ cells were treated with DETA/NO, the inhibition of Mk growth was even more pronounced than that in MNCs. Failure of the guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) analog 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cGMP) to inhibit Mk proliferation suggests that cGMP is not involved in Mk suppression mediated by NO. On the other hand, DNA analysis by flow cytometry showed that apoptosis of CD34+ cells and Mks seemed to be at least one of the mechanisms associated with the cytotoxic DETA/NO effect. Stimulation of MNCs or CD34+ cells with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) increased endogenous NO levels and suppressed Mk growth. Treatment with NO synthesis inhibitors such as L -N(G)-monomethyl arginine (L -NMMA) or L -N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L -NAME) partially reversed Mk growth inhibition induced by TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, although increased NO levels returned to normal values. The results presented here strongly indicate that NO regulates the growth of Mks induced by TPO by a direct effect on both progenitors and mature Mks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schattner
- Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Hematological Research Institute, National Academy of Medicine, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Crombet T, Torres O, Rodríguez V, Menéndez A, Stevenson A, Ramos M, Torres F, Figueredo R, Veitía I, Iznaga N, Pérez R, Lage A. Phase I clinical evaluation of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor in advanced brain tumor patients: preliminary study. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2001; 20:131-6. [PMID: 11394532 DOI: 10.1089/02724570152057634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
High levels of growth factors and their receptors have been demonstrated in human tumors. Gliomas and meningiomas are characterized by overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R). Ior egf/r3, is a neutralizing murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) against EGF-R, and was generated at the Cuban Institute of Oncology. The antibody recognizes EGF-R with high affinity, inhibiting tyrosine kinase activation. A clinical trial was conducted in brain tumor patients to evaluate toxicity, immunogenicity, and clinical benefit of escalating doses of the antibody. Nine patients with histologically confirmed gliomas or meningiomas, who had active or recurrent disease after receiving conventional treatment, received four intravenous doses of ior egf/r3. Total dosages ranged from 160 to 480 mg. As inclusion criteria, radioimmunoscintigraphy with the same MAb labeled with 99mTechnetium (99mTc) was performed. Immune response against the murine antibody was also evaluated. After four doses of ior egf/r3 MAb, no significant toxicity was found, except in one patient who developed a grade 4 allergic adverse event. This reaction was probably related with previous sensitization to the same MAb and the development of human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) response. Despite no major objective antitumor responses, eight patients had stable disease on the 6-month evaluation, and two patients remain alive after four years of MAb therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Crombet
- Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba.
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Jacquier M, Arango D, Villareal E, Torres O, Serrano ML, Cruts M, Montañes P, Cano C, Rodriguez MN, Serneels S, Van Broeckhoven C. APOE epsilon4 and Alzheimer's disease: positive association in a Colombian clinical series and review of the Latin-American studies. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2001; 59:11-7. [PMID: 11299424 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x2001000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the strength of the association between the APOE epsilon4 allele and Alzheimer's disease (AD) varies across ethnic groups, we studied if there was such an association in Colombian patients. METHOD We performed apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping in a clinical sample of 83 unrelated AD patients, predominantly late-onset (>65 yrs) including familial ( n =30) and sporadic AD cases (n= 53) diagnosed according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria and assessed by a multi-disciplinary team. Control subjects (n = 44) had no significant cognitive impairment by medical interview and neuro-psychological testing. RESULTS We found a high association (OR= 5.1 95%CI 1.9 -13.6) between APOE epsilon4 and AD, in this series with predominantly late-onset cases with familial aggregation in 24 cases (28.9%). A significant negative association was found between epsilon2 and AD (OR= 0.2 95% CI 0.05-0.75). CONCLUSION Further population-based surveys in Colombia are warranted to precise a possible dose effect of APOE epsilon4.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jacquier
- Group of Chronic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Crombet T, Torres O, Neninger E, Catalá M, Rodríguez N, Ramos M, Fernández E, Iznaga N, Pérez R, Lage A. Phase I clinical evaluation of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2001; 16:93-102. [PMID: 11279803 DOI: 10.1089/108497801750096122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ior egf/r3, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) was generated at the Cuban Institute of Oncology. Immunoscintigraphic studies in 148 patients with this 99-m Technetium (99Tc) labeled mAb, showed a high sensitivity and specificity for in vivo detection of epithelial tumors. To study safety, pharmacokinetic and immunogenicity of ior egf/r3 at high doses, a phase I clinical trial was conducted. Nineteen patients with advanced epithelial tumors received 4 mAb intravenous infusions at 6 dose levels: from 50 to 500 mg. Previously, immunoscintigraphic images using the same mAb labeled with 99Tc were acquired. Blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analysis and HAMA response. After mAb therapy, objective response was classified according to WHO criteria. Ior egf/r3 was well tolerated in spite of the high-administered doses. Only a severe adverse reaction consisting of hypotension and lethargy was observed. In 13 patients, selective accumulation of 99Tc-labeled mAb was observed at the site of the primary tumor or the metastasis. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that elimination half-life and the area under the time-concentration curve increased linearly with dose. HAMA response was detected in 17 patients. After 6 months of mAb therapy, 4 patients had stable disease. One patient had a tumor partial remission after 3 cycles of ior egf/r3.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Crombet
- Center of Molecular Immunology, Clinical Immunology Division, P.O. Box 16040, Havana 11600, Cuba.
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Kersulyte D, Mukhopadhyay AK, Velapatiño B, Su W, Pan Z, Garcia C, Hernandez V, Valdez Y, Mistry RS, Gilman RH, Yuan Y, Gao H, Alarcón T, López-Brea M, Balakrish Nair G, Chowdhury A, Datta S, Shirai M, Nakazawa T, Ally R, Segal I, Wong BC, Lam SK, Olfat FO, Borén T, Engstrand L, Torres O, Schneider R, Thomas JE, Czinn S, Berg DE. Differences in genotypes of Helicobacter pylori from different human populations. J Bacteriol 2000; 182:3210-8. [PMID: 10809702 PMCID: PMC94509 DOI: 10.1128/jb.182.11.3210-3218.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA motifs at several informative loci in more than 500 strains of Helicobacter pylori from five continents were studied by PCR and sequencing to gain insights into the evolution of this gastric pathogen. Five types of deletion, insertion, and substitution motifs were found at the right end of the H. pylori cag pathogenicity island. Of the three most common motifs, type I predominated in Spaniards, native Peruvians, and Guatemalan Ladinos (mixed Amerindian-European ancestry) and also in native Africans and U.S. residents; type II predominated among Japanese and Chinese; and type III predominated in Indians from Calcutta. Sequences in the cagA gene and in vacAm1 type alleles of the vacuolating cytotoxin gene (vacA) of strains from native Peruvians were also more like those from Spaniards than those from Asians. These indications of relatedness of Latin American and Spanish strains, despite the closer genetic relatedness of Amerindian and Asian people themselves, lead us to suggest that H. pylori may have been brought to the New World by European conquerors and colonists about 500 years ago. This thinking, in turn, suggests that H. pylori infection might have become widespread in people quite recently in human evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kersulyte
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Torres O, Bhartia PK. Impact of tropospheric aerosol absorption on ozone retrieval from backscattered ultraviolet measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Quiñonez JM, Chew F, Torres O, Bégué RE. Nutritional status of Helicobacter pylori-infected children in Guatemala as compared with uninfected peers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 61:395-8. [PMID: 10497978 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on the nutritional status of children in a developing country was studied using a cross-sectional design. Children attending an all-girl public school in inner Guatemala City, Guatemala were evaluated to acquire sociodemographic information and anthropometric nutritional parameters (weight-for-height [WFH] and height-for-age [HFA]), and detect H. pylori-specific serum IgG antibodies. Of 211 children 5-10 years of age, 107 (51%) were infected. The WFH values were not different between infected and uninfected subjects, and were not affected by the sociodemographic variables. The HFA values decreased significantly with age (P = 0.008), lower income (P = 0.04), and H. pylori infection (P = 0.05). When controlled for age and income level, the effect of infection on HFA became nonsignificant (P = 0.30). Helicobacter pylori appeared to have no effect on the nutritional status of the studied children; the differences detected were small and likely due to sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Quiñonez
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
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