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El-Askary H, Salem HH, Abdel Motaal A. Potential Mechanisms Involved in the Protective Effect of Dicaffeoylquinic Acids from Artemisia annua L. Leaves against Diabetes and Its Complications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030857. [PMID: 35164118 PMCID: PMC8839821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease affecting the globe and its incidence is increasing pandemically. The use of plant-derived natural products for diabetes management is of great interest. Polar fraction of Artemisia annua L. leaves has shown antidiabetic activity in vivo. In the present study, three major compounds were isolated from this polar fraction; namely, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1); 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (2), and 3,4- dicaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (3), using VLC-RP-18 and HPLC techniques. The potential protective effects of these compounds against diabetes and its complications were investigated by employing various in vitro enzyme inhibition assays. Furthermore, their antioxidant and wound healing effectiveness were evaluated. Results declared that these dicaffeoylquinic acids greatly inhibited DPPIV enzyme while moderately inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme, where compounds 1 and 3 displayed the most prominent effects. In addition, compound 3 showed pronounced inhibition of α-amylase enzyme. Moreover, these compounds markedly inhibited aldose reductase enzyme and exerted powerful antioxidant effects, among which compound 3 exhibited the highest activity implying a notable potentiality in impeding diabetes complications. Interestingly, compounds 2 and 3 moderately accelerated scratch wound healing. Our findings suggest that these dicaffeoylquinic acids can be promising therapeutic agents for managing diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham El-Askary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (H.E.-A.); or (H.H.S.)
| | - Heba H. Salem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (H.E.-A.); or (H.H.S.)
| | - Amira Abdel Motaal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
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2
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Li J, Dou L, Chen S, Zhou H, Mou F. Neochlorogenic acid: an anti-HIV active compound identified by screening of Cortex Mori [ Morus Alba L. (Moraceae)]. Pharm Biol 2021; 59:1517-1527. [PMID: 34714196 PMCID: PMC8567877 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1995005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chinese herbs such as Cortex Mori [Morus alba L. (Moraceae)] may inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but active compounds are unknown. OBJECTIVE Screening of Cortex Mori and other herbs for anti-HIV active compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS HIV-1 virus (multiplicity of infection: 20), and herbs (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, working concentrations: 10, 1, and 0.1 mg/mL) such as Cortex Mori, etc., were added to 786-O cells (105 cell/well). Zidovudine was used as a positive control. Cell survival and viral inhibition rates were measured. The herb that was the closest inactivity to zidovudine was screened. Mass spectrometry identified the active compounds in herbs (mobile phase: 0.05% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile, gradient elution, detection wavelength: 210 nm). The effect of the compounds on reverse transcriptase (RT) products were evaluated by real-time PCR. Gene enrichment was used to analyse underlying mechanisms. RESULTS With a dose of 1 mg/mL of Cortex Mori, the cell survival rate (57.94%) and viral inhibition rate (74.95%) were closest to the effect of zidovudine (87.87%, 79.81%, respectively). Neochlorogenic acid, one of the active ingredients, was identified by mass spectrometry in Cortex Mori. PCR discovery total RT products of neochlorogenic acid group (mean relative gene expression: 6.01) significantly inhibited (control: 35.42, p < 0.0001). Enrichment analysis showed that neochlorogenic acid may act on haemopoietic cell kinase, epidermal growth factor receptor, sarcoma, etc., thus inhibiting HIV-1 infection. CONCLUSIONS For people of low socioeconomic status affected by HIV, Chinese medicine (such as Cortex Mori) has many advantages: it is inexpensive and does not easily produce resistance. Drugs based on active ingredients may be developed and could have important value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, China
| | - Lu Dou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
- The Center of Clinical Research of Endocrinology and Metabolic diseases in Chongqing and Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuangfeng Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong, China
| | - Fangzheng Mou
- Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Wanzhou, China
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Adamenko K, Kawa-Rygielska J, Kucharska AZ, Głowacki A, Piórecki N. Changes in the Antioxidative Activity and the Content of Phenolics and Iridoids during Fermentation and Aging of Natural Fruit Meads. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081113. [PMID: 34439780 PMCID: PMC8394733 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate changes in the content of biologically active compounds during the fermentation and aging of natural meads with the addition of three Cornelian cherry juices from three cultivars: 'Koralovyi', 'Podolski' and 'Yantarnyi', in the amount of 10% v/v. After the fermentation process the content of gallic and ellagic acids significantly increased, in relation to wort. Whereas the greatest losses were observed among unstable anthocyanins. The three-month aging process also reduced the content of the analyzed compounds except for ellagic acid, the content of which increased by up to 90%. The content of biologically active compounds, including iridoids and antioxidant phenolics, are constantly changing in the process of fermentation and aging of fruit meads. The studies proved that the addition of Cornelian cherry juice allows significantly enriched classic meads with new biologically active compounds, such as: exceptional iridoids (loganic acid, cornuside, loganine, sweroside), flavonols, phenolic acids and anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Adamenko
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.K.-R.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-323-9418
| | - Joanna Kawa-Rygielska
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.K.-R.); (A.G.)
| | - Alicja Z. Kucharska
- Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Department of Fruit, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Adam Głowacki
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (J.K.-R.); (A.G.)
| | - Narcyz Piórecki
- Institute and Arboretum of Physiography in Bolestraszyce, 37-700 Przemyśl, Poland;
- Faculty of Physical Educaiton, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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Torres A, Noriega LG, Delgadillo-Puga C, Tovar AR, Navarro-Ocaña A. Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives of Purple Sweet Potato as Modulators of Mitochondrial Function in Mouse Primary Hepatocytes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020319. [PMID: 33435516 PMCID: PMC7827015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to their antioxidant properties, caffeoylquinic acid (CQA)-derivatives could potentially improve the impaired metabolism in hepatic cells, however, their effect on mitochondrial function has not been demonstrated yet. Here, we evaluated the impact of three CQA-derivatives extracted from purple sweet potato, namely 5-CQA, 3,4- and 4,5-diCQA, on mitochondrial activity in primary hepatocytes using an extracellular flux analyzer. Notably, an increase of maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity were observed when 5-CQA and 3,4-diCQA were added to the system indicating the improved mitochondrial function. Moreover, 3,4-diCQA was shown to considerably increase glycolytic reserve which is a measure of cell capability to respond to an energy demand through glycolysis. Conversely, 4,5-diCQA did not modify mitochondrial activity but increased glycolysis at low concentration in primary hepatocytes. All compounds tested improved cellular capacity to oxidize fatty acids. Overall, our results demonstrated the potential of test CQA-derivatives to modify mitochondrial function in hepatic cells. It is especially relevant in case of dysfunctional mitochondria in hepatocytes linked to hepatic steatosis during obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Torres
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04529, Mexico;
| | - Lilia G. Noriega
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (L.G.N.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Claudia Delgadillo-Puga
- Departamento de Nutrición Animal Dr. Fernando Pérez-Gil Romo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico;
| | - Armando R. Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (L.G.N.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Arturo Navarro-Ocaña
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04529, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55556225345
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5
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Woo HS, Shin KC, Kim JY, Kim YS, Ban YJ, Oh YJ, Cho HJ, Oh DK, Kim DW. Bakkenolides and Caffeoylquinic Acids from the Aerial Portion of Petasites japonicus and Their Bacterial Neuraminidase Inhibition Ability. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060888. [PMID: 32532086 PMCID: PMC7357027 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Petasites japonicus have been used since a long time in folk medicine to treat diseases including plague, pestilential fever, allergy, and inflammation in East Asia and European countries. Bioactive compounds that may prevent and treat infectious diseases are identified based on their ability to inhibit bacterial neuraminidase (NA). We aimed to isolate and identify bioactive compounds from leaves and stems of P. japonicas (PJA) and elucidate their mechanisms of NA inhibition. Key bioactive compounds of PJA responsible for NA inhibition were isolated using column chromatography, their chemical structures revealed using 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, DEPT, and HMBC, and identified to be bakkenolide B (1), bakkenolide D (2), 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4). Of these, 3 exhibited the most potent NA inhibitory activity (IC50 = 2.3 ± 0.4 μM). Enzyme kinetic studies revealed that 3 and 4 were competitive inhibitors, whereas 2 exhibited non-competitive inhibition. Furthermore, a molecular docking simulation revealed the binding affinity of these compounds to NA and their mechanism of inhibition. Negative-binding energies indicated high proximity of these compounds to the active site and allosteric sites of NA. Therefore, PJA has the potential to be further developed as an antibacterial agent for use against diseases associated with NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sim Woo
- Plant Resource Industry Division, Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa-gun 26209, Korea; (H.S.W.); (Y.-S.K.); (Y.J.O.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Kyung-Chul Shin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (K.-C.S.); (D.-K.O.)
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Y.J.B.)
| | - Yeong-Su Kim
- Plant Resource Industry Division, Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa-gun 26209, Korea; (H.S.W.); (Y.-S.K.); (Y.J.O.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Young Jun Ban
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Y.J.B.)
| | - Yu Jin Oh
- Plant Resource Industry Division, Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa-gun 26209, Korea; (H.S.W.); (Y.-S.K.); (Y.J.O.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Hae Jin Cho
- Plant Resource Industry Division, Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa-gun 26209, Korea; (H.S.W.); (Y.-S.K.); (Y.J.O.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (K.-C.S.); (D.-K.O.)
| | - Dae Wook Kim
- Plant Resource Industry Division, Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa-gun 26209, Korea; (H.S.W.); (Y.-S.K.); (Y.J.O.); (H.J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-54-679-2738; Fax: +82-54-679-0636
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Salem MA, Michel HE, Ezzat MI, Okba MM, EL-Desoky AM, Mohamed SO, Ezzat SM. Optimization of an Extraction Solvent for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Based on Its UPLC-MS/MS Metabolic Profiling. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102307. [PMID: 32422967 PMCID: PMC7287694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hibiscus species (Malvaceae) have been long used as an antihypertensive folk remedy. The aim of our study was to specify the optimum solvent for extraction of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibiting (ACEI) constituents from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. The 80% methanol extract (H2) showed the highest ACEI activity, which exceeds that of the standard captopril (IC50 0.01255 ± 0.00343 and 0.210 ± 0.005 µg/mL, respectively). Additionally, in a comprehensive metabolomics approach, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to the high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS) method was used to trace the metabolites from each extraction method. Interestingly, our comprehensive analysis showed that the 80% methanol extract was predominated with secondary metabolites from all classes including flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic and organic acids. Among the detected metabolites, phenolic acids such as ferulic and chlorogenic acids, organic acids such as citrate derivatives and flavonoids such as kaempferol have been positively correlated to the antihypertensive potential. These results indicates that these compounds may significantly contribute synergistically to the ACE inhibitory activity of the 80% methanol extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Salem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Gamal Abd El Nasr st., Shibin Elkom 32511, Egypt;
| | - Haidy E. Michel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Marwa I. Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.I.E.); (M.M.O.)
| | - Mona M. Okba
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.I.E.); (M.M.O.)
| | - Ahmed M. EL-Desoky
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City (USC), Sadat City 32958, Egypt;
| | - Shanaz O. Mohamed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
| | - Shahira M. Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (M.I.E.); (M.M.O.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza 12451, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-120-000-4301
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Hsu FC, Tsai SF, Lee SS. Chemical investigation of Hyptis suaveolens seed, a potential antihyperuricemic nutraceutical, with assistance of HPLC-SPE-NMR. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:897-905. [PMID: 31590761 PMCID: PMC9306982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shoei-Sheng Lee
- Corresponding author: Fax: +886 2 23916127. E-mail address: (S.-S. Lee)
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Ito T, Oyama KI, Yoshida K. Direct Observation of Hydrangea Blue-Complex Composed of 3- O-Glucosyldelphinidin, Al 3+ and 5- O-Acylquinic Acid by ESI-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2018; 23:E1424. [PMID: 29895788 PMCID: PMC6100629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The blue sepal color of hydrangea is due to a metal complex anthocyanin composed of 3-O-glucosyldelphinidin (1) and an aluminum ion with the co-pigments 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2) and/or 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid (3). The three components, namely anthocyanin, Al3+ and 5-O-acylquinic acids, are essential for blue color development, but the complex is unstable and only exists in an aqueous solution. Furthermore, the complex did not give analyzable NMR spectra or crystals. Therefore, many trials to determine the detailed chemical structure of the hydrangea-blue complex have not been successful to date. Instead, via experiments mixing 1, Al3+ and 2 or 3 in a buffered solution at pH 4.0, we obtained the same blue solution derived from the sepals. However, the ratio was not stoichiometric but fluctuated. To determine the composition of the complex, we tried direct observation of the molecular ion of the complex using electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry. In a very low-concentration buffer solution (2.0 mM) at pH 4.0, we reproduced the hydrangea-blue color by mixing 1, 2 and Al3+ in ratios of 1:1:1, 1:2:1 and 1:3:1. All solution gave the same molecular ion peak at m/z = 843, indicating that the blue solution has a ratio of 1:1:1 for the complex. By using 3, the observed mass number was m/z = 827 and the ratio of 1, 3 and Al3+ was also 1:1:1. A mixture of 1, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4) and Al3+ did not give any blue color but instead was purple, and the intensity of the molecular ion peak at m/z = 843 was very low. These results strongly indicate that the hydrangea blue-complex is composed of a ratio of 1:1:1 for 1, Al3+ and 2 or 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Ito
- Graduate School of Information Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Kin-Ichi Oyama
- Research Institute for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Kumi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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Abstract
Gnaphalium affine D. Don, a medicinal and edible plant, has been used to treat gout in traditional Chinese medicine and popularly consumed in China for a long time. A detailed phytochemical investigation on the aerial part of G. affine led to the isolation of two new esters of caffeoylquinic acid named (-) ethyl 1, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinate (1) and (-) methyl 1, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinate (2), together with 35 known compounds (3-37). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and first-order multiplet analysis. All the isolated compounds were tested for their xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with an in vitro enzyme inhibitory screening assay. Among the tested compounds, 1 (IC50 11.94 μmol·L-1) and 2 (IC50 15.04 μmol·L-1) showed a good inhibitory activity. The current results supported the medical use of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chun-Zhen Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; Sinopharm Health Industry Research Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Si-Yang Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Zheng Z, Wang X, Liu P, Li M, Dong H, Qiao X. Semi-Preparative Separation of 10 Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives Using High Speed Counter-Current Chromatogaphy Combined with Semi-Preparative HPLC from the Roots of Burdock (Arctium lappa L.). Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020429. [PMID: 29462864 PMCID: PMC6017412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Burdock roots are healthy dietary supplements and a kind of famous traditional Chinese medicine, which contains large amounts of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives. However, little research has been reported on the preparative separation of these compounds from burdock roots. In the present study, a combinative method of HSCCC and semi-preparative HPLC was developed for the semi-preparative separation of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives from the burdock roots. The ethyl acetate extract of burdock roots was first fractionated by MCI macroporous resin chromatography and give three fractions (Fr. 1–3) from the elution of 40% methanol. Then, these three fractions (120 mg) were separately subjected to HSCCC for purification with the solvent system composed of petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-methanol-water at different volume ratios, and the mixtures were further purified by semi-preparative HPLC. As a result, a total of eight known caffeoylquinic acid derivatives including 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (32.7 mg, 95.7%), 1,5-O- dicaffeoylquinic acid (4.3 mg, 97.2%), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (12.1 mg, 93.2%), 1,3-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (42.9 mg, 91.1%), 1,5-O-dicaffeoyl-3-O-(4-maloyl)-quinic acid (4.3 mg, 84.5%), 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (5.3 mg, 95.5%), 1,5-O-dicaffeoyl-3-O-succinylquinic acid (8.7 mg, 93.4%), and 1,5-O-dicaffeoyl-4-O-succinylquinic acid (1.7 mg, 91.8%), and two new compounds were obtained. The new compounds were 1,4-O-dicaffeoyl-3-succinyl methyl ester quinic acid (14.6 mg, 96.1%) and 1,5-O-dicaffeoyl-3-O-succinyl methyl ester quinic acid (3.1 mg, 92.6%), respectively. The research indicated that the combination of HSCCC and semi-preparative HPLC is a highly efficient approach for preparative separation of the instability and bioactive caffeoylquinic acid derivatives from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjia Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM Quality Control Technology, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Pengli Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Meng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Key Laboratory of TCM Quality Control Technology, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xuguang Qiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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Usuki T, Onda S, Yoshizawa-Fujita M, Rikukawa M. Use of [C 4mim]Cl for efficient extraction of caffeoylquinic acids from sweet potato leaves. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6890. [PMID: 28761111 PMCID: PMC5537367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas, is a widely cultivated vegetable worldwide. The leaves contain polyphenolic natural products called caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs), which possess biological activities including inhibition of aggregation of amyloid peptides. The present study describes an efficient extraction and isolation procedure for CQAs from sweet potato leaves using a cellulose-dissolving ionic liquid. The results showed that, compared to methanol, use of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl) allowed the extraction of a 6.5-fold greater amount of CQAs. This protocol will enable the efficient extraction of other organic compounds and biopolymers from natural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyonobu Usuki
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan.
| | - Shingo Onda
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshizawa-Fujita
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Masahiro Rikukawa
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
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12
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da Silveira TFF, Meinhart AD, de Souza TCL, Cunha ECE, de Moraes MR, Filho JT, Godoy HT. Optimization of the Preparation Conditions of Yerba Mate tea Beverage to Maximize Chlorogenic Acids Extraction. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2017; 72:219-223. [PMID: 28466135 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The beverage obtained from the yerba mate tea, besides being the most consumed in Brazil, has high concentrations of chlorogenic acids. In this study, a central composite design was employed to establish the best infusion time, temperature and water volume to maximize the extraction of chlorogenic acids 5-caffeoylquinic (5CQ), 3.4-dicaffeoylquinic (3.4 DQ), 3.5-dicaffeoylquinic (3.5 DQ) and 4.5-dicaffeoylquinic (4.5 DQ), from the leaves and stems of yerba mate tea (beverage ready for consumption). Analyses were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography and the optimum conditions were obtained through the use of the desirability function of Derringer and Suich. The maximum chlorogenic acids content in the beverage was obtained when the infusion was prepared with 2 g of mate tea, in 300 mL of water at 95 °C, under infusion for 16 min. The optimal conditions were applied for the preparation of beverages from 15 commercial samples of yerba mate tea, and it was observed that the sum of the concentration of the four compounds showed variation of up to 79 times between the average of the samples, which can be attributed to climatic conditions of cultivation of the plant and/or of processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Rosa de Moraes
- School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José Teixeira Filho
- School of Agricultural Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Teixeira Godoy
- School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Wang D, Du N, Wen L, Zhu H, Liu F, Wang X, Du J, Li S. An Efficient Method for the Preparative Isolation and Purification of Flavonoid Glycosides and Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives from Leaves of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Using High Speed Counter-Current Chromatography (HSCCC) and Prep-HPLC Guided by DPPH-HPLC Experiments. Molecules 2017. [PMID: 28157166 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020229/1420-3049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the n-butanol extract from leaves of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (L. japonica) was reacted with DPPH and subjected to a HPLC analysis for the guided screening antioxidants (DPPH-HPLC experiments). Then, nine antioxidants, including flavonoid glycosides and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, were isolated and purified from leaves of L. japonica using high speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and prep-HPLC. The n-butanol extract was firstly isolated by HSCCC using methyl tert-butyl ether/n-butanol/acetonitrile/water (0.5% acetic acid) (2:2:1:5, v/v), yielding five fractions F1, F2 (rhoifolin), F3 (luteoloside), F4 and F5 (collected from the column after the separation). The sub-fractions F1, F4 and F5 were successfully separated by prep-HPLC. Finally, nine compounds, including chlorogenic acid (1), lonicerin (2), rutin (3), rhoifolin (4), luteoloside (5), 3,4-Odicaffeoylquinic acid (6), hyperoside (7), 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (8), and 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (9) were obtained, respectively, with the purities over 94% as determined by HPLC. The structures were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), 1H- and 13C-NMR. Antioxidant activities were tested, and the isolated compounds showed strong antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijie Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Ning Du
- Beijing Centre for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing 100089, China.
| | - Lei Wen
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Heng Zhu
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Jinhua Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Shengbo Li
- Shandong Yate Eco-Tech Co. Ltd., Linyi 266071, China.
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Abdel Motaal A, Ezzat SM, Tadros MG, El-Askary HI. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives from Solidago virgaurea in rats. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:2864-2870. [PMID: 27249953 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1190381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Solidago virgaurea L. (Asteraceae) is traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory for the treatment of various symptoms including cystitis. However, little is known concerning the constituents responsible for this activity and the mechanism of their action. OBJECTIVE To assess the anti-inflammatory activity of the phenolic-rich fraction of S. virgaurea aerial parts in rats, isolate and assess the activity of the major compounds present. MATERIALS AND METHODS An HPLC method was developed for the analysis of the phenolic-rich fraction (EtFr). The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the EtFr and four isolated compounds (at 25 and 50 mg/kg) were assessed in adult male rats using the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model. The levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) were measured using ELISA. RESULTS 3,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (1), 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (2), 3,4,5-O-tricaffeoylquinic acid (3) and 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4) were isolated from EtFr. Compound 3 (50 mg/kg) showed a highly significant activity in inhibiting the oedema volume after 3 h (88% of the activity of indomethacin at 10 mg/kg). The EtFr and the isolated compounds largely inhibited the excessive production of the inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-1β. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This is the first report of 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3) in Solidago species. The tricaffeoylquinic acid (3) showed a significantly higher activity than the other three dicaffeoylquinic acids (1, 2, 4) and indomethacin in reduction of TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations (8.44 ± 0.62 and 5.83 ± 0.57 pg/mL compared to 12.60 ± 1.30 and 52.91 ± 5.20 pg/mL induced by indomethacin, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Abdel Motaal
- a Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
- b Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology , GUC , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- a Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mariane G Tadros
- c Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ein Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Hesham I El-Askary
- a Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
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Yang YF, Ma HM, Chen G, Wang HF, Xiang Z, Feng QM, Hua HM, Pei YH. A new sesquiterpene lactone glycoside and a new quinic acid methyl ester from Patrinia villosa. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2016; 18:945-51. [PMID: 27156969 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2016.1173678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A new sesquiterpene lactone glycoside (1) and a new quinic acid methyl ester (2) were isolated from Patrinia villosa, together with another two known compounds chlorogenic acid n-butyl ester (3), 3, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (4). Their structures were established using 1D/2D-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and comparing with spectroscopic data reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Fen Yang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- d Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Hong-Mei Ma
- c College of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi 830011 , China
| | - Gang Chen
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- d Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- d Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- b Center of Research on Life Science and Environmental Science , Harbin University of Commerce , Harbin 150076 , China
| | - Qing-Mei Feng
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
- d Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University) , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Hui-Ming Hua
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yue-Hu Pei
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
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16
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Torres-Rodríguez ML, García-Chávez E, Berhow M, de Mejia EG. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect of Calea urticifolia lyophilized aqueous extract on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 188:266-274. [PMID: 27139571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Calea urticifolia leaves are traditionally used as a remedy to treat gastric ulcers, diabetes, and inflammation by the Xi'uy ancient native community of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim was to assess the effects of the aqueous extract of the Mexican plant C. urticifolia as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and to provide evidence on the phenolic compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW 264.7 macrophages were stimulated with 1µg/mL of LPS and treated with 10, 25 50, 75 y 100µg/mL of Calea urticifolia lyophilized aqueous extract (CuAqE). Nitric oxide (NO) release, tumor necrosis factor alpha, prostaglandin E2 production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, NF-κB p50 expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured; other pro-inflammatory proteins were measured with membrane antibody array. Phenolic compounds were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS. RESULTS Inflammation was inhibited by suppressing iNOS/NO pathway through inhibiting nucleus translocation of NF-κB p65 and p50 sub-units. ROS production was significantly (P<0.05) inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, the expression of inflammatory markers was suppressed (34.5-88.3%) by CuAqE. A mix of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and flavonoid-glycosides were found in CuAqE. CONCLUSION Phenolic compounds in CuAqE such as caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and flavonoid glycosides could be responsible for inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress by iNOS/NO pathway through suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway and by inhibition of ROS production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Therefore, these results support the traditional knowledge of C. urticifolia tea such as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lucina Torres-Rodríguez
- Programas Multidisciplinarios de Posgrado en Ciencias Ambientales (PMPCA) de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S. L. P., México; Department Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Erika García-Chávez
- Programas Multidisciplinarios de Posgrado en Ciencias Ambientales (PMPCA) de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S. L. P., México; Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas (IIZD) de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, S. L. P., México
| | - Mark Berhow
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia
- Department Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
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Wu QZ, Zhao DX, Xiang J, Zhang M, Zhang CF, Xu XH. Antitussive, expectorant, and anti-inflammatory activities of four caffeoylquinic acids isolated from Tussilago farfara. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:1117-1124. [PMID: 26439905 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1075048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The flower bud of Tussilago farfara L. (Compositae) (FTF) is one of the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs used to treat cough, phlegm, bronchitic, and asthmatic conditions. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to isolate four caffeoylquinic acids from the ethyl acetate extract (EtE) of FTF and to evaluate their antitussive, expectorant, and anti-inflammatory activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The structures of compounds 1-4 isolated from EtE were determined by spectral analysis. Mice were orally treated with these compounds and their mixture (in a ratio of 5:28:41:26 as in EtE) at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg once daily for 3 d. The antitussive and expectorant activities were evaluated separately with the ammonia liquor-induced model and the phenol red secretion model. The anti-inflammation activity was evaluated using leukocyte count in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after ammonia liquor-induced acute airway inflammation. RESULTS The four compounds were identified as chlorogenic acid (1), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (2), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3), and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4). All compounds, especially compound 4 (58.0% inhibition in cough frequency), showed a significant antitussive effect. However, the mixture was the most effective to inhibit the cough frequency by 61.7%. All compounds also showed a significant expectorant effect, while compound 2 was the most potent to enhance the phenol red secretion by 35.7%. All compounds significantly alleviated inflammation, but compound 4 showed the strongest effect to inhibit the leukocytosis by 49.7%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The caffeoylquinic acids and their mixture, exhibiting significant antitussive, expectorant, and anti-inflammatory effects, could be considered as the main effective ingredients of FTF, and they may act in a collective and synergistic way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Zhen Wu
- a Research Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Dong-Xia Zhao
- a Research Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Juan Xiang
- a Research Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Mian Zhang
- a Research Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Chao-Feng Zhang
- a Research Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xiang-Hong Xu
- a Research Department of Pharmacognosy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
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Kicel A, Michel P, Owczarek A, Marchelak A, Żyżelewicz D, Budryn G, Oracz J, Olszewska MA. Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Potential of Leaves from Selected Cotoneaster Medik. Species. Molecules 2016; 21:E688. [PMID: 27240329 PMCID: PMC6274135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant efficiency of 70% aqueous methanolic extracts from the leaves of twelve selected Cotoneaster Medik. species was evaluated using four complementary in vitro tests based on SET- (single electron transfer) and HAT-type (hydrogen atom transfer) mechanisms (DPPH, FRAP, O₂(•-) and H₂O₂ scavenging assays). The samples exhibited the dose-dependent responses in all assays with activity parameters of EC50 = 18.5-34.5 µg/mL for DPPH; 0.9-3.8 mmol Fe(2+)/g for FRAP; SC50 = 27.7-74.8 µg/mL for O₂(•-); and SC50 = 29.0-91.3 µg/mL for H₂O₂. Significant linear correlations (|r| = 0.76-0.97, p < 0.01) between activity parameters and total contents of phenolics (5.2%-15.4% GAE) and proanthocyanidins (2.1%-15.0% CYE), with weak or no effects for chlorogenic acid isomers (0.69%-2.93%) and total flavonoids (0.28%-1.40%) suggested that among the listed polyphenols, proanthocyanidins are the most important determinants of the tested activity. UHPLC-PDA-ESI-QTOF-MS analyses led to detection of 34 polyphenols, of which 10 B-type procyanidins, 5 caffeoylquinic acids and 14 flavonoids were identified. After cluster analysis of the data matrix, the leaves of Cotoneaster zabelii, C. splendens, C. bullatus, C. divaricatus, C. hjelmqvistii and C. lucidus were selected as the most promising sources of natural antioxidants, exhibiting the highest phenolic levels and antioxidant capacities, and therefore the greatest potential for pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kicel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 1 Muszynskiego, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Michel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 1 Muszynskiego, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Owczarek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 1 Muszynskiego, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Marchelak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 1 Muszynskiego, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Dorota Żyżelewicz
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 4/10 Stefanowskiego, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Budryn
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 4/10 Stefanowskiego, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Oracz
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 4/10 Stefanowskiego, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Monika Anna Olszewska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 1 Muszynskiego, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
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Ma Y, Shang Y, Zhu D, Wang C, Zhong Z, Xu Z. Facile Separation of 5-O-Galloylquinic Acid from Chinese Green Tea Extract using Mesoporous Zirconium Phosphate. Phytochem Anal 2016; 27:153-157. [PMID: 27313152 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 5-O-Galloylquinic acid from green tea and other plants is attracting increasing attention for its antioxidant and antileishmanial bioactivities. It is always isolated using a silica column, a Sephadex column and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods, which are either laborious or instrument dependent. OBJECTIVE To develop a new method to easily separate 5-O-galloylquinic acid. METHODOLOGY Mesoporous zirconium phosphate (m-ZrP) was prepared to conveniently separate 5-O-galloylquinic acid from Chinese green tea extract, and the target compound was easily obtained by simple steps of adsorption, washing and desorption. The effects of the green tea extraction conditions, extract concentrations, and m-ZrP adsorption/desorption dynamics on the 5-O-galloylquinic acid separation were evaluated. RESULTS 5-O-Galloylquinic acid that was separated from a 70% ethanol extract of green tea was of moderate HPLC purity (92%) and recovery (88%), and an increased non-specific binding of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on m-ZrP was observed in the diluted tea extract. The times for maximal adsorption of 5-O-galloylquinic acid in 70% ethanol extract and maximal desorption of 5-O-galloylquinic acid in 0.4% phosphoric acid solution were confirmed as 7 h and 5 h, respectively. CONCLUSION A facile method to separate 5-O-galloylquinic acid from Chinese green tea extract using m-ZrP was established. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Ma
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Processing, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng Campus, Xuancheng, P. R. China
| | - Yafang Shang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Processing, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng Campus, Xuancheng, P. R. China
| | - Danye Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Processing, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng Campus, Xuancheng, P. R. China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Processing, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng Campus, Xuancheng, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Zhong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Processing, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng Campus, Xuancheng, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Processing, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng Campus, Xuancheng, P. R. China
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20
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Liu J, Xu M, Zhu MY, Feng Y. Chemoreversal Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Penicillium citrinum Isolated from a Mangrove Avicennia marina. Nat Prod Commun 2015; 10:1203-1205. [PMID: 26411011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new compounds, named (Z)-7,4'-dimethoxy-6-hydroxyaurone-4-O-β-glucopyranoside (1) and (-)-4-O-(4-O-β-D-glucopyranosylcaffeoyl)quinic acid (2), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum of Avicennia marina. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Additionally, compound 2 exhibited potent chemoreversal activity, mainly by inhibiting P-glycoprotein efflux pump function.
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Meyer RS, Whitaker BD, Little DP, Wu SB, Kennelly EJ, Long CL, Litt A. Parallel reductions in phenolic constituents resulting from the domestication of eggplant. Phytochemistry 2015; 115:194-206. [PMID: 25813879 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Crop domestication is often accompanied by changes in metabolite compositions that alter traits such as flavor, color, or other beneficial properties. Fruits of eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) and related species are abundant and diverse in pharmacologically interesting phenolic compounds, particularly hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) conjugates such as the antioxidant caffeoylquinic acids (CQA) and HCA-polyamine amides (HCAA). To understand metabolite variability through the lens of natural and artificial selection, HPLC-DAD was used to generate phenolic profiles for 32 compounds in fruits from 93 accessions representing 9 Solanum species. Profiles were used for identification of species-level and infraspecific chemical patterns across both genetic distance and landscape. Sampling of plant lines included the undomesticated progenitor of eggplant and Asian landraces with a genetic background associated with three Asian regions near proposed separate centers of domestication to test whether chemical changes were convergent despite different origins. Results showed ten compounds were unique to species, and ten other compounds varied significantly in abundance among species. Five CQAs and three HCA-polyamine conjugates were more abundant in wild (undomesticated) versus domesticated eggplant, indicating that artificial selection may have led to reduced phenolic levels. No chemical abundance patterns were associated with site-origin. However, one genetically distinct lineage of geographically-restricted SE Asian eggplants (S. melongena subsp. ovigerum) had a higher HCAA content and diversity than other lineages, which is suggested to be related to artificial selection for small, firm fruit. Overall, patterns show that fruit size, palatability and texture were preferentially selected over health-beneficial phytochemical content during domestication of several nightshade crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Meyer
- The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10458, United States; The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States; New York University, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, 12 Waverly Place, New York, NY 10003, United States.
| | - Bruce D Whitaker
- Food Quality Laboratory, Building 002, Room 117, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center-West, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Damon P Little
- The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10458, United States
| | - Shi-Biao Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, The City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, United States
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, The City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, United States
| | - Chun-Lin Long
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Amy Litt
- The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10458, United States
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Zhao J, Wang M, Avula B, Zhong L, Song Z, Xu Q, Li S, Khan IA. Effect of Processing on the Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Flos Lonicerae: An NMR-based Chemometric Approach. Planta Med 2015; 81:754-764. [PMID: 26039268 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The processing of medicinal materials, known as Pao Zhi in traditional Chinese medicine, is a unique part of traditional Chinese medicine and has been widely used for the preparation of Chinese materia medica. It is believed that processing can alter the properties and functions of remedies, increase medical potency, and reduce toxicity and side effects. Both processed and unprocessed Flos Lonicerae (flowers of Lonicera japonica) are important drug ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. To gain insights on the effect of processing factors (heating temperature and duration) on the change of chemical composition, nuclear magnetic resonance combined with chemometric analysis was applied to investigate the processing of F. Lonicerae. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data were analyzed by means of a heat map and principal components analysis. The results indicated that the composition changed significantly, particularly when processing at the higher temperature (210 °C). Five chemical components, viz. 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and myo-inositol, whose concentration changed significantly during the processing, were isolated and identified. The patterns for the concentration change observed from nuclear magnetic resonance analysis during the processing were confirmed and quantitatively determined by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The study demonstrated that a nuclear magnetic resonance-based chemometric approach could be a promising tool for investigation of the processing of herbal medicines in traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Zhao
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Mei Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Lingyun Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Qiongming Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shunxiang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
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Xu D, Wang Q, Zhang W, Hu B, Zhou L, Zeng X, Sun Y. Inhibitory activities of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives from Ilex kudingcha C.J. Tseng on α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:3694-703. [PMID: 25805337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols and caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives (3-CQA, 4-CQA, 5-CQA, 3,4-diCQA, 3,5-diCQA, and 4,5-diCQA) were prepared from Ilex kudingcha C.J. Tseng, and their effects and mechanisms on the activities of α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated in the present study. As results, the IC50 values for CQA derivatives were 0.16-0.39 mg/mL, and the inhibition mode of CQA derivatives was noncompetitive. On the basis of fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy data, the binding constants and number of binding sites were calculated to be 10(6)-10(8) M(-1) and 1.42-1.87, respectively. CQA derivatives could bind to the enzyme mainly through hydrophobic interaction, altering the microenvironment and molecular conformation of the enzyme, thus decreasing the catalytic activity. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on α-glucosidase inhibitory mechanism by CQA derivatives from I. kudingcha, and the findings suggest a potential use of kudingcha as functional foods for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglan Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
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Pereira AC, Pereira ABD, Moreira CCL, Botion LM, Lemos VS, Braga FC, Cortes SF. Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae) as a potential anti-diabetic drug. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 161:30-35. [PMID: 25500300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves of Hancornia speciosa Gomes are traditionally used to treat diabetes in Brazil. The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential anti-diabetic effect of Hancornia speciosa extract and derived fractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethanolic extract from Hancornia speciosa leaves and chromatographic fractions thereof were evaluated on α-glucosidase assay, on hyperglycemic effect and glucose uptake. The chemical composition of the extract and its most active fraction was investigated by ESI-LC-MS. RESULTS The ethanolic extract and derived fractions inhibited α-glucosidase in vitro. However, only the crude extract and the dichloromethane fraction inhibited the hyperglycemic effect induced by starch or glucose. Both the extract and dichloromethane fraction were also able to increase glucose uptake in adipocytes. Bornesitol, quinic acid, and chorogenic acid were identified in the extract, along with flavonoid glycosides, whereas the dichloromethane fraction is majorly composed by esters of lupeol and/or α/β-amirin. CONCLUSIONS Hancornia speciosa has a potential anti-diabetic effect through a mechanism dependent on inhibition of α-glucosidase and increase on glucose uptake. These results give support to the use on traditional medicine of this medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline C Pereira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Brazil
| | | | - Carolina C L Moreira
- Laboratório de Metabolismo Celular, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Brazil
| | - Leida M Botion
- Laboratório de Metabolismo Celular, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Brazil
| | - Virgínia S Lemos
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Fernão C Braga
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Brazil
| | - Steyner F Cortes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Brazil.
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25
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Jaiswal R, Müller H, Müller A, Karar MGE, Kuhnert N. Identification and characterization of chlorogenic acids, chlorogenic acid glycosides and flavonoids from Lonicera henryi L. (Caprifoliaceae) leaves by LC-MSn. Phytochemistry 2014; 108:252-263. [PMID: 25236695 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The chlorogenic acids, chlorogenic acid glycosides and flavonoids of the leaves of Lonicera henryi L. (Caprifoliaceae) were investigated qualitatively by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Thirty-one chlorogenic acids and their glycosides were detected and characterized to their regioisomeric level on the basis of their unique fragmentation pattern in the negative ion mode tandem MS spectra. All of them were extracted for the first time from this source and thirteen of them were not reported previously in nature. For the positive identification of chlorogenic acid glycosides by LC-MS(n), multiple reaction monitoring and targeted MS(n) experiments were performed. We have developed an LC-MS(n) method for the systematic identification of chlorogenic acid glycosides and were also able to discriminate between chlorogenic acids and their isobaric glycosides. It was also possible to discriminate between 5-O-(3'-O-caffeoyl glucosyl)quinic acid and 5-O-(4'-O-caffeoyl glucosyl)quinic acid by LC-MS(n). This method can be applied for the rapid and positive identification of chlorogenic acids and their glycosides in plant materials, food and beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Jaiswal
- School of Engineering and Science, Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Heiko Müller
- School of Engineering and Science, Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anja Müller
- School of Engineering and Science, Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- School of Engineering and Science, Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
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26
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Zhao YW, Ni FY, Song YL, Wang SY, Huang WZ, Wang ZZ, Xiao W. [Chemical constituents from Artemisia annua]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2014; 39:4816-4821. [PMID: 25898584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical constituents of dried whole plants of Artemisia annua. METHOD The chemical constituents were isolated by repeated silica gel chromatography, medium pressure column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and comparison of NMR data with those reported in literature. RESULT 15 compounds were isolated and identified to be 5-O-[(E)-Caffeoyl] quinic acid(l), 1,3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(2), 4 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(3), 3, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 3, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), methyl-3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(6), methyl-3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(7), 3,6'-O-diferuloylsucrose(8), 5'-β-D-glucopyranosyloxyjasmonic acid(9), Scopoletin(10), scoparone (11), 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxyl-6-methoxyacetophenone (12), chrysosplenol D (13), casticin (14), chrysosplenetin(15). CONCLUSION Compounds 2, 6, 8 and 9 are obtained from the Artemisia genus for the first time. Compounds 7 and 15 are obtained from this plant for the first time.
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27
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El Senousy AS, Farag MA, Al-Mahdy DA, Wessjohann LA. Developmental changes in leaf phenolics composition from three artichoke cvs. (Cynara scolymus) as determined via UHPLC-MS and chemometrics. Phytochemistry 2014; 108:67-76. [PMID: 25301664 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The metabolomic differences in phenolics from leaves derived from 3 artichoke cultivars (Cynara scolymus): American Green Globe, French Hyrious and Egyptian Baladi, collected at different developmental stages, were assessed using UHPLC-MS coupled to chemometrics. Ontogenic changes were considered as leaves were collected at four different time intervals and positions (top and basal) during artichoke development. Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (O2PLS-DA) were used for comparing and classification of samples harvested from different cultivars at different time points and positions. A clear separation among the three investigated cultivars was revealed, with the American Green Globe samples found most enriched in caffeic acid conjugates and flavonoids vs. other cultivars. Furthermore, these metabolites also showed a marked effect on the discrimination between leaf samples from cultivars harvested at different positions, regardless of the plant age. Metabolite absolute quantifications further confirmed that discrimination was mostly influenced by phenolic compounds, namely caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids. This study demonstrates an effect of artichoke leaf position, regardless of plant age, on its secondary metabolites composition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for compositional differences among artichoke leaves, based on their positions, via a metabolomic approach and suggesting that top positioned artichoke leaves present a better source of caffeoylquinic acids, compared to basal ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira S El Senousy
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dalia A Al-Mahdy
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Dept. Bioorganic Chemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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28
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Wang J, Xu QL, Zhou ZY, Tan JW. [Caffeoylquinic acid derivatives from stems of Akebia trifoliata]. Zhong Yao Cai 2014; 37:1190-1193. [PMID: 25566654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents from Akebia trifoliata stems. METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography, and their structures were determined through spectroscopic techniques and physicochemical properties. RESULTS Six compounds were isolated from the stems of Akebia trifolita and identified as cryptochlorogenic acid methyl ester (1), neochlorogenic acid methyl ester (2), chlorogenic acid methyl ester (3), methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (4), methyl 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (5) and methyl 4,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (6). CONCLUSION All compounds are isolated from Akebia genus for the first time. Compounds 1,5 and 6 demonstrate obvious inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Estork DM, Gusmão DF, Paciencia MLB, Díaz IEC, Varella AD, Younes RN, Reis LFL, Montero EFS, Bernardi MM, Suffredini IB. First chemical evaluation and toxicity of Casinga-cheirosa to Balb-c male mice. Molecules 2014; 19:3973-87. [PMID: 24699143 PMCID: PMC6271492 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19043973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Laetia suaveolens, known as “casinga-cheirosa”, crude extract EB719 has previously shown cytotoxic activity against prostate cancer and squamous cell carcinoma. For the first time, seven molecules were isolated from its apolar—α-tocopherol (1) and sitosterol (2)—and polar—3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 5-O-feruloylquinic acid (5), hyperoside (6), and isoquercitrin (7)—fractions. Acute toxicity was determined in a two-stage experiment: (1) a reduced number of Balb-c male mice received 5000 mg/kg of EB719 to allow evaluation of general activity and other 27 parameters, plus death, up to the establishment of non-lethal dose (NLD), as well as lethal dose 50% (LD50); (2) NLD was administered and diazepam introduced as reference drug. EB719 showed LD50 = 178.0 mg/kg, and NLD 156.3 mg/kg. In stage one EB719 did not influence general activity, but provoked impairment in grasp reflexes, tail squeeze and breathing; piloerection and cyanosis were increased. In stage two, alterations occurred in auricular reflex, piloerection and breathing after diazepam administration, but not in response to EB719. Intestinal hemorrhage caused by local bleeding was observed after necropsy, and may be the main cause of animals’ death other than a systemic effect of the extract. Although the isolated compounds are biologically and pharmacologically active in both men and animal systems, it is premature to relate their occurrence in EB719 to the observed intestine hemorrhage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirce M Estork
- Graduate Program in Veterinary, Graduate and Research Vice-Dean Office, Paulista University, R. Dr. Bacelar, 1212, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04026-002, Brazil.
| | - Daniela F Gusmão
- Graduate Program in Veterinary, Graduate and Research Vice-Dean Office, Paulista University, R. Dr. Bacelar, 1212, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04026-002, Brazil.
| | - Mateus L B Paciencia
- Center for Research in Biodiversity, Botany Laboratory and Herbarium UNIP and Extraction Laboratory, Paulista University, Av. Paulista, 900, 1° andar, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 01310-100, Brazil.
| | - Ingrit E C Díaz
- Center for Research in Biodiversity, Botany Laboratory and Herbarium UNIP and Extraction Laboratory, Paulista University, Av. Paulista, 900, 1° andar, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 01310-100, Brazil.
| | - Antonio D Varella
- Center for Research in Biodiversity, Botany Laboratory and Herbarium UNIP and Extraction Laboratory, Paulista University, Av. Paulista, 900, 1° andar, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 01310-100, Brazil.
| | - Riad N Younes
- Center for Research in Biodiversity, Botany Laboratory and Herbarium UNIP and Extraction Laboratory, Paulista University, Av. Paulista, 900, 1° andar, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 01310-100, Brazil.
| | - Luiz F L Reis
- Education and Research Center, Sírio Libanês Hospital, R. Adma Jafet, 91, Bela Vista, São Paulo 01308-000, SP, Brazil.
| | - Edna F S Montero
- Medicine College, São Paulo University, LIM-62, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Pinheiros, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria M Bernardi
- Graduate Program in Veterinary, Graduate and Research Vice-Dean Office, Paulista University, R. Dr. Bacelar, 1212, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04026-002, Brazil.
| | - Ivana B Suffredini
- Graduate Program in Veterinary, Graduate and Research Vice-Dean Office, Paulista University, R. Dr. Bacelar, 1212, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04026-002, Brazil.
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30
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Nakamura S, Fujimoto K, Matsumoto T, Nakashima S, Ohta T, Ogawa K, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M. Acylated sucroses and acylated quinic acids analogs from the flower buds of Prunus mume and their inhibitory effect on melanogenesis. Phytochemistry 2013; 92:128-136. [PMID: 23693120 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The methanolic extract from the flower buds of Prunus mume, cultivated in Zhejiang Province, China, showed an inhibitory effect on melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated B16 melanoma 4A5 cells. From the methanolic extract, five acylated sucroses, mumeoses A-E, and three acylated quinic acid analogs, 5-O-(E)-p-coumaroylquinic acid ethyl ester, and mumeic acid-A and its methyl ester, were isolated together with 13 known compounds. The chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated B16 melanoma 4A5 cells were also investigated. Acylated quinic acid analogs substantially inhibited melanogenesis. In particular, 5-O-(E)-feruloylquinic acid methyl ester exhibited a potent inhibitory effect [inhibition (%): 21.5±1.0 (P<0.01) at 0.1 μM]. Moreover, its biological effect was much stronger than that of the reference compound, arbutin [inhibition (%): 10.6±0.6 (P<0.01) at 10 μM]. Interestingly, the obtained acylated quinic acid analogs displaying melanogenesis inhibitory activity showed no cytotoxicity [cell viability >97% at 10 μM]. It is concluded that acylated quinic acid analogs are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seikou Nakamura
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
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31
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Hammoda HM, Ghazy NM, Harraz FM, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Abdallah II. Chemical constituents from Tribulus terrestris and screening of their antioxidant activity. Phytochemistry 2013; 92:153-159. [PMID: 23642392 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two oligosaccharides (1,2) and a stereoisomer of di-p-coumaroylquinic acid (3) were isolated from the aerial parts of Tribulus terrestris along with five known compounds (4-8). The structures of the compounds were established as O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(6→2)-β-D-fructofuranoside (1), O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructofuranoside (2), 4,5-di-p-cis-coumaroylquinic acid (3) by different spectroscopic methods including 1D NMR ((1)H, (13)C and DEPT) and 2D NMR (COSY, TOCSY, HMQC and HMBC) experiments as well as ESI-MS analysis. This is the first report for the complete NMR spectral data of the known 4,5-di-p-trans-coumaroylquinic acid (4). The antioxidant activity represented as DPPH free radical scavenging activity was investigated revealing that the di-p-coumaroylquinic acid derivatives possess potent antioxidant activity so considered the major constituents contributing to the antioxidant effect of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M Hammoda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
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32
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Kaiser N, Birkholz D, Colomban S, Navarini L, Engelhardt UH. A new method for the preparative isolation of chlorogenic acid lactones from coffee and model roasts of 5-caffeoylquinic acid. J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61:6937-6941. [PMID: 23790059 DOI: 10.1021/jf4011356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid lactones (CQL) are known to contribute to the bitter taste of roasted coffee. CQL might also have beneficial biological activities. Until now, there is a lack of pure standard compounds for quantification and biological testing. Using high-speed countercurrent chromatography, milligram amounts of lactones could be isolated. The structures of 3-O-caffeoyl-γ-quinide, 4-O-caffeoyl-muco-γ-quinide, and 5-O-caffeoyl-epi-δ-quinide were confirmed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy including (13)C NMR data, which were previously not available from the literature. An UHPLC method was developed that enabled the separation of the lactones from roasted coffee in significantly shorter time than conventional HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Kaiser
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Yang Y, Zhang Y, Ren FX, Yu NJ, Xu R, Zhao YM. [Chemical constituents from the roots of Angelica polymorpha Maxim]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2013; 48:718-722. [PMID: 23888695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Angelica polymorpha Maxim. is a plant of the Angelica genus (Umbelliferae). The root and stem of this plant is a folk medicine known to have the actions of relieving rheumatism and cold and subsiding swelling and pains. To investigate the chemical constituents in the root of A. polymorpha Maxim., seven compounds were isolated from an 80% ethanol extract by column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated according to the spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 is a new sesquiterpene, named as bisabolactone. Its absolute configuration was determined by 1D NOESY and CD analysis. The others were identified as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (2), hycandinic acid ester 1 (3), ferulic acid (4), isooxypeucedanin (5), noreugenin (6) and cimifugin (7). Compound 2 and 3 were isolated from this genus for the first time and compound 4 was isolated from this plant for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing 100850, China
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34
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Argoti JC, Linares-Palomino PJ, Salido S, Ramírez B, Insuasty B, Altarejos J. On-line activity screening for radical scavengers from Baccharis chilco. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:189-97. [PMID: 23418166 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Baccharis plants have been used since ancient times in American traditional medicine. Baccharis chilco is a perennial shrub of temperate regions of South America that grows well in rainfall forests of Colombia. Neither chemical composition nor biological studies of this plant have ever been reported. Two caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives, 5-O-[(E)-caffeoyl]quinic acid (1) and 3,5-di-O-[(E)-caffeoyl]quinic acid (3), and rosmarinic acid (2) have been isolated from B. chilco growing wild in Colombia, using the on-line HPLC-DAD-DPPH radical-scavenging detection technique as guidance. In the course of the purification work, L-chiro-inositol (4) was also isolated. Structures of the four isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods. Antioxidants 2 and 3 exhibited high antiradical activities evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH(.)) assay, although somewhat lower than that of the reference compound ascorbic acid. The on-line HPLC-DAD-DPPH technique allowed a rapid pinpointing of antioxidants in the studied EtOH extract, and the facile guided isolation of the target molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Argoti
- Grupo de Investigación de Compuestos Heterocíclicos, Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
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Zhang JY, Qiao YJ, Gao XY, Zhang Q, Ma Q, Lu JQ. [Rapid recognition and identification of chemical constituents in Qinghuo Zhimai tablets by SPE-HPLC-ESI-MS(n)]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2013; 38:186-192. [PMID: 23672039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a method for analyzing solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-ESI-MS(n)), in order to recognize and identify the main chemical constituents in Qinghuo Zhimai tablets. METHOD The possible structures of the compounds were determined according to the structure information of compounds observed from molecular ion peaks and fragment ions in HPLC-ESI-MS(n) negative ion mode and by comparing with literature data or control samples. RESULT Through the comparative analysis on Qinghuo Zhimai Tablets and components of its formula, 39 chemical constituents were identified, including 7 caffeoylquinic acids, 7 iridoids, 6 diterpenoid lactones, 5 homoisoflavonoids, 13 steroidal saponins and 1 flavone glycoside. CONCLUSION This study provides a simple and rapid method for identifying chemical components in Qinghuo Zhimai tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yu Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
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Wu SB, Meyer RS, Whitaker BD, Litt A, Kennelly EJ. Antioxidant glucosylated caffeoylquinic acid derivatives in the invasive tropical soda apple, Solanum viarum. J Nat Prod 2012; 75:2246-2250. [PMID: 23237411 DOI: 10.1021/np300553t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Eggplant and related Solanum species contain abundant caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives. Fruit of the invasive species Solanum viarum Dunal contain numerous complex CQA derivatives, but only a few have been identified. The structures of two new compounds isolated from methanolic extracts of S. viarum fruit by C(18)-HPLC-DAD were determined using 2D NMR and MS data. Both include two 5-CQA molecules joined by glucose via ester and glycosidic linkages. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 (viarumacids A and B) are, respectively, 5-caffeoyl- and 3-malonyl-5-caffeoyl-[4-(1β-[6-(5-caffeoyl)quinate]glucopyranosyl)]quinic acid. The antioxidant activities determined by ABTS(•+) and DPPH(•) assays were in the order 1 > 2 > 5-CQA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Biao Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, New York 10468, USA
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37
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Wang Y, Wang E, Shang J, Wang H. [Caffeoylquinic acid derivatives from the seeds of Vernonia anthelmintica]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2012; 37:1590-1592. [PMID: 22993987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mature seeds of Vernonia anthelmintica were separated and purified by using such methods as macroporous absorption resin, Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC preparative chromatography. Six compounds were obtained and their structures were identified by such spectrum techniques as 1H, 13C-NMR and MS. Compound 1-6 were identified as caffeic acid (1), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 3, 4-di-O-caffeoylisoquinic acid (5), 3, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6). Among them, compounds 1-6 were separated from this plant for the first time, while compounds 3-5 were separated from this genus firstly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Wang J, Lu D, Liang Y, Zhao H, Luo M, Ling X, Ouyang P. Isolation of mono-caffeoylquinic acids from tobacco waste using continuous resin-based pre-separation and preparative HPLC. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1379-87. [PMID: 22733520 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Three isomers of mono-caffeoylquinic acid, specifically, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, were successfully isolated from a crude extract of tobacco (Nicotiana tobaccum L.) wastes using continuous resin-based pre-separation and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The extract of tobacco wastes was continuously pre-separated by resin-based columns packed with D101 and XAD-4, yielding total mono-caffeoylquinic acids with a purity of 67.71% and a recovery rate of 90.06%. Variables affecting resolution and productivity of three mono-caffeoylquinic acid isomers in preparative HPLC (i.e. mobile-phase composition, pH, flow rate and loading amount) were studied. The optimum chromatographic conditions were determined to be a mobile phase consisting of 15% (v/v) methanol and aqueous acetic acid with a pH of 4.5, a flow rate of 4.0 mL/min, a loading amount of 4 mL and a detection wavelength of 360 nm. From 300 mg of loading sample, 56.3 mg of 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 92.8 mg of 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 73.1 mg of 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid were obtained in a single run, each with a purity of over 98% by HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by ESI-MS, (1) H-NMR and (13) C-NMR spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P R China.
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Gouveia S, Castilho PC. Helichrysum monizii Lowe: phenolic composition and antioxidant potential. Phytochem Anal 2012; 23:72-83. [PMID: 21837645 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Madeira Archipelago there are four endemic Helichyrsum species and three of them are used in the traditional medicine. Helichrysum monizii is a rare endemism with very scarce information available concerning its uses in the local traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to study for the first time Helichrysum monizii in terms of its antioxidant capacity and the identification of the phenolic compounds to which that activity is due. METHODOLOGY Three different methods of extraction were performed and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of extracts were correlated to radical scavenging and antioxidant capacity by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and β-carotene assays. An HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) method was employed for the separation and identification of the phenolic and flavonoid components. RESULTS The results revealed a high antioxidant potential mainly related to the phenolic profile of the plant. Polar components of methanol extracts of Helichrsyum monizii were detected by a high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) ) method. Thirty-three compounds were identified and 19 of them were identified as quinic acid derivatives. CONCLUSIONS The high antioxidant potential Helichrysum monizii was for the first time established. Dicaffeoylquinic acids are the main responsible for that activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gouveia
- Centro de Química da Madeira, CCCEE, Universidade da Madeiram, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
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He X, Yang W, Ye M, Wang Q, Guo D. Differentiation of Cuscuta chinensis and Cuscuta australis by HPLC-DAD-MS analysis and HPLC-UV quantitation. Planta Med 2011; 77:1950-1957. [PMID: 21674437 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1271186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cuscuta chinensis and Cuscuta australis, the two botanical sources of the Chinese herbal medicine Tu-Si-Zi, were distinguished from each other based on qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. By HPLC‑DAD‑MS, a total of 36 compounds were characterized from these two Cuscuta species, including 14 flavonoids, 17 quinic acid derivatives, and 5 lignans. In addition, HPLC‑UV was applied to determine seven major compounds (6 flavonoids plus chlorogenic acid) in 27 batches of Tu-Si-Zi. The results revealed that the amounts of the three classes of compounds varied significantly between the species. C. australis contained more flavonoids but less quinic acid derivatives and lignans than C. chinensis. Particularly, the amounts of kaempferol and astragalin in C. australis were remarkably higher than in C. chinensis. This finding could be valuable for the quality control of Tu-Si-Zi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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41
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Huang YL, Tsujita T, Tanaka T, Matsuo Y, Kouno I, Li DP, Nonaka GI. Triterpene hexahydroxydiphenoyl esters and a quinic acid purpurogallin carbonyl ester from the leaves of Castanopsis fissa. Phytochemistry 2011; 72:2006-2014. [PMID: 21831402 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Triterpene hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) esters have only been isolated from Castanopsis species, and the distribution of these esters in nature is of chemotaxonomical interest. In this study, the chemical constituents of the leaves of Castanopsis fissa were examined in detail to identify and isolate potential HHDP esters. Together with 53 known compounds, 3,4-di-O-galloyl-1-O-purpurogallin carbonyl quinic acid (1) and 3,24-(S)-HHDP-2α,3β,23,24-tetrahydroxytaraxastan-28,20β-olide (2) were isolated and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. The polyphenols of the leaves were mainly composed of galloyl quinic acids, triterpenes HHDP esters, ellagitannins and flavonol glycosides. In particular, the isolation yields of 1,3,4-trigalloyl quinic acid and compound 2 were 1.53% and 0.27%, respectively, from the fresh leaves. The presence of lipid soluble HHDP esters of oleanane-type triterpenes as one of the major metabolites is an important chemotaxonomical discovery. Lipase inhibition activities and ORAC values of the major constituents were compared. The triterpene HHDP ester showed moderate lipase inhibition activity and myricitrin gave the largest ORAC value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lin Huang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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Pecchia P, Cammareri M, Malafronte N, Consiglio MF, Gualtieri MJ, Conicella C. Quinic acids from Aster caucasicus and from transgenic callus expressing a beta-amyrin synthase. Nat Prod Commun 2011; 6:1665-1669. [PMID: 22224284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Several different classes of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins and quinic acid derivatives, are found in Aster spp. (Fam. Asteraceae). Several Aster compounds revealed biological as well as pharmacological activities. In this work, a phytochemical investigation of A. caucasicus evidenced the presence of quinic acid derivatives, as well as the absence of triterpene saponins. To combine in one species the production of different phytochemicals, including triterpenes, an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of A. caucasicus was set up to introduce A. sedifolius beta-amyrin synthase (AsOXA1)-encoding gene under the control of the constitutive promoter CaMV35S. The quali-quantitative analysis of transgenic calli with ectopic expression of AsOXA1 showed, in one sample, a negligible amount of triterpene saponins combined with higher amount of quinic acid derivatives as compared with the wild type callus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pecchia
- CNR-IGV, Research Institute of Plant Genetics, Research Division Portici, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy
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Moldoch J, Szajwaj B, Masullo M, Pecio L, Oleszek W, Piacente S, Stochmal A. Phenolic constituents of Knautia arvensis aerial parts. Nat Prod Commun 2011; 6:1627-1630. [PMID: 22224276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A new C-6 flavone glycoside (6), together with seven known compounds, cryptochlorogenic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), 2-O-trans-caffeoylhydrocitric acid (3), isovitexin 7-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), 7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavone-6-C-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (7) and 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (8), were isolated from the aerial parts of Knautia arvensis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D- (1H, 13C and TOCSY) and 2D-NMR (DQF-COSY, HSQC, HMBC) experiments, as well as ESIMS analysis. Compounds 1, 3-5 and 8 are reported for the first time in Knautia arvensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Moldoch
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HepG2 was used to screen hepatocyte protective compounds from the flowers of Hemerocallis fulva. Three new polyphenols, n-butyl 4-trans-O-caffeoylquinate (1), kaempferol 3-O-{α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)]}-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), and chrysoeriol 7-O-[β-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1→2)(2-O-trans-feruloyl)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (3), together with four caffeoylquinic acid derivatives (4-7), eight known flavones (8-15), one naphthalene glycoside, stelladerol (16), one tryptophan derivative (17), adenosine (18), and guanosine (19) were isolated from the bioactive fractions of the aqueous ethanol extract of H. fulva flowers. The structures of isolated compounds were characterized by means of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-3 were described as first isolated natural products. Among the above-mentioned compounds, the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives are the major components with potent free radical scavenging activity in HepG2 cells and are for the first time isolated from H. fulva flowers. A convenient ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method was also developed to simultaneously separate and identify caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lian Lin
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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45
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Li J, Yu D. [Chemical constituents from herbs of Erigeron breviscapus]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2011; 36:1458-1462. [PMID: 22779177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents from herbs of Erigeron breviscapus. METHOD The compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. RESULT Twelve compounds were isolated and structurally identified as quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside (1), 5, 7-dihydroxychromone (2), 3-O-caffeoyl-gamma-quinide (3), naringenin (4), 3, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), 4, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (7), 1,3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (8), 1, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (9), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (10), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (11) and chlorogenic acid (12). CONCLUSION Compounds 1-4 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Jaiswal R, Kiprotich J, Kuhnert N. Determination of the hydroxycinnamate profile of 12 members of the Asteraceae family. Phytochemistry 2011; 72:781-90. [PMID: 21453943 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The hydroxycinnamates of the leaves of 12 plants of the Astreraceae family, Achillea millefolium, Arnica montana, Artemesia dracunculus, Cichorium intybus, Cnicus benedictus, Cynara scolymus, Echinops humilis, Inula helenium, Lactuca sativa, Petasites hybridus, Solidago virgaurea, and Tanacetum parthenium were investigated qualitatively by LC-MS(n). Thirty-nine chlorogenic acids were detected and all characterized to regioisomeric level on the basis of their fragmentation pattern in the tandem MS spectra, most of them for the first time from these sources with two of them previously not reported in nature. Both chlorogenic acids based on trans and cis-cinnamic acid substituents were identified. Assignment to the level of individual regioisomers was possible for seven caffeoylquinic acids (1-7), 11 dicaffeoylquinic acids (17-27), six feruloylquinic acids (9-14), two p-coumaroylquinic acids (15-16), two caffeoyl-feruloylquinic acids (28 and 29), four caffeoyl-p-coumaroylquinic acids (30-33), three dicaffeoyl-succinoylquinic acids (34-36), two dicaffeoyl-methoxyoxaloylquinic acids (37 and 38), and one tricaffeoylquinic acid (39). Furthermore, one caffeoylshikimic acid (40), one caffeoyltartaric acid (41), three dicaffeoyltartaric acids (42-44), and three caffeoyl-feruloyltartaric acids (45-47) were detected and shown to possess characteristic tandem MS spectra and were tentatively assigned on the basis of their retention time and previously developed hierarchical keys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Jaiswal
- School of Engineering and Science, Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Vitalini S, Beretta G, Iriti M, Orsenigo S, Basilico N, Dall'Acqua S, Iorizzi M, Fico G. Phenolic compounds from Achillea millefolium L. and their bioactivity. Acta Biochim Pol 2011; 58:203-209. [PMID: 21503279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Since antiquity, Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) has been used in traditional medicine of several cultures, from Europe to Asia. Its richness in bioactive compounds contributes to a wide range of medicinal properties. In this study, we assessed A. millefolium methanolic extract and its isolated components for free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-pycrilhydrazyl, total antioxidant capacity (based on the reduction of Cu(++) to Cu(+)), and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The activity against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum was also tested. Chlorogenic acid, its derivatives and some flavonoids isolated by semipreparative HPLC and identified by NMR and spectrometric techniques were the major bioactive constituents of the methanolic extract. The latter exhibited significant antioxidant properties, as well as its flavonol glycosides and chlorogenic acids. With regard to the antiplasmodial activity, apigenin 7-glucoside was the most effective compound, followed by luteolin 7-glucoside, whereas chlorogenic acids were completely inactive. On the whole, our results confirmed A. millefolium as an important source of bioactive metabolites, justifying its pharmaceutical and ethnobotanical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vitalini
- Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Jaiswal R, Kuhnert N. How to identify and discriminate between the methyl quinates of chlorogenic acids by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2011; 46:269-281. [PMID: 21394843 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The methyl esters of chlorogenic acids, methyl quinates, are widely distributed in plant materials and frequently appear as extraction artifacts in plant samples. This is the first time when liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods have been used for the identification and characterization of the methyl quinates. For this purpose, methyl quinates of mono caffeoylquinic acids and mono feruloylquinic acids were synthesized as authentic standards. The methyl quinates of mono and diacyl chlorogenic acids have shown characteristic fragmentation pattern in their tandem mass spectra. MS(n + 1) spectra of the methyl quinates of diacyl chlorogenic acids were identical to MS(n) spectra of mono acyl derivatives. These quinates do not produce any methyl quinate peak at m/z 205 if compared with quinic acid peak at m/z 191 in negative ion mode. In the MS(n) spectra of these quinates, cinnamic acid part or cinnamoyl part was detected as a base peak in negative ion mode. The retention time, order of elution and fragmentation pattern were completely different if compared with LC-MS(n) methods developed for chlorogenic acids. These LC-MS(n) methods have been applied for the identification and regioisomeric characterization of the methyl quinates of chlorogenic acids in maté tea and woodruff (Galium odoratum). Two methyl caffeoylquinates (2 and 4) were identified as methyl 3-caffeoylquinate and methyl 5-caffeoylquinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 8, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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Santos MDD, Chen G, Almeida MC, Soares DM, de Souza GEP, Lopes NP, Lantz RC. Effects of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and C-flavonoid from Lychnophora ericoides on in vitro inflammatory mediator production. Nat Prod Commun 2010; 5:733-740. [PMID: 20521538 PMCID: PMC2913437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we aimed at evaluating the effect of the major polar constituents of the medicinal plant Lychnophora ericoides on the production of inflammatory mediators produced by LPS-stimulated U-937 cells. The 6,8-di-C-beta-glucosylapigenin (vicenin-2) presented no effect on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production, but inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the production of prostaglandin (PG) E2 without altering the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein. 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, at lower concentrations, had small but significant effects on reducing PGE2 levels; at higher doses these compounds stimulated PGE2 and also TNF-alpha production by the cells. All the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, in a dose-dependent fashion, were able to inhibit monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 synthesis/release, with 4,5-DCQ being the most potent at the highest tested concentration. These results add important information on the effects of plant natural polyphenols, namely vicenin-2 and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, on the production of inflammatory mediators by cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel David dos Santos
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto – SP, 14040-903, Brazil
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | - Denis Melo Soares
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto – SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Glória Emília Petto de Souza
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto – SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto – SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - R. Clark Lantz
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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Jehle M, Bano J, Ellmerer EP, Zidorn C. Natural products from Scorzonera aristata (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Commun 2010; 5:725-727. [PMID: 20521536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aerial parts of Scorzonera aristata Ramond ex DC., collected in the South Tyrolean Dolomites, yielded the flavonoids quercetin 3-O-glucoside, rutin, and isoorientin, and the caffeic acid derivatives chlorogenic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid, and 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid. Sub-aerial parts contained caffeic acid methyl ester, 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid, and the triterpenes 3alpha-hydroxyolean-5-ene, lupeol, and magnificol. Chemosystematic implications of the isolated compounds are discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Jehle
- Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 52, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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