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Mun S, Lee YR, Lee J, Lee S, Yun Y, Kim J, Kwon JY, Kim WJ, Cho YM, Hong YS, Kang HG. Uncovering the health implications of abandoned mines through protein profiling of local residents. Environmental Research 2024; 252:118869. [PMID: 38580000 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Residents in areas with abandoned mines risk significant exposure to abundant heavy metals in the environment. However, current clinical indicators cannot fully reflect the health changes associated with abandoned mine exposure. The aim of this study was to identify biological changes in the residents of abandoned mine areas via proteomic analysis of their blood. Blood samples were collected from abandoned mine and control areas, and mass spectrometry was used for protein profiling. A total of 138 unique or common proteins that were differentially expressed in low-exposure abandoned mine area (LoAMA) or high-exposure abandoned mine area (HiAMA) compared to non-exposure control area (NEA) were analyzed, and identified 4 clusters based on functional similarity. Among the 10 proteins that showed specific change in LoAMA, 4 proteins(Apolipoprotein M, Apolipoprotein E, Apolipoprotein L1, and Cholesteryl ester transfer protein) were cluded in cluster 1(plasma lipoprotein remodeling), and linked to proteins that showed specific change in protein expression in HiAMA. Therefore, it is suggested that 4 proteins are changed at low exposure to an abandoned mine (or initial exposure), and then at high exposure, changes in various proteins involved in linked plasma lipoprotein remodeling are induced, which might triggered by the 4 proteins. Interestingly, in addition to plasma lipoprotein remodeling, proteins involved in other functional networks were changed in the high exposure group. These were all directly or indirectly linked to the 4 biomarkers(Apolipoprotein M, Apolipoprotein E, Apolipoprotein L1, and Cholesteryl ester transfer protein) that changed during low exposure. This suggests their potential utility in identifying areas impacted by abandoned mines. Especially, proteins involved in lipid metabolism and renal function-related diseases in individuals exposed to heavy metals in abandoned mine areas were correlated. Chronic kidney disease is predominantly instigated by cardiovascular disease and is commonly accompanied by dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora Mun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Rim Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeeun Yun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea; Busan Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Department of Nano, Chemical and Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, 02713, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seoub Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea; Busan Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Gyoo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Republic of Korea; Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea.
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Mun S, Lee YR, Lee J, Lee S, Yun Y, Kim J, Kwon JY, Kim WJ, Cho YM, Hong YS, Kang HG. Cadmium-associated protein changes in residents of contaminated areas: Abandoned mine and smelter. Environ Pollut 2024; 345:123512. [PMID: 38341060 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a serious environmental contaminant, is associated with adverse health effects. However, the specific changes that the human body experiences in response to exposure to varying concentrations of cadmium remain unknown. The high levels of heavy metal contamination, especially Cd, in abandoned mines and smelter sites make them ideal locations to investigate the physiological manifestations of Cd exposure. This study found that individuals inhabiting abandoned mine and smelter areas had higher concentrations of Cd in their urine and blood compared to those living outside these areas (i.e., the controls). Furthermore, proteomic profiling of blood samples from all study groups was performed to identify proteomic biomarkers associated with chronic and severe Cd exposure. This analysis showed statistically significant correlations between urine Cd levels and sixteen proteins. Among these proteins, seven exhibited significantly altered expressions in samples from contaminated areas compared with those from control areas. Therefore, these proteins were selected as potential markers representing Cd-related protein alterations. Multiple reaction monitoring analysis was performed to validate the expression patterns of the proteins and four proteins were found to exhibit consistent trends. The findings show that Cd exposure significantly affects the expression of certain proteins in the human body. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and diseases associated with Cd-induced protein alterations can aid in the development of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for individuals exposed to Cd-linked pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora Mun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Rim Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeeun Yun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea; Busan Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Department of Nano, Chemical and Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, 02713, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seoub Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea; Busan Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Gyoo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Republic of Korea; Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea.
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Lee HJ, Lee YJ, Lim YH, Kim HY, Kim BN, Kim JI, Cho YM, Hong YC, Shin CH, Lee YA. Relationship of bisphenol A substitutes bisphenol F and bisphenol S with adiponectin/leptin ratio among children from the environment and development of children cohort. Environ Int 2024; 185:108564. [PMID: 38467088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is known as an obesogenic endocrine disruptor. Bisphenol S (BPS) and F (BPF) are substitutes that have recently replaced BPA. OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationships of urinary bisphenols (BPA, BPS and BPF) with adiposity measurements (obesity, BMI z-score, and fat mass), serum adipokine levels (adiponectin and leptin), and adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L ratio) in 6- and 8-year-old children. METHODS A total of 561 children who participated in the Environment and Development of Children cohort (482 and 516 children visited at age 6 and 8, respectively) at Seoul National University Children's Hospital during 2015-2019 were included. Urinary BPA levels were log-transformed. BPS levels were categorized into three groups (non-detected, lower-half, and higher-half of detected), and BPF levels were classified into two groups (non-detected and detected). RESULTS The urinary BPS higher-half group had a higher BMI z-score (β = 0.160, P= 0.044), higher fat mass (β = 0.104, P< 0.001), lower adiponectin concentration (β =- 0.069, P< 0.001), higher leptin concentration (β = 0.360, P< 0.001), and lower A/L ratio (β =- 0.428, P< 0.001) compared with the non-detected group. The urinary BPF-detected group had a higher fat mass (β = 0.074, P< 0.001), lower adiponectin concentration (β =- 0.069, P< 0.001), higher leptin concentration (β = 0.360, P< 0.001), and lower A/L ratio (β =- 0.428, P< 0.001) compared with the non-detected group. The BPA levels showed no consistent associations with outcomes, except for isolated associations of BPA at age 6 with a higher BMI z-score at age 6 (P= 0.016) and leptin at age 8 (P= 0.021). CONCLUSIONS Increased exposure to BPS and BPF is associated with higher fat mass and leptin concentration, lower serum adiponectin, and lower A/L ratio in children. These findings suggest potential adverse effects of BPA substitutes on adiposity and adipokines. No consistent association of BPA exposure with outcomes could be partly explained by the decreasing BPA levels over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Department of Nano Chemical and Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Steen C, Cho YM, Scott M, Jain A, Balakrishnan V, Keck J, An V, Chandra R. Local anaesthetic for pain post rubber band ligation of haemorrhoids: a prospective, single-blinded randomised controlled trial. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:867-872. [PMID: 36856913 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubber band ligation (RBL) is a widely accepted intervention for the treatment of haemorrhoids. However, post procedure pain is a common complaint. The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of local anaesthetic (LA) to the haemorrhoid pedicle base, post RBL, aids in reducing early post-procedure pain. Additionally, to compare perceived perianal numbness, oral analgesia usage and total consumption, and adverse events. METHODS This study was a prospective, single-blinded randomised controlled trial. Patients were recruited from colorectal clinics in two Australian hospitals between 2018-2019. Patients randomised to the intervention (LA) group received 2mls bupivacaine 0.5% with adrenaline 1:200,000 to each haemorrhoid base. Patients in the control group were not administered LA. Pain scores were recorded over 48 h using visual analogue scales. Analgesia consumption was documented and other secondary objectives were recorded dichotomously (yes/no). RESULTS At 1 h post-procedure, patient reported pain scores were significantly lower in the LA group compared to the control group (p = 0.04). There were no significant differences in pain scores between the groups at 4, 24 or 48 h. Additionally, there were no significant differences between groups with respect to oral analgesia usage, perianal numbness or adverse events. CONCLUSIONS LA to the haemorrhoid pedicle post RBL may significantly reduce early post procedure pain without any increased risk of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Steen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia.
- University of Edinburgh, Masters of Surgical Sciences, Edinburgh, UK.
- Adjunct Research Associate, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Y M Cho
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Scott
- Swinburne University, VIC, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Jain
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - V Balakrishnan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Keck
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - V An
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Adjunct Senior Lecturer, Monash University, Eastern Clinical School, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Chandra
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Eastern Health, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Adjunct Senior Lecturer, Monash University, Eastern Clinical School, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
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Kwon JY, Lee S, Surenbaatar U, Lim HJ, Kim BG, Eom SY, Cho YM, Kim WJ, Yu BC, Lee K, Hong YS. Association between levels of exposure to heavy metals and renal function indicators of residents in environmentally vulnerable areas. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2856. [PMID: 36806109 PMCID: PMC9938231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abandoned metal mines and refineries are considered environmentally vulnerable areas owing to high levels of exposure to heavy metals. This study examined the association between heavy metal exposure and renal function indicators. We studied a total of 298 participants, of which 74 and 68 resided in low- and high-exposure abandoned metal mine areas, respectively, with 121 in the refinery area and 35 in the control area. Blood and urine samples were collected from the participants to analyze the levels of blood lead, cadmium, and creatinine and urinary cadmium, NAG, and β2-MG. The estimated glomerular filtration rate, which is calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation, was used for assessments. The study participants comprised more females than males, and their mean age was 70.3 years. The blood lead and cadmium as well as urinary cadmium levels were 2.12 μg/dL, 1.89 μg/L, and 2.11 μg/L, respectively, in the heavy metal-exposure areas, and 1.18 μg/dL, 0.89 μg/L, and 1.11 μg/L, respectively, in the control area. The odds ratio (OR) for exceeding the reference value showed that blood cadmium in the refinery area was 38 times higher than that in the control area. Urinary cadmium was seven times higher in the low-exposure abandoned metal mine area than in the control area. NAG showed a positive correlation with urinary cadmium in all areas. In the refinery area, correlations were observed between β2-MG and urinary cadmium levels and the eGFR and blood cadmium level; in the high-exposure abandoned metal mine area, correlations were observed between NAG, β2-MG, and the eGFR and blood cadmium. In this study, the association between Cd exposure and some renal function indicators was observed. This study's findings and the obtained biological samples can serve as a basis for future molecular biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yeon Kwon
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201 Korea
| | - Seungho Lee
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201 Korea ,grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Busan Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201 Korea
| | - Ulziikhishig Surenbaatar
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201 Korea
| | - Hyoun-Ju Lim
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Busan Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201 Korea
| | - Byoung-Gwon Kim
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201 Korea ,grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Busan Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201 Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Eom
- grid.254229.a0000 0000 9611 0917Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- grid.412476.20000 0004 0533 2709Department of Nano, Chemical and Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, 02713 Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, Kang-Won National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Korea
| | - Byeng-Chul Yu
- grid.411144.50000 0004 0532 9454Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, 49267 Korea
| | - Kwan Lee
- grid.255168.d0000 0001 0671 5021Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066 Korea
| | - Young-Seoub Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 32, Daesin Gongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, Korea. .,Busan Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201, Korea.
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Lee YJ, Lim YH, Shin CH, Kim BN, Kim JI, Hong YC, Cho YM, Lee YA. Relationship between bisphenol A, bisphenol S, and bisphenol F and serum uric acid concentrations among school-aged children. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268503. [PMID: 35709251 PMCID: PMC9202957 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia has a suspected relationship with hypertension, metabolic syndrome, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. Endocrine disruptors may affect uric acid metabolism; however, few epidemiologic studies have been performed in children regarding newly developed bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes. We evaluated the associations between BPA, bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF) exposure and serum uric acid concentrations in 6-year-old Korean children. Methods From the Environment and Development of Children cohort study, six-year-old children (N = 489; 251 boys) who underwent an examination during 2015–2017 were included. Anthropometry, questionnaires, and biological samples were evaluated. BPA, BPS, and BPF levels were measured from spot urine samples, and log-transformed or categorized into groups for analysis. We constructed linear regression models adjusting for age, sex, urinary creatinine levels, body mass index z-scores, and estimated glomerular filtration rates. Results Mean serum uric level was 4.2 mg dL-1 (0.8 SD) without sex-differences. Among the three bisphenols, higher BPS exposure was associated with increased serum uric acid concentrations (P-value for trend = 0.002). When BPS levels were categorized into three groups (non-detection < 0.02 μg L-1 vs. medium BPS; 0.02–0.05 μg L-1 vs. high BPS ≥ 0.05 μg L-1), the high BPS group showed higher serum uric acid concentrations (by 0.26 mg dL-1, P = 0.003) than the non-detection group after adjusting for covariates, which was significant in boys but not girls. Discussions Urinary BPS levels was positively associated with serum uric acid concentrations in 6-year-old children, and the association was more pronounced in boys. Considering the increasing use of BPS and concerning effect of hyperuricemia on health outcomes, their positive relationship should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Department of Nano Chemical and Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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7
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Acharya B, Alexandre J, Benes P, Bergmann B, Bertolucci S, Bevan A, Branzas H, Burian P, Campbell M, Cho YM, de Montigny M, De Roeck A, Ellis JR, Sawy ME, Fairbairn M, Felea D, Frank M, Gould O, Hays J, Hirt AM, Ho DLJ, Hung PQ, Janecek J, Kalliokoski M, Korzenev A, Lacarrère DH, Leroy C, Levi G, Lionti A, Maulik A, Margiotta A, Mauri N, Mavromatos NE, Mermod P, Millward L, Mitsou VA, Ostrovskiy I, Ouimet PP, Papavassiliou J, Parker B, Patrizii L, Păvălaş GE, Pinfold JL, Popa LA, Popa V, Pozzato M, Pospisil S, Rajantie A, de Austri RR, Sahnoun Z, Sakellariadou M, Santra A, Sarkar S, Semenoff G, Shaa A, Sirri G, Sliwa K, Soluk R, Spurio M, Staelens M, Suk M, Tenti M, Togo V, Tuszyn'ski JA, Upreti A, Vento V, Vives O. Search for magnetic monopoles produced via the Schwinger mechanism. Nature 2022; 602:63-67. [PMID: 35110756 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Electrically charged particles can be created by the decay of strong enough electric fields, a phenomenon known as the Schwinger mechanism1. By electromagnetic duality, a sufficiently strong magnetic field would similarly produce magnetic monopoles, if they exist2. Magnetic monopoles are hypothetical fundamental particles that are predicted by several theories beyond the standard model3-7 but have never been experimentally detected. Searching for the existence of magnetic monopoles via the Schwinger mechanism has not yet been attempted, but it is advantageous, owing to the possibility of calculating its rate through semi-classical techniques without perturbation theory, as well as that the production of the magnetic monopoles should be enhanced by their finite size8,9 and strong coupling to photons2,10. Here we present a search for magnetic monopole production by the Schwinger mechanism in Pb-Pb heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, producing the strongest known magnetic fields in the current Universe11. It was conducted by the MoEDAL experiment, whose trapping detectors were exposed to 0.235 per nanobarn, or approximately 1.8 × 109, of Pb-Pb collisions with 5.02-teraelectronvolt center-of-mass energy per collision in November 2018. A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer scanned the trapping detectors of MoEDAL for the presence of magnetic charge, which would induce a persistent current in the SQUID. Magnetic monopoles with integer Dirac charges of 1, 2 and 3 and masses up to 75 gigaelectronvolts per speed of light squared were excluded by the analysis at the 95% confidence level. This provides a lower mass limit for finite-size magnetic monopoles from a collider search and greatly extends previous mass bounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Acharya
- Theoretical Particle Physics & Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Alexandre
- Theoretical Particle Physics & Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Benes
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Bergmann
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - A Bevan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - H Branzas
- Institute of Space Science, Măgurele, Romania
| | - P Burian
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Campbell
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y M Cho
- Center for Quantum Spacetime, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M de Montigny
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A De Roeck
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J R Ellis
- Theoretical Particle Physics & Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, London, UK.,Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M El Sawy
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Fairbairn
- Theoretical Particle Physics & Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Felea
- Institute of Space Science, Măgurele, Romania
| | - M Frank
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - O Gould
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Hays
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - A M Hirt
- Department of Earth Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D L-J Ho
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - P Q Hung
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - J Janecek
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Kalliokoski
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Korzenev
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D H Lacarrère
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Leroy
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - G Levi
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Lionti
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Maulik
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Margiotta
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - N Mauri
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - N E Mavromatos
- Theoretical Particle Physics & Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Mermod
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L Millward
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - V A Mitsou
- IFIC, Universitat de València, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - I Ostrovskiy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
| | - P-P Ouimet
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - B Parker
- Institute for Research in Schools, Canterbury, UK
| | - L Patrizii
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G E Păvălaş
- Institute of Space Science, Măgurele, Romania
| | - J L Pinfold
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - L A Popa
- Institute of Space Science, Măgurele, Romania
| | - V Popa
- Institute of Space Science, Măgurele, Romania
| | - M Pozzato
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Pospisil
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Rajantie
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Z Sahnoun
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Sakellariadou
- Theoretical Particle Physics & Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Santra
- IFIC, Universitat de València, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Sarkar
- Theoretical Particle Physics & Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G Semenoff
- Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Shaa
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - G Sirri
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - K Sliwa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - R Soluk
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Spurio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Staelens
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Suk
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - V Togo
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - J A Tuszyn'ski
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Upreti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - V Vento
- IFIC, Universitat de València, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - O Vives
- IFIC, Universitat de València, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
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8
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Cho YM, Choi KH. The current status of studies of human exposure assessment of microplastics and their health effects: a rapid systematic review. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2021; 36:e2021004-0. [PMID: 33730791 PMCID: PMC8207003 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2021004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This rapid systematic review aims to summarize studies of human exposure to microplastics (MPs) and their health effects. For the systematic literature review, we separately searched for review articles and original articles published from 2000 to 2019 in the PubMed, NDSL, KMBASE, and Cochrane databases. A total of 276 review articles and 475 original articles were independently evaluated and eligibility of each article was assessed by two researchers. Finally, 8 review articles and 13 original articles were selected for analysis. There was no standardized methodology for determining human exposure to MPs. Therefore, the size, shape, color, and chemical composition of MPs were considered as factors that affected human exposure to MP. We ascertained that human exposure to MPs occurs through two major routes: inhalation and ingestion. The general population can be exposed to MPs through the food chain, food, and mineral water. Thus, there are multiple scenarios for the exposure process. The only exposure marker in humans is the detection and measurement of MPs in feces. Health effects of human exposure to MPs include respiratory effects from inhalation, digestive effects from ingestion, oxidative stress, and cancer. However, there are few studies of the effects of MP exposure in the general population. Based on a systematic review, we propose a standardized methodology to identify various exposure scenarios to facilitate studies of human exposure to MPs and their health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Min Cho
- Environmental Health Center, Seokyeong University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungnam,
Republic of Korea
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9
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Acharya B, Alexandre J, Benes P, Bergmann B, Bernabéu J, Bevan A, Branzas H, Burian P, Campbell M, Cecchini S, Cho YM, de Montigny M, De Roeck A, Ellis JR, El Sawy M, Fairbairn M, Felea D, Frank M, Hays J, Hirt AM, Janecek J, Kalliokoski M, Korzenev A, Lacarrère DH, Leroy C, Levi G, Lionti A, Mamuzic J, Maulik A, Margiotta A, Mauri N, Mavromatos NE, Mermod P, Mieskolainen M, Millward L, Mitsou VA, Orava R, Ostrovskiy I, Ouimet PP, Papavassiliou J, Parker B, Patrizii L, Păvălaş GE, Pinfold JL, Popa LA, Popa V, Pozzato M, Pospisil S, Rajantie A, Ruiz de Austri R, Sahnoun Z, Sakellariadou M, Santra A, Sarkar S, Semenoff G, Shaa A, Sirri G, Sliwa K, Soluk R, Spurio M, Staelens M, Suk M, Tenti M, Togo V, Tuszyński JA, Upreti A, Vento V, Vives O, Wall A. First Search for Dyons with the Full MoEDAL Trapping Detector in 13 TeV pp Collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:071801. [PMID: 33666471 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The MoEDAL trapping detector consists of approximately 800 kg of aluminum volumes. It was exposed during run 2 of the LHC program to 6.46 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHCb interaction point. Evidence for dyons (particles with electric and magnetic charge) captured in the trapping detector was sought by passing the aluminum volumes comprising the detector through a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. The presence of a trapped dyon would be signaled by a persistent current induced in the SQUID magnetometer. On the basis of a Drell-Yan production model, we exclude dyons with a magnetic charge ranging up to five Dirac charges (5g_{D}) and an electric charge up to 200 times the fundamental electric charge for mass limits in the range 870-3120 GeV and also monopoles with magnetic charge up to and including 5g_{D} with mass limits in the range 870-2040 GeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Acharya
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Alexandre
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Benes
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Bergmann
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Bernabéu
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Bevan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - H Branzas
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest, Măgurele, Romania
| | - P Burian
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Campbell
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Cecchini
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Y M Cho
- Center for Quantum Spacetime, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M de Montigny
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A De Roeck
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J R Ellis
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College, London, United Kingdom
- Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M El Sawy
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Fairbairn
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Felea
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest, Măgurele, Romania
| | - M Frank
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J Hays
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A M Hirt
- Department of Earth Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Janecek
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Kalliokoski
- Physics Department, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Korzenev
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D H Lacarrère
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Leroy
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - G Levi
- INFN, Section of Bologna and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Lionti
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Mamuzic
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Maulik
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Margiotta
- INFN, Section of Bologna and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - N Mauri
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - N E Mavromatos
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Mermod
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Mieskolainen
- Physics Department, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Millward
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - V A Mitsou
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Orava
- Physics Department, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - I Ostrovskiy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - P-P Ouimet
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - B Parker
- Institute for Research in Schools, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - L Patrizii
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G E Păvălaş
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest, Măgurele, Romania
| | - J L Pinfold
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - L A Popa
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest, Măgurele, Romania
| | - V Popa
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest, Măgurele, Romania
| | - M Pozzato
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Pospisil
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Rajantie
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Z Sahnoun
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Sakellariadou
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Santra
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Sarkar
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - G Semenoff
- Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Shaa
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - G Sirri
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - K Sliwa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Soluk
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Spurio
- INFN, Section of Bologna and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Staelens
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Suk
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - V Togo
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - J A Tuszyński
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Upreti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - V Vento
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - O Vives
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Wall
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
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10
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Acharya B, Alexandre J, Baines S, Benes P, Bergmann B, Bernabéu J, Bevan A, Branzas H, Campbell M, Cecchini S, Cho YM, de Montigny M, De Roeck A, Ellis JR, El Sawy M, Fairbairn M, Felea D, Frank M, Hays J, Hirt AM, Janecek J, Kim DW, Korzenev A, Lacarrère DH, Lee SC, Leroy C, Levi G, Lionti A, Mamuzic J, Margiotta A, Mauri N, Mavromatos NE, Mermod P, Mieskolainen M, Millward L, Mitsou VA, Orava R, Ostrovskiy I, Papavassiliou J, Parker B, Patrizii L, Păvălaş GE, Pinfold JL, Popa V, Pozzato M, Pospisil S, Rajantie A, Ruiz de Austri R, Sahnoun Z, Sakellariadou M, Santra A, Sarkar S, Semenoff G, Shaa A, Sirri G, Sliwa K, Soluk R, Spurio M, Staelens M, Suk M, Tenti M, Togo V, Tuszyński JA, Vento V, Vives O, Vykydal Z, Wall A, Zgura IS. Magnetic Monopole Search with the Full MoEDAL Trapping Detector in 13 TeV pp Collisions Interpreted in Photon-Fusion and Drell-Yan Production. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:021802. [PMID: 31386510 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MoEDAL is designed to identify new physics in the form of stable or pseudostable highly ionizing particles produced in high-energy Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collisions. Here we update our previous search for magnetic monopoles in Run 2 using the full trapping detector with almost four times more material and almost twice more integrated luminosity. For the first time at the LHC, the data were interpreted in terms of photon-fusion monopole direct production in addition to the Drell-Yan-like mechanism. The MoEDAL trapping detector, consisting of 794 kg of aluminum samples installed in the forward and lateral regions, was exposed to 4.0 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHCb interaction point and analyzed by searching for induced persistent currents after passage through a superconducting magnetometer. Magnetic charges equal to or above the Dirac charge are excluded in all samples. Monopole spins 0, ½, and 1 are considered and both velocity-independent and-dependent couplings are assumed. This search provides the best current laboratory constraints for monopoles with magnetic charges ranging from two to five times the Dirac charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Acharya
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - J Alexandre
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - S Baines
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - P Benes
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Bergmann
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Bernabéu
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Bevan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - H Branzas
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - M Campbell
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Cecchini
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Y M Cho
- Physics Department, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M de Montigny
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A De Roeck
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J R Ellis
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, United Kingdom
- Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M El Sawy
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Fairbairn
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - D Felea
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - M Frank
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J Hays
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - A M Hirt
- Department of Earth Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland-Associate member
| | - J Janecek
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D-W Kim
- Physics Department, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - A Korzenev
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D H Lacarrère
- Experimental Physics Department, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S C Lee
- Physics Department, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - C Leroy
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - G Levi
- INFN, Section of Bologna and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - A Lionti
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Mamuzic
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Margiotta
- INFN, Section of Bologna and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - N Mauri
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - N E Mavromatos
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - P Mermod
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Mieskolainen
- Physics Department, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Millward
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - V A Mitsou
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Orava
- Physics Department, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - I Ostrovskiy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | | | - B Parker
- Institute for Research in Schools, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - L Patrizii
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G E Păvălaş
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - J L Pinfold
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - V Popa
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - M Pozzato
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Pospisil
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Rajantie
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Z Sahnoun
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Sakellariadou
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - A Santra
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Sarkar
- Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - G Semenoff
- Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Shaa
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - G Sirri
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - K Sliwa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Soluk
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Spurio
- INFN, Section of Bologna and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - M Staelens
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Suk
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - V Togo
- INFN, Section of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - J A Tuszyński
- Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - V Vento
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - O Vives
- IFIC, Universitat de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Z Vykydal
- IEAP, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Wall
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - I S Zgura
- Institute of Space Science, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
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11
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Cho YM, Kim CB, Yeon KN, Lee ES, Kim K. Trends in the Prevalence of Childhood Asthma in Seoul Metropolitan City, Korea: The Seoul Atopy ∙ Asthma-friendly School Project. J Prev Med Public Health 2018; 51:275-280. [PMID: 30514057 PMCID: PMC6283737 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.18.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The project Seoul Atopy ∙ Asthma-friendly School investigated the current status of childhood asthma to enable formulation of a preventative policy. We evaluated the current prevalence of childhood asthma in Seoul and its trends and related factors. Methods The project was conducted annually from 2011 to 2016 and involved around 35 000 children aged 1-13 years. Based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood guidelines, the survey involved parents. The associations of the particulate matter (PM10) concentration, and the number of days on which the daily air quality guidance level was exceeded in the 25 districts of Seoul, with the prevalence of asthma were assessed. Results The age-standardized asthma prevalence in 2011 and 2016 was 6.74 and 4.02%, respectively. The prevalence of lifetime asthma treatment and treatment during the last 12 months tended to decrease from 2011 to 2016. Asthma treatment was significantly correlated with the number of days on which the daily air quality guidance level was exceeded, but not with the PM10 concentration. Conclusions This study reports the prevalence of asthma among children in Seoul and confirmed the relationship between childhood asthma and known risk factors in a large-scale survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Min Cho
- Institute for Life and Environment, SMARTIVE Co., Seoul, Korea
| | - Chea-Bong Kim
- Environmental Health Center for Asthma, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Nam Yeon
- Department of Environmental Health Research, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Research, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - KyooSang Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Research, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Cho YM. Fish consumption, mercury exposure, and the risk of cholesterol profiles: findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2011. Environ Health Toxicol 2017; 32:e2017014. [PMID: 28859472 PMCID: PMC5704572 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2017014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the associations between mercury (Hg) exposure and cholesterol profiles were analyzed, and increased Hg levels and cholesterol profiles according to the amount of fish consumption were evaluated. Data on levels of blood Hg, the frequency of fish consumption, total blood cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) in 3951 adults were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2011 database. To compare the distribution for each log-transformed indicator, Student's t-test and analysis of variance were carried out, and the groups were classified according to the frequency of fish consumption through linear regression analysis; the association between Hg level and cholesterol profiles in each group was analyzed. The blood Hg levels (arithmetic mean, median, and geometric mean) for all target participants were 4.59, 3.66, and 3.74 µg/L, respectively. The high cholesterol group, low HDL-C group, and high TG group showed a statistically and significantly higher blood Hg level than the low-risk group. In both sexes, as the frequency of fish consumption increased, blood Hg level also increased, but TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG did not show a similar trend. Increased blood Hg level showed a significant association with increased TC and LDL-C. This statistical significance was maintained in the group with less frequent fish consumption (<4 times per month), but the group with frequent fish consumption (>8 times per month) did not show a similar trend. The results of this study suggest that fish consumption increases the level of Hg exposure, and that as the level of Hg exposure increases, the levels of cholesterol profiles increase. However, this study also suggests that the levels of cholesterol profiles in those with frequent fish consumption can be diminished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Min Cho
- Correspondence: Yong Min Cho Institute for Life and Environment Technology, Smartive Corporation, 58 Dobong-ro 110na-gil, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01454, Korea E-mail:
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13
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Lim D, Choi BH, Cho YM, Chai HH, Jang GW, Gondro C, Jeoung YH, Lee SH. Analysis of extended haplotype in Korean cattle (Hanwoo) population. BMB Rep 2017; 49:514-9. [PMID: 27470211 PMCID: PMC5227145 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.9.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Korean cattle (Hanwoo) are categorized into three breeds based on color: brown, brindle, and black. Among these breeds, brown Hanwoo has been subjected to intensive selection to improve meat traits. To identify genetic traces driven by recent selection in brown Hanwoo, we scanned the genomes of brown and brindle Hanwoo using a bovine SNP chip. We identified 17 candidate selection signatures in brown Hanwoo and sequenced four candidate regions from 10 individuals each of brown and brindle Hanwoo. In particular, non-synonymous SNPs in the ADSL gene (K88M, L189H, and R302Q) might have had mutational effects on protein structure as a result of altering the purine pathway during nucleotide breakdown. The ADSL gene was previously reported to affect meat quality and yield in livestock. Meat quality and yield are main breeding goals for brown Hanwoo, and our results support a potential causal influence of non-synonymous SNPs in the ADSL gene. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(9): 514-519]
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajeong Lim
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 55365, Korea
| | - Bong Hwan Choi
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 55365, Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 55365, Korea
| | - Han Ha Chai
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 55365, Korea
| | - Gul Won Jang
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 55365, Korea
| | - Cedric Gondro
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Yeoung Ho Jeoung
- Hanwoo Department, Korea Animal Improvement Association, Seoul 06668, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chung Nam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Kim HJ, Sharma A, Lee SH, Lee DH, Lim DJ, Cho YM, Yang BS, Lee SH. Genetic association of PLAG1, SCD, CYP7B1 and FASN SNPs and their effects on carcass weight, intramuscular fat and fatty acid composition in Hanwoo steers (Korean cattle). Anim Genet 2016; 48:251-252. [PMID: 27878829 DOI: 10.1111/age.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Kim
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 4937, Kyunggang-ro, Pyeong-Chang, 25340, Korea
| | - Aditi Sharma
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Doo Ho Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Da Jeong Lim
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Korea
| | - Boh Suk Yang
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 4937, Kyunggang-ro, Pyeong-Chang, 25340, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
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Lim D, Strucken EM, Choi BH, Chai HH, Cho YM, Jang GW, Kim TH, Gondro C, Lee SH. Genomic Footprints in Selected and Unselected Beef Cattle Breeds in Korea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151324. [PMID: 27023061 PMCID: PMC4811422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Korean Hanwoo cattle have been subjected to intensive artificial selection over the past four decades to improve meat production traits. Another three cattle varieties very closely related to Hanwoo reside in Korea (Jeju Black and Brindle) and in China (Yanbian). These breeds have not been part of a breeding scheme to improve production traits. Here, we compare the selected Hanwoo against these similar but presumed to be unselected populations to identify genomic regions that have been under recent selection pressure due to the breeding program. Rsb statistics were used to contrast the genomes of Hanwoo versus a pooled sample of the three unselected population (UN). We identified 37 significant SNPs (FDR corrected) in the HW/UN comparison and 21 known protein coding genes were within 1 MB to the identified SNPs. These genes were previously reported to affect traits important for meat production (14 genes), reproduction including mammary gland development (3 genes), coat color (2 genes), and genes affecting behavioral traits in a broader sense (2 genes). We subsequently sequenced (Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform) 10 individuals of the brown Hanwoo and the Chinese Yanbian to identify SNPs within the candidate genomic regions. Based on allele frequency differences, haplotype structures, and literature research, we singled out one non-synonymous SNP in the APP gene (APP: c.569C>T, Ala199Val) and predicted the mutational effect on the protein structure. We found that protein-protein interactions might be impaired due to increased exposed hydrophobic surfaces of the mutated protein. The APP gene has also been reported to affect meat tenderness in pigs and obesity in humans. Meat tenderness has been linked to intramuscular fat content, which is one of the main breeding goals for brown Hanwoo, potentially supporting a causal influence of the herein described nsSNP in the APP gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajeong Lim
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 565–851, Republic of Korea
| | - Eva M. Strucken
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW Australia
| | - Bong Hwan Choi
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 565–851, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Ha Chai
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 565–851, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 565–851, Republic of Korea
| | - Gul Won Jang
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 565–851, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hun Kim
- Division of Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeonju 565–851, Republic of Korea
| | - Cedric Gondro
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW Australia
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chung Nam National University, Daejeon 305–764, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Cho YM, Lim HJ, Jang H, Kim K, Choi JW, Shin C, Lee SK, Kwon JH, Kim N. A follow-up study of the association between mobile phone use and symptoms of ill health. Environ Health Toxicol 2016; 32:e2017001. [PMID: 28111420 PMCID: PMC5365277 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2017001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The duration and frequency of mobile phone calls, and their relationship with various health effects, have been investigated in our previous cross-sectional study. This 2-year period follow-up study aimed to assess the changes in these variables of same subjects. The study population comprised 532 non-patient adult subjects sampled from the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study. The subjects underwent a medical examination at a hospital in 2012/2013 and revisited the same hospital in 2014/2015 to have the same examination for the characteristics of mobile phone use performed. In addition, to evaluate the effects on health, the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), Psychosocial Well-being Index-Short Form, Beck Depression Inventory, Korean-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Perceived Stress Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and 12-item Short Form Health Survey were analyzed. For all these tests, the higher the score, the greater the effect on health. Variances between scores in all the indices in the baseline and follow-up surveys were calculated, and correlations of each index were analyzed. The average duration per call and HIT-6 score of the subjects decreased significantly compared with those recorded two years ago. The results showed a slight but significant correlation between call duration changes and HIT-6 score changes for female subjects, but not for males. HIT-6 scores in the follow-up survey significantly decreased compared to those in the baseline survey, but long-time call users (subjects whose call duration was ≥5 minutes in both the baseline and follow-up surveys) had no statistically significant reduction in HIT-6 scores. This study suggests that increased call duration is a greater risk factor for increases in headache than any other type of adverse health effect, and that this effect can be chronic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Min Cho
- Institute for Life and Environment Technology, Smartive Corporation, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence: Jae Wook Choi, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea E-mail:
| | - Hee Jin Lim
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Jang
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunghee Kim
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Wook Choi
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Institute of Human Genome Study, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Seung Ku Lee
- Institute of Human Genome Study, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Kwon
- EM Environment Research Team, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nam Kim
- Division of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea
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Cho YM, Lim HJ, Jang H, Kim K, Choi JW, Shin C, Lee SK, Kwon JH, Kim N. A cross-sectional study of the association between mobile phone use and symptoms of ill health. Environ Health Toxicol 2016; 31:e2016022. [PMID: 27788568 PMCID: PMC5144583 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2016022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study analyzed the associations between mobile phone call frequency and duration with non-specific symptoms. METHODS This study was conducted with a population group including 532 non-patient adults established by the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. The pattern of phone call using a mobile phone was investigated through face-to-face interview. Structured methods applied to quantitatively assess health effects are Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), Psychosocial Well-being Index-Short Form, Beck Depression Inventory, Korean-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and 12-item Short Form Health Survey where a higher score represents a higher greater health effect. RESULTS The average daily phone call frequency showed a significant correlation with the PSS score in female subjects. Increases in the average duration of one phone call were significantly correlated with increases in the severity of headaches in both sexes. The mean (standard deviation) HIT-6 score in the subgroup of subjects whose average duration of one phone call was five minutes or longer was 45.98 (8.15), as compared with 42.48 (7.20) in those whose average duration of one phone call was <5 minutes. The severity of headaches was divided into three levels according to the HIT-6 score (little or no impact/moderate impact/substantial or severe impact), and a logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between an increased phone call duration and the headache severity. When the average duration of one phone call was five minutes or longer, the odds ratio (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the moderate impact group were 2.22 and 1.18 to 4.19, respectively. The OR and 95% CI for the substantial or severe impact group were 4.44 and 2.11 to 8.90, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Mobile phone call duration was not significantly associated with stress, sleep, cognitive function, or depression, but was associated with the severity of headaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Min Cho
- Institute for Life and Environment Technology, Smartive Corporation, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Lim
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Jang
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunghee Kim
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Wook Choi
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence: Jae Wook Choi, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea Tel: +82-2-2286-1470 Fax: +82-2-927-7220 E-mail:
| | - Chol Shin
- Institute of Human Genome Study, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Seung Ku Lee
- Institute of Human Genome Study, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Kwon
- EM Environment Research Team, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nam Kim
- Division of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea
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Cho ES, Lee KT, Choi JW, Jeon HJ, Lee SW, Cho YM, Kim TH. Novel SNPs in the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 45 alpha gene (GADD45A) associated with meat quality traits in Berkshire pigs. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:8581-8. [PMID: 26345789 DOI: 10.4238/2015.july.31.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the porcine gene GADD45A (growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 alpha) as a positional candidate controlling quantitative trait loci (QTL) for meat quality traits on chromosome 6 (SSC6). Four exons of the porcine GADD45A gene were defined from cDNA and BAC clone sequences. A total of 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in porcine GADD45A. The association of these SNPs (g.196A>G, g.392C>A, g.955T>C and g.3247A>T) with meat quality traits was evaluated in 678 Berkshire pigs. The genotype distribution of only one SNP (g.3247A>T) conformed to Hardy Weinberg equilibrium in the pig population analyzed in this study, and the other SNPs were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. All four SNPs were significantly associated with meat quality traits. Three SNPS (g.196A>G, g.392C>A, and g.955T>C) showed similar significant association patterns for drip loss, cooking loss, meat color (lightness; MC_L and yellowness; MC_B), shear force and water-holding capacity traits. By contrast, g.3247A>T had a different association pattern with other traits such as intramuscular fat content (IMF) and backfat thickness (BF), drip loss, MC_L, and moisture. These findings will provide useful information for genetic characterization or association studies in other pig populations. Additionally, these markers can potentially be applied in pig breeding programs to improve meat quality traits, including IMF and BF.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Cho
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - K T Lee
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - J W Choi
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - H J Jeon
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - Y M Cho
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
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Jin SM, Park CY, Cho YM, Ku BJ, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Min KW, Sung YA, Baik SH, Lee KW, Yoon KH, Lee MK, Park SW. Lobeglitazone and pioglitazone as add-ons to metformin for patients with type 2 diabetes: a 24-week, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled, phase III clinical trial with a 28-week extension. Diabetes Obes Metab 2015; 17:599-602. [PMID: 25580775 PMCID: PMC5024060 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of lobeglitazone and pioglitazone as add-ons to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients who were inadequately controlled by metformin were randomized and treated once daily with either lobeglitazone (0.5 mg, n = 128) or pioglitazone (15 mg, n = 125) for 24 weeks, with a 28-week extension trial of lobeglitazone treatment in patients who consented. The primary endpoint was the change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration from baseline to week 24. At week 24, the mean change from baseline in HbA1c was -0.74% for the lobeglitazone group and -0.74% for the pioglitazone group, with a mean difference of 0.01% [95% confidence interval (CI) of difference, -0.16 to 0.18]. The effects of lobeglitazone on lipid variables and the adverse events associated with lobeglitazone were similar to those observed with pioglitazone. Lobeglitazone was not inferior to pioglitazone as an add-on to metformin in terms of their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-M Jin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-Y Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - C W Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University of College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B-S Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University of Collage of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Min
- Diabetes Centre, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y A Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, EwhaWomans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Baik
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Yoon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Immunology, Cell Biology Core Laboratory, Institutes of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-K Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim KH, Choi JW, Lee E, Cho YM, Ahn HR. A study on the risk perception of light pollution and the process of social amplification of risk in Korea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:7612-7621. [PMID: 25649389 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the risk perception level of each light pollution type was analyzed, and the effects of the variables (e.g., psychometric paradigm factor, trust in the government, etc.) on the process of the increase in the risk perception were analyzed. For the sample population (1096 persons) in Korea, the risk perception levels of each light pollution type and other environmental and health risk factors were compared, and the relative magnitude was examined. In addition, to test which variables affect the group with high-risk perception of each light pollution type, a logistic regression analysis was performed. For the group with highest risk perception of light pollution, the odds ratios (OR) of all psychometric paradigms (excluding controllability) increased compared to those of the group with low-risk perception. Additionally, the level showing the acquisition of information from the media and the recollection level of media criticism on each light pollution type showed a statistically significant increase. Especially, the risk perception of light trespass increased as trust in the government decreased. The significance of this study includes the finding that the public's risk perception of light pollution was significantly affected by the psychometric paradigm factors. Moreover, this study analyzed the differences of the variables that affect the increase in the risk perception of each light pollution type and provided a theoretical framework that can practically reflect the strategy for the risk communication of light pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Kim
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Choi JW, Kim KH, Cho YM, Kim SH. Current epidemiological situation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus clusters and implications for public health response in South Korea. J Korean Med Assoc 2015. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2015.58.6.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Wook Choi
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Research Institute for Healthcare Policy, Korean Medical Association, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Kim
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoo Kim
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Kim YG, Hahn S, Oh TJ, Park KS, Cho YM. Differences in the HbA1c-lowering efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues between Asians and non-Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab 2014; 16:900-9. [PMID: 24655583 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the HbA1c-lowering efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues between Asians and non-Asians with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We searched randomized controlled trials from MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov. Studies described in English were included if the treatment duration was 12 weeks or more, information about ethnicity and baseline HbA1c values were available and a GLP-1 analogue was compared with a placebo. For the ethnic comparison, we divided the studies into Asian-dominant studies (≥ 50% Asian participants) and non-Asian-dominant studies (<50% Asian participants). RESULTS Among the 837 searched studies, 15 trials were included for the meta-analysis. The weighted mean difference of HbA1c with GLP-1 analogues was -1.16% [95% confidence interval (CI) -1.48, -0.85] in the Asian-dominant studies and -0.83% (95% CI -0.97, -0.70) in the non-Asian-dominant studies. The between-group difference was -0.32% (95% CI -0.64, -0.01; p = 0.04). The relative risk (RR) with 95% CIs for achieving the target HbA1c ≤ 7.0% tended to be greater in the Asian-dominant studies [RR 5.7 (3.8, 8.7)] than in the non-Asian-dominant studies [RR 2.8 (2.4, 3.3)]. Body weight changes were similar between the two groups. Hypoglycaemia tended to be more common in Asian-dominant studies (RR 2.8 [2.3, 3.5]) than in non-Asian-dominant studies (RR 1.5 [1.2, 1.8]), but severe hypoglycaemia was very rare in both groups. CONCLUSION GLP-1 analogues lower HbA1c more in Asian-dominant studies than in non-Asian-dominant studies. Further studies are warranted to explore the potential mechanisms of the ethnic difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y G Kim
- Division of endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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23
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Kim K, Kim HJ, Song DJ, Cho YM, Choi JW. Risk perception and public concerns of electromagnetic waves from cellular phones in Korea. Bioelectromagnetics 2014; 35:235-44. [DOI: 10.1002/bem.21836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Kim
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - Hae-Joon Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science; Graduate School of Public Health; Korea University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine; College of Medicine; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - Dae Jong Song
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health; Korea University; Seoul Korea
| | - Jae Wook Choi
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health; Korea University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Environmental Health Science; Graduate School of Public Health; Korea University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine; College of Medicine; Korea University; Seoul Korea
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Cho YM, Ryu SH, Choi MS, Tinyami ET, Seo S, Choung JT, Choi JW. Asthma and allergic diseases in preschool children in Korea: findings from the pilot study of the Korean Surveillance System for Childhood Asthma. J Asthma 2014; 51:373-9. [PMID: 24393081 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2013.876648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article was intended to introduce the Korean Surveillance System for Childhood Asthma (KSSCA) and also to determine the factors that increase the risk for the development of asthma and allergic diseases in preschool children in Korea based on the study results. METHODS The KSSCA pilot study was a web-based, cross-sectional survey that sampled 1002 parents with a biological child aged 2-6 years that visited the website and participated in the survey. This website consisted of a questionnaire designed to measure the history and prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases, the characteristics of dwelling, lifestyle, and the socioeconomic status of the subjects. Using logistic regression analysis, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between each risk factor and disease development were calculated. RESULTS The rate of a family where a child had asthma was 7.4%, while 34.7% and 35.9% for allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, respectively. The OR (95% CI) that a child whose parents had an allergic disease and was also diagnosed with an allergic disease was 2.86 (2.20-3.72). Children who lived in the first floor or basement of apartments had a higher risk of atopic dermatitis, as well as children from socioeconomically vulnerable families. Upon analysis of allergic reaction tests and disease development, it was found that asthma was associated with the positive reaction of cockroaches and food, allergic rhinitis with mites, and atopic dermatitis with mold and food. CONCLUSION The study indicated that genetic and some environmental or socioeconomic factors might be important in the development of asthma and allergic diseases among preschool children in Korea through the web-survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Min Cho
- Institute for Occupational & Environmental Health, Korea University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Jeong JY, Kim JM, Rajesh RV, Suresh S, Jang GW, Lee KT, Kim TH, Park M, Jeong HJ, Kim KW, Cho YM, Lee HJ. Comparison of Gene Expression Levels of Porcine Satellite Cells from Postnatal Muscle Tissue during Differentiation. Dev Reprod 2013. [DOI: 10.12749/rdb.2013.37.4.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lim D, Gondro C, Park HS, Cho YM, Chai HH, Seong HH, Yang BS, Hong SK, Chang WK, Lee SH. Identification of recently selected mutations driven by artificial selection in hanwoo (korean cattle). Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2013; 26:603-8. [PMID: 25049829 PMCID: PMC4093327 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hanwoo have been subjected over the last seventy years to intensive artificial selection with the aim of improving meat production traits such as marbling and carcass weight. In this study, we performed a signature of selection analysis to identify recent positive selected regions driven by a long-term artificial selection process called a breeding program using whole genome SNP data. In order to investigate homozygous regions across the genome, we estimated iES (integrated Extended Haplotype Homozygosity SNP) for the each SNPs. As a result, we identified two highly homozygous regions that seem to be strong and/or recent positive selection. Five genes (DPH5, OLFM3, S1PR1, LRRN1 and CRBN) were included in this region. To go further in the interpretation of the observed signatures of selection, we subsequently concentrated on the annotation of differentiated genes defined according to the iES value of SNPs localized close or within them. We also described the detection of the adaptive evolution at the molecular level for the genes of interest. As a result, this analysis also led to the identification of OLFM3 as having a strong signal of selection in bovine lineage. The results of this study indicate that artificial selection which might have targeted most of these genes was mainly oriented towards improvement of meat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajeong Lim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Cedric Gondro
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Hye Sun Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Han Ha Chai
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Hwan Hoo Seong
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Bo Suk Yang
- Hanwoo Experiment Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, PyeongChang 232-950, Korea
| | - Seong Koo Hong
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Won Kyung Chang
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon 441-706, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Hanwoo Experiment Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, PyeongChang 232-950, Korea
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Kim YG, Hahn S, Oh TJ, Kwak SH, Park KS, Cho YM. Differences in the glucose-lowering efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors between Asians and non-Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia 2013; 56:696-708. [PMID: 23344728 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this work was to compare the glucose-lowering efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors between Asian and non-Asian patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and conference proceedings. Studies were eligible if they were randomised controlled trials with a treatment duration of at least 12 weeks, compared a DPP-4 inhibitor with a placebo as either monotherapy or oral combination therapy, had information on ethnicity and HbA1c values and were published or described in English. A systematic review and meta-analysis with a meta-regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS Among 809 potentially relevant studies, 55 trials were included. A meta-analysis revealed that DPP-4 inhibitors lowered HbA1c to a greater extent in studies with ≥50% Asian participants (weighted mean difference [WMD] -0.92%; 95% CI -1.03, -0.82) than in studies with <50% Asian participants (WMD -0.65%; 95% CI -0.69, -0.60). The between-group difference was -0.26% (95% CI -0.36, -0.17, p < 0.001). The baseline BMI significantly correlated with the HbA1c-lowering efficacy of DPP-4 inhibitors. The RR of achieving the goal of HbA1c <7.0% (53.0 mmol/mol) was higher in studies with ≥50% Asian participants (3.4 [95% CI 2.6, 4.7] vs 1.9 [95% CI 1.8, 2.0]). The fasting plasma glucose-lowering efficacy was higher with monotherapy in the Asian-dominant studies, but the postprandial glucose-lowering efficacy and changes in body weight were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION DPP-4 inhibitors exhibit a better glucose-lowering efficacy in Asians than in other ethnic groups; this requires further investigation to understand the underlying mechanism, particularly in relation to BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y G Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
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Lee SS, Lee SH, Choi TJ, Choy YH, Cho KH, Choi YL, Cho YM, Kim NS, Lee JJ. Estimation of the Accuracy of Genomic Breeding Value in Hanwoo (Korean Cattle). Journal of Animal Science and Technology 2013. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2013.55.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Lee SH, Lim D, Jang GW, Cho YM, Choi BH, Kim SD, Oh SJ, Lee JH, Yoon D, Park EW, Lee HK, Hong SK, Yang BS. Genome Wide Association Study to Identity QTL for Growth Taits in Hanwoo. Journal of Animal Science and Technology 2012. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2012.54.5.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lee JL, Ahn JH, Lim HY, Park SH, Lee SH, Kim TM, Lee DH, Cho YM, Song C, Hong JH, Kim CS, Ahn H. Multicenter phase II study of sunitinib in patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:2108-2114. [PMID: 22228449 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrospective and molecular biologic data suggest that sunitinib may be effective in patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligibility criteria included advanced nccRCC except for collecting duct carcinoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma without identifiable renal cell carcinoma subtypes. Patients were treated with 50 mg/day oral sunitinib for 4 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of rest. The primary end point was overall response rate (RR). RESULTS Thirty-one eligible patients were enrolled. Twenty-four patients (77%) had prior nephrectomy. By Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center criteria, 8 patients (26%) had poor risk and 14 (45%) had intermediate risk. Twenty-two patients had papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and three had chromophobe RCC. Eleven patients had partial response with a RR of 36% (95% confidence interval (CI) 19% to 52%) and an additional 17 patients (55%) had stable disease. Median duration of response was 12.7 months (95% CI 6.3-19.1 months), and median progression-free survival was 6.4 months (95% CI 4.2-8.6 months). At a median follow-up duration of 18.7 months (95% CI 13.7-23.7 months), 13 patients (42%) had died, resulting in an estimated median survival of 25.6 months (95% CI 8.4-42.9 months). Toxicity profiles were commensurate with prior reports. CONCLUSIONS Sunitinib has promising activity in patients with nccRCC (NCT01219751).
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Affiliation(s)
- J-L Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul.
| | - J-H Ahn
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - H Y Lim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S H Park
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - T M Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - D-H Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y M Cho
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - C Song
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Hong
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C-S Kim
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Ahn
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim YH, Jung JH, Song KB, Chung YS, Park JB, Cho YM, Jang HJ, Kim SC, Han DJ. Adult dual kidney transplantations obtained from marginal donors: two case reports. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:57-9. [PMID: 22310578 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Organ shortage has led us to use grafts from expanded criteria donors (ECD). Dual kidney transplantation (DKT) using organs from an ECD, which are not acceptable for single kidney transplantation (KT), may overcome the insufficient functioning nephron mass. We performed DKTs in two recipients, the first DKT to be reported from Korea. In case 1, the donor was a 36-year-old man with hypertension. The cause of his brain death was intracranial hemorrhage. He had no known underlying renal disease; his serum creatinine level was 4.2 mg/dL. Despite the relatively young age of the donor, a biopsy revealed mild interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy with moderate arteriolar narrowing. The recipient's postoperative course was uneventful over the 69-month follow-up; her last serum creatinine was 1.3 mg/dL. In case 2, the 80-year-old male donor with a history of hypertension had a normal creatinine. The donor biopsy revealed mild glomerular sclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis with moderate arteriolar narrowing. The recipient had undergone a previous KT 14 years previously on the right side of the abdomen, but had resumed dialysis 2 years previously due to chronic allograft nephropathy. There was no delayed graft function. At month 4 posttransplantation, lymphoceles were treated by fenestration. At 6-month follow-up, her creatinine was 1.0 mg/dL. In our experience with these two cases, DKT with ECD kidney grafts seemed to be a successful strategy to avoid poor graft outcomes and overcome the donor organ shortage. Further studies including histological criteria for DKT, should be performed to determine the safest means to utilize ECD grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Park H, Seo S, Cho YM, Oh SJ, Seong HH, Lee SH, Lim D. Identification of Candidate Genes Associated with Beef Marbling Using QTL and Pathway Analysis in Hanwoo (Korean Cattle). Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2012; 25:613-20. [PMID: 25049604 PMCID: PMC4093113 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Marbling from intramuscular fat is an important trait of meat quality and has an economic benefit for the beef industry. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) fine mapping was performed to identify the marbling trait in 266 Hanwoo steers using a 10K single nucleotide polymorphism panel with the combined linkage and linkage disequilibrium method. As a result, we found nine putative QTL regions for marbling: three on BTA6, two on BTA17, two on BTA22, and two on BTA29. We detected candidate genes for marbling within 1 cM of either side of the putative QTL regions. Additionally, to understand the functions of these candidate genes at the molecular level, we conducted a functional categorization using gene ontology and pathway analyses for those genes involved in lipid metabolism or fat deposition. In these putative QTL regions, we found 95 candidate genes for marbling. Using these candidate genes, we found five genes that had a direct interaction with the candidate genes. We also found SCARB1 as a putative candidate gene for marbling that involves fat deposition related to cholesterol transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyesun Park
- Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Chuksan gil 77, Kwonsun-gu, Suwon, Korea ; Department of animal biosystem science, Chung-nam National University, 99 Daehak-ro(St), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
| | - Seongwon Seo
- Department of animal biosystem science, Chung-nam National University, 99 Daehak-ro(St), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Green growth and future strategy team, Director general for planning and coordination, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sung Jong Oh
- Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Chuksan gil 77, Kwonsun-gu, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hwan-Hoo Seong
- Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Chuksan gil 77, Kwonsun-gu, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Chuksan gil 77, Kwonsun-gu, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dajeong Lim
- Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Chuksan gil 77, Kwonsun-gu, Suwon, Korea
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Kim YD, Kim YH, Cho YM, Kim DK, Ahn SW, Lee JM, Chanda D, Shong M, Lee CH, Choi HS. Metformin ameliorates IL-6-induced hepatic insulin resistance via induction of orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP) in mouse models. Diabetologia 2012; 55:1482-94. [PMID: 22349108 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS IL-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with the pathogenesis of hepatic diseases. Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP, also known as NR0B2), a transcriptional co-repressor, plays an important role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate that metformin-mediated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) increases SHP protein production and regulates IL-6-induced hepatic insulin resistance. METHODS We investigated metformin-mediated SHP production improved insulin resistance through the regulation of an IL-6-dependent pathway (involving signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 [STAT3] and suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 [SOCS3]) in both Shp knockdown and Shp null mice. RESULTS IL-6-induced STAT3 transactivation and SOCS3 production were significantly repressed by metformin, adenoviral constitutively active AMPK (Ad-CA-AMPK), and adenoviral SHP (Ad-SHP), but not in Shp knockdown, or with the adenoviral dominant negative form of AMPK (Ad-DN-AMPK). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and protein localisation studies showed that SHP inhibits DNA binding of STAT3 on the Socs3 gene promoter via interaction and colocalisation within the nucleus. Upregulation of inflammatory genes and downregulation of hepatic insulin signalling by acute IL-6 treatment were observed in wild-type mice but not in Shp null mice. Finally, chronic IL-6 exposure caused hepatic insulin resistance, leading to impaired insulin tolerance and elevated gluconeogenesis, and these phenomena were aggravated in Shp null mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results demonstrate that SHP upregulation by metformin may prevent hepatic disorders by regulating the IL-6-dependent pathway, and that this pathway can help to ameliorate the pathogenesis of cytokine-mediated metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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Kim S, Cho YM, Choi SH, Kim HJ, Choi J. [The effect of exposure factors on the concentration of heavy metals in residents near abandoned metal mines]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 44:41-7. [PMID: 21483222 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assessed the factors that have an influence on the residents exposed to heavy metals, and we utilized the findings to establish the proper management of abandoned metal mines in the future. METHODS For a total of 258 residents who lived close to abandoned mines in Gangwon-province and Gyeonggi-province, the exposure factors and biomarkers in their blood and urine were comparatively analyzed via multiple regression analysis. RESULTS The blood levels of lead and mercury and the cadmium levels in urine were found to be higher in the study group than that in the average Korean. For the blood levels of heavy metals according to each exposure factor, all of them were found to be significantly higher in both of the group residing for a longer period of time and the group living closer to the source of pollutants. Multiple regression analysis disclosed that all the heavy metals, except lead, in their blood were significantly reduced in proportion to the increased distance of inhabitancy from the mines. Their other biomarkers were within the normal ranges. CONCLUSIONS We found that the distance between the residential village and the mines was a factor that affects the blood level of heavy metals in the villagers. This finding could be an important factor when developing a management model for the areas that surround abandoned metal mines. (ED note: I much like this important study.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoo Kim
- Department of Preventive medicine, Korea University, College of Medicine, Korea
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Cho YM, Kieffer TJ. New aspects of an old drug: metformin as a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) enhancer and sensitiser. Diabetologia 2011; 54:219-22. [PMID: 21116606 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The two major deficits in type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and impaired beta cell function, are often treated with metformin and incretin-based drugs, respectively. However, there may be unappreciated benefits of this combination of therapies. In this issue of Diabetologia, Maida et al. (doi: 10.1007/s00125-010-1937-z) report that metformin acutely increases plasma levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in mice. Moreover, they show that metformin enhances the expression of the genes encoding the receptors for both GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in mouse islets and also increases the effects of GIP and GLP-1 on insulin secretion from beta cells. Interestingly, these incretin-sensitising effects of metformin appear to be mediated by a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α-dependent pathway, as opposed to the more commonly ascribed pathway of metformin action involving AMP-activated protein kinase. These provocative findings by Maida et al. extend our understanding of the mechanism of action of metformin and provide further insights into the benefits of combining metformin with incretin-based drugs to combat diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/blood
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/metabolism
- Eating/drug effects
- Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide/blood
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/blood
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Male
- Metformin/pharmacology
- Metformin/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Models, Biological
- PPAR alpha/genetics
- PPAR alpha/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/genetics
- Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/metabolism
- Receptors, Glucagon/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Glucagon/blood
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Lim D, Lee SH, Cho YM, Yoon D, Shin Y, Kim KW, Park HS, Kim H. Transcript profiling of expressed sequence tags from intramuscular fat, longissimus dorsi muscle and liver in Korean cattle (Hanwoo). BMB Rep 2010; 43:115-21. [PMID: 20193130 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2010.43.2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A large data set of Hanwoo (Korean cattle) ESTs was analyzed to obtain differential gene expression results for the following three libraries: intramuscular fat, longissimus dorsi muscle and liver. To better understand the gene expression profiles, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) via digital gene expression analysis. Hierarchical clustering of genes was performed according to their relative abundance within the six separate groups (Hanwoo fat versus non-Hanwoo fat, Hanwoo muscle versus non-Hanwoo muscle and Hanwoo liver versus non-Hanwoo liver), producing detailed patterns of gene expression. We determined the quantitative traits associated with the highly expressed genes. We also provide the first list of putative regulatory elements associated with differential tissue expression in Hanwoo cattle. In addition, we conducted evolutionary analysis that suggests a subset of genes accelerated in the bovine lineage are strongly correlated with their expression in Hanwoo muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajeong Lim
- Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
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Kim NK, Lee SH, Cho YM, Son ES, Kim KY, Lee CS, Yoon D, Im SK, Oh SJ, Park EW. Proteome analysis of the m. longissimus dorsi between fattening stages in Hanwoo steer. BMB Rep 2009; 42:433-8. [PMID: 19643041 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2009.42.7.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify proteins in the m. longissimus dorsi between early (12 months of age) and late (27 months of age) fattening stages of Hanwoo (Korean cattle) steers. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, 8 proteins of 11 differentially expressed spots between the 12 and 27 month age groups were identified in the loin muscle. Among those that were differentially expressed, zinc finger 323 and myosin light chain were highly expressed in late-fattening stage, and two catabolic enzymes, triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were expressed more in the early versus the late-fattening stage. In particular, the quantification of TPI and SDH by immunoblotting correlated well with fat content. Our data suggested that TPI and SDH are potential candidates as markers and their identification provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms and pathways associated with intramuscular fat contents of bovine skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Kuk Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea
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Cho YM, Kim TH, Lim S, Choi SH, Shin HD, Lee HK, Park KS, Jang HC. Type 2 diabetes-associated genetic variants discovered in the recent genome-wide association studies are related to gestational diabetes mellitus in the Korean population. Diabetologia 2009; 52:253-61. [PMID: 19002430 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS New genetic variants associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus have been discovered in recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between these diabetogenic variants and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS The study included 869 Korean women with GDM and 345 female and 287 male Korean non-diabetic controls. We genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs7756992 and rs7754840 in CDKAL1; rs564398, rs1333040, rs10757278 and rs10811661 in the CDKN2A-CDKN2B region; rs8050136 in FTO; rs1111875, rs5015480 and rs7923837 in HHEX; rs4402960 in IGF2BP2; and rs13266634 in SLC30A8. In addition, rs7903146 and rs12255372 in TCF7L2; rs5215 and rs5219 in KCNJ11; and rs3856806 and rs1801282 in PPARG were genotyped. The genotype frequencies in the GDM patients were compared with those in the non-diabetic controls. RESULTS Compared with controls (men and women combined), GDM was associated with rs7756992 and rs7754840 (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.34-1.79, p = 4.17 x 10(-9)) in CDKAL1; rs10811661 (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.29-1.72, p = 1.05 x 10(-7)) in the CDKN2A-CDKN2B region; rs1111875 (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09-1.49, p = 0.003), rs5015480, and rs7923837 in HHEX; rs4402960 (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.38, p = 0.03) in IGF2BP2; rs13266634 (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.07-1.43, p = 0.005) in SLC30A8; and rs7903146 (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.03-2.43, p = 0.038) in TCF7L2. The risk alleles of the SNPs rs7756992 and rs7754840 in CDKAL1; rs10811661 in the CDKN2A-CDKN2B region; and rs1111875, rs5015480 and rs7923837 in HHEX were associated with significant decreases in the insulin AUC during a 100 g OGTT performed at the time of diagnosis of GDM. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Some of the type 2 diabetes-associated genetic variants that were discovered in the recent GWA studies are also associated with GDM in Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon-Dong Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
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Han HR, Ryu HJ, Cha HS, Go MJ, Ahn Y, Koo BK, Cho YM, Lee HK, Cho NH, Shin C, Shin HD, Kimm K, Kim HL, Oh B, Park KS. Genetic variations in the leptin and leptin receptor genes are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic traits in the Korean female population. Clin Genet 2008; 74:105-15. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim NK, Cho S, Lee SH, Park HR, Lee CS, Cho YM, Choy YH, Yoon D, Im SK, Park EW. Proteins in longissimus muscle of Korean native cattle and their relationship to meat quality. Meat Sci 2008; 80:1068-73. [PMID: 22063838 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 04/17/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic profiling by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry of longissimus dorsi muscle tissue from Korean native cattle identified seven proteins that are differentially expressed in animals producing low and high quality grade beef. The expression level of alpha actin is increased in high quality grade beef and the expression levels of T-complex protein 1 (TCP-1), heat shock protein beta-1 (HSP27), and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type1 (IP3R1), a new protein to be associated with meat quality, are increased in low quality grade beef. In particular, the quantitation of HSP27 and IP3R1 by both silver staining and immunoblotting correlated well with intramuscular fat content, meat tenderness, and free calcium levels. The data suggest that HSP27 and IP3R1 are potential meat quality biomarkers and their identification provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms and pathways associated with overall beef quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Kuk Kim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-350, Republic of Korea
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Park KS, Chan JC, Chuang LM, Suzuki S, Araki E, Nanjo K, Ji L, Ng M, Nishi M, Furuta H, Shirotani T, Ahn BY, Chung SS, Min HK, Lee SW, Kim JH, Cho YM, Lee HK. A mitochondrial DNA variant at position 16189 is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asians. Diabetologia 2008; 51:602-8. [PMID: 18251004 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-0933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 01/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS This multinational study was conducted to investigate the association between a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) T16189C polymorphism and type 2 diabetes in Asians. The mtDNA 16189C variant has been reported to be associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, a recent meta-analysis concluded that it is negatively associated with type 2 diabetes in Europids. Since the phenotype of an mtDNA mutant may be influenced by environmental factors and ethnic differences in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, we investigated the association between the 16189C variant and type 2 diabetes in Asians. METHODS The presence of the mtDNA 16189C variant was determined in 2,469 patients with type 2 diabetes and 1,205 non-diabetic individuals from Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and China. An additional meta-analysis including previously published Asian studies was performed. Since mtDNA nucleotide position 16189 is very close to the mtDNA origin of replication, we performed DNA-linked affinity chromatography and reverse-phase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and chromatin immunoprecipitation to identify protein bound to the 16189 region. RESULTS Analysis of participants from five Asian countries confirmed the association between the 16189C variant and type 2 diabetes [odds ratio (OR) 1.256, 95% CI 1.08-1.46, p=0.003]. Inclusion of data from three previously published Asian studies (type 2 diabetes n=3,283, controls n=2,176) in a meta-analysis showed similar results (OR 1.335, 95% CI 1.18-1.51, p=0.000003). Mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein (mtSSB) was identified as a candidate protein bound to the 16189 region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation in cybrid cells showed that mtSSB has a lower binding affinity for the 16189C variant than the wild-type sequence. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The mtDNA 16189C variant is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kwak SH, Cho YM, Moon MK, Kim JH, Park BL, Cheong HS, Shin HD, Jang HC, Kim SY, Lee HK, Park KS. Association of polymorphisms in the insulin-degrading enzyme gene with type 2 diabetes in the Korean population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008; 79:284-90. [PMID: 17913278 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2007.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a metalloproteinase which degrades insulin and terminates its action. Homologous deletion of IDE gene resulted in hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Several genetic association studies examined IDE as a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes in European descents. Here we investigated the genetic association of IDE polymorphisms with the risk of type 2 diabetes and its related phenotypes in the Korean population. Among six single nucleotide polymorphisms analyzed, g.-179T>C (OR=1.73, P=0.04), and g.IVS18+99G>A (OR=1.23, P=0.02) revealed borderline association with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Combining our results with previous data obtained from the European population, g.-179T>C (OR=1.11, P=0.03), and g.IVS24-64A>T (OR=1.18, P=0.005) showed significant association with type 2 diabetes. Haplotype consisting of common alleles of the six polymorphisms was associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (OR=0.82, P=0.02). However, none of the polymorphisms was significantly associated with metabolic phenotypes. We can conclude that variations in IDE might contribute to diabetes susceptibility in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cho YM, Kim JT, Ko KS, Koo BK, Yang SW, Park MH, Lee HK, Park KS. Fulminant type 1 diabetes in Korea: high prevalence among patients with adult-onset type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2007; 50:2276-9. [PMID: 17724575 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of fulminant type 1 diabetes and the clinical characteristics of the disease among newly diagnosed Korean patients. METHODS Using data retrieved from the Seoul National University Hospital database, we identified all patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes from 1 January 1999 to 31 July 2006. Information on clinical manifestations and laboratory data, including the presence of islet autoantibodies detected at diagnosis, were obtained by reviewing medical records. RESULTS We identified 99 patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Seven patients (7.1%) fulfilled the criteria for fulminant type 1 diabetes. Among the patients aged > or =18 years at onset, 30.4% had fulminant type 1 diabetes. Patients with this diabetes subtype tested negative for islet autoantibodies, had a higher age of onset (median 28 vs 10 years, p < 0.001) and a markedly shorter duration from onset of hyperglycaemic symptoms to first hospital visit (median 3 vs 30 days, p < 0.001) than patients with non-fulminant type 1 diabetes, and showed trends of increased serum aspartate aminotransferase and amylase levels and a decreased glucagon-stimulated serum C-peptide response. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In Korea, the prevalence of fulminant type 1 diabetes was 7.1% among all patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and 30.4% among patients with adult-onset diabetes. The clinical and metabolic characteristics of the patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes were similar to those reported in Japanese studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea
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Koo BK, Cho YM, Park BL, Cheong HS, Shin HD, Jang HC, Kim SY, Lee HK, Park KS. Polymorphisms of KCNJ11 (Kir6.2 gene) are associated with Type 2 diabetes and hypertension in the Korean population. Diabet Med 2007; 24:178-86. [PMID: 17257281 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.02050.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Kir6.2 is found in the pancreatic B-cell, cardiac and skeletal muscle and non-vascular smooth muscle. KCNJ11, encoding Kir6.2, has been shown to be associated with both Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in several populations. In this study, we investigated whether polymorphisms in KCNJ11 are associated with Type 2 diabetes and other metabolic phenotypes in the Korean population. METHODS We sequenced KCNJ11 to identify common polymorphisms using 24 Korean DNA samples. Of the 14 polymorphisms found in KCNJ11, six common ones [genomic sequence (g.)-1709A>T, g.-1525T>C, g.67G>A (E23K), g.570C>T (A190A), g.1009A>G (I337V), and g.1388C>T] were genotyped in 761 Type 2 diabetic patients and in 630 non-diabetic subjects. RESULTS All the polymorphic loci in KCNJ11 are in strong linkage disequilibrium in the Korean population and act as one haplotype block. g.67G>A and g.1009A>G were associated with an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes [age, sex, and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted odds ratios (OR) = 1.376 (1.085-1.745), P = 0.008 and 1.411 (1.111-1.791), P = 0.005, respectively], as was one haplotype (A-T-A-C-G-C in the order of polymorphisms as shown above) containing g.67A and g.1009G [OR = 1.359 (1.080-1.709), P = 0.009]. The haplotype (A-T-A-C-G-C) was also strongly associated with hypertension [OR = 1.655 (1.288-2.126), P < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms in KCNJ11 are associated with Type 2 diabetes and also with hypertension in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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Oh JY, Lim S, Kim DJ, Kim NH, Kim DJ, Moon SD, Jang HC, Cho YM, Song KH, Park KS. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in Korea: a pooled analysis of four community-based cohort studies. Diabet Med 2007; 24:217-8. [PMID: 17257287 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cho YM, Choi H, Hwang IH, Kim YK, Myung KH. Effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and manipulated dietary cation-anion difference on the tenderness of beef from cull native Korean cows. J Anim Sci 2006; 84:1481-8. [PMID: 16699104 DOI: 10.2527/2006.8461481x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we characterized the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH D3) and manipulated dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on the performance, urine pH, serum constituents, carcass traits, tissue residual vitamin D and its metabolites, beef tenderness, and mRNA and protein concentrations of Ca-dependent proteinases in LM using 24 cull native Korean cows. The cows were divided into 3 groups of 8: control, 25-OH D3 supplemented (25-OH D3), and manipulated DCAD plus 25-OH D3 supplemented (DCAD+25-OH D3). Cows receiving 25-OH D3 or DCAD+25-OH D3 were dosed with 125 mg of 25-OH D3 6 d before slaughter. The manipulated DCAD (-10 mEq/100 g of DM) diet was fed from 20 to 6 d (14 d) before slaughter. The DCAD+25-OH D3 treatment decreased urine pH and increased serum Ca concentrations. Although the vitamin D concentrations in LM, liver, and kidney were not affected by 25-OH D3 or DCAD+25-OH D3, muscle tissue 25-OH D3 concentrations were increased by both regimens. Serum 25-OH D3 concentrations were increased by 25-OH D3 supplementation, and the increase was even greater for DCAD+25-OH D3. The same pattern was observed for serum 1,25- (OH)2 D3. However, the LM concentration of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 was less for DCAD+25-OH D3 than for control. Although Ca concentrations of LM increased numerically in response to 25-OH D3 supplementation, no statistical differences in Warner-Bratzler shear force or sensory traits of LM were detected. The LM of cows receiving 25-OH D3 with or without manipulated DCAD had greater concentrations of mu-calpain and m-calpain mRNA, whereas the reverse was observed for calpastatin mRNA. Expression of mu-calpain protein was increased relative to control by DCAD+25-OH D3. The amount of 25-OH D3 and manipulated DCAD administered to cull native Korean cows was insufficient to improve tenderness of beef by increasing muscle Ca concentration. However, DCAD+25-OH D3 induced greater expressions of mu-calpain protein as well as mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Cho
- Hanwoo Experiment Station, National Livestock Research Institute, Pyungchang, Gangwon 232-950, Korea
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Chung SS, Choi HH, Cho YM, Lee HK, Park KS. Sp1 mediates repression of the resistin gene by PPARγ agonists in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 348:253-8. [PMID: 16876120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Resistin is an adipokine related to obesity and insulin resistance. Expression of the resistin gene is repressed by the treatment of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists, thiazolidinediones (TZDs). In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which TZDs inhibit the resistin gene expression. Resistin gene expression was decreased by TZD in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which was abolished after treatment of cycloheximide (a protein synthesis inhibitor). TZD could not repress the expression of the resistin gene in the presence of mithramycin A (an Sp1 binding inhibitor). Sp1 binding site of the resistin promoter (-122/-114bp) was necessary for the repression. Further investigation of the effect of TZDs on the modification of Sp1 showed that the level of O-glycosylation of Sp1 was decreased in this process. These results suggest that PPARgamma activation represses the expression of the resistin gene by modulating Sp1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Chung
- Genome Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Disease, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
The analgesic effects of intranasal delivery of leucine enkephalin (Leu-Enk) and its synthetic analogue [D-ala(2)]-leucine enkephalinamide (YAGFL) with or without enzyme inhibitors and/or absorption enhancers were investigated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice. The analgesic activity was significantly affected by the time delay after the administration of Leu-Enk; the inhibition rates for the groups administered with acetic acid 5 min and 30 min after the administration of Leu-Enk were 56.40 +/- 8.54 and 17.98 +/- 7.07%, respectively. The addition of enzyme inhibitors and absorption enhancers markedly increased the inhibition rate of Leu-Enk and YAGFL; their inhibition rates were about four times and twice those without any enzyme inhibitor or absorption enhancer, respectively. The enzyme inhibitors and absorption enhancers that produced the highest inhibition rates of Leu-Enk and YAGFL were azelaic acid (1%), thimerosal (0.5 mM, TM), ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (5 mM, EDTA) and L-alpha-lysophosphatidylcholine (0.5%, LPC), and TM (0.5 mM), EDTA (5 mM), LPC (0.5%) and povidone (5%), respectively. The ED50 value of both enkephalins was also determined and found to be about 13 microg kg(-1), which is 850 and 60 times more potent than literature values for ketoprofen and morphine, respectively. Based on these results it was concluded that Leu-Enk or YAGFL could exert very high analgesic activity when administered nasally with a combination of inhibitors and absorption enhancers as compared with other analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Gwak
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, South Korea
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Cheong HS, Yoon DH, Kim LH, Park BL, Choi YH, Chung ER, Cho YM, Park EW, Cheong IC, Oh SJ, Yi SG, Park T, Shin HD. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) polymorphisms associated with carcass traits of meat in Korean cattle. BMC Genet 2006; 7:35. [PMID: 16749938 PMCID: PMC1524984 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-7-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold carcass weight (CW) and longissimus muscle area (EMA) are the major quantitative traits in beef cattle. In this study, we found several polymorphisms of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) gene and examined the association of polymorphisms with carcass traits (CW and EMA) in Korean native cattle (Hanwoo). RESULTS By direct DNA sequencing in 24 unrelated Korean cattle, we identified 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms within the 9 kb full gene region, including the 1.5 kb promoter region. Among them, six polymorphic sites were selected for genotyping in our beef cattle (n = 428) and five marker haplotypes (frequency > 0.1) were identified. Statistical analysis revealed that -4241A>T showed significant associations with CW and EMA. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in GHRH might be one of the important genetic factors that influence carcass yield in beef cattle. Sequence variation/haplotype information identified in this study would provide valuable information for the production of a commercial line of beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, 153-803, Korea
| | - Du-Hak Yoon
- National Livestock Research Institute, RDA, 441-706, Korea
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, 153-803, Korea
| | - Byung Lae Park
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, 153-803, Korea
| | - Yoo Hyun Choi
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, 153-803, Korea
| | - Eui Ryong Chung
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangi University, Wonju, Kangwon Do, 220-702, Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- National Livestock Research Institute, RDA, 441-706, Korea
| | - Eng Woo Park
- National Livestock Research Institute, RDA, 441-706, Korea
| | | | - Sung-Jong Oh
- National Livestock Research Institute, RDA, 441-706, Korea
| | - Sung-Gon Yi
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Taesung Park
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, 153-803, Korea
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Park KS, Shin HD, Park BL, Cheong HS, Cho YM, Lee HK, Lee JY, Lee JK, Kim HT, Park CS, Han BG, Kimm K, Oh B. Putative association of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1beta (PPARGC1B) polymorphism with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2006; 23:635-42. [PMID: 16759305 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1beta (PPARGC1B) may play an important role in obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In an effort to identify genetic polymorphisms in potential candidate genes for T2DM, genetic associations of PPARGC1B were examined in a Korean T2DM study. METHODS We have sequenced the PPARGC1B, and examined its association with T2DM and diabetic phenotypes in a Korean T2DM study (775 T2DM patients and 316 control subjects) using the TaqMan method. Logistic and multiple regression models were employed to analyse the genetic contributions of polymorphisms. Nineteen polymorphisms were identified in PPARGC1B. RESULTS By logistic regression analysis controlling for age and sex as covariates, one non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; +102605C>A; Arg292Ser) in exon 5 showed marginal significant associations with the risk of T2DM. The allele frequency of the minor allele ['A (= Ser)' allele of +102605C>A] was lower among T2DM patients (frequency = 0.101) than among control subjects (frequency = 0.135) [P = 0.03, OR = 0.71 (95% CI: 0.51-0.94)]. Furthermore, serum triglyceride level was also associated with this non-synonymous SNP (+102605C>A; Arg292Ser) in exon 5 among controls (P = 0.03 in the dominant analysing model). Serum triglyceride levels [1.46 +/- 0.70 (log-transformed value; 0.12 +/- 0.18)] were lower in individuals who carry one or two copies of minor alleles than among others [1.60 +/- 0.85 (log-transformed value; 0.16 +/- 0.21)]. CONCLUSION The present study provides, for the first time, information about genetic polymorphisms in PPARGC1B and putative associations of one non-synonymous SNP with the risk of T2DM and serum triglyceride (TG) levels in the Korean population, although this result was not significant after correction for multiple testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Park
- Genome Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Disease, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea
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