1
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Oosting SF, van der Veldt AAM, Fehrmann RSN, Bhattacharya A, van Binnendijk RS, GeurtsvanKessel CH, Dingemans AMC, Smit EF, Hiltermann TJN, den Hartog G, Jalving M, Westphal TT, de Wilt F, Ernst SM, Boerma A, van Zijl L, Rimmelzwaan GF, Kvistborg P, van Els CACM, Rots NY, van Baarle D, Haanen JBAG, de Vries EGE. Factors associated with long-term antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination in patients treated with systemic treatment for solid tumors. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101599. [PMID: 37450950 PMCID: PMC10284446 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S F Oosting
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A A M van der Veldt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - R S N Fehrmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - R S van Binnendijk
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - C H GeurtsvanKessel
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A-M C Dingemans
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E F Smit
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - T J N Hiltermann
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - G den Hartog
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - M Jalving
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - T T Westphal
- The Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - F de Wilt
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S M Ernst
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Boerma
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - L van Zijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G F Rimmelzwaan
- Research Centre for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - P Kvistborg
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C A C M van Els
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - N Y Rots
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - D van Baarle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J B A G Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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2
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van der Veldt AAM, Oosting SF, Fehrmann RSN, GeurtsvanKessel CH, van Binnendijk RS, Dingemans AMC, Smit EF, Hiltermann TJN, Hartog GD, Jalving M, Westphal TT, Bhattacharya A, de Wilt F, Ernst SM, Boerma A, van Zijl L, Rimmelzwaan GF, Kvistborg P, van Els CACM, Rots NY, van Baarle D, Haanen JBAG, de Vries EGE. One-year data on immunogenicity and breakthrough infections in patients with solid tumors vaccinated against COVID-19 during systemic cancer treatment. ESMO Open 2023; 8:100785. [PMID: 36764094 PMCID: PMC9829609 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A A M van der Veldt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
| | - S F Oosting
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R S N Fehrmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - R S van Binnendijk
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - A-M C Dingemans
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - E F Smit
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - T J N Hiltermann
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - G den Hartog
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - M Jalving
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - T T Westphal
- Comprehensive Cancer Organization the Netherlands, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - A Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - F de Wilt
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - S M Ernst
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Boerma
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - L van Zijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - G F Rimmelzwaan
- Research Centre for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - P Kvistborg
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C A C M van Els
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - N Y Rots
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - D van Baarle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J B A G Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - E G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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3
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van den Hoek A, Sonder GJ, Scholing M, Gijselaar D, van Binnendijk RS. Two cases of mild IgM-negative measles in previously vaccinated adults, the Netherlands, April and July 2011. Euro Surveill 2011; 16:20028. [PMID: 22172302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe two cases of mild, modified measles in fully vaccinated adults in the Netherlands. The mildness of disease, the lack of an IgM antibody response, the relatively low amounts of virus detected and the fact that no additional cases were reported, suggests that these vaccinated patients were less contagious than unvaccinated patients.
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4
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van den Hoek A, Sonder GJ, Scholing M, Gijselaar DB, van Binnendijk RS. Two cases of mild IgM-negative measles in previously vaccinated adults, the Netherlands, April and July 2011. Euro Surveill 2011. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.16.48.20028-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe two cases of mild, modified measles in fully vaccinated adults in the Netherlands. The mildness of disease, the lack of an IgM antibody response, the relatively low amounts of virus detected and the fact that no additional cases were reported, suggests that these vaccinated patients were less contagious than unvaccinated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A van den Hoek
- Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Public Health Service Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G J Sonder
- Public Health Service Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Scholing
- Onze Lieve Vrouw Gasthuis, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Public Health Service Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - DB Gijselaar
- Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - R S van Binnendijk
- Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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5
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Wielders CC, van Binnendijk RS, Snijders BE, Tipples GA, Cremer J, Fanoy E, Dolman S, Ruijs WL, Boot HJ, de Melker HE, Hahne SJ. Mumps epidemic in orthodox religious low-vaccination communities in the Netherlands and Canada, 2007 to 2009. Euro Surveill 2011; 16:19989. [PMID: 22008201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the epidemiological characteristics of a mumps virus epidemic (genotype D) that occurred in the Netherlands between August 2007 and May 2009 and its association with a subsequent mumps outbreak in Canada. In the Netherlands, five data sources were used: notifications (only mandatory since the end of 2008) (56 cases), laboratory confirmation data (177 cases), a sentinel general practitioner (GP) database (275 cases), hospitalisation data (29 cases) and weekly virological reports (96 cases). The median age of cases in the notification, laboratory and GP databases ranged from 13 to 15 years. The proportion of cases that were unvaccinated ranged from 65% to 85% in the notification, laboratory and GP databases. Having orthodox Protestant beliefs was the main reason for not being vaccinated. In Canada, a mumps virus strain indistinguishable from the Dutch epidemic strain was detected between February and October 2008 in an orthodox Protestant community with historical and family links to the affected community in the Netherlands, suggesting that spread to Canada had occurred. Prevention and control of vaccine-preventable diseases among population subgroups with low vaccination coverage remains a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Wielders
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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6
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Wielders CC, van Binnendijk RS, Snijders BE, Tipples GA, Cremer J, Fanoy E, Dolman S, Ruijs WL, Boot HJ, de Melker HE, Hahné SJ. Mumps epidemic in orthodox religious low-vaccination communities in the Netherlands and Canada, 2007 to 2009. Euro Surveill 2011. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.16.41.19989-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the epidemiological characteristics of a mumps virus epidemic (genotype D) that occurred in the Netherlands between August 2007 and May 2009 and its association with a subsequent mumps outbreak in Canada. In the Netherlands, five data sources were used: notifications (only mandatory since the end of 2008) (56 cases), laboratory confirmation data (177 cases), a sentinel general practitioner (GP) database (275 cases), hospitalisation data (29 cases) and weekly virological reports (96 cases). The median age of cases in the notification, laboratory and GP databases ranged from 13 to 15 years. The proportion of cases that were unvaccinated ranged from 65% to 85% in the notification, laboratory and GP databases. Having orthodox Protestant beliefs was the main reason for not being vaccinated. In Canada, a mumps virus strain indistinguishable from the Dutch epidemic strain was detected between February and October 2008 in an orthodox Protestant community with historical and family links to the affected community in the Netherlands, suggesting that spread to Canada had occurred. Prevention and control of vaccine-preventable diseases among population subgroups with low vaccination coverage remains a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Wielders
- Pallas health research and consultancy BV, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - R S van Binnendijk
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - B E Snijders
- Pallas health research and consultancy BV, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - G A Tipples
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - J Cremer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - E Fanoy
- Municipal Health Service (GGD) ‘Midden Nederland’, Zeist, the Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - S Dolman
- Public Health Protection and Prevention Branch, Public Health Division, Ministry of Health and Long Term Care of Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - W L Ruijs
- Municipal Health Service (GGD) ‘Rivierenland’, Tiel, the Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - H J Boot
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - H E de Melker
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - S J Hahné
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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7
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Buisman AM, de Rond CGH, Oztürk K, Ten Hulscher HI, van Binnendijk RS. Long-term presence of memory B-cells specific for different vaccine components. Vaccine 2009; 28:179-86. [PMID: 19799844 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2009] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination against infectious diseases ideally should provide lifelong immunity, but in many cases waning of antibody titers has been observed over time. In this study we describe the identification of antigen-specific memory B-cells in peripheral blood of persons born between 1940 and 2004 in The Netherlands. Polyclonal stimulation of either PBMCs or purified B-cells induced proliferation and differentiation of B-cells of the memory phenotype (CD19(+)/CD27(+)) into antibody secreting cells (ASC). Memory B-cells against components of bacterial vaccines (Bordetella pertussis and tetanus) as well as viral vaccines (measles and influenza) were thus identified, even in persons with low serum antibody titers. Enrichment of B-cells increased the sensitivity of memory B-cell detection when compared to PBMCs. Low, but significant correlations between numbers of antigen-specific memory B-cells and the corresponding circulating antibody titers were found for the pertussis proteins and measles virus, but not for tetanus. The identification of the numbers and specificities of peripheral memory B-cells and their relationship with circulating antibodies may be very useful to determine the long-term efficacy of vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Buisman
- Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Control, National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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8
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Baas MC, van Donselaar KAMI, Florquin S, van Binnendijk RS, ten Berge IJM, Bemelman FJ. Mumps: not an innocent bystander in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 2009; 9:2186-9. [PMID: 19563333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02732.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently two major outbreaks of mumps have occurred: in the UK more than 56,000 cases were notified between 2004 and 2005, and in the United States, 6,584 cases were reported in 2006. Most patients were young healthy adults, in whom mumps normally has a benign course. Little is known about mumps in the immunocompromised patient. Here, we report a case of a 56-year renal transplant recipient who developed acute irreversible transplant failure due to interstitial nephritis caused by mumps. RNA of the mumps virus was detected in the urine as well as in a renal biopsy. In view of the ongoing presence of the mumps virus in the population, one should be aware of the possible occurrence of this infection in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Baas
- Renal Transplant Unit, Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam
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9
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Wetsteyn JCFM, de Rond WMJ, Schreuder MCJ, de Boer HEL, van Binnendijk RS, Wolthers KC. [An outbreak of measles at an emergency room]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2008; 152:2032-2036. [PMID: 18825893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A small outbreak of measles occurred after a 33-year-old female aircrew (cabin) member presented at an emergency room with fever. Three members of the hospital staff were infected: a 42-year-old man, a 33-year-old woman, and a 26-year-old woman. The first 2 patients had not been immunised, and the third had received 2 immunisations according to the Dutch National Immunisation Programme. Vaccination of the 2 sero-negative patients within 48 h after exposure with the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) did not prevent the development of measles. Vaccination was deemed unnecessary in the third patient. No tertiary cases occurred. The same measles virus (genotype D5) was detected by PCR and sequencing in all 4 patients. Measles remains a risk for hospital staff members who have not acquired natural immunity. The current policy of immunising patients within 72 h after exposure to measles may not be sufficient. It also appears that immunisation through the Dutch National Immunisation Programme does not always protect against nosocomial infection. Providing MMR vaccination or boosters to hospital staff in certain departments might be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C F M Wetsteyn
- Academisch Medisch Centrum/Universiteit van Amsterdam, Postbus 22.660, 1100 DD Amsterdam.
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10
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van Brummelen SE, de Vries E, Schneeberger PM, van Binnendijk RS, Lestrade P, Wever PC. [Two patients with mumps]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2006; 150:1732-5. [PMID: 16924947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Two patients, men aged 17 and 19 years respectively, were admitted with parotitis epidemica and orchitis caused by mumps. The second patient also had meningitis. PCR analysis revealed that, in both cases, the causative agentwas a mumps virus that was genetically related to a wild-type virus responsible for an outbreak in Singapore. This viral strain was also responsible for a mumps outbreak at Hotel School The Hague in September 2004. Both patients were not fully vaccinated. Both patients were from regions in which clustering of patients with clinical signs of mumps has been seen. Interestingly, a number of patients with confirmed mumps had been fully vaccinated. Possible explanations for the increase in mumps cases include low vaccination and immunity levels, primary and secondary vaccine failure and the emergence of genetically disparate mumps viruses.
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11
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Ruijs WLM, Hahné SJM, van Binnendijk RS. [The first newborn with congenital rubella syndrome during the rubella epidemic in The Netherlands in 2004/'05]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2006; 150:1364; author reply 1364. [PMID: 16808373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
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12
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Hahné SJM, Abbink F, van Binnendijk RS, Ruijs WLM, van Steenbergen JE, de Melker HE. [Rubella epidemic in the Netherlands, 2004/'05: awareness of congenital rubella syndrome required]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2005; 149:1174-8. [PMID: 15940923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Rubella is a public health problem due to the teratogenic effects associated with primary rubella infection during pregnancy (congenital rubella syndrome). Following universal rubella vaccination of infants in the Netherlands, the incidence of rubella has declined dramatically. However, since September 2004, an outbreak has occurred among unvaccinated individuals, most of whom declined vaccination based on religious beliefs. In the period 1 September 2004-22 March 2005, 166 cases of rubella were reported, including 12 pregnant women. Monitoring for signs that the epidemic has spread to other populations in the Netherlands is important because this might indicate the need for additional interventions. Awareness among health-care workers of the possible occurrence of congenital rubella syndrome should be raised. The clinical manifestations of congenital rubella syndrome are diverse, can be transient or permanent, and may not present until adolescence or adulthood. All cases of laboratory-confirmed rubella infection and congenital rubella syndrome should be reported to municipal health authorities. There is a possibility that this outbreak will spread abroad. The WHO aims to reduce the incidence of congenital rubella syndrome to < 1/100,000 live births. Health-care workers in the Netherlands should be extra alert to detect and notify rubella in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J M Hahné
- Rijksinstituutvoor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Centrum Infectieziektenbestrijding, Postbus 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven
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13
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van den Hof S, van den Kerkhof JH, ten Ham PB, van Binnendijk RS, Conyn-van Spaendonck MA, van Steenbergen JE. [Measles epidemic in the Netherlands, 1999-2000]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2001; 145:2529-33. [PMID: 11793829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Description of measles epidemic in the Netherlands, 1999-2000. DESIGN Observational descriptive study. METHODS Intensified surveillance of measles cases by means of a case register established at the 'Landelijke Coördinatiestructuur Infectieziektebestrijding (LCI)' [National Co-ordination Centre for Communicable Disease Outbreak Management]. RESULTS There were 3,292 reported measles patients, most of whom came from areas with low vaccine coverage. Of these patients, 94% had not been vaccinated; in 85% of cases this was for religious reasons. Of the 158 (5%) vaccinated patients, 157 had not (yet) received a second dose of vaccine. The incidence of measles increased with decreasing vaccine coverage in a municipality, both for unvaccinated and vaccinated persons. Three of the reported patients died. The percentage of patients with one or more complications was 22% in the group < 15 months of age, 19% in the group 15 months-4 years, 16% in the group 5-9 years, 11% in the group 10-19 years, and 15% in the group > 19 years of age. CONCLUSION Considering the complications observed, the epidemic described involved a serious disease. Vaccination was accompanied by effective protection against measles infection and its complications. Herd immunity outside the unvaccinated groups was sufficient to prevent an epidemic there. However, incidental spread to vaccinated children did occur; the greatest risk factor for acquiring measles for vaccinated children is a stay in an area with low vaccine coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S van den Hof
- Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Centrum voor Infectieziekten Epidemiologie, Bilthoven
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14
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van den Hof S, Meffre CM, Conyn-van Spaendonck MA, Woonink F, de Melker HE, van Binnendijk RS. Measles outbreak in a community with very low vaccine coverage, the Netherlands. Emerg Infect Dis 2001; 7:593-7. [PMID: 11485681 PMCID: PMC2631830 DOI: 10.3201/eid0707.010743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 1999-2000 measles epidemic in the Netherlands started with an outbreak in an orthodox reformed elementary school with 7% vaccine coverage. The overall attack rate was 37%: 213 clinical cases among the 255 participating pupils (response 62%) and 327 household members. The attack rate ranged from 0% for the oldest groups of pupils to 88% for the youngest, who had not been exposed in previous measles epidemics. None of 25 vaccinated pupils had clinical symptoms. Among pupils with clinical symptoms, the self-reported complication rate was 25%. These data confirm that measles infection causes severe disease and that vaccination is the most effective means of preventing the disease and its complications. The data also show that clusters of persons refraining from vaccination interfere with measles elimination even in populations with very high overall vaccine coverage (96%).
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Affiliation(s)
- S van den Hof
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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15
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Tishon A, LaFace DM, Lewicki H, van Binnendijk RS, Osterhaus A, Oldstone MB. Transgenic mice expressing human HLA and CD8 molecules generate HLA-restricted measles virus cytotoxic T lymphocytes of the same specificity as humans with natural measles virus infection. Virology 2000; 275:286-93. [PMID: 10998329 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Control of primary measles virus (MV) infection in humans and continued maintenance of immune memory that protects against reinfection are mediated primarily through the anti-MV T cell response, as judged by observations of children with defects in antibody formation but competency in making T cells. Further, the failure of T cell responses in those infected with MV most often leads to overwhelming infection. To better define and manipulate the elements involved in human T cell responses to MV, we analyzed the generation of HLA-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in a small animal model. Transgenic mice expressing the human class I MHC antigen HLA-B27 in conjunction with human CD8 molecules produced vigorous HLA-restricted CTL responses to MV antigens, paralleling those in MV infection of humans. In addition, such humanized mice generated human CD8 coreceptor-dependent HLA-B27-restricted CTL with the same specificity for recognition of MV fusion (F) peptide RRYPDAVYL as reported for humans during natural MV infection. Neither murine beta(2)-microglobulin nor murine CD8 substituted adequately as coreceptors for the HLA-B27 heavy chain. By contrast, HLA-A2.1-restricted responses to measles could be generated in the absence of expression of human beta(2)-microglobulin or CD8(+) molecules in HLA-A2.1/K(b) transgenic mice. Thus a small animal model is now available for studying strategies for optimizing human CD8(+) T cell responses and for testing vaccines. This model offers the potential, when combined with the newly reported CD46 transgenic mouse model in which MV replicates in cells of the immune system, for uncoding the molecular mechanism of MV-induced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tishon
- Division of Virology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Stittelaar KJ, Wyatt LS, de Swart RL, Vos HW, Groen J, van Amerongen G, van Binnendijk RS, Rozenblatt S, Moss B, Osterhaus AD. Protective immunity in macaques vaccinated with a modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based measles virus vaccine in the presence of passively acquired antibodies. J Virol 2000; 74:4236-43. [PMID: 10756037 PMCID: PMC111939 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.74.9.4236-4243.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), encoding the measles virus (MV) fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (H) (MVA-FH) glycoproteins, was evaluated in an MV vaccination-challenge model with macaques. Animals were vaccinated twice in the absence or presence of passively transferred MV-neutralizing macaque antibodies and challenged 1 year later intratracheally with wild-type MV. After the second vaccination with MVA-FH, all the animals developed MV-neutralizing antibodies and MV-specific T-cell responses. Although MVA-FH was slightly less effective in inducing MV-neutralizing antibodies in the absence of passively transferred antibodies than the currently used live attenuated vaccine, it proved to be more effective in the presence of such antibodies. All vaccinated animals were effectively protected from the challenge infection. These data suggest that MVA-FH should be further tested as an alternative to the current vaccine for infants with maternally acquired MV-neutralizing antibodies and for adults with waning vaccine-induced immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Stittelaar
- The Institute of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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de Swart RL, Wertheim-van Dillen PM, van Binnendijk RS, Muller CP, Frenkel J, Osterhaus AD. Measles in a Dutch hospital introduced by an immuno-compromised infant from Indonesia infected with a new virus genotype. Lancet 2000; 355:201-2. [PMID: 10675124 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(99)04652-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A fatal measles case in an immunocompromised Indonesian child was associated with nosocomial transmission to health care workers. The virus isolated proved to represent a new genotype within clade G.
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Grommé M, Uytdehaag FG, Janssen H, Calafat J, van Binnendijk RS, Kenter MJ, Tulp A, Verwoerd D, Neefjes J. Recycling MHC class I molecules and endosomal peptide loading. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:10326-31. [PMID: 10468607 PMCID: PMC17887 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.18.10326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MHC class I molecules usually present peptides derived from endogenous antigens that are bound in the endoplasmic reticulum. Loading of exogenous antigens on class I molecules, e.g., in cross-priming, sometimes occurs, but the intracellular location where interaction between the antigenic fragment and class I takes place is unclear. Here we show that measles virus F protein can be presented by class I in transporters associated with antigen processing-independent, NH(4)Cl-sensitive manner, suggesting that class I molecules are able to interact and bind antigen in acidic compartments, like class II molecules. Studies on intracellular transport of green fluorescent protein-tagged class I molecules in living cells confirmed that a small fraction of class I molecules indeed enters classical MHC class II compartments (MIICs) and is transported in MIICs back to the plasma membrane. Fractionation studies show that class I complexes in MIICs contain peptides. The pH in MIIC (around 5.0) is such that efficient peptide exchange can occur. We thus present evidence for a pathway for class I loading that is shared with class II molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grommé
- Department of Tumor Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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de Swart RL, Vos HW, UytdeHaag FG, Osterhaus AD, van Binnendijk RS. Measles virus fusion protein- and hemagglutinin-transfected cell lines are a sensitive tool for the detection of specific antibodies by a FACS-measured immunofluorescence assay. J Virol Methods 1998; 71:35-44. [PMID: 9628219 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-0934(97)00188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A FACS-measured immunofluorescence assay was developed for the detection of antibodies directed against the hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) glycoproteins of measles virus (MV). Human melanoma cell lines transfected with either the MV H or F genes, which showed a high surface expression of the respective proteins in their native conformation, were used as target cells. The cells were incubated with diluted plasma samples, and stained subsequently with FITC-conjugated secondary antibodies. The FACS-measured fluorescence signals correlated directly with the amount of specific immunoglobulins over a wide concentration range. The use of different conjugates enabled the separate detection of MV-specific IgG, IgM, IgA and IgG subclasses, with relatively low backgrounds. Hemagglutinin-specific IgG, IgM and IgA fluorescence signals were shown to correlate well with MV-specific IgG ELISA titers and MV-specific IgM or IgA capture ELISA OD450-values, respectively. The polyclonal conjugates with specificity for human immunoglobulins offered sufficient cross-reactivity to detect MV-specific IgG, IgM and IgA in plasma samples of cynomolgus macaques, making this technique a useful tool for studying serological responses in vaccination and challenge experiments in non-human primate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L de Swart
- Institute of Virology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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20
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Verjans GM, Remeijer L, van Binnendijk RS, Cornelissen JG, Völker-Dieben HJ, Baarsma SG, Osterhaus AD. Identification and characterization of herpes simplex virus-specific CD4+ T cells in corneas of herpetic stromal keratitis patients. J Infect Dis 1998; 177:484-8. [PMID: 9466544 DOI: 10.1086/517382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) is a corneal disease initiated by a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection with a postulated T cell-mediated immunopathology. To study the antigen specificity of cornea-infiltrating T cells in HSK patients, T cells were isolated and expanded by mitogenic stimulation from corneas of 2 patients with HSV-1-mediated HSK. A substantial number of the T cell clones (TCCs) obtained from these T cell lines were HSV-specific. All HSV-specific TCCs were of the CD3+CD4+CD8- phenotype. These TCCs responded to autologous HSV-infected corneal keratocytes, which expressed HLA class II molecules following incubation with interferon-gamma. Upon HSV-specific stimulation, all TCCs secreted interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interferon-gamma. The data presented suggest that HSV-specific CD4+ T cells play a role in the immunopathogenesis of HSK in humans and that corneal keratocytes may act as antigen-presenting cells in this local T cell response.
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MESH Headings
- Antigen Presentation
- CD3 Complex/immunology
- CD4 Antigens/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8 Antigens/immunology
- Cell Division
- Cells, Cultured
- Clone Cells/immunology
- Cornea/cytology
- Cornea/immunology
- Cornea/metabolism
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Interleukin-2/metabolism
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Interleukin-5/metabolism
- Keratitis, Herpetic/immunology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Verjans
- Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Institute of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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21
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van Binnendijk RS, Poelen MC, van Amerongen G, de Vries P, Osterhaus AD. Protective immunity in macaques vaccinated with live attenuated, recombinant, and subunit measles vaccines in the presence of passively acquired antibodies. J Infect Dis 1997; 175:524-32. [PMID: 9041322 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/175.3.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of maternal antibodies is one of the main causes of measles vaccine failure. To evaluate the interference of passively acquired antibodies with vaccine efficacy, macaques (n = 16) were vaccinated with live attenuated measles vaccine in the presence or absence of passively acquired measles virus-specific monkey serum antibodies. As little as 0.1 IU of virus-neutralizing antibody/mL of serum abrogated the induction of specific serum IgM, IgG, and virus-neutralizing antibodies. This effect was also demonstrated in monkeys vaccinated with live recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the hemagglutinin and fusion proteins of measles virus but not in monkeys vaccinated with the same proteins incorporated into immune-stimulating complexes. All of the monkeys vaccinated in the presence of virus-neutralizing antibodies (n = 9) were still largely protected from intratracheal challenge with wild type virus. This protection is probably mediated by the observed specific T lymphocyte responses.
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23
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van Eijndhoven MJ, Rümke HC, Bosman A, van Dijk WC, Hirsch R, van Binnendijk RS. [A measles epidemic in an adequately vaccinated middle school population]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1994; 138:2396-400. [PMID: 7990987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the extent of a measles epidemic in a secondary school. DESIGN Retrospective and questionnaire investigation. SETTING Secondary school, Bilthoven. METHOD Questionnaire followed by laboratory testing for measles and other infectious diseases with exanthema. RESULTS The response rate was 99% (935/949 pupils, aged 12-21 years, vaccination rate 92%). Seventy-seven students underwent laboratory investigations. Measles virus was isolated in 2 suspected patients. Thirty-three of 37 patients with clinical or laboratory criteria of measles had been vaccinated. Complications of measles were not detected. Infection was also detected in patients with relatively few or atypical symptoms. The protective efficacy of measles vaccine could be determined because the attack rate of the school population was less than 5%. CONCLUSION Primary failure of the measles vaccine might be the cause of the minor epidemic but the results do not cast doubt on the efficacy of the current measles vaccination programme.
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Abstract
Although the introduction of live attenuated measles vaccines in industrialized countries in the 1960s has largely contributed to the control of measles, the disease remains a major cause of serious disease and mortality in many developing countries. This is largely because of low vaccine coverage and interference by maternally derived antibodies. To overcome these problems, new vaccination strategies and novel generations of vaccines should be developed. Among the approaches presently considered are the use of different routes of application of new attenuated measles and recombinant viruses and of viral subunits presented with new adjuvant systems. To evaluate the potential of these new approaches in terms of protective mechanisms, efficacy, and safety, a recently evaluated macaque model of measles virus infection may be expected to be a potent tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Osterhaus
- Department of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands
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25
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van Binnendijk RS, van der Heijden RW, van Amerongen G, UytdeHaag FG, Osterhaus AD. Viral replication and development of specific immunity in macaques after infection with different measles virus strains. J Infect Dis 1994; 170:443-8. [PMID: 8035034 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/170.2.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were experimentally infected with a wild type measles virus (MV) strain (MV-BIL). Following intratracheal inoculation with different infectious doses, the virus could be isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), lung lavage cells, and pharyngeal cells. The kinetics of the cell-associated viremia was similar in all infected animals. They developed specific serum IgM, IgG, and neutralizing antibody responses as well as MV-specific T cell-mediated immunity. Monkeys infected intratracheally or intramuscularly with the wild type MV-Edmonston or the attenuated MV-Schwartz strain showed a lower level of PBMC-associated viremia and less pronounced specific IgM responses. Nine months after infection with MV strains, all of the monkeys were protected from intratracheal reinfection with MV-BIL. This monkey model is suitable for study of new generations of vaccines and vaccination strategies for measles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G UytdeHaag
- Department of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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van Binnendijk RS, Versteeg-van Oosten JP, Poelen MC, Brugghe HF, Hoogerhout P, Osterhaus AD, Uytdehaag FG. Human HLA class I- and HLA class II-restricted cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes identify a cluster of epitopes on the measles virus fusion protein. J Virol 1993; 67:2276-84. [PMID: 7680390 PMCID: PMC240367 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.67.4.2276-2284.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane fusion (F) glycoprotein of measles virus is an important target antigen of human HLA class I- and class II-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Genetically engineered F proteins and nested sets of synthetic peptides spanning the F protein were used to determine sequences of F recognized by a number of F-specific CTL clones. Combined N- and C-terminal deletions of the respective peptides revealed that human HLA class I and HLA class II-restricted CTL efficiently recognize nonapeptides or decapeptides representing epitopes of F. Three distinct sequences recognized by three different HLA class II (DQw1, DR2, and DR4/w53)-restricted CTL clones appear to cluster between amino acids 379 and 466 of F, thus defining an important T-cell epitope area of F. Within this same region, a nonamer peptide of F was found to be recognized by an HLA-B27-restricted CTL clone, as expected on the basis of the structural homology between this peptide and other known HLA-B27 binding peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S van Binnendijk
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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28
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van Binnendijk RS, van Baalen CA, Poelen MC, de Vries P, Boes J, Cerundolo V, Osterhaus AD, UytdeHaag FG. Measles virus transmembrane fusion protein synthesized de novo or presented in immunostimulating complexes is endogenously processed for HLA class I- and class II-restricted cytotoxic T cell recognition. J Exp Med 1992; 176:119-28. [PMID: 1613454 PMCID: PMC2119300 DOI: 10.1084/jem.176.1.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The routes used by antigen-presenting cells (APC) to convert the transmembrane fusion glycoprotein (F) of measles virus (MV) to HLA class I and class II presentable peptides have been examined, using cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes in functional assays. Presentation by Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines was achieved using live virus, ultraviolet light-inactivated virus, and purified MV-F delivered either as such or incorporated in immunostimulating complexes (MV-F-ISCOM). Only live virus and MV-F-ISCOM allow presentation by class I molecules, while all antigen preparations permit class II-restricted presentation. We observe presentation of MV-F from live virus and as MV-F-ISCOM by class II molecules in a fashion that is not perturbed by chloroquine. Our studies visualize novel presentation pathways of type I transmembrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S van Binnendijk
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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29
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van Binnendijk RS, Poelen MC, Kuijpers KC, Osterhaus AD, Uytdehaag FG. The predominance of CD8+ T cells after infection with measles virus suggests a role for CD8+ class I MHC-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in recovery from measles. Clonal analyses of human CD8+ class I MHC-restricted CTL. The Journal of Immunology 1990. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.144.6.2394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Stimulation of PBMC, in children recovering from acute measles, with autologous EBV-transformed and measles virus (MV)-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCL) expanded primarily MV-specific CD8+ T cells. A large number of CD8+ T cell clones were obtained either by passaging of bulk cultures at limiting dilutions or by direct cloning of PBMC without previous stimulation in bulk culture. The MV-specific CD8+ T cell clones responding in a proliferative and a CTL assay were found to be class I MHC restricted. In contrast, CD4+ MV-specific T cell clones, which were generated by the same protocol, recognized MV in association with class II MHC molecules. Analysis of processing requirements for Ag presentation to CD8+ and CD4+ T cell clones, measured by the effect of chloroquine in a proliferative T cell response, revealed that both types of T cells recognized MV Ag processed via the endogenous/cytoplasmic pathway. Thus, these studies indicate that, as in most other viral infections and in contrast to previous suggestions, the class I MHC-restricted CTL response by CD8+ T cells may be an important factor in the control and elimination of MV infection. Therefore, the role proposed for CD4+ class II-restricted T cells in recovery from measles needs to be reevaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S van Binnendijk
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - M C Poelen
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - K C Kuijpers
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - A D Osterhaus
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - F G Uytdehaag
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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30
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van Binnendijk RS, Poelen MC, Kuijpers KC, Osterhaus AD, Uytdehaag FG. The predominance of CD8+ T cells after infection with measles virus suggests a role for CD8+ class I MHC-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in recovery from measles. Clonal analyses of human CD8+ class I MHC-restricted CTL. J Immunol 1990; 144:2394-9. [PMID: 2107259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of PBMC, in children recovering from acute measles, with autologous EBV-transformed and measles virus (MV)-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCL) expanded primarily MV-specific CD8+ T cells. A large number of CD8+ T cell clones were obtained either by passaging of bulk cultures at limiting dilutions or by direct cloning of PBMC without previous stimulation in bulk culture. The MV-specific CD8+ T cell clones responding in a proliferative and a CTL assay were found to be class I MHC restricted. In contrast, CD4+ MV-specific T cell clones, which were generated by the same protocol, recognized MV in association with class II MHC molecules. Analysis of processing requirements for Ag presentation to CD8+ and CD4+ T cell clones, measured by the effect of chloroquine in a proliferative T cell response, revealed that both types of T cells recognized MV Ag processed via the endogenous/cytoplasmic pathway. Thus, these studies indicate that, as in most other viral infections and in contrast to previous suggestions, the class I MHC-restricted CTL response by CD8+ T cells may be an important factor in the control and elimination of MV infection. Therefore, the role proposed for CD4+ class II-restricted T cells in recovery from measles needs to be reevaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S van Binnendijk
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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31
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de Vries P, Versteeg-van Oosten JP, Visser IK, van Binnendijk RS, Langeveld SA, Osterhaus AD, Uytdehaag FG. Measles virus-specific murine T cell clones: characterization of fine specificity and function. The Journal of Immunology 1989. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.142.8.2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Measles virus (MV)-specific murine helper T cell clones (Thy-1.2+, CD4+, CD8-) were generated from mice immunized with MV-infected mouse brain homogenate by limiting dilution and in vitro stimulation of spleen cells with UV-inactivated MV Ag. The protein specificity of 7 out of 37 stable T cell clones, which displayed MHC-restricted MV Ag recognition, could be assessed by using purified MV proteins. Two fusion (F) protein-specific, two hemagglutinin-specific, and three nucleoprotein- or matrix protein-specific clones were shown to be established. The F protein-specific T cell clones together with a panel of previously generated F protein-specific T cell clones were characterized for their fine specificity by using beta-galactosidase fusion products, which contained different parts of the F protein. It was shown that at least two epitopes on the major part of the F protein (amino acid 2-513) can be recognized by mouse T cells. Functional characterization of three T cell clones showed that they were able to assist MV-specific B cells and bystander B cells for antibody production. Furthermore, they were shown to produce the lymphokines IL-2 and IFN-gamma. It was also shown that these T cell clones induced a MV-specific delayed type hypersensitivity response. These observations suggest that all of the T cell clones characterized belong to the TH1 helper subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- P de Vries
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - J P Versteeg-van Oosten
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - I K Visser
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - R S van Binnendijk
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - S A Langeveld
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - A D Osterhaus
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - F G Uytdehaag
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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32
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van Binnendijk RS, Poelen MC, de Vries P, Voorma HO, Osterhaus AD, Uytdehaag FG. Measles virus-specific human T cell clones. Characterization of specificity and function of CD4+ helper/cytotoxic and CD8+ cytotoxic T cell clones. J Immunol 1989; 142:2847-54. [PMID: 2467943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PBMC from healthy adult individuals seropositive for measles virus (MV) were tested for their capacity to proliferate to UV-inactivated MV (UV-MV) or to autologous MV-infected EBV-transformed B cell lines (EBV-BC). MV-specific T cell responses were observed in 11 of 15 donors tested (stimulation index greater than 2), when optimal doses of UV-MV were used in proliferative assays. T cell clones were generated from PBMC of three donors responding to MV, by using either UV-MV or MV-infected autologous EBV-BC as APC. Stimulation with UV-MV generated exclusively CD3+ CD4+ CD8- MV-specific T cells, whereas after stimulation of PBMC with MV-infected EBV-BC, both CD3+ CD4+ CD8- and CD3+ CD4- CD8+ MV-specific T cell clones were obtained. Of 19 CD4+ T cell clones tested so far, 7 clones reacted specifically with purified fusion protein and 1 with purified hemagglutinin protein. Seven clones proliferated in response to the internal proteins of MV. Three clones reacted to whole virus but not to one of the purified proteins, whereas one clone seemed to recognize more than one polypeptide. Some of the T cell clones, generated from in vitro stimulation of PBMC with UV-MV, failed to recognize MV Ag when MV-infected EBV-BC were used as APC instead of UV-MV and PBMC. CD3+ CD4+ CD8- T cell clones recognized MV in association with HLA class II Ag (HLA-DQ or -DR), and most of them displayed CTL activity to autologous MV-infected EBV-BC. All CD4+ HLA class II-restricted CTL clones thus far tested were capable of assisting B lymphocytes for the production of MV-specific antibody. The CD4- CD8+ T cell clone MARO 1 recognized MV in association with HLA class I molecules and displayed cytotoxic activity toward MV-infected EBV-BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S van Binnendijk
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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de Vries P, Versteeg-van Oosten JP, Visser IK, van Binnendijk RS, Langeveld SA, Osterhaus AD, Uytdehaag FG. Measles virus-specific murine T cell clones: characterization of fine specificity and function. J Immunol 1989; 142:2841-6. [PMID: 2522970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Measles virus (MV)-specific murine helper T cell clones (Thy-1.2+, CD4+, CD8-) were generated from mice immunized with MV-infected mouse brain homogenate by limiting dilution and in vitro stimulation of spleen cells with UV-inactivated MV Ag. The protein specificity of 7 out of 37 stable T cell clones, which displayed MHC-restricted MV Ag recognition, could be assessed by using purified MV proteins. Two fusion (F) protein-specific, two hemagglutinin-specific, and three nucleoprotein- or matrix protein-specific clones were shown to be established. The F protein-specific T cell clones together with a panel of previously generated F protein-specific T cell clones were characterized for their fine specificity by using beta-galactosidase fusion products, which contained different parts of the F protein. It was shown that at least two epitopes on the major part of the F protein (amino acid 2-513) can be recognized by mouse T cells. Functional characterization of three T cell clones showed that they were able to assist MV-specific B cells and bystander B cells for antibody production. Furthermore, they were shown to produce the lymphokines IL-2 and IFN-gamma. It was also shown that these T cell clones induced a MV-specific delayed type hypersensitivity response. These observations suggest that all of the T cell clones characterized belong to the TH1 helper subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- P de Vries
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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van Binnendijk RS, Poelen MC, de Vries P, Voorma HO, Osterhaus AD, Uytdehaag FG. Measles virus-specific human T cell clones. Characterization of specificity and function of CD4+ helper/cytotoxic and CD8+ cytotoxic T cell clones. The Journal of Immunology 1989. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.142.8.2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
PBMC from healthy adult individuals seropositive for measles virus (MV) were tested for their capacity to proliferate to UV-inactivated MV (UV-MV) or to autologous MV-infected EBV-transformed B cell lines (EBV-BC). MV-specific T cell responses were observed in 11 of 15 donors tested (stimulation index greater than 2), when optimal doses of UV-MV were used in proliferative assays. T cell clones were generated from PBMC of three donors responding to MV, by using either UV-MV or MV-infected autologous EBV-BC as APC. Stimulation with UV-MV generated exclusively CD3+ CD4+ CD8- MV-specific T cells, whereas after stimulation of PBMC with MV-infected EBV-BC, both CD3+ CD4+ CD8- and CD3+ CD4- CD8+ MV-specific T cell clones were obtained. Of 19 CD4+ T cell clones tested so far, 7 clones reacted specifically with purified fusion protein and 1 with purified hemagglutinin protein. Seven clones proliferated in response to the internal proteins of MV. Three clones reacted to whole virus but not to one of the purified proteins, whereas one clone seemed to recognize more than one polypeptide. Some of the T cell clones, generated from in vitro stimulation of PBMC with UV-MV, failed to recognize MV Ag when MV-infected EBV-BC were used as APC instead of UV-MV and PBMC. CD3+ CD4+ CD8- T cell clones recognized MV in association with HLA class II Ag (HLA-DQ or -DR), and most of them displayed CTL activity to autologous MV-infected EBV-BC. All CD4+ HLA class II-restricted CTL clones thus far tested were capable of assisting B lymphocytes for the production of MV-specific antibody. The CD4- CD8+ T cell clone MARO 1 recognized MV in association with HLA class I molecules and displayed cytotoxic activity toward MV-infected EBV-BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S van Binnendijk
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - M C Poelen
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - P de Vries
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - H O Voorma
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - A D Osterhaus
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - F G Uytdehaag
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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de Vries P, van Binnendijk RS, van der Marel P, van Wezel AL, Voorma HO, Sundquist B, Uytdehaag FG, Osterhaus AD. Measles virus fusion protein presented in an immune-stimulating complex (iscom) induces haemolysis-inhibiting and fusion-inhibiting antibodies, virus-specific T cells and protection in mice. J Gen Virol 1988; 69 ( Pt 3):549-59. [PMID: 3258355 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-69-3-549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-stimulating complexes (iscoms), which have recently been shown to be highly effective for the antigenic presentation of membrane proteins of viruses, were prepared with affinity-purified fusion (F) protein of measles virus (MV), using an adaptation of the standard method for iscom preparation. Immunization of monkeys with the F iscom preparation induced biologically active anti-F protein antibodies as was shown in haemolysis inhibition and cell-cell fusion inhibition tests. A whole MV iscom preparation, which also contained the haemagglutinin protein, induced not only also haemolysis-inhibiting antibodies, but, in contrast to the F iscom preparation, also haemagglutination-inhibiting and virus-neutralizing antibodies. In addition the F iscom preparation was shown to activate measles virus-specific T cells in mice. This was demonstrated by the generation of an MV-specific delayed type hypersensitivity response in F iscom-immunized animals and by the isolation of T cell clones specific for MV F protein with the T helper phenotype. Vaccination of mice with MV iscom or F iscom protected them from MV-induced fatal encephalopathy. The data concerning the immunogenicity of MV proteins presented in iscoms are discussed in relation to their potential for the development of an inactivated measles vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- P de Vries
- Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Hygiene, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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