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Hiramoto K, Saito S, Hanaoka H, Suzuki K, Kikuchi J, Fukui H, Takano R, Miyoshi F, Seki N, Sugahara K, Kaneko Y, Takeuchi T. POS0459 APTAMER-BASED PROTEOMIC SCREENING IN IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC SIGNAL PATHWAY AND URINARY BIOMARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH HISTOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN LUPUS NEPHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe current gold standard for the diagnosis and classification, assessment of the severity of lupus nephritis (LN) is a renal biopsy. On the other hand, since the procedure is highly invasive, there is a pressing need to identify biomarkers for predicting the presence and its histological severity of LN. In addition, the background pathogenesis of each histological findings is not clearly understood.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the urine biomarkers for predicting the presence and the severity of histological findings of LN, and to search the pathogenic signal pathway.MethodsUrine samples from 24 biopsy-proven active LN patients were initially screened for the levels of 1305 distinct human proteins using an aptamer-based-targeted proteomic assay. We developed histological scoring system based on ISN/RPS lesion definitions and classification, NIH activity and chronicity score. Two experienced evaluators assessed the histological scores. Cluster analysis and pathway analysis were performed.ResultsA total of 24 LN patients were included: 20 (83%) had a proliferative histological class (III or IV +/-V), 4 (17%) pure membranous (V). Through cluster analysis, several histological subgroups were extracted according to correlation with each histological finding, and proteins which corelated with each histological scores were analyzed. We focused on two subgroups: one in which including active glomerular histological findings (endocapillary hypercellularity, karyorrhexis, neutrophil infiltration, subendothelial deposits) and the other in which including interstitial histological findings (interstitial inflammation, interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy). Histological scores in the former group showed strong positive correlation with protein group which contained 59 proteins (Group A), including CCL21, CXCL10, VCAM1. Histological scores in the latter group corelated with another protein group which contained 85 proteins (Group B), including MCP-1, CCL11. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed 16 pathways (PDGF Signaling, Granulocyte Adhesion and Diapedesis, etc) were upregulated in Group A and 11 pathways (IL-17 signaling, Fibrosis signaling pathway, etc) upregulated in Group B. Among group A and group B urine proteins, those showed strong correlation between respective histological findings were validated with ELISA assays.ConclusionAn aptamer-based-targeted proteomic assay screening by combining with renal histological scoring system suggested several urine proteins can predict the severity and the presence of major renal histological findings, and suggested to be related with the pathogenesis in patients with LN.Disclosure of InterestsKazuoto Hiramoto: None declared, Shuntaro Saito: None declared, Hironari Hanaoka: None declared, Katsuya Suzuki: None declared, Jun Kikuchi: None declared, Hiroyuki Fukui: None declared, Ryo Takano Employee of: Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation Sohyaku, Fumihiko Miyoshi Employee of: Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation Sohyaku, Noriyasu Seki Employee of: Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation Sohyaku, Kunio Sugahara Employee of: Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation Sohyaku, Yuko Kaneko: None declared, Tsutomu Takeuchi: None declared.
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Miyazu T, Ishida N, Takano R, Tamura S, Yamade M, Hamaya Y, Tani S, Iwaizumi M, Osawa S, Furuta T, Sugimoto K. Usefulness of the capsule endoscopy Crohn's disease activity index in assessing the necessity of early additional treatment in patients with Crohn's disease in clinical remission. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26550. [PMID: 34398010 PMCID: PMC8294877 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Capsule Endoscopy Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CECDAI) was recently reported as a new scoring system to evaluate the mucosal lesions of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). We investigated whether CECDAI is useful for assessing the necessity of early additional treatment in patients with CD in clinical remission.Twenty-one patients with small intestinal CD in clinical remission underwent capsule endoscopy (CE). The CECDAI and Lewis score (LS) were used to evaluate the intestinal lesions. We analyzed the correlations between several biomarkers and CECDAI or LS and examined the changes in therapeutic regimens based on the CECDAI.CE identified intestinal abnormalities in most CD patients in clinical remission: 81.0% and 85.7%, as assessed using CECDAI and LS, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between the CDAI and LS (P = .025), as well as between CDAI and CECDAI (P = .014) in these cases. Compared to LS, CECDAI scores were more evenly distributed. No significant correlations were observed between endoscopic scores and serum markers, including CRP, hemoglobin, and albumin levels. Additional treatment was performed significantly more often in patients with moderate-severe disease activity (CECDAI ≥5.8) (P = .012) than in those with normal (CECDAI <3.5) and mild (3.5≤CECDAI<5.8) disease activity. Resection of the small intestine did not affect the small bowel transit time or CE score.CECDAI is useful in evaluating mucosal lesions in small bowel CD patients in clinical remission and helps in assessing the requirement for additional treatment for these patients, including those who undergo intestinal resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Takahisa Furuta
- Center for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Kato M, Sugimoto K, Ikeya K, Takano R, Matsuura A, Miyazu T, Ishida N, Tamura S, Tani S, Yamade M, Hamaya Y, Iwaizumi M, Osawa S, Furuta T, Hanai H. Therapeutic monitoring of adalimumab at non-trough levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254548. [PMID: 34242369 PMCID: PMC8270420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adalimumab (ADA) trough level and anti-ADA antibody (AAA) positivity influence mucosal healing and loss of response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we clarified the correlation between ADA monitoring, including non-trough level, and real-world IBD clinical outcomes. This retrospective, observational, single-center study involved patients with ulcerative colitis (19) and Crohn's disease (33) treated with ADA from January 2007 to August 2018. Serum ADA and AAA levels were measured 4‒14 days after ADA administration. The AAA positivity rate was 23.1% (12/52). ADA continuity was higher in AAA-negative patients than in AAA-positive patients (P = 0.223). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that a serum AAA cut-off of 9.2 μg/mL was associated with ADA continuity. The ADA level was significantly higher in the endoscopic remission group than in the non-remission group (P = 0.02). Based on the ROC curve analysis results of serum ADA level and endoscopic remission, the cut-off value of the serum ADA level was set to 11.1 μg/mL. Under the combined use of ADA with immunomodulators and AAA positivity, ADA continuity was significantly higher when the serum AAA level at 4-14 days after ADA administration was ≥9.2 μg/mL. Furthermore, endoscopic remission can be expected with a serum ADA level of ≥11.1 μg/mL. Overall, to predict clinical outcomes, it would be useful to measure the blood level of ADA regardless of the timing of the trough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaichi Kato
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kentaro Ikeya
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takano
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ai Matsuura
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miyazu
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Natsuki Ishida
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shinya Tani
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Mihoko Yamade
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hamaya
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Moriya Iwaizumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takahisa Furuta
- Center for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanai
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Sugimoto K, Ikeya K, Bamba S, Andoh A, Yamasaki H, Mitsuyama K, Nasuno M, Tanaka H, Matsuura A, Kato M, Ishida N, Tamura S, Takano R, Tani S, Osawa S, Nishihira J, Hanai H. Highly Bioavailable Curcumin Derivative Ameliorates Crohn's Disease Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:1693-1701. [PMID: 32412598 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The new curcumin derivative Theracurmin® has a 27-fold higher absorption rate than natural curcumin powder. Theracurmin® is an inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB, which mediates the expression of inflammatory cytokines. The effect of Theracurmin® on inflammatory bowel disease in humans has not been explored; therefore, we investigated the efficacy and safety of Theracurmin® in patients with Crohn's disease. METHODS In this randomized, double-blinded study performed at 5 independent medical centers in Japan, Theracurmin® (360 mg/day, n = 20) or placebo (n = 10) was administered to patients with active mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease for 12 weeks. The agent's efficacy was assessed by evaluating clinical and endoscopic remission, healing of anal lesions, and blood levels of inflammatory markers. RESULTS In the Theracurmin® group, a significant reduction in clinical disease activity was observed in week 12 relative to that in week 0 (p = 0.005). On intention-to-treat analysis, clinical remission rates were 35%, 40%, and 40% at weeks 4, 8, and 12, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the placebo group (all 0%; p = 0.033, p = 0.020, and p = 0.020, respectively). Furthermore, reduction in endoscopic Crohn's disease severity (p = 0.032) was observed at week 12 in the Theracurmin® group. The endoscopic remission rates were 15% and 0% in the Theracurmin® and placebo groups, respectively. Significant healing of anal lesions (p = 0.017) was observed at week 8 in the Theracurmin® group. No serious adverse events were observed in either group throughout the study. CONCLUSIONS Theracurmin® shows significant clinical and endoscopic efficacy together with a favorable safety profile in patients with active mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease. CLINICAL TRIAL UMIN REGISTRATION ID UMIN000015770.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sugimoto
- The First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ikeya
- Centre for Gastroenterology & IBD Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shigeki Bamba
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Akira Andoh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Keiichi Mitsuyama
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masanao Nasuno
- IBD Centre, Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- IBD Centre, Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ai Matsuura
- Centre for Gastroenterology & IBD Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masaichi Kato
- Centre for Gastroenterology & IBD Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Natsuki Ishida
- The First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- The First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takano
- The First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shinya Tani
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanai
- Centre for Gastroenterology & IBD Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Ishida N, Miyazu T, Matsuura T, Takano R, Tamura S, Kagami T, Tani S, Yamade M, Hamaya Y, Iwaizumi M, Osawa S, Furuta T, Sugimoto K. Effect of ulcerative colitis duration on the usefulness of immunochemical fecal occult blood test result as a disease activity biomarker. Int J Colorectal Dis 2020; 35:1729-1739. [PMID: 32472230 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-020-03636-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effects of ulcerative colitis (UC) duration on biomarker accuracy are unknown. We investigated the effects of UC duration on the predictive accuracy of biomarkers including immunochemical fecal occult blood test (FOBT, also known as FIT), prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM), and C-reactive protein (CRP). METHODS We divided 133 samples into groups based on disease duration. Clinical and endoscopic remission was defined as Lichtiger's clinical activity index (CAI) of ≤ 4, Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) of 0, and UC endoscopic index of severity (UCEIS) of ≤ 1. RESULTS FIT results were significantly correlated with all activity scores when the disease duration was < 4 years. When the disease duration was ≥ 4 years, FIT results were significantly correlated with the CAI and MES but not with UCEIS. When the disease duration was ≥ 5 years, FIT and CAI were significantly correlated, whereas FIT and MES or FIT and UCEIS did not show any correlation. When the duration was ≥ 4 years, PGE-MUM and CRP showed a significant correlation with CAI, MES, and UCEIS. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of biomarker data for predicting endoscopic remission showed that the accuracy of FIT was superior to that of PGE-MUM and CRP in the < 4-year group. CONCLUSIONS FIT is an accurate biomarker reflecting the endoscopic score until 4 years in patients with UC. However, owing to the increased number of false negatives, the usefulness of FIT may decline after 4 years. Hence, evaluation of UC in combination with other biomarkers is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Ishida
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miyazu
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Matsuura
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takano
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takuma Kagami
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shinya Tani
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Mihoko Yamade
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hamaya
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Moriya Iwaizumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizusoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahisa Furuta
- Center for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
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Takano R, Osawa S, Uotani T, Tani S, Ishida N, Tamura S, Yamade M, Iwaizumi M, Hamaya Y, Furuta T, Miyajima H, Sugimoto K. Evaluating mucosal healing using colon capsule endoscopy predicts outcome in patients with ulcerative colitis in clinical remission. World J Clin Cases 2018; 6:952-960. [PMID: 30568951 PMCID: PMC6288494 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i15.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine whether second generation of colon capsule endoscopy (CCE-2) is acceptable for assessing the severity of mucosal inflammation and evaluating mucosal healing using CCE-2 is able to predict outcome in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, especially in clinical remission.
METHODS A total of 30 consecutive UC patients in clinical remission were enrolled to undergo CCE-2. Clinical remission was defined as clinical activity index (CAI) ≤ 4 according to Rachmilewitz index. The rate of total colon observation and colon cleansing level were evaluated. Severity of mucosal inflammation in UC was assessed according to the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS). Relapse-free survival was assessed. Acceptability of CCE-2 was assessed using a questionnaire survey.
RESULTS The rate of total colon observation within its battery life was 93.3%. The proportion of “excellent” plus “good” cleansing level was 73.3%. The rate of mucosal healing (MES 0, 1) assessed by CCE-2 was 77.0%. The relapse-free survival rate was significantly higher in MES 0, 1 than in MES 2, 3 (P = 0.0435), and in UCEIS 0-3 than in UCEIS 4-8 (P = 0.0211), whereas there was no significant difference between CAI 0 and CAI 1-4 groups. A questionnaire survey revealed an overall acceptability of CCE.
CONCLUSION CCE-2 is acceptable for assessing the severity of mucosal inflammation in UC patients, especially in clinical remission. Evaluating mucosal healing using CCE-2 was able to predict outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Takano
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takahiro Uotani
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shinya Tani
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Natsuki Ishida
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Mihoko Yamade
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Moriya Iwaizumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hamaya
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takahisa Furuta
- Center for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyajima
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
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Sugimoto K, Ikeya K, Kato M, Matsuura A, Watanabe F, Takano R, Tamura S, Tani S, Osawa S, Hanai H. Assessment of Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Results from a 6-Year Real-World Clinical Practice. Dig Dis 2018; 37:11-20. [PMID: 30205400 DOI: 10.1159/000493121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although evidence for the short- to medium-term efficacy of adalimumab in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients is emerging, there are a limited number of reports on the long-term efficacy of adalimumab. This study was to understand baseline demographic features, which potentially could be risk factors for relapse or colectomy following induction of remission by adalimumab in UC patients. Additionally, factors affecting long-term outcomes were to be identified. METHODS Twenty-one patients with UC who had been treated with adalimumab were reviewed retrospectively. Comparative analyses were undertaken by factoring steroid withdrawal versus non-withdrawal, long-term remission versus relapse following remission, and requiring surgical intervention for UC versus surgery-free. RESULTS Adalimumab treatment was associated with steroid tapering in steroid-dependent cases in the long term. Of the 14 patients in whom clinical remission was achieved, the cumulative nonrelapse survival rate at 350 weeks was 43.8% and the cumulative nonoperative survival rate was 85.7%. Risk factors for surgery included intolerance to salicylates (p = 0.005) and past treatment with tacrolimus (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Adalimumab treatment was associated with long-term efficacy in patients with mild UC - patients achieved a high cumulative nonoperative survival rate over a long period of time, beyond 6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sugimoto
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu,
| | - Kentaro Ikeya
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masaichi Kato
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ai Matsuura
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Watanabe
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takano
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shinya Tani
- Centre for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Centre for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanai
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Yamamoto T, Iida T, Ikeya K, Kato M, Matsuura A, Tamura S, Takano R, Tani S, Osawa S, Sugimoto K, Shimoyama T, Hanai H. A multicenter retrospective study aiming to identify patients who respond well to adsorptive granulomonocytapheresis in moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2018; 9:170. [PMID: 29977035 PMCID: PMC6033883 DOI: 10.1038/s41424-018-0037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Adsorptive granulomonocytapheresis (GMA) with the Adacolumn has been introduced as a non-pharmacologic treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC). However, a subset of patients who might respond well to GMA needs to be targeted. This study was conducted at three IBD centers to determine factors affecting the efficacy of GMA in patients with moderately-to-severely active UC. Methods From January 2008 to December 2017, a total of 894 active episodes (first attack or relapse) in 593 patients were treated with GMA. Clinical remission was defined as normal stool frequency and no rectal bleeding. Multiple clinical and laboratory parameters at entry were considered for efficacy assessment. Results Clinical remission was achieved during 422 (47%) of the 894 treatment cases. In the multivariate analysis, predictors for favorable response to GMA were age ≤60 years, UC duration <1 year, Mayo endoscopic subscore 2 (vs. 3), steroid naïve UC, and biologic naïve UC. Clinical remission rate was 70% in patients with four of the five factors, 52% in patients with three factors, 46% in patients with two factors, 39% in patients with one factor, and 18% in patients with none of these factors. Overall, the clinical remission rate was significantly higher in patients with a greater number of the five predictors (P < 0.0001). Conclusions GMA appeared to be effective in steroid naïve and biologic naïve patients with short duration of UC. Elderly patients (>60 years) and those with severe endoscopic activity did not respond well to GMA. Additional, well designed, prospective, controlled trials should strengthen our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Yamamoto
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Yokkaichi Hazu Medical Center, Yokkaichi, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Iida
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ikeya
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masaichi Kato
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ai Matsuura
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takano
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shinya Tani
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimoyama
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Yokkaichi Hazu Medical Center, Yokkaichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanai
- Center for Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, Hamamatsu South Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Tanida S, Takata N, Takano R, Sakon A, Ueto T, Shiraki K, Kadota K, Tozuka Y, Ishigai M. Cocrystal structure design for CH5134731 based on isomorphism. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01878a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystal engineering approach based on isomorphism succeeded in crystallizing a pharmaceutical cocrystal in the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Tanida
- Research Division
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- Gotemba
- Japan
| | - N. Takata
- Research Division
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- Gotemba
- Japan
| | - R. Takano
- Research Division
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- Gotemba
- Japan
| | - A. Sakon
- Research Division
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- Gotemba
- Japan
| | - T. Ueto
- Research Division
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- Gotemba
- Japan
| | - K. Shiraki
- Research Division
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- Gotemba
- Japan
| | - K. Kadota
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Takatsuki
- Japan
| | - Y. Tozuka
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Takatsuki
- Japan
| | - M. Ishigai
- Research Division
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd
- Gotemba
- Japan
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Tateyama M, Konno M, Takano R, Chida K, Rikimaru H, Chida K. Incidence of a dangerous misalignment of tracheostomy tubes in patients with advanced neuromuscular disorders. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Oishi S, Takano R, Tamura S, Tani S, Iwaizumi M, Hamaya Y, Takagaki K, Nagata T, Seto S, Horii T, Osawa S, Furuta T, Miyajima H, Sugimoto K. M2 polarization of murine peritoneal macrophages induces regulatory cytokine production and suppresses T-cell proliferation. Immunology 2016; 149:320-328. [PMID: 27421990 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow-derived macrophages are divided into two phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets, M1 and M2 macrophages. Recently, it was shown that adoptive transfer of M2-polarized peritoneal macrophages reduced the severity of experimental colitis in mice. However, it is still unclear whether peritoneal macrophages possess the same ability to be polarized to cells with functionally different phenotypes and cytokine production patterns as bone-marrow-derived macrophages. To address this question, we examined the ability of peritoneal macrophages to be polarized to the M1 and M2 phenotypes and determined the specific cytokine profiles of cells with each phenotype. We showed that peritoneal macrophages, as well as bone-marrow-derived macrophages, were differentiated into M1 and M2 phenotypes following stimulation with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)/IL-13, respectively. Following in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, M2-polarized peritoneal macrophages predominantly expressed T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines and regulatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-13, transforming growth factor-β and IL-10, whereas M1-polarized peritoneal macrophages expressed negligible amounts of Th1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines. ELISA showed that M2-polarized peritoneal macrophages produced significantly more IL-10 than M1-polarized peritoneal macrophages. Notably, M2-polarized peritoneal macrophages contributed more to the suppression of T-cell proliferation than did M1-polarized peritoneal macrophages. The mRNA expression of Th2 cytokines, including IL-4 and IL-13, increased in T-cells co-cultured with M2-polarized macrophages. Hence, our findings showed that M2 polarization of peritoneal macrophages induced regulatory cytokine production and suppressed T-cell proliferation in vitro, and that resident peritoneal macrophages could be used as a new adoptive transfer therapy for autoimmune/inflammatory diseases after polarization to the regulatory phenotype ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Oishi
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takano
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Tani
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Moriya Iwaizumi
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hamaya
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Takagaki
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshi Nagata
- Department of Health Science, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shintaro Seto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Horii
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osawa
- Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahisa Furuta
- Centre for Clinical Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyajima
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
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Nishiyama S, Misu T, Nuriya M, Takano R, Takahashi T, Nakashima I, Yasui M, Itoyama Y, Aoki M, Fujihara K. Complement-dependent and -independent aquaporin 4-antibody-mediated cytotoxicity in human astrocytes: Pathogenetic implications in neuromyelitis optica. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 7:45-51. [PMID: 29114578 PMCID: PMC5627508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease caused by the aquaporin (AQP)-4-antibody. Pathological studies on NMO have revealed extensive astrocytic damage, as evidenced by the loss of AQP4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), specifically in perivascular regions with immunoglobulin and complement depositions, although other pathological patterns, such as a loss of AQP4 without astrocyte destruction and clasmatodendrosis, have also been observed. Previous studies have shown that complement-dependent antibody-mediated astrocyte lysis is likely a major pathomechanism in NMO. However, there are also data to suggest antibody-mediated astrocyte dysfunction in the absence of complement. Thus, the importance of complement inhibitory proteins in complement-dependent AQP4-antibody-mediated astrocyte lysis in NMO is unclear. In most of the previous studies, the complement and target cells (astrocytes or AQP4-transfected cells) were derived from different species; however, the complement inhibitory proteins that are expressed on the cell surface cannot protect themselves against complement-dependent cytolysis unless the complements and complement inhibitory proteins are from the same species. To resolve these issues, we studied human astrocytes in primary culture treated with AQP4-antibody in the presence or absence of human complement and examined the effect of complement inhibitory proteins using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Methods Purified IgG (10 mg/mL) was obtained from 5 patients with AQP4-antibody-positive NMO, 3 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and 3 healthy controls. Confluent human astrocytes transfected with Venus-M1-AQP4-cDNA were incubated with IgG (5% volume). After washing, we cultured the cells with human complements with or without heat inactivation. We observed time-lapse morphological and immunohistochemical changes using a fluorescence microscope. We also evaluated cytotoxicity using a propidium iodide (PI) kit and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Result AQP4-antibody alone caused clustering and degradation followed by endocytosis of membraneous AQP4, thereby resulting in decreased cellular adherence and the shrinkage of astrocytic processes. However, these changes were partially reversed by the removal of IgG in culture. In contrast, following the application of AQP4-antibody and non-heated human complements, the cell bodies and nuclei started to swell. At 3 h, most of the astrocytes had lost mobility and adherence and were eventually destroyed or had swollen and were then destroyed. In addition, the remaining adherent cells were mostly PI-positive, indicating necrosis. Astrocyte lysis caused by rabbit complement occurred much faster than did cell lysis with human complement. However, the cell lysis was significantly enhanced by the transfection of astrocytes with siRNA against human CD55 and CD59, which are major complement inhibitory proteins on the astrocyte membrane. AQP4-antibody-negative IgG in MS or control did not induce such changes. Conclusion Taken together, these findings suggest that both complement-dependent and complement-independent AQP4-antibody-mediated astrocytopathies may operate in NMO, potentially contributing to diverse pathological patterns. Our results also suggest that the effect of complement inhibitory proteins should be considered when evaluating AQP4-antibody-mediated cytotoxicity in AQP4-expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Nishiyama
- Departments of Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Correspondence to: Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1–1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine1–1 Seiryo-machiAoba-kuSendai980-8574Japan
| | - T. Misu
- Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - M. Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R. Takano
- Departments of Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - T. Takahashi
- Departments of Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - I. Nakashima
- Departments of Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - M. Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Itoyama
- Departments of Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - M. Aoki
- Departments of Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - K. Fujihara
- Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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13
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Takano R, Ueda T, Uejima Y, Kamei-Hayashi K, Hara S, Hirase S. Regioselectivity in Sulfation of Galactosides by Sulfuric Acid and Dicyclobexylcarbodi-imide. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 56:1413-6. [PMID: 1368947 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.56.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Methyl alpha- and beta-D-galactopyranosides and 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-3,6-anhydro-L-galactose dimethylacetal were sulfated with sulfuric acid and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as a condensation reagent. The sulfated sugars were isolated by ion-exchange chromatography, characterized, and assigned by methylation analyses. On the basis of the yield of each sulfated product that was isolated, sulfation on O-6 appeared to be predominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Takano
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan
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Nishino J, Takano R, Kamei-Hayashi K, Minakata H, Nomoto K, Hara S. Amino Acid Sequences of Trypsin Inhibitors from Oriental Pickling Melon (Cucumis melL. var.ConomonMakino) Seeds. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 56:1241-6. [PMID: 1368838 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.56.1241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Three inhibitors (CMCTI-I, II, and III) were isolated from oriental pickling melon (Cucumis melo L. var. Conomon Makino) seeds by acetone precipitation, gel filtration, and reversed phase chromatography. The amino acid sequences of these inhibitors were: [table; see text] The reactive sites (P1 and P1' sites) of these inhibitors are presumed to be the Lys-Ile indicated by an arrow, comparing them with other squash family inhibitors. All three inhibitors can inhibit lysyl endopeptidase and trypsin at the enzyme-inhibitor ratio of 1:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nishino
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan
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Hagiwara H, Takano R, Noguchi M, Taniuchi Y, Kawano K, Narita M, Yanai T. A study of lesions induced in Seriola dumerili infected naturally with Streptococcus dysgalactiae. J Comp Pathol 2011; 145:122-5. [PMID: 21453928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of disease in Seriola dumerili occurred from August to October in 2007 and 2008. The fish developed lesions of the caudal peduncle, pectoral and/or dorsal fin and the heart. The lesions were characterized by moderate to severe infarction with areas of microabscessation and multifocal granulomatous inflammation associated with the presence of Streptococcus dysgalactiae antigen. This is the first report to describe the immunohistology of the lesions induced in S. dumerili following natural infection with S. dysgalactiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hagiwara
- Advanced Technology Development Center, Kyoritsu Seiyaku Corporation, Takamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-1252, Japan.
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Hagiwara H, Takano R, Noguchi N, Narita M. Lesions Induced in Seriola dumerili Following Exposure to Streptococcus dysgalactiae by Oral Treatment or Immersion. J Comp Pathol 2010; 143:262-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2009] [Revised: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Takano R, Misu T, Takahashi T, Sato S, Fujihara K, Itoyama Y. Astrocytic damage is far more severe than demyelination in NMO: A clinical CSF biomarker study. Neurology 2010; 75:208-16. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e2414b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
This brief report deals with six cases of leprosy in which cyanocuprol has been administered with what appear to be beneficial effects. The treatment is being continued in still other cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Takano
- Kitasato Institute for Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Misu T, Takano R, Fujihara K, Takahashi T, Sato S, Itoyama Y. Marked increase in cerebrospinal fluid glial fibrillar acidic protein in neuromyelitis optica: an astrocytic damage marker. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 80:575-7. [PMID: 19372295 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.150698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a neurological inflammatory disease associated with autoimmunity to aquaporin 4, predominantly localised in astrocytic foot processes. Recent studies have revealed that loss of aquaporin 4 and glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP) is a prominent feature of NMO lesions, suggesting astrocytic impairment. OBJECTIVE To reveal a useful clinical biomarker of NMO. METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were carried out for astrocytic markers GFAP and S100B in CSFs, obtained from the patients with NMO (n = 10) and multiple sclerosis (MS) (n = 10) manifesting acute myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) (n = 3), spinal infarction (n = 3), and other neurological diseases (OND) (n = 5). RESULTS The CSF-GFAP levels during relapse in NMO (7666.0 (SD 15 266.5) ng/ml) were significantly over several thousand times higher than those in MS (0.7 (1.5)) or OND (0.6 (0.3)), and considerably higher than those in spinal infarction (354.7 (459.0)) and ADEM (0.4 (0.2)). They returned close to normal levels along with clinical improvement soon after corticosteroid therapy in NMO. There were strong correlations between the CSF-GFAP or S100B levels and expanded disability status scales or spinal lesion length in NMO (r>0.9). CONCLUSIONS CSF-GFAP and S100B may be clinically useful biomarkers in NMO, and astrocytic damage is strongly suggested in the acute phase of NMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Misu
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aobaku, Sendai, Japan.
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Hagiwara H, Takano R, Noguchi M, Narita M. A Study of the Lesions Induced in Seriola dumerili by Intradermal or Intraperitoneal Injection of Streptococcus dysgalactiae. J Comp Pathol 2009; 140:25-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2008.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 09/03/2008] [Accepted: 09/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Takahashi T, Miyazawa I, Misu T, Takano R, Nakashima I, Fujihara K, Tobita M, Itoyama Y. Intractable hiccup and nausea in neuromyelitis optica with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody: a herald of acute exacerbations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79:1075-8. [PMID: 18420727 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.145391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intractable hiccup and nausea (IHN) are unique symptoms in neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Recent studies have strongly suggested that the pathogenesis of NMO is closely associated with anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody. However, clinical implications of IHN and the relationship with anti-AQP4 antibody remain unknown. METHODS The past medical records of 35 patients with seropositivity for anti-AQP4 antibody were reviewed. We also followed the titres of anti-AQP4 antibody in a patient with NMO, who had newly developed IHN. RESULTS Of the 35 patients, 15 patients (43%) had episodes of IHN. There was a total of 35 episodes of IHN in these 15 patients and, of the 35 episodes, hiccup was seen in 23 episodes (66%) and nausea was seen in 28 episodes (80%). The IHN frequently preceded (54%) or accompanied (29%) myelitis or optic neuritis. The IHN was often preceded by an episode of viral infection. The titres of anti-AQP4 antibody were remarkably increased when the intractable hiccup appeared in a case. CONCLUSIONS IHN could be a clinical marker for the early phase of an exacerbation. Careful observation may be needed when INH is seen in patients with NMO, and the early initiation of the treatment could prevent subsequent neurological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
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Yagi K, Ogawa K, Kanemaru T, Joichi K, Kunizawa N, Takano R. Optical rejuvenating makeup using an innovative shape-controlled hybrid powder. Int J Cosmet Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2494.2007.00340_3.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yamako G, Takano R, Tokunaga K, Endo N, Hara T. Bone quality after osteonecrosis of the rat femoral head. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)84925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Taniguchi M, Kamei K, Kanaori K, Koyama T, Yasui T, Takano R, Harada S, Tajima K, Imada C, Hara S. Relationship between temporary inhibition and structure of disulfide-linkage analogs of marinostatin, a natural ester-linked protein protease inhibitor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 66:49-58. [PMID: 16000118 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.2005.00271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 12-residue marinostatin [MST(1-12): (1)FATMRYPSDSDE(12)] which contains two ester linkages of Thr(3)-Asp(9) and Ser(8)-Asp(11) strongly inhibits subtilisin. In order to study the relationship between the inhibitory activity, structure, and stability of MST, MST analogs were prepared by changing ester linkages to a disulfide linkages. The analogs without the disulfide linkage between 3 and 9 positions lost their inhibitory activity. The K(i) value of 1SS(C(3)-C(9)) ((1)FACMRYPSCSDE(12)), which has a single disulfide linkage of Cys(3)-Cys(9) was comparable with those of MST(1-12) and MST-2SS ((1)FACMRYPCCSCE(12)), a doubly linked analog of Cys(3)-Cys(9) and Cys(8)-Cys(11). However, 1SS(C(3)-C(9)) and MST-2SS showed temporary inhibition, but not MST(1-12): These analogs were inactivated after incubation with subtilisin for 30 min, and were specifically hydrolyzed at the reactive site. (1)H NMR study showed that 1SS(C(3)-C(9)) has two conformations, which contain a cis- (70%) or trans- (30%) Pro residue, while MST-2SS as well as MST(1-12) takes a single conformation containing only a cis-Pro residue. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange rate of the Arg(5) (P1') NH proton of the MST analogs was about 100 times faster than that of MST(1-12). These results indicate that the linkage between the positions 8 and 11 plays a role for fixing the cis-conformation of the Pro(7) residue, and that the linkage between 3 and 9 is indispensable for the inhibition, but not enough for stable protease-inhibitor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Takahashi T, Aoki M, Tateyama M, Kondo E, Mizuno T, Onodera Y, Takano R, Kawai H, Kamakura K, Mochizuki H, Shizuka-Ikeda M, Nakagawa M, Yoshida Y, Akanuma J, Hoshino K, Saito H, Nishizawa M, Kato S, Saito K, Miyachi T, Yamashita H, Kawai M, Matsumura T, Kuzuhara S, Ibi T, Sahashi K, Nakai H, Kohnosu T, Nonaka I, Arahata K, Brown RH, Saito H, Itoyama Y. Dysferlin mutations in Japanese Miyoshi myopathy: relationship to phenotype. Neurology 2003; 60:1799-804. [PMID: 12796534 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000068333.43005.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study dysferlin gene mutations and genotype-phenotype correlations in Japanese patients with Miyoshi myopathy (MM). BACKGROUND MM is an autosomal recessive distal muscular dystrophy that arises from mutations in the dysferlin gene. This gene is also mutated in families with limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B. METHODS The authors examined 25 Japanese patients with MM. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral lymphocytes of the patients. The PCR products of each of 55 exons were screened by single strand conformation polymorphism or direct sequencing from the PCR fragments. RESULTS The authors identified 16 different mutations in 20 patients with MM; 10 were novel. Mutations in Japanese patients are distributed along the entire length of the gene. CONCLUSIONS Four mutations (C1939G, G3370T, 3746delG, and 4870delT) are relatively more prevalent in this population, accounting for 60% of the mutations in this study. This study revealed that the G3370T mutation was associated with milder forms of MM and the G3510A mutation was associated with a more severe form.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Nishizawa T, Iida H, Takano R, Isshiki T, Nakajima K, Muroga K. Genetic relatedness among Japanese, American and European isolates of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) based on partial G and P genes. Dis Aquat Organ 2002; 48:143-148. [PMID: 12005236 DOI: 10.3354/dao048143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Molecular virological analyses of 8 Japanese VHSV (viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) isolates from wild and farmed Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus were performed to investigate their genetic relatedness to American and European isolates of VHSV. Phylogenetic analyses based on the partial nucleotide sequences of G and P genes revealed that there are 2 genogroups of VHSV in Japan. The first one represented by the Obama25 isolate is closely related to the American isolates (Genogroup I) while the other, the KRRV9601 isolate, is closely related to the traditional European isolates (Genogroup III). The 2 types of Japanese VHSV showed differences in the relative mobility of the G protein and intensity of the antibody reaction on the P and M proteins. The Obama25 type of VHSV is widely distributed as a native virus in the coastal areas of western Japan and has been responsible for the occurrence of VHSV infection in farmed Japanese flounder while the KRRV9601 isolate is considered to have been introduced from a foreign country.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nishizawa
- Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of latanoprost and unoprostone on the intraocular pressure (IOP) and on the tonographic outflow facility in glaucoma patients when used alone or in combination. DESIGN Open label randomized clinical study. METHODS Fifty-two patients (52 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma were randomly divided into two groups. One group initially received only latanoprost 0.005% once daily and the other group, only unoprostone 0.12% twice daily. The study period was 12 weeks: in the first 6 weeks, latanoprost or unoprostone was given as monotherapy, and in the last 6 weeks, patients received both drugs. IOP was measured every 2 weeks by one investigator masked to the medication received by patients during the study period in the same hour as on the baseline day. At Weeks 0, 6, and 12, the coefficient of aqueous outflow was measured by tonography. RESULTS With latanoprost monotherapy, the baseline IOP of 22.9 +/- 2.4 mm Hg (mean +/- SD) decreased to 16.9 +/- 2.1 mm Hg (P<.01). When unoprostone was added to latanoprost, the IOP remained at 16.7 +/- 2.5 mm Hg. With unoprostone monotherapy, the baseline IOP of 22.7 +/- 2.1 mm Hg decreased to 19.4 +/- 2.4 mm Hg (P<.01). When latanoprost was added to unoprostone, the IOP decreased to 16.8 +/- 1.7 mm Hg (P<.01). There was no significant change in the coefficient of aqueous outflow with monotherapy or the combined use of the drugs. CONCLUSIONS The combination of latanoprost and unoprostone does not result in a more potent hypotensive effect than latanoprost alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Saito
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, Hachioji Medical Center, 1163 Tatemachi Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan.
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Takano R, Ando Y, Taniguchi N, Itoh K, Asano Y. Power Doppler sonography of the kidney: effect of Valsalva's maneuver. J Clin Ultrasound 2001; 29:384-388. [PMID: 11579400 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been reported that an intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) above 15 mm Hg may cause oliguria and that an IAP above 25 mm Hg may cause anuria. Because Valsalva's maneuver yields an IAP exceeding 180 mm Hg, it is presumed to affect renal perfusion. We evaluated the ability of power Doppler sonography to depict the changes in renal blood flow during Valsalva's maneuver. METHODS Seven healthy men aged 21-24 years and 1 50-year-old man with massive ascites participated in the study. With each healthy subject lying in a supine position, longitudinal power Doppler sonograms of the kidney were obtained and analyzed semiquantitatively during Valsalva's maneuver. Also, in the patient with massive ascites, power Doppler sonography was performed before and after paracentesis. RESULTS Along with an increase in IAP, monitored as expiratory pressure during Valsalva's maneuver, power Doppler signals decreased as indicated by both visual impression and computer scores. In the patient with massive ascites, signal intensity increased after paracentesis. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that an increase in IAP within the physiologic range affects renal perfusion and that power Doppler sonography depicts semiquantitatively the change in renal blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Takano
- Department of Nephrology, Jichi Medical School Hospital, Yakushiji 3311-1, Minamikawachi-machi, Kawachi-gun, Tochigi 329-0431, Japan
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Ogose A, Hotta T, Inoue Y, Sakata S, Takano R, Yamamura S. Myxoid liposarcoma metastatic to the thoracic epidural space without bone involvement: report of two cases. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2001; 31:447-9. [PMID: 11689600 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hye094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxoid liposarcoma can frequently metastasize to extrapulmonary sites. We present two cases of myxoid liposarcoma metastatic to the epidural space. Both patients complained of back pain, but plain radiography revealed no abnormality. MR imaging clearly demonstrated metastatic tumors in the epidural space, but no involvement of vertebra. When patients with myxoid liposarcoma complain of back pain, metastasis in the epidural space should be considered even in patients without bone involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ogose
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.
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30
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Case report. OBJECTIVE To point out that presacral schwannoma can display markedly cystic degeneration. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Benign schwannoma sometimes displays degenerative changes, such as cyst formation, calcification, hemorrhage, and hyalinization. Usually these degenerations are partially seen in the tumors. METHODS Medical history, physical findings, imaging features, and histologic findings were reviewed in a case with a large presacral schwannoma. RESULTS A 62-year-old woman presented with an 18-month history of right sciatic pain. Magnetic resonance images detected a large cystic, presacral tumor. Initially the tumor was misdiagnosed as a cystic ovarian tumor. Preoperative diagnostic workup led to the diagnosis of cystic schwannoma. Intralesional curettage achieved good pain relief. CONCLUSIONS This tumor was unusual in its totally cystic appearance and resemblance to a cystic ovarian tumor or anterior sacral meningocele. Preoperative diagnosis is important to prevent major neurologic deficit at surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ogose
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
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31
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Kamei K, Wu X, Xu X, Minami K, Huy NT, Takano R, Kato H, Hara S. The analysis of heparin-protein interactions using evanescent wave biosensor with regioselectively desulfated heparins as the ligands. Anal Biochem 2001; 295:203-13. [PMID: 11488623 DOI: 10.1006/abio.2001.5193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Evanescent wave biosensor has been recently employed as a powerful tool for analyses of macromolecular interactions. In the present study, evanescent wave biosensor analysis was developed to analyze the heparin-protein interaction using as ligands a series of heparin derivatives regioselectively desulfated by chemical methods, particularly to evaluate the effect of each sulfate group of heparin. The method for immobilizing heparin on the cuvette of the evanescent wave biosensor equipment was optimized to obtain the high response required for accurate measurement. The best result was achieved when the amino group introduced at the reducing end of heparin was coupled with carboxymethyl dextran on the surface of the cuvette using glycolchitosan as a multivalent linker. The established system appeared to describe well the interactions of heparin with such proteins as acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors and tissue factor pathway inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamei
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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Hisahara S, Takano R, Shoji S, Okano H, Miura M. Role of caspase-1 subfamily in cytotoxic cytokine-induced oligodendrocyte cell death. J Neural Transm Suppl 2001:135-42. [PMID: 11128603 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6284-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are myelin forming cells in mammalian central nervous system. About 50% of oligodendrocytes (OLGs) undergo cell death in normal development. In addition, OLG cell deaths have been observed in demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). Clinical observations and in vitro cell culture studies have suggested that cytokines mediate OLG cell damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). Among the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is thought to be one of the mediators responsible for the damage of OLGs in MS. The administration of TNF-alpha to primary cultures of OLGs induced DNA fragmentation, and significantly decreased the number of live OLGs. Chemical inhibitors Ac-YVAD-CHO (a specific inhibitor of caspase-1 (ICE)-like proteases) enhanced the survival of TNF-alpha treated OLGs better than Ac-DEVD-CHO (a specific inhibitor of caspase-3 (CPP32)-like proteases). These results indicate that caspase-1-mediated cell-death pathway are activated in TNF-induced OLG cell death. Caspase-11 is involved in activation of caspase-1. Oligodendrocytes from caspase-11-deficient mice are partially resistant to TNF-induced OLG cell death. Our results suggest that the inhibition of caspase-1 sufamily may be a novel therapeutic approach to treat MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hisahara
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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33
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Wu X, Kamei K, Sato H, Sato SI, Takano R, Ichida M, Mori H, Hara S. High-level expression of human acidic fibroblast growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) using recombinant baculovirus. Protein Expr Purif 2001; 21:192-200. [PMID: 11162406 DOI: 10.1006/prep.2000.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A hybrid of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus and Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus, which is infectious to both Spodoptera frugiperda and Bombyx mori, was prepared in our previous study. Two recombinant hybrid baculoviruses, carrying cDNAs of human acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors, respectively, were successfully constructed in this study, for the large-scale production of human aFGF and bFGF using silkworm as host. These recombinant viruses were used to inoculate silkworm larvae. After the infection, the recombinant proteins were not found in the hemolymph. Such nonsecretion from cells has also been observed in the established insect cell lines, Sf21 and Tn-5. Tissue distribution analysis indicated that the expressed products were mainly located in fat body and the production of the recombinant aFGF and bFGF was maximal at around 80 h postinfection. Therefore, silkworm larvae infected with recombinant viruses were dissected and fat bodies were collected for the purification of recombinant aFGF and bFGF. The expression levels in both cases were estimated to be as high as approximately 600-700 microg per larva. Furthermore, the recombinant proteins were characterized and their biological activities were evaluated by in vitro bioassay using cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wu
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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34
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Toshima K, Takai S, Maeda Y, Takano R, Matsumura S. Chemical Synthesis and DNA Photocleavage of the Intercalator-Carbohydrate Hybrid Moiety of the Neocarzinostatin Chromophore This research was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture, Japan, and a research grant of Keio University Special Grant-in-Aid for Innovative Collaborative Research Projects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000; 39:3656-3658. [PMID: 11091429 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20001016)39:20<3656::aid-anie3656>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Toshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 (Japan)
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35
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Kariya Y, Kyogashima M, Suzuki K, Isomura T, Sakamoto T, Horie K, Ishihara M, Takano R, Kamei K, Hara S. Preparation of completely 6-O-desulfated heparin and its ability to enhance activity of basic fibroblast growth factor. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:25949-58. [PMID: 10837484 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m004140200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although regioselective removal of 6-O-sulfate groups of heparin has been undertaken by several researchers, complete 6-O-desulfation with little side reaction has not been attained successfully. In this work, a modified method with a certain silylating reagent, N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide, has been established to produce completely 6-O-desulfated heparin with few other chemical changes. The degrees of 6-O-desulfation were estimated by means of chemical disaccharide analyses and/or (13)C NMR spectra. Although the completely 6-O-desulfated heparin lost about 20% of 2-O-sulfate groups, any other chemical changes and depolymerization were not detected. The completely 6-O-desulfated heparin displayed strong inhibition of COS-1 cell adhesion to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-coated well in a dose-dependent manner, as was clarified by the competitive cell-adhesion assay. Furthermore, the completely 6-O-desulfated heparin was shown to promote in vitro A31 fibroblast proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of bFGF. These results suggest that signal transduction through bFGF/bFGF receptor in A31 cells occurs in the absence of 6-O-sulfate groups in heparin. The involvement of 6-O-sulfate group(s) of heparin/heparan sulfate in the promotion of bFGF mitogenic activity was reported by several groups. This discrepancy between our results and those of other groups would be due to the differences in molecular size of heparin/heparan sulfate derivatives and/or cell species used for the assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kariya
- Tokyo Research Institute, Seikagaku Corporation, 3-1253 Tateno, Higashiyamato, Tokyo 207-0021, Japan.
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36
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Kamei K, Sato S, Hamato N, Takano R, Ohshima K, Yamamoto R, Nishino T, Kato H, Hara S. Effect of P(2)' site tryptophan and P(20)' site deletion of Momordica charantia trypsin inhibitor II on inhibition of proteinases. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000; 1480:6-12. [PMID: 11004551 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4838(00)00102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Momordica charantia trypsin inhibitor II (MCTI-II) inhibits the amidolytic activity of factor Xa with a K(i) value 10-100-fold smaller than those of other squash family inhibitors. It also inhibits factor X activation mediated by factor VIIa-tissue factor complex or factor IXa. Comparison of other squash family inhibitors reveal Trp at position 7 (P(2)') and a deletion at position 25 (P(20)') are characteristics of MCTI-II. In order to elucidate the effect of these positions on the inhibitory activity, we chemically synthesized three inhibitors: S-MCTI-II whose amino acid sequence is identical to natural MCTI-II, S-MCTI-II(7L) whose P(2)'(Trp) is substituted with Leu, and S-MCTI-II(25N) whose P(20)'(deletion) is filled with Asn. The dissociation constants of the complexes of human factor Xa with S-MCTI-II, S-MCTI-II(7L), and S-MCTI-II(25N) were 1.3x10(-6) M, 2.8x10(-5) M, and 7.3x10(-6) M, respectively. They inhibited factor X activation mediated by factor VIIa with the same degree. As in the case of natural MCTI-II, S-MCTI-II suppressed factor X activation mediated by factor IXa, while S-MCTI-II(7L) and S-MCTI-II(25N) did not. Both the Trp at the P(2)' position and deletion at the P(20)' position are thus likely required for the inhibition of factor Xa, trypsin, and factor IXa, while these two positions do not affect factor X activation initiated by the factor VIIa-tissue factor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamei
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, Japan
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37
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Sato H, Nakajima K, Maeno Y, Kamaishi T, Kamata T, Mori H, Kamei K, Takano R, Kudo K, Hara S. Expression of YAV proteins and vaccination against viral ascites among cultured juvenile yellowtail. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64:1494-9. [PMID: 10945269 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Yellowtail ascites virus (YAV) is a member of the family Birnaviridae and causes viral ascites among juvenile yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata). We have reported the cloning and expression of two viral cDNAs, the first being segment A encoding a polyprotein of viral capsid proteins (VP2 and VP3) and a protease (NS), and the second being VP2-epitope encoding serotype-specific epitope region on VP2, using a baculovirus expression system. Another viral cDNA encoding a polyprotein of NS and VP3 was cloned and expressed in this study. For the expression of NS/VP3 (YAV nt 1626 to 3066) in insect cells a 31-kDa protein, corresponding to VP3 was detected, indicating an appropriate posttranslational processing of NS/VP3 polypeptide by NS protease itself. The analysis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of this protein showed that NS protease may cleave an Ala-Ser bond. A study of the potential for vaccination of yellowtail fry by injection of insect cell lysates infected with baculovirus, containing either cDNA of segment A, VP2-epitope, or NS/VP3 was undertaken. Only a vaccination with cell lysates infected with a recombinant virus carrying the full length of YAV segment A gene demonstrated approximately the same effect as that of inactivated YAV. This result suggested that all proteins VP2, VP3, and NS are required for an effective vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sato
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan
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38
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Takano R, Hisahara S, Namikawa K, Kiyama H, Okano H, Miura M. Nerve growth factor protects oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced injury through Akt-mediated signaling mechanisms. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:16360-5. [PMID: 10748222 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m910419199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is thought to be one of the most important inflammatory cytokines associated with the demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis. We determined whether neurotrophins could protect oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated cytotoxicity. Among the neurotrophins tested, nerve growth factor was most effective at preventing cell death. Nerve growth factor also prevented the tumor necrosis factor-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Overexpression of constitutively active Akt, a downstream target of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, but not of constitutively active MEK, protected oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor-induced injury. Moreover, overexpression of dominant-negative Akt negated the protective effects of nerve growth factor on tumor necrosis factor-mediated oligodendrocyte cytotoxicity. These findings indicate that the Akt pathway is crucial in nerve growth factor-mediated oligodendrocyte protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Takano
- Division of Neuroanatomy and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Araki T, Shibata M, Takano R, Hisahara S, Imamura SI, Fukuuchi Y, Saruta T, Okano H, Miura M. Conditional expression of anti-apoptotic protein p35 by Cre-mediated DNA recombination in cardiomyocytes from loxP-p35-transgenic mice. Cell Death Differ 2000; 7:485-92. [PMID: 10800082 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
p35, a viral inhibitor of caspase, prevents cell death induced by various stimuli. We established an experimental system to study the involvement of caspases in cell death, using primary cultured cells from p35 transgenic mice in which the p35 open reading frame (ORF) had been disrupted by the insertion of a DNA segment flanked by loxP sites, the Cre recognition sites. In this system, p35 expression can be initiated by Cre recombinase. Cardiomyocytes, which are highly sensitive to hypoxic stress, were infected with an adenovirus carrying the cre gene (AxCANCre). Expression of p35 by infection with AxCANCre resulted in inhibition of caspase-3 activation and resistance to hypoxia-induced cell death. Hypoxia-induced cytochrome c release was also attenuated in p35-expressing cardiomyocytes. Our transgenic mice can be used as an experimental model for studying the involvement of caspases in various degenerative diseases as well as programmed cell death both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Araki
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Sato S, Kamei K, Taniguchi M, Sato H, Takano R, Mori H, Ichida M, Hara S. Cloning and expression of the Momordica charantia trypsin inhibitor II gene in silkworm by using a baculovirus vector. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64:393-8. [PMID: 10737198 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
MCTI-II (Momordica charantia trypsin inhibitor II) isolated from bitter gourd (Momordica charantia LINN.) seeds is one of the serine protease inhibitors of the squash family. We cloned cDNA that encodes MCTI-II and constructed an expression system for MCTI-II by using a baculovirus vector. The recombinant baculovirus was inoculated to early fifth-instar larvae of the silkworm (strain: Shunrei x Shougetsu). Four days after infection, the hemolymph of silkworm larvae was collected and the recombinant protein was purified. Two kinds of expressed MCTI-II protein were obtained. An amino acid sequence analysis of the two proteins indicates that both were similar to the authentic inhibitor, except for the addition of a tripeptide derived from the vector at the N-terminus. One of the two inhibitors (MCTI-II A) resulted in a single PTH-amino acid in each Edman degradation cycle, while the other (MCTI-II B) resulted in two PTH-amino acids, suggesting the occurrence of cleavage of the reactive site. The inhibitory activities of MCTI-II expressed toward trypsin are examined in terms of the Ki value, these being 6.4 x 10(-10)M for MCTI-II A and 5.2 x 10(-10) M for MCTI-II B.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sato
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Japan
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Sato H, Emoto E, Kamata T, Mori H, Kamei K, Kitaoka A, Takano R, Nakajima K, Inui Y, Kudo K, Hara S. Cloning and expression of yellowtail ascites virus segment A. Arch Virol 1999; 144:1405-13. [PMID: 10481746 DOI: 10.1007/s007050050596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
cDNA of yellowtail ascites virus (YAV) segment A encoding a polyprotein of VP2, NS, and VP3 has been cloned. Comparison of the nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequences showed very high homology between YAV and other aquatic birnaviruses. The two small open reading frames (VP5) besides the 5' terminus of the VP2 gene were found on segment A of YAV. Proteins encoded by cDNAs from segment A and the serotype-specific epitope region on VP2 were expressed using a baculovirus vector. Western blot analysis confirmed that a polyprotein was expressed and processed into VP2 and VP3 in insect cells infected with the recombinant baculovirus containing the complete polyprotein coding region. In the case of expression in silkworm larvae, only VP3 was detected in hemocytes and fat body of silkworm larvae infected with the recombinant virus. The recombinant fusion protein consisting of VP2 epitope region and polyhedrin was expressed in insect cells and cross-reacted with a mouse monoclonal antibody against VP2 which had a neutralizing activity to YAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sato
- Kyoto Institue of Technology, Japan
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van der Horst GT, Muijtjens M, Kobayashi K, Takano R, Kanno S, Takao M, de Wit J, Verkerk A, Eker AP, van Leenen D, Buijs R, Bootsma D, Hoeijmakers JH, Yasui A. Mammalian Cry1 and Cry2 are essential for maintenance of circadian rhythms. Nature 1999; 398:627-30. [PMID: 10217146 DOI: 10.1038/19323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 977] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Many biochemical, physiological and behavioural processes show circadian rhythms which are generated by an internal time-keeping mechanism referred to as the biological clock. According to rapidly developing models, the core oscillator driving this clock is composed of an autoregulatory transcription-(post) translation-based feedback loop involving a set of 'dock' genes. Molecular clocks do not oscillate with an exact 24-hour rhythmicity but are entrained to solar day/night rhythms by light. The mammalian proteins Cryl and Cry2, which are members of the family of plant blue-light receptors (cryptochromes) and photolyases, have been proposed as candidate light receptors for photoentrainment of the biological clock. Here we show that mice lacking the Cryl or Cry2 protein display accelerated and delayed free-running periodicity of locomotor activity, respectively. Strikingly, in the absence of both proteins, an instantaneous and complete loss of free-running rhythmicity is observed. This suggests that, in addition to a possible photoreceptor and antagonistic clock-adjusting function, both proteins are essential for the maintenance of circadian rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T van der Horst
- MGC, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Proteins with affinity to heparin under physiological conditions were isolated from bovine cerebral cortex. First, the extract of cerebral cortex was applied to a chondroitin polysulfate column under physiological conditions. Then, the pass-through fraction was applied to a heparin column. Among the bands on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the fraction bound to the heparin column, the major one was identified as fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FPA), a cytosolic enzyme involved in the glycolytic pathway. The results indicated that FPA is a heparin-binding protein which exhibits no affinity to chondroitin polysulfate. The results of affinity chromatographies revealed that FPA binds to intact heparin and modified heparins desulfated at C2 OH of the iduronic acid residue or at C6 OH or C2 NH2 of the glucosamine residue. When 6-O-desulfated heparin was employed as the affinity ligand, a single peak having FPA activity was isolated from the extract of bovine cerebral cortex. By further Mono Q chromatography and Superdex gel-filtration, five isoenzymes were purified with more than 50% recovery. These isoenzymes were identified as FPA A4, A3C1, A2C2, A1C3, and C4 by native electrophoresis with and without 4 M urea and subsequent amino acid sequence analysis. The use of 6-O-desulfated heparin affinity chromatography thus facilitated the purification of FPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Ta
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
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Ye Z, Takano R, Hayashi K, Ta TV, Kato H, Kamikubo Y, Nakahara Y, Kumeda K, Hara S. Structural requirements of human tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and heparin for TFPI-heparin interaction. Thromb Res 1998; 89:263-70. [PMID: 9669748 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(98)00017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heparin affinity chromatography of synthetic peptide fragments mimicking tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) indicated that the minimal heparin binding sequence consists of 12 amino acid residues located at the C-terminal tail. Within this minimal sequence, Arg-257 and Arg-259 appeared to contribute most significantly to interaction with heparin. Affinity chromatography of TFPI using immobilized heparin derivatives regiospecifically desulfated at O-6 of the glucosamine residue, N-2 of the glucosamine residue, and/or O-2 of the iduronic acid residue indicated that all the sulfate groups in heparin appeared to be required for TFPI-heparin interaction. Among them, however, the 6-O-sulfate groups appeared to make the largest contribution to the interaction, while the 2-O-sulfate groups contributed the least. In vitro experiments on the inhibition of factor Xa by TFPI enhanced with native and chemically modified heparins afforded similar results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan
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Hayashi K, Inoue Y, Shiga M, Sato S, Takano R, Hirayae K, Hibi T, Hara S. Pectinolytic enzymes from Pseudomonas marginalis MAFF 03-01173. Phytochemistry 1997; 45:1359-1363. [PMID: 9237399 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(97)00191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Two pectinolytic enzymes were purified from the culture broth of Pseudomonas marginalis pv. marginalis MAFF 03-01173 with total 33% recovery of the initial activity. From the substrate specificities against pectin and polygalacturonic acid, the requirement of calcium ion for the enzymatic activity, and the N-terminal sequences, the enzymes were identified as pectin lyase and pectate lyase. The M,s of pectin lyase and pectate lyase were estimated to be 34,000 and 43,000, respectively, by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both enzymes showed almost the same pH dependent activity curves with the highest activity at pH 8.3
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan
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Pham TN, Hayashi K, Takano R, Nakazawa H, Mori H, Ichida M, Itoh M, Eguchi M, Matsubara F, Hara S. Expression of Bombyx family fungal protease inhibitor F from Bombyx mori by baculovirus vector. J Biochem 1996; 119:1080-5. [PMID: 8827441 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal protease inhibitor F (FPI-F) from silkworm hemolymph is a novel serine protease inhibitor of the Bombyx family. The cDNA of FPI-F was introduced into a baculovirus vector and a recombinant virus was isolated and plaque-purified. The protease inhibitory activities increased in the culture medium of insect cells and in the hemolymph of silkworms infected with the recombinant virus. Judged from the behavior on ion-exchange and reversed-phase chromatographies, amino acid compositions, amino-terminal sequences, and CD spectra, the recombinant FPI-F was identical with native FPI-F. Infection with the recombinant virus caused inhibition of larval development of the silkworm. However, the degree of the effect was different in two strains, Shinryukaku and Taiheichoan, indicating that the selection of the strain of silkworm is important in using the baculovirus expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institue of Technology
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Pham TN, Hayashi K, Takano R, Itoh M, Eguchi M, Shibata H, Tanaka T, Hara S. A new family of serine protease inhibitors (Bombyx family) as established from the unique topological relation between the positions of disulphide bridges and reactive site. J Biochem 1996; 119:428-34. [PMID: 8830035 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The positions of the reactive site and the disulfide bridges in fungal protease inhibitor F (FPI-F) from silkworm (Bombyx mori), which has a unique amino acid sequence and inhibitory specificity, were investigated. At pH 3.0, subtilisin BPN', which is one of target proteases of this inhibitor, specifically cleaved the peptide bond of the inhibitor at Thr(29)-Val(30). The cleaved bond was regenerated by subtilisin BPN' at pH 8.0. These results indicate that the Thr(29)-Val(30) bond of the inhibitor is the reactive site. The locations of disulfide bridges were determined to be Cys(3)-Cys(35), Cys(14)-Cys(27), Cys(18)-Cys(55), and Cys(37)-Cys(49). Based on the positions of the reactive site and the disulfide bridges, FPI-F is considered to be a member of a new family of serine protease inhibitors. We propose the designation Bombyx family for the new inhibitor family of which FPI-F is a member.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology
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Ishihara M, Takano R, Kanda T, Hayashi K, Hara S, Kikuchi H, Yoshida K. Importance of 6-O-sulfate groups of glucosamine residues in heparin for activation of FGF-1 and FGF-2. J Biochem 1995; 118:1255-60. [PMID: 8720143 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a125015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of the pyridinium salts of heparin with N-methyltrimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide (MTSTFA) in pyridine for 2 h at various temperatures caused specific 6-O-desulfations from trisulfated disaccharide units to various degrees without detectable depolymerization or other chemical changes. In order to assess the importance of 6-O-sulfate groups in N-sulfated glucosamine (GlcNS) residues to promote FGF-1 and FGF-2 activities, various 6-O-desulfated (6-O-DS-) heparins were quantitatively examined for activity as enhancers or inhibitors of specific FGF-1- and FGF-2-induced proliferation of BALB/c3T3 clone A31 (A31) cells and the chlorate-treated cells. The present results suggested that a high content of 6-O-sulfate groups in GlcNS residues was required for activation of FGF-1, but not FGF-2. However, complete 6-O-desulfation of trisulfated disaccharide units in heparin resulted in loss of the ability to activate FGF-2, although the desulfated product bound strongly to FGF-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ishihara
- Seikagaku Corporation, Tokyo Research Institute
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Tamura A, Kitagawa M, Komatsu H, Takano R, Wakimoto J, Homma J, Nagase A, Nemoto E, Yanai N. Does an Epstein-Barr viral infection influence the pathogenesis of a primary pulmonary B-cell lymphoma? Lung 1995; 173:385-7. [PMID: 8531501 DOI: 10.1007/bf00172145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Hayashi K, Izu H, Oda K, Fukuhara K, Matsuo M, Takano R, Hara S. The primary structure of pepstatin-insensitive carboxyl proteinase produced by Pseudomonas sp. No. 101. J Biochem 1995; 118:738-44. [PMID: 8576087 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A unique carboxyl proteinase [EC 3.4.23.33] from Pseudomonas sp. No. 101 is the first example of a prokaryotic enzyme which is insensitive to the classical inhibitor, pepstatin. The primary structure of the proteinase was determined by conventional methods. Pseudomonas carboxyl proteinase consists of 370 amino acid residues with one disulfide bond. This enzyme has no homologous sequence with any other known carboxyl proteinase, including carboxyl proteinase B from Scytalidium lignicolum, which is a pepstatin-insensitive carboxyl proteinase. In addition, Pseudomonas carboxyl proteinase lacks the Asp*-Thr-Gly, Glu*-Thr-Gly, and Asp*-Thr-Ser-Gly (*indicates the catalytic residue) sequences which are known as the motif sequences around a pair of catalytic residues in carboxyl proteinases reported so far. The results strongly indicate that Pseudomonas carboxyl proteinase is a new type of carboxyl proteinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology
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